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British Chemical Abstracts BRITISH CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS A.-PURE CHEMISTRY MAY, 1934. General, Physical, and Inorganic Chemistry, Fine structure of the Balmer lines. W. V. Lincci, 1934, [vi], 19, 13— 15).—Anomalous dis­ Houston and Y. M. Hsieh {Physical Rev., 1934, persion measurements show tliat the intensity of [ii], 45, 263— 272).—A new mcthod of trcating the 15—2P x line of Ca+ is double that of the 1S— interferometer patterns of doublets, involving measure- 2P2 line. O. J . W. ments of the intensities of min. between the members Arc spectrum of chromium under reduced of the doublet and between successive orders of inter- pressure. H. W e r r e s (Z. wiss. Phot., 1934, 32, ference, is applied to the Balmer series. The separ- 278—282).—The spectra in air and under reduced ations of the centres of gravity for the lines Hp,Y s,t pressure are mapped from 2900 to 4400 A. The are much < the calc. vals., and explanations of the “ vac.” lines, although close to those of the solar discrepancy are discussed. N. M. B. spectrum, do not entirely correspond with them. Mathematical representation of the energy J . L. levels of the secondary spectrum of hydrogen. Multiplets in the spectrum of Cu H I . B. V. R . I. Sandeman (Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin., 1932— 1933, R a o (Z. Physik, 1934, 88, 135— 138). A. B. D . C. 53, 347— 353).—Assuming certain vals. for the Paschen-Back effect. I. L-S coupling ; the coeffs. of the higher powers of J(J-j-l), where J is ZP3D multiplets of Zn and Cd. J. B. G r e e k and the ąuantum no., it is proposed to write the energy D . E. G r a y (Physical Rev., 1934, [ii], 45, 273— term form for the rotational spectra of diat. mols. 276).— Obseryed freąuencies and intensities are in as F(J)=[BcJ(J+l)]l[l+v?J{J+l)'], where u — good agreement with thosc calc. by Darwin’s method. 25e/coe, Be is a const., and co< is the eąuihbrium val. N. M. B. of the yibration freąuency. The expression fits Absorption of light by adsorbed bromine. the simpler states of H 2, and is cquiv. to Kratzer’s J . E. H . C u s t e r s and J . H. D e B o e r (Physica, 1934, potential energy espression. An extension is sug- 1, 265—270; cf. A., 1933, 656).— Br adsorbed on gested for states to which the simple form is not CaE2 at Iow pressures gires absorption max. at 2670, applicable. N. M. B. 2520 A., attributed to dissociation into two normal Polarisation effect in helium D terms. Dipole and into one normal and one excited atom, rcspec- and quadrupole effects. E. A. Hylleraas (Z. tively. The energy difference between the mas. Physik, 1934, 88, 108— 113).—Theoretical. corresponds with that between the 2P s/2 and the A. B. D. C. 2P V2 states of Br. The displacement of these two ■ Spectrum of the carbon aro in the red region. bands towards the ultra-violet represents an energy H. B ir k e n b e il (Z. Physik, 1934, 88, 1— 13).—The of 1-9 e.v. H . J . E. region 6000—9000 A. has been photographed and Nuclear moment of indium. F. P a s c h e n and analysed. A. B. D. C. 1. S. C a m p b e l l (Naturwiss., 1934, 22, 136— 137).— Rydberg’s potential energy function and Fine structure of lines in the In rt spectrum leads to transition probabilities. N. R. Tawde (Current the conclusion that the nuclear moment of In is 9/2, Sci., 1934, 2, 293—294).—Band intensity measure- in agreement with Jackson (A., 1933, 200). There ments on the N2 spectrum agree far better with the is no evidence of any new isotope of In . A. J . M. Condon parabola of mas. probabilities based on Nuclear moment of tellurium and selenium Rydbcrg’s function than with Morse’s function, isotopes. S. R a f a ł o w s k i (Acta. phys. polon., 1933, confirming Johnson and Dunstan’s conclusions (A., 2, 119— 123; Chem. Zentr., 1933, ii, 3096—3097).— 1933, 884). D. R- D. Hyperfine structure in the line spectra of Te and Se Intensities in the spectrum of O II. K. G. has been measured. The isotopes have zero nuclear E m e le u s (Proc. N a t. Acad. Sci., 1934, 20, 115— moment. H. J. E. 117).—In order to explain the absence of the m ulti­ Absorption spectra due to excitation of inner plets XX 4956, 4406, and 2419 and the presence of electrons. VI. The Cs spectrum between 1020 4950 in the negative glow of a cold-cathode discharge with Iow c.d., spectra from other sources were ex- and 600 A . due to excitation of the (5p )G shell amined. The possibility of simultaneous dissociation, (Cs I6). H. B e u t l e r and K . Guggenheimer (Z. ionisation, and excitation of the 0 2 mol. by electron Physik, 1934, 88, 25^2). A. B; D. C. impact is considercd. N. M. B. Regularities in the spectrum Celll. V. D. Anomalous dispersion for the doublet JI,K of D a b h o l k a r (Current Sci., 1934, 2, 286).—A note ionised calcium. L. Pttccianti (Atti R. Accad (cf. this y o L, 2). D . R . D. i i 467 4 08 BRITISH CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS.— A. Arc spectrum of osmium. W. A l b e r t s o n a hot metallic surfacc, obtained from the surface (Physical Rev., 1934, [ii], 45, 304—308).—Completo temp., gas pressure, and ratio of the currents carried classifications as transitions between 137 terms of by the ions and electrons. Results for I 2 are in good Os i are tabulated for > 1050 lines, and J vals. arc agreement with those calc. from the lattice energies assigned. The normal state of Os is 5rf66s2(5D.4); of the alkali iodides. N. M. B. the ionisation potential is approx. 8-7 volts. New transition produced by electron impact N. M. B. in helium. R. W h id d in g t o n (Proc. Leeds Pliil. Ulumination of rarified gases by high-frequency Soc., 1934, 2, 491).—A line has been observed in currents. F. E s c l a n g o n (Ann. Physiąue, 1934, [xi], the electron spectrum in Hc corresponding with an 1, 207— 400).— The gases are contained in discharge energy loss of 59-2 volts. I t is not due to three tubes afc the centre of a solenoid carrying a high- successive transitions l'S 0—2'P0 corresponding with freąuency current of wave-length rangę 50— 150 m. energy loss of 03-3 volts. H . S. P. Two stages of illumination are found, one for weak excitation, and a brilliant one appearing only for Emission of electrons under the influence of intense excitation and Iow pressure. Yariations of chemical action. II. General conclusions and the field components show that the first is due a further study of the case of carbonyl chloride. primarily to the electrostatic field, and the second A. K. D enisoff and O. W. R ichardson (Proc. to induced currents. The induccd field alone is Roy. Soc., 1934, A, 144, 40—75; cf. A., 1931, 994).— incapable of exciting the discharge, but can sustain The energy distribution of the electrons emitted in the second stage when initiated. Data arc given for the reaction between K 2Na and twenty-two gases 0 2, and for Ne, A, He, H 2, and N 2. Spectroscopic has been studied. The results can be interpreted observations, and the excitation, by high-fi-equency by the equation Em~E c—<j>, where Em is the max. currents, of at. jets, and Doppler broadenirig are energy of the emitted electrons, Ec is the energy of discussed. N. M. B. the corresponding chemical reaction responsible Theory of positive column with moving for E m, and <f> is the work function of the metal. This relation is generał, and is similar to the funda- striations. M. J . D r u y v e s t e y n (Physica, 1934, 1, 273—280).—Theoretical. H. J . E. mental law of photoelectricity. L. L. B. IC series of aluminium and magnesium. H. Electron and positron. W. H. F u r r y and J. R. O p p e n h e im e r (Physical Rev., 1934, [ii], 45, 245— K a r l s s o n and M. S ie g b a h n (Z. Physik, 1934, 88, 70—82). A. B. D. O. 202).—Mathematical. Dirac’s interpretation of the negative kinctic energy states in his theory of the Weak lines in Ii]3 spectra of molybdenum, electron is developed to give a consistent theory of rhodium, and silver. H . H u l u b ic i and (Mlle.) Y. electrons and positrons. N. M. B. Ca u c h o is (Compt. rend., 1934, 198, 1222— 1223).— Sevcn lines, f3n, p4_9, of each of these elements have Production of positive electrons. J. Ciia d - bcen measured, of whicli two, p8 and S9, are new (cf. w ick ; P. M. S. Blackett, and G. P. S. Occhialini A., 1933, 548, 881). ' C. A. S. (Proc. Roy. Soc., 1934, A, 144, 235—248).—The emission of positivc electroną (positrons) has been Probability of double ionisation in the Ar-ray observed from a Pb target exposed to the y-rays of rangę.
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