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Forest Service AN ENGLISH-SPANISH GLOSSARY Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station OF TERMINOLOGY USED IN

Fort Collins, FORESTRY, RANGE, WILDLIFE, FISHERY, Colorado 80526 SOILS, AND BOTANY General Technical Report RM-152

GLOSARIO EN INGLES·ESPANOL DE TERMINOLOGIA USADOS EN FORESTALES, PASTIZALES, FAUNA SILVESTRE, PESQUERIA, SUELOS, Y BOTANICA ABSTRACT

The English-Spanish/Spanish-English equivalent translations of scientific and management terms (jargon) commonly used in the field of natural resource management are presented. The glossary is useful in improving communications and fostering understanding between Spanish- and English-speaking persons.

Key Words: Bilingual glossary, animal names, botany, fishery, forestry, range, soils, wildlife

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS RECONOCIMIENTO

This glossary has required considerable time Este glosario ha requerido bastante tiempo in preparation by some people. Special de preparaci6n en parte de varias personas. recognition for the successful completion of this Reconocimiento especiales por acabamiento dichoso work is given to Penny Medina for her assistance de este trabajo se da a Penny Medina por su in translating scientific articles, Diane Prince asistencia en traducir artfculos de ciencia, and Josephine Gomez for their part in manuscript Diane Prince y Josephine Gomez por su parte en preparation and editing, the Mexican scientists preparaci6n y compilaci6n del manuscrito, los for their reviews, and to David Patton for his cientfficos mexicanos por su revistas, y David support. Patton por su apoyo. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report RM·152 January 1988

AN ENGLISH-SPANISH GLOSSARY OF TERMINOLOGY USED IN FORESTRY, RANGE, WILDLIFE, FISHERY, SOILS, AND BOTANY

GLOSARIO EN INGLES·ESPANOL DE TERMINOLOGIA USADOS EN FORESTALES, PASTIZALES, FAUNA SILVESTRE, PESQUERIA, SUELOS, Y BOTANICA

Alvin Leroy Medina, Range Scientist Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station1

1 Headquarters is in Fort Collins, in cooperation with Colorado State University. The author is stationed in Tempe, in cooperation with Arizona State University. FOREWORD

Recent symposia, such as Wildlife and Range management terms commonly used in the disciplines Research Needs in Northern Mexico and of forestry, range management, wildlife Southwestern United States--1981, and Management management, fisheries, soils and botany. Terms and Utilization of Arid Land Plants - 1985, were selected on the basis of common usage and sponsored by the National Institute of Forestry difficulty of translation from various scientific Research of the Subsecretariat of Forestry and and technical articles which appeared in Wildlife, Secretariat of Agriculture and Water professional journals, such as Journal of Resources of Mexico and the U.S. Department of Wildlife Management, Forest Science, Soil Agriculture, Forest Service have made valuable Science, Journal of Range Management, Ecology, contributions to the exchange of scientific and Ciencia Forestal, and others. Scientific terms technical information regarding management of are introduced into common usage every time new natural resources. These symposia were part of a concepts are formulated, and as such an update of continuing agreement between respective agencies new terminology is needed periodically. While no to enhance professional capabilities through attempt is made to cover the entire scope of technology transfer activities. A receptive scientific terminology of the respective atmosphere of cooperation has resulted from such disciplines, it is anticipated that this glossary activities for the mutual benefit of Mexican and will be useful in improving communications and American scientists. foster understanding between Spanish- and English-speaking persons as well as to serve as a Despite individual efforts to understand and starting point for developing a common communicate the relevance of these symposia, the understanding of technical terms. language barrier often precludes an effective interchange of ideas. In addition, the The glossary is composed of two sections. specialized meanings of scientific jargon are Section one contains the English to Spanish lost when translated into terms with socialogical translations, and section two the Spanish to connotation. Quite often a given term may have English. Each section is divided into seven different meanings to a forester, soil scientist subsections, each of which is devoted to terms or wildlife manager. In order for a listener to used within a particular discipline. The text is receive a clear understanding of the arranged alphabetically within sections beginning problem being discussed, the translator needs to with the English or Spanish keyword, followed by be familiar with the scientific terminology the equivalent translation. relevant to the specialized topics. It is understood that some persons may The purpose of this glossary is to present disagree with some terms due to their usage of to translators, scientists, resource managers, other similar jargon, but at least they will be administrators and others the Spanish-English aware of its use in other regions and equivalent translations of scientific and disciplines.

ii PRO LOGO

Reciente simposios (Reunion Sobre La Fauna y usan en las disciplinas de forestales, manejo de Su Medio Arnbiente, Noroeste de Mexico y Suroeste pastizales, manejo de fauna silvestre, pesqueria, Estados Unidos de America 1981; Reuni6n Sobre suelos y botanfca. Los terminos fueron Manejo y Utilizaci6n de las Plantas de Zonas seleccionados en base al uso comun y dif icultad Aridas 1985) auspiciado por la Subsecretaria de traducci6n, de varios articulos cientificos y Forestal y de la Fauna, y el Instituto Nacional tecnicos que aparecieron en revistas de Investigaciones Forestales de Mexico, y el profesionales, como Revista de Manejo de Fauna Departamento de Agricultura, Servicio Forestal de Silvestre, Ciencia Forestal (Mexicana y los Estados Unidos han hecho unas contribuciones Americana), Ciencia de Suelos, Revista de Manejo valiosos al intercambio de inf ormaci6n cientif ica de Pastizales, Ecologia y otros. Terminos y tecnica sobre el manejo de recursos naturales. cientif icos son introducidos al uso comun cada Estos simposios fueron parte de un acuerdo que vez que conceptos nuevos son formulados, por lo continua entre las respectivas agencias para que se requiere poner al dia los terminos nuevos aumentar las capacidades profesionales mediante peri6dicamente. Cuando ningun intento se hace de actividades de transferencia de tecnologia. Un cubrir totalmente la esfera de terminologia ambiente muy receptive de cooperaci6n ha cientifica de las respectivas disciplinas, es resultado de tales actividades para el benef icio anticipado que este glosario sea util para mutuo de cientfficos mexicanos y americanos. aumentar las comunicaciones y animar entendimientos entre personas de lengua espaftol Aparte de esfuerzos individuales para y ingles y tambien servir como un punto de entender y comunicar la pertinencia de estos partida para el desarrollo de un entendimiento de simposios, la barrera del lenguaje frecuentemente terminos tecnicos. impide un intercambio efectivo de ideas. Ademas, los sentidos especializados de la jerga El glosario contiene dos secciones. La cientif ica se pierden cuando son traducidos a primera secci6n contiene las traducciones de terminos con connotaci6nes sociol6gicos. Muy ingles al espaftol, y la segunda secci6n de seguido, un termino puede tener diferente espaftol al ingles. Cada secci6n es dividida sentidos para el silvicultor, el cientifico de entre siete subsecciones, cada cual se dedica a suelos, o el manejador de fauna silvestre. En terminos que se usan dentro la disciplina orden para que un escuchante pueda recibir un particular. El texto esta arreglado claro entendimiento del problema que se discute, alfabeticamente entre las secciones, comenzando el traductor tiene que estar familiarizado con la con la palabra clave en ingles o espanol, y terminologia cientifica pertinente a los asuntos seguida por la traducci6n equivalente. especializados. Se entiende que algunas personas pudieran El proposito de este glosario es de no estar de acuerdo con algunos terminos debido a presentar a traductores, cientificos, manejadores su propia utilizaci6n de jerga similar, pero al de recursos, administradores y otros interesados, menos estaran concientes de su utilizaci6n en las traducciones equivalente en espaftol-ingles de otras regiones y disciplinas. terminos comunes, cientificos y de manejo, que se

iii CONTENTS

Page English-Spanish

Animals • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1 Fishery • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 2 Botany • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 3 Forestry • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 7 Soil • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 13 Wildlife • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 15 Range • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 20

Espanol-Ingles

Animales • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 2 7 Pesquer:!a • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 28 Botanica • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 2 9 Forestales • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 33 Suelos • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 41 Fauna Silvestre • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 43 Pastizales ...... 48

iv AN ENGLISH-SPANISH GLOSSARY OF TERMINOLOGY USED IN FORESTRY, RANGE, WILDLIFE, FISHERY, SOILS, AND BOTANY

GLOSARIO EN INGLES·ESPANOL DE TERMINOLOGIA USADOS EN FORESTALES, PASTIZALES, FAUNA SILVESTRE, PESQUERIA, SUELOS, Y BOTANICA

Alvin Leroy Medina

ENGLISH-SPANISH

Animals

English Spanish alpaca alpaca deer venado anteater, great oso hormiguero deer, blacktail venado cola negra anteater, little oso colmenero deer, fallow dama antelope and lope deer, fallow paleto antelope berrendo deer, fallow female gama badger tasugo, tejon deer, fallow male gamo bat, fruit murcielago, bermejizo, za deer, mule venado ----hemionus bear oso, a deer, whitetail vanado cola blanca bear, black oso negro elephant elefante, ta bear, brown oso pardo elk alee, venado alazan bear, cub osezno fox raposa, o, zorra, ro bear, grizzly oso gris fox, arctic zorro, artico bear, polar oso polar fox, flying zorro volador beaver castor fox, kit, prairie fox zorro de las praderas bison bisonte, c:!bolo fox, red zorro rojo bison, female dbola gazelle gacela boar, female jabalina gazelle, male gacel boar, wild jabali giraffe j irafa bobcat gato montes gnu ftu buffalo bufalo, la goat, mountain bicerra camel camel lo goat, wild hirco, cabro cat, wild tigrillo, gate montes gopher taltuza chimpanzee chimpance hare, jackrabbit liebre chipmunk ardilla listada hyena hiena coati coat! ibex lb ice coyote coyote jaguar jaguar

1 kangaroo canguro rodent roedor koala oso marsupial, koala sheep, mountain borrego cimarr6n lagomorph lagomorfo skunk mapurite, zorrillo, zorrio leopard leopardo sloth unau, perezoso leporid lep6ride sow co china lion le6n squirrel ardilla lion cub leoncico, leoncillo, squirrel, common gray petigr:!s leoncito squirrel, flying guigui, ardilla voladora lion, mountain leon de montaiia (Pteromys lioness leona petaurista) llama llama squirrel, gray ardilla gris lynx lince squirrel, ground ardilla de la tierra marmot marmota tapir tapir mole topo tapir, Mexican anteburro mouse raton, na tiger tigre mouse, field campanol tigress tigresa mouse, field rat6n de campo vicuna vicuiia muskrat almizclera warthog jabali verrugoso muskrat rata amizclada weasel comadreja ocelot ocelote, chibiguazu weasel mustela opossum churcha, tlacuache, wolf lobo rabopelado, wolf cub lobezno zarigtieya Woodpecker picamadero, pajaro oryx or ix carpintero otter ahuizote, lutria, zebra cebra nutria otter (Lutra guillfo Fishery hnidobria) panther pantera algae, green alga verde peccary baquira, pecari aqueous acuoso peccary, collared chacharita, jabalina backwater remanso pig, swine puerco, cochino, marrano bank/shore ribera piscivorous, pisc:!voro, ra barbel barbilla fish-eating bass lobina pond, frog ranero belly, fish vent re cha porcupine puerco espin benthos bentos rabbit conejo brackish/briny salobre racoon mapache branchia branquia rat, female rata brook/creek rivera rat, kangaroo rata canguro brooklet arroyuelo rat, water satirio carp carp a reindeer rangffero, rengifero, reno catch, in a net redar, red

2 caudal fin or tail caudal, cola phytoplankton f itoplancton crab cangrejo plankton plancton cray fish as taco rapids, river rabi6n, rapidos cray fish cambaro rapids, river recial crustaceous crustaceo, a reach, stream tramo fluvial culture, fish piscicultura river do dam, as with beavers represa, rebalsar, estanca rivulet, stream, riacho, riachuelo dorsal dorsal rill dorsal fin aleta dorsal roe, fish eggs hueva downstream d.o abajo salamander salamandra estuary, inlet estuario, desembocadura salmon salmon fish pez seine, fishing net cercote fish, game pescados de caza shad sabalo fish, lake charal shad alosa fish, small bait jaramugo spawn, to desovar fish, to pescar spawning of fishes f reza fisherman pescador spawning season, desove fishhook anzuelo, hamo spawning fishing, angling pesca stream, torrent raudal frog rana rapid frog, leopard rana, leopardo streambed f ondo del lecho

frog, pond ranero tadpole renacuajo ground, fishing/ pesquerfa thermic, thermal termico, ca fishery toad sapo hatchery, fish piscif actor{a trade, fishing pesquer!a, pesca ichthyology ictiologfa trap, fish butrino lagoon, small lake laguna trap, fish/snare garlito lake lago trout trucha layer, under a river subalveo, a underwater, subacuatico, ca bed subaquatic limit, size l{mite de tamano upstream aguas arriba line, fishing sedal ventral ventral

net, dip/scoop net salabardo Botany net, fish dip nansa net, fishing/seine tirona achene aquenio net, netting red acorn bellota net, large fishing cedazo agrostology agrostolog{a net, river fishing redaya alder aliso (Alnus) net, shad alrnatroque algae, green alga verde net, shad sabalo ament amen to nymph ninfa androecium androceo opercular opercular anther antera operculum operculo an thesis antesis

3 appressed comprimido cane, reed can a arborescent arborescente carpel carpelo arborescent dendroideo, a cattail, bulrush anea arboretum arboreto cattail reed bohordo ash (£._raxinus) f resno caulescent caulescente aspen alamo temblon cedar cedro aster amelo cedar patch (small) tarajal awned aristoso, sa, aristado cell celula axil axila cell lumen cavidad celular bearing abundant cadanego, ga cell plate placa celular fruit every year cherry cerezo berry bay a chlorophyll clorofila biennial bianual chlorosis caquexia or clorosis biferous bfrero, ra clover, trefoil trebol bifid b{fido, da cluster, umbel ramillete, umbela billous velloso, sa clustered arracirnado, da biparous b!paro, ra cluster of shoots amacollar biont bionte coleoptile cole6ptilo biota biota columbine aguilena bipetalous bipetalo coniferous, conifer conifero, ra bipinnate bipinado, da cortex corteza birch abedul creeper estolon:f.f era bloom florecer cymose cimoso, sa borne upon the stem caul{fero, ra cypress cipres botanical botanico, ca dehiscent dehiscent botany botanica dendrochronology dendrocronologfa botany fitologfa dermal derrnico bract bractea dicotyledon dicotiledon bracteate bracteado, da dioecious dioico bract let bracteola dipetalous dipetalo, la bryophyte bri6fita disepalous disepalo, la buckthorn aladierno (Rhamnus) Douglas-fir abeto de Douglas bud yema drupe, stone fruit drupa bud (adventitious) yema adventicia elder sabuco bud, shoot gromo elder tree, sauco bud (terminal) yema terminal elderberry bulb bulbo elm olmo (Ulmus) bulbous bulboso, sa elm grove olmeda bunch/cluster of macolla elm grove, poplar negrillera roots or flowers grove cactus cacto, cactus embedded empotrado calyx caliz endoderrnis endoderrnis cambium c~mbiurn ephedra (joint fir) belcho, efedra

4 epigynous epigino imbricate imbricado, da epiphyte epifito, a indehiscence indehiscencia ethology etolog:!a inferior, lower infero, ra evergreen perennifolia, siempre inflorescence inf lorescencia verde internode eutrenudo extruded expulsado involucre involucro f asciation f asciacion involute involuta feather pluma juncaceous juncaceo female hembra juniper jun{pero, enebro fern helecho juniper berry nebrina, enebrina fibrous fibroso juniper grove nebral, nebreda fir abeto (Abies) juniper resin grasilla, resina fir (Abies) pinabete juniper tree or nebro flora flora shrub florescence f lorescencia knotweed (Polygonum altamandria floret flosculo aviculave) flower fl or lanceolate arrejonado, da flower stalk rabo, tallo floral lanceolate lanceolado, da foliose foliado latifoliate latifolio, a follicle foHculo leaf, petal petalo for leaves to turn alimonarse, amarillar leaflet hojuela yellow leafy frondoso, sa formation formaci6n legume legumbre, cambute foxtail almorejo lemma lema frond, leaf f ronda lichen liquen fruit f ruta ligule Hgula fungal fungal, fungoso lobed lobulado fungus f ungo locust robinia (~binia) geniculate geniculado, da maple arce, maple germination germinaci6n maple tree sacere globule globulo membrane membrana grama grass navajitas mesocarp mesocarpio gramineous gramineo, nea mesophyll mesof ilo granif erous granffero, ra mesophyte mesof ito gravel bar deposito de grava microphyte micr6fito guard cell celula oclusiva mistletoe muerdago gymnosperm gimnospermo, ma monocotyledon monocotiledon having fleshy leaves pencudo, da monoecious monoico herbarium herbario moss musco, musgo heterophyllous heter6filo, la multifid multlfido, da hydrophilous hidr6filo, la multif lora multif lor hydrophytic hidr6fito, ta mushroom champinon, nanacate, seta hypogyny hipoginia mushroom, toad stool bongo

5 mycelium micelio plasmodesmata plasmodesmos mycology micologfa pod vaina nerve, vein nervio, vena pointed puntiagudo, aleznado, da nodule nodulo pollen polen nopal, prickly pear nopal poplar alamo notched, indented recortado, da prickly pear fruit tuna nut, of any tree nuez prickly pear growth nopalera, tunal oak encino or thicket oak rob le primary wall membrana primaria oak grove or forest robleda pteridophyte pterid6fito oat, wild ballueca, avena silvestre pubescent, hairy pubescente obovate obovado, da raceme racimo onion, wild ceborrincha rachis raquis panic le pan!cula radiate radiado, da paniculate paniculado, da radicle rad:!cula pecan tree, pecan nut nogal relic reliquia pedicel pedicelo reticulate reticulado, da pedicellate pedicelado, da rhizome rizoma pedicle pedfculo root raiz peduncle pedunculo root cap cofia perianth periantio roots, matted raigambre petal petalo salicaceous salicaceo petiole peciolo salt cedar taraje, tamarix phanerophyte fanerof ita saxicolous, growing saxfcolo phenology fenologia among rocks phycology ficologfa seed semilla physiognomy f isonom!a semif loret semif losculo phyton f iton sepal sepalo phytoplankton f itoplancton septum septo pine, pine tree pino sessile sesil pine cone, pine nut pifia shoot, scion vastago, vastiga pine grove or forest pineda, pinar shoot, sprout, retoiio pine needle pinocha sucker pine needles alhumajo shoots, having many multicaule pinnate pinado, da shrub arbusto pinnatifid pinat!fido, da spike espiga pinon nut piiion spike let espiguilla pistil pistilo spore espora pistillate pistilado, da sprig, twig ramilla plant plant a stalk, having only unicaule plant sap savia one plants plantas, plantaje stalk, stem cabillo (collectively) staminate estaminado, da

6 stipule est:ipula weeping willow sauce llor6n substomatal chamber camara subestomatica white fir abeto blanco sunflower girasol wild grapevine parron sycamore sicornoro wild plants rusticano, na, plantas sympetalous simpetalo, la silvestres tamarix tamarisco, tarnariz willow salguera, ro, sauce taproot ra:lz pivotante willow grove sauceda, salceda, do taxaceous taxaceo, a willow (~lix incana) sacina tendril zarcillo xerophilous xerofilo, la terminal shoot gui.a terminal xerophytic, xerofito, ta tetrandrous tetrandro, a xerophyte tetrapetalous tetrapetalo, la xylem xilema thallophyte talof ita yarrow (Achillea altarreina thallus ta lo millefolium) thorn, caltrop, abrojo thistle Forestry thorn, spine on pincho, espina plants acidity acidez timothy fleo acreage superf ice medida en acres to blossom, flower f lorecer acrogenous producido en el apice tomentose tomentoso, sa aerial photo la f otograf !a aerea tree arbol afforestation fores tac ion trembling poplar, temblon age edad aspen age class clase de edad trifid tr!fido, da agronomy agronom!a trifoliate trifoliado, da air dry secado al aire tuber, tubercle tuberculo allowable cut posibilidad de corte tuberose, tuberous tuberosa, sa amount importe, cantidad umbel urnbela annual cut corte anual uniparous uniparo,.. ra annual ring zona anual de crecimiento, vegetation vegetacion anillo vein vena annual yield rendimiento anual vernation vernacion aphid af ido verticil verticilo appraisal tasacion verticil or whorl calicillo arboretum arboreto of leaves area superficie, area vesicule ves:!cula area regulation ordenacion por area vine viii.a artificial seeding siembra vine tendril pleguete ashes cenizas walnut nocedal autumn otodo walnut grove noceda, nogueral average tree arbol promedio walnut tree, walnut nocedal axe ha cha wood backfire contrafuego

7 bag bolsa cellulose celulosa ball planting plantar con terr6n center rot pudrici6n del corazon bands aw sierra cinta chain cadena bark corteza chainsaw sierra tronzadora de bark peeling descortezamiento cadena, motosierra barkbeetle escol{tido, descortezador charcoal carbon basal area area basal charcoal kiln carbonera base map plano general chip viruta beam viga chipboard tablero de particulas bed, nursery platabanda, vivero chipper astilladora beetle escarabajo chisel cincel

Biltmore stick regla de Biltmore chlorophyll clorof ila blaze (on a tree) mar car chlorosis clorosis blight tiz6n Christmas tree arbol de navidad block (cutting) tramo chromosome cromosoma blowdown vuelco por los vientos circular saw sierra circular blue stain azulado de madera cleaning (silv.) limpia board tabla clearcut matarrasa, talarasa boardf oot pie-tabla clearcut patches matarrasa por grupos bog peat turba clearcut strips matarrasa en fajas bole rollizo alternadas borer barrenador climate clima borer, increment taladro clod grumo boundary limite clone clon broadcast burn roza a fuego codominant codominante broadcast seeding sembrar a voleo compass brujula broad-leaved f rondosa computer computadora brush-cutter desbrozadora cone (pine) cono, piiia buck (in felling) tronzar coniferous con:!f era budget presupuesto contour line curva de nivel burl verruga control (pests) comb ate burn quemar control measure metodo de combate by-product producto secundario coppice monte bajo cable cable cord cuerda caliper f orcicula co'!'dwood leiia callus tejido cicatrizal corolla corola cambium cambium (Cronartium) roya vesicular camp camp amen to crosscut saw trozador canker cancrosis cross-pollinate alogamia canopy dosel crown (of tree) cop a caterpillar oruga crown-class clasif icacion arborea caterpillar tractor tractor oruga crown-closure espesura del dose! cell celula crown-fire incendio de copas

8 cruise-line caminato de muestreo eradicate erradicar cull (material) material def ectuosa error (sampling) error de muestreo cultural practice practica cultural estimation estimacion cut (to fell) cortar, talar even-aged coetaneo cutting estaquillado evergreen siempre verde cutting cycle ciclo de cortas exotic (species) especie exotica cutting period per!odo de cortas exploit aprovechar, explotar damage daiio fall (season) otoiio damping-off enf ermedad de las farm woodlot monte campesino almacigas fell talar, cortar, apear data datos fence cerco d.b.h. difunetro al altura del fence (to) cercar pecho fern helecho debarker descortezadora fertilizer abono qu!mico, defective defectuosa (chemical) f ertilizante defoliate deshojar fiber f ibra deforest desmontar field campo dendrometer dendrometro field party cuadrilla de campo density densidad field work trabajo de campo development desarollo financing f inanciamiento diameter diametro fire fuego diameter class clase diametrica fire control control de incendios diameter tape cinta diametrica fire (forest) incendio forestal dike dique firebreak franja cortafuega disease enf ermedad fire line cortafuego disk plow arado de discos flood (to) inundar district distrito forest bosque, monte district ranger ingeniero jefe del forest inventory estad!stica f orestal distrito forest guard guarda f orestal dominant dominante forest land terreno f orestal dormancy periodo de reposo forest management manejo forestal dormant (seed) germinacion retardada forest policy pol!tica f orestal Douglas-fir abeto de Douglas forest regulation ordenacion f orestal drill (seed) siembra en hileras forest research investigacion f orestal dry-kiln secadero forest soil suelo forestal dry rot podredumbre forestry dasonom!a duff mantilla form factor coeficiente morf ico dwarf-mistletoe muerdago formula formula ecology ecolog!a frequency f requencia economics econom!a frost helada effect efecto fungal disease mi co sis environment ambiente fungus (growth) hongo environmental ambiental furniture muebles

9 furrow surco interest (rate) tasa de interes gall agalla intermediate cut aclareo gall-midge, nutgall cecidia interval intervalo generation generacion intolerant intolerante genotype genotipo inventory inventario, estad:fstica, germination germinacion censo girdle (to) anillar irrigate (to water) regar grade (to) clasif icar knot nu do graft (to) injertar knotty nudoso grain (of wood) grano de madera land use aprovechamiento de tierras ground fire incendio superficial landscape paisaje grow (to cultivate) cultivar larva larva growing stock madera en pie leader (growth) gu{a terminal growth crecimiento length longitud gully carcava level (ground) terreno llano hail granizo level (instrument) nivel hair roots raices cepilares lift (seedlings) desarraigar hand (work by) a mano lightning rayo, relampago hardwood madera dura (de especie lignin lignina frondosas) litter (leaves) hojarasca harrow rastra litter (refuse) desecho harrow (to) rastrear load (to) cargar harvest cosechar loader (jammer) grua heart shake hendido en el duramen log trozo de madera, leno heartwood duramen logging (harvest) explotaci6n forestal height altura lookout tower torre de vigilancia herbicide herbicida lop (to) desramar hereditary hereditario lumber madera aserrada horticulture horticultura management objective objetivo de manejo humus mantillo acido, humus management plan plan de manejo hybrid h:fbrido management unit unidad de manejo hydrology hidrologfa map mapa, plano hypsometer hipsometro mark (trees) senalar arboles

improvement (forest) mejoramiento market value valor corriente increment incremento marsh pantano increment borer taladro mature maduro increment (mean incremento media anual mature stand maderable annual) maturity madurez inf est inf es tar meadow pradera infestation inf es tac ion meadow (wet) cienaga injury herida mean promedio, media insect insecto mensuration mensuracion insolation aislamiento measure medida

10 micorrhiza micorriza plant plant a microclimate microclima plant (to) plantar, sembrar mistletoe muerdago plantation plan tac ion moist humedo planting bar barra de hendir moisture content contenido de humedad planting machine plantadora mold mo ho planting stock plan tones morphology morfolog:fa plot parcela moss mus go plow (to) arar moth polilla plywood triplex mulch colchon de materia poison (to) envenenar organica pole paste multiple use aprovecho multiple pollinate polinizar natural resource recurse natural pollution (air) polucion del ambiente nursery vivero pollution (water) polucion del agua nurseryman arboricultor preparatory cutting corta preparatoria nut nuez prism prisma open space (in) calvero provenance origen, procedencia forest) prune (to) podar ornamental (tree) arbol ornamental pulpwood madera en rollo overmature sobremaduro railroad tie durmiente de f errocarril overstory estrato superior random azar over topped suprimido rate of interest tasa de interes palea palea, glumilla recreation recreo palisade cells celulas en empalizada reforestation reforestacion parasite parasite regeneration regeneracion parasitic parasitario regeneration cut corta de regeneracion parenchyma parenquima regulation of cut ordenacion del park-like forest bosque parque aprovechamiento particle-board tablero de part!culas relascope relascopio peel (to) descortezar research investigacion peeler (log) madera de desenrollo resin resina percent por ciento resources recur sos percentage porcentaje ring, annual anillo anual

pest plaga ring shake acebolladura pesticide pesticida road, access camino acceso phloem f loema road system red de caminos physiologic fisiologica rot podredumbre pile apilamiento rotation rotacion pine (Pi nus) pino roundwood madera en rollo pine cone cono, pina row fila, hilera pine needle aguja rust (disease) roya pith medula safety seguridad planning planeamiento salvage (cutting) corta de salvamiento

11 sample muestra skid (logs) arrastrar (extraer) sample distribution distribucion de muestra skidding extracc:fon sample plot parcela de prueba slab costero sample tree arbol tipo slash desechos de la corta sampling muestreo slope questa, pendiente sampling error error de muestreo snag fuste muerto sandy a reno so softwood madera blanda (de sap savia conifera) saplings (thicket) monte bravo species especie sapwood albura spiral (grain) torcida savanna sabana split (to) rajar saw (to) aserrar spray (to) rociar saw sierra spring (season) primavera sawdust aserrfn, serraduras stand improvement tratamienta cultural sawmill aserreradero stand (of trees) masa, macizo sawtimber madera para aserrar standard deviation deviaci6n estandar scale (of map) escala standing timber madera en pie scale (timber) medici6n de volumen stem (bole) tronco, elfuste scenic beauty belleza del paisaje stereoscope estereoscopio scion pua para injertar stigma estigma scrub (growth) matorral stocking densidad season (of year) es tac ion stratification estratif icacion

seed semilla stratified sample muestreo estratificado seedbed cama de siembra almaciga strip faja, banda seeding siembra stump cepa, toc6n seedling brinzal, semill6n, stumpage (value) valor de madera en pie plantu la summer verano seedling stage repoblado suppressed suprimido seed tree arbol semillero sustained yield rendimiento sostenido seed tree cutting corta diseminatoria system sistema seed tree method talarasa con portagranos table (of figures) tabla, cuadro selection forest bosque de entresaca tape (measuring) cinta de medici6n selection thinning aclareo selectiva temperature temperatura

selective cut corta de entresaca termite termita, comejen shade sombra thin (to) aclarear, entresacar shade tolerant umbrof ila thinning from above aclara por lo alto shake (heartshake) tejamanil thinning from below aclara de la parte sharpen afilar inferior shelterwood (system) cortes sucesivas thinning method metodo de aclareo silvicultural silvicultural timber madera silvicultural system sistema silvicultural tongs tenazas silviculture silvicultura top apice site quality calidad del sitio top (to) de spun tar

12 top diameter diametro superior accretion embancarniento, tractor tractor aluvionamiento trail (path) vereda acid acido transplant trasplantar acidity acidez tree arbol aggradation aterramiento tree (relating to) arborea aggregate, soil agregado turpentine trernentina alkali alcali, caliche undercut incision de corta alkaline alcalino uneven-aged disetaneo alluvial aluvial, aluvional unit (management) unidad de rnanejo alluvial fan cono de deyeccion unit (of area) unidad de area abanico aluvial unit (organization) unidad del organizacion alluvium aluvion utilization aprovechamiento, analysis, mechanical analisis rnecanico utilizacion anthropic antropico vegetation vegetacion a pedal a pedal veneer chapa de madera aquic acuico vigor vigor argillic, clay arcila, arcilla vine vina argillic, clayey arciloso, arcilloso volume volumen auger, soil sonda de tierra volume (of a stand) mas a autoclave autoclave volume regulation ordenacion por volumen azonal, soil azonal volume table tabla de volumen classification waste desperdicio backfill, fill terraplen watershed area cuenca badland, clay loam terreno abarrancado watershed (boundary) divisoria de aguas badlands tierras de bald{o weather tiempo bed load cargasolida wedge cuiia bedrock lecho de roca weeding deshierbe boulder, rock pedrej6n, pena, roca weeds malezas breccia brecha weight peso calcareous calcareo whorl (of branches) verticilo calcic calcico wind throw vuelco por los vientos cambic cambico winter invierno catena catena wither marchitar clay loam greda, franco arcilloso wood madera clay, loamy gredal woody plant plan ta leiiosa clay mud, silt barro xylem xilerna clay pan tosca arc.illosa yield rendirniento clayey barroso, sa yield table tabla de rendimiento cleavage carga de raja clod terron cobble guijarro Soil cobbly land guijarral abutment estribo colloid, soil coloide del suelo

13 colluvium colluvion microrelief micro relieve concretion concrecion mollic molico consistence, soil consistencia del suelo ochric ocrico crust costra overburden sobrecarga de suelo desert pavement adoguina oxic oxico desert varnish barniz del desierto paralithic paral:ftico dirt, soil tierra peak, high hill cabezo drainage basin cuenca hidrografica peat turba durinode durnudo pebbles, stones rocalia duripan dubstrato, duro ped, earth clod terron edaphic edafico, ca pediment fronton pendiente eluviation eluviacion pedology pedologfa eolian eolico pedologist pedologo erode desgastar, erosionar pedon pedon erosion erosion peneplain peniplanicie erosion, accelerated erosion acelerada percolate percolarse erosion bank desprendimiento de ribero pergelic pergelico erosion, gully erosion de carcavas phase f ase erosion, pavement pedrera de erosion platy en placas erosion, rill erosion por regueros podzol podzol erosion, sheet erosion laminar regolith regolita erosion, splash erosion superficial rill riachuelo

f loculation f loculaci6n runoff escorrent:fa, escurrimento friable friable salic salico granular granuloso sampler sacamuestras gravel bar deposito de grava sampling muestreo gravel, coarse sand grava sand arena gravelly, stony guij oso, sa sand dune medano, duna hardpan capa dura, tosca sandy clay arcillo arenoso his tic histico sandy clay loam f ranco arcillo arenosa illuvial iluvial sandy ground or place arenal illuviation iluviacion sandy, heavy coarse sabulo impermeable layer capa impermeable sandy loam f ranco arenoso

land form f orma terrestre silt limo landslide derrumbe silt loam f ranco limo so leaching lixiviaci6n siltation aterramiento liming, soil encalado silty clay loam franco arcillo limo so lithie litico soil, acid sue lo acido lithosequence litosecuencia soil, aeolian sue lo eolico loam arcilla soil, alkaline sue lo a lea lino loamy sand arena francosa, franca soil, a loam tierra f ranca loess loess soil, calcareous sue lo calizo me sic mesico soil, chestnut sue lo castaii.os

14 soil, clay loam suelo franco arcilloso udic udico soil, colluvial suelo coluvial us tic ustico soil creep dezlizamiento de suelo soil, degraded dezlizamiento Wildlife deslavado soil depth dezlizamiento, profundidad abiotic abi6tico del suelo abomasum abomaso soil, earth sue lo accipiter accipitre soil, eluvial dezlizamiento eluvial activity actividad soil horizon horizonte edaf ico aesthetics estetico soil, immature suelo inmaturo amphibian anfibio soil, loam tierra f ranco anaerobic anaerobico, ca soil mantle manto de suelo anatomy anatom:!a soil, mature suelo maduro animal, big-hoofed cascudo, da soil, mineral suelo mineral animal, wild, or fiera soil, moisture suelo, humedad del beast soil, muck suelo humif ero annulus anillo soil, normal suelo climax antler as ta soil, organic suelo organico antler, budding mogote soil, pit pozo agrologico antlers/fawns first cerceta soil porosity porosidad edaf ica growth soil profile perf il del suelo antlers, to cut off descogotar soil, residual, suelo sedentario aquatic acuatico primary archer, bowman asaeteador soil, saline suelo salino area, concentration area superpoblada soil series suelo, series de area, key pastizal tipo soil, skeletal suelo esqueletico area, primitive reserva primitiva soil texture suelo, textura del area, wilderness zona selvatica soil, top­ capa arable arthropod artropodo, da soil, top suelo vegetal autopsy autopsia soil type suelo, tipo del aviary pajarera soil, virgin liego, ga bag limit cantidad permitible spodic esp6dico bait cebo, carnada stony pedregoso, sa beard barba stony ground pedregal, pedroche b~havior comportamiento stony, rocky ground cantalinoso, sa bifurcate bifurcado, da streambed, riverbed alveo big-footed pat6n subsoil subsuelo bill pico substratum substrata biological biol6gico, ca survey, soil investigacion de suelos biologist bi6logo suelos biometry biometrfa topsoil mantilla biped b{pedo, da thermic termico bird pajara, ro

15 bird, game ave de casa climbing, mountain alpinismo bird, leader of guion cloven-hoofed patihendido, da migratory flock cock, rooster gallo or leading coefficient, coeficiente de dog in a pack digestion degestibilidad bird of prey rale6n, ave de presa cohort coho rte birds, insectivorous aves insectivoras cold-blooded hemacrimo birds, migratory aves migratorias conserve, to conservar birth, giving cadaiiero, ra control, biological control biologica annually coo, to (doves) zurear bleating, sound balido cooing, (doves) zureo of deer, sheep, count, strip medidas en brute goats cover, escape resguardo natural blind, hunter's aguardadero, aguardo cover, game cobij o blind, hunter's/hut huta, paranza covey, brood pollada, nidada bovid bovido covey of birds bandada bovine bovine, na cycle, life ciclo vital breakout of egg shell apitonar cyclic cfclico using bird's beak cyst quiste breast of a fowl pechuga decoy, lure anagaza, senuelo brood, nest of eggs nidada deer venado brood of chicks echadura de pollos, cd.a deer, small or young gamezno buck, immature alero den, bear's/lair osera burrow, badger tejonera den, lair guarida cackle, to/caw, croak graznar density densidad call, bird chifle depredation depredacion call, decoy chillido desertion desercion call, deer (bleet) gamitido diet dieta call, deer/to sound gamitar digestibility digestibilidad (as with deer call) digitate cisipedo, digitado call, to call the doe roncar disembowel desentraiiar (as a buck in a rut) dispersion dispersion can id canido display of exployada canine canine outstretched wing capacity, carrying capacidad de carga dfstribution distribucion cinegetica diversity diversidad carnivorous carnivore, ra docile docil cat gata, o dogs, pack of mu ta caw, cackle, croak graznido dormant letargo census, game censo de caza down, bird plumon cervidae cervidos duck pa to claw/talon garra duck, wild alavanco

16 duckling anadeja, anadino gestation gestacion dwelling/cave cavernicola gray-haired pelicano, na dwelling, earth terricola gregarious gregario, a eagle aguila ground, hunting cazadero ecology ecologfa habitat habitaci6n, habitat ectoparasite ectoparasito hair, fur pelo edible comestible hair, to grow a pelechar egg huevo new coat/ elk ant a feathers elk, moose alee heat, in season celo embryo embri6n (female) entrails entraiias herbivorous, herb:lvoro equilibrium equilibria herbivore equine equine herd, flock manada escape/flight escape, vuelo heterogeneity heterogeneidad eviscerate ext inc ion hibernation hibernacion exotic exotico hide, (to) in an encodillarse extinct ext inc to inaccessible falcon, newborn niego portion of burrow falconry/hawking halconer{a, cetreria hiss, hissing silbo falcons, eagles, falconidos hole, burrow hurera, huronera birds of prey hole, fox/burrow den raposera fat, animal enjundia hole, fox zorrera fauna fauna homeothermal homeotermo, ma fawn cervato hoof, (cloven-hoofed pesuiia, pezuiia feather, to pluck off desemplurnar animal) feathery/downy plumoso, sa horn, budding of piton fecundity fecundidad goat, deer female hembra horn of animals cuerno feral feral horned, with horns astado fertilization f ertilizacion horns, shedding of desmogue fetal fetal horns, to shed desmogar fetus f eto hunt, a caza flank of an animal ijada hunt/hunting caceria fledgling guacharo, ra/guacharro, ra hunt (birds) pajarear flock rebaiio hunt, to cazar flock of birds parvada hunter cazador, ra flock of turkeys pavada hunter montero gallinaceous gallinaceo hunter, head cazador de cabezas game, big caza mayor hunter, lying in wait paradislero game, small caza me nor hunting, big game monter{a game, upland caza menor deportiva hybrid hfbrido, da genotype genotipo immature inmaturo, ra

17 impregnate, to/ fecundizar natural natural inseminate inseminar nest nido inbreeding endogamia nest, brood of eggs nidada incubate, to incubar or newly hatched incubation incubacic5n birds innate innato nest, eagle aguilera innate, inherent connatural nest, of mice ratonera interaction interacci6n nest, to anidar interspersion entremezcladura nest, to nidificar inventory inventario nesting place/box nidal invertebrate invertebrado, da neutralism neutralismo lactation lactancia neutralist neutralista law, game ley da caza non-poisonous at6xico lay (eggs) aovar nourishment alimentaci6n leporid lep6ride nutrition nutrici6n license licencia omnivorous, omivore omnivoro, ra litter, brood of camada ornithology ornitologfa animals oviparous ovfparo litter of animals cachillada palmate palmeado lizard fardacho papilla papila lizard lagartija parasite parasite, ta lizard, horned lagartija cornudo parasitic parasitico, ca longevity longevidad parasitism parasitismo male macho partridge, ptarmigan perdiz mammalian, mammal mam{f ero partridge, young perdigana, perdig6n mammary mamario, ria path, trail vereda management, game reglamentaciou de caza paw, foot pata marsupial marsupial paw, of large felines zarpa meat, to debone desencarnar peliage, hair pelaje meat, game salvajina, no pellets, deer, cagarruta metabolic metabolico rabbits, or sheep migration migracion fecal migratory (birds) peregrine, na periodic periodico, ca mimicry mimetismo pesticide pesticida mobility movilidad phenotype fenotipo monogamy monogamia phenotypic fenod.pico, ca mortality mortalidad phylogeny f ilogenia mottled jabado, da piglet, suckling pig gorrf n mutualism mutualismo place, breeding criadero mutualist mutualista place, hiding escondedero natal natal place, nesting/box nidal natality natalidad place, rutting or bramadero native nativo, va mating

18 place, wallowing revolcadero rut, heat of verriondez of animals swine and sheep plumage plumaje rut, rutting season ronca poacher cazador furtive rutting in verriondo, da

· 1 poison, venom ponzona swine and sheep population poblacion sac, air/cell saco aereo post, lookout descubridero sac, yolk saco vitelino pouch, cheek abaz6n scats, bird of prey/ tullidura predator alimana, predator droppings pregnant prenada season, closed temporada cerrada prehensile prensil season, mating of brama preserve, game coto de caza animal, (rut)

pullet polla season, open temporada abierta quadruped cuadrupedo secretion secreci6n rabid rabico sheep, female oveja radius radio shelter, refuge recepto rap tors rapaces shoot (to), birds on volateo ratio, kill capacidad de caza the wing/flight rattlesnake vibora de cascabel, short-haired pelicorto, ta crotalo skin, hide cuero reconnaissance, estimacion de pastizales skin, hide pellejo range snake, large culebron

recreation recreacion snake, small culebra recruitment reclutamiento snare alzapie refuge refugio snare, bird esplique refuge, game refugio de caza snare, bird, orzuelo remote remoto, ta or animal trap repopulate, to repoblar solitary solitario reptile reptil songbird ave cantora resources, natural recursos naturales specialist especialista respiration respiracion specialist, predator alirnanero restoration restauracion control (warden)

reticulum of a redecilla species especie ruminant species, indicator especie indicator rhythm ritmo species of large deer especie alanes rodent roedor specimen especimen rostrum rostro split-hoofed, like capr:!pedo, da routine rutina goats rumen rumen stalk, to arnaitinar rumen (ruminants) rumen stomach panza ruminant rumiante swampy, bog pantano rumination rumia, rumiadura swampy, boggy paludoso, sa/palustre

19 symbiosis simbiosis symbiotic simbi6tico Range tail rabo tail, animal cola abundance abundancia tail, having a caudimano acre-foot pie-acre prehensile adaptation adaptacion telemetry telemetria agriculture agricultura terrestrial terrestre agronomy agronomia territorial territorial alpine alpestre, alpino, na toe, of cloven-footed carnicol amplitude amplitud animal analysis analisis tooth, canine colmillo analysis, qualitative analisis cualitativo tooth/tusk/fang diente analysis, analisis cuantitativo track, animal huella quantitative track, trail of an pis ta analytic, analytical analitico, ca animal arctic artico, ca trap, snare tramp a area, basal area basal trap, to atrapar area, burnt woodland chamicera trapper cazador de alforja area, that remains fresquedal trapper trampero, ra green during dry tree, to encogollarse season trend tendencia arid arido

triangulation triangulacion aspect aspecto turkey pava, pavo, guajolote ass, donkey burro ungulate ungulado ass, female burra value, food alimenticio asses, herd of donkey burrada vampire vampire associes asocies venison carne de venado atmosphere atmosf era venom veneno autecology autecologi'a vertebrate vertebrado autogamy autogamia viper v::lbora barley cebada viviparous vivfparo barn, cattle tenada wallow, to encenagarse barren esteril warm-blooded hematermo belt faja, zona warden, game guardabosque bioclimatology bioclimatolog{a wasp avispa biogenic biogeno, na watcher, bird observador de pajaros biogeography biogeograf{a waterfowl ave acuatica biomass biomasa web footed palm::lpedo biome bioma white-tailed rabican, no biota biota wild animals animales salvajes biotic potential potencial bi6tico wild, untamed salvaje biotype biotipo zone, climatic zona climatica

20 birth, to give parir class, age clase de edad bovine bovino, vacuno class, canopy clase de cobertura de breed crianza follaje brooklet arroyuelo class, condition clase de condicion de! browse, forage cut ram6n agostadero for fodder class, diameter clase diametrica browse, to ramonear class, life-form clase vitamorf o16gica brush control control de arbustos class, height clase de altura buck, young novillo classification clasif icaci6n bud, sprout, shoot brote classification, clasif icacion de bud, to sprout brotar range pastizales budding, sprouting brotadura clearing raso bull toro climate clima bunchgrass zacate amacollado climatic climatico canopy (herbaceous) cobertura de follaje climax climax capacity, grazing capacipad de pastoreo closed canopy cobertura cerrada pastoreo coaction coaccion carbohydrate carbohidrato cohort cohorte cattle ganado collection recoleccion cattle, community manada community comunidad herd of community, climax comunidad climax cattle, drove of novillada community, plant asociaci6n de plantas young association cattle, in rut toriondo competition competici6n cattle, parturition pa rider a consociation consoci6n place of consocies consocies cattle, parturition parici6n constancy constancia time of consumer consumidor, ra cattle, pasture for vequeril, potrero continuum continua cattle ranching or ganaderia corral, pen, sty encerradero, corral breeding corral, to pen arredillar cattle, rut of toriondez countryside campina cattle terraces terracillas de cover, range plant cobertura del pastizal sobrepastoreo cover, vegetation cobertura vegetal cattle, to corral encorralar cover, vegetative cobertura vegetante cattle, to gather acubilar cow vaca cattle, to gather embrosquilar cowhand vaquero, ra into a fold cow, herd vacada, manada cattle, to put empotrerar crop, forage cosecha de foraje out to graze defecate, to def ecar check dam dique de consolidaci6n defoliate, to de foliar chemical, chemist qufmico defoliation defoliacion chemistry qufmica dense denso, sa

21 dense, woodland arcabuco farmer granjero, ra or brush thicket farming granjerfa densitometer densitometro felling or clearing desmonte density densidad of trees density, stand densidad de masa fertile lowland veg a desert, wasteland desierto fidelity fidelidad dio~cious dioicas field (the field) campo dispersal dispersion fire incendio, fuego dominant dominante fire effects ef ectos del fuego donkey burro, burra fire, forest incendio de bosques driveway, stock paso de ganado fire, range incendio del pastizal drought, dry season seca, sequf.a fistula f fstula dry matter materia seca floodplain lecho de inundaci6n dung, cattle bonigo foliage follaje dung, horse, cow bosta follow barb echo ecologic, ecol6gico forage forraje ecological forage, to forrajear ecologist ecologo, ga forage value valor forrajero ecology ecolog:fa forb, weed hierba ecotone ecotono forest, wood, grove f oresta ecotype ecotipo forestation fores tac ion

edaphic edaf ico forester, forest f orestero enclosure cercado, cercamiento, keeper area de exclusion forestry, related forestal endemic endemico to forests environment ambiente frequency f recuencia environmental ambiental gage, rain pluvi6metro ephemeral, stream, arroyo garden, botanical j a rd in botanico water course gauging, water hidrometr:fa equilibrium equilibria current erosion erosion goat, female cabra erosion streambank desprendimiento de ribera goat, male bode, macho cabrio

eutrophic eutr6fico goat, young cabrito, ta ewe oveja, borrega goats ganado caprino ewe, small or ovejuela gradient gradiente young grass-eating graminfvoro exposure exposicion grasshopper chapulfo faciation faciacion graze, to pastorear, apacentar f acies f acies graze, to put out pacer factor, proper use coef iciente de to graze aprovechamiento grazing, conservative pastoreo limit ado farm, grange granja grazing, def erred pastoreo dif erido farm, owner f inquero grazing, premature pastoreo premature

22 grazing right derecho de pastoreo hydrophytic hidr6fito grazing, rotation pastoreo en rotacion hydro sere hidrosere grazing, selective pastoreo selectivo ignite, set fire encender greenhouse invernadero inclination, slope inclinaci6n de la ground cover covertura del subsuelo pendiente groundwater capa freatica increaser acrecentado grow, to grow roots enraizar index fodice grow, to grow shoots, entallecer inventory inventario sprouts investigation, investigaci6n grow, to grow among entrecriarse irrigation regadura, irrigaci6n other plants irrigation ditch regadero

growing season periodo vegetativo irrigation, canel regona gulley, gulch, canada, barranca island is la • 1 ravine isothermal isotermo, isotermico gullies, to form arroyar knoll, mound (small) mont:!culo habit, grazing f orma de pastar land, dry barren secadal habitat habitat land, fallow aii.ojal half-shrub semiarbusto land, flat tract of, sillada halophyte halofita on mountain slope halophytic halofilo land, pasture zacatal hay he no land, small tract of hazuella

hay, fodder, grass forraje land, tract of terreno, na feed land, tract of arable haza hedged recomidas land, wasteland, yermo heifer vaquilla barren hemisphere hemisf erio landholder terrateniente herbaceous herbaceo leaves, dry, falle, borusca herbage herbaje brushwood herbarium, botanist herbario lick, salt salega, lamedero herbicide herbicida life-form forma biologica herbivore, herbivorus herb!voro lignin lignina hierarchy jerarqu!a litter, (leaves, broza, hojarasca hill loma etc)

hill, knoll, butte otero management, forest ordenacion de montes hillside ladera management, livestock ordenacion de la ganader:!a homogenous homogeneo, a management, range ordenacion de pastos horizon horizonte management, watershed manejo de cuencas horse caballo management, wildlife manejo de fauna silvestre horse herd caballada manure estiercol horses ganado caballar marsh cienaga humidity humedad marshland, marsh fachinal humus humus marshland, swamp almarjal hydrology hidrolog{a meadow pradal, prado

23 meadow, small pradej6n physiognomy f isonomfa mensuration mensuraci6n, medici6n phytogeography fitogeograf {a mesophyte mes6f ito phytosociology fitosociologfa method me to do plant, indicator planta indicadora methodology metodologi.a plant, to plantar microclimate microclima plant uprooting rancajada, desenraizar monoecious monoico plasticity plasticidad mosaic mosaico plot, experimental parcela experimental mountain montana plot, study parcela de ensayo mountain pass or collado plot, transect parcela de muestra small hill plow, to barbechar mountainous montanoso, sa plowing of barbechada mouth of river desembocadura pollination polinizaci6n muddy, boggy lo do so pollution poluci6n mulch, compost la tame polyandrous poliandro, ra native, indigenous nativo polygamous polfgamo, ma natural natural polymerous polimero, ra nature naturaleza pond, ephermeal bodon, estanque niche niche pond, small shallow badina noxious, harmful nocible, nociva pond, stock tank albuhera, amanal nutrient nutriente pool, pond, reservoir estanque nutrition nutricion population poblacion oak grove or wood carvajal prairie, plain llano, pradera oligotrophic oligotrof ico presence presencia orchard arboleda primary succession sucesion primaria organic matter materia organica producer productor overgrazing sobre pastoreo profile perfil overgrazing pastoreo excesivo prune, to, trim a podar paddock, grassland herbazal tree park parque pull, up by the roots desarraigar, desenraizar pasture, (area) for potrero, pastizal roots cattle quad rat cuadrato pasture, fodder pastura radiation radiaci6n pasture, grazing apacentadero, potrero ranch rancho area pastizal ran-cher ranchero pasture, used in veranadero range, or grazing lote de pastes summer allotment pastureland pastadero range appraisal valoracion del pastizal ped, clod of earth terron range condition condicion del pastizal period, grazing periodo de pastoreo range improvement mejoramiento periodic peri6dico, ca range, short mountain serrijon, serrania phenology fenologf.a range of small hills colladia photosynthesis fotosintesis range, open pastadero libre

24 range, rugged sierra sharp peak or summit picacho mountain sheep, flock of carnerada, rebano range, yearlong pastadero permanente sheep, flock of borregada reconnaissance reconocimiento yearling reforestation reforestaci6n sheep, ram carnero relationship relaci6n she pa rd borreguero, pastor relic reliquia shrub arbusto reservation reservaci6n shrub-like arbustivo, va reserve reserva sigmoid sigmoideo, a reticulum (ruminant) redecilla singe, to sear, chamuscar revegetation revegetacion scorch riparian riberano, na, ribereiio, na site sitio riparian, amn:f cola slope, gradient cuesta, pendiente (terrestria) sociability sociabilidad rock, stone piedra sod cesped Rocky Mountains Montanas Rocosas sod, grass hierba de cesped Rocky Mountains Montanas Rocallosas soil, dry barren secaral rocky, stony rocalloso, sa soil, earth suelo, tierra rocky, stony rocoso, sa soil, hard crust tastaiia rocky terrain penascal soil, survey apeo de suelos row of trees, plants linio, hilera species especie rugged, rough terrain fragoso, escabroso specimen especimen ruggedness, montuosidad spring (water) fuente, manantial wilderness stagnant estancado rumen rumen stand of trees mas a ruminate, to rumiar steep rugged rock, penasco rumination rumia, rumiadura crag saline salino, na steep slope, ravine garma saline ground salobre steepest part of varga salinity salinidad hill or slope salt, to feed to salgar stratum estrato livestock streambank ribera del torrente season, period temporada streambed fondo del lecho, alveo sediment sedimento streammouth desembocadura sedimentary sedimentario, ria ~ubalpine subalpino, a sedimentation sedimentacion subspecies subespecie seedbed, plant plantario, cama de siembra substratum substrato nursery subterranean subterraneo, a seed drill sembradora de hileras subtropical subtropical self-fertilization auto fertilizaci6n succession sucesion self-pollination auto polinizaci6n summer verano semi-arid semiarido, da summer season veranada sharecropping aparcer!a summit cumbre

25 survey reconocimiento vegetation vegetacion systems sistema vegetative vegetativo, va systenunatic sistematico, ca vigor vigor technique tecnica vitality vitalidad technology tecnolog:f.a volunteer plants plantas espontaneas terrestrial terrestre watershed cuenca theory teor:f.a wave on water onda, ala thicket. boscaje weeds (noxious) malezas tillage labranza weeds, forbs yerbas tolerance tolerancia wetting agent agente humectante

tract, woodland with oquedal winter blooming hiemacion fall and lofty wintering place invernadero t re.mp le, to patullar, pisotear wire, barbed alambre de puas transect transecto wooded, densely arcabucoso transpiration transpiraci6n wooded, densely boscoso tree fork or branch orqueta woodland arboleda tree, half-burnt, chamizo woodland monte, bosque or log woods, forest bosque tree stump tocon woods, forest selva trees, bare of subaf luente woods, of the selvatico, ca undergrowth xerophyte xerofita tributary xerophytic xerof itico

trophic trofico yearling, bull calf becerro tundra tundra yearling, calf or aiiojo, ja twig verdasca, ramita lamb undergrowth, brozoso, sa yearling, female becerra brushy with calf understory estrato inferior yearling, lamb borrego, ga ungulate ungulado zonation zonif icaci6n uptake asimilar zone zona use, utilization aprovechamiento zone, buffer zona amortiguada

26 ESPANOL-ING LES

Animales

Espanol ahuizote otter dama fallow deer alee, venado alazan elk elefante, ta elephant almizclera muskrat gacel male gazelle alpaca alpaca gacela gazelle anteburro Mexican tapir gama female fallow deer ant!lope antelope gamo male fallow deer ardilla squirrel gato mantes bobcat, wild cat ardilla de la tierra ground squirrel guigui flying squirrel (Pteromys ardilla gr is gray squirrel petaurista) ardilla listada chipmunk guill:!.n otter (Lutra hnidobria) ardilla voladora flying squirrel (Pteromx:s hiena hyena £._etaurista hirco wild goat baquira peccary :Cb ice ibex bermej izo, za fruit bat jabal:! wild boar berrendo antelope jabali verrugoso warthog bicerra mountain goat jabalina female boar, collared bisonte bison peccary borrego cimarron sheep, mountain jaguar jaguar bufalo, la buffalo jirafa giraffe cabro wild goat koala koala camel lo camel lagomorfo lagomorph campanol field mouse le6n lion canguro kangaroo leon de montaiia mountain lion castor beaver leona lioness cebra zebra leoncico, leoncillo, lion cub chacharita collared peccary leoncito chibiguazu ocelot le~pardo leopard chimpance chimpanzee lep6ride leporid churcha opossum liebre hare, jackrabbit c{bolo, a bison lince lynx coati coati llama llama cochina sow lobezno wolf cub comadreja weasel lobo wolf conejo rabbit lutria otter coyote coyote mapache raccoon

27 mapurite skunk tigre tiger marmota marmot tigrillo wild cat murcielago fruit bat tlacuache opossum mustela weasel to po mole iiu gnu unau sloth nutria otter venado deer ocelote ocelot venado cola blanca Whitetail deer or ix oryx venado cola negra blacktail deer osezno bear cub vicuiia vicuna oso, a bear zarigtieya opossum oso colmenero little anteater zorra, ro fox oso gris grizzly bear zorrillo skunk oso horrniguero great anteater zorro artico arctic fox oso marsupial koala zorro de las praderas kit fox, prairie fox oso negro black bear zorro rojo red fox oso pardo brown bear zorro volante flying fox oso polar polar bear pajaro carpintero woodpecker Pesqueria pale to fallow deer pantera panther acuoso aqueous pecari peccary aguas arriba upstream perezoso sloth aleta dorsal dorsal fin petigris common gray squirrel alga verde green algae picamadero woodpecker almatroque shad net piscivoro, ra piscivorous, fish-eating alosa shad puerco pig, swine anzuelo fish hook puerco espin porcupine as taco crayfish rabopelado opossum barbilla barbel ranero frog pond bentos bent hos rang{fero, reng!fero, reindeer branquia branchia reno butrino fish trap raposa, so, fox cambaro crayfish rata female rat cangrejo crab rata amizclada muskrat carpa carp rata canguro kangaroo rat cauqal caudal fin or tail rat6n de campo field mouse cedazo large fishing net rat6n, na male mouse cercote seine, fishing net roedor rodent cetaria fish hatchery satirio water rat charal a lake fish taltuza gopher cola caudal fin or tail tapir tapir crustaceo, a crustaceous tasugo, tej6n badger desembocadura inlet tigresa tigress desovar to spawn

28 desove spawning season, spawning redaya river fishing net dorsal dorsal regajal, regajo stream, brooklet estanca to dam up with beavers remanso backwater estuario estuary, inlet represa to dam up as with fitoplancton phytoplankton beavers fondo del lecho streambed riacho, riachuelo rivulet, stream, rill f reza spawning of fishes ribera bank, shore garlito fish trap, snare do river hueva roe, fish eggs do abajo downstream ictiologfa ichthyology rio arriba upstream jaramugo small bait fish rivera brook, creek lago lake sabalar shad net laguna lagoon, small lake sabalo shad Hmite de tamaiio size limit salabardo dip net, scoop net lobina bass salamandra salamander nansa fish dip net salmon salmon ninf a nymph salobre brackish, briny opercular opercular sapo toad operculo operculum sedal fishing line papila papilla subacuatico, ca underwater, subaquatic pesca fishing, angling subalveo, a layer under a river bed pescado fish termico, ca thermic, thermal pescador fisherman tirona fishing net, seine pescados de caza game fish tramo f luvial reach (of stream) pescar to fish trucha trout pesquer!a fishing ground, fishery ventral ventral pesquer{a, pesca fishing trade ventrecha fish belly pez fish piscicultura fish culture Botanica piscifactor{a fish hatchery pisc!voro, ra piscivorous, fish-eating abedul birch plancton plankton abeto (Abies) fir rabion river rapids abeto blanco white fire

rana frog abeto de Douglas Douglas fir ranacuajo tadpole aorojo thorn, caltrop, thistle rana leopardo leopard frog agrostologfa agrostology ranero frog pond aguilena columbine rapidos river rapids aladierno (Rhamnus) buckthorn raudal torrent rapid stream alamo poplar rebalsar to dam up as with beavers alamo tembl6n aspen tree recial river rapids aleznado, da pointed red net, netting alga verde green algae redar to catch in a net alhumajo pine needles

29 alimonarse for leaves to turn botanico, ca botanical yellowish bractea bract aliso (Alnus) alder bracteado, da bracteate almorejo foxtail bracteola bractlet altamandria knotweed (Polygonum briofita bryophyte aviculare) bulbo bulb altarreina yarrow (Achillea bulboso, sa bulbous millefolium) cabillo stalk, stem amacollar cluster of shoots cacto, cactus cactus amarillar for leaves to turn yellow cadanego, ga bearing abundant fruit amelo aster every year

amen to ament calicillo verticil or whorl of androceo androecium leaves anea cattail, bulrush caliz calyx ant era anther camara subestomatica substomatal chamber antes is anthesis cambium cambium aquenio achene cambute legume arbol tree cana cane, reed arborescente arborescent caquexia or clorosis chlorosis arboreto arboretum carpelo carpel arbusto shrub carvajo oak tree arce maple caulescente caulescent

aristoso, sa, awned caul!fero, ra borne upon the stem aristado ceborrincha wild onion arracirnado, da clustered cedro cedar arrejonado, da lanceolate celula cell avena silvestre wild oat celula cavidad cell lumen axila axil celula oclusiva palisade cell, guard cell ballueca wild oat celular placa cell plate bay a berry cerezo cherry tree belcho joint fir, ephedra champinon mushroom bellota acorn cimoso, sa cymose bianual biennial cipres cypress

b:ifero, ra biferous clorof ila chlorophyll bifido, da bifid cofia root cap bionte biont coleoptilo coleoptile biota biota comprimido appressed b!paro, ra biparous con!fero, ra coniferous, conifer bipetalo bipetalous corteza cortex bipinado, da bipinnate dehiscente dehiscent bohordo cattail reed dendrocronologfa dendrochronology borlilla anther dendroideo, a arborescent botanica botany dep6sito de grava gravel bar

30 dermico dermal f resno ash (Fraxinus) dicotiledon dicotyledon f ronda frond, leaf dioico dioecious frondoso, sa leafy dipetalo, la dipetalous f ruta fruit disepalo, la disepalous fungal, fungoso fungal drupa drupe, stone fruit f ungo fungus ef edra ephedra (joint fir) geniculado, da geniculate empotrado embedded germinacion germination encino oak tree gimnospermo, ma gymnosperm endodermis endodermis girasol sunflower enebrina juniper berry globulo globule enebro juniper gram:lneo, nea gramineous entrenudo internode granifero, ra graniferous epifito epiphyte grasilla juniper resin epigino epigynous gromo bud, shoot espiga spike guia terminal terminal shoot espigado, da spicate helecho fern espiguilla spike let hembra female espina thorn, spine on plants herbario, ria herbarium espora spore heterofilo, la heterophyllous estaminado, da staminate hidrofilo, la hydrophilous est!pula stipule hidrofito, ta hydrophyt:f:c

es to logia ethology hipoginia hypogyny estolonifera creeper hojuela leaf let expulsado extruded hongo mushroom, toadstool, f anerof ita phanerophyte fungus fasciaci6n f asciation imbricado, da imbricate fenologia phenology indehiscencia indehiscence fibroso fibrous infero, ra inferior, lower ficologi'a phycology inf lorescencia inflorescence f isonom{a physiognomy involucro involucre fitologfa botany involuta involute fit6n phyton juncaceo juncaceous

f itoplancton phytoplankton junipero juniper f leo timothy lanceado, da lanceolate flor flower latifolio, a latifoliate flora flora legumbre legume f lorecer bloom, to blossom lema leIIUila f lorescencia florescence l{gula ligule fl6sculo floret liquen lichen f oliado foliose lobulado lobed foHculo follicle macolla bunch/cluster of roots or f ormaci6n formation flowers

31 maple maple perennifolia evergreen membrana membrane periantio perianth membrana primaria primary wall petalo leaf, petal mesocarpio mesocarp piiia pine cone, pine nut mesof ilo mesophyll pinabete fir (Abies) mesofito mesophyte pinado, da pinnate micelio mycelium pinadfido, da pinnatif id micologfa mycology pincho thorn, spine on plants microfito microphyte pineda, pinar pine grove or forest monocotiledon monocotyledon pino pine, pine tree monoico monoecious pinocha pine needle

muerdago mistletoe piiion pinon nut multicaule having many shoots pistilado, da pistillate muldfido, da multif id pistilo pistil multiflor multiflora plant a plant musco, musgo moss plantas, plantaje plants (collectively) nanacate mushroom plantas silvestres wild plants navajitas grama grass plasmodesmos plasmodesmata nebral, nebreda juniper grove pleguete vine tendril nebrina juniper berry pluma feather nebro juniper tree or shrub polen pollen negrillera elm grove, poplar grove pterid6fito pteridophyte

nervio nerve, vein pubescente pubescent, hairy noceda, nogueral walnut grove puntiagudo pointed nocedal walnut tree, walnut tree, rabo flower stalk walnut racimo raceme nodule nodule radiado, da radiate no gal pecan tree, pecan nut radicula radicle nopal prickly pear growth or raigambre matted roots thicket ra:fz root nuez nut, of any tree rafz pivotante taproot obovado, da obovate ramilla sprig, twig olmeda elm grove ramillete cluster, umbel

olmo (Ulmus) elm raquis rachis panicula panic le recortado, da notched, indented paniculado, da paniculate reliquia relic parron wild grapevine resina juniper resin peciolo petiole reticulado, da reticulate pedicelado, da pedicellatt retono shoot, sprout, sucker pedicelo pedicel rizoma rhizome ped{culo pedicle robinia (Robinia) locust pedtfnculo peduncle rob le oak pencudo, da having fleshy leaves robleda oak grove or forest

32 rusticano, na wild plants umbela umbel sabuco elder unicaule having only one stalk sacere maple tree unfparo, ra uniparous saciiia willow (Salix incana) vaina pod salceda, do willow grove vastago, vastiga shoot, scion salguera, ro willow vegetaci6n vegetation salicaceo salicaceous velloso, sa billous sauce willow vena vein sauco elder tree, elderberry vernacion vernation sauce lloron weeping willow verticilo verticil sauceda willow grove vesicula vesicule savia plant sap vina vine saxicolo saxicolous, growing among xerofilo, la xerophilous rocks xerofito, ta xerophytic, xerophyte semiflosculo semif loret xilema xylem semilla seed yema bud sepalo sepal yema adventicia adventitious bud septo septum yema terminal terminal bud s~sil sessile zarcillo tendril seta mushroom sicomoro sycamore siempre verde evergreen Forestales simpetalo, la sympetalous a rnano hand (work by) tallo flora flower stalk abeto de Douglas Douglas-fir ta lo thallus abono quimico fertilizer (chemical) talofita thallophyte acebolladura rings hake tamarisco, tamariz tamarix acidez acidity tarajal small cedar patch aclarear to thin taraje salt cedar aclareo intermediate cut, thinning taxaceo, a taxaceous aclareo de la parte thinning from below temblon trembling poplar, aspen inferior tetrandro, a tetrandrous aclareo, metodo de thinning method tetrapetalo, la tetrapetalous aclareo por lo alto thinning from above tomentoso, sa tomentose aclareo selectiva selection thinning trebol clover, trefoil ac.re, superficie acreage tr{fido, da trifid medida en trifoliado, da trifoliate a erogenous producido en el apice tuberculo tuber, tubercle afido aphid tuberosa, sa tuberose, tuberous afilar sharpen tuna prickly pear fruit agalla gall tun al prickly pear plant or agricultura agronom:Ca agriculture agronomy thicket agronom:!a agronomy tunera prickly pear plant aguja pine needle

33 aislamiento insolation barra de hendir planting bar albura sapwood barrenador borer almaciga, cama de seedbed bej UCO vine siembra belleza del paisaje scenic beauty almacigas, enfermedad damping-off bolsa bag de las bosque forest alogamia cross-pollinate bosque de entresaca selection forest altura height bosque parque park-like forest ambiental environmental brinzal seedling ambiente environment bro ta, brote shoot/sprout anillar to girdle trees brujula compass

anillo annual annual ring cable cable a pear fell cadena chain apice top caducifolia deciduous apilamiento pile calidad del sitio site quality aprovechamiento utilization calvero open space in forest aprovechamiento de land use cama de siembra seedbed tierras almaciga aprovechar exploit cambium cambium aprovecho multiple multiple use caminata de muestreo cruise-line arado de discos disk plow camino acceso access road arar to plow caminos, red de road system

arbol tree campamento camp arbol de navidad Christmas tree campo field arbol ornamental ornamental (tree) cancrosis canker arbol promedio average tree cantidad amount arbol semil lero seed tree carbon charcoal arbol tipo sample tree carboner a charcoal kiln arborea relating to tree carcava gully arboreto arboretum cargar to load arboricultor nurseryman cecidia gall-midge, nutgall area area celula cell area basal basal area celulosa cellulose

a reno so sandy cenizas ashes arrastrar skid (logs) censo inventory asseradero sawmill cepa stump aserrar to saw cercar fence (to) aserr{n sawdust cerco fence astilladora chipper chapa de madera veneer atacar to inf est/to attack ciclo de corta cutting cycle azar random cienaga meadow (wet) azulado de madera bluestain cincel chisel banda strip, belt cinta de medici6n tape (measuring)

34 cinta diametrica diameter tape cosechar to harvest clase de edad age class costero slab clase diametrica diameter class crecimiento growth clasif icacion crown-class cromosoma chromosome arborea cuadrilla de campo field party clasificar to grade cuadro table (of figures) clima climate cubicaci6n de arboles scaling felled clon clone apeados trees clorofila chlorophyll cubicaci6n en pie volume determination of clorosis chlorosis standing trees cobertura de follaje canopy cuenca watershed area codominante codominant cuenca hidrograf ica watershed coef iciente morf ico form factor cuerda cord coetaneo even-aged cues ta slope colchon aplicar un to mulch cuidado cultural stand improvement colchon de materia mulch cultivar to grow, to cultivate organica cuna wedge comb ate control (pests) curva de nivel contour line combate, metodo de control measure dai'io damage comejen termite dasometr:1a forest mensuration computadora computer dasonomia forestry conifera coniferous cone (pine) datos data cono cone (pine) debastadora de-barker constituci6n normal normal forest def ectuoso defective contenido de humedad moisture content dendr6metro dendrometer contrafuego backfire densidad density control de incendios fire control deposito de madera log deck copa crown of tree desarollo development coraz6n heartwood desarraigar lift (seedlings) corola corolla desbrozadora brush-cutter corta felling/cut descortezador barkbeetle corta, ciclo de cutting cycle descortezadora debarker corta de generaci6n regeneration cut descortezamiento bark peeling corta de salvamiento salvage cutting descortezar peel (to) corta diseminatoria seed tree cutting des echo litter (refuse) corta de entresaca selective cut desechos de la slash corta preparatoria preparatory cutting corta corta total clearcutting deshierbe weeding cortaf uego fireline deshojar defoliate cortar cut (to fell) desmontar to deforest cortas sucesivas shelterwood system desperdicio waste corte anual annual cut des pun tar to top corteza bark desramar lop (to) corto plazo short term desviaci6n estandar standard deviation

35 diametro diameter estratif icacion stratification diametro al altura d.b.h. estrato inferior understory del pecho estrato superior overstory diametro superior top diameter eucalipto eucalyptus dique dike explotaci6n f orestal logging (harvest) disetaneo uneven-aged exp lo tar exploit distribuci6n de sample distribution exterminar to eradicate muestra extracci6n skidding distrito district extraer skid (logs) divisora de aguas watershed (boundary) faja strip, belt dominante dominant fango silt dosel, espesura del crown-closure fenotipo phenotype duramen heartwood f ertilizante fertilizer durmiente de railroad tie fibra fiber ferrocarril fila row ecologfa ecology f inanciamiento financing econom{a economics fisiol6gica physiologic edad age f loema phloem edad, clase de age-class f orcicula caliper ef ecto effect f orestacion afforestation enf ermedad disease f orestal related to forestry enfermedad de las damping-off formula formula almacigas fotografia aerea aerial photo entresaca thinning franja cortafuega firebreak entresacar to thin f recuencia frequency envenenar to poison frondosa broad-leaved erradicar eradicate fuego fire error de muestreo sampling error fueste muerto snag (dead tree) es ca la scale (of map) fuste stem (bole) escarabajo beetle generaci6n generation escol:ftido bark beetle genotipo genotype esciafila shade tolerant germinaci6n germination especie species germinaci6n dormant (seed) especie, exotica exotic species retardada espesura del dosel crown-closure grano de la madera grain (of wood) estacar to make cuttings grua loader (j ammer) es tac ion season (of year) grumo clod estad:f.stica inventory granizo hail estadistica f orestal forest inventory guarda f orestal forest guard estaquillado cutting gufa terminal leader (growth) estereoscopio stereoscope ha cha axe estigma stigma helada frost estimaci6n estimation helecho fern

36 hendidura en el hearts hake labranza soil cultivation duramen larva larva herbicida herbicide lefia cordwood herida injury lignina lignin hereditario hereditary lfmite boundary h:lbrido hybrid limpia cleaning ( s ilv. ) hidrologfa hydrology liter a litter (ground) hijuelo sprout/shoot longitud length hilera row macizo, masa stand (of trees) hipsometro hypsometer madera wood/timber hipsometro de sierra saw blade madera aserrada lumber hojarasca litter (leaves) madera blanda softwood hongo fungus (de con.lfera) horticultura horticulture madera contrachapeada plywood humedo moist madera de desenrollo peeler (log) importe amount madera de pulpa pulpwood incendio de copas crown fire madera dura (de hardwood incendio f orestal forest fire especie f rondosas) incendio superficial ground fire madera en pie standing timber, growing incision de corta undercut stock increment a increment madera en rollo round wood increment a media mean annual increment madera para aserrar sawtimber anual maderable mature stand infestar inf est (to) madurez maturity infestaci6n infestation maduro mature ingeniero del district officer malezas weeds (brush) distrito manejo forestal forest management ingeniero jefe del district ranger mantilla duff distrito mantilla acido, humus injertar to graft humus insecticida insecticide map a map insecto insect marcar blaze (on a tree) intensidad de sampling intensity mas a volume (of a stand) muestreo matarrasa clearcut intervalo interval matarrasa en fajas clearcut strips intolerante intolerant alternadas inundar flood (to) matarrasa por grupos clearcut patches inventario inventory material defectuosa cull (material) inventario de bosques forest inventory matorral scrub (growth) investigacion research media mean investigacion forest research medicion de volumen scale (timber) forestal medida measure invierno winter medida tabla board measure

37 medula pith ordenacion por volume regulation rnej oramiento improvement (forest) volumen mensuracion mensuration oruga caterpillar metodo de combate control measure otoiio autumn micorriza micorrhiza paisaje landscape micosis fungal disease pala de hendir planting-bar microclima mic roe lirna te pantano marsh mo ho mold parasitario parasitic moj6n survey monument parasito monoico monoecious parcela plot monte forest parcela de prueba sample plot

monte bajo coppice parenquirna parenchyma monte bravo saplings (thicket) pasta de madera wood pulp monte campesino farm woodlot pendiente slope monte coetaneo even-aged forest perdigal pole stage rnonte disetaneo uneven-aged forest perfodo de working plan period morfolog:1a morphology aprovechamiento motosierra chainsaw perfodo de corta cutting period muebles furniture perfodo de repose, dormancy muerdago mistletoe, dwarf-mistletoe dormancia muestra sample peso weight rnuestreo sampling pesticida pesticide muestreo stratified sample pie-tabla boardfoot estratificado piiia cone (pine), multiplicacion vegetative reproduction pine cone agamica pinar pine forest multiplicacion sexual reproduction pino pine (Pinus) sexual plaga pest mus go moss plan de manejo management plan nivel level (instrument) planeamiento planning nivel, curva de contour line plano map nu do knot plano general base map nudoso knotty plant a plant nuez nut planta leiiosa woody plant objective de manejo management objective plantaci6n plantation oquedal high forest plantadora planting machine ordenacic5n del regulation of cut plantar to plant aprovechamiento plantar con terr6n ball planting ordenacic5n forestal forest regulation plant ones planting stock ordenacion por area regulation plantula seedling area platabanda nursery bed ordenaci6n management unit pod a pruning secci6n de poda de raices root pruning

38 podar to prune ref orestacion reforestation podredumb re rot regar to water (irrigate) polilla moth regeneracion regeneration polinizar to pollinate regeneracion artif ical regeneration polf tica f orestal forest policy artificial pol6n stump sprout regeneracion natural natural regeneration poluci6n de! agua pollution (water) regla de Biltmore Biltmore stock poluci6n de! ambiente pollution (air) re lamp ago lightning por ciento percent relascopio relascope porcentaje percentage rendimiento yield posibilidad de corta allowable cut rendimiento anual annual yield poste pole rendimiento de lumber yield practica cultural cultural practice aserrar pradera meadow rendimiento sostenido sustained yield presupuesto budget renuevo shoot, sprout primavera spring (season) repicados transplants prism prisma repoblado seedling stage procedencia provenance residuos de la corta slash producido en el acrogenous resina resin apice rociar to spray producto secundario by-product rollizo/rollo bole/bolt (of timber) promedio mean rotaci6n rotation proporcion de la crown ratio roya rust (disease) cop a roya vesicular (Cronartium) prueba, parcela de sample plot roza a f uego broadcast burn pruebas, tomar to sample rozar to clear land pua para injertar scion sabana savannah pudricion de! corazon center rot savia sap pulpa de madera wood pulp secadero dry-kiln quemar burn secar to dry/season raices capilares hair roots secado al aire air dry rajar to split seguridad safety ralear to thin out seleccion selection

rasa, raso clearcut area sembradora seed drill rascar to blaze, to mark sembrar to plant rastra harrow sembrar a voleo broadcast seeding rastrear to harrow semilla seed rayo lightning sernilla de primera selected seed recreo recreation categoda recursos resources semillon seedling recurso natural natural resource seiialar arboles to mark trees red de caminos road system serie de corta felling-series redecilla reticulum of a ruminant serraduras sawdust

39 siembra seeding tipo de vegetacion vegetation type siembra en hileras drilling (seed) tipo del sue lo soil type siempre verde evergreen tizon blight sierra saw toc6n stump sierra cinta band saw torcida spiral (grain) sierra circula circular saw torre de vigilancia lookout tower sierra trozadora chainsaw trabaj o de campo field work de cadena tractor tractor silvicultural silvicultural tractor oruga drawler tractor silvicultura silviculture tramo cutting block sistema system trasplantar transplant sistema silvicultural silvicultural system tratamiento cultural stand improvement sitio, calidad del site quality trementina turpentine sobremaduro overmature triplex plywood sombra shade troceadora chipper suelo forestal forest soil tronco stem/bole superf icie area trozador crosscut saw suprimido overtopped, suppressed tronzar to buck surco furrow trozo de madera, log tabla table (of figures) leiio tabla/tablon/cuadro board, table turba bog peat tabla de volumen volume table umbrof ila shade tolerant tabla de rendimiento yield table unidad de area unit (of area) tablero de particulas chipboard, unidad de manejo unit (management) particle-board unidad del unit (organization) taladro increment borer organizacion talar cut (to fell) utilizaci6n utilization talarasa clearcut valor corriente market value talarasa con seed-tree method valor de madera stumpage (value) portagranos en pie tallar simple coppice vegetacion vegetation tasa de interes interest rate vender en pie to sell stumpage tasaci6n appraisal vereda trail (path) tejamanil shake (heartshake) verruga burl tejido cicatrizal callus verticilo whorl (of branches) temperatura temperature v{a de extraccion skid trail tenazas tongs viga beam termita termite vigor vigor terreno baldfo wasteland viiia vine terreno f orestal forest land viruta chip terreno llano level (ground) virutilla excelsior terreno productor productive forest land vivero nursery, nursery bed tiempo weather volumen volume tipo de interes rate of interest volumen en pie standing volume

40 volumen normal normal growing stock brecha breccia vuelco por las wind throw cabeza peak, high hill vientos ca la soil pit xilema xylem calcareo calcareous zona anual de annual cut calcico calcic crecimiento caliche alkali cambico cambic Suelos cantalinoso, sa stony, rocky ground capa arable top soil abanico aluvial alluvial fan capa dura, tosca hardpan acidez acidity capa impermeable impermeable layer acido acid carga de raja cleavage acuico aquic carga solida bed load adoguina desert pavement catena catena agregado aggregate, soil colluvi6n colluvium alcali alkali coloide del suelo soil colloid a lea lino alkaline concrecion concretion alofana allophane cono de deyeccion alluvial fan aluvial, aluvional alluvial consistencia del soil consistence aluvion alluvium sue lo aluvionamiento accretion costra soil crust alveo streambed, riverbed cuenca hidrograf ica drainage basin analisis mecanico mechanical analysis deposito de grava gravel bar antropico anthropic derrumpe landslide a pedal a pedal desgastar to erode arcilla argillic clay deslizamiento de soil creep arcillar to loam sue lo arcillo arenoso sancy clay deslizamiento soil, degraded arcilloso, sa clayey, argillic deslavado arena sand deslizamiento eluvial soil, eluvial arena francosa, loamy sand deslizamiento, soil, depth f ranca profundidad del a renal sandy ground or place sue lo argila, argilla argillic, clay desprendimiento de bank erosion argiloso, sa clayey, argillic ribero aterramiento aggradation, siltation duna sand dune autoclave autoclave durnudo durinode azonal azonal, soil durstrato, duro duripan classification edafico, ca edaphic baldio, tierras de badlands edafologfa edaphology barniz del desierto desert varnish edaf ologo edaphologist barro clay mud, silt eluviacion eluviation barroso, sa clayey embancamiento accretion

41 enc a la do liming, soil lixiviacion leaching eolico eolian loess loess ercilla loam medano sand dune erosion erosion mesico me sic erosion acelerada accelerated erosion microrelieve microrelief erosion de carcavas gully erosion molico mollic erosion laminar sheet erosion ocrico ochric erosion por regueros rill erosion oxico oxic erosion superficial splash erosion paralitico paralithic escorrentia, runoff podolog:!a pedology escurrimiento pedologo pedologist espodico spadic pedon pedon estribo abutment pedregal, pedroche stony ground fase phase pedregoso, sa stony f loculaci6n flocculation pedrej6n boulder forma terrestre landf orm pedrera de erosion erosion pavement f ranco arcillo sandy clay loam pena rock, boulder arenosa peniplanicie peneplain f ranco arcillo silty clay loam percolarse percolate limoso perfil del suelo soil profile franco areilloso clay loam pergelico pergelic f ranco limoso silt loam placas, en platy friable friable podzol podzol f ronton pendiente pediment porosidad edaf ica soil porosity granuloso granular pozo agrologico soil pit (study) gr av a gravel, coarse sand profundidad de suelo soil depth greda clay, loam regolita regloith gredal clayey, loamy riachuelo rills guijarral cobbly land roca rock guijarro cobble rocalia pebbles, stones guij oso, sa gravelly, stony sabulo coarse heavy sand histico his tic sacamuestras sampler horizonte edaf ico soil horizon salico salic humedad del suelo soil moisture sobrecarga de suelo overburden iluviacion illuviation sonda de tierra soil auger iluvial illuvial substrate duro duripan investigacion de soil survey sub sue lo subsoil suelos sue lo soil, earth lecho de roca bedrock suelo acido acid soil liego, ga virgin soil suelo alcalino alkaline soil limo silt suelo calizo calcareous soil Htico lithic suelo castaiios chestnut soil litosecuencia lithosequence suelo climax normal soil

42 sue lo coluvial colluvial soil aguardadero, aguardo hunter's blind sue lo deslavado degraded soil aguila eagle sue lo eluvial eluvial soil aguilera eagle's nest sue lo eolico aeolian soil a lanes species of large deer sue lo esqueletico skeletal soil alavanco wild duck sue lo f ranco loam soil alee elk, moose sue lo franco clay loam soil alero buck, immature arcilloso alicante viper sue lo humifero muck soil alimaiia predator sut::lo inmaturo immature soil alimanero predator control sue lo rnaduro mature soil specialist suelo, manto de soil mantle alirnenticio food value sue lo mineral mineral soil alimentacion nourishment sue lo neutro neutral soil alpinismo mountain climbing sue lo organico organic soil alzapie snare sue lo salino saline soil amaitinar to stalk sue lo sedentario residual, primary soil anadeja, anadino, na duckling suelo vegetal top soil anaer6bico anaerobic suelos, series de soil series aiiagaza decoy/lure termico thermic anatom:fa anatomy terreno abarrancado badland, clay loam anfibio amphibian terron ped, earth clod anidar to nest textura del suelo soil texture anillo annulus tierra dirt, soil anta elk tierra f ranca loam soil aovar to lay eggs tierras de bald!o badlands apitonar to break out of egg tierra plan backfill, fill shell using the bird's tipo del suelo soil type beak tosca, arcillosa clay pan area superpoblada concentration area tosca, capadura hard pan artropodo, da arthropod turba peat asaeteador archer, bowman udico udic as ta antler us ti co us tic astado horned, with horns xerico xeric at6xico non-poisonous atrapar to trap Fauna Silvestre autopsia autopsy ave acuatica waterfowl abiotico abiotic ave cantora songbird abomaso abomasum ave de caza game bird abaz6n cheek pouch ave de presa bird of prey acc{pitre accipiter aves insectidarias insectivorous birds actividad activity aves migratorias migratory birds acuatico aquatic avispa wasp

43 balido bleating sound of deer, cazadero hunting ground sheep, goats cazador, ra hunter bandada covey of birds cazador de alforja trapper barba beard cazador de cabezas head hunter bifurcado, da bifurcate cazador furtivo poacher biologico, ca biological cazar to hunt bi6logo biologist cebo bait biometria biometry celo heat (female in season) bioquira rattlesnake censo de caza game census b:ipedo, da biped cerceta fawns first growth of bisulco, ca cloven hoofed antlers bovido bovid cervato fawn bovino, na bovine cervidos cervidae brama mating season of animals cetrer:fa falconry/hawking (rut) chifle bird call bramadero rutting or mating place chilli do decoy call .. caceria hunt, hunting c:fclico cyclic cachillada litter of animals ciclo cycle cadaiiera giving birth annually ciclo vital life cycle cagarruta deer, rabbits or sheep cisipedo digitate fecal pellets cobij o game cover camada litter, brood of animals coef iciente de digestion coefficient canido can id digestibilidad canino canine coho rte cohort cantidad permitlble bag limit cola tail of an animal capacidad de caza kill ratio colmillo canine tooth capacidad de carga carrying capacity comportamiento behavior cinegetica connatural innate, inherent capr:!pedo, da split-hoofed, like goats connaturalizacion acclimatization, carnada bait adaptation carnicol toe of cloven-footed conservar to conserve animal control biologica biological control carnfvoro, ra carnivorous coto de caza game preserve cascabel, serpiente rattlesnake cria brood of chicks de criadero breeding place cascudo, da big-hoofed animal crotalo rattlesnake caudimano having a prehensile cuadrupedo quadruped tail cuerno horn of animals cavern:!cola cave dwelling cuero skin, hide caza to hunt culebra small snake caza mayor big game culebr6n large snake caza menor small game densidad density caza menor deportiva upland game depredaci6n depredation cazar to hunt descogotar to cut off the antlers

44 descubridero lookout post exployada display with outstretched desemplumar to pluck feathers off wings (birds) desencarnar to debone meat extincion extinction desentraiiar to disembowel ext inc to extinct deserci6n desertion falconidos falcons, eagles, birds of desmogar to shed horns prey desmogue shedding of horns f ardacho lizard destripar to eviscerate fauna fauna diente tooth, tusk, fang f ecundidad fecundity dieta diet f ecundizar to impregnate, digestibilidad digestibility inseminate

digitado digitate fenot!pico, ca phenotypic dispersion dispersion fenotipo phenotype

-:.. distribucion distribution feral feral diversidad diversity f ertilizacion fertilization docil docile fetal fetal echadura de pollos brood of chicks feto fetus ectoparasito ectoparasite f iera wild animal or beast embrion embryo f ilogenia phylogeny encenagarse to wallow gallinaceo gallinaceous encodillarse to hide in an inaccessible gallo cock, rooster portion of a burrow gamezno small or young deer

encogollarse to tree gamitar to sound a deer call (as endogamia inbreeding with a deer call) enjundia animal fat gamitido call of deer (bleet) entranas entrails garra claw, talon

entremezcladura interspersion gata, 0 cat equilibrio equilibrium genotipo genotype equino equine gestaci6n gestation escape escape, flight gorrin piglet, suckling pig escodadero place where bulls, bucks, graznar to cackle, caw, croak rub the velvet graznido caw, cackle, croak from their antlers gregario, a gregarious

escondedero hiding place guacharo, ra, fledgling especial is ta specialist guacharro, ra especie species guajolote wild turkey especie indicador indicator species guardabosque game warden, ranger especimen specimen guarida den, lair esplique bird snare guarnigon young quail estetico aesthetics gui6n the leading bird of a estimacion de range reconnaissance migratory flock, or pastizales leading dog in a pack ex6tico exotic habitaci6n, habitat habitat

45 halconer:!a falconry, hawking monter:fa big game hunting hemacrimo cold-blooded montero hunter hematt:rmo warm-blooded mortalidad mortality hembra female movilidad mobility herb:lvoro herbivorous, herbivore mu ta pack of dogs heterogeneidad hetererogeneity mutualismo mutual ism hibernacion hibernation mutualista mutualist h:Cbrido, da hybrid natal natal homeotermo, ma homeothermal natalidad natality huella animal track native, va native, indigenous huevo egg natural natural hurera, huronera, hole, burrow neutralismo neutralism husero straight antler of a deer neutralista neutralist huta hunters blind, hut nidada brood nest of eggs or ijada flank of an animal newly hatched birds incubaci6n incubation nidal nesting place, box incubar to incubate nidif icar to nest inmaturo, ra immature nido nest inseminar to impregnate, inseminate niego newborn falcon innato, ta innate nutricion nutrition interacci6n interaction observador de pajaros bird watcher inventario inventory omn1voro,.. ra omnivorous, omnivore invertebrado, da invertebrate ornitologia ornithology jab ado, da mottled orzuelo bird snare, or animal lactancia lactation trap lagartija lizard osera bear's den, lair lagartija cornudo horned lizard oveja female sheep lep6ride leporid ov{paro oviparous ley de caza game law pajara, ro bird licencia license pajarear to hunt birds longevidad longevity pajarera aviary macho male palmeado palmate madriguera hole, burrow palm!pedo web footed mamario, ria mammary paludoso, sa, swampy, boggy mamif ero mammalian, mammal pantanoso manada herd, flock pantano swamp, bog marsupial marsupial panza stomach medidas en bruto strip count paradislero hunter lying in wait metabolico metabolic paranza hunter,s blind, hut migracibn migration paras:Ctico, ca parasitic mimetismo mimicry parasitismo parasitism mogote budding antler parasite, ta parasite monogamia monogamy parvada flock of birds

46 pastizal tipo key area raposera fox hole, burrow, den pat a paw, foot rap aces rapt ors patihendido, da cloven-hoofed raspa beard pa to duck ratonera nest of mice pat on big-footed rebano flock pava, pavo turkey recepto shelter, refuge pavada flock of turkeys reclamar to decoy, lure/call with pechuga breast of a fowl decoy whistle pelaje peleage, hair reclamo bird decoy, decoy whistle pelechar to grow a new coat of or call hair, feathers reclutamiento recruitment

pelicano, na gray-haired recreacion recreation pelicorto, ta short-haired recursos naturales natural resources pelo hair, fur redecilla reticulum of a ruminant pellejo skin, hide refugio refuge perdigana, perdig6n young partridge refugio de caza game refuge perdiz partridge, ptarmigan reglamentacion de caza game management peregrino, na migratory (birds) caza periodico, ca periodic remoto, ta remote pesticida pesticide repoblar to repopulate pesuiia, pezuna hoof (cloven-hoofed reptil reptile animal) reserva primitiva primitive·area

pico bill, beak of bird resguardo natural escape cover pis ta track, trail of an animal respiraci6n respiration piton budding horn of goat, restauracion restoration deer revolcadero wallowing place of animals plaga climactic zone ritmo rhythm plumaje plumage ronca rut, rutting season plumon bird down roncar to call the doe (as a buck plumoso, sa feathery, downy in rut) poblacion population rostro rostrum polla pullet rumen rumen pollada covey, brood rumia, rumiadura rumination ponzona poison, venom rumiante ruminant predator predator ru'tina routine, habit prenada pregnant saco aereo air sac, cell prensil prehensile saco vitelino yolk sac quiste cyst salvaje wild, untamed rabican, no white-tailed salvajina, no game meat rabico rabid sec rec ion secretion rabo tail senuelo decoy, lure radio radius silbo hiss, hissing raleon, na bird of prey simbiosis symbiosis

47 simbiotico symbiotic acubilar to gather cattle solitario solitary acui aguic tectriz covert adaptaci6n adaptation tejonera badger burrow agronom!a agronomy telemetr:fa telemetry alambre de puas barbed wire temporada abierta open season albuhera, amanal pond, stock tank temporada cerrada closed season almarjal marshland, swamp tendencia trend alpestre, alpino, na alpine terrestre terrestrial alveo streambed terr:fcola earth dwelling ambiental environmental territorial territorial ambiente environment

tor ca cave, cavern amn{cola riparian, terrestrial trampa trap, snare amplitud amplitude trampero, ra trapper analisis analysis triangulacion triangulation analisis cualitativo qualitative analysis tullidura bird of prey scats, analisis cuantitativo quantitative analysis droppings anal!tico, ca analytic, analytical ungulado ungulate anojal fallow land vampire vampire anojo yearling calf or lamb venado deer arbustivo, va shrub-like venado, carne de venison apacentadero pasture, grazing area veneno venom apacentar to graze vereda path, trail aparceria sharecropping verriondez estrus of swine and sheep aprovechamiento use, utilization verriondo, da rutting in swine or sheep arboleda orchard vertebrado vertebrate arboledo woodland vfbora viper arbusto shrub vibora de cascabel rattlesnake arcabuco dense woodland or brush viv:iparo viviparous thicket volateo to shoot birds on the wing arcabucoso densely wooded vuelo escape, flight area basal basal area zanca long leg of bird area de exclusion enclosure zarpa paw of large felines arido arid

zona climatica climatic zone arredillar to pen or corral zona selvatica wilderness area arroyar to form gullies zorrera fox hole arroyo ephemeral watercourse zurear to coo (doves) arroyuelo brooklet zureo cooing (doves) artico, ca arctic aspecto aspect Pastizalet; asocies associes asociacion de plant association, abundancia abundance plant as community acrecentador increaser atmosf era atmosphere

48 autecolog:!a autecology caballada horse herd auto f ertilizacion self-fertilization cabal lo horse autogamia auto gamy cabezo high hill, peak autopolinizaci6n self-pollination cabra female goat avaluar assess cabrito, ta young goat badina small shallow pond caducifolia deciduous barbechada plowing of calverizo, za or with many open areas in barbechar to plow calvero the woods or forest becerra female yearling calf campina countryside becerro yearling bull calf campo field (the field) bioma biome canada gulch, ravine, big gulley biomasa biomass capa freatica groundwater biota biota capacidad de pastoreo grazing capacity biotico, ca biotic carnerada flock of sheep biotico, potencial biotic potential carnero sheep, ram biotipo biotype carvajal oak grove or wood bioclimatolog:fa bioclimatology catadura sampling biogeno, na biogenic cebada barley biogeograf :!a biogeography cercado, cercamiento enclosure boalaje pasture (area) for cattle cesped sod bode male goat chamicera area of burnt woodland

bodon, estanque ephemeral pond that dries chamizo half-burnt tree or log in summer chamuscar to singe, sear, scorch boniga cattle dung cienaga marsh borregada flock of yearling sheep clase de altura height class borrego, ga yearling lamb, ewe clase de cobertura canopy class (foliage) borreguero, pastor shepard de follaje borrica female donkey clase de condicion condition class borusca dry, fallen leaves or del agostadero brushwood clase diametrica diameter class boscaje thicket clase de edad age class boscoso densely wooded clase vitamorf ol6gica life-form class

bosque woods, forest, woodland clasif icacion classification bosta horse, cow dung clasif icacion de range classification bovino bovine pastizales brote sprout, bud, shoot clima climate brotadura budding, sprouting climatico, ca climatic bro tar to sprout, bud cl!max climax broza litter, (leaves, branches) coaccion coaction brozoso, sa brushy with undergrowth cobertura vegetante vegetative cover burra female ass cobertura cerrada closed canopy burrada herd of donkeys, asses cobertura de canopy (herbaceous) burro donkey, ass follaje

49 cobertura del cover, range plant dioicas dioecious pastizal dique de check dam cobertura del ground cover consolidacion subsuelo dispersion dispersal coef icientt: de proper use factor dominante dominant aprovechamiento ecolog:f.a ecology coho rte cohort ecologico ecologic, ecological colladia range of small hills ecologo, ga ecologist collado mountain pass or small ecotipo ecotype hill ecotono ecotone competici~n competition edafico edaphic comunidad community efectos del fuego fire effects comunidad climax climax community embrosquilar to gather cattle into a condicion del range condition fold pastizal empotrerar to put cattle out to graze consocio~ consociation encender to ignite, set afire consocies consocies encerradero pen, sty or corral constancia constancy encorralar to corral cattle consumidor, ra consumer endemtco endemic continua continuum enebral patch or thicket of cosecha de forraje forage crop juniper trees crianza breed enraizar to grow roots cuadrato quad rat entallecer to grow shoots, sprout cu en ca watershed entrecriarse to grow among other plants cues ta summit equilibria equilibrium cuesta, pendiente slope, gradient erosion erosion curso superior headwaters escabroso rugged, rough terrain deciduo deciduous especie species defecar to defecate especimen specimen defoliacion defoliation estancado stagnant de foliar to defoliate estanque pool, pond, reservoir densidad density esteril barren densidad de masa stand density estiercol manure densit6metro densitometer estrato stratum denso, sa dense estrato inferior understory derecho de pastoreo grazing right eutrof ico eutrophic desarraigar, to pull up by the roots exposici6n exposure desenraizar faciacion faciation desembocadura mouth of river f acies facies desenraizar plant uprooting fachinal marshland, marsh desierto desert, wasteland fenolog:fa phenology desmonte felling or clearing of f idelidad fidelity trees f inquero farm owner

50 fisonomfa physiognomy herbazal paddock, grassland f!stula fistula herbicida herbicide f itogeograf !a phytogeography herb!voro herbivore, herbivorous fitosociolog!a phytosociology hidrof ito hydrophytic follaje foliage hidrolog:!a hydrology f oresta forest, wood, grove hidrometr:fa water current gauging f orestacion forestation hidrosere hydrosere forest al related to forests or hiemaci6n winter blooming f orestero forester, forest keeper hierba forb, weed forestry hierba de cesped sod grass forma biologica life-form hojarasca litter f orma de pastar grazing habit homogeneo, a homogenous forraje forage horizonte horizon forrajear to forage humedad humidity fotos!ntesis photosynthesis humus humus fragoso, escabroso rugged, rough terrain incendio fire frecuencia frequency incendio de bosques forest fire f resquedal area that remains green incendio del pastizal range fire during dry season inclinacion de la inclination, slope f uego fire pendiente fuente, manantial spring (water) :!ndice index ganader!a cattle ranching or inventario inventory breeding invernadero wintering place ganado cattle investigacion investigation ganado caballar horses irrigaci6n irrigation ganado caprino goats is la island garma steep slope, ravine isotermo, isotermico isothermal gradiente gradient jardfo botanico botanical garden gramin!voro grass-eating jehuite weeds granja grange, farm jerarqu!a hierarchy granjer!a farming lamedero salt lick granjero, ra farmer la tame mulch, compost habitat habitat lecho de inundaci6n floodplain halof ilo halophytic linio, hilera row of tree, plants halof ita halophyte llano prairie, plain haza tract of arable land lodoso muddy, boggy hazuella small tract of land loma hill hemisf erio hemisphere lote de pastos range or grazing allotment heno hay macho cabrio male goat herbaceo herbaceous maleza weed (noxious) herbajar to put cattle out to graze malsano, na noxious, harmful herbaje herbage manada herd of cattle herbario botanist, herbarium manantial spring (water)

51 manejo de cuencas watershed management parcela de ensayo study plot manejo de fauna wildlife rr~nagement parcela experimental experimental plot silvestre parcela de muestra transect plot mas a stand of trees paricion parturition time of cattle materia organica organic matter paridera parturition place of materia seca dry matter cattle medano sand dune, dune parir to give birth mejoramiento range improvement parque a park mensuracion mensuration paso de ganado stock driveway mesofito mesophyte pastadero pasture land me to do method pastadero libre open range metodologfa methodology pastadero permanente yearlong range microclima microclimate pastizal pasture, pasture land monoica monoecious pas to hay, fodder, grass feed montaiia mountain pastorear to graze Montaftas Rocosas Rocky Mountains pastoreo diferido deferred grazing montaiioso, sa mountainous pastoreo en rotaci6n rotation grazing monte woodland pastoreo excesivo overgrazing mont:!culo knoll, mound (small) pastoreo limitado conservative grazing montuosidad ruggedness, wilderness pastoreo premature premature grazing mosaico mosaic pastoreo selective selective grazing muestra sample pastura pasture, fodder nativo native, indigenous patullar, pisotear to trample naturaleza nature peiiascal rocky terrain natural natural peiiasco steep rugged rock, crag nicho niche pendiente slope, gradient nocible, nociva noxious, harmful perf il prof He novilla heifer periodico, ca periodic novillada drove of young cattle per!odo de pastoreo grazing period novillo young buck per!odo vegetativo growing season nutricion nutrition picacho sharp peak or summit nutriente nutrient pie-acre acre-foot oligotrofico oligotrophic piedra rock, stone onda, ala wave on water planta indicadora indicator plant ordenaci6n de montes forest management plantar to plant ordenaci6n de la livestock management plantario, cama de seedbed, plant nursery ganaderia siembra ordenacion de pastos range management plasticidad plasticity orqueta tree fork pluvi6metro rain gage otero hill, knoll, butte poblacion population oveja ewe podar to prune/trim a tree ovejuela small or young ewe poliandro, ra polyandrous pacer to put out to graze pol:lgamo, ma polygamous

52 pol!mero, ra polymerous rumiar to ruminate polinizacion pollination sabana savanna polucion pollution sacamuestra sampler potencial del range condition salega salt lick pastizal salgar to feed salt to livestock potrero pasture, paddock salinidad salinity pradal, prado meadow salino, na saline pradejon small meadow salobre saline ground presencia presence seca, sequ{a dry season, drought productor producer secadal dry barren land qu!mica chemistry secaral dry barren soil qu!mico chemical, chemist sedimentacion sedimentation radiacion radiation sedimentario, ria sedimentary ramita twig sedimento sediment ramon browse, forage cut for selva forest, woods fodder selvatico, ca of the woods ramont!ar to browse sembradora de seed drill rancajada, plant uprooting hileras ranchero rancher semiarbusto half shrub rancho ranch semiarido, da semi arid raso clearing serrijon, serrania short mountain range rebano flock of sheep sierra rugged mountain range

recoleccion collection sigmoideo, a sigmoid recomidas hedged sillada flat tract of land on reconocimiento reconnaissance mountain slope redecilla reticulum (ruminant) sistema systems reforestacion reforestation sistematico, ca systemmatic regadero irrigation ditch sitio site regadura irrigation sobre pastoreo overgrazing regona irrigation canel sociabilidad sociability relacion relationship subaf luente tributary reliquia relic subalpino, a subalpine reserva reserve subespecie subspecies reservacion reservation substrato substratum revegetacion revegetation subterraneo, a subterranean riberano, na, riparian subtropical subtropical ribereiio, na subvuelo ground cover rocalloso, sa stony, rocky sucesi6n succession Rocallosas Montanas Rocky Mountains sucesion primaria primary succession rocoso, sa stony, rocky sue lo soil, earth rumen rumen suelos, apeo de soil survey rumia, rumiadura rumination tastaiia hard soil crust rumiante ruminant tecnica technique

53 tecnologfa technology valoraci6n del range appraisal temporada season, period pastizal tenada cattle barn vaqueril pasture for cattle teor{a theory vaquero, ra cowhand terracillas de cattle terraces varga steepest part of hill or sobrepastoreo slope terraplen backfill vecera heifer terrestre terrestial vega fertile lowland terrateniente landholder vegetaci6n vegetation terreno, na tract of land vegetative, va vegetative terreno abarrancado clay loam badland vequeril pasture for cattle terron ped, clod of earth veranada sununer season tierra earth, soil veranadero pasture used in sununer tipo de vegetaci6n vegetative cover verano summer toc6n tree stump verdasca, ramita twig tolerancia tolerance vigor vigor toriondez rut of cattle vitalidad vitality toriondo, da in rut (cattle) xerofita xerophyte toro bull xerof :ltico xerophytic transpiraci6n transpiration yerbas weeds, forbs transecto transect yermo wasteland, barren trOfico trophic land

tundra tundra zacatal pasture land ungulado ungulate zacate grass vaca cow zacate amacollado grass, bunchgrass vacada cow herd zona zone vacuno, na bovine zona amortiguada buffer zone valor forraj ero forage value zonif icacion zonation

54 ;: U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1988-574-348/85,064 REGION NO. 8

U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station

The Rocky Mountain Station is one of eight regional experiment stations, plus the Forest Rocky Products Laboratory and the Washington Office Mountains Staff, that make up the Forest Service research·.. organization.

RESEARCH FOCUS

Research programs at the Rocky Mountain Station are coordinated with area universities and with other institutions. Many studies are conducted on a cooperative basis to accelerate solutions to problems involving range. water, wildlife and fish habitat. human and commw1ity development. timber. recreation. protection. and multiresource evaluation. Southwest RESEARCH LOCATIONS

Research Work Units of the Rocky Mountain Station are operated in cooperation with universities in the following cities:

Albuquerque. New Mexico Flagstaff, Arizona Fort Collins, Colorado• Laramie, Wyoming Lincoln, Nebraska Rapid City, South Dakota Great Tempe, Arizona Plains

•Station Headquarters: 240 W. Prospect St., Fort Collins, CO 80526