Reference List
Status: December 2016
Deutsche WindGuard
Oldenburger Str. 65 D‐26316 Varel Germany
Tel: +49‐4451‐9515‐0 Fax: +49‐4451‐9515‐29
Email: [email protected] Internet: www.windguard.de
Reference List of Deutsche WindGuard
Contents
1 Deutsche WindGuard Group – An Overview 4 1.1 Company Structure 6 1.2 Key Staff Members 8 1.3 Membership in Standardisation Bodies 8 1.4 Accreditations 9 1.5 Customer References 11 2 Site Assessment 16 2.1 Wind Measurements 16 2.1.1 Conventional Wind Measurements with Cup Anemometers or Sonic Instruments 16 2.1.2 Wind Measurements with LiDAR or SODAR 17 2.2 Measurement System Sales 18 2.3 Calibration and Classification of Remote Sensing 19 2.4 Long‐Term Energy Yield Assessment for Operating Wind Farms 22 2.5 Wind Resource Assessments and Site Suitability Studies for Proposed Wind Farms 23 2.6 Concept Studies and Pre‐Evaluations for Energy Yield Assessments 32 2.7 Research & Development Activities in the Field of Site Assessment 33 2.8 Calculation of Noise Emission in the Vicinity of Proposed Wind Farms 34 2.9 Determination of Shadow Flicker Impact in the Vicinity of Proposed Wind Farms 35 2.10 Visibility Analysis 36 2.11 Ice‐Throw Risk Analysis 37 3 Due Diligence and Consulting Services 38 3.1 Technical Due Diligence 40 3.2 Strategic Due Diligence and Assessment of Wind Turbine Types 41 3.3 Tender and Contract Consulting 44 3.4 Markets & Politics 45 3.5 Feasibility Studies for Wind Energy Projects 48 3.6 Scientific training 49 4 Wind Farm Operation, Technical Management and Turbine Inspection 49 4.1 Technical Management of Wind Farms 49 4.1.1 Reference project: technical management of alpha ventus and Riffgat offshore wind farms 49 4.2 Technical Inspection of Wind Turbines 50 4.3 Vibration Measurements / Gear Box Analysis 52 4.4 Thermographic Boundary Layer Visualisation of Wind Turbine Rotor Blades in Operation 55 4.5 Analysis of Wind Farm Operational Data 55 5 Wind Tunnel Centre 61 5.1 Anemometer and Wind Direction Sensor Calibration and Classification 61
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5.2 2D Airfoil Measurements in Acoustically Optimised Large Wind Tunnel in Bremerhaven 63 6 Measurements on Wind Turbines 64 6.1 Wind Turbine Power Curve Testing 64 6.2 Acoustic Noise Measurements on Wind Turbines 66 6.3 Load Measurements on Wind Turbines 68 7 Offshore‐Services 69 7.1 Offshore‐Consulting 69 7.2 Safety Training 73 8 APPENDIX 75 8.1 List of Studies and Scientific Policy Advice Projects 75 8.2 List of Feasibility Studies for Wind Energy Projects 81 8.3 List of Wind Turbines Managed by Deutsche WindGuard (Technical Management) 83 8.4 List of Scientific Training Courses 85
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1 Deutsche WindGuard Group – An Overview
In today’s complex energy market, Deutsche WindGuard is committed to providing ex‐ tensive scientific, technical, and operational services, which are unbiased and manufac‐ turer‐independent. The company was founded in 2000 and has been continuously expanding ever since. The Deutsche WindGuard Group is an integrated and comprehensive network with a scien‐ tific‐core leadership team and 150 experienced specialists with international experi‐ ence. The wide range of Deutsche WindGuard’s business activities provides us a direct insight into all wind energy related issues. Today, Deutsche WindGuard is one of the world’s leading service providers to renewa‐ ble energy enterprises, utilities, investors and public authorities. Internationally recog‐ nised accreditations and certificates add certainty and objectivity to the assessment of all project‐related information. Our comprehensive services reliably support the complete lifecycle of wind power pro‐ jects, ranging from feasibility studies; services required during the planning, construc‐ tion and operation phase of wind farms; through to dismantling. Onshore. Offshore. Worldwide.
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1.1 Company Structure
The WindGuard Group consists of eight companies with offices in Varel, Bremerhaven, Elsfleth and Berlin, Germany, as well as Alexandria (Virginia, USA) operating in all branches of wind energy.
The parent company – Deutsche WindGuard GmbH – mainly deals with the technical management of wind farms and technical inspections of wind turbines. Further working fields are policy consulting and the commissioning of technical studies. Its subsidiaries are Deutsche WindGuard Wind Tunnel Services, Deutsche WindGuard Consulting, Deutsche WindGuard Offshore, Deutsche WindGuard Engineering, Deutsche WindGuard Systems, WindGuard Certification, and WindGuard North America.
Deutsche WindGuard Consulting GmbH offers wind resource and energy yield as‐ sessments, wind and Power Curve Measurements, acoustic noise measurements, verifi‐ cation of remote sensing devices, sales of measurement systems and technical due dili‐ gence services. The company is accredited as a testing and calibration laboratory ac‐ cording to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025 and recognized by IEC RE.
Deutsche WindGuard Wind Tunnel Services GmbH is a leading expert in the field of anemometer and wind vane calibration. With a Wind Tunnel Centre consisting of seven different wind tunnels, they also offer research and development in the field of ane‐ mometry and wind measurement and are accredited as a calibration laboratory accord‐ ing to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025, recognized by IEC RE, as well as MEASNET accredited for the calibration of anemometers.
Deutsche WindGuard GmbH Oldenburger Straße 65 Deutsche WindGuard Consulting GmbH D‐26316 Varel Deutsche WindGuard Wind Tunnel Services GmbH
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Deutsche WindGuard Offshore GmbH provides consulting for the offshore wind in‐ dustry, from license planning over planning of construction and execution to O&M. A second field of operation are certified safety trainings for staff working in the wind in‐ dustry. Deutsche WindGuard Offshore GmbH Oldenburger Str. 65 ‐‐‐Offshore Consulting Services‐‐‐ D‐26316 Varel
Deutsche WindGuard Offshore GmbH An der Weinkaje 4 ‐‐‐Offshore Safety Training Centre‐‐‐ D‐26931 Elsfleth
Deutsche WindGuard Engineering GmbH works in the field of R&D on the aerody‐ namic and acoustical optimisation of wind turbines. The large scale wind tunnel in Bremerhaven offers extensive possibilities for acoustic and aerodynamic measurements on rotor blade profiles at high Reynold’s‐Numbers and wind speeds up to 100m/s. Deutsche WindGuard Engineering GmbH Überseering 7 D‐27580 Bremerhaven
Deutsche WindGuard Systems GmbH develops and sells the wind farm management software WONDER 3.0. Deutsche WindGuard Systems GmbH Bundesallee 67 D‐12161 Berlin
WindGuard North America, Inc. is the US office of the WindGuard Group and serves as a contact hub and basis for our US customers. WindGuard North America, Inc. 1940 Duke Street, Suite 200 Alexandria VA 22314, USA
WindGuard Certification GmbH offers type certification for on‐ and offshore wind tur‐ bines and their components and provides answers to all questions regarding grid stabil‐ ity of power generating systems. As an independent, accredited certification body it pro‐ vides type certification and certification of continued operation of wind turbines, certifi‐ cation of power generating plants (EZA), power generating units (EZE), and a test labor‐ atory for electrical grid and control characteristics. More details are given in a separate reference list or at www.windguard‐certification.de WindGuard Certification GmbH Oldenburger Straße 65 D‐26316 Varel
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1.2 Key Staff Members
WindGuard possesses extensive expertise in all areas of wind energy utilisation. Several members of our staff have more than 25 years of experience in the wind energy busi‐ ness. With many years of national and international experience, Deutsche WindGuard staff are part of various important R&D cooperations.
1.3 Membership in Standardisation Bodies
Deutsche WindGuard is an active member of the following standardisation bodies in the field of certified measurements and assessments as well as similar working groups:
Member of IEC 61400‐12‐1 (power curve) maintenance team Member of IEC 61400‐13 (loads) maintenance team Member of IEC 61400‐15 (site assessments) maintenance team Member of IEC RE testing laboratory group Member of the German Technical Guidelines (FGW) TR1 expert group for noise measurements Member of the German Technical Guidelines (FGW) TR2 expert group for power curve measurements Member of the German Technical Guidelines (FGW) TR3 expert group for power quality Member of the German Technical Guidelines (FGW) TR4 expert group for power plant behaviour Member of the German Technical Guidelines (FGW) TR6 expert group for wind po‐ tential and energy yields Member of the German Technical Guidelines (FGW) TR8 expert group for certifica‐ tion of PGU and PGS MEASNET, Chairmanship of site assessment expert group MEASNET, Member of anemometer calibration expert group MEASNET, Member of power performance testing expert group MEASNET, Member of load measurement expert group Member of the German Wind Energy Association (BWE) advisory board for wind resource and energy yield assessments Member of the German Wind Energy Association (BWE) advisory board for technical inspections of wind turbines Member of Wind Europe power curve expert group International Energy Agency (IEA) – Task 26 – Cost of Wind Energy
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1.4 Accreditations
Deutsche WindGuard has implemented a quality management system accredited by Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle (DAkkS) GmbH. Members of the WindGuard Group hold a number of accreditations and certifications.
Deutsche WindGuard Consulting
Deutsche WindGuard Consulting GmbH is accredited by Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle GmbH (DAkkS) as a testing laboratory according to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 (DAkkS registry‐no: D‐PL‐18020) for Measurement of Wind Turbine Power Curves; Wind Meas‐ urements at Sites and Potential Sites of Wind Turbines; Site Specific Energy Yield Evalu‐ ations for Wind Farms; Site Suitability Studies; Determination of Noise Immission; De‐ termination of Shadow Immission; Noise Emission Measurement and Noise Immission Measurement, as well as Load Measurement on Wind Turbines. Deutsche WindGuard Consulting GmbH is accredited by Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle GmbH (DAkkS) as a calibration laboratory according to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 (DAkkS registry‐no: D‐K‐18020) for the calibration of remote sensing devices (wind speed and wind direction). Deutsche WindGuard Consulting GmbH is an approved testing laboratory for the power performance competence area within the IECRE scheme. Deutsche WindGuard Consulting GmbH is a Member of MEASNET and is accepted by MEASNET for Measurements of Wind Turbine Power Curves and Wind Measurements. Deutsche WindGuard Consulting GmbH is holder of the conformity seal of the Förderge‐ sellschaft Windenergie und andere Dezentrale Energien (FGW e.V.) for the measurement of power curves and noise emission.
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Deutsche WindGuard Wind Tunnel Services Deutsche WindGuard Wind Tunnel Services GmbH is accredited by Deutsche Akkredi‐ tierungsstelle GmbH (DAkkS) as a calibration laboratory according to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 (DAkkS registry‐no: D‐K‐15140) for the calibration in the field of fluid quantities of velocity of gases (anemometers) and direction of flow (wind vanes). Deutsche WindGuard Wind Tunnel Services GmbH is an associated Member of MEASNET and is accepted by MEASNET for the Calibration of Anemometers. Deutsche WindGuard Wind Tunnel Services GmbH is an approved testing laboratory for the anemometer calibration competence area within the IECRE scheme.
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Deutsche WindGuard GmbH Deutsche WindGuard GmbH is accredited by Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle GmbH (DAkkS) as an inspection body (Type C) according to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17020:2012 (DAkkS registry‐no: D‐IS‐11013) for inspections and endoscopic examination of wind turbines by judging and establishing the conformity with specific and – based on an expert opinion – with general requirements.
Deutsche WindGuard Offshore GmbH The Basic Safety Training Course of Deutsche WindGuard Offshore is certified by DNV GL Renewables Certification according to GWO Basic Safety Training Standard and Basic Safety Training Refresher Standard. They are officially recognized by GWO as a certified training provider. Deutsche WindGuard Offshore’s Helicopter Underwater Escape Train‐ ing (HUET) is also certified by DNV GL Renewables Certification. Furthermore, the Man‐ agement System of Deutsche WindGuard Offshore is certified by TÜV Nord according to ISO 9001.
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1.5 Customer References
An extract of Deutsche WindGuard’s customers is shown below.
Wind Turbine Manufacturers
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Project Developers and/or Investors
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Banks and Financiers
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LiDAR / SODAR Manufacturers
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2 Site Assessment
2.1 Wind Measurements
Deutsche WindGuard Consulting GmbH is accredited for wind measurements and power curve measurements by DAkkS. Over the years, more than 240 wind measurements have been performed by Deutsche WindGuard. The scientific competence of the compa‐ ny is confirmed by the membership in renowned boards (IEC 61400‐12‐1 maintenance groups, MEASNET, German Fördergesellschaft Windenergie und andere Dezentrale En‐ ergien FGW) as well as by the scientific contribution to a large number of measure‐ ments. The development and sale of wind measurement systems in addition to the sen‐ sor calibration, and classification of anemometers are part of Deutsche WindGuard’s expertise. Deutsche WindGuard Consulting has performed high‐quality wind measurements all over the world. The measurements are performed according to the current international standards and state‐of‐the‐art technology. WindGuard has experience with cup ane‐ mometry, ultra‐sonic instruments and remote sensing techniques (SODAR and LiDAR), see tables below for details.
2.1.1 Conventional Wind Measurements with Cup Anemometers or Sonic Instru‐ ments
Country No. of Met Masts Country No. of Met Masts
Austria 1 Great Britain 14
Azores 2 Greece 11
Bosnia 2 Indonesia 12
Bulgaria 5 Ireland 5
Chile 1 Italy 21
Cyprus 6 Lithuania 1
Estonia 4 Luxembourg 1
Finland 1 Kazakhstan 3
France 25 Macedonia 4
Georgia 1 Mali 1
Germany 22 Morocco 2
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Country No. of Met Masts Country No. of Met Masts
Netherlands 2 Switzerland 5
Panama 5 Taiwan 1
Poland 10 Tunisia 8
Romania 16 Turkey 9
Serbia 1 Ukraine 25
Spain 5 Total 262
Sweden 30
2.1.2 Wind Measurements with LiDAR or SODAR
No. Internal Country No. of Year of Client Project No. Sites Assessment
1 VC07187 France 2 2007 German manufacturer
2 VC09080 Netherlands 1 2009 German manufacturer
3 VC09114 Estonia 1 2009 Estonian developer
4 VC10110 Estonia 1 2010 Estonian developer
5 VC11196 Norway 1 2011 Norwegian developer
6 VC12295 Germany 1 2012 German developer
7 VC13040 Germany 1 2013 German developer
8 VC13282 Germany 1 2013/2014 German developer
9 VU13002 Ukraine 1 2013 Ukrainian developer
10 VC15111 Germany 1 2015 German developer
11 VC15148 Germany 1 2015 German developer
12 VC15341 Germany 1 2015 German supplier
13 VC16190 Germany 1 2016 German Supplier
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2.2 Measurement System Sales
Deutsche WindGuard offers state‐of‐the‐art measurement systems in which we imple‐ mented our scientific competence of more than 25 years in the wind energy industry. Our systems are equipped with free programmable data loggers, custom‐tailored and specifically built for the needs of our clients. WindGuard measurement systems can be utilised for nearly any kind of measurement, e.g. wind measurements, power curve measurements, SCADA integration, scientific research applications or control‐ and moni‐ toring systems. The configuration of the measurement will be performed together with the clients to cater to their requirements. The system can be operated and configured via remote access using satellite communication, cellular mobile networks, radio communi‐ cation or direct lines. The systems can be powered by grid connection, or by solar supply systems or, if requested, with uninterruptable power supply units. The flexible scaling and modular expansion allows integrating any kind of signal type e.g. analogue or digital signals as well as several industrial bus systems e.g. CAN, Modbus, Profibus, RS485 etc. See table below for an overview of system integrations produced.
Country No. of systems sold Country No. of systems sold
Australia 23 Latvia 1
Austria 5 Macedonia 6
Bulgaria 19 Netherlands 5
Canary Islands 2 Panama 8
China 2 Poland 11
Cyprus 6 Romania 24
Czech Republic 5 Serbia 3
Denmark 4 South Africa 6
Estonia 1 Spain 2
Finland 3 Sweden 19
France 8 Turkey 12
Germany 95 Ukraine 20
Great Britain 24 United Kingdom 4
Greece 7 USA 7
Italy 2 Wales 1
Kazakhstan 1 Total 336
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2.3 Calibration and Classification of Remote Sensing
Deutsche WindGuard has special expertise in the field of testing remote sensors, so called LiDAR and SODAR systems. Only one of two companies currently, we are accred‐ ited by the Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle GmbH (DAkkS) as a calibration laboratory for the calibration of remote sensing devices. As one of the few companies worldwide, WindGuard owns a testing facility for the classification and calibration of LiDAR and SO‐ DAR systems. As a consequence, the knowledge of WindGuard experts has contributed considerably to the development of international standards and guidelines for remote sensing techniques.
No. Internal LiDAR/ Number Year of Verifi‐ Classifi‐ Client Project SODAR of Equip‐ Assess‐ cation cation No. Equip‐ sess‐ Test Test ment ment 1 VC05050 LiDAR 1 2005 X X British supplier 2 VC07187 LiDAR 1 2008 X X German manufacturer 3 VC07187 LiDAR 1 2010 X German manufacturer
4 VC08017 LiDAR 1 2008 X French supplier 5 VC08036 LiDAR 1 2008 X Italian developer 6 VC08115 LiDAR 1 2008 X French supplier 7 VC08122 LiDAR 1 2008 X US developer 8 VC08205 LiDAR 2 2008 X British developer 9 VC09114 LiDAR 1 2009 X Estonian developer 10 VC09136 SODAR 1 2009 X X Swedish supplier 11 VC10014 LiDAR 2 2010 X French supplier 12 VC10110 LiDAR 1 2010 X Estonian developer 13 VC10138 LiDAR 1 2010 X US consultant 14 VC10160 SODAR 1 2010 X US supplier 15 VC10220 LiDAR 1 2011 X US supplier 16 VC10222 LiDAR 1 2011 X US supplier 17 VC11019 LiDAR 1 2011 X British developer 18 VC11019 SODAR 1 2011 X British developer 19 VC11174 LiDAR 1 2011 X British supplier 20 VC11196 LiDAR 1 2011 X Norwegian developer 21 VC11215 LiDAR 1 2011 X X French supplier 22 VC11218 LiDAR 1 2011 X British supplier 23 VC12005 LiDAR 2 2012 X French supplier 24 VC12083 LiDAR 1 2012 X British supplier
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No. Internal LiDAR/ Number Year of Verifi‐ Classifi‐ Client Project SODAR of Equip‐ Assess‐ cation cation No. Equip‐ sess‐ Test Test ment ment 25 VC12295 LiDAR 1 2012 X German developer 26 VC12382 LiDAR 1 2012 X Danish developer 27 VC12005 LiDAR 3 2013 X French supplier 28 VC12302 SODAR 1 2013 X Swedish developer 29 VC13088 LiDAR 2 2013 X German developer 30 VC13045 LiDAR 1 2013 X German developer 31 VC13046 LiDAR 1 2013 X German developer 32 VC13118 LiDAR 2 2013 X German developer 33 VC11241 LiDAR 1 2013 X German consultant 34 VC13269 LiDAR 1 2013 X Israeli supplier 35 VC13282 LiDAR 1 2013 X German developer
36 VC14253 SODAR 1 2014 X US developer
37 VC14432 SODAR 1 2014 X Australian supplier
38 VC14070 LiDAR 3 2014 X German developer
39 VC14079 LiDAR 1 2014 X French developer
40 VC14104 SODAR 1 2014 X X Finnish developer
41 VC14069 SODAR 1 2014 X Australian supplier
42 VC14167 LiDAR 1 2014 X German developer
43 VC13361 LiDAR 1 2014 X Danish developer
44 VC14267 LiDAR 1 2014 X German developer
45 VC14302 LiDAR 1 2014 X German developer
46 VC14117 LiDAR 1 2014 X French supplier
47 VC14359 LiDAR 1 2014 X French supplier
48 VC14303 LiDAR 1 2014 X German developer
49 VC15140 LiDAR 1 2015 X German supplier
50 VC15081 LiDAR 1 2015 X French developer
51 VC15263 LiDAR 1 2015 X German supplier
52 VC15316 LiDAR 1 2015 X German developer
53 VC15222 LiDAR 2 2015 X British consultant
54 VC15305 LiDAR 1 2015 X Netherland developer
55 VC15740 LiDAR 1 2015 X German supplier
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No. Internal LiDAR/ Number Year of Verifi‐ Classifi‐ Client Project SODAR of Equip‐ Assess‐ cation cation No. Equip‐ sess‐ Test Test ment ment
56 VC15459 LiDAR 1 2015 X German mast supplier
57 VC15442 LiDAR 3 2015 X German supplier
58 VC15465 SODAR 1 2015 X German consultant
59 VC15480 LiDAR 1 2015 X German developer
60 VC16007 Lidar 1 2016 X German Consultant
61 VC16016 Lidar 1 2016 X German Consultant
62 VC16015 Lidar 1 2016 X German Consultant
63 VC16216 Lidar 1 2016 X German Consultant
64 VC16266 Lidar 1 2016 X German Consultant
65 VC16365 Lidar 1 2016 X German Consultant
66 VC16418 Lidar 2 2016 X Chinese Developer
67 VC16431 Lidar 1 2016 X German Consultant
68 VC16456 Lidar 1 2016 X German Consultant
69 VC16484 Lidar 1 2016 X German Consultant
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2.4 Long‐Term Energy Yield Assessment for Operating Wind Farms
The long‐term assessment of the energy production gives an outlook on the expected long‐term energy yield of operating wind farms. It is based on a detailed analysis of the production data from the past operating period of the wind turbines. The short‐term production data is correlated with verified long‐term wind data from different sources. We have performed this kind of service for almost 100 wind farms with a total capacity of roughly 1 500 MW.
Country Long‐Term Prediction for Operating Wind Farms
[‐] [MW]
France 41
Germany 1 408
Netherlands 31
Portugal 18
Total 1 498
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2.5 Wind Resource Assessments and Site Suitability Studies for Pro‐ posed Wind Farms
Based on solid experience in wind resource assessments, the following steps are per‐ formed within the framework of an energy yield assessment for a proposed wind farm: Evaluation of on‐site wind measurement data by means of specific procedures de‐ veloped by Deutsche WindGuard, including a detailed check of measurement data (e.g. in‐situ calibration of the utilised cup anemometers in order to evaluate their consistency during the course of measurements, correction of mast disturbance on anemometer readings, filling of data gaps by specific correlation methods, correction of dynamic anemometer characteristics) Long‐term correlation of on‐site wind measurement data by means of specific pro‐ cedures developed by Deutsche WindGuard, including verification of the available long‐term data by detailed comparison of different data sources (e.g. reanalysis data, data from meteorological ground stations) Flow modelling, optional application of three‐dimensional flow models (CFD) Minimisation of the overall uncertainty of the wind resource assessment by deter‐ mining an optimised weighting of the available data sources using iterative proce‐ dures Analysis of assumed wind turbine power curves for the energy yield calculation; harmonisation of power curves and predicted wind conditions regarding the utilised cup anemometer types Detailed uncertainty analysis and risk evaluation Assessment of the technical losses (e.g. losses due to technical non‐availability of the wind turbines, electrical transmission losses, site‐specific calculation of icing losses in cold climate based on meteorological data, etc.) IEC site classification (i.e. site suitability study), including evaluation of average and extreme wind conditions, flow inclination, vertical wind shear, air density, turbu‐ lence conditions (incl. additional turbulence intensity due to wind turbine wakes), etc. Specifically developed know‐how in the field of offshore wind energy Detailed documentation and bankable reports including solid assessment of risks and technical loss factors Development and realisation of supplementary energy yield assessment techniques, partially with market leadership of DWG: detailed time series based wind farm oper‐ ational data evaluation, post construction energy yield assessment, calculation pro‐ cedures for loss assessments due to grid constraints, calculation procedures for time series based calculation of energy yield compensations due to offshore grid delay
An overview of the energy yield assessments of onshore sites performed by Deutsche WindGuard is shown in the table below. So far, onshore energy yield assessments have been performed for an overall installed capacity of more than 20 500 MW.
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Country Energy Yield Country Energy Yield Assessment for Assessment for Proposed Wind Proposed Wind Farms Farms
[‐] [MW] Jamaica 26 Australia 232 Kazakhstan 425 Austria 184 Korea 78 Belgium 68 Lithuania 123 Bosnia 115 Mexico 729 Bulgaria 40 Morocco 266 Chile 2 Netherlands 516 China 182 Panama 191 Estonia 284 Poland 698 Finland 100 Romania 560 France 780 Serbia 875 Georgia 203 Spain 86 Germany 5 370 Sweden 796 Great Britain 591 Switzerland 138 Greece 292 Taiwan 662 Honduras 7 Turkey 2 623 Hungary 114 Ukraine 321 Ireland 578 USA 1 119 Italy 1 150 Total 20 524
Energy yield assessments for offshore sites mainly in the North and Baltic Sea have been performed for an overall installed capacity of more than 14 000 MW. Details are shown in the table below.
No. Project No. Project Name, Type of Services Client Year Rated Power
1 VC03125 German Bight, Wind data analysis, Assessment of Wind Farm confidential site confidential, Energy Yield, Sensitivity study on wind tur‐ 80 MW bine power curves 2003
2 VC04153 German Bight, Wind data analysis, Assessment of Wind Farm confidential site confidential, Energy Yield, Sensitivity study on wind tur‐ 400 MW bine power curves 2004
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No. Project No. Project Name, Type of Services Client Year Rated Power
3 VC05123 Baltic Sea, confi‐ Wind data analysis, Mesoscale flow model‐ Ventotec dential, 400 MW ling, Assessment of Wind Farm Energy Yield, GmbH Sensitivity study on wind turbine power 2005 curves
4 VC05226 German Bight, Wind data analysis, Assessment of Wind ENOVA Ener‐ site confidential, Farm Energy Yield, Sensitivity study on wind gieanlagen 400 MW turbine power curves, Inclusion of far dis‐ GmbH 2005 tance wind farms in wake analysis, Site suita‐ bility study, Optimisation of wind farm layout
5 VC05226 German Bight, Wind data analysis, Assessment of Wind EWE site confidential, Farm Energy Yield, Sensitivity study on wind AG/ENOVA 80 MW turbine power curves, Site suitability study, 2005 Optimisation of wind farm layout
6 VC05245 China, site confi‐ Wind data analysis, Assessment of Wind confidential dential, up to Farm Energy Yield 200 MW 2005
7 VC08189 Baltic Sea, site Wind data analysis, Mesoscale flow model‐ BFC‐Energie confidential, 400 ling, Assessment of Wind Farm Energy Yield, Consult GmbH MW Sensitivity study on wind turbine power 2008 curves, Site suitability study, Optimisation of wind farm layout
8 VC09027 German Bight, Wind data analysis, Assessment of Wind Innogy Nord‐ site confidential, Farm Energy Yield, Site suitability study, Op‐ see 1 GmbH up to 800 MW timisation of wind farm layout c/o RWE In‐ 2009 nogy GmbH
9 VC09028 nearshore wind Wind data analysis, Assessment of Wind Ventolines farm, confiden‐ Farm Energy Yield B.V. tial, 100 MW 2009
10 VC09219 Amrumbank Wind data evaluation including wind tunnel Amrumbank West, up to 480 calibration of installation devices, Assessment West GmbH, MW of Wind Farm Energy Yield, Assessment of c/o E.ON Cli‐ 2009‐2011 Site Parameters as required for the Design mate & Re‐ Basis, Combined Evaluation of wind and newables MetOcean data, Sensitivity study on wake Central Eu‐ influences, Assessment of daily variation of rope GmbH power output on time series basis
11 VC10158 Arkona‐Becken Wind data evaluation including wind tunnel AWE Arkona Südost, up to calibration of installation devices, Assessment Windpark 480 MW of Wind Farm Energy Yield, Assessment of Entwicklungs‐ 2010‐2011 Site Parameters as required for the Design GmbH, c/o Basis, Combined Evaluation of wind and E.ON Climate MetOcean data, Performance of layout opti‐ & Renewables misations with consideration of complex Central Eu‐ wind farm restrictions rope GmbH
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No. Project No. Project Name, Type of Services Client Year Rated Power
12 VC10249 Delta Nordsee, Wind data evaluation, Assessment of Wind c/o E.ON Cli‐ up to 480 MW Farm Energy Yield, Assessment of Site Pa‐ mate & Re‐ rameters as required for the Design Basis, newables 2010‐2011 Combined Evaluation of wind and MetOcean Central Eu‐ data, Performance of sensitivity studies on rope GmbH wake influences, Performance of layout opti‐ misations
13 VC11009 Kårehamn (Swe‐ Wind data evaluation, Assessment of Wind E.ON Vind den), up to 50 Farm Energy Yield, Assessment of IEC Design Sverige AG, MW Parameters Malmö, SWE‐ 2011 DEN
14 VC12105 HTOD 1, 650 Wind data evaluation, Evaluation of large HOCHTIEF MW scale wind resource calculations, Assessment Offshore De‐ of Wind Farm Energy Yield, Assessment of velopment 2012‐2013 Site Parameters as required for the Design Zwei GmbH, Basis, Performance of layout optimisations Essen with consideration of site suitability
15 VC12105 HTOD 2, 680 Wind data evaluation, Evaluation of large HOCHTIEF MW scale wind resource calculations, Assessment Offshore De‐ of Wind Farm Energy Yield, Assessment of velopment 2012‐2013 Site Parameters as required for the Design Zwei GmbH, Basis, Performance of layout optimisations Essen with consideration of site suitability
16 VC11236 Wikinger, up to Wind data evaluation, Assessment of Wind Iberdrola 430 MW Farm Energy Yield, Assessment of Site Pa‐ Renovables / rameters as required for the Design Basis, Scottish Pow‐ 2011‐2012 Performance of layout optimisations with er Renewables consideration of site suitability Offshore, Spain/UK
17 VC11236 Wikinger Süd, up Wind data evaluation, Assessment of Wind Iberdrola to 80 MW Farm Energy Yield, Assessment of Site Pa‐ Renovables / rameters as required for the Design Basis, Scottish Pow‐ 2011‐2012 Performance of layout optimisations with er Renewables consideration of site suitability Offshore, Spain/UK
18 VC11236 Windanker, up Wind data evaluation, Assessment of Wind Iberdrola to 400 MW Farm Energy Yield, Assessment of Site Pa‐ Renovables / rameters as required for the Design Basis, Scottish Pow‐ 2011‐2012 Performance of layout optimisations with er Renewables consideration of site suitability Offshore, Spain/UK
19 VC12378 Aquamarin, up to Wind data evaluation, Evaluation of large BARD Engi‐ 680 MW scale wind resource calculations, Assessment neering of Wind Farm Energy Yield GmbH, Bre‐ 2012‐2013 men
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No. Project No. Project Name, Type of Services Client Year Rated Power
20 VC13083 Kihnu Wind Evaluation of the wind data measured at the Eesti Energia Farm up to 500 site; Evaluation of available regional long‐ SA Taastu‐ MW term data sources to generate a long‐term venergi a 2013 extrapolation of the onsite data, Assessment Ettevõte BU of the long‐term average wind distribution at Renewable the site, Calculation of the expected annual Energy energy yield of the wind farm, Analysis of the uncertainties, Assessment of the site accord‐ ing to IEC wind turbine design parameters for the wind farm configuration, chosen by cus‐ tomer
21 VC13114 Borkum West II Detailed evaluation of production data from Trianel GmbH, operating German offshore wind farm, Devel‐ Lombardenstr. opment and realisation of methodology to 28, Aachen 2013 predict daily and monthly energy yield of German offshore wind farm, relevant for cal‐ culation of penalty payments for grid connec‐ tion delay, Evaluation and assessment of na‐ celle anemometer data for prediction of daily and monthly energy yield of German offshore wind farm, relevant for calculation of penalty payments for grid connection delay
22 VC13169 Wikinger, Wik‐ Reassessment to cover deviating wind farm Iberdrola inger Süd, layout and specific design requirements, in‐ Renovables / Windanker, up cluding: Assessment of Wind Farm Energy Scottish Pow‐ 2013 to 800 MW Yield, Assessment of Site Parameters as re‐ er Renewables quired for the Design Basis Offshore, Spain/UK
23 VC13202 confidential, 330 Wind data evaluation, Evaluation of different Nordsee One MW offshore development scenarios, Assessment GmbH, Ham‐ of Wind Farm Energy Yield, Assessment of burg 2013 Site Parameters as required for the Design Basis
24 VC14075 GlobalTech 1 Realisation of methodology to predict 15‐ Global Tech 1 minutes time series of lost energy yield of Offshore Wind offshore wind farm, relevant for compensa‐ GmbH 2014 tion payments for grid connection delay and outage, and application for several months. Evaluation of nacelle anemometer data and investigation of usability for this purpose; consultancy on grid compensation related questions.
25 VC14130 Borkum Realisation of methodology to predict 15‐ DONG Energy, Riffgrund 1, 312 minutes time series of lost energy yield of Germany MW offshore wind farm, relevant for compensa‐ 2014 tion payments for grid connection delay and outage, and application for several months. Evaluation of nacelle anemometer data and investigation of usability for this purpose; consultancy on grid compensation related questions.
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No. Project No. Project Name, Type of Services Client Year Rated Power
26 VC14134 Dan Tysk Realisation of methodology to predict 15‐ Vattenfall minutes time series of lost energy yield of Germany offshore wind farm, relevant for compensa‐ 2014 tion payments for grid connection delay and outage, and application for several months. Evaluation of nacelle anemometer data, per‐ formance of measurement campaign at off‐ shore wind farm and investigation of usability for this purpose; consultancy on grid com‐ pensation related questions.
27 VC14182 Arkona‐Becken Wind data evaluation; Assessment of Wind AWE Arkona‐ Südost, 385 MW Farm Energy Yield; Assessment of Site Pa‐ Windpark rameters as required for the Design Basis; Entwicklungs‐ 2014 Combined Evaluation of wind and MetOcean GmbH data
28 VC14301 Trianel Wind‐ Evaluation and long term extrapolation of Trianel Wind‐ park Borkum measured wind data, GIS evaluation of wind kraftwerk Phase 2, 200 MW farm area and relating restrictions, calcula‐ Borkum GmbH 2014‐2015 tion of effective wind farm turbulence intensi‐ & Co. KG ty, performance of layout optimization with consideration of area restrictions and effec‐ tive turbulence limitations, calculation of effective turbulence intensity impact on adja‐ cent projects and assessment with regards to permission issues.
29 VC14365 Bard Offshore I, Operational wind farm data analysis, Assess‐ Ocean Breeze ment of Wind Farm Energy Yield on that basis Energy GmbH & Co.KG 2014
30 VC14412 Veja Mate, 402 Energy Yield and Site Suitability study with SIEMENS Pro‐ MW bankable scope: evaluation and long‐term ject Ventures assessment of offshore measurement data, GmbH and 2014 wind resource assessment, analysis of uncer‐ Copenhagen tainties and relevant technical losses. As‐ Infrastructure sessment of the site layout according to tur‐ Partners bulence conditions and wind turbine design parameters.
31 VC15012 Delta Nordsee, Evaluation of measured wind data, Assess‐ Offshore‐ up to 432 MW ment of the long‐term average wind distribu‐ Windpark tion at the site, Optimization of wind farm Delta Nordsee 2015 layout with respect to maximising energy GmbH yield and avoiding exceedances of the design‐ relevant effective wind farm turbulence in‐ tensity, Calculation of the expected annual energy yield of the wind farm, Analysis of the uncertainties and relevant technical losses
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No. Project No. Project Name, Type of Services Client Year Rated Power
32 VC15028 BARD Offshore 1, Realisation of methodology to predict 15‐ Ocean Breeze 400 MW minutes time series of lost energy yield of Energy GmbH offshore wind farm, relevant for compensa‐ & Co.KG 2015 tion payments for grid connection delay and outage, and application for several months. Consideration of complex rules and algo‐ rithms to handle complicated circumstances of the grid outage. Evaluation of nacelle ane‐ mometer data and investigation of usability for this purpose; consultancy on grid com‐ pensation related questions.
33 VC15043 Confidential, 288 Realisation of methodology to predict 15‐ Confidential MW minutes time series of lost energy yield of offshore wind farm, relevant for compensa‐ 2015 tion payments for grid connection delay and outage, and application for several months. Evaluation of nacelle anemometer data and investigation of usability for this purpose; consultancy on grid compensation related questions.
34 VC15051 GlobalTech I, Evaluation and long term extrapolation of Global Tech I 400 MW measured wind data, time series calculation Offshore Wind of the energy yield of the wind farm with GmbH 2015 analysis of technical losses and their interde‐ pendencies, assessment of long term energy yield, relating uncertainties and technical losses for the wind farm project
35 VC15071 Riffgat (Nord‐ Performance of monthly calculations of lost EWE Erneu‐ see), 113.4 MW energy yield for the purpose of quantifying erbare Ener‐ compensation payments for grid connection gien GmbH 2015 delay and outage
36 VC15125 Gode Wind 2, Realisation of methodology to predict 15‐ Ocean Breeze 252 MW minutes time series of lost energy yield of Energy GmbH offshore wind farm, relevant for compensa‐ & Co. KG 2015 tion payments for grid connection delay and outage, and application for several months. Evaluation of nacelle anemometer data and investigation of usability for this purpose; consultancy on grid compensation related questions.
37 VC15251 Bard Offshore 1, Energy Yield and Site Suitability study with Ocean Breeze 400 MW bankable scope: evaluation and long‐term Energy GmbH assessment of offshore measurement data, & Co. KG 2015 wind resource assessment, analysis of uncer‐ tainties and relevant technical losses. As‐ sessment of the site layout according to tur‐ bulence conditions and wind turbine design parameters.
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No. Project No. Project Name, Type of Services Client Year Rated Power
38 VC15502 Merkur Offshore, Calculation of effective wind farm turbulence Merkur Off‐ 400 MW intensity impact on adjacent projects and shore GmbH assessment with regards to permission issues 2015‐2016
39 VC15260 Kriegers Flak, Energy Yield and Site Suitability study with E.ON Wind 602 MW bankable scope: evaluation and long‐term Denmark AB assessment of offshore measurement data, 2015 wind resource assessment, analysis of uncer‐ tainties and relevant technical losses. As‐ sessment of the site layout according to tur‐ bulence conditions and wind turbine design parameters. Work done for the purpose of application at the Kriegers Flak tender, Den‐ mark.
40 VC16278 Nordergründe, Assessment of the design relevant wind tur‐ OWP Norder‐ 111 MW bine parameters according to IEC‐61400‐1, gründe GmbH evaluation of mast measurement data, Power 2016 curve Comparison
41 VC15498 Borssele I und II, Wind Resource assessment and energy pro‐ N.V. NUON 700 MW duction estimation concerning the Govern‐ Duurzame ment of the Netherland's tender for the con‐ Energie 2015‐2016 struction of two offshore wind farm in the Dutch economic zone within the North SEA, participated by Vattenfall, Evaluation of mast measurement data
42 VC16361 Borssele III Energy Yield study with bankable scope: wpd offshore (352.8 MW) und evaluation and long‐term assessment of off‐ solutions IV (378 MW) shore measurement data (mast, LiDAR and GmbH 2016 floating LiDAR), wind resource assessment, analysis of uncertainties and relevant tech‐ nical losses. Work done for the purpose of application at the Government of the Nether‐ land's tender for the Borssele III and IV site.
43 VC16199 Trianel Wind‐ Energy Yield and Site Suitability study with Trianel Wind‐ park Borkum bankable scope: evaluation and long‐term kraftwerk Phase 2, 200 MW assessment of offshore measurement data, Borkum II 2016 wind resource assessment, analysis of uncer‐ GmbH & Co. tainties and relevant technical losses. As‐ KG sessment of the site layout according to tur‐ bulence conditions.
44 VC16040 Global Tech I, Evaluation of LiDAR‐Data from offshore sub‐ Global Tech I 400 MW station and calculation of time series of wind Offshore Wind speed and wind direction at hub height of the GmbH 2016 wind turbines, as basis for detailed evaluation of turbine loading and operational behaviour.
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No. Project No. Project Name, Type of Services Client Year Rated Power
45 VC16105 Offshore Wind‐ Realisation of methodology to predict 15‐ Offshore‐ park RIFFGAT, minutes time series of lost energy yield of Windpark 113,4 MW, Off‐ offshore wind farm, relevant for compensa‐ RIFFGAT 2016 shore Windpark tion payments for grid connection delay and GmbH & Co. Dan Tysk, 288 outage, and application for several months. KG MW Evaluation of nacelle anemometer data, per‐ formance of measurement campaign at off‐ shore wind farm and investigation of usability for this purpose; consulting on grid compen‐ sation related questions.
46 VC16179 Gode Wind 1, Realisation of methodology to predict 15‐ DONG Energy, 330 MW minutes time series of lost energy yield of Germany offshore wind farm, relevant for compensa‐ tion payments for grid connection delay and outage, and application for several months. Evaluation of nacelle anemometer data, per‐ formance of measurement campaign at off‐ shore wind farm and investigation of usability for this purpose; consulting on grid compen‐ sation related questions.
47 VC16187 Bard Offshore I, Detailed MetOcean evaluation, including off‐ Ocean Breeze 400 MW shore wind measurement data recalculated to Energy GmbH hub height and hindcast data from hydrologi‐ & Co. KG 2016 cal study.
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2.6 Concept Studies and Pre‐Evaluations for Energy Yield Assess‐ ments
The conception of wind resource assessments as a preparation for energy yield predic‐ tions usually includes the following activities: Layout for wind measurement campaigns, depending on the accuracy required at different stages of project development (i.e. measurement set‐up according to the current standards, determination of suitable met mast locations in the area) Survey and pre‐evaluation of available long‐term data sources usable for the long‐ term assessment Preparation of flow modelling, pre‐estimation of uncertainties
The following table gives an overview of the realised concept studies:
Country Number of Sites Country Number of Sites
Brazil 5 Kazakhstan 1
Bulgaria 1 Morocco 6
Chile 1 Netherlands 7
China 1 Poland 1
Croatia 3 Romania 2
Czech Republic 1 Serbia 1
Egypt 1 Spain 2
Estonia 1 Sweden 2
Finland 1 Taiwan 1
France 15 Thailand 1
Germany 96 Turkey 14
Great Britain 17 Ukraine 7
Greece 6 USA 1
Hungary 1 Vietnam 1
Ireland 3 Total 210
Italy 10
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2.7 Research & Development Activities in the Field of Site Assessment
The following R&D‐activities in the field of site assessment have been performed by Deutsche WindGuard since 2001 Introduction of detailed uncertainty surveys for wind resource assessments in the German wind energy market in 2001, development of risk management system in co‐operation with German banks Development and market introduction of overall evaluation of different wind re‐ source assessments for the same wind farm (sometimes referred to as master as‐ sessment), 2001‐2002 Development of procedure for optimisation of wind resource assessments under minimisation of uncertainties (iterative minimisation of uncertainties), 2002 Market introduction of harmonisation between predicted wind regime and wind turbine power curves in respect to the type of the reference cup anemometer, 2001 Development of adaptation of public available wind energy production indices to individual wind farm conditions, 2001‐2002 Development of new procedures to describe the power performance of wind tur‐ bines, since 2002 Studies about the long‐term variation of the wind potential in Northern Europe, 2003‐2004 Development of wind energy production index for Germany and neighbouring coun‐ tries on the basis of NCAR/NCEP reanalysed wind data, 2003‐2004 Member of WindSim test group, a commercially available Reynolds equation solver adjusted to micro‐siting purposes, 2004 Classification and optimisation of cup anemometers Testing and market introduction of LiDAR measurements, since 2004 Development of approaches for the estimation of long‐term production losses due to non‐availability of wind turbines since 2005 Optimisation of flow modelling via CFD models, since 2007 Development of a procedure for predicting energy losses due to rotor blade icing in 2010 Investigation of MERRA reanalysis long‐term wind data, application for international wind farm project sites and development of MERRA‐based wind energy production indices for Germany, since 2010 Influence of forestry areas on flow modelling, since 2011 Optimisation of flow modelling via CFD model “OpenFOAM”, since 2012 Development of procedures for time series calculation of park efficiency and energy yield of offshore wind farms for calculation of grid delay compensation and opera‐ tional data assessment Systematic investigation of accuracy and bias of nacelle anemometer measurement at offshore wind turbines
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2.8 Calculation of Noise Emission in the Vicinity of Proposed Wind Farms
Deutsche WindGuard Consulting GmbH is accredited for calculation of noise emission in the vicinity of wind farms since 2012. Its staff members, however, have several more years of experience in wind turbine noise issues. In the course of wind farm planning, developers and responsible authorities need detailed and trustworthy information about the expected noise emission in the vicinity of wind turbines. Consequently, calculation of noise propaga‐ tion and emission levels at receptor locations around a designated project site forms an es‐ sential part of the approval process. In case the emitted noise of a commissioned wind farm exceeds the legal noise emission limits, individual turbines may have to be de‐rated in pow‐ er or shut down for particular time periods. Hence, the imminent loss of income for the op‐ erator strengthens the necessity of reliable noise emission predictions in the planning phase of wind farms. Wind turbine noise prediction is a complex topic. The sound power level of a wind turbine usually increases with wind speed / produced electrical power. Apart from aerodynamic noise from the rotor blades, mechanical noise can constitute another source of noise emis‐ sion. On the other hand, the noise emission perceived at a receptor location depends also on site‐specific conditions. In this context, we generally analyse the turbine locations and all relevant receptor locations during a site inspection. Laws and noise regulations differ from country to country and customers are often uncer‐ tain, how to meet these requirements. In some countries, the noise emission limits to be ob‐ served depend on how nearby buildings or structures are utilised (residential areas, indus‐ trial areas, etc.). In other countries the acceptable noise emission levels are associated to the level of the (natural) ambient noise at the receptor locations. We can find solutions and pro‐ vide concepts also in complex situations. After commissioning of a wind farm Deutsche WindGuard can also verify the actual noise emission by noise measurements on site (see chapter 6.2).
Deutsche WindGuard offers: Obtaining of all documents needed for the approval process according to TA Lärm (Ger‐ many), ISO 9613‐2 (international), or other country‐specific guidelines Noise calculations based on wind turbine specifications given by manufacturers or inde‐ pendent noise measurement laboratories Calculation of sound propagation and noise emission levels Development of concepts to reduce noise emission when exceeding the critical limits
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The following table gives an overview of the realised acoustic noise predictions:
Country Noise Calculations for Country Noise Calculations for Proposed Win Farms Proposed Win Farms
[‐] [MW] Panama 78
Austria 15 Serbia 157
Germany 2 171 Total 3 456
Morocco 1 035
2.9 Determination of Shadow Flicker Impact in the Vicinity of Proposed Wind Farms
Shadow flicker is one of the most important “optical emissions” from wind turbines, which must be considered during the planning phase. Rotating rotor blades cause a flashing effect by periodical blocking off the sunlight, which may cause disturbance of residents in the vicinity of wind farms. For this reason, the determination of optical emissions from wind turbines forms an essential part of the approval process in the planning phase of wind power projects. For the calculation of shadow flicker impact, factors that must be taken into account are wind turbine hub height and rotor diameter, position of the sun and the geometry be‐ tween the turbine and receptor locations. The main task is to determine the periodical shadow flicker at given receptor locations as a function of time (i.e. time of day, time pe‐ riods per month, etc.) and to provide the relevant statistics of shadow flicker periods to be utilised for the juxtaposition with the corresponding limits given by the authorities. As part of a mandatory site assessment, our experts will analyse the proposed locations of the wind turbines and all relevant receptors.
Deutsche WindGuard offers: Determination of the maximum possible (astronomical) shadow flicker periods (worst case) and the probable time periods (considering cloud cover, etc.) Graphical and calendric description of the shadow flicker periods at given receptor locations Acquisition of all documents needed for the approval process, including the shadow flicker calculation Calculation of the required turbine shutdown times in order to adhere to the limits set by authorities Development of shutdown concepts for wind turbines to be programmed into the turbine’s control systems
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The following table gives an overview of the realised shadow flicker calculations:
Country Shadow Flicker Calculation for Proposed Wind Farms
[‐] [MW]
Germany 2 094
Morocco 150
Total 2 244
2.10 Visibility Analysis
Visual impact of a wind farm is a computer based environmental impact assessment, which can be done in an early planning phase. It helps planners and authorities to in‐ crease the acceptance level of a wind farm project as it shows potential significant visual impacts. Furthermore, it helps the wider audience of an environmental statement to un‐ derstand the nature of these visual impacts through illustration. Forests, villages and other blocking elements can be included in the visual impact assessment. Up until now, we have performed visibility analysis for proposed wind farms with a combined capacity of 100 MW. Deutsche WindGuard offers: Production of maps showing absolute and relative visibility of parts of or the whole planned wind farm (optional visibility: total height or hub height) Production of a photomontage showing the planned wind farm in an almost realistic view, with help of digital terrain models and digitalised wind turbines montaged in a landscape photo
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2.11 Ice‐Throw Risk Analysis
In the course of wind farm planning, developers and responsible authorities need de‐ tailed and trustworthy information about the expected probability of ice impact in the vicinity of wind turbines. In the absence of a legal regulation Deutsche WindGuard developed a simulation based on an empirical database to calculate the individual risk to be struck by ice‐throw in the vicinity of a wind turbine. “Individual risk” is defined as the probability for one person to be struck by ice‐throw of a piece of ice specified in mass and dimension if this person stands still and unprotected on a designated spot for one year.
Deutsche WindGuard offers: Probability distribution of ice‐throw risk of a stopped wind turbine Probability distribution of ice‐throw risk if the pieces of ice are thrown out from the tips of the blades (usually this results in a stop of the turbine, because of imbalances) Probability distribution of ice throw risk of a turbine in idle mode Calculation of the maximum ice throw distances for different wind speeds
We have performed risk analysis for ice‐throw for almost 160 turbines.
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3 Due Diligence and Consulting Services
As one of the leading independent consultants for project developers, banks and inves‐ tors, we offer Technical Due Diligence for onshore and offshore projects. Deutsche WindGuard has been contracted by various financiers and investors, a selection of which is listed below.
List of Banks (Extract)
BNP Paribas, Germany Bremer Landesbank, Germany Commerzbank, Germany Crédit Agricole, USA DAL Structured Finance, Germany Deutsche Immobilien Leasing (Deutsche Bank), Germany Deutsche Kreditbank AG, Germany Dexia, France DZ‐Bank, Germany Helaba, Germany HSH Nordbank, Germany Key Bank, USA KfW, Germany KfW‐Ipex, Germany Nord LB Germany Nord LB New York Oldenburgische Landesbank, Germany Raiffeisenzentralbank Wien, Austria SIEMENS Project Ventures GmbH, Germany Umweltbank, Germany Unicredit, Germany/Italy
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List of International Investors (Extract)
Advent, UK APG, Netherlands ArcLight Capital Partners, USA AREAM, Germany Copenhagen Infrastructure Partners, Denmark Energieversorgung Offenbach AG, Germany EQT Partners, Sweden ewz, Switzerland Fieldstone, UK GE Finance, USA Good Energies Investments, UK Green Trust, Netherlands HG Capital, UK Krubiner Ormor Assets, Israel Macquarie Capital, UK Marguerite, France/Luxembourg MEAG, Germany MEA Energieagentur GmbH, Germany Mid Europa Partners, UK Pfalzwerke AG, Germany Platina Finance, UK re:cap global investors ag, Switzerland Sachsenfonds, Germany Technische Werke Ludwigshafen AG, Germany Viridis Energy, Australia WARD, UK WPD, Germany
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3.1 Technical Due Diligence
A Technical Due Diligence for a wind farm project typically consists of various tasks, proposed by Deutsche WindGuard and/or agreed upon with the client. A due diligence may be performed at different stages of project development (e.g. during pre‐ construction, construction or operational phase). The following tasks are frequently part of a Technical Due Diligence:
Verification and comprehensive evaluation of wind resource assessments Verification of assumed production losses Technical assessment of the proposed wind turbine type and/or manufacturer Technical assessment of infrastructure (grid connection, access roads, cabling, etc.) Assessment of environmental issues Technical assessment of the technical wind farm management and maintenance concept Technical assessment of wind turbine purchase, maintenance and insurance con‐ tracts Technical assessment of power purchase agreements Supervision of civil works during the construction phase Commissioning of completed wind farms, including acceptance tests
Deutsche WindGuard has performed Technical Due Diligence assignments for more than 300 wind farm projects with a total installed capacity of more than 9 000 MW.
Country Due Diligence: No. of Country Due Diligence: No. of Installed Power Wind Installed Power Wind of Wind Farms Farms of Wind Farms Farms
[‐] [MW] [‐] Greece 30 1
Australia 58 2 India 100 1
Brazil 100 1 Ireland 120 1
Canada 4 2 Italy 316 3
Estonia 70 1 Mexico 100 1
Finland 14 2 Netherlands 1 847 5
France 165 12 Poland 120 3
Germany 4 398 253 Spain 1 215 32
Great Britain 46 3 Sweden 321 3
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Country Due Diligence: No. of Country Due Diligence: No. of Installed Power Wind Installed Power Wind of Wind Farms Farms of Wind Farms Farms
Switzerland 7 1 USA 262 5
Ukraine 299 3 Total 9 592 335
3.2 Strategic Due Diligence and Assessment of Wind Turbine Types
The combination of long‐standing industry knowledge with a strong technical back‐ ground forms a sound basis for our strategic due diligence services in the wind energy industry. No matter if you intend to take over a hardware provider, a service provider, a wind farm developer, or if you need advice on a specific wind turbine type or turbine suppliers, we can provide you with comprehensive answers for your decisions.
No. Internal Type of Survey Country Year of Client Project No. Assessment
1 VC04003 validation of storm Germany 2004 German manufacturer regulation
2 VC04195 validation of Germany 2004 German developer turbine type
3 VC06226 advice on turbine type Netherlands 2006 Dutch developer
4 VC07134 validation of two International 2007 US investor turbine types
5 VC07174 validation of different USA 2007 US developer turbine types
6 VC07234 strategic advice for Denmark 2007 Danish manufacturer turbine supplier
7 VC07255 strategic advice on wind Saudi Arabia 2007 German bank farm development
8 VC07263 validation of turbine Germany 2007 British investor manufacturer
9 VC07291 validation of Germany 2007 German developer turbine type
10 VC08090 validation of USA 2008 US bank turbine type
11 VC08171 validation of USA 2008 US developer turbine type
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No. Internal Type of Survey Country Year of Client Project No. Assessment
12 VC08190 strategic advice on wind Europe 2008‐2010 Swedish investor farm developments
13 VC08215 strategic advice on vari‐ International since 2008 International investors ous wind power invest‐ ments
14 VC09012 advice on selection of Germany 2009 German developer offshore wind turbines
15 VC09126 strategic advice for Germany 2009‐2010 German manufacturer turbine manufacturer
16 VC09239 validation of Germany 2009‐2010 German manufacturer turbine type
17 VC10006 validation of two Denmark 2010 Irish developer turbine types
18 VC10019 validation of rotor blade international 2010‐2011 German manufacturer de‐icing system
19 VC10068 validation of Germany 2010 German liquidator turbine manufacturer
20 VC10210 validation of Germany 2010 German developer turbine type
21 VC11069 validation of Germany 2011 German manufacturer turbine type
22 VC10172 validation of two Germany 2011 German manufacturer turbine types
23 VC11044 strategic advice on in‐ Czech Repub‐ 2011 US investor vestment in a generator lic supplier
24 VC11327 strategic advice on in‐ Israel 2011 Israeli investor vestment in a LiDAR supplier
25 VC12059 validation of two Germany 2012 Irish developer turbine types
26 VC12262 validation of Germany 2012 German manufacturer turbine type
27 VC12411 validation of rotor blade International 2012 German manufacturer ice detection system
28 VC13085 study on wind farm op‐ Germany 2013 German bank erating cost
29 VC13271 modification of wind Germany 2013 German bank farm cash‐flow model
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No. Internal Type of Survey Country Year of Client Project No. Assessment
30 VU13003 review of Asian wind Asia 2013 Ukrainian developer turbine suppliers
31 VO13102 support of wind Germany 2013 Spanish manufacturer turbine certification
validation of 32 VC14103 Germany 2014 German developer turbine type
study on wind farm op‐ 33 VC15018 Germany 2015 German bank erating cost
validation of offshore 34 VC15180 Germany 2015 German developer turbine type
validation of small wind 35 VC15259 USA 2015 US developer turbine system
validation of 36 VC151297 Germany 2015 German manufacturer turbine type
validation of 37 VC15378 International 2015 German manufacturer storm regulation
review of power curve 38 VC15435 International 2015 Danish manufacturer testing procedure
VC15435 review power curve test‐ international 2015 Danish manufacturer 39 ing procedure
40 VC16166 validation turbine type Germany 2016 German investor
VC16194 review multiple power international 2016 Danish developer 41 curve testing procedure
42 VC16329 validation turbine type Germany 2016 German investor
43 VC16104 Study on investment Germany 2016 Asian investor opportunities in the German wind market
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3.3 Tender and Contract Consulting
Manufacturers rely on our decades of experience to minimize risks while making their customers an attractive offer. Get the maximum amount of security – with the support of WindGuard. We examine the contracts, evaluate the technical contents, and if necessary, submit proposals for amendment. Fully completed draft contracts are also possible. This service typically consists of the following work packages:
Procurement consultancy Technical validation of wind turbine purchase, maintenance and insurance contracts Independent advice on negotiations between wind farm developers, financiers and wind turbine manufacturers Concepts for warranties for technical properties of wind turbines for developers and manufacturers (power performance, availability, noise emission, power quality, etc.) Concepts for technical wind farm management, maintenance and repair
Country Technical Validation of Country Technical Validation of Wind Turbine Purchase Wind Turbine Purchase and Maintenance Contracts and Maintenance Contracts
[‐] [No. of projects] [‐] [No. of projects]
Argentina 1 Poland 1
Austria 2 Romania 1
Australia 1 Serbia 1
Belgium 1 Spain 1
France 2 Taiwan 1
Germany 52 Turkey 1
International 2 Ukraine 1
Mexico 1 USA 2
Netherlands 6 Total 77
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3.4 Markets & Politics
Deutsche WindGuard has significant experiences in wind energy market analysis, eco‐ nomic evaluation of wind energy projects and the wind energy market in general, as well as wind energy development statistics, cost analysis and assessment of the political framework conditions. Our clients are e.g. governments, associations or private enter‐ prises. We conduct market analyses and political consulting in Germany and also worldwide. For clients from the private enterprise sector, we conduct tailor‐made market analyses and market forecasts. We have consulted the German government for many years on the development and the amendments of the German Renewable Energy Act (EEG). At regu‐ lar intervals, we analyse the cost situation of wind energy projects in Germany as well as the levelized cost of energy. For our scientific advice projects and market analysis, we work on an interdisciplinary basis using the experts from all over the WindGuard Universe. Thus, we can assure that the extensive expertise from very different perspectives is available in our research. This is an important characteristic of our analysis and ensures the high practical rele‐ vance of the results. A selection of our scientific work is presented below. A detailed list is given in Appendix 8.1.
No. Project No., Project Type of Services Client Year Type
1 VW13130 Market Status quo and development of onshore BWE / VDMA continuous Analysis wind energy utilisation in Germany Power Syst.
2 VW14192 Market Status quo and development of offshore AGOW / BWE / VDMA / WAB / continuous Analysis wind energy utilisation in Germany Offshore Wind Energy Foundation.
3 VW14178 Wind Energy Participation in IEA wind Task 26 “Cost of supported by 2009‐ Cost Evalua‐ Wind Energy” BMWi (Fed‐ ongoing tion Comparison of wind energy development, eral Ministry technologies and costs in all countries in‐ for Economic volved Affairs and Energy)
4 VW16165 Political Evaluation EEG 2004 regarding wind BMWI (Fed‐ 2016‐2019 Consulting energy eral Ministry Preparation and monitoring of an experi‐ for Economic ence report in accordance with § 97 Re‐ Affairs and newable Energy Sources Act (EEG 2014) ‐ Energy) Project II e Land‐based wind energy Assessment of current situation of the wind energy market in Germany, deter‐
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No. Project No., Project Type of Services Client Year Type mination of current costs of wind energy and investigation the effects of the EEG
5 VW15151 Research PROMOTioN ‐ Progress on Meshed HVDC Funded by 2016‐2019 project Offshore Transmission Networks the European Seeking to develop meshed HVDC off‐ Union’s Hori‐ shore grids on the basis of cost‐effective zon 2020 and reliable technological innovation in research and combination with a sound political, finan‐ innovation cial and legal regulatory framework programme under grant Biggest energy project in the EU’s Hori‐ agreement No zon 2020 Research Program, including 34 691714 partners from 11 countries.
6 VW15106 Research Exploration of the potential of meshed Funded by 2016‐2019 project offshore grids for the Baltic Sea region the European Contribution to a sustainable electricity Union’s Inter‐ generation, the further integration of re‐ reg Baltic Sea gional electricity markets, and to enhance Region Pro‐ the security of supply around the Baltic gramme Sea
7 VW15110 Wind Energy Holistic data acquisition regarding the BWE/VDMA 2015 Cost Evalua‐ recent cost of wind turbines tion Calculation of levelized cost of energy from wind turbines at several wind sites and sensitivity analysis regarding several cost factors
8 VW14152 Political Analysis of cost of onshore wind power in Israeli Wind 2014 Consulting Israel Energy Asso‐ Assessment of the relatively weak wind ciation conditions in Israel and the resulting cost situation (use of low‐wind turbines) Assessment of the conditions for the use of wind energy in Israel, for example the availability of maintenance services and the availability of the needed infrastruc‐ ture
9 VW13151 Political Reform of the reference energy‐yield AGORA 2013‐2014 Consulting model of onshore wind energy in the con‐ Energie‐ text of the amendment of the Renewable wende Energy Act (EEG)
10 VW13114 Political Evaluation of the research funding of the BMU 2013‐2014 Consulting Federal Ministry for the Environment, (Ministry for Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety the Environ‐ (BMU) ment) Analysis of wind energy related F&E pro‐ jects under the 5th Energy Research Pro‐ gram
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No. Project No., Project Type of Services Client Year Type
11 VW11087 Political Technology Cooperation in wind energy BMU 2011‐2014 Consulting in the frame of the Clean Energy Ministe‐ (Ministry for rial (CEM) the Environ‐ Advice and scientific support ment)
12 VW13145 Political Site sophisticated model of reimburse‐ BWE 2013 Consulting ment of wind energy use
13 VW13153 Wind energy Analysis of cost of onshore wind power BWE 2013 cost evalua‐ projects in various countries (Germany, tion USA, UK and Denmark). Comparison of specific investment cost as well as different wind sites and technolo‐ gies typical to countries under review
14 VW12070 Wind energy Holistic data acquisition regarding the BWE / VDMA 2012‐2013 cost evalua‐ recent cost situation of wind energy pro‐ Power Syst. tion jects in Germany in 2012
Analysis of investment costs and operat‐ ing costs of wind energy projects Calculation of levelized cost of energy from wind turbines at several wind sites and sensitivity analysis regarding several cost factors
15 VW12033 Political Development of a conversion strategy for BMWi 2012‐2013 Consulting / generation systems in the medium and (Federal Min‐ Market low voltage network to maintain system istry for Eco‐ Analysis reliability at high and low frequency nomic Af‐ Investigation of systemic importance of fairs) the connections of decentralized power generation plants and possible develop‐ ment of recommendations
16 VW11053 Political Opportunities and challenges for har‐ BMU 2011‐2013 Consulting bour‐ and shipyard industry concerning (Ministry for offshore wind energy development the Environ‐ Potential of offshore wind energy logis‐ ment) tics for harbours and shipyards
17 VW09143 Political Evaluation EEG 2009 regarding wind BMU 2009‐2012 Consulting energy (Ministry for Preparation and monitoring of the compi‐ the Environ‐ lation of an experience report according ment) to §65 EEG (Renewable Energy Act) Assessment of current situation of the wind energy market in Germany, deter‐ mination of current electricity generation costs for wind energy and investigation the effects of the EEG
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No. Project No., Project Type of Services Client Year Type
18 VW09148 Political Technology Cooperation for Wind Energy BMU 2009‐2011 Consulting in the frame of the Major Economies Fo‐ (Ministry for rums (MEF) the Environ‐ Advice and conceptual design of technol‐ ment) ogy action plans
19 VW10165 Political Political Consulting regarding subsidy for GTZ 2010 Consulting wind energy Optimization of energy policy frame‐ works for renewable energy and program for grid connected wind energy turbines Evaluation of draft law on the support of wind energy projects
3.5 Feasibility Studies for Wind Energy Projects
Deutsche WindGuard has performed approximately 20 feasibility studies in Asia, Africa, and South America. Typically, feasibility studies for wind farm projects include: Site inspections A pre‐selection of sites suitable for wind energy exploration (accessibility, grid con‐ nection, wind conditions, etc.) Wind measurements at selected sites An assessment of the long‐term wind resource A market survey of suitable wind turbines Design and optimisation of wind farm layout and performance of energy yield as‐ sessments Analysis of the electrical utility network, performance of load flow calculations for the entire network Assessment of site accessibility, infrastructure for transportation, installation and grid connection/integration and assessment of related costs Load flow analysis for medium and high voltage systems to propose and analyse dif‐ ferent grid solutions A basic evaluation of environmental impact, comparison with international stand‐ ards Full economic analysis, including financing model (CAPEX, OPEX, etc.) and sensitivity analysis of input parameters CDM analysis Technical and economic feasibility study, evaluation of problems and risks in the project context, regarding wind energy specific and technical issues
A detailed list of the main feasibility studies performed is given in Appendix 8.2.
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3.6 Scientific training
In addition to the Safety Training Deutsche WindGuard also offers scientific training, courses and workshops. Since foundation of Deutsche WindGuard in year 2001 round about 90 courses with more than 2 000 participants were held. A detailed table is given in Appendix 8.4.
4 Wind Farm Operation, Technical Management and Tur‐ bine Inspection
4.1 Technical Management of Wind Farms
One activity of Deutsche WindGuard is the technical management of wind farms. The technical management is the basis for a successful wind energy project, for only well maintained wind turbines with a high technical availability assure investors and banks the forecasted calculated profits. The technical management of wind farms by Deutsche WindGuard follows the requirements of insurance companies for status‐oriented maintenance of wind farms. Technical management includes constant monitoring via remote control, implementa‐ tion and organisation of immediate assistance in the case of error removal, ordering, organisation as well as checking of maintenance. The preparation of maintenance – and management protocols and periodical reports is also part of the service. At present, Deutsche WindGuard manages a total of 212 wind turbines with a total in‐stalled capaci‐ ty of more than 471 MW. A detailed list of these wind turbines and/or wind farms is giv‐ en in Appendix 8.3.
4.1.1 Reference project: technical management of alpha ventus and Riffgat off‐ shore wind farms
With the extensive experience and the long lasting activity in the technical management of wind farms, Deutsche WindGuard was entrusted as partner with the technical man‐ agement of the first German offshore test field alpha ventus as well as the offshore wind farm Riffgat. Prior to this, WindGuard was already acting as consultant for alpha ventus in the areas of operation and engineering.
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4.2 Technical Inspection of Wind Turbines
Technical inspections are an essential part of the operational phase of every turbine. As BWE (German Wind Energy Association) – accepted expert for the recurring inspection on wind turbines, we employ several highly skilled and experienced inspectors. Since 2009, Deutsche WindGuard is accredited by the Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle – DAkkS (German Accreditation Body) as an inspection body for wind turbines according to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17020:2012. We are one of only a handful of companies to hold such an accreditation in the wind energy sector.
Deutsche WindGuard offers several types of inspections on wind turbines: Commissioning Inspections, Recurring Inspections, End of Warranty Inspections Damage Assessments Inspections for Condition Based Maintenance (including vibration analysis of the whole drive train) Acceptance Test (1 to 3 months into operation) and commissioning certification
Deutsche WindGuard has conducted 3 457 technical inspections for almost 70 different wind turbines since 2001. The inspections and tests are performed on all types and brands of wind turbines. Based on the long‐lasting expertise of our team, especially in the research and the evaluation of wind turbine technology, Deutsche WindGuard’s staff members are independent experts on wind turbines. Our technical experts have carried out a great number of wind farm inspections in the past within the scope of technical commissioning, repeated inspections and damage assessment. A detailed list with the type and number of inspected wind turbines is provided in the table below.
No. of No. of Type of Turbine Type of Turbine Turbines Turbines AN Bonus AN‐450 5 Enercon E‐18 9 An Bonus 1.3 5 Enercon E‐20 1 An Bonus 2.0 8 Enercon E‐30 20 Areva M5000 11 Enercon E‐31 2 Enercon E‐10 1 Enercon E‐32 13 Enercon E‐17 5 Enercon E‐40 486
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No. of No. of Type of Turbine Type of Turbine Turbines Turbines Enercon E‐40/6.44 20 Micon M1500 5 Enercon E‐44 36 Nedwind 40/500 2 Enercon E‐44 / 6.44 1 NEG Micon M700 2 Enercon E‐48 69 NEG Micon NM 64 2 Enercon E‐53 36 NEG Micon NM 82 3 Enercon E‐58 39 Nordex N‐29 2 Enercon E‐66 1060 Nordex N‐60 36 Enercon E‐70 409 Nordex N‐90 39 Enercon E‐70E4 64 Nordex N‐100 12 Enercon E‐82 222 Nordex N117 2 Enercon E‐92 14 Powerwind PW‐90 1 Enercon E‐101 86 Repower 3.X 6 Enercon E‐112 10 Repower 3.4M 13 Enercon E‐115 10 Repower 5M 21 Enercon E‐126 12 Repower 6.2M 152 1 Enron Wind 1.5sl 6 Repower MD‐77 10 Frisia F‐48 5 Repower MM‐92 2 Frisia F‐56 5 Senvion 3.2M114 13 Fuhrländer FL MD‐77 6 Siemens SWT‐2.3 1 Gamesa G‐52 3 Siemens SWT‐3.6 60 Gamesa G‐58 39 Südwind N710 1 Gamesa G‐80 72 Südwind S‐70 4 Gamesa G‐87 8 Tacke TW‐60 1 GE Wind 1.5 22 Tacke TW‐500 1 GE Wind 1.5s 10 Tacke TW‐600 5 GE Wind 1.5sl 61 Vestas V‐44 1 GE Wind Energy GE2.5‐119 2 Vestas V‐47 43 GE Wind Energy GE2.5‐120 11 Vestas V‐52 31
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No. of No. of Type of Turbine Type of Turbine Turbines Turbines Vestas V‐66 1 Vestas V‐112 16 Vestas V‐80 137 Vestas V‐126 12 Vestas V‐82 2 Total 3 457 Vestas V‐90 65
4.3 Vibration Measurements / Gear Box Analysis
Deutsche WindGuard provides offline vibration measurements of the whole drive train for those wind turbines that do not have a CMS installed. In combination with an endo‐ scopic inspection of wheels and bearings of the gearbox and an oil analysis, problems and shortcomings can be detected at a very early stage. In total, WindGuard has per‐ formed round about 150 measurements over the years.
No. Internal Country Type of Service Type of No. of Year Client Project Turbine Tur‐ No. bines
1 VW06130 Germany Vibration Analysis Vestas V80 9 2006 German of Drive Train Operator
2 VW06132 Germany Vibration Analysis Vestas V80 4 2006 German of Drive Train Operator
3 VW06133 Germany Vibration Analysis Vestas V80 4 2006 German of Drive Train Operator
4 VW09165 Germany Vibration Analysis Vestas V80 17 2010 German of Drive Train 2011 Operator 2012
5 P09099 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ SWT 2.3 1 2012 German tion of Gearbox Operator
6 VW11025 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Vestas V80, 9 2011 Austrian tion of Gearbox V90, V82, Operator Repower MD 77
7 VW11040 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Vestas V42 1 2011 German tion of Gearbox / Operator Vibration Analysis of Drive Train
8 VW11121 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Nordex N60 1 2011 German tion of Gearbox Operator
9 VW11119 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Siemens 15 2012 German tion of Gearbox SWT 2.0, GE Operator 1.5s, 1.5 sl
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No. Internal Country Type of Service Type of No. of Year Client Project Turbine Tur‐ No. bines
10 VW12068 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Powerwind 1 2012 German tion of Gearbox PW90 Operator
11 VW12062 USA Endoscopic Inspec‐ Gamesa G87 1 2012 US Insur‐ tion of Gearbox ance Com‐ pany
12 VW12076 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Vestas V80 4 2012 German tion of Gearbox 2013 Operator
13 VW13138 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Tacke 1 2013 German tion of Gearbox / TW500 Operator Vibration Analysis of Drive Train
14 VW13152 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Areva 1 2013 German tion of Gearbox M5000 Operator
15 VW13163 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Repower 1 2013 German tion of Gearbox 3.4M Operator
16 VW13165 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Siemens 1 2013 German tion of Gearbox SWT 2.0 Operator
17 VW13180 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ NEG Micon 9 2013 German tion of Gearbox NM64/150 Inspection 0 Body
18 Vibration Analysis German P05005 Germany Vestas V‐42 1 2014 of Drive Train Operator
19 Endoscopic Inspec‐ German VW12076 Germany Vestas V‐80 9 2014 tion of Gearbox Operator
20 Endoscopic Inspec‐ German VW13164 Germany GE 1.5 11 2014 tion of Gearbox Operator
21 Endoscopic Inspec‐ Siemens German VW13164 Germany 3 2014 tion of Gearbox SWT 2.0 Operator
22 Endoscopic Inspec‐ German VW13187 Germany Vestas V‐42 1 2014 tion of Gearbox Operator
23 Endoscopic Inspec‐ Powerwind German VW14104 Germany 1 2014 tion of Gearbox PW‐90 Operator
24 Endoscopic Inspec‐ Powerwind German VW14108 Germany 1 2014 tion of Gearbox PW‐90 Operator
25 Endoscopic Inspec‐ German VW14122 Germany Nordex N60 1 2014 tion of Gearbox Operator
26 German Vibration Analysis VW14204 Germany Vestas V‐80 2 2014 WTG Ex‐ of Drive Train pert
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No. Internal Country Type of Service Type of No. of Year Client Project Turbine Tur‐ No. bines
27 Endoscopic Inspec‐ Repower German VW14222 Germany 1 2014 tion of Gearbox 3.4M Operator
28 Endoscopic Inspec‐ Repower German VW14223 Germany 3 2014 tion of Gearbox 3.4M Operator
29 Endoscopic Inspec‐ Repower German VW14224 Germany 1 2014 tion of Gearbox 3.4M Operator
30 VW15221 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Repower 1 2015 German tion of Gearbox 3.4M Operator
31 VW15111 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Powerwind 1 2015 German tion of Gearbox PW‐90 Operator
32 VW15149 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Repower 1 2015 German tion of Gearbox 5M Operator
33 VW15186 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Powerwind 1 2015 German tion of Gearbox PW‐90 Operator
34 VW15195 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Nordex N60 1 2015 German tion of Gearbox Operator
35 VW15244 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Fuhrländer 1 2015 German tion of Gearbox FL77 Operator
36 VW15132 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Nordex N60 5 2015 German tion of Gearbox Operator
37 VW1657 Germany Vibration Analysis GE Wind 2 2016 German Drive Train Energy WTG Ex‐ GmbH pert GE2.5‐120
38 VW15132 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ Nordex N60 10 2016 German tion of Gearbox Operator
39 VW16150 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ GE Wind 5 2016 German tion of Gearbox Energy Operator GmbH GE2.5‐120
40 VW16153 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ GE Wind 2 2016 German tion of Gearbox Energy Operator GmbH GE2.5‐120
41 VW16185 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ GE Wind 2 2016 German tion of Gearbox Energy Operator GmbH GE2.5‐120
42 VW16220 Germany Endoscopic Inspec‐ SWT‐ 2 2016 German tion of Gearbox 1300/69 Operator
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4.4 Thermographic Boundary Layer Visualisation of Wind Turbine Rotor Blades in Operation
The location of the laminar‐turbulent transition has a direct effect on the performance of an air foil. Thermography has been a valuable tool for boundary layer visualisation for several years in both wind tunnels and other applications. The use of high‐speed, high sensitivity thermal imaging systems in combination with long focal length lenses allows applying this method to megawatt range wind turbines in operation, in which the inves‐ tigated rotor blade and the measurement position are several hundred meters apart. Measurements deliver qualitative information regarding the transition location along the rotor blade, and allow comparisons between different operational states and condi‐ tions.
WindGuard Offers: A high speed actively cooled 640x512 pixels InSb‐focal‐plane‐array with a thermal reso‐ lution better than 0.025 K is used together with a telephoto lens to acquire high resolu‐ tion thermal images of rotor blades in operation. The laminar‐turbulent transition and laminar flow regions are visible on the images. The reduced field of view requires stitch‐ ing several images to obtain a single image of one rotor blade. Since incorporating this service into the WindGuard Universe, we have performed four measurements in Germany and four in Denmark.
4.5 Analysis of Wind Farm Operational Data
The data stored by the wind turbine or wind farm control system (SCADA) has been identified to be a valuable source of information for many purposes. Based on SCADA data, different analyses are possible and offered by WindGuard:
Error statistics and fault analysis Evaluation of wind turbine availability and associated energy losses Evaluation of “true” wind turbine availability (independent from manufacturer’s definition availability) Definition of technical and energetic availability Evaluation of wind turbine non‐availability in terms of energy loss Analysis of wind turbine control parameters, e.g. pitch angle, rotor speed, tempera‐ ture, phase shift between voltage and current Relative power performance analyses Long‐term energy yield assessments
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Country No. of Wind Farms Country No. of Wind Farms
Denmark 2 Netherlands 1
France 3 Sweden 1
Germany 30 Turkey 4
Great Britain 2 Total 48
Ireland 5
The following table contains a few selected reference projects with a more detailed ex‐ planation of the services delivered.
Year Project Name, Type of Services Client Rated Power
2009/2010 Miaoli i Wind Assessment of operational wind farm data: Macquarie In‐ Farm, Taiwan Evaluation of wind farm operational data (SCADA ternational 49,8 MW data), including assessment of the Long Term Infrastructure Average Energy Output. Fund Limited
2010 Confidential, Tur‐ Performance of an assessment of operational Confidential key data with the aim to analyze the considerable 24 MW deviations to the initial energy yield study, in‐ cluding the analysis of possible operational prob‐ lems of the turbines and indications on the pow‐ er performance of the turbines.
2012 Confidential, Evaluation of measurement mast data in combi‐ Confidential Ukraine nation with the analysis of operational wind turbine data to predict the energy yield as well as 57,5 MW to minimize the related calculation uncertainties.
2012 Croisette, France Evaluation of operational data as basis for an Enertrag Ets. 12 MW Energy yield assessment, using wind mast meas‐ France urement data as reference.
2013 Kores, Turkey Evaluation of operational data as basis for an Kores Kocadağ 15 MW Energy yield assessment, using wind mast meas‐ Rüzgar Enerjisi urement data as reference. Santrali Üretim A.Ş.
2013 Bergres, Turkey Analysis and checking the usefulness of opera‐ BERGRES Elekt‐ 70 MW tional data from neighbouring wind turbines and rik Üretim A.S. as result its consideration with wind mast meas‐ urement data for an energy yield assessment.
2013 Borkum West II Detailed evaluation of production data from op‐ Trianel GmbH, 400 MW erating German offshore wind farm, Develop‐ Lombardenstr. ment and realisation of methodology to predict 28, Aachen daily and monthly energy yield of German off‐ shore wind farm, relevant for calculation of pen‐ alty parameters for grid connection delay, Evalu‐
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Year Project Name, Type of Services Client Rated Power ation and assessment of nacelle anemometer data for prediction of daily and monthly energy yield of German offshore wind farm, relevant for calculation of penalty payments for grid connec‐ tion delay.
2013 Battenoert, Neth‐ Analysis of operational data of neighbouring Triodos Bank erlands wind turbines for verifying the mast measure‐ N.V. 12 MW ment data.
2013 Riffgat, Germany Power curve evaluation on the basis of opera‐ EWE Erneu‐ 113,4 MW tional data, additional nacelle anemometer data erbare Energien and additional air pressure data. GmbH
2013 Confidential, Correlation and extrapolation of measurement Confidential Germany data with wind data of neighboring existing wind turbines, extending the measurement data for a 24 MW time‐period of 15‐months, including the evalua‐ tion of seasonal effects.
2013 Project in Sweden Research activity: Analysis of the operational Confidential data (SCADA) to figure out the reasons for the performance differences between actual value and set‐point value
2014 Bard Offshore I Operational wind farm data analysis, Assessment Ocean Breeze 400 MW of Wind Farm Energy Yield on that basis. Energy GmbH & Co. KG
2014 Dalwitz, SCADA data analysis, including the filtering and ewz Erneu‐ Germany correction (as far as possible) of the production erbare Energie data, showing curtailments regarding the maxi‐ 27,45 MW mum power.
2014 Killybegs, Ireland Evaluation of SCADA data, including the assess‐ POWERCON 13,8 MW ment of the operational losses due to non‐ideal WIND Ltd. behavior of the wind turbines.
2014 Trakres, Turkey Analysis of operational data of neighbouring Trakres Elektrik 33 MW wind turbines as basis with the wind met masts Üretim A. S. data for the energy yield assessment.
2014 Confidential, Ger‐ Correlation and extrapolation of measurement Confidential many data with wind data of neighboring existing wind 17,5 MW turbines, extending the measurement data for a time‐period of 24‐months, including the evalua‐ tion of seasonal effects.
2014 Carrowleagh, Ire‐ Analysis of operational data (SCADA) of a neigh‐ POWERCON land bouring wind farm having a higher significance WIND Ltd. 37 MW for the respective conclusions regarding the wind farm energy yield.
2014 Dan Tysk, Offshore Realisation of methodology to predict 15‐ Vattenfall Ger‐
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Year Project Name, Type of Services Client Rated Power wind farm minutes time series of lost energy yield of off‐ many 288 MW shore wind farm, relevant for compensation payments for grid connection delay and outage, and application for several months. Evaluation of nacelle anemometer data, performance of meas‐ urement campaign at offshore wind farm and investigation of usability for this purpose; con‐ sulting on grid compensation related questions.
2015/2016 GlobalTech I, Off‐ Evaluation and long term extrapolation of meas‐ Global Tech I shore wind farm ured wind data, time series calculation of the Offshore Wind 400 MW energy yield of the wind farm with analysis of GmbH technical losses and their interdependencies, assessment of long term energy yield, relating uncertainties and technical losses for the wind farm project.
2015 Gode Wind 2, 252 Realisation of methodology to predict 15‐ DONG Energy, MW minutes time series of lost energy yield of off‐ Germany shore wind farm, relevant for compensation payments for grid connection delay and outage, and application for several months. Evaluation of nacelle anemometer data, performance of meas‐ urement campaign at offshore wind farm and investigation of usability for this purpose; con‐ sulting on grid compensation related questions. Determination of the distance between the wind turbines of the offshore wind farm and the coast‐ line.
2015 Cumbria, Operational data assessment: data evaluation, Stern Wind Great Britain corrections of operational data and long‐term LTD, Stern assessment of operational data conditions; Calcu‐ Wind SARL 16 MW lation of the expected energy yield based on the results of the operational data analysis.
2015 Skalleberg (19,4 Calculation of diurnal and monthly energy distri‐ ewz Atlantic MW), Mungseröd butions (12 x 24 Matrix) on basis of operational Sverige AB (15 MW), data. Sweden
2015 Confidential, Off‐ Realisation of methodology to predict 15‐ Confidential shore Wind Farm minutes time series of lost energy yield of off‐ 288 MW shore wind farm, relevant for compensation payments for grid connection delay and outage, and application for several months. Evaluation of nacelle anemometer data, performance of meas‐ urement campaign at offshore wind farm and investigation of usability for this purpose; con‐ sulting on grid compensation related questions.
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Year Project Name, Type of Services Client Rated Power
2015 Confidential, Verification of two wind energy yield assess‐ Confidential Germany ments for one planned wind farm: 23,1 MW Examination of the analysis and evaluation of operational wind turbine data, including long‐
term‐correlation as basis for the energy yield assessment of two energy yield assessment re‐ ports.
2015 Hyndburn, UK Analysis of operational wind farm data in con‐ Energiekontor 8,2 MW junction with mast measurement data. As basis UK Ltd for the Energy Yield Assessment. Data from the Hyndburn mast was used as reference and for estimating the site wind direction distribution of the operational data.
2015/2016 Fischbach, Germa‐ Evaluation of SCADA‐data as additional source WSB Project ny for the energy yield assessment. The analysis GmbH 6,9 MW implied an examination of incorrect values and the correction of deviating performance.
2016 Schönwalde‐ Energy yield assessment on basis of operational PROKON Re‐ Altenkrempe, data evaluation of reference plants, extending the generative En‐ Germany operational data by means of long‐term data and ergien eG correlation analysis to a time‐period of 21‐ 15 MW months.
2016 Lüdersdorf, Energy yield assessment on basis of operational EE Construction Germany data evaluation of reference plants, extending the GmbH & Co. KG operational data by means of long‐term data and 26 MW of the op‐ correlation analysis to a time‐period of 17‐ erational data months. portfolio
2016 Project in UK Analyse of operational SCADA data and relating it Confidential 10,25 MW to the longer term period of the past 12 years, (project devel‐ having the best possible estimation of the aver‐ oper
age energy yield potential at the wind farm site. /institutional investor)
2016 Project in UK, Analysis of operational data (SCADA) providing a Confidential 16,4 MW more solid basis for investment decisions in ad‐ (project devel‐ dition to the already performed energy yield oper assessment report. /institutional investor)
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Year Project Name, Type of Services Client Rated Power
2016 Project in France, Energy yield assessment on basis of operational Confidential 10 MW data from nearby wind turbines. Combination of the mast’s wind direction distribution and wind speed statistics with the operational data in or‐ der to produce a virtual mast representing the conditions within the existing wind farm.
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5 Wind Tunnel Centre
Optimal conditions for measurements, tests and research for the wind industry and far beyond: that’s what WindGuard’s Wind Tunnel Centre stands for. The facilities for mul‐ tiple fields of application stretch out around 2.500 square meters. The Wind Tunnel Centre opened its doors in 2003 to provide high precision anemome‐ ter calibrations for the wind energy industry. With these calibrations, the accuracy of wind measurements improved significantly. As a 1 % deviation of the measurement from the actual wind speed are reflected in 3 % energy yield loss, this makes a huge dif‐ ference.
5.1 Anemometer and Wind Direction Sensor Calibration and Classifi‐ cation
Deutsche WindGuard is the leading expert when it comes to the calibration of anemome‐ ters and wind direction sensors. Our wind tunnel centre consists of four calibration wind tunnels and one climatic wind tunnel to conduct research on the process of icing on anemometers and wind direction sensors. Deutsche WindGuard also operates a re‐ search wind tunnel with the ability to vary the ambient pressure, respectively air densi‐ ty and temperature at the same time. This further expands WindGuard’s ability to assess anemometer performance and conduct anemometer classification, meeting IEC 61400‐ 12‐1 requirements, even in the newest 2016 revision.
Four wind tunnels specifically designed for anemometer calibrations Accredited by Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle (DAkkS) for the calibration of ane‐ mometers according to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025 Accredited for flow speeds from 0.5 m/s up to 38 m/s Recognized by MEASNET National Metrology Institute of Germany (PTB) is using wind tunnel Varel 2 as one facility to embody the German national standard for the flow speed of air. The na‐ tional standard of flow speed is hence realized through a permanently installed; PTB owned and calibrated, Laser Doppler Anemometer (LDA) within our test section of wind tunnel Varel 2 First ever accepted calibration laboratory for anemometer calibration by the IECRE Own open field test facility for anemometer testing and classification Classification of anemometers according to IEC 61400‐12‐1
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Deutsche WindGuard is also accredited to perform calibrations of the flow direction (horizontal and vertical flow). Therefore we are able to offer calibration of wind direc‐ tion sensors (variation of relative horizontal flow angle) and 2D as well as 3D sonic an‐ emometers (variation of relative horizontal‐ and vertical flow angle). This is indispensa‐ ble when a tractable wind tunnel calibration of wind direction sensors is required.
Accredited by Deutsche Akkreditierungsstelle (DAkkS) for the calibration of wind vanes according to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025 Wind direction sensor calibration according to IEC 61400‐12‐1, Annex N Variation of rel. horizontal flow direction at a range of 0 … 360 deg (continuous or stepwise) Variation of rel. inclination flow direction at a range of ±30 deg
WindGuard has performed anemometer and wind direction calibrations for more than 500 customers from more than 40 different countries worldwide The number of calibrations per year is listed in the table below:
Year Number of Anemometer and Wind Direction Sensor Cali‐ brations
2003 523
2004 862
2005 1 548
2006 2 908
2007 4 298
2008 5 600
2009 7 900
2010 8 850
2011 12 081
2012 17 300
2013 16 500
2014 18 685
2015 18 430
2016 18 500
Total 133 985
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5.2 2D Airfoil Measurements in Acoustically Optimised Large Wind Tunnel in Bremerhaven
Deutsche WindGuard offers 2D airfoil measurements at Reynolds numbers of up to 6 million, with wind speed of up to 100 m/s. The test section dimensions are (W x H x L) = (2.7m x 1.25m x 5m). The maximum airfoil chord in the test section is 900mm. Standard measurements include: ‐ 2D airfoil measurements (with surface pressure measurements, wall pressure measurements, wake rake and force balances) ‐ Laminar/turbulent transition location measurements using high‐speed thermog‐ raphy ‐ 360 degree polars (with fully equipped models) ‐ Tip or Winglet tests (at speeds of up to 50 m/s) Additional tests such as calibration of sensors, load measurements on components, etc. can be offered upon request.
See table below for details:
Country Number of Turbines
Denmark 8
France 1
Germany 22
Netherlands 1
Total 32
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6 Measurements on Wind Turbines
6.1 Wind Turbine Power Curve Testing
Deutsche WindGuard is accredited as a testing laboratory for the measurement of wind turbine power curves. Apart from measurements according to accepted standards, Deutsche WindGuard has developed some additional methods to verify the power per‐ formance of wind turbines, in part without application of a costly met mast. The power performance of wind turbines often deviates from the guaranteed power curve or from that power curve, which is measured at the same type of turbine under other conditions. Furthermore, the wind turbine power performance is often not opti‐ mised. The verification of power curves in wind farms is a service that is increasingly asked for by wind farm operators in order to verify the performance guaranteed by the manufacturer or to identify potential for optimisation. So far, Deutsche WindGuard has analysed power curves of wind turbines with an overall power of around 600 MW in wind farms with a total capacity of about 6 GW. The main characteristics of our services are: Accredited according to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 for power performance meas‐ urements according to IEC 61400‐12‐1 Ed.1, draft of IEC 61400‐12‐1 Ed.2, IEC 61400‐12‐2 and the German Guideline TR2 (FGW) and accepted by MEASNET Extensive experience with new technologies, like application of nacelle LiDARS, scanning LiDARs on the tower foot and numerical site calibrations Efficient verification of each wind turbine within a wind farm by application of Inte‐ gral or Relative Power Curve Analysis Results are well accepted by wind turbine manufacturers Technical elaboration of guarantees regarding the verification procedure, fulfilment criteria and modes of payment Experience with certification measurements at wind turbines from 30 kW to 7.5 MW Hired by different wind turbine manufacturers for advice, research and development in the field of improving procedures for power performance testing: investigation of influence of meteorological conditions on power performance, new LiDAR applica‐ tions, application of nacelle anemometry, application of numerical site calibration, improvement of terms of power curve warranties, uncertainty analysis, uncertainty reduction by multiple turbine testing
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Country No. of Rated Power of Project Projects Tested Turbines Capacity
[‐] [‐] [MW] [MW]
Australia 3 25 621
Bulgaria 2 18 312
China 1 3 3
Colombia 1 1 1
Croatia 1 3 34
Denmark 4 13 466
Finland 1 3 3
France 1 2 12
Germany 54 366 1 201
Great Britain 5 27 1 320
Italy 3 23 149
Macedonia 1 2 37
Netherlands 1 3 3
Romania 2 24 381
Sweden 2 14 288
Turkey 3 12 45
Ukraine 2 24 200
United States of America 1 5 152
Total 88 568 5 228
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6.2 Acoustic Noise Measurements on Wind Turbines
Deutsche WindGuard Consulting GmbH is accredited for acoustic noise measurements since 2012 and achieved conformity with the Fördergesellschaft Windenergie und an‐ dere dezentrale Energien (FGW e.V.) requirements for acoustic noise measurements on wind turbines.
Standardised acoustic noise measurements on wind turbines are usually performed ac‐ cording to IEC 61400‐11. Major quantities to describe the noise characteristics of a wind turbine are the overall sound power level, so called “tonality” (mostly due to mechanical noise components) and impulsivity (periodical sound power fluctuations). In individual cases, analysis of low frequency noise is of interest. We offer acoustic noise measure‐ ments according to the state‐of‐the‐art standards and procedures as well as specific analyses requested by our clients. In general, standardised noise measurements are also part of the turbine certification process.
The dominating part of the acoustic noise emission is usually caused by the aerodynamic noise from the rotor blades. Adverse effects on the overall sound power level can espe‐ cially be caused by an unfavourable design of blade tips. Another noise source is me‐ chanical noise caused by the gear box, the generator, different aggregates or the invert‐ er. In general, different noise sources can be identified by a detailed analysis of noise spectra (i.e. frequency analysis). This way, valuable indications can be provided to wind turbine suppliers or owners, on how to reduce the noise emission and how to remedy unwanted noise characteristics. WindGuard staff members look back on many years of experience gained from hundreds of commercial noise measurements and, also, various international research projects on aerodynamic noise reduction, optimisation of meas‐ urement procedures and outdoor noise propagation.
After a wind farm has been commissioned, verification of the acoustic noise emission may be requested by local authorities – sometimes at regular intervals throughout the operating period of wind farms, in order to ensure observation of the (legal) noise limits. Also, noise verification measurements are offered by Deutsche WindGuard, utilising measurement techniques specifically developed for outdoor measurements under windy conditions.
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Wind Guard offers: Independent and professional noise measurements according to state‐of‐the‐art pro‐ cedures and standards (e.g. IEC 61400‐11), e.g. for prototype testing and certification Verification measurements after wind farm commissioning Consulting services for any kind of wind turbine noise related issues (noise reduc‐ tion, optimisation, individual analyses, etc.)
The following table gives an overview of the performed noise measurements (only those performed under WindGuard employment):
Country No. of Turbines
Austria 27
Belgium 3
Finland 3
Germany 147
Total 180
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6.3 Load Measurements on Wind Turbines
Deutsche WindGuard has been accredited as a testing laboratory for the measurement of mechanical loads at wind turbines since 2013. Apart from measurements for certifica‐ tion purposes according to IEC 61400‐13 standard, Deutsche WindGuard supports man‐ ufacturers with different types of measurements for internal design optimization. Currently the mechanical load group in cooperation with turbine manufacturers per‐ forms test‐measurements with the scope the further development of measurement technics, long term monitoring and measurements at hybrid towers. The group is also involved in the IEC 61400‐13 maintenance group, which currently developed a new re‐ vision of the standard.
No. Internal Country Capacity of No. of Year of Client Project Turbine Turbines Measurement No.
[‐] [‐] [‐] [MW] [‐] [‐] [‐]
1 Internal Germany 3,4 1 2013 WindGuard
2 VC14233 Germany 3,4 1 2014 University
3 VC15369 Germany 3,2 1 2015 Manufacturer
4 VC15228 Finland 2,5 1 2015 Manufacturer
5 VC16039 Germany Drive Train 1 2016 Manufacturer
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7 Offshore‐Services
WindGuard participated actively in and promoted the development of offshore wind energy in Germany from the very beginning. Since 2010, Deutsche WindGuard Offshore has pooled the expertise within the WindGuard Group for the offshore wind industry. Alongside certified offshore‐safety trainings, the experts of Deutsche WindGuard Off‐ shore offer their know‐how in all areas of offshore‐consulting. Core areas of activity are technical due diligence, project management and planning, offshore load assessment, offshore structure design, technical support and employer requirements, maintenance concepts and onshore wind park and prototype planning.
7.1 Offshore‐Consulting
Deutsche WindGuard offers consulting services in the entire process of offshore wind farm development – from licence planning to construction and execution planning, as well as during the operational phase. The renowned experts of WindGuard offer high‐ level engineering services and assume the management of subprojects when needed throughout the entire project life cycle. Because of the experience of WindGuard staff and their extensive participation during the realisation and operation of the German offshore test field alpha ventus as well as long year experience in offshore support struc‐ ture design, load assessment and technical support for different German offshore pro‐ jects, WindGuard is one of the leading consulting companies for engineering services in the German offshore wind market today. Various energy yield assessments (see Section 2.5) and other studies (see Section 2.6) have been performed for offshore wind energy projects.
Main reference projects:
No. Internal Country Subject Year Client Project No.
1 VC08061 Germany Technical due diligence: 400 2008 Investor MW offshore‐project
2 Germany QA WEC for offshore works 2010‐ Project owner 2012
3 VO10101 Germany Study comparing different 2010‐ Offshore investor foundation concepts 2011
4 VO10102 Germany Support for technical due dili‐ 2010‐ Project Global gence and consultancy 2013 Tech 1
5 VO11005 Germany Leading of sub‐project 2011‐ Foundation sup‐ 2013 plier
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No. Internal Country Subject Year Client Project No.
6 VO11016 Germany Study concerning flying debris 2011 Project owner of WEC blades
7 VO11011 Germany Evaluation of O&M concept 2011‐ Project BW II 2012
8 VO11043 Germany Manufacturing control of WEC 2011‐ Project Global cast components 2013 Tech 1
9 VO11044 Germany Concept for power curve meas‐ 2011‐ Offshore project urement 2012 owner
10 VO11090 Germany Technical due diligence for 2011 Utility company German offshore project
11 VO11097 Germany Support for technical due dili‐ 2011‐ Offshore project gence, employers requirements 2013 owner for EPC contract
12 VO11040 Germany Technical due diligence: 2012 Turbine manufac‐ WEC prototype turer
13 VO12022 Germany Hazard analysis study for 2012 Turbine manufac‐ onshore WEC turer
14 VO12070 Germany Support for 5MW prototype 2012 Turbine manufac‐ planning process turer
15 VO12080 Germany Study to airdrop of icing at WEC 2012 Project owner
16 VO12093 Germany Study to airdrop of icing at WEC 2012 Project owner
17 VO12176 Germany Project planning support for 2012‐ Project owner repowering project onshore 2014
18 VO12179 Germany Planning, approval, erection and 2012‐ Turbine manufac‐ provision of a wind met mast 2013 turer onshore
19 VO12203 Germany Feasibility and pre‐design for 2012‐ Turbine manufac‐ monopile foundation – offshore 2013 turer
20 VO12245 Germany Technical support load assess‐ 2012‐ Project owner ment and foundation design – 2013 offshore north sea project
21 VO13074 Germany Load calculation support and 2013‐ Project owner verification work 2014
22 VO13087 Germany Study to airdrop of icing at WEC 2013 Project owner
23 VO13093 Germany Technical support of 2013 Project owner installation work
24 VO13102 Germany Technical support for market 2013 Project owner launch of a WEC
25 VO13121 France Product review of a manufac‐ 2013‐ Institution of the turer for offshore products 2014 State of France
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No. Internal Country Subject Year Client Project No.
26 VO13126 Germany Technical support at installation 2013‐ Project owner work‐shimming process 2014
27 VO13144 Germany Manufacturing control of WEC 2013‐ Project owner blades 2014
28 VO13156 Germany Verification of a jacket‐design 2013 Project owner
29 VO13170 Germany Technical consulting for project 2013‐ Project owner execution 2014
30 VO13180 Germany Technical project management 2013 Project owner for sub‐project
31 VO13270 Germany Load calculation support and 2013‐ Project owner verification work 2014
32 VO13345 Germany Study to airdrop of icing at WEC 2013‐ Project owner 2014
33 VO13339 France Product review of a manufac‐ 2013‐ Institution of the turer for offshore products 2015 State of France
34 VO14044 Germany Verification of quality documen‐ 2014 Project owner tation, quality test of individual components
35 VO14046 Germany Technical support for Design 2014‐ Project owner Basis, load calculation and 2015 structure verification
36 VO14104 Germany Verification of structural and 2014 As sub supplier for mechanical engineering WindGuard Certi‐ components fication
37 VO14137 Germany Load calculation support and 2014 Project owner verification work
38 VO14184 Germany Verification of components of 2014 As sub supplier for WEC WindGuard Certification
39 VO14235 France Product review of a manufac‐ 2014‐ Institution of the turer for offshore products 2015 State of France
40 VO14264 Germany Study to airdrop of icing at WEC 2014 Project owner
41 VO14265 Germany Creation of commissioning 2014 Project owner procedure
42 VO14347 Germany Site specific load calculation and 2014‐ Turbine manufac‐ load comparison for verification 2015 turer of suitability of WEC
43 VO14398 Germany Technical support 2014‐ Project owner jacket design OSS 2015
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No. Internal Country Subject Year Client Project No.
44 VO14398 Germany Inspection of a transport 2014 As sub supplier of damage of a WEC Deutsche Wind‐ Guard
45 VO15007 Germany Long term technical support 2015‐ Wind farm opera‐ WEC and TUR foundation 2016 tor
46 VO15011 Germany 7 x study to airdrop of icing at 2015 Project owner WEC
47 VO15034 France Product review of a manufac‐ 2015 Institution of the turer for offshore products State of France
48 VO15086 Germany 3 x project for turbine site 2015 Turbine manufac‐ load verification turer
49 VO15196 China Wind farm evaluation assess‐ 2015 Turbine manufac‐ ment turer
50 VO15198 Germany Offshore site specific turbine 2015 Project owner load calculation ILA
51 VO15210 Germany Offshore wind farm layout and 2015‐ Project owner concept optimization 2016
52 VO15297 Germany Turbine due diligence 2015 Turbine manufac‐ turer
53 VO15306 Germany Offshore wind farm tender 2015 Turbine manufac‐ monopile concept design turer
54 VO16006 China Offshore project consulting 2016 Turbine manufac‐ turer
55 VO16008ff. Germany Life time extension of wind 2016 Windguard Certi‐ turbines, analytic verification ‐ fication several wind farms
56 VO16014ff. Germany Study to airdrop of icing at WEC 2016 Project owner ‐ several wind farms
57 VO16029 Germany Fire protection concept several 2016 Innovent wind farms
58 VO16043 Germany Verification of structural integ‐ 2016 Offshore wind rity caused by turbulence im‐ farm operator pact of neighbouring wind farms
59 VO16044 Germany Verification of extended scour 2016 Offshore wind limit for piled offshore founda‐ farm operator tions
60 VO16058 Germany Technical expert on flange fail‐ 2016 Offshore wind ure / risk mitigation and repair farm operator process
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7.2 Safety Training
Deutsche WindGuard offers advance training courses, workshops and employee training courses on demand that are held in Germany and abroad. The courses are specifically designed and tailored to the needs of the customers. Courses are held mainly in German and English language. Our choice of products varies from crash courses to training pro‐ grams with duration of several months. A regular course programme is offered in the field of safety training for the wind indus‐ try. Safety training covers the whole range of On‐ and Offshore‐projects. The following course concepts are offered on a weekly basis: BOSS – Basic Offshore Safety & Survival – the training for staff working on German off‐ shore wind projects as well as international oil & gas installations COAST – Customized Offshore Awareness & Safety Training – the training for wind ener‐ gy specialists working in Germany and abroad on offshore wind projects GWO Basic Safety Training – The GWO BST standard guarantees training on a high level for the international on – and offshore wind energy industry
They have been designed in a modular structure to offer customers the choice of book‐ ing stand‐alone modules if needed. The main teaching contents cover: First Aid (GWO and DGUV compliant) Manual Handling (GWO) Fire Awareness (GWO and DGUV compliant) Working at Heights (GWO and DGUV compliant) Sea Survival (GWO) Helicopter underwater escape training (HUET) with the use of an (EBS) Emergency Breathing System (incl. Compressed Air EBS) Basic Safety Induction
Whether your mission is onshore or at sea, erecting and maintaining offshore wind farms requires a high level of safety. This makes training in accordance with the latest, internationally recognized safety standards essential for professional work wherever you may be deployed in Europe. Deutsche WindGuard training covers the proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE); rescue from confined space; manual handling; fire awareness; first aid; as well as sea survival, safe boat transfer and helicopter underwa‐ ter escape training. Our training facilities are some of the most modern of their kind worldwide. You will take part in custom‐made courses for on‐ and offshore specialists. At the Wesermarsch Maritime Training Center in Elsfleth (near the city of Bremen, Germany), Deutsche WindGuard combines longstanding wind energy operation experience with extensive nautical expertise.
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Training with Deutsche WindGuard is based on the latest international on‐ and offshore industry safety standards. Deutsche WindGuard is one of the first training providers cer‐ tified by DNV GL Renewables Certification according to the Basic Safety Training Stand‐ ard of the Global Wind Organisation (GWO). Also, Deutsche WindGuard’s HUET‐Training is certified by DNV GL. The management system is certified by TÜV Nord according to ISO 9001. Deutsche WindGuard has performed more than 300 safety training courses with more than three thousand participants. Details can be found in the table below.
Year No. of courses No. of delegates trained
2012 45 371
2013 50 577
2014 49 581
2015 62 888
2016 112 1 195
Total 318 3 612
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8 APPENDIX
8.1 List of Studies and Scientific Policy Advice Projects
No. Project Subject Year No. of Assessment
1 P01101 Offshore study for the German Federal Ministry for the Envi‐ 2001 ronment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety
2 P01107 Offshore study for the German Federal Ministry for the Envi‐ 2001 ronment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety
3 P02126 Project approval and planning “Training And Research Centre 2002 Wind Energy” in China
4 P02129 Research project about grid connection of offshore wind 2002 farms, German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety
5 P02132 Study about the status of the planned offshore wind farms 2002
6 VW03103 Study on behalf of the German Federal Ministry for the Envi‐ 2003 ronment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety within the framework of the revision of the Renewable Energy Law EEG
7 VW03108 Project reviews and due diligence exercise in connection with 2003 the takeover of a wind farm developer (company)
8 VW03117 Market survey and cost study regarding the development of 2003 renewable energies / wind energy (Experience Report on the German Renewable Energy Law EEG)
9 VW03118 Policy advisory work within the framework of the Amendment 2003 to the German Renewable energy Law EEG
10 VW04111 Etrow, Thermography on wind turbines 2004
11 VW04113 Test bench for rotor blades 2004
12 VW04127 Development of an environmental strategy for the utilisation 2004 of wind energy on behalf of the German Federal Environmen‐ tal Agency
13 VW04115 Study regarding the potential of repowering projects 2004
14 VW04118 Offshore Study Greenpeace 2004
15 VW04123 EC‐Asian‐EF; Study trip organisation for visitors 2004
16 VD04079 Feasibility study of test stand for rotor blades 2004
17 VD04001 Technical Consulting for a wind turbine manufacturer with 2004 VD04027 respect to the mitigation of machinery component vibration on a 750‐kW wind turbine VD04042
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No. Project Subject Year No. of Assessment
18 VW05105 Study regarding the development of wind energy utilisation 2005 until the year 2020
19 VW05111 China Wind Energy Centre 2005
20 VW05112 WAB Repowering Study 2005
21 VW05117 Offshore Test Site 2005
22 VW05120 EC‐ASEAN: travel and meeting organisation for visitors 2005
23 VW05128 Power Project, Offshore, Bremen 2005
24 VW05132 Study on behalf of the German Federal Ministry for the Envi‐ 2005 ronment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety regarding the cost of wind energy utilisation onshore and offshore
25 VW05136 Experience Report on the German Renewable Energy Law EEG 2005
26 VD05052 Technical Consulting for a wind turbine manufacturer with 2005 respect to the mitigation of machinery component vibration on a 900‐kW wind turbine
27 VD05063 Development of a sensor for upgrading of a wind turbine safe‐ 2005 ty system
28 VD05087 Conception of a workshop for the Asian‐Pacific Weeks in co‐ 2005 operation with InWEnt, GTZ and Deutschland & Northwestern Polytechnic University (NPU), Xian, China
29 VD05066 Technical consulting services for a power authority in Libya 2005 about the technical management of a wind farm
30 VD05056 Technical consulting services for a Taiwanese power authority 2005 concerning the grid connection of a wind farm
31 VD06098 Technical consulting regarding the development of the wind 2006 energy market on behalf of a supplier
32 VD07108 Technical consulting regarding the development of the wind 2007 energy market on behalf of a supplier
33 ‐‐‐ Presentation IEA on the cost of wind energy utilisation 2007
34 VW07164 Feasibility study on the Offshore Service Vessel SWATH (Small 2007 Waterplane Area Twin Hull)
35 VW07111 List of criteria for the assessment of offshore wind farms, on 2007 behalf of a European utility
36 ‐‐‐ Malta: Study on technical and economic aspects on offshore 2008 wind energy utilisation, on behalf of the German Federal Min‐ istry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety
37 VW 08119 Organisation and implementation of the touring exhibition 2008‐2011 "Fascination Offshore"
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No. Project Subject Year No. of Assessment
38 VW08152 Conception for the technical management of offshore wind 2008 farms
39 VW08155 "Kombi‐KW Bonus": Scientific expert monitoring in the prepa‐ 2008 ration of a bonus for combined power plants according to the Power‐to‐Issue‐Statutory‐Instruments § 64 EEG 2009
40 VW08168 Study regarding the development of wind energy utilisation in 2008 Germany until the year 2014
41 VW09102 Accelerating the Deployment of Offshore Renewable Energy 2009 Technologies (ADORET)
42 VW09105 Status quo and development of wind energy utilisation in 2009 Germany in light of international trends
43 VW09148 MEF‐ Information about the positive effects of wind energy 2009 utilisation in Germany on the economy
44 VW09149 Investigation into (international) wind energy clusters 2009
45 VW09150 Study regarding the development of wind energy utilisation in 2009 Germany until the year 2015
46 VW10165 Consulting services for the Vietnamese Government: Imple‐ 2010 mentation of a Feed‐in Tariff for Wind Energy
47 VW09143 Preparation and monitoring of the Experience Report 2011 2011 regarding the Renewable Energy Law (EEG) according to § 65 EEG‐Act II; Part Wind energy
48 VW09146 Preparation and monitoring of the Experience Report 2011 2011 regarding the Renewable Energy Law (EEG) according to § 65 EEG‐Act II, Part grid integration
49 VW11102 Analysis of deconstruction costs for two wind turbines of 6.5 2011 MW‐class
50 VW11111 Estimation of capability of the harbour of Brake concerning 2011 offshore wind energy development
51 VW11062 Capability‐Analysis concerning Repowering of Wind Turbines 2011
52 VW11087 Advice and scientific support for the Technology Cooperation 2011‐2014 in wind energy in the frame of the Clean Energy Ministerial (CEM)
53 VW09105 Economic of Wind Energy use. Analysis of basic influencing 2012 factors
54 VW11075 Impact of the government draft of the Renewable Energy Law 2012 (EEG 2012) on onshore wind energy
55 VW11104 Estimation of the possible capacity capability of the Offshore 2012 Terminal Bremerhaven
56 VW11053 Opportunities and challenges for harbour and shipyard indus‐ 2012 try concerning offshore wind energy development
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No. Project Subject Year No. of Assessment
57 VW10185 Scientific evaluation and monitoring of Repowering‐Projects 2012 for a local community
58 VW12021 Risks of offshore grids in the German North‐Sea 2012
59 VW12049 State of wind energy development in Germany 2012
60 VW12079 Energy Yield Assessment and economic of a wind energy pro‐ 2012 ject
61 VW12033 Development of a conversation strategy for generating plants 2012
62 VW12010 Assessment of contracts and comparison with the require‐ 2012 ments for the technical operation of wind turbines
63 VT121258 Development of new measurement strategies with enhanced 2012‐2013 quality standard in the field of meteorological measurements for site assessment
64 VE12006 Tag Line Forces during Single Blade Installation 2012
65 VE12007 Acoustic‐aerodynamic optimization of rotor blades on wind 2012‐2014 turbines
66 VC12387 Transfer‐Wind‐LiDAR: Development of innovative calibration 2013‐2015 for wind speed telemetry systems for wind potential and pow‐ er curve determination
67 VW12035 Offshore Test Site‐Research 2013
68 VC12439 Study on the variation of wind potential in Germany 2013
69 VW12039 Offshore Electricity Grid Implementation in the North Sea 2013‐2015
70 VW12070 Study on cost situation of onshore wind energy 2012
71 VW13101 Market analysis with respect to various business options and 2013 potential for transport terminals
72 VW13114 Evaluation of the research funding of the BMU in the context of 2013 the 5th Energy Research Program
73 VW13145 Site sophisticated model of reimbursement for wind energy 2013
74 VW13151 Study on the reform of the reference energy‐yield model of 2013 onshore wind energy use in the context of Renewable Energy LAW (EEG)
75 VW13153 Study on cost situation of onshore wind energy ‐ International 2013 comparison
76 VW13130 Status quo and development of wind energy utilisation in 2013 ‐ 2018 VW14192 Germany ‐ a semi‐annually report VW14193
77 VW13195 Development of a conversation strategy for generating plants ‐ 2014 Type list
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No. Project Subject Year No. of Assessment
78 VW14101 Analysis of cost sensitivities and consulting during EEG 2014 amendment 2014
79 VW14102 Analysis of cost reduction potential for onshore wind energy 2014
80 VW14103 Analysis of possibilities for manipulation of a single step FIT 2014
81 VW14119 Realisation schedule for an acceleration of development and 2014‐2015 grid connection of offshore wind parks
82 VW14121 Analysis of potential priority areas considering distances to 2014 residential buildings
83 VW14152 Cost situation of land based wind energy in Israel – A compar‐ 2014 ative analysis
84 VW14157 Brief assessment on wind turbines generators with perma‐ 2014 nent‐magnet
85 VW14161 Update on remote controllability in the EEG 2014 for turbine 2014 manufacturer
86 VW14163 Prove of site quality as in the reference yield model for wind 2014 turbine
87 VW14194 Analysis of typical wind energy project size in Germany 2014 VW14200
88 VW14199 Assessment of stakeholder structures of wind energy develop‐ 2014 ‐ 2015 ers and operators in Germany
89 VW14207 Projection of revenue generation of wind turbine generators 2014 installed in 2006/07
90 VW14212 Analysis of characteristics of repowering wind turbines in 2014 Germany
91 VW14216 Assessment on market entry possibilities for Korean wind 2014 ‐ 2015 energy companies
92 VW14160 Feasibility study on the sustainable energy supply (wind) of a 2015 large company
93 VW09105 Participation in the IEA wind task 26 "Cost of wind energy" 2009‐2015 VW14178
94 VW15110 Study on cost situation of onshore wind energy ‐ Update 2015
95 VW15124 Consultation during progress of renewable energy act 2015‐2016 amendment
96 VW15134 Economic assessment of wind farms considering different hub 2015 heights
97 VW15136 Review of the calculation of the duration of the initial reim‐ 2015 bursement according to EEG 2014
98 VW15161 Analysis on remuneration for old wind turbines 2015
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No. Project Subject Year No. of Assessment
99 VW15165 Brief assessment on wind turbines for low wind speeds 2015
100 VW15170 Brief analysis on onshore grid connection 2015
101 VW15203 Plausibility check of the economic evaluation of the abolition 2015‐2016 of BorWin4
102 VW15209 Creation of service specifications for Accelerated network 2015 expansion for offshore connection lines
103 VW15217 Suggestion for further development of the reference yield 2015 model
104 VW15252 Support of in the drafting of an opinion on key issues paper of 2015 the BMWi
105 VW15289 Wind energy market analysis EU/USA 2015
106 VW15294 Consultation on the possible remuneration of a wind turbine 2015 according BMWI Key Issues Paper
107 VW15203 Plausibility check of the economic evaluation of the abolition 2015‐2016 of BorWin4
108 VW13205 GEOWISOL ‐ Effect of the geographical distribution and tem‐ 2015‐2017 poral correlation of wind and solar feed on the power supply
109 VW16191 Participation in the international working group of IEA Wind 2015‐2018 Task 26 "Cost of Wind Energy" ‐ Period Three: 2015‐2018
110 VW15197 Assesment for implementation initiative of cost reduction 2015‐2018 potentials in offshore wind energy (UKOW)
111 VW15106 Integrated Baltic Offshore Wind Electricity Grid Development 2016‐2019 (Baltic InteGrid)
112 VW16100 Expert assessment of the BMWi benchmark paper on the Re‐ 2016 newable Energy Act amendment 2016
113 VW16107 Assessment on site quality of wind turbines in Germany 2016
114 VW16158 Possible curtailment of offshore wind farms due to grid capac‐ 2016 ity limitation
115 VW16196 Study on the continuing operation of land‐based wind tur‐ 2016 bines after 2020 (expiry of remuneration period)
116 VW16203 Market potential analysis Europe for wind turbine manufac‐ 2016 turer
117 VW16281 Short assessment on differences in revenue according to EEG 2016 2012 and EEG 2014 for specific wind farm
118 VW16165 Preparation and monitoring of an experience report in ac‐ 2016‐2019 cordance with § 97 Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG 2014) ‐ Project II e Land‐based wind energy
119 VW15151 PROMOTioN ‐ Progress on Meshed HVDC Offshore Transmis‐ 2016‐2019 sion Networks
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8.2 List of Feasibility Studies for Wind Energy Projects
Project No. Country Subject Year Client No.
Feasibility study for autonomous power supply of a town in Mali with a wind‐Diesel system, wind 1 P01102 Mali 2001 GTZ measurements, site assessment, grid analysis, technical concept for wind turbine
Consultation of a utility concern‐ 2 P01104 Colombia ing planning and installation of a 2001 GTZ 20 MW wind farm at la Guajira
Consultation of the Tunisian government in establishing a 3 P01105 Tunisia Wind Energy Department in the 2001 GTZ Department of Energy and the verification of wind farm sites
Evaluation of a 75 MW wind farm 4 P01112 Tunisia 2001 GTZ project with in Tunisia
Verification of a wind farm pro‐ ject in Yemen during its planning 5 P01115 Yemen and design phase as well as an 2001 GTZ assessment of the accessibility to the main grid
Assistance in Project Develop‐ 6 P01127 Colombia 2001 GTZ ment
Site inspection and Concept for German Com‐ 7 VC02172 China Wind resource and wind farm 2002 pany planning at Daheishan
Feasibility study for the local 8 VW03120 Senegal Government for a 50 MW wind 2003 GTZ energy project
Determination of potential wind farm sites in Indonesia, feasibil‐ 9 VW04100 Indonesia 2004 PEMDA TTS ity studies for 12 potential sites district TTS
Determination of potential wind farm sites in Indonesia, feasibil‐ PEMDA Rote 10 VW04103 Indonesia 2004 ity studies for 12 potential sites N’dao district Rote N’dao
Determination of potential wind farm sites in Indonesia, feasibil‐ 11 VW04104 Indonesia 2004 Kupang ity studies for 12 potential sites, district of Kupang
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Project No. Country Subject Year Client No.
12 VW04105 Tunisia Wind measurement systems 2004 GTZ
13 VW04106 Tunisia GTZ‐Tunisia 2004 GTZ
14 VW04107 Algeria GTZ‐Algeria 2004 GTZ
Feasibility study for the local 15 VW04120 Venezuela Government for a 15‐20 MW 2004 GTZ wind farm project
GTZ‐Algeria wind farm Tim‐ 16 VW04126 Algeria 2004 GTZ mimoun
German Com‐ 17 VW05137 Chile Wind farm implementation 2005 pany
Appraisal of wind measurements, 18 VW05141 Chile 2005 GTZ‐Chile Chile
Capacity Building (TERNA‐ 19 VW05150 Senegal 2005 GTZ Program)
Feasibility Study for Potou wind 20 VW09147 Senegal 2010 GTZ farm
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8.3 List of Wind Turbines Managed by Deutsche WindGuard (Technical Management)
No. Project Country Type of Turbine No. of Start of Client No. Tur‐ Contract bines
1 WP002 Germany AN BONUS 1.3 MW/62 6 2001 German operator
2 WP004 Germany ENERCON E ‐ 66 / 18. 70 11 2001/ German operator 2002
3 WP006 Germany VESTAS V80 2.0MW 5 2003 German operator
4 WP008 Germany VESTAS V80 4 2004 German operator
5 WP010 Germany VESTAS V80 2.0MW 9 2004 German operator
6 WP011 Germany Gamesa Eólica G80 3 2005 International operator
7 WP012 Germany Gamesa Eólica G80 5 2005 International operator
8 WP013 Germany Gamesa Eólica G80 7 2005 International operator
9 WP014 Germany Gamesa Eólica G80 5 2006 International operator
10 WP015 Germany ENERCON E ‐ 70 / E4 2 2005 German operator
11 WP016 Germany NORDEX N62 19 2006 German operator
12 WP017 Germany Siemens 2.3 MW 1 2006 German operator
13 WP018 Germany ENERCON E‐ 70/ 65m 2 2006 German operator
14 WP019 Germany Gamesa Eólica G80 2 2006 International operator
15 WP020 Germany ENERCON E‐ 82/ 108,3m 1 2006 German operator
16 WP021 Germany ENERCON E‐ 40/ 6.44 4 2007 German operator
17 WP022 Germany ENERCON E‐ 126/ 116m 1 2008 German operator
18 WP022 Germany Repower 5M/ 129m 1 2007 German operator
19 WP023 Germany VESTAS V66 1,75MW 9 2007 German operator
20 WP024 Germany ENERCON E‐ 66/18.70 3 2008 German operator
21 WP025 Germany VESTAS V80/ 2MW 5 2008 German operator
22 WP026 Germany VESTAS V80/ 2MW 10 2008 German operator
23 WP027 Germany VESTAS V80/ 2MW 4 2008 German operator
24 WP028 Germany VESTAS V42 0,6MW 1 2008 German operator
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No. Project Country Type of Turbine No. of Start of Client No. Tur‐ Contract bines
25 WP031 Germany Nordex N90 8 2009 German operator
26 WP032 Germany Enercon E‐82 1 2010 German operator
27 WP033 Germany Multibrid M5000 2 2010 German operator
28 WP034 Germany Enercon E‐82 4 2010 German operator
29 WP035 Germany Multibrid M5000 2 2010 German operator
30 WP036 Germany Enercon E‐82 5 2011 German operator
31 WP037 Germany Repower 5M/ 117m 1 2011 German operator
32 WP038 Germany Enercon E‐82/ 108m 2 2011 German operator
33 WP039 Germany Repower 3.4M/ 128m 1 2012 German operator
34 WP040 Germany GE 1.5sl/61,5m / AN Bonus 15 2012 German operator 2MW/80m / GE1.5s
35 WP041 Germany Repower 3.4M/ 128m 5 2013 German operator
36 WP042 Germany Powerwind PW90/ 98m 1 2012 German operator
37 WP043 Germany Vestas V126 2 2014 German operator
38 WP044 Germany Multibrid M5000 1 2014 German operator
39 WP046 Germany Senvion 3.4M / 128m 1 2014 German operator
40 WP047 Germany Senvion 6.2M+ NH 124m/ 2 2014 German operator Enercon E‐115 NH135m
41 WP048 Germany Senvion 3.2M/114 NH 2 2015 German operator 143m
42 WP049 Germany Enercon E82 NH 108m 2 2015 German operator
43 WP050 Germany FL MD77 NH 111m/Vestas 9 2015 German operator V90 NH 105m/ Enercon E‐ 48 NH 76m
44 WP052 Germany Vestas V126 NH 137m 12 2016 German operator
45 WP053 Germany Vestas V112 8 2016 German operator
46 WP054 Germany Enercon E115 6 2016 German operator
Total 212
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Reference List of Deutsche WindGuard
8.4 List of Scientific Training Courses
Year Project Subject No. of Country No. delegates
2001 P01104 Training in Project Development, EEPPMM 2 Colombia
2001 P01112 Training Wind Measurements 15 Tunisia
2002 P00001 WPD‐Seminar: "Wind farm projects ‐ Financing and econ‐ 40 Germany omy"
2002 P02101 Workshop: "To configure wind farm projects safety" 32 Germany
2002 P01149 Seminar Nord‐LB: "Financing and risks of wind farm pro‐ 30 Germany jects"
2002 P00003 BWE seminar: wind turbine power curves 50 Germany
2002 P00001 Seminar Commerzbank: "Financing of wind farm projects" 25 Germany
2002 P00001 Seminar College WHV: "Wind Farm Development" 50 Germany
2003 VC02231 in‐house seminar: measure correlate predict methods for 10 Germany wind resource assessments
2003 VC03106 in‐house seminar: flow modelling for wind resource as‐ 4 Germany sessments
2003 VC03191 in‐house seminar: wind turbine purchase and mainte‐ 10 Germany nance contracts
2003 VD03012 Advanced training course over 3 months: "Grid Connected 30 Germany Wind Turbines", Part 1, in the framework of "Post‐ Graduate Training Course" of InWEnt, Deutschland & Northwestern Polytechnic University (NPU), Xian, China
2003 VD03023 Advanced training course over 3 months: "Grid Connected 16 Germany Wind Turbines", Part 2, in the framework of "Post‐ Graduate Training Course"
2003 VD03018 In‐house seminar "Crash course wind energy" for employ‐ 25 Germany ees of a bank
2003 VD03005 In‐house seminar "Crash course wind energy" for employ‐ 20 Germany ees of a manufacturer
2003 P00001 WPD‐Seminar: "Wind farm projects ‐ Financing and econ‐ 35 Germany omy"
2004 VC04014 Seminar Nord‐LB: "Financing and risks of wind farm pro‐ 33 Germany jects"
2004 VC02126 Seminar Nord‐LB: "Financing and risks of wind farm pro‐ 30 Germany jects"
2004 VC04126 Seminar Bremer LB: "Financing and risks of wind farm 30 Germany projects"
2004 VC04143 in‐house: post construction wind farm yield prediction 10 Germany
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Year Project Subject No. of Country No. delegates
2004 VD03148 Advanced training course over 3 months: "Grid Connected 18 Germany Wind Turbines", in the framework of "Post‐Graduate Training Course" of InWEnt in cooperation with the ISET‐ institute Kassel
2004 VD04023 Advanced training course over 3 months: "Grid Connected 16 Germany Wind Turbines", in the framework of "Post‐Graduate Training Course" of InWEnt, Deutschland & Northwestern Polytechnic University (NPU), Xian, China
2004 VC04013 in‐house seminar: "Crash‐Course Wind Energy" for em‐ 20 Germany ployees of a manufacturer
2004 VD04025 in‐house seminar: "Crash‐Course Wind Energy" for em‐ 20 Germany ployees of a manufacturer
2005 VD04086 Course for advances over 6 months: "Wind turbines for 22 Germany peripheral energy supply and grid‐connected wind farms " in framework of "Post‐Graduate Training Course" of InWEnt in cooperation with the ISET‐institute Kassel
2005 VD05087 Seminar over two weeks: "Wind Power Technology" in 15 Germany framework of the Asia‐Pacific‐Weeks, organised by In‐ WEnt and GTZ, Deutschland & Northwestern Polytechnic University (NPU), Xian, China
2005 VD05066 In‐house seminar over 4 days: "Technical management of 12 Germany wind farms" for employees of a power authority
2005 VD05056 Course over 3 days: "Grid‐Integration of Wind Energy" in 3 Taiwan cooperation with a manufacturer for the Taiwan Power Research Institute and the Taiwan Power Company
2005 VD05110 Course over 3 days: "Basics of wind energy and mainte‐ 13 Germany nance of wind turbines " for professional clamberers for industry purposes
2005 P00001 12 days‐Seminar for employees of power authorities con‐ 30 Fiji Islands cerning grid integration of wind energy
2006 VC06152 in‐house seminar: post construction wind farm yield pre‐ 50 Germany diction
2006 VC06220 in‐house seminar: utility scale wind power plants 40 Canada
2006 VC06248 Training Power Performance 5 Germany
2006 P00001 5 days In‐house training course: "Introduction on wind 5 Germany energy, WindPro‐Software and wasp models for Indone‐ sian engineers"
2007 VC06248 two‐weeks‐training course: training in power perfor‐ 2 Germany mance measurements for Chinese engineers
2008 VC08028 Training‐Course‐CLYPG_DEKON 5 China
2008 VW08130 Workshop "Wind Energy" in Turkey 5 Turkey
2008 P00001 2‐days‐training for employees of Deutsche WindGuard 50 Germany
2008 VC08086 bankers in‐house seminar: O&M cost of wind farms 35 Germany
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Reference List of Deutsche WindGuard
Year Project Subject No. of Country No. delegates
2008 VC08105 Training Course Suzlon‐Energy 35 China
2008 VC08106 Training‐Course GTZ 8 China
2008 VC08201 GTZ‐Workshop "Advancement of renewable energies and 3 Tunisia energy efficiency"
2009 VW09104 Training course GTZ for engineers of South Africa 20 South Africa
2009 VC09009 Training Course "Wind Energy" in Stettin 25 Poland
2009 VC09069 bankers in‐house seminar: energy yield predictions 20 Germany
2009 P00003 BWE seminar: due diligence 35 Germany
2010 P00001 Training with employees of a WT‐manufacturer concern‐ 5 Germany ing anemometer
2010 P00001 Training with employees of a WT‐manufacturer concern‐ 5 Germany ing anemometer performance on ice
2010 VK09012 5‐days‐training: "Technical management, maintenance 42 China and monitoring of WT" for Chinese engineers
2011 P00003 BWE seminar: Due Diligence 30 Germany
2011 P00003 BWE seminar: Due Diligence 40 Germany
2011 P00001 Training with employees of WT‐manufacturer concerning 10 Denmark anemometer calibration
2011 P00001 Training with employees of WT‐manufacturer concerning 9 Denmark anemometer calibration
2011 VC11224 1‐day‐Seminar "Problems of investigation and operation 25 Germany of wind farms" for employees of municipal utilities
2011 P00001 1‐day‐Seminar about wind energy in general 20 Germany
2012 P00001 Training for employees of a anemometer manufacturer 4 Germany
2012 P00001 Training for employees of a anemometer manufacturer 5 Germany
2012 P00001 Training for employees of a WT‐manufacturer concerning 4 Germany anemometer calibration
2012 P00001 Training for employees of a wind farm developer concern‐ 4 Germany ing anemometer calibration
2012 P00001 Workshop: Further education and security training for 40 Germany Offshore‐staff
2012 P00001 Presentation of Wind Tunnel in Bremerhaven for mem‐ 12 Germany bers of German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety
2012 P00001 BWE‐Seminar: Onshore wind energy: Financing and direct 100 Germany marketing
2012 P00001 Reliability and damage analysis of wind turbines 50 Germany
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Year Project Subject No. of Country No. delegates
2012 VW11087 Seminar at German Federal Ministry for the Environment, 4 Germany Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety
2012 VC12104 1‐day‐Seminar for banks and investors concerning 48 Germany technical risks on background of financing wind energy projects
2013 VW11091 3‐day in‐house seminar: 20 Ukraine wind farm planning and operation
2013 VC13052 in‐house seminar: 5 Turkey uncertainties of wind resource assessments
2013 P00003 in‐house seminar: evaluation of rotor blade icing losses 10 Belgium
2013 P00001 in‐house seminar: classification of anemometers 6 Germany
2013 VC13041 BWE‐Seminar: Wind‐Measurements, Energy Yield and 90 Germany Economics
2014 VC14354 International VDMI‐Workshop: Wind Resource Assess‐ 40 Germany ment
2014 VC14355 International VDMI‐Workshop: Wind Resource Assess‐ 35 Germany ment
2014 P00001 ICCI‐Seminar: Current Challenges and Standards in Wind 50 Turkey Farm Site Assessment
2014 P00001 BWE‐Seminar: Onshore Wind Energy: Wind‐ 60 Germany Measurements, Energy‐Yield and Economics
2015 P00001 IWES Seminar: Verification of Wind Remote Sensing De‐ 60 Germany vices
2015 P00001 HDT‐Forwind Seminar: Onshore Wind Energy: LiDAR 20 Germany Wind Measurements
2015 P00001 Vestas Workshop: LiDAR and SODAR Wind Measurements 30 Germany
2015 VC13041 BWE‐Seminar: Wind Measurements, Energy Yield and 60 Germany Economics
2015 VC15261 in‐house training for a wind turbine manufacturer: uncer‐ 6 Spain tainties of power curve tests
2016 VC13041 in‐house seminar at a bank organised by BWE: Wind 20 Germany Measurements, Energy Yield and Economics
2016 VC13041 BWE‐Seminar: Wind Measurements, Energy Yield and 30 Germany Economics
2016 P00001 1‐day‐Seminar for banks on impact if the new German 30 Germany Renewable Energy Act on financing, investment and oper‐ ation of wind farms
2016 P00001 Seminar for delegation from Mexico organised in frame of 30 Germany export initiative of German Ministry of Economic Affairs on feasibility studies, wind resource measurements and wind turbine power curve testing
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Year Project Subject No. of Country No. delegates
2016 P00001 3‐day seminar for Chinese wind turbine supplier on vari‐ 15 Germany ous aspects of wind engineering
2016 VC13041 BWE‐Seminar: Wind Resource Assessments, Revenue 25 Germany Assessments
2016 P00001 IWES Seminar: Application of LiDARs for Wind Resource 25 Germany Assessments
Total 2 133
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