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Launching Into Oil Well Drilling 1 Launching into oil well drilling 1 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования «Сахалинский государственный университет» Т. Р. Шаповалова LAUNCHING INTO OIL WELL DRILLING Учебное пособие по научно-техническому переводу (английский и русский языки) Рекомендовано Дальневосточным региональным учебно- методическим центром (ДВ РУМЦ) в качестве учебного пособия для студентов специальности 031202.65 «Перевод и переводоведение» и направления подготовки бакалавров 035700.62 «Лингвистика», 131000.62 «Нефтегазовое дело» вузов региона. Южно-Сахалинск Издательство СахГУ 2012 2 Шаповалова Т. Р. УДК 81'255.2:666.6/7(075) ББК 81.2англ:33.36–923я73 Ш 24 Печатается по решению учебно-методического совета Сахалинского государственного университета, 2012 г. Рецензенты: Прошина З. Г., доктор филологических наук, профессор кафедры те- ории преподавания иностранных языков Московского государственного университета имени М. В. Ломоносова Маловичко М. Г., кандидат филологических наук, зав. кафедрой ан- глийской филологии НЧОУ ВПО «Южно-Сахалинский институт эконо- мики, права и информатики» Шаповалова, Т. Р. Launching into Oil Well Drilling : учебное пособие Ш 24 по научно-техническому переводу (английский и русский языки) / Т. Р. Ша- повалова. – Южно-Сахалинск : изд-во СахГУ, 2012. – 196 с. ISBN 978-5-88811-423-0 Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов языковых вузов, гото- вящихся к переводческой деятельности, слушателей курсов повышения квалификации, студентов профильных вузов и кафедр, а также широкого круга лиц, самостоятельно изучающих английский язык и желающих по- полнить свои знания в области нефтегазовой терминологии. Пособие может быть адресовано старшеклассникам, изучающим ино- странный язык в рамках профильных курсов, отвечающих требованиям «надбазового обучения» и профессиональной ориентации школьников. Цель пособия – сформировать навыки перевода англо-русской нефте- газовой терминологии, помочь студентам читать и переводить аутентич- ные тексты в рамках предметной специализации, общаться на профес- сиональные темы с иностранными партнерами и клиентами. УДК 81'255.2:666.6/7(075) ББК 81.2англ:33.36–923я73 Учебное издание ШАПОВАЛОВА Татьяна Романовна Launching into Oil Well Drilling Учебное пособие по научно-техническому переводу (английский и русский языки) Корректор Г. Д. Ушакова. Верстка Е. Ю. Иосько. Подписано в печать 22.11.2012. Бумага «Inacopia». Гарнитура «Times New Roman». 1 Формат 60х84 /16. Тираж 500 экз. (1-й завод 1–100 экз.). Объем 12,25 усл. п. л. Заказ № 859-11. Издательство Сахалинского государственного университета 693008, Южно-Сахалинск, ул. Ленина, 290, каб. 32. Тел. (4242) 45-23-16, тел./факс (4242) 45-23-17. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] © Шаповалова Т. Р., 2012 © Сахалинский государственный ISBN 978-5-88811-423-0 университет, 2012 Launching into oil well drilling 3 СодеРжание ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ ................................................................................... 4 UNIT 1. Launching into Drilling History TExT 1. Introduction .............................................................................. 6 TExT 2. How the Story of the US Well Drilling began .......................11 TExT 3. The Drake Well, 1850s............................................................16 TExT 4. The Lucas Well, 1901 .............................................................22 UNIT 2. Oil and Gas Field Development TExT 1. Origination of Petroleum ........................................................30 TExT 2. Types of Well Drilling ............................................................34 TExT 3. Well Design ............................................................................42 UNIT 3. Drilling Techniques TExT 1. Cable-Tool versus Rotary Drilling ..........................................50 TExT 2. Rotating Systems ....................................................................56 TExT 3. Preventing Incidents in Drilling ..............................................62 UNIT 4. The Role of Environment in Rig Design TExT 1. Rotary Rig Types ....................................................................68 TExT 2. Offshore Drilling Platforms ....................................................70 TExT 3. Floating Units .........................................................................78 UNIT 5. Companies and Individuals Involved in Drilling TExT 1. Companies involved in Drilling Process ................................84 TExT 2. Drilling Contractors ................................................................87 TExT 3. Drilling Crew ..........................................................................91 TExT 4. Other Rig Workers ..................................................................95 UNIT 6. The Drill Site TExT 1. Choosing the Drill Site .........................................................103 TExT 2. Preparing the Site .................................................................106 TExT 3. Moving Equipment to the Site ..............................................112 UNIT 7. Maintaining Operational Safety in Oil and Gas Industry TExT 1. Operational Safety ................................................................118 TExT 2. Ecology Problems: the Impact on the Marine Environment 123 TExT 3. Oil Spills to the Marine Environment ...................................129 СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ ..................................................................137 ПРИЛОжЕНИя ..................................................................................139 4 Шаповалова Т. Р. ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ Настоящее пособие направлено на профессиональное совершен- ствование специалистов, работающих в нефтегазовой индустрии и использующих английский язык в своей профессиональной деятель- ности. Актуальность пособия обусловливает тот факт, что в России, и в частности, на Дальнем Востоке, в последние годы наблюдаются значительные положительные тенденции развития нефтегазовой отрасли. Переработка и производство нефти и нефтехимических продуктов, строительство и эксплуатация трубопроводов, поставки импортного оборудования на внутренний рынок, внедрение и ис- пользование передовых технологий в переработке и транспортировке нефти и нефтепродуктов – вот далеко не полный перечень междуна- родных проектов, в которых принимают участие российские компа- нии. Для успешного ведения бизнеса на мировом рынке необходимо владение специализированной терминологией на английской языке. Пособие построено по тематическому принципу и состоит из связанных между собой частей (модулей) и приложений, включаю- щих параллельные тексты для переводческого анализа, а также глос- сарий общепринятых терминов. В основу глоссария положен «Современный англо-русский и русско-английский словарь по нефти и газу» (см. Булатов А. И., 2006). Часть терминов заимствована из толкового словаря по не- фтегазовой промышленности (см. Baker R., 1997), переведена, ин- терпретирована и разъяснена автором. Глоссарий упрощает и ор- ганизует самостоятельную работу студентов в рамках предметного содержания, представленного в данном пособии. Выбор модулей обусловлен стремлением автора обратиться к ис- токам развития бурения и сосредоточиться на отдельных процессах, составляющих основу современной нефтегазовой промышленности, а именно: разведка, разработка, обустройство месторождений угле- водородов; бурение и эксплуатация скважин; добыча и переработка углеводородного сырья; утилизация отходов и охрана окружающей среды. Расположение разделов в пособии не предполагает жесткой по- следовательности при их изучении, что дает преподавателю возмож- ность самому определять порядок изучения материала и время, не- обходимое для освоения того или иного раздела. Launching into oil well drilling 5 Каждый модуль включает словарный минимум, тексты на ан- глийском языке и упражнения, предусматривающие разностороннее закрепление специальной лексики, развитие умений и навыков про- фессиональной устной речи на английском языке, английские и рус- ские тексты для письменного перевода и интервью – для устного. Задания различного уровня трудности позволяют строить про- цесс обучения в конкретных учебных группах с учетом индивиду- альных особенностей учащихся, могут быть использованы как для работы в аудитории, так и для самостоятельной работы. Автор выражает надежду, что краткий экскурс в историю бурения нефтяных месторождений, изучение основных процессов нефтегазо- вой промышленности, освоение английской терминологии поможет Вам читать и переводить аутентичные тексты в рамках предметной специализации, общаться на профессиональные темы с иностранны- ми партнерами и клиентами. Пособие предназначено главным образом для студентов языко- вых факультетов вузов, обучающихся по специальностям 031202.65 «Перевод и переводоведение», 050303.65 «Иностранный язык», на- правлению 035700.62 «Лингвистика». Пособие можно рекомендовать студентам профильных вузов и кафедр, осуществляющих профессиональную подготовку специали- стов нефтегазового дела, учащимся профильных классов средней общеобразовательной школы, а также широкому кругу лиц, изучаю- щих английский язык самостоятельно. Автор искренне благодарит рецензентов за ценные советы и экс- пертную поддержку, а также студентов и выпускников Института фи- лологии СахГУ, оказавших неоценимую помощь в процессе работы. 6 Шаповалова Т. Р. UNIT 1 Launching into Drilling History1 TEXT 1. Introduction If you are interested in oil well drilling, a good way to learn about it is to visit a drilling rig. A first-time visit can be educational as well as
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