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Issue Date: January 12, 1966

Shastri Dies in Declaration of Tashkent

The Indian-Pakistani agreement was the major section of a Declaration of Tashkent signed January 10 by Prime Minister Shastri and President . Both leaders had accepted a Soviet invitation in September 1965 to come to the Uzbekian capital to discuss their mutual problems. The invitation had been issued at the height of the fighting between the 2 countries over the disputed state of Kashmir. [See 1965 Indian- Dispute: Ayub to Meet Shastri]

Principle points of the Declaration of Tashkent:

(1) Armed forces of both countries were to be withdrawn no later than February 25 to positions they had held prior to the outbreak of fighting August 5, 1965 (the troops had occupied areas of each others' territory in Kashmir and in and Pakistan proper).

(2) The 2 nations were to "observe the cease-fire on the cease-fire line" that had been worked out by the UN. War prisoners were to be exchanged.

(3) Indian-Pakistani relations were to "be based on the principle of non-interference in the internal affairs of each other." The 2 countries were to cease directing propaganda at each other.

(4) The high commissioners of India and Pakistan were to return to their respective posts, and normal Indian-Pakistani diplomatic and economic relations were to be restored.

(5) Both nations "re-affirm[ed] their obligation under the [UN] Charter not to have recourse to force and to settle their disputes through peaceful means."

(6) The 2 nations would continue to discuss the problems of refugees and "eviction of illegal immigrants."

(7) India and Pakistan were to "create conditions which will prevent the exodus of people," and both countries were to consider the return of "property and assets taken over by either side in connection with the conflict."

(8) India and Pakistan agreed to continue discussion of mutual problems at high government levels.

In conclusion, Shastri and Ayub thanked the Soviet government for "bringing about the present meeting which has resulted in mutually satisfactory results."

In a speech opening the meeting, Soviet Premier Kosygin January 4 had expressed the hope that the Tashkent talks would "mark a turning point in the relations between Pakistan and India." Kosygin had personally intervened in the negotiations by holding separate meetings with Shastri and Ayub January 5, 6 and 9 after it appeared that the 2 leaders were deadlocked on most issues, particularly Kashmir. Pakistan had insisted that the Kashmir question be discussed "in depth." The declaration said merely that the Kashmir controversy had been "discussed, and each of the sides set forth its respective position." Ayub had contended that Kashmir "is the basic problem" in Indian-Pakistani relations. Shastri had argued that Kashmir was only symptomatic of the "deep malaise" in Indian- Pakistani ties, and he refused to include it on the agenda as such. © 2011 Facts On File News Services

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