A History of Thailand Chris Baker and Pasuk Phongpaichit Index More Information

Cambridge University Press 0521816157 - A History of Thailand Chris Baker and Pasuk Phongpaichit Index More information

Index

1885 memorial 76–7 Bamrung Kayota 217 1912 plot 111, 114 Ban Phitsanulok advisory team 241 1932 revolution 116–21, 132, 177, 236 bandits 48–9, 54, 61, 171 Bang Rajan 7, 128, 257 Abeel, David 40 Bangkok 1, 27, 29, 31, 36, 37, 40, 47, 81, 89–90, absolutism 71, 109–12, 118, 132, 141 92, 93, 95, 138, 149–50, 162, 199, 201, 204, AcceleratedRural Development programme 184, 214, 235, 236 223 Bangkok Bank 152, 202, 258 agriculture 82–4, 86, 156–8, 159–61, 204, Bangrak quarter 101 212–14 Banharn Silpa-archa 239, 242, 244, 249, 252, 258, air strikes 149 280 Akanya Sutta 21 Bank of Agriculture andAgricultural Akat Damkoeng 108 Cooperatives (BAAC) 161, 213 Akha 156 Bank of Asia 153 Akorn Teng 93, 94, 96 Bank of Thailand 151, 205 Amon Chantharasombun 252 banking 92, 143, 152, 153, 154, 203, 205, 234, 253, AnandPanyarachun 154, 243, 244, 245, 246, 252, 254, 255 257, 258, 280 Bao Dai, Emperor 144 Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII), King 121, 141, beauty contests 124, 171, 207, 243 142, 175, 176 Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX), King 142, 143, Anek Laothamatas 250 176, 186, 188, 191, 194, 214, 233, 235–8, 244, Angkor 3, 11, 15, 49 245, 251, 259, 280 angyi 48, 66, 94, 95, 130 Black May (1992) 244, 245 anti-communism legislation 118, 120, 145, Boardof Investment 151 181 Boonchu Rojanastian 202, 259, 280 Anu, Jao 28 Boonrawdfamily 94, 95, 108 Anuman Rajadhon, Phya 178, 258, 280 Border Patrol Police 149, 193, 194 Aphaiwanit, Luang 35, 97 Borneo Company 90, 97, 101 army 53, 61–2, 68, 76, 96, 111, 117, 168–71, 184, Borommakot, King 21, 27, 32, 77, 259, 281 194, 196, 221 Boworadet, Prince (and revolt) 120–1, 124, 181 political power of 124–6, 142–9, 202, 203, Bowring treaty 45, 49, 90 232–5, 240–6, 255, 260, 263 Brahmans, Brahmanism 14, 15, 19, 20, 30, 31, 42 Asdathon family 152 Britain 13–14, 39–40, 45, 58–61, 64, 68, 90, 91, Assembly of the Poor 217–19 137, 140, 173 Association of UnitedWorkers of Thailand 142, Buddhadasa Bhikkhu 182, 190, 259, 281 181 Buddhism 7–8, 19–21, 22, 32, 41, 64, 66–7, 77, Atsani Pholajan 182 107, 147, 162, 166, 172, 175, 177, 181, 182–3, automobile industry 152, 204 185, 186, 190, 216, 224–6, 251, 264 Ava 11, 13, 21, 23 budget bureau 151 Ayutthaya 1, 8, 10–23, 27, 72, 74, Bulakun family 94 166 Bulasuk family 94, 95

294

Index 295

Bunnag family 30, 31, 39, 43, 45, 53, 77, 83; see Chirathiwat family 153, 205 also Chuang Chitra Konuntakiat 206 bureaucracy 96–7, 100, 110, 161, 164, 171, 207, Chokewatana family 153 208, 237, 242, 248, 259 Chonburi 172 Burma, Burmese 11, 21–3, 28, 29, 39, 52, 59, 65, Chotikapukkana family 34, 35, 91 74, 76, 127, 128, 132, 135, 211, 215, 219, 247 Chotikasathian family 34 Chuan Leekpai 248, 260, 282 Cambodia (Khmer country) 11, 28, 32, 42, 58, 59, Chuang Bunnag 48, 52–3, 70, 75, 260, 282 61, 64, 132, 135, 191, 196, 211 Chulalongkorn (Rama V), King 31, 34, 35, 52–8, Campaign for Popular Democracy (CPD) 244 64, 65, 66–74, 76–8, 83, 102, 105, 106, 114, canals 48, 59, 83, 84, 91, 159 139, 164, 165, 225, 260, 263, 282 Canton 58, 93 Chulalongkorn University 96 Cantonese 207 Chuthamani, Prince 37 Carabao band 224 CIA 146, 148 Caravan band 198, 224 cinema 103, 108, 125, 167 cartoons 110 Civil Service School 67, 68, 96 cassava 157, 158, 213 Class Five military group 242–6 Central group 153, 205 Coca-Cola 151 Chai-anan Samudavanija 247, 250 ColdWar 139, 140, 144, 150, 166, 168, 185, 191, Chainat dam 159 197, 230, 242, 264 chaiyaphum 7, 8, 26 communism 115, 118, 119, 140, 141, 144–6, 147, Chakri dynasty 27, 30, 70, 71, 78 155, 157, 168, 169, 180–5, 191, 194, 233, 234, Chamlong Srimuang 242, 244–5, 259, 281 237, 263 Chanat Piyaoui 208, 260, 281 Communist Manifesto 144 Chanthaburi 90 Communist Party of Siam/Thailand(CPT) 129, Chaophraya River 1, 3, 4, 7, 11, 59, 143 145, 181, 186, 189, 195, 214, 233 Charnvit Kasetsiri 205, 260, 281 Communist Suppression Operations Command Charoen Pokphand(CP) group 153, 206, 212, (CSOC) 184–5 244, 258 community culture movement 216, 250 Charoen Siriwattanapakdi 154 Condominas, Georges 9 Chart Kobjitti 220 constitutions 76, 106, 112, 117, 124, 143, 148, 176, Chat Thai (Thai Nation) Party 191, 194, 238, 191, 232, 234, 237, 244, 247, 260, 264, 282 241 (1932) 119, 120, 123, 138, 143, 169, 232 Chatichai Choonhavan 238, 240–3, 247, 248, (1946) 140 259, 260, 281 (1997) 252–3, 255 Chatikavanich family 97 Constitution Day 124 Chavalit Yongchaiyudh 233, 234, 249, 255, 259, Constitution Monument 124, 127 260, 280, 281 Constitutional Court 253 Chi River 84, 160, 213 corvee´ labour 15–16, 42, 44, 52, 61, 162 Chiang Kai Shek 115 coups 79, 106, 120, 121, 124, 143, 147, 194, 195, Chiang Mai 8, 10, 23, 28, 47, 54, 56, 84, 160, 204, 196 213, 217, 221 (1947) 142 Chiaravanon family 152 (1957) 148, 176, 182 Chin Sophonpanich 152, 260, 282 (1958) 148, 177 China 9, 18, 45, 50, 58, 114, 115, 129, 132, 137, 139, (1971) 186 144, 147, 152, 155, 182, 196, 206, 210, 211, 213 (1976) 232, 233 Chinese migration 4, 5, 18, 26, 27, 28, 33–6, (1981, April Fools) 233 47–52, 63, 82, 86, 153–5 (1991) 209, 221, 243 Chinese Chamber of Commerce 94, 96, 115, 130, Crawfurd, John 33 151 Crown Property Bureau 122, 165 Chinese community 94, 95–6, 102, 114–16, 123, cultural mandates, see state edicts 130–1, 145, 146, 147, 153–5, 205–7, 225, 239 Damrong Rajanuphap, Prince 44, 54, 63, 64, 65, Chinese culture 35–6 67, 68, 72, 77–8, 86, 112, 139, 166, 176, 282 Chinese schools 96, 145, 146, 180 dams 156, 159, 160, 169, 214, 215, 216, 218, 248

296 Index

de Lacouperie, Terrien 113 Haji Sulong Tomina 174, 283 debt, rural 88, 158, 161, 189, 213, 217, 218, 257, Hakka 34 258 Hanoi 59 Democrat Party 141, 143, 194, 238, 247–8, 249, Hariphunchai, see Lamphun 255, 258, 259, 280 Headman Li 155 Democratic Soldiers group 233–4, 242 health 5, 67, 103, 133, 156, 178, 212 development 140, 150–5, 166, 168 hill peoples 5, 65, 175, 178, 219, 228, 264 development plans 150, 151, 234, 251 Hinduism, see Brahmans Dhammakai movement 225 history 72–4, 76, 78, 108, 112–13, 138, 166, 172, Dhani Nivat, Prince 175–6, 178, 237, 282 177, 189, 205, 223, 226, 232, 263–5 Dhanin Chiaravanont 283 Hitler, Adolf 125, 129, 132 Dhida Saraya 226 HIV/AIDS 212 Dilok Nabarath 88 Hmong 156, 175, 183 Dodd,W.C.113 Ho bands 59 Dokmaisot 108 Hokkien 33, 34, 101, 115, 154 Don Muang airport 149 Hong Kong 45, 89, 93, 94, 107, 131, 204 Donovan, William 149 Hunter, Robert 37, 41 drama 22, 36, 71, 126, 127–9, 130, 147, 202, 206, 223 Iamsuri family 94, 95–6 Dusit quarter 101 identity (ID) card 172 Dutch 13, 14, 15, 18, 28, 82 India, Indians 3, 10, 14, 20, 39, 45, 52, 54, 59, 63, 71, 90, 92, 102 East Asiatic company 98, 101 Interior Ministry 54, 171, 193, 231, 247 Eastern Seaboard 214, 241 Internal Security Operations Command(ISOC) economic crisis (1997) 210, 211, 218, 253–7 193, 232, 233, 234, 235 economic nationalism 130 International Monetary Fund(IMF) 254, 255–6, Economic Plan (Pridi) 120, 122 257, 258, 280 education 66–7, 68, 75, 97, 109, 123, 151, 165, 172, investment promotion, see Boardof Investment 205, 207, 208, 213, 220, 251 investment, foreign 91, 151, 202, 254, 255 Eisenhower, Dwight 148 irrigation 6, 159, 161, 178, 215, 234 elections 125, 143, 147, 148, 191, 194, 233, 234, 239, Isan 56, 163, 173 240, 241, 244, 245, 247, 253, 258, 259 Islam, see Muslims Election Commission of Thailand 221, 253 extraterritoriality 45, 49, 59, 63, 64, 114, 115, 123 jao pho 239 jao sua 34–6, 91–2, 93, 94, 97, 103, 115 farang 37–42, 65, 68, 90, 99, 110, 114, 149 Japan 13, 75, 76, 85, 103, 109, 112, 115, 125, 129, Feroci, Corrado (Silpa Bhirasri) 127, 128, 135, 135–7, 139, 141, 144, 182, 202–4, 264 283 Japanese goods, boycotts of 115, 129–30 films, see cinema Japan-Siam Association 125 Fine Arts Department 126, 127, 236 jataka tales 32, 42, 237 fisheries 131, 212, 215, 217, 218, 247 Java 52, 82, 90, 101 flag, national 107, 260, 282 Jit Phumisak 145, 181, 183, 185, 189, 283 forest 1, 5, 23, 54, 58, 81, 156, 157, 159, 169, 172, Joey Boy 207 184, 186, 214–15, 216, 217–18, 219, 226, 228, Joni Odochao 217 248 journalism, see press forest goods 11, 29, 33, 43, 54, 175 judicial system 56, 66, 123 France 13–14, 15, 58–61, 63, 69, 91, 135 Julin Lamsam 131 junk trade 16, 33, 34, 35, 37, 42, 45, 90, 91, 93, 98 gambling 34, 40, 48, 52, 53, 66, 75, 91, 131, 171, 270 Kader toy factory 210 Gedney, William 145 Kalyanamit family 34 gender 16–17, 44, 86, 102–3, 108, 162, 208, 211 Kamachon band 198 Germany 61, 88, 117, 125 kamnan 159 Greater East Asian Conference 137 Karen 5, 156, 217, 226 Green Revolution 159, 160 Kasian Tejapira 206

Index 297

Kavila 28 Louis Leonowens 96, 101 Kedah 64 Low, James 41 Kelantan 64, 228 Lua 183 Khana ratsadon, see People’s Party Luang Pho Koon 224 Khmer 3, 4, 24, 29, 63, 65, 102, 127, 129, 132, 173 Luang Prabang 8, 54, 61 KhoJoKoscheme 217 Luangta Mahabua 224, 257, 258 Khon Kaen 56, 84 luk thung music 163–4, 224 Khorat 13, 54, 84, 121, 128, 233, 241 Khorat Plateau 3, 5, 28, 29, 30, 42, 83, 157 Ma Bulakun 131 Khrong Chandawong 173, 174, 183, 283 Ma family, see Bulakun Khruba Siwichai 79 Mae Teng project 160 Khun chang khun phaen 16 Mahajanaka, Prince 237, 242 King and I, The 148 Mahavamsa chronicle 32 Korea 144, 145 maize 157, 158, 213 Korean War 152 Malaria Eradication Programme 156 Koson Huntrakun 94, 108 Malay region 5, 10, 28, 58, 59, 64, 137 Krairiksh family 31, 34 Malaya (British) 52, 91, 135 Kraisak Choonhavan 241 Malays 5, 13, 14, 18, 28, 29, 63, 64, 65, 101, 102, Krathing daeng (RedGaurs) 193, 194, 235 132, 173 Kriangsak Chomanand 196 Malaysia 174, 183, 219, 228, 260, 281 Krisna Asokesin 220 Mall group 153, 208 Kui 5, 173 Malloch, D. E. 41 Kukrit Pramoj 102, 141, 142, 165, 190–1, 193, 194, Manchuria 129 196, 198, 238, 242, 283 Mangkorn Samsen 94 Kulap Kritsanon (K. S. R. Kulap) 74–6, 77, 108, Mangrai 8 283 Manhattan Coup 143 Kulap Saipradit 99, 108, 109, 110, 145, 182, 185, Manopakon (Mano) Nithithada, Phraya 119, 284 120, 284 Kuomintang (KMT) 114, 115, 129, 131, 145 manufacturing 94, 153, 203, 209–10, 212 Mao Zedong 144, 147, 191 labour control 15–16, 39, 42–5, 61, 75 massage, see sex industry labour legislation 147, 151, 189, 209–10 Matichon 221 labour, urban 94, 111, 123, 141, 142, 151, 162, 181, McCarthy, James 59 189, 209–12, 217 Meiji period 112, 127 Lampang 56, 64 Mekong River 3, 4, 5, 8, 28, 29, 58, 59, 63, 132 Lamphun 6, 56 Melaka 115 Lamsam family 94, 95, 131, 153 Melaka Straits 10, 13 Lanchang 8, 10, 21 migration, Chinese see Chinese landtax 86 migration, inward 211–12 landtitling 83, 84, 88, 159, 161 migration, overseas 162, 203 landholding 6, 83–9, 147, 157, 161, 212 migration, rural–urban 162–4, 209, 211, 213, 214, Lanna 8, 10, 11, 13, 21, 23, 29, 41, 54, 56, 62, 67, 223 79, 90, 129 Minebea 204, 210 Lao 5, 11, 13, 24, 28, 29, 32, 63, 64, 65, 102, 128, missionaries 40, 74 133, 173, 209 Mitraphap highway 156, 217 Laos 132, 148, 149, 184, 191, 193, 211 Moerman, Michael 221, 253 law codes, see judicial system Mon 3, 4, 5, 19, 29, 154 legal system, see judicial system monarchy 19–21, 27, 30–2, 50, 139, 143, 175–80, Leonowens, Anna 39, 50, 52, 274 231–2, 236 liquor industry 18, 34, 48, 53, 91, 152, 153, 154, 171, moneylending, see debt, rural 270 Mongkut (Rama IV), King 31, 35, 37–9, 41–2, literature 14, 16, 36, 62; see also novels 43–5, 49–50, 65, 66, 69, 70, 72, 78, 99, 108, Loetla (Rama II), King 31 274, 284 logging 156, 158, 159, 169, 171, 215; see also teak Mon-Khmer languages 3, 4, 8 Lopburi 8 motorcycles 153, 213, 221–2

298 Index

mueang 5–7, 8–9, 54, 85 Northern Farmers Network 217 Mun Phurithatto, Acharn 236 novels 107, 108–9, 138, 165, 220, 223 Mun river 6, 84, 160, 213, 218 mural painting 37, 72 Omphut family 153; see also Sirilak Muser 156 opium 34, 40, 48, 53, 91, 113, 147, 156, 175, 178, Muslims 173, 228 270 Mussolini, Benito 118, 126, 127 Pak Mun dam 218, 219 Nai But 92, 94, 95, 270 Paknam Incident 59, 63, 69, 77 Nai Lert 94 Pallegoix, Bishop 31, 44 Nakhon Si Thammarat 6, 23, 28 Pattani 58, 174 nakleng 48, 83, 171 Payutto, P. A. 256 Nam Choan dam 216 Peace Movement 145, 183 Nanchao 113, 132 peasant protest 189–90, 216–20, 248, 256 Nangklao (Rama III), King 31, 35, 37, 39, 45 Peasants Federation of Thailand (PFT) 189, 191, Narai, King 14, 20 193 Narathiwat 174 Penang 97, 107 Naresuan, King 11, 13, 74, 127, 257 Pegu 11 Narong Kittikhachon 194 People’s Party 116–29, 130, 131, 137, 140, 165, 232, nation, religion, andking 107, 112, 172, 194, 231, 264 245 Perlis 64 national anthem 129 Persians 13, 14, 19, 30 National Counter Corruption Commission 253 Phahon Phonphayuhasena, Phraya 117, 284 National Culture Commission 133, 226, 231, Phalang Tham Party 242 251 Phao Siyanon 142, 146–8, 174, 264, 284 National Culture Council 147 Phaulcon, Constantin 14 National Day 132, 177 Phayao 221 National Economic andSocial Development Phibun (Phibunsongkhram, Plaek) 98, 116, Board 151, 241 124–6, 129, 130, 132–7, 138–9, 140, 144, 164, National Human Rights Commission 253 173, 176–80, 260, 263, 282, 284 National Identity Ofﬁce 231, 235, 236, 237, 238 Phisanbut family 92 National Peacekeeping Council (NPKC) 243–6 Phisolyabut family 35, 91, 92 national security 135, 140, 168, 171, 173, 234 Phitsanulok 8, 23 National Security Council (Thailand) 230, 231, Phonprapha family 152, 153 252 Phra Kittiwuttho 194 National Security Council (US) 146 Phra Phayom Kalyano 224 nationalism 109–13, 116, 128–35, 138, 147, 185, Phra Phimontham 177 257, 258, 260, 282 Phra Pothirak 225 nationalism, Chinese 92, 110, 114–16, 129–31, Phrae 56 145 phrakhlang 17, 18, 43 nationalism, royal 106, 109, 142 Phrasadet, Chaophraya 67 nationality 64, 79, 102, 108, 131, 154, 155, 207, Phuket 48, 54, 127 217, 228 phumibun 27, 49, 56 Nationality Act (1913) 65, 129, 146, 228 Phumphuang Duangjan 163, 164, 224, 225, 274, Nawaphon 193, 194 285 Neale, F. A. 40 Phuphan hills 183, 186 Nidhi Eoseewong 34, 205, 284 pigtail 36, 95, 165 nirat poetry 37, 75 Pin Malakun 177, 178 Nissan cars 152, 153 planning board, see National Economic and Nixon, Richard 191 Social Development Board nobility 15, 17–19, 29–32, 43, 56, 96, 164–5 Plaza Accords 203 non-governmental organizations (NGOs) 210, poetry, see literature 216–17, 251–2, 253, 256, 258, 260, 281 Poh Intharapalit 171 northeast region 67, 84, 163, 209, 226 police 66, 94, 95, 97, 146, 158, 161, in politics 125, 143, 173, 264 255

Index 299

polygamy 16, 31, 45, 50, 53, 71, 75, 103, 108, 123, rest andrecreation (R&R) 149, 162, 169 138, 164, 165, 169, 264 retailing 153, 208, 212, 255 population 23, 82, 99, 156, 162, 201 rice farming 48, 81–9, 157, 158, 159–62, 212, 213 Portuguese 4, 7, 10, 11, 37 rice milling 48, 68, 86, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, Pote Sarasin 148, 154 101, 115, 123, 130, 142, 161, 162, 181, 212 poverty 159, 160, 215, 234 rice trade 18, 33, 82, 86, 88, 89, 91–2, 93–5, 118, Prabda Yoon 220 130, 137, 151, 160 Prajadhipok (Rama VII), King 112, 115, 118–21, Riggs, Fred 154, 166 122, 141, 164, 165, 232, 252, 285 roads 68, 99, 100, 101, 123, 146, 156, 158, 162, 163, Praphat Charusathian 149, 169, 188, 194, 233 169, 172, 217, 221–2, 234, 238, 242 Prasat Thong, King 14 royalist politics 141, 143–4, 147, 168, 176 Prasoet Sapsunthon 181, 183, 184, 233, 285 rubber 33, 91, 93, 131, 157, 158, 247 Prawase Wasi 251, 252, 256, 258, 285 Prem Tinsulanond 196, 233–4, 237, 240, 285 Sadaeng kitchanukit (A Miscellany) 41 press 106, 107, 109, 116, 120, 123, 145, 148, 181, Sahapat group 153 220–1, 245, 249, 260, 281 Sahaviriya group 152, 153 press laws 109, 118, 126, 221, 241 Saigon 58, 59, 93, 121, 193 press, Chinese 96, 147, 181 sakdina 15, 164, 266 Pridi Banomyong 98, 114, 116, 119, 120–4, 129, Sakon Nakhon 173, 236 137, 140–8, 182, 183, 264, 285 Sam kok (Three Kingdoms) 35, 221 printing, see publishing Samak Burawat 182 Prisdang, Prince 76, 77 Samakkhitham Party 243, 244, 247 Privy Purse 67–8, 92, 121, 122, 125 Sampheng 31, 33, 90, 92, 101, 103 progress (idea of) 26, 35, 40, 41, 45, 50, 52, 53, 56, Saneh Chamarik 251 65, 70, 71, 72, 74–6, 78, 79, 88, 105, 108, Sangha 19–21, 66, 79, 124, 145, 182, 225 109, 110, 112, 116, 118, 122, 123, 133–5, 150 Sangha Acts 66, 132, 177 prostitution, see sex industry Sangkhomsat parithat (Social Science Review) publishing 74, 107, 220–1 185 Puey Ungphakon 205, 216, 285 Sanitwong family 83, 89 Santi Asoke movement 225 rachasap 50, 113 Sanya Thammasak 188 radio 125, 132, 163, 176, 194, 223, 224, 231, 235, Sapphasat 88 259, 281 Sarasin family 98, 148, 154 Radio Coup 143 Sarit Thanarat 142, 143, 146–51, 168–9, 172, 173, railways 59, 84, 156 174, 175, 176–80, 183, 237, 241, 242, 260, Rama I, see Yotfa 263, 282, 286 Rama II, see Loetla Sayam Thewathirat 49 Rama III, see Nangklao Sayan Sanya 163 Rama IV, see Mongkut secret societies, see angyi Rama V, see Chulalongkorn Seksan Prasertkun 188, 196, 198, 286 Rama VI, see Vajiravudh Seni Pramoj 137, 141, 142, 165, 190, 194, 238, 286 Rama VII, see Prajadhipok Seri Phongphit 216 Rama VIII, see Ananda Mahidol Seri Thai movement 137, 140, 142, 143, 181–2 Rama IX, see Bhumibol Adulyadej sex industry 103, 108, 149, 153, 162, 163, 171, 204, Rambhai Bharni, Queen 141, 164, 165 212 Ramkhamhaeng University 207 Shan 29, 41, 64, 65, 102, 129, 133 Rangsit tract 83, 92, 214 Shan States 21, 135, 137, 141, 142 Rangsit, Prince 125, 142, 176 shipping 45, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 131 Ranong 48 Si phaendin (Four reigns) 102, 165 Ratchaburi 23, 29 Siam Commercial Bank 92 Ratchaburi, Prince 66 Siew Hut Seng 115, 131 Ratchakhru group 241 Sila Wongsin 173 Rattanakosin Island 31, 100, 236 Silent Coup 143 RedGaur, see Krathing daeng Sinlapa watthanatham (Art andCulture) republicanism 118, 139, 142, 167 magazine 226

300 Index

Singapore 39, 40, 52, 75, 89, 93, 94, 97, 107, 210, tax-farming 33, 36, 45, 56, 93, 97, 103 260 teak industry 54, 59, 91 Sippanonda Ketudhat 251 Techaphaibun family 152 Sipsongchuthai 29, 61 technocrats 151, 165, 190, 203, 205, 243, 249, 251, Sipsongpanna 21, 41, 59, 61 253 Sirikit, Queen 178, 235, 236 telecommunications 205, 212, 258 Sirilak Omphut 208 television 178, 206, 208, 222–3, 245, 248, 259, siwilai 65, 69, 72, 76, 100, 109, 114, 263 260, 281 slavery 5, 6, 16, 40, 42–3, 52–3, 61, 86, Teochiu 26, 34, 93, 155 127 Thai (as concept) 5, 62–5, 113, 128, 132, 155, Small-scale Farmers of the Northeast 217 226–7 Smyth, H. Warrington 90, 103 Thai language 4–5, 24, 47, 64, 67, 74, 113, 133, Social Action Party 190, 238 138, 155, 172 Social Security Law 209 Thai Rak Thai Party 258–60 Sondhi Limthongkun 221 Thai rath newspaper 221, 249 Songkhla 6 Thai Rice Company 130 songs for life 198 Thailand(as name) 132–3, 138 Sophonpanich family 205 Thaksin Shinawatra 204, 244, 258–60, 264, Southeast Asia 141, 146 287 Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) Thammasat University 123, 145, 164, 181, 182, 146, 148, 149 186, 189, 194, 195, 236 southern region 84, 173, 226, 228, 264 Thammayut sect 42, 66, 172, 177 Sri Lanka 7 Thanat Khoman 177 Srisak Vallibhotama 226 Thanin Kraivixien 194, 195, 201, 209, 221 state edicts 132–5 Thanom Kittikhachon 169, 186, 188, 194, 233, steel industry 152, 153 287 stockmarket 205, 244, 249, 253, 254, 258 That Phanom shrine 132 strike (1910) 94, 95, 114 Thepsirin School 99 strikes 95, 111, 123, 181, 189, 193, 209 Theravada, see Buddhism student politics 185–90, 194–5, 197, 202 Thianwan Wannapho 75–6, 107, 286 Sua pa (WildTiger) Corps 106, 111 Thim Sukkhayang 75 Suan Kulap School 68, 98 Thiphakorawong, Chaophraya 41–2, 45, Suchinda Kraprayun 244–5 287 sugar industry 33, 152, 157 Thirayuth Boonmi 188, 247, 250, 287 sugar, sugarcane 33, 82, 157 Thonburi 26, 101 Sujit Wongthet 185, 206, 286 Thongchai Winichakul 58, 59 Sukhothai 6, 7, 8, 20, 72, 127, 147, 166, 169, 175, tin industry 28, 33, 39, 48, 59, 91, 247 190, 231, 236, 263 tobacco 33, 94, 131, 157, 158 Sulak Sivaraksa 185, 216, 286 Tomayanti 220 Sun Yat Sen 114, 115 Tongnoi Tongyai 237 Sunthon Phu 37, 44, 286 tourism 149, 203, 204, 211, 226, 236, 247, Supha Sirimanon 182 255 Suphanburi 8, 163, 240 Traiphum 11, 32, 42, 236 Suphankalaya, Princess 257 tramways 111 Suranari, Thao 127 Trengganu 28, 64 Suriyanuwat, Phraya 88 Tripitaka 32 surnames 96, 97, 116 Truman, President 150 Suwannaphum 128 Ubon 54, 56 Tachard, Guy 14 Udom Srisuwan 181, 182, 183 Tai languages 3–5, 63, 113 UnitedNations (UN) 149 Taiwan 204 UnitedStates of America (US) 137, 139, 140, Taksin, King of Thonburi 26–7, 28–9, 34, 78, 144–51, 166, 167, 168, 175, 177, 191, 196, 197, 127, 130, 205, 287 201, 203, 221, 263, 264 Tan Chi Huang 93 US troops 148, 191, 196

Index 301

Vachirayan, Prince 66–7 westerners, see farang Vajiravudh (Rama VI), King 70, 71, 72, 88, 97, Wibun Khemchaloem 213 106–7, 109, 111, 112, 114, 116, 127, 139, 142, Wichit Wathakan, Luang 98, 113, 126–30, 132, 164, 287 135, 138, 139, 147, 164, 205, 263, 288 Vajiravudh College 72 Wichitmatra, Khun 112–13, 131 Van der Heide, Honan 84, 159 Wilat Osathanon 131 Vejjajiva family 98 WildTiger corps, see Sua pa Victory Monument 135 Wongsarot family 30 Vientiane 28, 29, 61 WorldBank 144, 203, 253, 254, 256 Vietnam 11, 58, 59, 144, 149, 180, 196 Vietnam war 162, 185, 191, 204, 232 Xinmin school 180 Village Scouts Movement 193, 194, 234, 239, 255 Voice of the People of Thailand(VOPT) 183, Yadana pipeline 219 196 Yala 174 Yamaha 153 Wan Waithayakon 165 Yao 156, 183 Wanglee family 94, 95, 152, 153 Yotfa (Rama I), King 27, 28–32, 42, 74, 288 Wat Benjamabophit 69, 72 Young Siam 53, 54 Wat Boworniwet 67, 194 Young Turks group 232–3, 242 Wat Phananchoeng 225 Yuwachon 125 Wat Pho 62 Yunnan 58, 113 Wat Phra Si Sanphet 14 weaving 89, 161 Zimmerman, Carle E. 86, 88