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Lamiaceae) in Korean Flora: S Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 51(1): 103−108 (2021) pISSN 1225-8318 eISSN 2466-1546 https://doi.org/10.11110/kjpt.2021.51.1.103 Korean Journal of SHORT COMMUNICATION Plant Taxonomy A new record of Scutellaria (Lamiaceae) in Korean flora: S. guilielmii A. Gray Jung-Hyun KIM, Young-Tae YANG1, Chae Eun LIM and Jin-Seok KIM* Plant Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea 1The Society for Korean Peninsula Plants (Citizen Researcher), Jeju 63136, Korea (Received 22 February 2021; Revised 10 March 2021; Accepted 16 March 2021) ABSTRACT: A new distribution of Scutellaria guilielmii A. Gray is discovered in Korea. This species was col- lected from seashores on Pyoseon-ri, Pyoseon-myeon, Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do. S. guilielmii is distinguished from other related Korean taxa of the genus by having broadly winged nutlets (fruits). Here, we provide a precise description, illustrations, key to the related taxa, and photographs of its habitat. The new Korean name is given as ‘Nal-gae-gol-mu-kkot’, considering the broadly winged nutlets (fruits). In addition, new habitats are likely to be discovered through plant biodiversity surveys of the southwestern coastal islands. Keywords: Scutellaria, Scutellaria guilielmii, Lamiaceae, Korean flora, medicinal plant Scutellaria L., with 471 species, is one of the largest genera Yamazaki, 1993; Li and Hedge, 1994; Ohashi et al., 2008; in the family Lamiaceae (Govaerts et al., 2021). Although Yonekura, 2017). Scutellaria is primarily distributed in temperate regions and on In Korea, 18 taxa in the genus Scutellaria are reported; S. tropical mountains (Paton, 1990; Harley et al., 2004), the genus asperiflora Nakai, S. baicalensis Georgi, S. barbata D. Don, can be found in most areas of the world except the Amazon S. dependens Maxim., S. indica L., S. indica var. coccinea S. basin, lowland tropical Africa, and Pacific Islands (Paton et Kim & S. Lee, S. indica var. parvifolia Makino, S. indica var. al., 2016). The plants are annual or perennial herbs and rarely tsusimensis (H. Hara) Ohwi, S. insignis Nakai, S. moniliorrhiza subshrubs or aquatic species (Lee and Kim, 2019). Many Kom., S. orthocalyx Hand.-Mazz., S. pekinensis var. alpina Scutellaria species possess medicinal uses, and some species (Nakai) H. Hara, S. pekinensis var. maxima S. Kim & S. Lee, are of economic importance (Lee et al., 2018; Zhao et al., S. pekinensis var. transitra (Makino) H. Hara, S. pekinensis 2020). Previously, morphological data have suggested the var. ussuriensis (Regel) Hand.-Mazz., S. regeliana Nakai, S. infrageneric classification of the genus Scutellaria with two strigillosa Hemsl., and S. tuberifera C. Y. Wu & C. Chen (Kim subgenera: Scutellaria and Apeltanthus (Nevski ex Juz.) Juz. and Lee, 1995; Yang, 2004; Kim et al., 2011; Kim, 2018; Lee Within the subgenus Scutellaria, there are five sections: et al., 2018; Suh and Park, 2018; Lee and Kim, 2019). Anaspis (Rech.f.) Paton, Perilomia (Kunth) Epling, Salazaria During the Plant Diversity Research on Jejudo Island, an (Torrey) Paton, Salviifoliae (Boiss.) J. R. Edm., and Scutellaria. unrecorded species, Scutellaria guilielmii A. Gray was confirmed Within subgenus Apeltanthus, there are two sections: in the seashores in Pyoseon-ri, Pyoseon-myeon, Seogwipo-si in Apeltanthus and Lupulinaria (A. Ham.) Paton (Paton, 1990). Korea. Here, we provided its morphological description, detailed Scutellaria guilielmii A. Gray belongs to subg. Scutellaria illustrations, and a key to the related taxa in Korea. sect. Scutellaria. The sect. Scutellaria comprises ca. 240 species that are mainly distributed in the Old and New Worlds Materials and Methods (Paton, 1990). S. guilielmii of which distribution has been reported in China and Japan (Paton, 1990; Murata and Specimens of Scutellaria guilielmii collected from Jejudo *Author for correspondence: [email protected] http://e-kjpt.org, © 2021 the Korean Society of Plant Taxonomists. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 103 104 Jung-Hyun KIM et al. Fig. 1. Photographs of Scutellria guilielmii A. Gray. A. Habit. B. Rhizome. C. Stem. D. Leaf. E. Flower (frontal view). F. Flower (lateral view). G. Nutlets. H. Fruits (a, abaxial view; b, lateral view; c, adaxial view). I. Scanning electron microscopy of fruits (a, abaxial view; b, lateral view; c, adaxial view). Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy Vol. 51 No. 1 (2021) A new record of Scutellaria in Korea 105 Fig. 2. Illustrations of Scutellria guilielmii A. Gray. A. Habit. B. Stem. C. Leaf. D. Flower (frontal view). E. Flower (lateral view). F. Calyx. G. Nutlets. H. Fruits (abaxial view). I. Fruits (adaxial view). Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy Vol. 51 No. 1 (2021) 106 Jung-Hyun KIM et al. Island, Korea were identified from the descriptions in literature with somewhat appressed hairs, with long spreading simple (Paton, 1990; Murata and Yamazaki, 1993; Li and Hedge, hairs along margins and abaxial veins. Inflorescences solitary, 1994; Yonekura, 2017). In addition, keys of Korean Scutellaria in axils of upper leaves; pedicels 2–4 mm long, pubescent with followed (Kim, 2018; Lee et al., 2018). The detail of nutlet’s long spreading simple hairs. Flowers zygomorphic; calyx ca. (fruits) morphology were investigated in scanning electron 3 mm, pubescent with long spreading simple hairs outside, microscopy (SEM) with the use of JEOL, JSM-6390LV upper lip folded into a scutellum; scutellum ca. 0.6 mm long; (Tokyo, Japan). SEM was operated at 20 kV with a working corolla purple with white on throat, ca. 5 mm long, sparsely distance of 15 mm and photographed. All voucher specimens pubescent outside, tube nearly straight; upper lip erect, circular, are deposited at the herbarium of the National Institute of ca. 1.2 mm long; apex rounded or emarginate; middle lobe of Biological Resources in Korea (KB). lower lip semicircular, more or less curved downward, apex emarginate, longer than upper lip; lateral lobes oblong-ovate. Taxonomic Treatment Fruits nutlets, brown, oblate, ca 1.5 mm in diam., including wing, abaxially densely tuberculate or papillate, with a Scutellaria guilielmii A. Gray, AAAS Bull. 21: 25, 1873 cylindrical umbo near middle, densely spiny around umbo on (Figs. 1, 2).−TYPE: Japan. Wright, C. 213 (GH, seen only adaxial side, equatorial plane circumvented by a wing ca. 0.5 photos!). mm wide, margin irregularly pectinate. Chromosome number Korean name: Nal-gae-gol-mu-kkot (날개골무꽃) 2n = 28, reported by Shiuchi and Kanemoto (1999). Flowering: April to June. Herbs perennial, 10–40 cm tall. Rhizomes whitish, slender, Fruiting: May to July. stoloniferous. Stems erect or prostrate-ascending, branched, Distribution: Korea, China, and Japan. quadrangular, 1–1.5 mm diam., glabrous to sparsely pilose Specimens examined: KOREA. Jeju-do: Seogwipo-si, upward. Leaves: petiole 1–13 mm long, 1–3 cm basally, Pyoseon-myeon, Pyoseon-ri, 26 May 2020, Young-Tae Yang subglabrous or densely pilose; blade circular-ovate to narrowly KIMJH20125, KIMJH20126, KIMJH20127 (KB); same locality, ovate, broadly ovate-orbicular to subreniform basally, 0.5–2 × 1 Jun 2020, Jung-Hyun Kim & Sea-rom Lee KIMJH20128, 0.2–2.2 cm, apex obtuse to rounded, base cordate to KIMJH20129, KIMJH20130, KIMJH20131, KIMJH20132, subtruncate, margins coarsely crenate, both surfaces pubescent KIMJH20133, KIMJH20134, KIMJH20135, KIMJH20136 (KB). Fig. 3. Distribution map of Scutellria guilielmii A. Gray in Korea. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy Vol. 51 No. 1 (2021) A new record of Scutellaria in Korea 107 Key to the species of Scutellaria with the is identical with the Tasmanian S. humils, and its nutlets were axillary inflorescence in Korea originally described as papillate or tuberculate, and by implication wingless (Ohashi and Ohashi, 2008). In addition, 1. Stolons terminated by tubers ···· S. tuberifera 제주골무꽃 S. guilielmii can be distinguished from other related taxa of 1. Stolons without tubers. the genus by having broadly winged nutlets (fruits). 2. Corolla less than 10 mm long; upper lip shorter than lower lip. ORCID: Jung-Hyun KIM https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2699- 3. Nutlets winged ················ S. guilielmii 날개골무꽃 5635; Young-Tae YANG https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3055- 3. Nutlets wingless ············· S. dependens 애기골무꽃 9123; Chae Eun LIM https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1375-8684; 2. Corolla more than 1.5 cm long; upper lip equaling lower Jin-Seok KIM https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4474-1244 lip. 4. Rhizomes moniliform; stems glabrous ······················ Acknowledgments ····································· S. moniliorrhiza 구슬골무꽃 4. Rhizomes not moniliform; stems pubescent. This work was supported by a grant from the National 5. Leaves linear to lanceolate ···································· Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the ······································· S. regeliana 가는골무꽃 Ministry of Environment (MOE) of the Republic of Korea 5. Leaves ovate to elliptic ·· S. strigillosa 참골무꽃 (NIBR202002106, NIBR202102103). Notes: Scutellaria guilielmii A. Gray was known to be Conflict of Interest distributed in China and Japan. This species is native range of East, North-Central, and South China, and Southern Japan to The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. Ryukyu Islands (Paton, 1990; Murata and Yamazaki, 1993; Li and Hedge, 1994; Ohashi et al., 2008; Yonekura, 2017). From Literature Cited this study, the new natural distribution is discovered at seashores in Pyoseon-ri, Pyoseon-myeon, Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do, Korea Govaerts, R., A. Paton, Y. Harvey, T. Navarro and M. del Rosario (Fig. 3). The population was composed of 200 individuals García Peña. 2021. World checklist of Lamiaceae. The Board within 10 × 5 m2 in size. The upper vegetation was made up of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved of Ulmus parvifolia Jacq., Rosa lucieae Franch. & Rochebr. Feb. 2021, available from http://www.kew.org/wcsp/. ex Crép., Euonymus japonicus Thunb., Vitex rotundifolia L.f., Gray, A.
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