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The Clinical Companion of the Donkey 1St Edition

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The Clinical Companion of the Donkey 1St Edition THE CLINICAL COMPANION OF THE DONKEY 1ST EDITION Produced by The Donkey Sanctuary Foreword by Professor James Duncan THE CLINICAL COMPANION OF THE DONKEY Produced by The Donkey Sanctuary Edited by Linda Evans BVetMed MRCVS Michael Crane BVM&S PGCE MRCVS Copyright © 2018 The Donkey Sanctuary The moral right of the author has been asserted. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to The Donkey Sanctuary. Matador 9 Priory Business Park, Wistow Road, Kibworth Beauchamp, Leicestershire. LE8 0RX Tel: 0116 279 2299 Email: [email protected] Web: www.troubador.co.uk/matador Twitter: @matadorbooks The Donkey Sanctuary Sidmouth, Devon, EX10 0NU A charity registered with the Charity Commission for England and Wales. No. 264818 Tel: 01395 578222 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Web: thedonkeysanctuary.org.uk ISBN 978 1789013 900 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Printed and bound by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY Matador is an imprint of Troubador Publishing Ltd Donkey Imprint.indd 1 2/22/18 12:10 PM Copyright © 2018 The Donkey Sanctuary The moral right of the author has been asserted. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to The Donkey Sanctuary. Matador 9 Priory Business Park, Wistow Road, Kibworth Beauchamp, Leicestershire. LE8 0RX Tel: 0116 279 2299 Dedicated to the memory of Email: [email protected] Dr Elisabeth D. Svendsen MBE. Web: www.troubador.co.uk/matador Twitter: @matadorbooks and to the continuing path at The Donkey Sanctuary for improving the health and welfare of donkeys worldwide. The Donkey Sanctuary Sidmouth, Devon, EX10 0NU A charity registered with the Charity Commission for England and Wales. No. 264818 Tel: 01395 578222 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Web: thedonkeysanctuary.org.uk ISBN 978 1789013 900 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Printed and bound by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY Matador is an imprint of Troubador Publishing Ltd Donkey Imprint.indd 1 2/22/18 12:10 PM ACKNOWLEDGMENTS All the contributors to this handbook are employed by, or associated with, The Donkey Sanctuary and information is evidence based or is the shared experience of past and present members of staff. The content reflects this vast experience and knowledge and we would like to acknowledge and thank all the professions for their willingness to share information and findings for the greater good of the health and welfare of donkeys. Special thanks must go to Neil Frame BVM&S CertEP CertVA MRCVS; RCVS Advanced Practitioner (Equine Practice) of Frame, Swift and Partners, Penrith. He has been enthusiastic in giving his time and experience to proof read and to provide the practical guidance on the relevance of the contents of this book to the practitioner and other professionals. His pertinent comments and advice have been valuable in ensuring this is a clear and easy reference tool for all those working with, or with an interest, in the health and welfare of donkeys. We would also like to thank our proof readers, who have given their time and been thorough in making this the professional book that we aspired to; Alison Hills, freelance proof reader, New Zealand and Liz Hazell-Smith, Research Assistant at The Donkey Sanctuary. No book would be complete without images and illustrations and we have used a comprehensive selection for reference. Kate Selley holds and manages a vast collection for The Donkey Sanctuary and she has used her drive, enthusiasm and positivity to obtain specific images for this book and also to select appropriate images from her collection. Her contribution to the book is much appreciated. This book has been organised into systems in order to make reference quick and easy. We have not included information about procedures or conditions for donkeys where they do not differ from those in horses and ponies, as there are already many excellent texts that describe these. Therefore, we have not included chapters on the Cardiovascular System, the Urinary System or Ophthalmology as we do not have any additional clinically relevant information that is specific to donkeys. Each chapter contains specific information on the clinical examination and procedures as well as the common conditions for that system and we have used signposting to indicate where other chapters may contain additional useful information. We do advise you to read the chapter on behaviour as this provides an explanation to the messages repeated throughout the book and is essential to your understanding of this unique animal. TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword 1 Contributors 2 Introduction 8 1. Behaviour 10 2. The Head and Oral Cavity 23 3. The Gastrointestinal System 40 4. The Respiratory System 51 5. The Nervous System 65 6. The Reproductive System 73 7. Hyperlipaemia and the Endocrine System 87 8. The Skin 99 9. The Musculoskeletal System 113 10. Infectious Diseases 131 11. Parasitology 144 12. The Approach to the Dull Donkey 159 13. The Care of the Foal 172 14. The Geriatric Donkey 183 15. Euthanasia and the Post-Mortem Examination 196 16. Sedation, Anaesthesia and Analgesia 211 17. Pharmacology and Therapeutics 228 18. Nutrition 237 APPENDICES Appendix 1: The Clinical Examination 256 Appendix 2: Donkey Weight Estimator 257 Appendix 3: Body Scoring 258 Appendix 4: Parameters: Biochemistry and Haematology 259 Appendix 5: Monitoring your Donkey’s Quality of Life 260 Appendix 6: Veterinary Record of Assessment for Quality of Life 261 Appendix 7: Example Diets 262 Index 264 FOREWORD I first met the late Dr Elizabeth (Betty) Svendsen MBE, founder of The Donkey Sanctuary, in the mid 1970’s. At that time Glasgow Veterinary School had an equine parasite research programme which included studies on equine lungworm infection. As donkeys were frequently infected with this parasite Dr Svendsen travelled north to find the best way to deal with the problem. This led to close collaboration between myself and The Donkey Sanctuary and resulted in Betty and I becoming good friends. Since then I have seen significant advances in knowledge of health and welfare of donkeys largely due to the efforts of their charismatic champion. This latest Donkey Sanctuary publication “The Clinical Companion for the Donkey” would have pleased Betty enormously. It is a real Vade Mecum for everyone involved with donkeys to have by their side whether it be in developing countries where the donkey is a vital part of rural economies, or in parts of the world where they are kept either as pets or for leisure pursuits. Although much of the information provided in The Clinical Companion is relevant to donkeys worldwide some problems may be more important in certain areas - for example in Ethiopia it would be unusual to find an overweight laminitic donkey which, sadly, is not the case in many parts of Europe. The Clinical Companion begins with an excellent chapter on donkey behaviour the understanding of which is fundamental for the detection of welfare or health problems. I hope this valuable publication will be available to all who are involved with donkeys wherever they are and whatever their role. James L Duncan BVMS PhD MRCVS Professor Emeritus The University of Glasgow 1 CONTRIBUTORS Alex Thiemann MA Vet MB CertEP MSc CertVEd MRCVS Senior Veterinary Surgeon- Education and Research at The Donkey Sanctuary. Qualified from University of Cambridge (1989). Worked in mixed and then equine practice. Was a donkey owner as a child and joined the The Donkey Sanctuary in 1998. Gained Certificate in Equine Practice in 1995, Masters in International Animal Health in 2009 and Associate Fellowship of the Higher Education Authority in 2015. Has extensive donkey medical and surgical experience in the UK, Europe and with working donkeys globally. Has published numerous articles and contributions to books regarding donkey health and welfare. Anna Haines BSc MSc Lead in Behaviour in the Research and Operational Support Department at The Donkey Sanctuary. Qualified from Liverpool University in Animal Behaviour (2004) and gained a Masters in Applied Animal Behaviour and Welfare (specialising in equines) in 2011. She has spent her career working for and managing a variety of equine and animal welfare charities internationally as well as in the UK and has worked as an equine behaviour consultant since 2012. Is a member of the ‘Ask the Experts’ team at Horse and Rider magazine and writes monthly feature articles for them and is a committee member for the Equine Behaviour and Training Association. Anna Harrison BVSc BSc CertWEL MSc IAWEL AFHEA MRCVS Veterinary Surgeon at The Donkey Sanctuary. Qualified from University of Bristol (1986). Worked in mixed practice before joining Defra as a Veterinary Officer specialising in livestock welfare. Joined The Donkey Sanctuary in 2010.
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