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Phillips, Peter T. G. (2012) Bravery and Eloquence: Poetry in the Siyar Shaʻbīyah

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Phillips, Peter T. G. (2012) Bravery and Eloquence: Poetry in the Siyar Shaʻbīyah Phillips, Peter T. G. (2012) Bravery and eloquence: poetry in the siyar shaʻbīyah. PhD Thesis. SOAS, University of London http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/15637 Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non‐commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this thesis, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", name of the School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination. 1 Bravery and Eloquence: poetry in the siyar sha‘bi>yah Peter T.G. Phillips Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD in 2012 Department of the Near and Middle East School of Oriental and African Studies University of London 2 I have read and understood regulation 17.9 of the Regulations for students of the School of Oriental and African Studies concerning plagiarism. I undertake that all the material presented for examination is my own work and has not been written for me, in whole or in part, by any other person. I also undertake that any quotation or paraphrase from the published or unpublished work of another person has been duly acknowledged in the work which I present for examination. Signed: Date: 3 Abstract of thesis: ‘Bravery and Eloquence: poetry in the siyar sha‘bi>yah’ Poetry lies at the heart of the siyar sha‘bi>yah. There are approximately 32,000 lines of verse in the nine major siyar, forming between 4% and 27% of each text. This poetry has been largely unexplored (although occasionally dismissed) by scholars: a fact which suggests that it is peripheral, or in some way irrelevant, to the basic prose text. This thesis aims to show that the poetry does in fact lie at the heart of each si>rah, often playing a crucial role in the plot and always highlighting the main underlying themes. The thesis examines the content and role of the poetry in the following siyar : Zi>r Sa>lim Dha>t al-Himmah ‘Antarah ‘Umar al-Nu’ma>n Bani> Hila>l Sayf ibn Dhi> Yazan Fi>ru>z Sha>h al-Ami>r H{amzah al-Z{a>hir Baybars{. In each case, the text to be examined is that of the current, available printed edition. Given the vast quantity of poetry and text, detailed analysis is restricted in each case to the opening sections of the si>rah, with the length of the section varying (between 45 and 1,173 pages) according to the need to include a sufficient amount of poetry (between 345 and 588 lines). The analysis includes detailed examination of the texts of particular poems as well as more general consideration of categories of poem. It looks at the motivation and effectiveness of the verse as well as its content and role. The study shows that there are considerable differences in the type, content and function of poetry between the siyar, but that in each si>rah poetry is a source of 4 power and prestige and its role is central in presenting the underlying theme and objective of the si>rah. 5 CONTENTS Volume One page Chapter 1 Introduction............................................................ 14 Chapter 2 Si>rat Zi>r Sa>lim........................................................ 20 A. Introduction ................................................................................... 21 B. Section chosen for analysis ........................................................... 22 (i) Volume and distribution of verse ....................................... 22 (ii) Synopsis of section’s plot................................................... 23 C. Example: poem 16 ......................................................................... 23 (i) Introduction ....................................................................... 23 (ii) Text .................................................................................... 24 (iii) Analysis .............................................................................. 26 D. Form and structure of the poetry ................................................... 32 (i) Form and structure of poem 16 .......................................... 32 (ii) Formal characteristics of the poetry as a whole ................ 34 (a) line structure and rhyme............................................... 34 (b) metre ............................................................................ 36 (iii) Structure, style and imagery of poetry as a whole ............. 37 E. Introductory Formulas ................................................................. 38 F. Content and role of the poetry ....................................................... 41 (i) Content and role of poem 16 .............................................. 41 (ii) Content and role of the poetry as a whole ......................... 42 (a) introduction .............................................................. ... 42 (b) difference between verse speech and prose speech ...... 43 (c) revelation of character .................................................. 45 (d) dramatic speech............................................................................47 (iii) The Great Epic .................................................................... 49 6 G. Conclusion ....................................................................................... 53 Chapter 3 Si>rat Bani> Hila>l......................................................... 55 A. Introduction...................................................................................... 56 B. Section chosen for analysis.............................................................. 57 (i) Volume and distribution of verse ..................................... 57 (ii) Synopsis of section’s plot ................................................... 58 (a) Story of Ja>bir and Jubair ............................................... 58 (b) Story of Khad{ra> ............................................................ 59 C. Example: poem 59............................................................................ 59 (i) Introduction ......................................................................... 59 (ii) Text ...................................................................................... 60 (iii) Analysis ................................................................................ 61 D. Form and structure of the poetry ..................................................... 63 (i) Form and structure of poem 59 ............................................ 63 (ii) Formal characteristics of the poetry as a whole .................. 65 (iii) Structure, style and imagery of the poems as a whole ........ 67 E. Introductory formulas ...................................................................... 69 F. Content and role of the poetry ......................................................... 70 (i) Content and role of poem 59 ................................................ 70 (ii) Content and role of the poems as a whole ........................... 71 (a) introduction ................................................................... 71 (b) descriptive verse ............................................................ 72 (c) dialogue ......................................................................... 74 (d) tools of the plot ................................................................... 80 G. Conclusion ....................................................................................... 82 Chapter 4 Si>rat Dha>t al-Himmah ............................................ 83 A. Introduction .................................................................................... 84 B. Section chosen for analysis ............................................................ 85 (i) Volume and distribution of verse ..................................... 85 7 (ii) Synopsis of section’s plot .................................................. 86 C. Example: poem 64 .......................................................................... 87 (i) Introduction ........................................................................ 87 (ii) Text ..................................................................................... 87 (iii) Analysis ............................................................................... 89 D. Form and structure of the poetry .................................................... 91 (i) Form and structure of poem 64 ........................................... 91 (ii) Formal characteristics of the poetry as a whole ................. 93 (iii) Structure, style and imagery of the poems as a whole ....... 94 E. Introductory formulas ..................................................................... 95 F. Content and role of the poetry ........................................................ 97 (i) Content and role of poem 64 ............................................... 97 (ii) Content and role of poetry in chosen section ...................... 97 (a) introduction ................................................................... 97 (b) emblematic poems ........................................................ 98 (c) pre-combat poems ............................................... 100 (d) poems at moments of great emotion ............................. 102 (e) poems
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