DOCSLIB.ORG

TYPES and BREEDS Orhan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
TYPES and BREEDS Orhan | Can J App Sci 2012; Voluem 2: p 81-100 Orhan et al., 2012 Canadian Journal of Applied Sciences. Voluem 2: p 81-100; April, 2012 ISSN 1925-7430; Available online http://www.canajas.ca THE DOMESTICATED DONKEY:II -TYPES AND BREEDS Orhan Yılmaz1*, Saim Boztepe3, Mehmet Ertuğrul2 1 Iğdır University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Igdır, Türkiye 2 Selçuk University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Konya, Türkiye 3 Ankara University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Ankara, Türkiye. Tel: +90-4762261314-Ext: 2015, Fax: +90-4762261251, ABSTRACT In this study many types and breeds were revised including wild donkeys and domestic breeds from various countries of the world.The donkey, or ass, is the smallest species in the family Equidae. Itis known for its exceptionally long ears. The word ‘donkey’ refers to the domesticated Equus asinus. The wild ancestor of donkey is equally deemed to be Equus asinus, the African Wild Ass.They come in a variety of sizes and breeds, as do horses, and in many countries the donkey is called as “the horse of the poor”. Keywords: Equus asinus, African Wild Ass, wild donkeys, domestic breeds. *Corresponding Author: Orhan Yılmaz, Iğdır University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Igdır, Türkiye. Email: [email protected] INTRODUCTION Domestic donkey is a member of equine family in which there are horse, mule and zebra. For centuries donkeys are used by human for various reasonsuck as for work, milking, breeding, and eating. Donkeys are very gentle,affectionate, intelligent, cautious and brave. Donkeys adapt a protective attitude to more vulnerable people of children or people of reduced mobility. They also can be used as a guardian animal for sheep, goat against to some predators.Different geographic and climatic conditions created different kinds of donkeys in different countries even in different regions. They have been adapted in a special region to survive. In this study some donkey types and breeds will be studied (Jones, 2005). The purpose of this compilation was to provide information of types and breeds of donkey. RESULTS Types and Breeds Wild donkeys Within the natural range of the donkey, wild donkeys inhabit arid and rocky regions dotted with hillocks which they use as observation posts. Temperatures often exceed 50°C in the Page 81 of 100 | Can J App Sci 2012; Voluem 2: p 81-100 Orhan et al., 2012 daytime in summer. Donkeys will browse or graze on any available forage and can roam 4-6 km from a water source. In the wild, donkeys consume 61% browse, 30% forbs, 4% grass, and 5% other, which can be bark or twigs or even roots. Buffer strip vegetation, i.e. what grows on the border between woodland and grassland, is important forage for donkeys during the summer or dry season. In the wild, donkey social organization ranges from solitary individuals, small or large groups, to herds. One research undertaking found that 5% of the population was solitary, 28% occurred in groups of 2-6 individuals, 30% in groups of 7-20 individuals, and 36% in herds of 21-60 individuals. Small groups usually consist of a single male with a few females or are all male or all female adults. Large groups have 1 or more males and up to 10 females. Some large groups consist solely of females. Herds tend to consist of 25% males and the rest females and their young (Grinder et al,2006). Figure 1.A donkey is nearly fainted because of hot weather (Photo by Dr. Orhan Yilmaz) Figure 2.A foal suckling (Photo by Dr. Orhan Yilmaz) Page 82 of 100 | Can J App Sci 2012; Voluem 2: p 81-100 Orhan et al., 2012 In the world there are or were several types of wild donkey: Kiang (Equus asinus kiang): Found in India and Nepal. There is a well-marked black dorsal stripe. The under-parts are pure white, and this colour extends in wedges almost to the dorsal stripe, separating the coloured areas into shoulder, flank and haunch blocks. The white also extends on to the legs, where it is infused with the red of the body colour; on to the throat and sides of the neck, restricting the body-colour to a narrow strip on either side of the mane; and on to the muzzle, the insides of the ears, and as rings round the eyes (Groves, 1974). Onager (Equus onager): Found in Iran, Syria and North Saudi Arabia. Onagers were used in warfare in ancient Mesopotamia (Jones, 2008). Kulan (Equus hemionus): They live in Central Asia (Yarkin, 1962). There is also some feral donkey in some part of world such as the Mohave Desert, in the South-west USA. Sahara Ass (Equus asinus atlanticus): It is already extinct. It is appears on frescoes and rock art in El Ghichaw, a small village south-east of Laghouat in Algeria (Grinder et al, 2006;www.googleearth.com 2011). Figure 3.A shepherd dog and a donkey (Photo by Dr. Orhan Yilmaz) Somali Ass (Equus asinus somaliensis): Somali asses may actually be the only surviving African Wild Ass, and seem to be closely related to domestic donkeys (Anon, 2011). They are found in Somalia, Ethiopia and parts of Kenya (Grinder et al, 2006). Nubian Ass (Equus asinus africanus): These live or lived in Egypt, Sudan, Eritrea and part of Ethiopia. Their coat is slightly redder than that of the Somali ass (Grinder et al, 2006). They may have been equal contributors to gene pool of the domesticated donkey (Beja-Pereira et al, 2004). Page 83 of 100 | Can J App Sci 2012; Voluem 2: p 81-100 Orhan et al., 2012 Beside wild donkeys, feral donkeys are found in different parts of the world where donkeys were once intensively used but have now been replaced by machines. Donkeys survive very well in the wild, and stories are told in South Africa (Jones pers. com.) of donkeys being introduced on game farms to reduce the predation of carnivores on the antelopes, only for the donkeys to increase in numbers while the antelope continued to decrease. Large feral populations in Western Australia were estimated at 1.5 million in 1983. Another population is in Death Valley (California and Nevada, USA). In 10 western United States there are about 36,000 feral horses and burros (Beja-Pereira et al, 2004). Figure 4.A suckling foal and its family (Photo by Dr. Orhan Yilmaz) Table 2:Known donkey breeds of the world (A compilation from Camac, 1997a & b;Ebangi&Vall, 2004;Fielding & Krause, 1998;Groves, 1974; Hutchins et al, 1999;Kugleret al, 2009; Raziq et al, 2010;Squance, 1997; Yarkin, 1962). Usual names Accepted size Accepted colour/s & Other characteristics Other (height at withers markings (supposedly physical) characteristics etc) (behavioural, incl. Use) Africa and near east Anatolian§ 85-115 cm Mostly dun, some black, Big heads Pack and riding white muzzle, dorsal animal, fast-paced stripe & cross Arabian white ass Large “refined, saddle type” Cameroon 110 cm Body length 108 cm Heart girth 135.8 cm 123.5 kg Trunk length: withers height: 1.08 % Cypriot/cyprus 120-125 cm Dark brown to black; Well proportioned “Quiet and frugal assª (female) short haired; white at conformation; character, adapted Page 84 of 100 | Can J App Sci 2012; Voluem 2: p 81-100 Orhan et al., 2012 125-132 cm (male) belly, nose, mouth and “Large head with to heat and 250kg (female) convex forehead and drought, probably 300kg (male) around eyes; different straight profile. originated from varieties of colouring …characterized by its breeds in SW- possible dark brown to strong feet and is France and black; short haired; white suitable for mule brought to Greece at belly, nose, mouth and production.” (or Cyprus?) around eyes; different “long legged, strong during the time of varieties of colouring and well developed” the crusades.” possible “considered the best donkey breed in the Middle East” Cyprus donkey; “various sizes, Two main strains: In the Turkish gaidouri§ some quite large” Firstly a brown donkey part there are feral (nb not clear how with beige nose and animals in the or why this differs stomach. This may have Karpas peninsula from originated from breeds in cypriot/cyprus western to south-western ass) France, possibly during the time of the crusades. Secondly, a small grey donkey, almost certainly of African origin, which may have been in Cyprus for several millennia. The two strains have interbred: around 80% are of the brown type and 20% of the smaller grey type. Damascus saddle (see white Egyptian (see white Egyptian ass) (see white Egyptian Known since ass ass) ass) Biblical times and carefully bred: “originally called the White Damascus Ass and was the mount of kings”. Now used for anything. East african ≤102 cm Grey, brown or reddish “poor confirmation, donkey hardy” Israeli 102-142.25 cm Grey, black, brown “no careful breeding” Karakacan [undescribed] Maasai Small Dun “well known belongs to Maasai tribe, used for pack etc.” Merzifon 120-125 cm Brown or black, no dorsal Proportionally smaller (between ankara stripe heads and amasya regions of turkey) Moroccan ass 91-122 cm Light gray with “pronounced dark stripes and striping on legs”. Muscat riding 122-142.25 cm Silver grey “which tends donkey to look white against the black skin of ageing animals”. Native ethiopian Small Dun to black “heavy head, roman Pack animals Page 85 of 100 | Can J App Sci 2012; Voluem 2: p 81-100 Orhan et al., 2012 nose” Nigerian Small Dun “ordinary” Nubian 122 cm Grey, summer coat Wild reddish; cross short or thin, no leg stripes Somali 142.25 cm Grey, summer coat Wild yellowish.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Perfil Parasitário De Uma Exploração De Burras De Leite
    MARIA DO CARMO DOS SANTOS GOMES PERFIL PARASITÁRIO DE UMA EXPLORAÇÃO DE BURRAS DE LEITE Orientador: Professor Doutor Manuel Pequito Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Lisboa 2017 MARIA DO CARMO DOS SANTOS GOMES PERFIL PARASITÁRIO DE UMA EXPLORAÇÃO DE BURRAS DE LEITE Dissertação apresentada em Provas Públicas na Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias de Lisboa, para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Medicina Veterinária, no Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária conferido pela Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, no dia 18 de janeiro de 2018, perante o júri, nomeado pelo Despacho Reitoral nº8/2018 de 10 de janeiro de 2018, com a seguinte composição: Presidente: Professora Doutora Margarida Alves Arguente: Professora Doutora Ana Araújo Munhoz Orientador: Professor Doutor Manuel Pequito Orientador: Professor Doutor Manuel Pequito Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Lisboa 2017 Maria do Carmo dos Santos Gomes Perfil Parasitário de uma exploração de Burras de Leite “De todas das dores a saudade é a pior delas” (Paloma Porto). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias 1 Maria do Carmo dos Santos Gomes Perfil Parasitário de uma exploração de Burras de Leite AGRADECIMENTOS Em primeiro lugar quero agradecer a todos os docentes da Universade lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias do curso de Medicina Veterinária pelos conhecimentos que transmitiram ao longo do curso e aos meus colegas, em especial ao Mário Ferreira e Alexandra Branco, que acompanharam ao longo do meu percurso académico. À empresa Raporal da forma como foi recebia no meu estágio profissional, em especial à Eng.ª Cristina Sousa e ao Eng.º Nuno Mota pelo incentivo que me deram para que este trabalho fosse concluído.
    [Show full text]
  • ISAG Programme Abs Am.Indd
    30 S0001 – S0016 Invited Speaker Abstracts INVITED SPEAKERS S0001–S0016 31 S0001 The power of comparative genetics and genomics S0004 Finding the causal variant in selective sweeps Kerstin Linbald-Toh. Elinor Karlsson. Broad Institute, USA; Uppsala University, Sweden. Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA. The human genome contains hundreds of regions with patterns of genetic variation that refl ect recent, positive natural selection, yet for most the underlying gene and S0002 Using intra-species variation to understanding basic the advantageous mutation remain unknown. We have developed a method, the biology Composite of Multiple Signals (CMS), that, by combining multiple different tests for natural selection, increases our resolution by up to 100-fold. By applying CMS to the International Haplotype Map, we localize hundred signals, reducing the candidate Ewan Birney. region for each to just ~50-100kb. In many cases, we can identify the precise gene EMBL Outstation – Hinxton, European Bioinformatics Institute, Welcome Trust Genome and polymorphism targeted by selection. This includes genes involved in infectious Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom. disease susceptibility, skin pigment, metabolism, and hair and sweat. Nearly half Quantitative genetics based on large, outbred populations has had a long history in of the ~200 regions we localized contain no genes at all, and 13 contain long, non- both animal breeding and human disease studies. It is one of the few techniques coding RNAs, which can regulate nearby genes. In several regions we signifi cantly which one can apply to understand a complex phenotype when nothing else is known associate variants under selection with the expression of nearby genes.
    [Show full text]
  • The Therapeutic, Nutritional and Cosmetic Properties of Donkey Milk
    The Therapeutic, Nutritional and Cosmetic Properties of Donkey Milk The Therapeutic, Nutritional and Cosmetic Properties of Donkey Milk By Paolo Polidori and Silvia Vincenzetti The Therapeutic, Nutritional and Cosmetic Properties of Donkey Milk By Paolo Polidori and Silvia Vincenzetti This book first published 2019 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2019 by Paolo Polidori and Silvia Vincenzetti All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-5275-3967-9 ISBN (13): 978-1-5275-3967-9 CONTENTS Chapter One ................................................................................................. 1 Donkey origin and domestication Donkeys spread in Africa Trypanosomiasis Equine Piroplasmosis African Horse Sickness Donkeys in Asia Donkeys in Europe Conclusions References Chapter Two .............................................................................................. 13 Donkey husbandry Donkey Digestive Physiology Donkey feeding Donkey Production Systems References Chapter Three ............................................................................................ 23 Cow’s milk protein allergy Milk allergens SPT RST,
    [Show full text]
  • Download Caderno De Resumos
    PROGRAMA COMISSÃO ORGANIZADORA Câmara Municipal de Viana do Castelo Câmara Municipal de Ponte de Lima Câmara Municipal de Caminha Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo COMISSÃO CIENTÍFICA Universidade do Minho – Ana M. S. Bettencourt Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro - Filipa Torres-Manso Universidade de Santiago de Compostela – Felipe Bárcena Universidade de Valencia - Ignácio Ramos-Gay Universidade A Coruña - Laura Lagos Universidade de Sorbonne Nouvelle – Carlos Pereira Universidade de Paris VIII – Katia Légeret Universidade de Quioto – Tetsuro Matsuzawa 2 APRESENTAÇÃO A organização do I Congresso Internacional de Equinologia e Turismo Equestre é o resultado da constituição de uma rede internacional de cooperação científica entre a Universidade da Sorbonne Nouvelle, a Universidade de Quioto (Instituto de Pesquisa de Primatas) e o Município de Viana do Castelo, iniciada em 2014. Esta rede sofreu uma gradual expansão, integrando, presentemente, as Universidades de Coimbra e Valencia (Espanha). A exploração de diferentes temas de investigação, entre os quais se salientam o estudo da cognição do cavalo Garrano, a observação do seu comportamento social e da interação Homem-cavalo no contexto das artes equestres, criou as bases teóricas e metodológicas para a proposta de um novo paradigma epistemológico. O estudo científico dos equídeos, nas suas múltiplas dimensões, requer a criação de uma disciplina científica autónoma, alicerçada no modelo científico da primatologia japonesa, conjugando a investigação em laboratório com o trabalho de campo, concretizado no habitat de cada raça. A associação equinologia - primatologia tornou-se essencial, em virtude de permitir uma compreensão mais global da interação Homem-equino. O cavalo e todos os equídeos desempenharam um papel primordial na dinâmica das sociedades humanas.
    [Show full text]
  • Parasitismo Gastrointestinal Em Asininos Da Raça De Miranda
    UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA PARASITISMO GASTROINTESTINAL EM ASININOS DA RAÇA DE MIRANDA. EPIDEMIOLOGIA E CONTROLO SELETIVO DA INFEÇÃO POR ESTRONGILÍDEOS SÉRGIO EDUARDO RAMALHO DE SOUSA Orientadores: Doutor Luís Manuel Madeira de Carvalho Doutor Adolfo Paz-Silva Tese especialmente elaborada para obtenção do grau de Doutor em Ciências Veterinárias na Especialidade de Sanidade Animal 2016 UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA PARASITISMO GASTROINTESTINAL EM ASININOS DA RAÇA DE MIRANDA. EPIDEMIOLOGIA E CONTROLO SELETIVO DA INFEÇÃO POR ESTRONGILÍDEOS SÉRGIO EDUARDO RAMALHO DE SOUSA Orientadores: Doutor Luís Manuel Madeira de Carvalho Doutor Adolfo Paz-Silva Tese especialmente elaborada para obtenção do grau de Doutor em Ciências Veterinárias na Especialidade de Sanidade Animal Júri: Presidente: Doutor Rui Manuel de Vasconcelos e Horta Caldeira Vogais: - Doutor Adolfo Paz-Silva - Doutor Virgílio da Silva Almeida - Doutor Luís Manuel Madeira de Carvalho - Doutor José Augusto Farraia e Silva Meireles - Doutora Ludovina Neto Padre - Doutora Ana Patrícia Antunes Lopes 2016 Á Sofia e aos meus filhos, Duarte e Dinis. ii AGRADECIMENTOS Ao Professor Doutor Luís Madeira de Carvalho, a minha profunda admiração e gratidão pelo apoio e incentivo nos momentos mais críticos e por todos os ensinamentos transmitidos. Agradeço a sua disponibilidade para a orientação deste trabalho e a confiança depositada durante a sua elaboração. Agradeço ainda a amizade e o privilégio de ser seu orientando num já longo percurso de trabalho conjunto na procura de uma “estratégia integrada e seletiva do controlo de parasitas de asininos”. Apresento o meu sincero reconhecimento. Ao Professor Doutor Adolfo Paz Silva, agradeço profundamente a sua disponibilidade para a co-orientação deste trabalho assim como a amizade e dedicação manifestada ao longo da sua realização.
    [Show full text]
  • Pharmacovigilance of Veterinary Medicinal Products
    a. Reporter Categories Page 1 of 112 Reporter Categories GL42 A.3.1.1. and A.3.2.1. VICH Code VICH TERM VICH DEFINITION C82470 VETERINARIAN Individuals qualified to practice veterinary medicine. C82468 ANIMAL OWNER The owner of the animal or an agent acting on the behalf of the owner. C25741 PHYSICIAN Individuals qualified to practice medicine. C16960 PATIENT The individual(s) (animal or human) exposed to the VMP OTHER HEALTH CARE Health care professional other than specified in list. C53289 PROFESSIONAL C17998 UNKNOWN Not known, not observed, not recorded, or refused b. RA Identifier Codes Page 2 of 112 RA (Regulatory Authorities) Identifier Codes VICH RA Mail/Zip ISO 3166, 3 Character RA Name Street Address City State/County Country Identifier Code Code Country Code 7500 Standish United Food and Drug Administration, Center for USFDACVM Place (HFV-199), Rockville Maryland 20855 States of USA Veterinary Medicine Room 403 America United States Department of Agriculture Animal 1920 Dayton United APHISCVB and Plant Health Inspection Service, Center for Avenue P.O. Box Ames Iowa 50010 States of USA Veterinary Biologic 844 America AGES PharmMed Austrian Medicines and AUTAGESA Schnirchgasse 9 Vienna NA 1030 Austria AUT Medical Devices Agency Eurostation II Federal Agency For Medicines And Health BELFAMHP Victor Hortaplein, Brussel NA 1060 Belgium BEL Products 40 bus 10 7, Shose Bankya BGRIVETP Institute For Control Of Vet Med Prods Sofia NA 1331 Bulgaria BGR Str. CYPVETSE Veterinary Services 1411 Nicosia Nicosia NA 1411 Cyprus CYP Czech CZEUSKVB
    [Show full text]
  • O Burro Como Animal De Companhia – Etograma E Estudo Do Comportamento Maria Palma Pinto
    O burro como animal de companhia – Etograma e Estudo do comportamento Maria Palma Pinto RESUMO Para compreender melhor os hábitos do burro doméstico como animal de companhia, realizou-se este estudo que pretende mostrar um catálogo de comportamentos deste animal e o seu time-budget. Realizaram-se amostragens focais a 60 animais que habitam as instalações da AEPGA em Miranda do Douro, Portugal, e construíram-se um etograma e 6 time-budgets (um para cada faixa etária). Depois de uma vasta revisão bibliográfica e a análise estatística dos dados observados, concluiu-se que o catálogo de comportamentos destes burros se assemelha muito aos de outros equídeos, bem como o seu time-budget – que mais uma vez demonstrou que são animais que passam cerca de 70% do tempo a alimentar-se, 20% em repouso, e distribuem as outras atividades pelos restantes 10%. Confirmou-se também que as crias até 1 ano de idade passam menos tempo em alimentação (cerca de 50%) e mais tempo em repouso (quase 30%). Este estudo pretende abrir caminho para novas pesquisas acerca do burro e da forma como o Homem pode gerir o tempo e os recursos a fim de melhorar/manter o bem-estar destes animais. Introdução também na região onde agora é a Europa. De um destes ramos descende o burro doméstico. Os humanos Diversos trabalhos foram já realizados para o interessaram-se pelo burro devido à sua natureza pouco estudo dos equídeos, mas quando nos referimos a uma exigente, força e robustez. Os burros eram facilmente espécie em particular – o burro - verificamos que não controlados individualmente ou em grupo e eram existe muita informação.
    [Show full text]
  • Donkey Breeds in Europe
    Monitoring Institute for Rare Breeds and Seeds in Europe in collaboration with Schneebergstr. 17 CH-9000 St. Gallen Switzerland Phone: +41-71/222 74 10 Fax: +41-71/222 74 40 Web: http://www.monitoring.eu.com SAVE eMail: [email protected] foundation SAVE: http://www.save-foundation.net Donkey Breeds in Europe Inventory, Description, Need for Action, Conservation Report 2007/2008 Waltraud Kugler, Hans-Peter Grunenfelder, Elli Broxham Monitoring Institute 2008 This project was supported by: Werner Stamm Foundation for the Support of Rare Equines, Oberwil BL, Switzerland Margarethe & Rudolf Gsell Foundation, Basel, Switzerland and Bristol Foundation, Zurich, Switzerland TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD ......................................................................................................................................... 5 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 6 RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................... 7 ISSUES ...................................................................................................................................................... 7 METHOD................................................................................................................................................... 7 PREFACE .............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Universidade De Trás-Os-Montes E Alto Douro Donkey Welfare
    Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Donkey Welfare Assessment in Northeast Portugal Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária Zélia Cristina Pereira da Cruz Orientador: Doutor Miguel Nuno Pinheiro Quaresma Vila Real, 2020 Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Donkey Welfare Assessment in Northeast Portugal Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária Zélia Cristina Pereira da Cruz Orientador: Doutor Miguel Nuno Pinheiro Quaresma Composição do Júri: Doutor Dario Joaquim Simões Loureiro dos Santos Doutor Celso Alexandre de Sá Santos Doutora Severiano José Cruz da Rocha e Silva Vila Real, 2020 iii DECLARAÇÃO NOME: Zélia Cristina Pereira da Cruz C.C: 14652281 CORREIO ELECTRÓNICO: [email protected] DESIGNAÇÃO DO MESTRADO: Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária TÍTULO DA DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO EM MEDICINA VETERINÁRIA: Donkey Welfare Assessment in Northeast Portugal ORIENTADOR: Doutor Miguel Nuno Pinheiro Quaresma ANO DE CONCLUSÃO: 2020 Declaro que esta dissertação de mestrado é resultado da minha pesquisa e trabalho pessoal e das orientações do meu supervisor. O seu conteúdo é original e todas as fontes consultadas estão devidamente mencionadas no texto, e na bibliografia final. Declaro ainda que este trabalho não foi apresentado em nenhuma outra instituição para obtenção de qualquer grau académico. Vila Real, 2020 Zélia Cristina Pereira da Cruz v “Os sonhos quando são verdadeiros têm sempre pressa. “ Mia Couto vii AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço à Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro. A todos os professores, técnicos, auxiliares e demais funcionários, o meu obrigado. Ao Doutor Miguel Quaresma pela sua orientação e disponibilidade. Por me ter acompanhado e não ter desistido de mim nas minhas inúmeras alterações de planos.
    [Show full text]
  • Análise Biomecânica Para Equus Asinus
    ‘ Análise biomecânica para Equus asinus Francisco Braga de Albuquerque Relatório Final da Dissertação apresentado à Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão Instituto Politécnico de Bragança Para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Industrial Ramo de Engenharia Mecânica Dezembro 2019 ii iii Análise biomecânica para Equus asinus Francisco Braga de Albuquerque Relatório Final da Dissertação apresentado à Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão Instituto Politécnico de Bragança Para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Industrial Ramo de Engenharia Mecânica Orientador do IPB: Orientador: Prof. Dr. Luís Queijo Co-Orientador do CEFET/RJ: Prof. Dr. Leydervan de Souza Xavier Dezembro 2019 iv v Citação If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of Giants vi vii Dedicatória Dedico esse trabalho a meus pais, que me proporcionaram a oportunidade de chegar até aqui. viii ix Agradecimentos Primeiramente, por abrir as portas do mundo acadêmico, agradeço ao CEFET/RJ, personificado na pessoa do co-orientador desta tese de mestrado, professor Leydervan de Souza Xavier. Agradeço também ao IPB por todo apoio e pela oportunidade a mim concedidos no decorrer do desenvolvimento da tese, ressaltando, em especial, os conselhos de meu orientador em terras lusitanas, professor Luís Queijo. Estendo meus agradecimentos ao departamento de eletrotécnica, sobretudo ao professor João Paulo Coelho, e à Luísa Barreira, responsável pelo laboratório de Estrutura e Resistência dos Materiais. Agradeço triplamente ao professor João Rodrigues, tanto pelo apoio no IPB, quanto pela disponibilidade para a realização, com o suporte da APTRAN, dos ensaios requeridos pela tese, além de todos os ensinamentos e a oportunidade juntamente à “The Donkey Sanctuary”.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction by Valerie Porter
    ASSES by Valerie Porter Introduction the Indian khur, the Turkmenistani kulan, the Iranian onager and the extinct Syrian wild ass. ‘The ass, in his natural temper, is humble, patient, and quiet, and The European or Eurasian wild ass (Equus hydruntinus) bears correction with firmness. He is extremely hardy, both with has been extinct since perhaps the Iron Age (1200 BC–AD 400). regard to the quantity and quality of his food, contenting himself A 17th century specimen from Portugal, purported to have with the most harsh and disagreeable herbs, which other animals been the last representative of the species, was re-examined but will scarcely touch. In the choice of water he is, however, very showed a strong relationship to domestic donkeys (Orlando nice; drinking only of that which is perfectly clear, and at brooks et al., 2009; see also Cardosa et al., 2013). The distribution of with which he is acquainted. He is very serviceable to many the Eurasian wild ass had ranged from Mediterranean Europe persons who are not able to buy or keep horses; especially where to the Middle East, certainly as far east as Iran and possibly be- they live near heaths or commons, the barrenness of which will yond. Genetic data suggests that it was a subspecies of the keep him; being contented with any kind of coarse herbage, such Asiatic wild ass (E. hemionus) but the taxonomy remains to be as dry leaves, stalks, thistles, briers, chaff, and any sort of straw. clarified. It is sometimes described as the Eurasian hemione. He requires very little looking after, and sustains labour beyond most others.
    [Show full text]
  • Bayesian Linear Regression Modelling for Sperm Quality Parameters Using Age, Body Weight, Testicular Morphometry, and Combined Biometric Indices in Donkeys
    animals Article Bayesian Linear Regression Modelling for Sperm Quality Parameters Using Age, Body Weight, Testicular Morphometry, and Combined Biometric Indices in Donkeys Ana Martins-Bessa 1,2,3,* , Miguel Quaresma 1,2,3 , Belén Leiva 4, Ana Calado 1,2 and Francisco Javier Navas González 5 1 Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; [email protected] (M.Q.); [email protected] (A.C.) 2 CECAV, Animal and Veterinary Research Center, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal 3 Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal 4 AEPGA-Association for the Study and Protection of Donkeys, Atenor, 5225-011 Miranda do Douro, Portugal; [email protected] 5 Genetics Department, Veterinary Sciences, Rabanales University Campus, University of Córdoba, Madrid-Cádiz Km. 396, 14014 Cordoba, Spain; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +351-2593-50634 Simple Summary: The prediction of sperm output and other reproductive traits based on testicular biometry is an important tool in the reproductive management of stallions. Nevertheless, correspond- ing research in donkeys remains scarce. Several donkey breeds in Europe face a compromising threat of extinction, which has been accelerated by the low renovation of populations and their inbreeding levels. Although research on female reproductive physiology has made crucial advances, much Citation: Martins-Bessa, A.; less is known about the physiology of the male. In the present work, two Bayesian models were Quaresma, M.; Leiva, B.; Calado, A.; built to predict for sperm output and quality parameters in donkeys.
    [Show full text]