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Aasin Ruokinta Ja Hoito
AASIN RUOKINTA JA HOITO Opinnäytetyö Maaseutuelinkeinojen koulutusohjelma Mustiala 9.4.2009 Piia Lukkaroinen OPINNÄYTETYÖ Maaseutuelinkeinojen koulutusohjelma Mustiala Työn nimi Aasin ruokinta ja hoito Tekijä Piia Lukkaroinen Ohjaava opettaja Riitta Lehtinen Hyväksytty _____._____.20_____ Hyväksyjä TIIVISTELMÄ MUSTIALA Maaseutuelinkeinojen koulutusohjelma Maatilatalous Tekijä Piia Lukkaroinen Vuosi 2009 Työn nimi Aasin ruokinta ja hoito TIIVISTELMÄ Työn taustalla on tarve saada kaikkien aasien kanssa tekemisissä olevien avuksi suomenkielinen aasin hoito-opas. Aaseista on saatavilla kaiken kaikkiaankin melko vähän tietoa ja suomeksi tietoa on saatavilla vain muutamista lähteistä. Työn toimeksiantajana toimii Suomen aasiyhdistys ry. Työssä on käytetty pääasiassa luotettavia kirjallisia lähteitä ja aasin omistajien haastatteluja. Haastatteluilla on pyritty keräämään ajantasaista ja Suomen oloihin soveltuvaa tietoa aasin hoidosta ja ruokinnasta. Haastat- teluilla on myös pyritty saamaan esiin sitä hiljaista tietoa, jota aaseja pal- jon hoitaneilla on. Tärkeää aasin hoidossa ja ruokinnassa on muistaa aasin alkuperäinen elinympäristö puoliaavikko. Aasi on kehittynyt elämään karuissa ja kui- vissa oloissa. Aasin hyvinvoinnin varmistamiseksi aasia tulisi hoitaa mah- dollisimman samalla tavalla kuin miten se luonnossa eläisi. Kesyaasi on melko alkukantainen eläin. Aasi tarvitsee pieniä annoksia kuitupitoista re- hua monta kertaa päivässä, puhdasta vettä ja kivennäisiä. Lisäksi aasi tar- vitsee päivittäin liikuntaa, kuukausittain kavioiden hoitoa, noin neljä ker- taa vuodessa madotuksen ja kahden vuoden välein jäykkäkouristusroko- tuksen. Aaseja hoidetaan usein kuten hevosia. Aasissa ja hevosessa on kui- tenkin merkittäviä eroja ruokinnassa ja käyttäytymisessä. Aasin hoidossa ja käsittelyssä on tärkeää tuntea aasien käyttäytymistä, jotta osaa toimia oikein. Aasi ei ole tyhmä eläin ja oikein käsiteltäessä se on mukava harras- tuseläin ja lemmikki. Aasien kanssa voi harrastaa monenlaisia asioita mm. ratsastaa, ajaa käryillä, vaeltaa ja hypätä esteitä. -
Genomics and the Evolutionary History of Equids Pablo Librado, Ludovic Orlando
Genomics and the Evolutionary History of Equids Pablo Librado, Ludovic Orlando To cite this version: Pablo Librado, Ludovic Orlando. Genomics and the Evolutionary History of Equids. Annual Review of Animal Biosciences, Annual Reviews, 2021, 9 (1), 10.1146/annurev-animal-061220-023118. hal- 03030307 HAL Id: hal-03030307 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03030307 Submitted on 30 Nov 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Annu. Rev. Anim. Biosci. 2021. 9:X–X https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-animal-061220-023118 Copyright © 2021 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved Librado Orlando www.annualreviews.org Equid Genomics and Evolution Genomics and the Evolutionary History of Equids Pablo Librado and Ludovic Orlando Laboratoire d’Anthropobiologie Moléculaire et d’Imagerie de Synthèse, CNRS UMR 5288, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse 31000, France; email: [email protected] Keywords equid, horse, evolution, donkey, ancient DNA, population genomics Abstract The equid family contains only one single extant genus, Equus, including seven living species grouped into horses on the one hand and zebras and asses on the other. In contrast, the equine fossil record shows that an extraordinarily richer diversity existed in the past and provides multiple examples of a highly dynamic evolution punctuated by several waves of explosive radiations and extinctions, cross-continental migrations, and local adaptations. -
For Additions to This Section Please See the Media Resources Desk
UNLV LIBRARY (The) Africans. MEDIA RESOURCES CATALOG PBS (1987) ANTHROPOLOGY 1. The Nature of a Continent: examines Summer 2011 Africa as the birthplace of human kind and discusses the impact of geography on A-OK? African history. Bullfrog Films (2000) 2. A Legacy of Lifestyles: explores how Part 26 of a series on how the African contemporary lifestyles are globalized world economy affects ordinary influenced by indigenous, Islamic and people. In underdeveloped countries Western factors. children with Vitamin A deficiency run the 3. New Gods: examines the factors that risk of dying from common childhood influence religion in Africa. illnesses. The cost of ensuring all children 4. Tools of Exploitation: contrasts the receive enough Vitamin A is small, but impact of the West on Africa and the impact improves children's chances of survival by of Africa on the development of the West. 25%. This episode looks at Vitamin A Looks at the manner in which Africa's distribution programs in Ghana, Uganda, human and natural resources have been India and Guatemala. exploited. Video Cassette (24 min.) 5. New Conflicts: explores the tensions RJ399 V57 A2 2000 inherent in the juxtaposition of the three heritages. Africa. 6. In Search of Stability: studies several National Geographic Video (2001) means of governing and new social orders. Presents Africa through the eyes of its 7. A Garden of Eden in Decay? people, including the personal stories of identifies the problems of a continent that those who shape its future. produces what it does not consume and 1. Savanna homecoming ; Desert consumes what it does not produce. -
Pulses in Ethiopia, Their Taxonomy and Agricultural Significance E.Westphal
Pulses in Ethiopia, their taxonomy andagricultura l significance E.Westphal JN08201,579 E.Westpha l Pulses in Ethiopia, their taxonomy and agricultural significance Proefschrift terverkrijgin g van degraa dva n doctori nd elandbouwwetenschappen , opgeza gva n derecto r magnificus, prof.dr .ir .H .A . Leniger, hoogleraar ind etechnologie , inne t openbaar teverdedige n opvrijda g 15 maart 1974 desnamiddag st evie ruu r ind eaul ava nd eLandbouwhogeschoo lt eWageninge n Centrefor AgriculturalPublishing and Documentation Wageningen- 8February 1974 46° 48° TOWNS AND VILLAGES DEBRE BIRHAN 56 MAJI DEBRE SINA 57 BUTAJIRA KARA KORE 58 HOSAINA KOMBOLCHA 59 DE8RE ZEIT (BISHUFTU) BATI 60 MOJO TENDAHO 61 MAKI SERDO 62 ADAMI TULU 8 ASSAB 63 SHASHAMANE 9 WOLDYA 64 SODDO 10 KOBO 66 BULKI 11 ALAMATA 66 BAKO 12 LALIBELA 67 GIDOLE 13 SOKOTA 68 GIARSO 14 MAICHEW 69 YABELO 15 ENDA MEDHANE ALEM 70 BURJI 16 ABIYAOI 71 AGERE MARIAM 17 AXUM 72 FISHA GENET 16 ADUA 73 YIRGA CHAFFE 19 ADIGRAT 74 DILA 20 SENAFE 75 WONDO 21 ADI KAYEH 76 YIRGA ALEM 22 ADI UGRI 77 AGERE SELAM 23 DEKEMHARE 78 KEBRE MENGIST (ADOLA) 24 MASSAWA 79 NEGELLI 25 KEREN 80 MEGA 26 AGOROAT 81 MOYALE 27 BARENIU 82 DOLO 28 TESENEY 83 EL KERE 29 OM HAJER 84 GINIR 30 DEBAREK 85 ADABA 31 METEMA 86 DODOLA 32 GORGORA 87 BEKOJI 33 ADDIS ZEMEN 88 TICHO 34 DEBRE TABOR 89 NAZRET (ADAMA 35 BAHAR DAR 90 METAHARA 36 DANGLA 91 AWASH 37 INJIBARA 92 MIESO 38 GUBA 93 ASBE TEFERI 39 BURE 94 BEDESSA 40 DEMBECHA 95 GELEMSO 41 FICHE 96 HIRNA 42 AGERE HIWET (AMB3) 97 KOBBO 43 BAKO (SHOA) 98 DIRE DAWA 44 GIMBI 99 ALEMAYA -
Snps) Located in Exon 1 of Kappa-Casein Gene (CSN3) in Martina Franca Donkey Breed
African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 10(26), pp. 5118-5120, 13 June, 2011 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB DOI: 10.5897/AJB10.2440 ISSN 1684–5315 © 2011 Academic Journals Short Communication Analysis of two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in exon 1 of kappa-casein gene (CSN3) in Martina Franca donkey breed Maria Selvaggi* and Cataldo Dario Department of Animal Health and Welfare, University of Bari, strada prov. le per Casamassima Km 3 – 70010, Valenzano (Ba), Italy. Accepted 18 January, 2011 The aim of this study is to assess genetic polymorphism at two loci in the exon 1 of the kappa-casein gene (CSN3) in Martina Franca donkey breed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Martina Franca donkey was derived from the Catalan donkey brought to Apulia at the time of the Spanish rule. This donkey is tall and well built and has good temperament. Both considered loci were found to be monomorphic in the considered population. At CSN3/PstI locus, all the animals were genotyped as AA since no AG and GG animals were found in the population. A similar result was found at CSN3/BseYI locus: all the donkeys were monomorphic and genotyped as AA. As a consequence, only one out of nine possible combined genotype (AAAA) was detected. Key words: Martina Franca donkey, kappa-casein gene (CSN3), gene polymorphism, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). INTRODUCTION Kappa-casein is the protein that determines the size and (Lenasi et al., 2003). CSN3 is not evolutionarily related to the specific function of milk micelles; its cleavage by the “calcium-sensitive” casein genes, but is physically chymosin is responsible for milk coagulation (Yahyaoui et linked to this gene family, and is functionally important for al., 2003). -
Perfil Parasitário De Uma Exploração De Burras De Leite
MARIA DO CARMO DOS SANTOS GOMES PERFIL PARASITÁRIO DE UMA EXPLORAÇÃO DE BURRAS DE LEITE Orientador: Professor Doutor Manuel Pequito Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Lisboa 2017 MARIA DO CARMO DOS SANTOS GOMES PERFIL PARASITÁRIO DE UMA EXPLORAÇÃO DE BURRAS DE LEITE Dissertação apresentada em Provas Públicas na Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias de Lisboa, para a obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Medicina Veterinária, no Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária conferido pela Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, no dia 18 de janeiro de 2018, perante o júri, nomeado pelo Despacho Reitoral nº8/2018 de 10 de janeiro de 2018, com a seguinte composição: Presidente: Professora Doutora Margarida Alves Arguente: Professora Doutora Ana Araújo Munhoz Orientador: Professor Doutor Manuel Pequito Orientador: Professor Doutor Manuel Pequito Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Lisboa 2017 Maria do Carmo dos Santos Gomes Perfil Parasitário de uma exploração de Burras de Leite “De todas das dores a saudade é a pior delas” (Paloma Porto). Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias 1 Maria do Carmo dos Santos Gomes Perfil Parasitário de uma exploração de Burras de Leite AGRADECIMENTOS Em primeiro lugar quero agradecer a todos os docentes da Universade lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias do curso de Medicina Veterinária pelos conhecimentos que transmitiram ao longo do curso e aos meus colegas, em especial ao Mário Ferreira e Alexandra Branco, que acompanharam ao longo do meu percurso académico. À empresa Raporal da forma como foi recebia no meu estágio profissional, em especial à Eng.ª Cristina Sousa e ao Eng.º Nuno Mota pelo incentivo que me deram para que este trabalho fosse concluído. -
New Prospective on Sentinel Animal Systems: Experiences in Southern Italy Polluted Areas”
UNIVERSITÀ DEGLI STUDI DI NAPOLI “FEDERICO II” Tesi di Dottorato “New Prospective on Sentinel Animal Systems: Experiences in Southern Italy Polluted Areas” Coordinatore Candidato Tutor Prof. Giuseppe Cringoli Dott. Alessandro Costagliola Prof. Orlando Paciello To My Daughter, Ginevra. Go Forth and Pursue All Your Dreams Table of Contents List of Abbreviations 9 List of Figures 10 List of Tables 13 Abstract 15 General Introduction I Animal biomonitoring and micropollutants in public health 18 II Bioavailability and hazard of heavy metals contamination 20 II.I Lead 22 II.II Mercury 23 II.III Arsenic 25 II.IV Cadmium 27 III Environmental monitoring: bioindicators, bioaccumulators and biomarkers 29 IV Sentinel Animal Systems 32 V Selection criteria of sentinel animals in environmental biomonitoring 37 VI Domestic Animals as Sentinels 41 Bibliography 46 Chapter 1. The Role of Necropsy in Environmental Monitoring: the Regional Reference Center of Urban Veterinary Hygiene (CRIUV) experience 3 Table of Contents 1.1 Introduction 54 1.2 Materials and Methods 67 1.3 Results 74 1.4 Discussion 116 Bibliography 127 Chapter 2. Dairy cattle as a sensitive warning system for nitrate environmental pollution: evaluation of risk for human health 2.1 Introduction 135 2.2 Materials and Methods 138 2.3 Results 141 2.4 Discussion 145 Bibliography 150 Chapter 3. Animal Biomonitoring and Epidemiological Surveillance in polluted areas of Basillicata Region 3.1 Introduction 153 3.2 Materials and Methods 160 3.3 Results 164 3.4 Discussion 169 Bibliography 172 Conclusions -
Oesc-Annuaire-Ecus-2016.Pdf
RÉFÉrences - Réseau Écono mique d e la Fil ière Équine ANNUAIRE écusTableau économique, statistique et graphique du cheval en France 2016 Données 2015/2016 Élevage Commerce Utilisations Statistiques socioéconomiques Institut Français du Cheval et de l’Équitation Département diffusion - Librairie Les écuries du Bois - 61310 Le Pin au Haras Tél. : 02 33 12 12 27 • Fax : 02 33 39 37 54 e-Mail : [email protected] • Web : www.ifce.fr Prix public : 10 € TTC © Institut français du cheval et de l'équitation, Novembre 2016. Toute reproduction des statistiques et informations diffusées dans cet annuaire ECUS est autorisé sous réserve de l’indication de la source des données et de la mention du présent document. ISSN : 0760-0488 RÉFÉrences - Réseau Économique de la Filière Équine Présentation Equidés, emplois, entreprises, chiffres d'affaires, répartitions par marché ou territoire, retrouvez l'essentiel sur l'industrie hippique dans ce nouvel annuaire ECUS 2016 ! Depuis sa première parution en 1980, ce document rassemble les chiffres connus de la filière équine et les tendances sur les 10 dernières années. Cet annuaire illustre la richesse des informations existantes en matière de connaissance économique de la filière. C'est une source majeure pour aider à la prise de décision, dans un contexte économique et sociétal évolutif. Cette édition 2016 présente de nouvelles pages sur les résultats économiques des entreprises équines, fruit du partenariat signé en 2015 entre l'Ifce et le réseau Equicer. Elle comporte également de nouvelles données sur l'emploi, les métiers et les formations, extraites du récent rapport national publié par Equiressources. Les pages habituelles sur l'élevage ont été remaniées, pour s'adapter et valoriser au mieux les données disponibles dans la base SIRE. -
Educating the Heart
Approaching Tibetan Studies About Tibet Geography of Tibet Geographical Tibet Names: Bod (Tibetan name) Historical Tibet (refers to the larger, pre-1959 Tibet, see heavy black line marked on Tibet: A Political Map) Tibet Autonomous Region or Political Tibet (refers to the portion of Tibet named by People’s Republic of China in 1965, see bolded broken line on Tibet: A Political Map) Khawachen (literary Tibetan name meaning “Abode of Snows”) Xizang (the historical Chinese name for meaning “Western Treasure House”) Land of Snows (Western term) Capital: Lhasa Provinces: U-Tsang (Central & Southern Tibet) Kham (Eastern Tibet) Amdo (Northeastern Tibet) Since the Chinese occupation of Tibet, most of the Tibetan Provinces of Amdo and Kham have been absorbed into the Chinese provinces of Qinghai, Sichuan, and Yunnan Main Towns: Llasa, Shigatse, Gyantse, Chamdo Area: 2,200,000 Sq. kilometers/850,000 sq. miles Elevation: Average 12-15,000 feet Tibet is located on a large plateau called the Tibetan Plateau. Borders: India, Nepal, Bhutan, Burma (south) China (west, north, east) Major Mountains Himalaya (range to south & west) and Ranges Kunlun (range to north) Chomolungma (Mt. Everest) 29,028 ft. Highest peak in the world Kailas (sacred mountain in western Tibet to Buddhists, Hindus & Jains) The Tibetan Plateau is surrounded by some of the world’s highest mountain ranges. Major Rivers: Ma Chu (Huzng He/Yellow Dri Chu (Yangtze) Za Chu (Mekong) Ngul Chu (Salween) Tsangpo (Bramaputra) Ganges Sutlej Indus Almost all of the major rivers in Asia have their source in Tibet. Therefore, the ecology of Tibet directly impacts the ecology of East, Southeast and South Asia. -
ISAG Programme Abs Am.Indd
30 S0001 – S0016 Invited Speaker Abstracts INVITED SPEAKERS S0001–S0016 31 S0001 The power of comparative genetics and genomics S0004 Finding the causal variant in selective sweeps Kerstin Linbald-Toh. Elinor Karlsson. Broad Institute, USA; Uppsala University, Sweden. Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA. The human genome contains hundreds of regions with patterns of genetic variation that refl ect recent, positive natural selection, yet for most the underlying gene and S0002 Using intra-species variation to understanding basic the advantageous mutation remain unknown. We have developed a method, the biology Composite of Multiple Signals (CMS), that, by combining multiple different tests for natural selection, increases our resolution by up to 100-fold. By applying CMS to the International Haplotype Map, we localize hundred signals, reducing the candidate Ewan Birney. region for each to just ~50-100kb. In many cases, we can identify the precise gene EMBL Outstation – Hinxton, European Bioinformatics Institute, Welcome Trust Genome and polymorphism targeted by selection. This includes genes involved in infectious Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom. disease susceptibility, skin pigment, metabolism, and hair and sweat. Nearly half Quantitative genetics based on large, outbred populations has had a long history in of the ~200 regions we localized contain no genes at all, and 13 contain long, non- both animal breeding and human disease studies. It is one of the few techniques coding RNAs, which can regulate nearby genes. In several regions we signifi cantly which one can apply to understand a complex phenotype when nothing else is known associate variants under selection with the expression of nearby genes. -
The Indian Wild Ass—Wild and Captive Populations
The Indian wild ass —wild and captive populations Jan M. Smielowski and Praduman P. Raval The ghor-khar is a rare subspecies of onager, or Asiatic wild ass, and its habits are little known. The only known wild population inhabits the Little Rann of Kutch Desert in Gujarat State in western India and, after its numbers fell dramatically in the 1960s, it was declared a protected species. Conservation measures, including the establishment of a Wild Ass Sanctuary in 1973, have been so successful that the most recent census, in 1983, recorded nearly 2000 individuals, compared with 362 in 1967. The authors made four visits to Gujarat to study wild asses between 1984 and 1986. The Indian wild ass or ghor-khar Equus hemionus juliflora. According to Shahi (1981), between khur is endemic to the Indian subcontinent. September and March the wild asses invade Although some people suspect that it still occurs cotton fields to eat the green cotton fruit. in the Sind and Baluchistan regions of Pakistan, there are no data to confirm this and its only Wild asses usually live in groups of up to 12 known wild population lives in the Little Rann of individuals, although single animals, mainly Kutch Desert on the Kathiawar Peninsula in stallions, are seen occasionally. It is a polygynous northern Gujarat State, western India. This saline species, an adult stallion leading a group of mares desert is a unique ecosystem with very specific and young. The females are always white on the flora and fauna. Monsoon rains, which last from underside and have streaks of white on the rump, July to September, the average rainfall being on the underside of the neck and on the back of 517.8 mm (Jadhav, 1979), transform this habitat the head. -
African Wild Ass the African Wild Ass Is Endangered
tion. Equus africanus is not listed on the CITES appendices, according to the Secretariat, simply African because nobody ever proposed it—even though it is classified as endangered in the IUCN's Red Data Book where the first proposed conservation measure listed is inclusion in Appendix I of the wild ass Convention on International Trade in Wild Bill Clark Species (sic) of Fauna and Flora. This proposal was published in 1976. While conservationists have been slow to propose protective measures for this rare equine, the international animal exploiters have also been stalled for the time being. The African wild ass The African wild ass is endangered. Its lives in an extremely remote and hostile habitat, habitat is a drought-stricken war zone; its in countries where the political situation is, at best, flesh is eaten and is believed to cure unstable. hepatitis; it is eagerly sought by dealers Two subspecies now exist, africanus, the Nubian and collectors. The author, Chief Curator wild ass, numbering perhaps 1500 animals in at Israel's Hai-Bar reserve, examines the southern Sudan, near the Red Sea coast (Watson problems hindering the conservation of et al, 1977), and somalicus, the Somali wild ass, of about 2000 animals living in the Ethiopian this animal and explains why it is urgently Danakil Desert and the Las 'Anod region of necessary to list it on Appendix I of the Somalia (Simonetta, 1982; Stephenson, 1976). Convention on International Trade in Formerly, the African wild ass inhabited most of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and North Africa, from the Atlas Mountains in the west Flora at its meeting in April 1983.