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Banda Ancha En Los Países Andinos: CH-1211 Ginebra 20 TECNOLOGÍA, REGULACIÓN Y MERCADO – Suiza ANÁLISIS DE SITUACIÓN Y PERSPECTIVAS 2015

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Banda Ancha En Los Países Andinos: CH-1211 Ginebra 20 TECNOLOGÍA, REGULACIÓN Y MERCADO – Suiza ANÁLISIS DE SITUACIÓN Y PERSPECTIVAS 2015 ENTORNO REGLAMENTARIO Y DE MERCADO Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones Oficina de Desarrollo de las Telecomunicaciones JUNIO DE 2014 JUNIO Place des Nations Banda Ancha en los países Andinos: CH-1211 Ginebra 20 TECNOLOGÍA, REGULACIÓN Y MERCADO – Suiza www.itu.int ANÁLISIS DE SITUACIÓN Y PERSPECTIVAS 2015 Informe Final ISBN 978-92-61-14823-2 9 7 8 9 2 6 1 1 4 8 2 3 2 Precio: 281 CHF Impreso en Suiza 06/2014 Ginebra, 2014 2015 Y PERSPECTIVAS ANÁLISIS DE SITUACIÓN Y MERCADO - REGULACIÓN TECNOLOGÍA, ANDINOS: ANCHA EN LOS PAÍSES BANDA Sector de Desarrollo de las Telecomunicaciones Unión International de las Telecomunicaciones (UIT) Oficina de Desarrollo de las Telecomunicaciones (BDT) Oficina del Director Place des Nations CH-1211 Ginebra 20 – Suiza Correo-e: [email protected] Tel.: +41 22 730 5035/5435 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 Director Adjunto y Departamento de Infraestructura, Departamento de Innovación y Departamento de Apoyo a los Jefe del Departamento de Entorno Habilitador y Asociaciones (IP) Proyectos y Gestión del Administración y Coordinación Ciberaplicaciones (IEE) Conocimiento (PKM) de las Operaciones (DDR) Correo-e: [email protected] Correo-e: [email protected] Correo-e: [email protected] Correo-e: [email protected] Tel.: +41 22 730 5784 Tel.: +41 22 730 5421 Tel.: +41 22 730 5900 Tel.: +41 22 730 5447 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 África Etiopía Camerún Senegal Zimbabwe International Telecommunication Union internationale des Union internationale des International Telecommunication Union (ITU) télécommunications (UIT) télécommunications (UIT) Union (ITU) Oficina Regional Oficina de Zona Oficina de Zona Oficina de Zona de la UIT P.O. Box 60 005 Immeuble CAMPOST, 3e étage 19, Rue Parchappe x Amadou TelOne Centre for Learning Gambia Rd., Leghar ETC Building Boulevard du 20 mai Assane Ndoye Corner Samora Machel and 3rd floor Boîte postale 11017 Immeuble Fayçal, 4e étage Hampton Road Addis Ababa – Etiopía Yaoundé – Camerún B.P. 50202 Dakar RP P.O. Box BE 792 Belvedere Dakar – Senegal Harare – Zimbabwe Correo-e: [email protected] Correo-e: [email protected] Correo-e: [email protected] Correo-e: [email protected] Tel.: +251 11 551 4977 Tel.: + 237 22 22 9292 Tel.: +221 33 849 7720 Tel.: +263 4 77 5939 Tel.: +251 11 551 4855 Tel.: + 237 22 22 9291 Fax: +221 33 822 8013 Tel.: +263 4 77 5941 Tel.: +251 11 551 8328 Fax: + 237 22 22 9297 Fax: +263 4 77 1257 Fax: +251 11 551 7299 Américas Brasil Barbados Chile Honduras União Internacional de International Telecommunication Unión Internacional de Unión Internacional de Telecomunicações (UIT) Union (ITU) Telecomunicaciones (UIT) Telecomunicaciones (UIT) Oficina Regional Oficina de Zona Oficina de Representación de Área Oficina de Representación de Área SAUS Quadra 06, Bloco “E” United Nations House Merced 753, Piso 4 Colonia Palmira, Avenida Brasil 11º andar, Ala Sul Marine Gardens Casilla 50484 – Plaza de Armas Ed. COMTELCA/UIT, 4.º piso Ed. Luis Eduardo Magalhães (Anatel) Hastings, Christ Church Santiago de Chile – Chile P.O. Box 976 70070-940 Brasilia, DF – Brazil P.O. Box 1047 Tegucigalpa – Honduras Bridgetown – Barbados Correo-e: [email protected] Correo-e: [email protected] Correo-e: [email protected] Correo-e: [email protected] Tel.: +55 61 2312 2730-1 Tel.: +1 246 431 0343/4 Tel.: +56 2 632 6134/6147 Tel.: +504 22 201 074 Tel.: +55 61 2312 2733-5 Fax: +1 246 437 7403 Fax: +56 2 632 6154 Fax: +504 22 201 075 Fax: +55 61 2312 2738 Estados Árabes Asia-Pacífico Países de la CEI Egipto Tailandia Indonesia Federación de Rusia International Telecommunication International Telecommunication International Telecommunication International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Union (ITU) Union (ITU) Union (ITU) Oficina Regional Oficina de Zona Oficina de Zona Oficina de Zona Smart Village, Building B 147, 3rd floor Thailand Post Training Center ,5th floor Sapta Pesona Building, 13th floor 4, Building 1 Km 28 Cairo – Alexandria Desert Road 111 Chaengwattana Road, Laksi JI. Merdan Merdeka Barat No. 17 Sergiy Radonezhsky Str. Giza Governorate Bangkok 10210 – Tailandia Jakarta 10001 – Indonesia Moscú 105120 – Federación de Rusia Cairo – Egipto Dirección postal: Dirección postal: Dirección postal: P.O. Box 178, Laksi Post Office c/o UNDP – P.O. Box 2338 P.O. Box 25 – Moscú 105120 Laksi, Bangkok 10210, Tailandia Jakarta 10001 – Indonesia Federación de Rusia Correo-e: [email protected] Correo-e: [email protected] Correo-e: [email protected] Correo-e: [email protected] Tel.: +202 3537 1777 Tel.: +66 2 575 0055 Tel.: +62 21 381 3572 Tel.: +7 495 926 6070 Fax: +202 3537 1888 Fax: +66 2 575 3507 Tel.: +62 21 380 2322 Fax: +7 495 926 6073 Tel.: +62 21 380 2324 Fax: +62 21 389 05521 Europa Suiza Union internationale des télécommunications (UIT) Oficina de Desarrollo de las Telecomunicaciones (BDT) Unidade Europa (EUR) Place des Nations CH-1211 Ginebra 20 – Suiza Correo-e: [email protected] Tel.: +41 22 730 5111 Banda Ancha en los países Andinos: tecnología, regulación y mercado - Análisis de situación y perspectivas 2015 Junio de 2014 El presente Estudio fue preparado por el consultor Licenciado Germán Perez Benitez bajo la coordinación de la UIT/BDT Oficina Regional para las Américas, la Oficina de Area de Chile, la División de Entorno Reglamentario y Mercado (RME), la División de Redes y Tecnologías de Telecomunicaciones (TND), en estrecha colaboración con la Asociación de Empresas de Telecomunicaciones de la Comunidad Andina (ASETA). Por favor, piense en el medio ambiente antes de imprimir este Informe. ITU 2014 Reservados todos los derechos. Ninguna parte de esta publicación puede reproducirse por ningún procedimiento sin previa autorización escrita por parte de la UIT. Las designaciones empleadas en la presente publicación y la forma en que aparezcan presentados los datos que contiene, incluidos los mapas, no implican, por parte de la UIT, juicio alguno sobre la condición jurídica de países, territorios, ciudades o zonas, ni respecto de la delimitación de sus fronteras o límites. Banda Ancha en los países Andinos: tecnología, regulación y mercado - Análisis de situación y perspectivas 2015 Prefacio Es un placer para mí presentar este estudio coordinado por la Oficina de Desarrollo de las Telecomunicaciones de la UIT (BDT), en colaboración con la Asociación de Empresas de Telecomunicaciones de la Comunidad Andina (ASETA), el cual tiene como objetivo proveer un análisis sobre el escenario de los países andinos (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú y Venezuela) con respecto a tres importantes aspectos del desarrollo de la Banda Ancha: la tecnología, la regulación y el mercado. A través de la investigación y del trabajo de campo llevados a cabo, el presente estudio analiza y discute las tendencias y perspectivas de la Banda Ancha en relación con la oferta y la demanda de servicios, la regulación, los marcos institucionales existentes relacionados con el sector de las telecomunicaciones en cada uno de los cinco países, sin olvidar la elaboración de los planes nacionales de implementación de la Banda Ancha. El desarrollo de este trabajo ha permitido verificar que a pesar de las diferencias y particularidades existentes en la Subregión Andina en lo concerniente al sector de las telecomunicaciones y las TIC, existe un consenso sobre el papel central que la Banda Ancha está jugando en el desarrollo de las sociedades, a nivel de los negocios y del progreso social y económico, incluyendo la relación de los ciudadanos entre sí y con la administración pública. Cabe resaltar que la Banda Ancha proporciona y facilita, entre otros, la capacidad de enlace entre las TIC y la educación y la mejora de su oferta ejerce un impacto directo en la sociedad y en la economía. El acceso a la Banda Ancha tiene relación directa con la competitividad de los países y con el desarrollo de todos los demás sectores, tales como la salud, la energía y el transporte, los cuales trabajan para la reducción de la pobreza y el bienestar de todos los ciudadanos. En este sentido, confío en que las conclusiones de este estudio podrán servir como una guía importante para ayudar a los Miembros de la Subregión Andina en la definición de políticas públicas que promuevan cada vez más los beneficios que el mercado de la Banda Ancha y las TIC en general pueden brindar a la sociedad. Brahima Sanou Director Oficina de Desarrollo de las Telecomunicaciones iii Banda Ancha en los países Andinos: tecnología, regulación y mercado - Análisis de situación y perspectivas 2015 Índice Página CAPITULO 1 – Introducción ............................................................................................................ 1 CAPITULO 2 – Antecedentes y marco del estudio ........................................................................... 2 CAPITULO 3 – Metodología ............................................................................................................ 4 3.1 Orientación metodológica ................................................................................................ 4 3.2 Grupos de actores ............................................................................................................. 4 3.3 Entrevistas ........................................................................................................................ 5 CAPITULO 4 – Concepto y valor de la banda ancha ......................................................................... 7 4.1 Concepto y definiciones ...................................................................................................
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