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Cultural Landscapes and Management Plan for Cultural And CULTURAL LANDSCAPES AND MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL TOURISM IN PALACES DATING FROM KING RAMA VI’S REIGN By Nantawan Muangyai A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Program of Architectural Heritage Management and Tourism (International Program) Graduate School SILPAKORN UNIVERSITY 2008 The Graduate School, Silpakorn University has approved and accredited the Thesis title of “Cultural Landscapes and Management Plan for Cultural and Historical Tourism in Palaces Dating from King Rama VI’s Reign” submitted by Ms. Nantawan Muangyai as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Architectural Heritage Management and Tourism. …………………………………………………….. (Associate Professor Sirichai Chinatangkul, Ph.D.) Dean of Graduate School .…..……/………..…/……...… The Thesis Advisor Professor Ken Taylor, Ph.D. The Thesis Examination Committee ……………………………………………...Chairman (Professor Emeritus Trungjai Buranasomphob, Ph.D.) …………/…….……………./………… ……………………………………………...Member (Assistant Professor Maneepin Phromsuthirak, Ph.D.) …………/…….……………./………… ……………………………………………...Member (Professor Ken Taylor, Ph.D.) …………/…….……………./………… 48056956: MAJOR: ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE MANAGEMENT AND TOURISM KEYWORDS: CULTURAL LANDSCAPE / CULTURAL HERITAGE / ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE / TOURISM / MANAGEMENT PLAN NANTAWAN MUANGYAI: CULTURAL LANDSCAPES AND MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL TOURISM IN PALACES DATING FROM KING RAMA VI’S REIGN. THESIS ADVISOR: PROFESSOR KEN TAYLOR. 168 pp. Cultural landscape has been commonly known as the correlation or reaction between human culture which is occurred in and is based on natural environs. The concepts of cultural landscape have been broadly applied as they are universally able to identify and answer people’s essence and identity under particular locations. Hence this study of cultural landscapes is to analyze culture and society through architecture of Sanamchandra Palace, Phraramrajniwes Palace, and Mrigadayavan Palace which are from sophisticated initiation and share many aspects in common. They all were accomplished during the reign of King Rama VI, in the same region, and under the same circumstances. Cultural landscapes and their architecture are the key factors explaining how being Thai was affected by the West, especially in positive ways. In addition, as they are now open to public as attractions, appropriate conservation and management plans, including an interpretative component, are prepared as the guidelines for the management and development of the palaces to stimulate visitors’ impression and appreciation with the right understanding of the palaces whose cultural significance should be retained as the pride of being Thai. ______________________________________________________________________ Program of Architectural Heritage Management and Tourism Graduate School, Silpakorn University Academic Year 2008 Student’s signature………………………………………….... Thesis Advisor’s signature…………………………………… c Acknowledgments It is not hard to dream, but it is not that easy to catch a dream. This study is the greatest dream of mine, but it would be just a dream which cannot be real without hand of supporters. My dream is owed to people who helped make this study possible. The first person I would like to express my gratitude is Emeritus Professor Ken Taylor. He led me to the discovery of new kind of knowledge called “cultural landscapes” which is the interest of mine, then is the gist of this study. Without his guidance, kindness and time, I would not be able to own the most valuable heritage of my life—my thesis. I also would like to thank Professor Emeritus Trungjai Buranasomphob. Her initiation and endeavour in the program of Architectural Heritage Management and Tourism stimulate an ordinary person like me to find out my real interest. Another person who is always appreciated by me is Asst. Prof. Dr. Maneepin Phromsuthirak. She was one of the people who gave me clarity in life by accepting me as a member of the lecturers of the Faculty of Arts, Silpakorn University, my second home. Her kindness and time for this study are grateful for me. Without this person, I might still wander to look for my dream, Kreangkrai Kirdsiri, my cousin and friend. He convinced me to learn new things here, the International Program. Though we are at the same age, his advice, in everything I need, is always helpful and practical. I’m indebted. Also, I want to give thanks to all lecturers at this International Program. They all widen my views. I learned and saw valuable things here. I also would like to thank my colleagues at the Faculty of Arts, Silpakorn University who express their care to my student life. They all, especially Sawitree Muangyai, Sani Chartudomdej, Paweena Jarutheeraphan, and Pimalaporn Wongchinsri, are always with me despite my limited time with them. Another group of people who deserve my appreciation comprises Thienrat Sakasupharerk, my old friend and the coordinator of the International Program, and Khun Prapaporn Thuekkuai at the Office of Secretary, Faculty of Arts, Silpakorn University. They made my student life easier and more convenient. My thanks also go to Mr. Pak Sangsila, my first aid, as well as Sunisa Limprasertying and Jaruwan Panitpumipat, my true friends. I would also like to extend my recognition to all of my classmates, especially Jitima Kiatrasmee, who becomes my sister and buddy, Jaray Suwannachart, who becomes my brother, Chonlathit Chalongsappanyu, my comrade and advisor in things about life, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Woralun Boonyasurat, who always gives good things in life to others, Tanwutta Thaisuntud, a fun guy who can give good thoughts, Isaree Baedcharoen, my lovely sister in the North, Vimalin Virojtrirat, my best companion, Yodpol Utaipat and Pairin Wechtanyakul, my nice friends, Waranan Sowannee, Donruetai Kovattanakul, and Alisa Dechar, my lovely sisters, and all members of the “KFC”. Also, I want to thank Asst. Prof. Dr. Vitul Lieorungruang for his care, patience, and support which have cheered me up till the present days. Last but not least, I would like to express my special thanks to my Family. They let me pursue my dream with understanding and encouragement. I feel their love all the time. Without them all, I would not be here. I’m indebted. They are the real wind beneath my wings. d Table of contents Page Abstract................................................................................................................... c Acknowledgments................................................................................................... d Table of contents…………………………………………………………………. e List of tables…........................................................................................................ g List of figures.......................................................................................................... h Chapter 1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 1 Background…………………………………………….……………… 1 Goals and objectives…………………………………………………... 2 Hypothesis…………………………………………………………….. 2 Scope of the study…………………………………………………….. 2 Research methodology………………………………………………… 3 2 Literature review………………………………………………………….. 4 About cultural landscapes……………………………………………... 4 What is cultural landscape?…………………………………………… 4 Types of cultural landscapes…………………………………………... 8 Related studies about cultural landscapes…………………………….. 11 Related charters about cultural landscapes and the study…………….. 19 About museum………………………………………………………… 22 What is museum?……………………………………………………… 22 Types of museum……………………………………………………… 26 Historic house museum………………………………………………... 29 Examples of historic house museum……………………………….….. 32 About heritage interpretation………………………………………….. 38 What is interpretation?………………………………………………… 38 Principles of interpretation……………………………………………. 40 Aims of interpretation………………………………………………… 41 Interpretation and presentation………………………………………... 41 Interpretation and heritage management……………………………… 43 Factors leading to new notions that affected Thailand and Thai ways, including architecture during that period…………………………. 44 3 About the palaces…………………………………………………………. 50 About King Rama VI…………………………………………………. 50 Biography……………………………………………………………... 50 King Rama VI and the ascent of elite Nationalism…………………… 52 About the three palaces: Sanamchandra Palace, Phraramrajniwes Palace, and Mrigadayavan Palace…………………………………………. 53 Sanamchandra Palace…………………………………………………. 53 Sanamchandra Palace compound……………………………………... 57 Phraramrajniwes Palace………………………………………………. 66 Phraramrajniwes Palace compound…………………………………… 72 Mrigadayavan Palace…………………………………………………. 77 Mrigadayavan Palace compound……………………………………… 93 e Page 4 Analysis of cultural significance and cultural landscapes of the three palaces………………………………………………………………… 101 Cultural significance………………………………………………….. 101 What is cultural significance?…………………………………………. 101 Cultural significance analysis…………………………………………. 101 Cultural landscape values additional to the Burra Charter.................... 109 Evaluation…………………………………………………………….. 110 Cultural landscape analysis……………………………………………. 111 5 Tourism and management plan for the three palaces for cultural tourism.. 117 About tourism…………………………………………………………. 117 What is tourism?…………………………………………………..….. 117 Sustainable tourism……………………………………………………. 119 Cultural tourism……………………………………………………….. 125 Sustainable cultural tourism…………………………………………… 128 Stakeholders……………………………………………………………
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