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S-0863-0003-08-00001

Expanded Number S-0863-0003-08-00001

Title items-in-Peace-keeping operations - / - Secretary-General's representative on the question of withdrawal of troops

Date Created 24/08/1965

Record Type Archival Item

Container S-0863-0003: Peace-Keeping Operations Files of the Secretary-General: U Thant: India/Pakistan

Print Name of Person Submit Image Signature of Person Submit UNITED STATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AH OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release KASH/131 £4 August 1965 l

' STATEMENT ST.SEE SECTARY-C-MERALON; TEE YJMOWIi SITUATION

\ "As already indicated, I am greatly concerned about the situation in . It poses a very serious ana dangerous threat to peace. "Therefore, in the course of the past two waeks, I have been in earnest confutation with the peraianent representatives cf the two Governments with a view to stopping the violations o£ the cease-fire line which have been reported to me by General ITimmo, Chief Military Observer of UHMOGIP,* and effecting a restoration of normal conditions along the cease-fire line. "la the same context I have had in mind the possibility of sending urgently a Personal Representative to the area for the purpose of meeting and talking with appropriate authorities of the two Governments and with General Mmmo, and conveying to the Governments my very serious concern about the situation and exploring with them ways and means of preventing any further deterioration in that situation and restoring quiet along the cease-fire line. "Should such a mission materialize I had it in mind to ask Dr. Ralph J. Bunche, Under-Secretary for Special Political Affairs, to undertake it. The idea was broached to the two parties informally on 20 August. The subsequent responses of the two Governments, while not negative, involved in each case conditions which, in my view, would make the mission not feasible at this time and therefore I have abandoned it. "As a further and immediate step, however, I have asked General Mimmo to come quickly to United nations Headquarters for consultation with me about the situation in Kashmir, and he is expected to arrive from Srinagar before the end of the week, I shall give, consideration to other efforts that I might make in the light of the discussions with General Mmmo."

* -General Robert H, Nimmo, Chief Military Observer of the United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UWMGGIP). PAKISTAN MISSION TO THE UNITED NATIONS PAKISTAN HOUSE 8 EAST 65™ STREET NEW YORK 2 I, N . Y.

August 25, 196?

STATEMENT BY SPOKESMAN OF PAKISTAN MISSION TO THE UNITED NATIONS

We regret that the proposed mission of Dr. Ralph Bunche has been abandoned. ue want to make it clear that the Pakistan Government had accepted this mission on the understanding that Dr. Bunche would have an unrestricted mandate. Since a grave situation has arisen in Kashmir, we felt it would have been a serious disservice to peace to restrict or inhibit Jais. functions in any way. It is our conviction that the turmoil in Kashmir needs to be fuULy and impartially studied if any viable solution is to be evolved. Such a study will be futile if it seeks to separate the cuase from the effect, if it neglects the root of the trouble. The cease-fire line cannot be isolated from the surrounding land and its people. The concept of restoring quiet along the cease-fire line presupposes that of making an effort towards a peaceful and honourabla .settlement of the dispute itself. Certainly, it is something quite different from restoring or maintaining the status quo ante in Kashmir, which is all that India wants so that it could fulfill its designs of completely annexing the State. A mission of this kind has been long overdue* The Military Observers in Kashmir have a very limited function and they have no jLocu^ standi so far as the general situation in and Kashmir is concerned. This is the reason why we were happy that a person of Dr. Bunche!s calibre should have the opportunity of examining the situation in Kashmir and consulting the leaders of the people of Kashmir with reference to the imperative need for implementing the Resolutions of the United Nations. PAKISTAN MISSION TO THE UNITED NATIONS PAKISTAN HOUSE PRESS RELEASE 8 EAST 65T_H STREET NEW YORK 2 I, N . Y. September J, 1965

TEXT OF FIRST OF THE MONTH BROADCAST BY PRESIDENT MOHAMMAD

RAWALPINDI, September 15 1965 : President Mohan-mad Ayub Khan declared blatant acts of Indian aggression across the cease-fire line in Kashmir "cannot and shall not be allowed to go unchallenged". The President said failing to suppress the freedom fighters in occupied territory of Jammu and Kashmir India had embarked on a course of aggression across the cease-fire line. A glaring example of cease-fire violation was the re-occupation of the three vacant posts on Pakistan side of the cease-fire line in Kargill sector. The President said Indian Defence Minister confessed in the Indian ^arliament that "whenever India had found necessary to cross the cease-fire line to defend it she had done so and I have no doubt we are ready to do so again". The President added,that this readiness to use force in defiance of international agreements was further demonstrated, by fresh incursions in the Poonch-Uri sector. The President further said "The Indian leaders and Indian Press have been proudly announcing that India has crossed the cease-fire line. So much for Indian respect for the cease-fire line. How can she blame anyone from Azad Kashmir, or for that matter from any part of Pakistan, to go to the assistance of those brave people in Jaumu and Kashmir who are in life and death struggle against the brutal occupation forces of India." The President added: "India blames us for supporting these valiant fighters against Indian tyranny. Ve are doing no more than what we have always pledged to do, which is to support the people of Kashi/ir in exercising their right of self-determination as pledged to them by the United Nations, Pakistan, as well as India. India has dishonoured her pledge. Pakistan shall honour it." The President continued "People of Jammu and Kashmir will have the support of all those who believe in the freedom of man. Sheer physical force cannot break the support of a brave and determined people. If might and power could determine the fate of nationst no country in Africa and Asia would be free today.11" The President added /'Patience and testraint which we have imposed on ourselves in the interest of peace in this area has been misunderstood by India. The sense of discipline shown by our people springs from their faith and ability to defend their country. In this supreme hour of their trial, people of Pakistan will rise like one man and give a befitting reply to Indian aggression." Referring to the popular revolt which broke out in the occupied Kashmir on August 8, 19653 the President said : "The successes achieved by the freedom fighters have been striking and their heroic deeds will be a source of inspiration to all those engaged in the struggle for freedom in different parts of the world. The torch of freedom lit by these patriots has been carried from village * 2 * to village and city to city," Concluding the President remarked that Pakistan was faced with two challenges. The first was posed by India's hostility which has "been mounting ever since she started receiving massive arms aid. from abroad. The second was the challenge to the country's self-reliance. He said he was confident that both these challenges could be turned into an opportunity to release creative energies of people bringing out qualities of resourcefulness and dedication for it was in times like these that nations fulfilled their destiny. PERMANENT MISSION OF INDIA TO THE UNITED NATIONS 3 EAST 64.TH STREET NEW YORK, N. Y. IOO21

New Delhi, Sept.A, 1965

Text of message from the ^0 the Secretary-General of the U.N.

I have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your message received on September 2. I appreciate the considerations that have prompted you to address an appeal to us and to Pakistan. Our Permanent Representative in New York has been in frequent touch with you and has kept you informed of the situation as it has developed since August 5. I have no doubt that from all the information that you have received from the United Nations Observers in Kashmir and on the basis of your own assessment, it is clear that the root cause of the present dangerous situation is the undertaking of massive infiltrations of armed pe-rsonnel from the Pakistan side, well organised and trained in-sahotage and subversive warfare, tho whole operation to ing conceived, planned and executed by Pakistan. The infiltrators are, in fact, members of Pakistan Armed-Forces. These infiltrations arc still continuing.. Such action by Pakistan is a clear violation of the Charter of the United Nations and of the Cease Fire Agreement and against all canons of international law and code of good noighboTarliness. It is to meet this thinly disguised inva-sion that the Government of India, while showing every forbearance, have boon forced to take preventive military .action.

In your message you have appealed in the interests of peace that we should indicate our intention to respect the Cease Fire Agreement, that there should be a cessation of cr»ssingsof the Cease Fire Line by armcd personnel from both sides of the Line and a halt to all firing across the Cease -Fire Line from either side of it. While I apprccciate the motivations of your appeal, I have to point out that the-terms of yov.T message are such as might leave the impression that we arc responsible equally with Pakistan for the dangerous developments that have taken place. Unless your message is read in the context of the realities of the situation as they have developed, it tends, to introduce a certain equation between India and Pakistan, which the facts of the situation do not bear out. Indeed, it seems to me that your message has to bo read in conjunction with the report that you have sent to Members of the Security Council. I would like to take this opportunity of apprising you of the salient facts of the situation. Since August 5, several thousands of infiltrators from Pakistan and Pakistan-occupied Kashmir have crossed the Ceasefire Line. These men have come camouflaged as civilians and fully armed with modern weapons, signal equipment, large quantities of ammunition and supplies and explosives. From the interrogation of the prisoners captured by us from among the infiltrators, many of whom ore regular officers of the , it is now known that a military Headquarters was set up in Murrec in in May 1965 under General Akhtar Hussin Malik, General Commanding, 12th , of the Pakistan Army. This organisation is known as Military Headquarters "Gibraltar Force". Their instructions were to destroy bridges and vital roads, attack police stations, supply dumps, Army Headquarters and important installations., inflict casuilities on Indian Forces, and -2—

attack VIPs In Jammu and Kashmir. The statements of the captured prisoners and the nature and type of weapons which the infiltrators carr.'.ed, large quantities of ;which have been captured 1y us, hearing the markings of Pakistan Ordnance Factories, prove beyond a shadow of doubt that the infiltrators were armed and equipped by the Pakistan Government and have operatod under their instructions.

Pakistan, however, has denied any knowledge of those armed infiltrations and persists in the theory that there is an internal revolt in Kashmir - n revolt which does not exist and has not been noticed by independent foreign observers. Since your message was sent,, the situation has been further aggravated by a massive attack launched by two Regiments of tanks and aircraft supported by Pakistan troops in brigade strength, across the Cease Fire Lino and the international frontiers between the Indian State of Jammu and Kashmir and West Pakistan, The attack which is in great strength is aimed at our key positions controlling our lines of communications. Even on its own admission, as indicated in President Ayub Khan's broadcast of September 1, the Pakistani forces have gone to the assistance of the infiltrators whom Pakistan chooses to call "freedom fighters". There is no pretence in it of any kind, of defensive action and the Pakistani attack clearly constitutes aggression,, The Pakistani attack is accompanied by the usual tactics of the aggressor, namely, indiscriminate bombing of the civilian population. In a bombing raid on September 2, the killed 50 civilians and injured an equal number in addition to bombing of a mosqu^. We have to meet the situation created by this latest Pakistani aggression. In your message, Mr. Secretary-General, you have yourself recognised that essential to the restoration of the ceasefire would be a cessation of the crossings of the Ceasefire Line by armed personnel. As I have indie.".ted above, the root cause of the present dangerous situation lies in the massivo infiltrations of Pakistani armed personnel, Since the Pakistan Government disown responsibility for the armed infiltrations, your appeal to Pakistan, so far as armed infiltrators are concerned, can hardly be productive of results and the root cause of the trouble will remain.

India is a peace loving country. We have neither the inclination nor is it in our interest to be deviated from the path of peace and economic progress to that of a military conflict. Pakistan has; however, by sending armed infiltrators in large numbers across .the Cease Fire Line brought about a situation in which we have no choice but to defend ourselves and take such preventive action as may be deemed essential. In taking such preventive action we have, in curtain, sectors had to cross the Cease Fire Line for the purpose of effectively preventing further infiltrations. This is a matter of great importance to us. As to the Cease Fire Agreement, you arc well aware th.v.t we have shown respect for the Cease Fire Lino all these years though Pakistan has shown scant regard for it. Over the past two years. General Nimmo, Chief Military Observer, has ibade proposals for a meeting between the representative^ of India and Pakistan with a view to ensuring the observance of the Cease Fire greement and to preventing its violation from the Pakistan side by armed civilians; Vie have always accepted these proposals bdt Pakistan has eithei4 rejected them or not responded to thenu In J,uly 1964., we offered to come to a gentlemen's agreement with Pakistan to endure tranquillity along tne cease Fire Line. Pakistan at ...first agreed to a1 'meeting, and., the representatives of India and Pakistan were to meet in Karacai on the "2nd November 1964. However,a • • •' day before the meeting was to be held, Pakistan postponed the meeting unilaterally and did not suggest any fresh date .thereafter;

Pakistanis international behaviour is such as cannot be ignored in considering your pppeal. It will be recalled that in 1947-4-8 Pakistan undertook action similar to the present one and persisted in denying its b-omplicity for several months until the truth could no ll^nger1 be hidd-en and it had no way but to admit.to the United Nations Commission for1 India and Pakistan in July 19-48$ that Pakistani forces had been fighting in Kasnmir for several months. That act of Pakistan's aggression the United Nations seems to have forgotten, but that aggression is still with us and Pakistan continues to ibe in forcible occupation of two fifths of our state of Jammu and Kashmir.

It is within your knowledge that in ipril this year^ Pakistan launcned a military attack in our territory in the Rann of Kutch, a clear case of use of force for the assertion ot its claims, whioh is forbidden by the Charter of the United Nations. The Bandung Declaration, the Character of the Organisation of -ifrican Unity ._' , the Cairo Declaration and many other international declarations of our time* ih Spite of such provocation wo showed forbearance and reached an agreement with Pakistan on 30th June 1965, for" thi-e peaceful settlement of the b&rder qu'cstion. The hope was solemnly expressed by;both sides in the agreement that it Would result in better relations between India and. Pakistan and in the easing of tensions between the two countries, It is now clear1; however1, that oven when Pakistan was putting its signature to tiiat Agreement it was planning and organising the massive armed infiltrations across' the Cease Fitfe Line in Jammu and Kashmir and oven before the ink was dry on that agr'ee/mentj Pakistan launched thousands of its armed infiltrators across the cease Fire Linej We cannot be expected to wait for Pakistan to vitiate the Cease Fire Line and tU attack us at will, and wo cannot go from one cease fire to another without our being satisfied that Pakistan will not repeat its acts of violations and aggression in the future*

There is no fther name for the massive Pakistani infiltrations across the Cease Fire Line and Across the international frontier between Jammu and Kashmir and West Pakistan, and the military attack that Pakistan lias launched into our territory, but aggression. That aggression throws on us, as a Soverign State, responsibilities for defence which is our right and duty to discharge.

To sum up, I have taken this opportunity ff acquainting you with all the aspects of the complex and dangerous situation that has been brought about by Pakistan-i actions „ W<- owe it to you and to the high office you occupy with such distinction, to leave you in no doubt as to cur position. Mr. -'.eorctary-General you have appealed for peace and we greatly appreciate your anxiety and the sincerity o£ your efforts. India has always stoodl firmly for peace ana our position needs no reiteration, vhat is essential, however, today is that Pakistan should undertake forthwith to stop infiltrations across the QcasefireLine and to withdraw the infiltrators and its armed forces from the Indian side of the Ceasefire Line and the International frontier between Jammu and Kashmir and West Pakistan. Furthermore, wo would have to be satisfied that there will be no recurrence of such a situation. These haveto bo the starting points of any steps towards the restoration of peace for which you, as Secretary-General of the United Nations, arc beinding your efforts, I trust that, in the first instance, you will ascertain from Pakistan if it will accept the responsibility jfor withdrawing not only its armed forcc-s but also the infiltrators and for preventing further infiltrations. This, in fact, we take it, is the basic assum^tisn underlying your appoalo Is Tsspaass to qixasle-,;s the SeCi-egas^Osy^ral Uaa beee ai-grared l-j? the 0 of F'&lEistas and 3jas!ia &&i to will ba ^©1.00^0 ijf; tlieir res™ V PRESS-RELEASE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS MISSION TO THE UNITED NATIONS #45 136 EAST 67th STREET, NEW YORK 2i, N. Y. September 7,19 65

TASS STATEMENT

As reported earlier in the Soviet press, an armed conflict recently flared up between the two neighbouring states of India and Pakistan in the Kashmir area. Tension is not only not easing,but,according to the latest reports, military operations are assuming an ever broader scope and the region of these operations has transcened the boundaries of Kashmir. The ceasefire line in Kashmir, established by the Indian-Pakistani Agreement of 1949, has, in effect, been violated at several places. Large military units are involved in the military operations from both sides, tanks and aircraft are being used. Pakistani troops, as foreign news agencies report, have advanced several dozen kilometres into the depth of Indian territory. At the same time, as Reuter reported on September 6, India's Defence Minister Chawan stated in Parliament that Indian troops had crossed the state frontier in Punjab near . The Indian air force is making combat flights in the region of Western Pakistan. India's Prime Minister, according to news agencies, described the situation in Kashmir as a veritable war between India and Pakistan. Pakistan's President Ayub Khan, in a broadcast on September 6 said that Pakistan was in a state of war..., a state of emergency had been proclaimed in the country. The number of casualties is increasing from day to day. Not only soldiers but also civilians are dying. Such is the serious situation obtaining in that part of Asia. There is no doubt that the armed conflict in the Kashmir region cannot benefit either of the sides —India or Pakistan. Present developments in that region play into the hands only of those outside forces that seek to disunite and set at loggerheads the states that cast off the colonial yoke. In the past, too, these forces have more than once tried to exploit the Kashmir issue to prevent the establishment of goodneighbourly relations between India and Pakistan, seeking to set them at loggerheads. They are undoubtedly, now, too, instigating India and Pakistan to extend the bloodshed for the sake of their ends which run counter to the national interests of the Indian and Pakistani peoples who are vitally interested in the strengthening of peace. It is needed by the peoples of India and Pakistar to solve the many intricate and important problems- o£. dev©k>pmeni~of their states. - 2 -

The tendency towards a further expansion of the armed conflict between India and Pakistan — two big Asian states — aggravates still further the tense situation in South and South-East Asia created by the aggression against the Vietnamese people. The armed conflict between India and Pakistan evokes serious concern in the which always holds close to heart the cause of preserving peace. This concern is increasing because the conflict is passing in an area neighbouring on the frontiers of the Soviet Union. The USSR is coming out for the solution of disputes between sovereign states by way of talks, by peaceful means. Realizing the entire complexity of the situation in the Indian - Pakistani conflict, Soviet people believe that there is a possibility to find a peaceful solution of the disputes between India and Pakistan, given that the statesmen of both countries display realism, restraint and an understanding of the grave consequences of a development of the armed conflict. TASS has been authorized to state that the Soviet government has . urged both sides —India, whose policy of nonaligment earned broad international recognition, and Pakistan — to immediately stop military operations and to effect a mutual withdrawal of troops beyond the cease- fire-line established by the Agreement between India and Pakistan in 1949, to remove the troops to the territory on which they were before the outbreak of military operations. The Soviet Union expects that India and Pakistan acting in the spirit of the United Nations Charter and the Bandung principles enter into talks on a peaceful settlement of the conflict. The Soviet government stated that both sides could rely on kind cooperation on the part of the Soviet Union or, as one says, on the good offices, if both sides deemed this useful. The settlement of the present conflict between India and Pakistan is an urgent matter. An understanding of this has been reflected in particular in the unanimously adopted resolutions of the Security Council on September 4 and 6. The restraint and good will of both sides will undoubtedly create an opportunity to prevent the dangerous development of erents and to find " a peaceful solution of the conflict. Hope is expressed in the Soviet Union that the leaders of India and Pakistan will heed the voice of friends of the Indian and Pakistani peoples. The Soviet government also hopes that the wisdom of the statesmen in India and Pakistan in the understanding and appraisal of the situation will triumph and that peace between the two neighbouring countries will be restored.

********* PRESS-RELEASE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS MISSION TO THE UNITED NATIONS ^ 46 136 EAST 67th STREET. NEW YORK 21, N.Y. Septembe<3~~+«™K~r_ 13,196 10 loc5c

TASS STATEMENT ON INDIAN - PAKISTANI CONFLICT

"The incoming reports show that the Indian-Pakistani armed conflict is gaining ground. Military actions, which were started in Kashmir, are spreading to new districts. More and more troops are put into action from both sides. Air raids are growing in intensity and they are made not only on points within the zones of hostilities but also on towns deep in the territory of both countries, their capitals included. Paratroopers are sent into the rear. Naval forces are also being involved in military operations.

The growing military actions between India and Pakistan, coupled with the continued aggression of American imperialism in Vietnam, increase still more the danger to peace in South and South-East Asia and the rest of the world. It is understandable therefore that the governments of many countries situated near the conflict area as well as in other continents, voice justified concern and urge both sides to call an immediate halt to hostilities and settle the conflict peacefully.

The U.N.Secretary-General is also making efforts in this direction in compliance with the Security Council decision. More and more insistent demands are made for prompt action to put an end to the bloodshed, stamp out the conflagration of war in that area of Asia, and restore peace which is so badly needed by the Indian and Pakistani peoples for their constructive labour.

There are, however, forces which seek to profit by the worsened Indian-Pakistani relations. By their incendiary statements they push them toward the further aggravation of the military conflict. But such a turn of events can only aggravate the situation and cause the present developments to escalate into an even bigger conflagration, If matters develop in this direction, many states might find themselves drawn into the conflict one by one. This is a dangerous prospect. As shown by experience of history, this may have the gravest consequences not only for the peoples of the region where the conflict began, but also far beyond it. This course of events is unquestionably not in the interest of the peoples of India and Pakistan, the peoples of all Asia, And however the causes behind the hostilities between India and Pakistan are appraised, one thing is clear: their further extension would benefit only the forces of imperialism and reaction, only those who would like to reimpose the yoke of colonialism and neocolonialism on the liberated peoples. Even now American imperialism is - 2 - trying to exploit the military clashes between India and Pakistan to divert the peoples' attention from the U.S. aggression in Vietnam. TASS is empowered to state that the Soviet government, seriously concerned over the turn of events, again calls upon the governments of India and Pakistan to be reasonable and take measures to stop the hostilities at once. Nobody will deny that when blood is shed, when towns and villages are destroyed, when war hysteria is generated, it is more difficult to seek a reasonable solution to the problems which exist between the two states. Extension of the conflict inevitably engenders new problems which may prove even more difficult of solution. The Soviet government expects that the governments of India and Pakistan, guided by the interests of peace, will , following the immediate cessation of hostilities, withdraw their troops to within the ceasefire 1 ine established by the agreement of 1949, return them to the territory where they were stationed before the start of military operations. There is no other possibility for settling the conflict other than peace- ful talks. As it has been indicated in the messages of the Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers to the Prime Minister of India and the , dated September 4th, the Soviet government is ready to offer its good services if, of course, both sides express a desire of this. The settlement of the conflict is primarily the concern of India and Pakistan. But in the situation that is taking shape much depends also on other states. One should realise the extend of the danger with which these events are fraught, display restraint and a feeling of responsibility. All states should exert efforts to end the conflict and the bloodshed. The whole world, all states should warn those who facilitate the fanning of the conflict by their incendiary statements and by their policy that they thereby assume grave responsibility for such a policy, for such actions. No government has any right to add fuel to the flames. One should stop the dangerous development of events. Peace on the borders between India and Pakistan must triumph."

TASS, September 13, 1965 V

3 East 64th Street, New York 21, N. Y. • Telephone: TRafalgar 9-7800

September 15, 1965 PAKISTAN LOSES 260 TANKS CRACK ARMOURED REGIMENT DESTROYED

Official sources stated in New Delhi on September 15 that Pakistan has lost 260 tanks destroyed, damaged or captured. The sources put Pakistan aircraft loses at 48 up to last Saturday (September 11). An official spokesman said that 85 Pakistani tanks were put out of action in the Sialkot battle sector in the past week.

The London Times (September 13) published a despatch from its Special Correspondent datelined Amritsar, September 12, which saidt Indian troops won a telling victory between Amritsar and Ferozepore this weekend when they encircled and almost wiped out a regiment of tanks of Pakistan's armoured division. The division had not been in action before and it is Pakistan's strongest weapon in the present battles of destruction.

That its first attack has been held and mauled, with the divisional commander believed killed and other senior officers killed and captured, has increased confidence in India that in this phase of the fighting the Pakistan Army can be crippled.

The battle was fought on Friday night and into Saturday morning and it began with the Indian withdrawal announced on Friday, That retreat of infantry, which had come into contact with heavy Pakistan armour, led the Pakistanis into Indian territory but into a trap. Indian tanks and infantry were waiting on the flanks and between the armour and tank-hunting parties of infantry coming to close quarters with grenades in the darkness the Pakistan tanks were helpless. About 15 tanks were abandoned by their crews and are now being collected from the battlefield. The springing of the trap also caught the Pakistan divisional commander and staff officers. It is believed that he was killed but his body was recovered by his men. The body »f the area artillery commander was picked up by the Indians and a number of senior officers were captured.

There is very little in Amritsar to suggest that battles are being fought some 20 miles away. There are no great number of troops about, the citizens go about their business. They have become accustomed to daily sorties by Pakistan aircraft, usually fighters which have been diving to strafe targets on the edge of the town.

( ... 2) -2-

Christian Science Monitor (September 14) carried a report headlined "India Reports Gains" from a special correspondent in New Delhi. This report said: Firsthand accounts collected from officers engaged in Kasur and Sialkot sectors of the say sometimes the advancing Indian units don't know what to do about the abrupt disintegration of enemy forces.

According to one officer, the Pakistan infantry refuses to advance unless it can see heavy screening armor in front or its own planes above. As a result, thrusting armored units become isolated and get "cut up" piecemeal. Strategically, Pakistan-'ihas been diversifying its tank forcesj whose superiority rests on heavier armor and greater firepower. This evidently is in response to India's many thrusts across the border last week which evidently are not expected to go anywhere or do anything more than tie down opposing forces and attract more and more "heavy hardware" to places and at times of Indian choosing.

The most encredible of all news to Indians in the last 48 hours is the reported capture of 32 Patton tanks intact in two separate engagements.

In one of them Pakistan's crack Fourth Cavalry regiment has been reported as destroyed and many senior officers captured. There are foreign observers here who flatly refuse to accept these stories. To this an official spokesman has said that correspondents soon may get an opportunity for verification on the ground. Some Indian public-opinion rousers are demanding that the tanks be paraded through streets of New Delhi. A sober government and a busy army are unlikely to oblige right now. At a week-end military briefing, an Indian correspondent asked if the government would request ammunition from the United States so that captured Pattons could be redeployed "from our side." This flippancy was rebuked, Meanwhile, the government is emphasizing that one battle doesn't end a war, that hard days are ahead, with even some possible temporary setbacks. As some foreign observers discover that India's Chief of Staff, Gen» J. Choudhuri, is among the world's six top experts on armor and tank deployment, the weekend results would inevitably seem to lead to the conclusion that India will have to go deeper into Pakistan territory to hunt for the remains of the blunted armored divisions. * -x- * * * PRESS-RELEASE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS

MISSION TO THE UNITED NATIONS 4 AO 136 EAST 67th STREET, NEW YORK 21, N. Y. v September 15,1965

KOSYGIN'S MESSAGE TO L.B.SHASTRI, INDIA'S PREMIER

"Esteemed Mr. Premier, The seriousness of the situation, which has taken shape lately in Kashmir, impells me to approach you once again on a question on which the Soviet government expressed its opinion in the letter °f August 20 this year.

Unfortunately, tension in the Kashmir region, far from easing, on the contrary is growing, threatening to develop into a military conflict on a bigger scale. The agreement on a ceasefire in Kashmir, signed in 1949, and the establish^ ceasefire line have, in fact/ been violated. Both Pakistani and Indian regular military units have been involved into military operations, and tanks and aircraft are being used. The number of casualties is increasing from day to day. Not only soldiers but civilians are dying. Two major states of Asia, India and Pakistan, the sponsors of the Bandung Conference have essentially taken to the road of conduc- ting military operations.

The tendency to a further extension of the armed conflict aggravates the already tense situation in South-East Asia, created by the aggression of American imperialism. Such developments, of course, play only into the hands of those external forces that seek to disunite and set at loggerheads states which cast off the colonial yoke, that are interested in weakening the unity of the Afro-Asian countries. These forces are not averse to instigating India and Pakistan to an extension of bloodshed for the sake of their ends that have nothing in common with the interests of the Indian and Pakistani peoples.

We would not be frank if we did not say that the military conflict in Kashmir arouses the anxiety of the Soviet government also because it flared up in a region immediately adjacent to the frontiers of the Soviet Union.

I think that you, Mr. Premier, agree that in the present serious situation one should hardly place in the foreground the question of the causes of the flaring u^of the conflict and find out who is right and who is guilty. The main efforts must/boncontrated on an immediate discontinuance of military operations, on halting the tanks and making the guns be silent.

The settlement of the conflict between the two neighbouring countries, above all, is a matter for those countries and their governments. However, the Soviet government, guided by the interest of strengthening peace and international security, seeking to promote normalization of the relations between India and - 2 -

Pakistan, would like to set out some considerations concerning the settlement of the conflict. In our opinion, the first step after the immediate cessation of hostilities could be reciprocal withdrawal of troops to within the ceasefire line established by the agreement between India and Pakistan in July 1949. Acting in the spirit of the U.N.Charter and the principles of Bandung, the sides should enter into negotiations for a peaceful settlement of the differences that have arisen between them. As for the Soviet Union/ both sides could count on its good cooperation or, as it is said, good offices in this matter. We are ready for this, if both sides consider this useful. We are convinced, and historical experience bears this out, that any disputes, including questions connected with Kashmir, can best be settled by peaceful means only. . The military way cannot lead to their solution. Intensification of military operations by one side inevitably leads to a greater military effort by the other, and the result is, extension of the conflict and, who knows, perhaps also was. India has more than once demonstrated in practice its devotion to the policy of peace and peaceful coexistence. This warrants us to hope that in this case too, over Kashmir, wise and prudent statesmanship will be displayed. Life shows that the flanks of war are best extinguished at the very beginning. Restraint and goodwill unquestionably will make it possible to prevent the developments from taking a dangerous turn and find a peaceful solution to the conflict that has developed in the region of Kashmir. The Soviet government also found it necessary to address a corresponding letter to the President of Pakistan Mr. Ayub Khan. Respectfully, A.Kosygin

Moscow, September 4, 1965". PRESS-RELEASE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS MISSION TO THE UNITED NATIONS 136 EAST 67th STREET, NEW YORK 21, N. Y. #49 September 15,1965

KOSYGIN'S MESSAGE TO MOHAMMED AYUB KHAN, PAKISTAN'S PRESIDENT

"Esteemed Mr. President, The seriousness of the situation that is taking shape in Kashmir lately, impells me to approach you once again on the question about which the Soviet government has expressed its opinion in the letter of August 20 of this year. Unfortunately, the tension in the Kashmir- area, far from easing, on the contrary is growing, threatening to develop into a military conflict of a bigger scale. The agreement on a ceasefire in Kashmir, signed in 1949, and the established ceasefire line have in fact been violated. Both Pakistani and Indian regular military units have been involved in the military operations, and tanks and aircraft are being used. The number of casualties is increasing from day to day

Not only soldiers, but civilians too are perishing. Two major states of Asia/ India and Pakistan, sponsors of the Bandung Conference/ have actually embarked upon the road of military operations. The tendency to further expand the armed conflict aggravates the already tense situation in South-East Asia, created by the aggression of American imperialism. Such developments, of course, play only into the hands of the external forces that seek to disunite and set at loggerheads the states that have thrown off the colonial yoke, forces which are interested in weakening the unity of the Afro- Asian countries. These forces are no- averse to instigating India and Pakistan to extend the bloodshed for the sake of their ends which have nothing in common with the interests of the Indian and Pakistani peoples. We would not be frank if we did not say that the military conflict in Kashmir arouses the anxiety of the Soviet government both because it has broken out in an area directly adjacent to the frontiers of the Soviet Union.

I think that you, Mr. President, will agree that in the present serious situation one should hardly put to the fore the question of causes behind the conflict or seek who is right and who is wrong. The main efforts must be concen- trated on the immediate discontinuance of military operations, to stop the tanks and to silence the guns. — 2 -

The settlement of the conflict between the two neighbouring countries is, above all, the business of these countries and their governments. However, the Soviet government, guided by the interests of strengthening peace and inter- national security, seeking to promote the normalization of relations between India and Pakistan, would like to put forth some considerations concerning the settlement of the conflict. In our opinion the first step after the immediate cessation of hostilities could be reciprocal withdrawal of troops to .within the ceasefire line established by the agreement between India and Pakistan in July 1949. Acting in the spirit of the United Nations Charter and the principles of Bandung, the sides should enter into negotiations for a peaceful settlement of the differences that have arisen between them. As for the Soviet Union, both sides could count on its good cooperation or, as it is said, good offices in this matter. We are ready for this, if both sides consider this useful. We are deeply convinced, and historial experience bears this out, that any disputes, including questions connected with Kashmir, can best be settled by peaceful means only. The military way cannot lead to their solution. Intensification of military operations by one side inevitably leads to a greater military effort by the other, and the result is extension of the conflict and, who knows, perhaps also war. That the has sought, especially of late, to direct its efforts to the maintenance of world peace warrants us to hope, Mr. President, that the government of Pakistan, in connection with the latest events in Kashmir, will take all measures within its power to end the hostilities in the area and settle the conflict by peaceful means. Life shows that the flames of war are best extinguished at the very beginning. Restraint and goodwill unquestionably will make it possible to prevent the developments from taking a dangerous turn and find a peaceful solution to the conflicttfiat has developed in the region of Kashmir. The Soviet government also found it necessary to address a correspond ing letter to the Prime Minister of India Mr. Shastri. Respectfully, A.Kosygin Moscow, September 4,19 65 ". PAKISTAN MISSION TO THE UNITED NATIONS PAKISTAN HOUSE PBESS HEIB/I8B

September 16, 196?

PRESIDENT AYUB CALLS OH U.S. TO USE ITS INFLUENCE TO END

RAWALPINDI, September 15, 1965'- President Mohammad ^yub Khan today called for a "purposeful" cease- fire of Pakistan's war with India that will guarantee the • right of s.elf-deterrnination to the people of Kashmir and Jammu. Unless such plebiscite is guaranteed, "Pakistan is determined to continue the struggle," the President declared. In a press conference. President Ayub Khan also called on the United States to exercise their "enormous in- fluence" to bring about an end to the hostilities between Pakistan and India. The President once again declared Pakistan's ad- herence to a three-point program for a permanent settlement of the Kashmir conflict providing for (1) cease-fire of the armed hostilities, (2) demilitarization of Kashmir and (3) a plebiscite of the people of Jammu and Kashmir under the auspices of the United Nations. Pakistan, President Ayub said, was engaged in a "battle of survival" and could not tolerate "aggression or concentration of an in positions from where they can threaten Pakistan's soil at will". Referring to the deeper roots of the conflict between Pakistan and India, President Ayub pointed out that a Hindu society (prevalent in India) ridden by a rigid caste system made it impossible for Muslims (predominant religion in Kashmir) to exist and grow. Recalling that the 19^-7 partition of the subcontinent was motivated by a desire to permit the people of different religions to develop according to their own convictions, the President added, "it was unthinkable that the two countries, geographically placed as they were, could visualize a war of annihilation against each other." While the President denied that Pakistan was a "theocratic" state he emphasized, Pakistan's desire to become "a modern state retaining the spiritual and moral contents of Islamic civilization". President Ayub Khan expressed his regrets that Indian leadership had "not accepted the fact of partition" and is continuously engaged in "machinations against Pakistan, seeking to cripple her economically and to reduce her to a state of vassalage". He stated that "India's attempt to grab Pakistan was part of that same strategy". "India was honour-bound to hold a plebiscite in the state of Jammu and Kashmir", President Ayub Khan continued, but instead "India had tried to absorb it through oppression and inequitable laws." He said that the recent events in Indian-held Kashmir were the result of a "spontaneous uprising of the people who had been denied the right of determining their own future for the last 18 years as a result of Indian's breach of her pledged word". .. . Mor e - 2 -

It was natural, President Ayub Ixhan continued, that Kashmiris living on the Pakistani side, mostly,"war veterans" should get agitated over what happened to their Muslim brothers on the Indian side. "They are no agitators but sons of the soil having a common stake in future of their homeland", the President added. The President recounted successive acts of aggression perpetrated by India against Azad territory (Pakistani-held Kashmir) that started as early as May of this year followed by further Indian acts of aggression across the international cease-fire line on Pakistan herself. The President said that these were premeditated acts of aggression. Recalling his efforts to establish a "working friendship" with India, President Ayub Khan recounted his visit to New Delhi to impress upon the late Indian Prime Minister Nehru that it was in the interest of both countries, especially India, to haye good neighbourly relations on the basis of equality and fair settlement of the Kashmir issue. He said that he had tried to impress the same attitude on Nehru's successor, Shastri, but to no avail. Referring to the possibility of United States in- tervention on behalf of a settlement, the President said: "The United States has a role to play on the Indo-Pakistan subcontinent and a lot of influence in India and should come out directly and positively for a just and peaceful solution of the dispute between Pakistan and India." He also said that the "British Commonwealth had a role to play in the conflict, perhaps a greater role than others in view of Pakistan's and India's membership in the Commonwealth." Concluding his press conference, the President said that he relied on "good common sense" to end the present conflict but that, if Pakistan were left without a choice, it would "continue the fight to its bitter end."

0000000 3 East 64th Street, New York 21, N. Y. • Telephone: TRafalgar 9-7800

September 16, 1965

PRESS NOTE-

There have been misleading reports about India's attitude towards the Secretary-General's efforts to bring about a cessation of hostilities between India and Pakistan. The Permanent Mission of India to the United Nations is authorized to state that the

Prime Minister of India informed the Secretary-General before the

latter's departure from India that India was ready to order a

cease-fire and cessation of hostilities as proposed by the Secretary-

General as soon as he was able to confirm to the Prime Minister of

India that the Government of Pakistan had agreed to do so as well.

The Prime Minister of India further stated that the actual time

when the cease-fire would become effective, would depend upon the

time when the Secretary-General was able to convey to him the

agreement of the Government of Pakistan to a cease-fire. 3 East 64th Street, New York 21, N. Y. • Telephone: TRafalgar 9-7800

TEXT OF MESSAGE FROM THE PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA DATED THE. 20TH SEPTEMBER. 1965. TO H.E. U THANT

"As already communicated to you in my letter of 15th

September, 1965, I am willing to order a simple cease fire and cessation of hostilities on being informed of Pakistan's agreement to do likewise. To carry into effect such a cease fire from 7 A.M. GMT on Wednesday, 22nd September, as provided in the Security Council Resolution, it would be necessary for me to arrange for the issue of necessary orders to field Commanders by 12 noon GMT on 21st September. I would, therefore, request you kindly to inform me of Pakistan's agreement to cease fire before this hour." UNITED .NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y, (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/566 SC/P759 20 September 1965

STATEMENT BY SECRETARY-GENERAL IN SECURITY COUNCIL OH 20 SEPTEMBER

Following is the text of the statement made by the Secretary-General, U Thant, in the Security Council on 20 September 1$6~5;

"I have asked for the floor to clarify two points — one raised by distinguished representative of India, Minister Chagla, in his intervention at the Council's twelve hundred and thirty-ninth meeting, and the other by the dis- tinguised representative of Malaysia, at the twelve hundred and forty-first meeting. "In his statement to the Security Council on 17 September, the representative of India referred to a paragraph in the message which I addressed to President Ayub Khan and to Prime Minister Shastri on 15 September, the text of which is contained on page 10 of my preliminary report (8/6685). In his statement, he observed that, whereas the President of Pakistan had stated conditions with regard to the cease-fire, the Government of India had stated no conditions whatsoever. I feel that I owe the Council a clarification of the circumstances in which my message of 15 September was written and delivered to the Heads of Government. "I was taking off from New Delhi airport at 1^30 hours on 15 September and had therefore to leave for the airport at 13^-5 hours. My third message, dated 15 September, wa.s an identical appeal to the two Heads of Government which had been drafted, typed and signed before the reply of Prime Minister Shastri was received at about 1J10 hours on 15 September. The message had already been sent to Rawalpindi so that it could be delivered to President Ayub Khan at the same time as it was given to Prime Minister Shastri. It was written, as the text makes clear, in the light of the replies of the two Heads of Government to my message of 12 September. "At the twelve hundred and forty-first meeting of the Council yesterday, the distinguished delegate of Malaysia referred to the above-mentioned matter raised by the representative of India and referred further to my letter to the two Heads (more) - 2 - Press Release SG/SM/366 SC/2759 20 September 1965 of Government of 14 September, written after I had received the replies to my message of 12 September. I can only say to the distinguished delegate of Malaysia that I interpreted the first reply of Ik September from Prime Minister Shastri as being a conditional acceptance of the cease-fire. "It was for this reason that I sent my second request for a cease-fire on 1^ September, to which I received on 15 September from the Prime Minister of India confirmation of his willingness to order a simple cease-fire and cessation of hostilities. "I might perhaps have made allusion to these matters in my second report, but it seemed to me that the texts of the exchanges with the Heads of Government put before the Council in my preliminary report spoke for themselves." <*/ UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/366 SC/P759 20 September 1965

STATEMENT BY SECRETARY-GENERAL IN SECURITY COUNCIL OH 20 SEPTEMBER

Following is the text of the statement made by the Secretary-General, U Thant, in the Security Council on 20 September 1965:

"I have asked for the floor to clarify two points — one raised by the distinguished representative of India, Minister Chagla, in his intervention at the Council1s twelve hundred and thirty-ninth meeting, and the other by the dis- tinguised representative of Malaysia, at the twelve hundred and forty-first meeting. "In his statement to the Security Council on 17 September, the representative of India referred to a paragraph in the message which I addressed to President Ayub Khan and to Prime Minister Shastri on 15 September, the text of which is contained on page 10 of my preliminary report (8/6685). In his statement, he observed that, whereas the President of Pakistan had stated conditions with regard to the cease-fire, the Government of India had stated no conditions whatsoever. I feel that I owe the Council a clarification of the circumstances in which my message of 15 September was written and delivered to the Heads of Government. "I was taking off from New Delhi airport at 1^30 hours on 15 September and had therefore to leave for the airport at 13^-5 hours. My third message, dated 15 September, was an identical appeal to the two Heads of Government which had been drafted, typed and signed before the reply of Prime Minister Shastri was received at about 1310 hours on 15 September. The message had already been sent to Rawalpindi so that it could be delivered to President Ayub Khan at the same time as it was given to Prime Minister Shastri. It was written, as the text makes clear, in the light of the replies of the two Heads of Government to my message of 12 September. "At the twelve hundred and forty-first meeting of the Council yesterday, the distinguished delegate of Malaysia referred to the above-mentioned matter raised by the representative of India and referred further to my letter to the two Heads (more) - 2 - Press Release SG/SM/366 SC/2759 20 September 1965 of Government of 14 September, written after I had received the replies to my message of 12 September. I can only say to the distinguished delegate of Malaysia that I interpreted the first reply of Ik September from Prime Minister Shastri as being a conditional acceptance of the cease-fire. "It was for this reason that I sent my second request for a cease-fire on Ik September, to which I received on 15 September from the Prime Minister of India confirmation of his willingness to order a simple cease-fire and cessation of hostilities. "I might perhaps have made allusion to these matters in my second report, but it seemed to me that the texts of the exchanges with the Heads of Government put before the Council in my preliminary report spoke for themselves."

# ### * CANADIAN MISSION TO THE UNITED NATIONS Statement by the SSEA September 23, 1965 Indo-Pakistan Cease-Fire

The Secretary of State for External Affairs, the Honourable Paul Martin, today welcomed the cease-fire which appears now to have become fully effective between India and Pakistan as a result of the acceptance by both countries of the Security Council resolution of September 20th. Mr, Martin said th~t Canada was glad to have been in a position to respond immediately to the Secretary General's recuest for increased Canadian participation in UNMOGIP and expressed the hope that the Military Observer Group will make a contribution to restoring peace. Canada is urgently considering additional requests. Mr. Martin pointed out that the expansion of the military observation mission is only one aspect of what the United Nations may do to assist the two countries and he expressed the hope that the United Nations will be successful in further easing tensions and working towards a lasting solution of the problem which has beset the relations between India and Pakistan over the past seventeen years. UNITED NATIONS Press Services ; Office of Public Info-nufftion United Haticaaa, N.Y- (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA. — HOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Note No. 3213 k October 1965

NOCK TO COSRESPOJOTTOS

George L» Sherry of the United Nations Secretariat left United Nations Headquarters on Saturday> 2 October, to asstune the position of Adviser to the Chief Officer of United Nations India-P&kistan Observation Mission* Mr. Sherry has been transferred from his assignment with the United Nations Peace-keeping Force in Cyprus.

* ##* * UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/1681 4 December 1965

SECRETARY-GENERAL*S REPRESENTATIVE ON IBS QUESTION OF THE WITHDRAWAL OF TROOPS IN THE INDIA PAKISTAN SITUATION LEAVES TONIGHT

The Secretary-General has announced that Brigadier-General Tulio Marambio of Chile, his Representative on the question of the withdrawal of troops in the India Pakistan situation, will leave tonight for Lahore. General Marsinbio will meet with representatives of India and Pakistan for the purpose of formulating an agreed plan and schedule for the withdrawal of troops as envisaged in paragraph 3 of the resolution of the Security Council, dated 5 November 19<$5- The General -will "be accompanied by Miguel A. Marin, of the Security Council Department, who is Principal Secretary of the mission.

T» TV*X "Jv iff U 8 X 9 fiD NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, H.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AJT OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/1681 k December 1965

SECRETARY^GENERAL'S REPRESENTATIVE ON THE QUESTION OF THE WITHDRAWAL OF TROOPS IN THE INDIA PAKISTAN SITUATION LEAVES TONIGHT

The Secretary-General has announced that Brigadier-General Tulio Marambio of Chile, his Representative on the question of the withdrawal of troops in the India Paldstan situation, vill leave tonight for Lahore. General Marsmbio td.ll meet with representatives of India and Pakistan for the purpose of formulating an agreed plan and schedule for the withdrawal of troops as envisaged in paragraph 3 of the resolution of the Security Council, dated 5 November 19o5« The General will "be accompanied "by Miguel A. Marin, of the Security Council Department, who is Principal Secretary of the mission.

* ##* * UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Hations,.M.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Note No. 3250 10 December 1965

NOTE TO CORRESPONDENTS

Mohammed Ayub Khan, President of the Republic of Pakistan, vill visit United Nations Headquarters on Manday, 13 December, to meet with the Secretary- General, U lhant, and address the General Assembly. President Ayub will be accompanied by , Minister for Foreign Affairs of Pakistan, and Syed Amjad Ali, Permanent Representative to the United Nations. The President and his party will arrive at the Secretariat entrance at 12:55 p.m., where he will be greeted outside the building by Pierre de Meulemeester, Chief of Protocol, and inside the building by the Secretary- General, Tne President and the Secretary-General will hold a private conversation in the latter's office on the thirty-eighth floor, from 1:00 to 1:15 p.m. The Pakistani President will then attend a luncheon given in his honour by the Secretary-General. At 2:40 p.m., President Ayub will meet the members of the African-Asian Group in Conference Room ^, where he will be greeted by the Chairman of the Group, Tesfaye Gebre-Egzy, Permanent Representative of Ethiopia. At 3:15 P-m. the President of Pakistan will address a plenary meeting of the General Assembly. He will leave United Nations Headquarters at 3:^5 p.m., through the Delegates' Entrance.

# ##•* * UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/U22 k January

STATEMENT BY THE SECRETARY-aF.HEP.^L,|U THAHT, ON THE DEATH OF GENERAL ROBERT H. NIMMO IN RAWALPINDI

"I learned with great sadness during the night of 5/k January of the death, in Rawalpindi^ Pakistan, of Robert H. Nimrao, the Chief Mili- tary Observer of the United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan. "On learning of General Nimmo's death, I immediately sent a message of con- dolence to the General's widow and other members of the family. "General Nimmo served the United Nations as Chief Military Observer in India and Pakistan for more than 15 years, having been appointed by Secretary- General Txygve Lie on 28 October 1950. He was a devoted servant of peace and never (spared himself in the performance of his very difficult and exacting task. He gave many years of valiant and distinguished service to the United Nations, notable particularly for his integrity, objectivity and fearlessness. "General Niramo's wisdom, judgement and strength of character were comple- mented by a modesty, kindness and calmness which endeared him to the officers of many nationalities who served under him as military observers, and to all those with whom he worked both in the field and at United Nations Headquarters. The most difficult and dangerous situations did not ruffle his composure or affect at all his objectivity and determination to establish the true facts of a situation* I had great personal admiration for him as a man of fine character and of the highest ideals of public service." U U I T E D NATIONS Press Services O'ffice of Public Information United Nations, H.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA. — HOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/1685 IP/5 5

MESSAGES OF CONDOLENCE FROM INDIA AND PAKISTAN ON DEATH OF GENERAL IlMMQ

The Secretary-General, U Thant, has received the following official messages concerning the death, on k January, of Lieutenant-General R.H. Nimmo, Chief Military Observer of the United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan: (a) A telegram, dated 4 January 1966, from the Defence Minister of India, Y.W. Chavan: "The- Prime' Minister and I have learnt with deep regret the sad news of the death of Lieutenant-General Nimmo. He helped to maintain peace along the Cease- Fire Line in Jammu and Kashmir for many years. He won our esteem "by his fair- mindedness and by the fearless discharge of his onerous duties. He was a gallant soldier who served the United Nations, India and Pakistan well." (b) A telegram,dated k January 1966, from the Acting Foreign Secretary of Pakistan, Agha Shani: "I have the honour to convey to Your Excellency the sorrow of the Government of Pakistan at the sudden death of General R.H. Nimmo, Chief Military Observer of UNMOGIP. The United Nations has lost an international public servant of out- standing ability ancl devotion to duty. The Government of Pakistan acknowledges the most valuable contribution made by General Nimmo as Chief of UNMOGIP to the peace-keeping efforts of the United Nations in Jammu and Kashmir. I have the honour to express to Your Excellency, to the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia, to Mrs. Nimmo and to the General's family the sincere sympathy of my Government. Accept, Excellency, the assurances of my highest consideration." (c) A letter, dated k January 1966, from the Permanent Representative of India, G.P. Parthasarathi: "It is with the deepest regret that we have'learnt of the sudden passing away of General Nimmo, Chief of the United Nations Military Advisers Group in Jammu and Kashmir. (more) - 2 - Press Release SG/1685 IP/5 5 January 19&5

' "I have been requested "by General Chaudhuri, Chief of the Army Staff, to convey to you his sincere condolences of himself and all ranks on the sudden death of General Nimmo. In his message General Chaudhuri says: 'He carried out his peeee-keeping task with zeal and integrity and yet was sympathetic, under- standing and friendly to everyone he dealt with. A great gentleman has left us.r "I shall be grateful if our condolences are conveyed to General Himmo's family. "Please accept, Excellency, the renewed assurances of my highest considera- tion." (d) A telegram, dated 5 January 1966, from the President of India, S. Radhakrishnan: "We in India have learnt with deep sorrow of the passing away of Lieutenant- General Wimtno. His sudden death is a great loss, not only to the United Nations on whose behalf he has so ably supervised the cease-fire in Kashmir, but also to our country where he had made so many friends. I personally, and on behalf of the people of India, offer heartfelt condolences on his untimely demise." (e) A letter, dated 5 January, from the Permanent Representative of Pakistan, Syed Amjid Ali: "I was deeply grieved to learn of the sudden death of Lieutenant-General Robert H. Nimmo, Chief Military Observer of the United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan. "General Himmo, who had a long and distinguished career in the Australian Army, carried out the arduous task assigned to him. by the United Nations with great diligence and devotion to duty. He made many friends in Pakistan during the last 15 years and I know that he will be greatly missed by them. "May I request you to kindly convey my heartfelt condolences to Mrs. Nimmo and other members of his family? "Please accept, Excellency, the assurances of my highest consideration." UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/1686 IP/T 6 January 1966

SECRETARY-GENERAL RECEIVES MESF'^ES OF CONDOLENCE ON DEATH OF GENERAL NIMMO

The Secretary-General., U Thant,' has received the following further 'Official messages concerning the death of Lieutenant-General R.H. Nimmo:

(a) Telegram, dated 6 January 1966, from the Prime Minister of India, Lai Bahadur Shastri: "I have learnt with deep sorrow of the sudden demise at Rawalpindi of General Nimmo, Chief of the United Nations Military Observers Group for India and Pakistan-. General Nimmo served in this capacity for 16 years and rendered invaluable service to the United Nations and to the cause of peace. The fact that for so many years until a few months ago, peace, however uneasy, was maintained along, the Cease-Fire Line in Kashmir, was not a little due to General Nimmo's persistence and faithful discharge of his duties. In his death the United Nations has lost a valuable servant and,in the cause of peace, a devoted soldier. Our sincere condolences to you and to the members of General NimmoTs family and to his colleagues." (b) Telegram, dated 6 January 1966, from the Minister of External Affairs of India, Swaran Singh: "I have learnt with profound sorrow of the sudden death of General Nimmo in Rawalpindi. General Nimmo was associated with the United Nations as Chief of United Nations Observers in J.ammu and Kashmir for 16 years during which time he rendered great service to the United Nations and to the cause of peace. We shall remember him as a devoted servant of the United Nations and a fine gentleman who gave the best years of his life to the cause of peace on the Indian sub-continent. I convey to you my sincere condolences on General Nimmo's death. Please convey my sympathies and condolences to Mrs. Nimmo."

* ### •* UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y« (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AK OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/^9 10 January 1966

STATEMENT BY THE SECRETARY-GENERAL ON THE DEATH _H-.I _i_.- _L- ..-j__uj_-j. _ ir^i-,- -_ji_ . j..i. an i- «-_i r--_ -_i—:,- --.-., T r -T —" Jl -" ~. »• OF PRIME MINISTER IAL BAHADUR SHASTRI OF INDIA

It is with, the deepest, sense of"-shock that'I "have-learned, of'the sudden and untimely death of Mr. Lai Bahadur Shastri,. Prime Minister of India, Not India alone, nor Asia- alone, but the whole-world will mourn " Mr. Shastri's passing* The United. Nations mil -carry a full share-of that burden of grief,,. and I. am. sure that I can speak for-the-Organization-as a wholef as well as on my own "behalf, ia 'expressing to-his family, to the Government-of. India .and to the Indian, nation our most, heartfelt condolences «._ Prime Minister Shastri .gave-his great-country "guidance and leadership which helped it not only to approach with renewed vigour-its immense- taslis-of" social and economic improvement,, but alao to exert with undiminished determination at the international level its powerful..influence'Tor "the good of all mankind. Ee led his--country-La maintaining--and-enhancing its p^sition~as--one- of the- most loyal supporters of the United Nations. I mourn the loss of Prime -Minister Shastri.as a-statesman with--whom. I..had. so recently !been • directly-engaged In .negotiations to resolve the conflict which.had disturbed Ms country' s .relations with Pakistan, -as-ft..fellow-Aaian^. and as a warm and.good friend. Eis-death -has. come all 'the-morc- as a shock, becaurre-it has f allowed, s©-- closely-upon his--signing of the " Declaration" with President Ayub Khan of Pakistan. I had whole-heartedly -welcomed' •th±s-^eclaratim,..in~vhich-' the two"leaders -expressed their firm resolve to restore normal and peaceful, relations between their two c-ountries, reaffirming..their- -fibligations-under - the -Charter-of' the Unitred "nations, not to resort to the use of force to-settle their disputes and agreeing to the withdrawal .of'"their• Te6pective"trcopsr~to • positions held "before 5 'August 1965. The withdrawal, as .is well - knrwrv Is in conformity with the' Security Council's, resolution..of "20 -September 1965.-(S/669T)* (more) UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA -- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/^0 11 January 1966

MESSAGE FROM SECRETARY -GENERA"- TO PRESIDENT OF INDIA

N The Secretary-General, U Thant, sent the following cable of condolences yesterday to the President of the Republic of India, Sarvapelli Radhajrishnan:

"I have learned with the deepest feelings of shock and grief of the sudden death of Prime Minister Lai Bahadur Shastri. His passing constitutes a profound loss, not only to his family and to his country, but also to Asia and the whole world. It is felt with special sadness in the United Nations where, under his leadership of the Government, India has continued and strengthened its loyal support of the United Nations. "The shock of Prime Minister Shastri's death is all the harder to bear because it followed so closely upon his last great act of statesmanship in sign- ing, with President Ayub Khan of Pakistan, the . I grieve for him personally as one who came to know his qualities best in my recent direct discussions with him concerning the painful conflict between India and Pakistan, and also as a fellow Asian and a warm and good friend. "Pleace accept and*convey to Mrs. Shastri and their family, and to the Government and people of India, my most heartfelt condolences."

* *#* # UNITED HAT IONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA •-- NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

• • . Press Release SG/SM/^51 .... . 11 January 1966

MESSAGES FROM SECIg:TARYrC-^BAL^qiTnTASK!a!NT DECLARATION

Following are the texts of cables sent yesterday, 10'January 1966, "by the Secretary-General,. U Thant, to the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Aleksei

"The measures agreed upon in Tashkent are an important step towards

establishing a stable peace between, India and Pakistan. I also note with grt.a'u satisfaction the willingness of the Governments to continue meetings on matters of direct concern to youx country and Pakistan, and express the hope that this continued contact will lead to a lasting settlement of the problems involved end thus help the cause of peace between India and Pakistan and in the region as a whole." Cable to President Ayub Khan. "I have learned with great satisfaction of the measures agreed upon and embodied in the Tashkent Declaration. I am gratified by the conciliatory spirit and determined efforts applied by "both sides to the attainment of these points of agreement. I attach special importance tc the fact that, in accordance with the United Nations Charter, the parties to the Tashkent.Declaration renounce the use of force in the settlement of disputes, and that in conformity with the appropri- ate resolution of the Security Council, they have agreed to the withdrawal of all armed personnel. "The measures agreed upon in Tashkent are an important step towards establishing a stable peace between Pakistan.and India. I also note with great satisfaction your willingness to continue meetings on matters of direct concern to your country and India, and express the hope that this continued contact will lead to a lasting settlement of the problems involved and thus help the cause of peace between Pakistan and India and in the region as a whole."

-X-K-X- UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, 1LY. (FOR USE'OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AH OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release IP/11 29 January 1966

REPRESENTATIVES OF INDIA, PAKISTAN AMD UNITED NATIONS SIGN AGREEMENT OK THE WITHDRAWAL OF ARMED PERSQMgL

(The following information, received from a United Nations official accom- panying the Secretary-General's Representative in India, was issued simultaneously today in New Delhi and Karachi )

A final document setting forth an agreement for the withdrawal by India and Pakistan of their armed personnel was signed today in Lahore at the joint meeting of military representatives of the tvo countries under the auspices of Ganeral Tulio Marambio, Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations, who was assisted "by Miguel A. Marin, Principal Secretary. The representatives of India were Lieutenant-General ,and Lisutenant-Colonel T.S. Padde. The representatives of Pakistan were Lieutenant-General Bakhtiar Rana and Brigadier Gul Hassan Khan. The first of such meetings was convened on 2 January by General Marambio, and subsequent meetings were held alternately in Lahore and Amritsar on January 6, 15, 25 and 29. The preamble to the Agreement signed today .-recalls that the Security Council on 20 September 1965 called for withdrawal of all armed personnel of India and Pakistan back to positions held by them before 5 August 1965, and that on

5 November 1965} the Council demanded the prompt and unconditional execution of the proposal already agreed to in principle by the two Governments that their representatives meet with a representative of the United Nations Secretary-General to formulate an agreed plan and schedule for the withdrawal. The Agreement also recalls that the Prime Minister of India and the President of Pakistan, in their joint declaration of 10 January 1966 at Tashkent, agreed uvrv.t that all armed personnel of their two countries shall withdraw not later than 25 February 1966.

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The document signed today refers to the fact that at a joint meeting of military representatives held on 15 January, the parties agreed on the principles of a plan and schedule for withdrawal for submission to the meeting of the army Chiefs of the two countries. On 22 January, the Commander-in-Chief of the Army of Pakistan and the Chief of Army. Staff of India,agreed on a plan for "disengagement and withdrawal of troops". - Paragraph twenty-six c£ that Agreement stat§d^,ibhat grotmd,.rulgs to.implement withdrawal in western sector were"to be formulated by Lieutenant-General Bakhtiar,Rana of Pakistan and Lieutenant-General Earbaksh Singh of India under the cha.irnBniJb.ip of General Mar?,mbio. Tbs operative part of agreement signed today states that the parties to it have agreed to incorporate in it relevant parts cf the plan of withdrawal agreed to by the two army Chiefs, and to annex to it the ground rules worked out by the joint meeting. The Agreement signed in Lahore is in two parts. Part I dsals -with procedure concerning the immediate disengagement of troops and reduction of tension in two phases. Part II relates to procedure concerning withdrawal of troops from the occupied areas. Clause seventeen of the Agreement provides that any matter on which there is disagreement will be referred to the Commander-in-chief of the Pakistan Array and the Chief of Army Staff, India, for their joint decision, 'if the issue is still not resolved by them, the good offices of Genera]. Marambib will be re- quested for, and his decision will be final and binding on both sides. A subsequent clause records the decision taken at the joint meeting of 25 January that General Marambio's functions in this connexion will cease not later than 28 February 1966.

* ### * U M I T JB! ii NATIONS Press Services Cffi-ie of F ^lic T-; -,iration United Nations, N«Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — HOT AH OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/^53 IP/13 26 February 1966

CONGRATULATORY MESSAGES FROM SECRETARY-GENERAL TO CHIEF OFFICER OF UNIPOM, ACTING CHIEF OBSERVER UNMOGIP AND GENERAL MARAMBIO ON COMPLETION OF FORCES WITHDRAWALS

The following are the texts of messages, dated 26 February 1966, from the Secretary-General to General Tulio Marambio, Representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations in India and Pakistan, Major-General Bruce F. Macdonald, Chief Officer of the United Nations India-Pakistan Observation Mission, and Colonel J.H.J. Gauthier, Acting Chief of the United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan, relating to the completion of the withdrawals of the forces of India and Pakistan to the positions held by them before 5 August 1965.

Text of Message to General Marambio; "Now that the withdrawal of the forces of India and Pakistan to the positions they held before 5 August 1965 has been completed, your assignment has been successfully discharged. On this occasion I wish to express to you my warm appreciation for the great service which you and Mr. Marin have rendered to the United Nations and to the cause of international peace and security. Please accept my congratulations and my best wishes for the future."

Text of Message to Major-General Macdonald; "The completion of the withdrawals of the armed forces of India and Pakistan to the positions they held before 5 August 1965 represents a major step toward the restoration of peace in the sub-continent. The observers and staff of UNIPOM have played a vital role in the achievement of this important gain for international peace and security, and with its achievement they 'have also completed the task entrusted to them by the Security Council.

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Please expresst on my behalf, to all of the observers and staff of UHIPOM my congratulations and my warm appreciation for the work which they have done in the past five months* I know that the conditions have been hard, the problems very difficult and the work at times even dangerous. That UNIPOM has surmounted these obstacles and has completed its task with success is the best tribute that can be paid to you and to your associates. The officers of UNIPOM will soon be leaving the sub-continent to resume service with their national armies. I extend to you and to them my thanks for a job well done and my best wishes for the future,"

Text of Message to Colonel Gauthier; "With the completion of the withdrawals of the forces of India and Pakistan to the positions held by them before 5 August 1965, a very important stage in the restoration of peace in the sub-continent has been completed. The last five months have been among the most difficult in the entire existence of UHMOGIP, and great credit is due to the military observers for the role which they have played in bringing about the present very satisfactory development. I know that the work has been arduous, the problems extremely delicate and the conditions often dangerous. In spite of these obstacles, a successful result has been achieved. I would ask you to express to all of the military observers and staff of UNMCGIP my warm appreciation and congratulations on the fine work they have done during this very difficult period and my best wishes for continuing success in the future."

\A \f *r 'ft 'A K UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, H.Y. (FOR USE OF INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AW OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/455 IP/14 1 March 1966

MESSAGE FROM SECRETARY-GENERAL TO INDIAN PRIME MINISTER REGARDING Wj'.'l'fiERAWAI, OF ARMED FORCES

Following is the text of a letter dated 28 February from the Secretary- General, U T.hant,, to the Prime Minister of India, Mrs. Indira Gandhi, regarding the withdrawal of the armed forces of India to positions held prior to 5 August

"Dear Madame Prime Minister, "Wow that I have been able to report to the Security Council that the armed forces of India and Pakistan have withdrawn to the positions held by them prior to 5 August 19^5 in. response to the calls made by the Security Council in its resolutions of 27 September and 5 November 1965, and in pursuance of the Tashkent Agreement, I wish to express to you my gratification at this important step toward peace. I wish also to express to you my appreciation for the co- operation which your Government has shown to me as Secretary-General, to the Military Observers of UNMOGIP and UNIPOM in the field, and to General Marambio who was charged with the duty of facilitating the withdrawals. "I hope you will permit me to say that the spirit in which the Council's resolutions on withdrawals have been fulfilled and the Tashkent Agreement, swiftly implemented by the Governments of India and Pakistan,, is a source of reassurance for a world too often torn by violence and discord. I know well the difficulties which this conciliatory course of action inevitably entails. That both Govern- ments have surmounted these difficulties and, in doing so, have given to the world an example of statesmanship at its best, is a fact from which the United Nations and all of its Members can take inspiration and encouragement. "May I express the hope that the process of conciliation and accommodation, which has started so well, may continue with the effort to resolve the out- standing differences between the two countries, so that India and Pakistan may live side by side in peace and friendship. I express to you personally, Madame Prime Minister, my warmest good wishes for a peaceful future." * #•*•* * •-•'•'' -UNITED NATIONS Press Services Office of Public Information United Nations, N.Y. (FOR USE OP INFORMATION MEDIA — NOT AN OFFICIAL RECORD)

Press Release SG/SM/%56 IP/15 1 March 1966

MESSAGE FROM SECRETARY-GENERAL TO PRESIDENT OF PAKISTAN REGARDING WIJflDRAWAL OF ARMED FORCES

Following is the text of a letter dated 28 February from the Secretary- General, U Thaut, to the President of Pakistan, Field Marshall Mohammed Ayub Khan, regarding the withdrawal of the armed forces of Pakistan to positions held prior to 5 August 1965:

"Dear Mr. President, "Now that I have been able to report to the Security Council that the armed forces of India and Pakistan have withdrawn to the positions held by them prior to 5 August 1965 in response to the calls made by the Security Council in its resolutions of 27 September and 5 November 1965, and in pursuance of the Tashkent Agreement, I wish to express to you my gratifi- cation at this important step toward peace. I wish also to express to you my appreciation for the co-operation which your Government has shown to me as Secretary-General, to the Military Observers of UNMOGIP and UNIPOM in the field, and to General Marambio who was charged with the duty of facili- tating the withdrawals. "I hope you will permit me to say that the spirit in which the Council's resolutions on withdrawals have been fulfilled and the Tashkent Agreement, swiftly implemented by the Governments of India and Pakistan* is a source of reassurance for a world too often torn by violence and discord. I know well the difficulties which this conciliatory course of action inevitably entails. That both Governments have surmounted these difficulties and, in doing so, have given to the world an example of statesmanship at its best, is a fact from which the United Nations and all of its Members can take inspiration and encouragement.

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"May I express the hope that the process of conciliation and accommoda- tion, which has started so well, may continue with the effort to resolve the outstanding differences between the two countries, so that India and Pakistan may live side by side in peace and friendship. I express to you personally, Mr. President, my warmest good wishes for a peaceful future."

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