Environmental Impact Assessment And

FINAL EIA/EMP REPORT Rev.00_2020

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots AT Village Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur District Giridih, Jharkhand.

PROJECT AREA- 4.755 Ha. [ToR LETTER NO: F. No. 23-90/2018-IA.III(V) on Dated 1st February, 2019] (STUDY PERIOD: 1st October To 31st December 2018)

APPLICANT Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited. Mr. Chetu Sao (Director) Village Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur District Giridih, Jharkhand E-mail: [email protected] Ph: 9931573899 Fax: 06532-223003

ENVIRONMENT CONSULTANT VARDAN ENVIRONET (QCI/NABET ACCREDITED NO. NABET/EIA/1922/RA 0166) Plot 82-A, IMT Manesar, Sector -5, Gurugram (Haryana) E-MAIL: [email protected] CONTACT: 0124-4291036, 09899651342

DOCUMENT NO. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA

(July 2020)

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand FINAL EIA/ Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant EMP REPORT (24 ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

REVIEW AND REVISION HISTORY

History of revisions of the present report:

Table I: History of the Revisions Rev. Date Modifications Remarks Report has been prepared by Team Vardan and Rev.00 28.07.2020 FINAL EIA /EMP Report all the comments of reviewers have been incorporated in FINAL EIA/EMP report.

Document No. 2018_VI_00035

Table II: Record of Review Rev. Date Description Review-1 Review-2 Approval Rev.00 28.07.2020 FINAL EIA /EMP Mr. K. M. Khare Mr. S.K. Sharma Mr. R.S. Yadav Report 28.07.2020 30.07.2020 31.07.2020

- - -

This Report has been prepared by Vardan EnviroNet on behalf of and for the use of the M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd with due consideration and skill as per our general terms and conditions of business and terms of agreement with the M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd.

DISCLAIMER Vardan EnviroNet has taken all reasonable precautions in the preparation of this report as per its auditable quality plan. Vardan EnviroNet also believes that the facts presented in the report are accurate as on the date it was written. However, it is impossible to dismiss absolutely, the possibility of errors or omissions. Vardan EnviroNet therefore specifically disclaims any liability resulting from the use or application of the information contained in this report. The information is not intended to serve as legal advice related to the individual situation.

i ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand EIA TEAM 3 Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m ) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 DECLARATION ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA studies for M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd at Village: Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand.

We, hereby certify that we were a part of the EIA report team in the following capacity that developed the above EIA.

EIA coordinator:

Name: Mr. K.M. Khare

Signature and Date:

Period of involvement: September 2018-July 2020 Contact information: Vardan Environet, Plot No. 82A, Sector 5, IMIT Manesar, Gurugram (Haryana)-122052 Contact – 9051920308 Email Id: [email protected]

Associate EIA Coordinator:

Name: Mr. Anshul Yadav

Signature and Date:

Period of involvement: September 2018-July 2020 Contact information: Vardan Environet, Plot No. 82A, Sector 5, IMT Manesar, Gurugra, Haryana -122052 Contact – 9953147268 Email Id: [email protected]

Functional area experts: No Functional Name of the Signature Involvement areas expert/s (period and task**) October 2018-April 2019 1 AP* Mr. K.M. Khare a) Identifying the sources of (FAE – Cat. A) emissions and mitigation

ii ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand EIA TEAM 3 Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m ) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 DECLARATION ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

No Functional Name of the Signature Involvement areas expert/s (period and task**) measures. b) Inventorisation of point Source Mr. Shubham Tyagi Stacks emissions details. (Team Member, FAE – Cat. B) c) Site-specific micro-meteorology Monitoring and collection of secondary data. d) Air quality monitoring – location planning, supervision of AAQ monitoring, sample collection and preservation. e) Laboratory visit during analysis of samples f) Identification of air emission impacts from the project. g) Proposing mitigation measures along with budget for control of air pollution October 2018-April 2019 a) Surface water and ground Mr. K.M. Khare water quality monitoring, (FAE – Cat. A) Sampling, Preservation and

assessment, impacts on Water environment and mitigations. 2 WP* b) Identification, characterisation Mr. Shubham Tyagi of effluent streams and treatments

(Team Member, there of FAE – Cat. B) c) Water balance and conservation measures d) Budget Allocation October 2018-June 2020 Ms. Surbhi Rohan a) Processing of site- specific micro- 3 AQ* Makhwana meteorological data (FAE – Cat. A ) b) Collection and use of

iii ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand EIA TEAM 3 Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m ) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 DECLARATION ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

No Functional Name of the Signature Involvement areas expert/s (period and task**) inversion/mixing Height data for modelling. c) Air dispersion modelling for prediction of GLCS due to PM10, S02 and NOx Mr. Asif Hussain October 2018-April 2019 (FAE – Cat. A) a) Analysis of ambient noise quality 4 NV* Mr. Shubham Tyagi data (Team Member, b) Impact due to plant noise and FAE – Cat. B) abatement measures

October 2018-April 2019 a) Biological environment status in Dr. Niteesh Kumar respect of terrestrial faun and 5 EB* (FAE – Cat. A) aquatic eco system b) Impact on ecological environment October 2018-April 2019 a) Ground water resource assessment Mr. R.S. Yadav 6 HG* (FAE – Cat. A) b) Impact on ground water potential and mitigation measures for avoiding Ground water contamination. October 2018-April 2019 a) Determination of demographic profile including socio economy & Ms. Shilpa Mishra 8 SE* livelihood (FAE – Cat. A) b) Assessing the changes in socio economic pattern c)Budget Allocation

iv ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand EIA TEAM 3 Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m ) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 DECLARATION ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

No Functional Name of the Signature Involvement areas expert/s (period and task**) October 2018-April 2019 a) Non-hazardous solid wastes

generation, recycling and disposal 9 SHW* Mr. S.K. Sharma b) Storage and management of (FAE – Cat. A) hazardous solid wastes c)Budget Allocation October 2018-April 2019 a)Sampling, analysis and characterization of soil b) Assessment of Mr. S.K. Sharma fertility/productivity of soil, 10 SC* (FAE – Cat. A) nutrient availability c) Remediation of soil pollution/contaminated soils d) Controlling degradation of soil/soil conservation October 2018-April 2019 a) Analysis of data related to land use pattern 11 LU* Mr. Ankur Agarwal b) Land use map development. (FAE – Cat. A) c) Impact on land environment in respect to land form change

October 2018-April 2019 a) Identification of hazardous Mrs. Anuradha prone areas 12 RH* Sharma

(FAE – Cat. A) b) Environment risk evaluation c) On-site and Off-site emergency planning

v ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand EIA TEAM 3 Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m ) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 DECLARATION ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

Declaration by the Head of the accredited consultant organization

I, R.S. Yadav, hereby, confirm that the above mentioned experts prepared the EIA of M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd at Village: Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand. I certify that this report has been prepared by ‘Vardan Environet’ with all reasonable skill, care and diligence within the terms of the contract with the client, incorporating our General Terms and Conditions of Business and taking account of the resources devoted to it by agreement with the client.

I also confirm that I shall be fully accountable for any misleading information mentioned in this statement.

Name: R.S.Yadav

Signature

Designation: Managing Director

NABET Certificate No. & Issue Date: NABET/EIA/1922/RA 0166 issued on 17.06.2020 and valid upto 06.11.2022

vi ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand TABLE OF Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant CONTENTS (24 ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page No. i Review and Revision History i ii Declaration of Consultant ii iii Table of Contents vii iv TOR Compliance xviii VOLUME- I Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION 1-12 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Purpose of the Report 2 1.3 Identification of Project & Project Proponent 3 1.3.1 Project 3 1.3.2 Project Proponent 3 1.4 Brief Description of Nature, Size, Location of the Project and Its Important To The 4 Country And Region 1.4.1 Nature of the project 4 1.4.2 Size of the project 4 1.4.3 Location of Project 5 1.4.4 Importance of project to the Country and Region 6 1.5 Scope of the Study- Details of Regulatory Scoping Carried Out (AS PER TOR) 6 1.5.1 Terms of Reference issued by MoEF & CC 7 1.5.2 Preparation of EIA 7 1.5.3 Laws Applicable to this Project 9

Chapter 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 13-37 2.1 The Project 13 2.2 Need & justification of the project 13 2.3 Location of Project (Maps Showing General Location, Specific Locations, Project 13 Boundary and Project Site Layout) 2.3.1 Project Location 13 2.3.2 Plant Layout 15 2.3.3 List of Industries 15 2.4 Size And Magnitude of Operation 21 2.5 Proposed Scheduled for Approval and Implementation 21 2.5.1 Schedule for Approval of the Project 21 2.5.2 Schedule for implementation of the Project 21 2.6 Technology and Process Description 24 2.6.1 Existing Units (Under Violation) 24 2.6.2 Proposed Units 27 2.7 Project Details 29 2.7.1 Raw Material requirement 29 2.7.2 Water Requirement 32 2.7.3 Power Requirement 33 2.7.4 Manpower Requirement 33 2.7.5 Land Requirement 33 2.7.6 Project Cost 34 2.7.7 GreenBelt Development 34 2.7.8 Solid Waste Generation & Management 34 2.8 Description of mitigation measure incorporated in to the project to meet 35

vii ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand TABLE OF Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant CONTENTS (24 ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

environmental standard, environmental operating conditions or other EIA requirements 2.9 Summary Of Significant Impacts 36 2.10 Saleable Products/By-Products 37

Chapter 3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 38-108 3.0 Introduction 38 3.1 Study Area 38 3.2 Study Period 39 3.2.1 Components & Methodology 39 3.3 Establishment of Baseline for Valued Environmental Components, As Identified in 40 the Scope 3.3.1 Air Environment 40 3.3.1.1 Micro-Meteorological data 41 3.3.1.2 Ambient Air Quality 3.3.2 Noise Environment 49 3.3.3 Traffic Study 53 3.3.4 Water Environment 56 3.3.5 Soil Environment 61 3.3.6 Land Use and Land Cover 66 3.3.7 Geomorphology 72 3.3.8 Geology of the Study Area 73 3.3.9 Hydrogeological Study 74 3.3.9.1 Site Specific Hydrogeology 76 3.3.10 Socio-Economic Environment 78 3.3.10.1 Demographic Structure of Study Area 79 3.3.10.2 Occupational Pattern in Study Area 84 3.3.10.3 Infrastructure Resource Base in Study Area 89 3.3.10.4 Economic Resource Base in Study Area 92 3.3.10.5 Cultural and Aesthetic Attributes in Study Area 92 3.3.10.6 Socio-Economic Survey 92 3.3.11 Ecology and Biodiversity 94 3.3.11.1 Objectives of the study 95 3.3.11.2 Site Selection Criteria 96 3.3.11.3 Terrestrial Ecology Assessment 97 3.3.11.4 Aquatic Diversity Assessment 105

Cahpter 4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 109-166 4.1 Introduction 109 4.2 Identification & Characterization of Impacts 110 4.2.1 Impacts and mitigation measures due to project location 110 4.2.2 Impacts and mitigation measures due to project design 110 4.2.3 Impacts and mitigation measures during construction 110 4.2.4 Impacts and Mitigation measures during Operation phase 111 4.3 Impact Matrix 112 4.4 Air Environment-Impacts & Control Measures 125 4.4.1 During Construction Phase 125 4.4.2 During Operational Phase 125 4.4.2.1 Emission from Point Source (Stack) 125 4.4.2.2 Emission from Area Source (Fugitive Emission) 125

viii ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand TABLE OF Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant CONTENTS (24 ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

4.4.3 Air Pollution Dispersion Modelling Studies 126 4.4.3.1 Air Quality Model- AERMOD Software 126 4.4.4 Air Quality Index 138 4.4.5 Mitigative Measures-Process Emissions 141 4.4.5.1 Emissions from Pig Iron Plant 141 4.4.5.2 Emissions from Coke Oven Plant 142 4.4.5.3 Emissions from Steel Melting Shop 142 4.4.5.4 Fugitive Emissions from Plant 143 4.5 Traffic Assessment -Impacts & Mitigation Measures 143 4.5.1 During Construction Phase 144 4.5.2 During Operational Phase 145 4.6 Water Environment -Impacts & Control measures 147 4.6.1 During Constructional Phase 147 4.6.2 During operational Phase 148 4.7 Noise Environment – Impacts & Mitigation measures 149 4.7.1 During Construction Phase 149 4.7.2 During Operational Phase 151 4.8 Land Environment -Impacts & control measures 153 4.8.1 During Construction Phase 153 4.8.2 During Operational Phase 153 4.9 Socio-Economic Environment 154 4.9.1 Positive Impacts 155 4.9.2 Adverse Impacts 156 4.9.3 Occupational health Care 156 4.9.4 General Mitigation Measures for Socio Economic Environment 157 4.10 Ecology & Biodiversity-Impact & Mitigation Measures 158 4.10.1 During Construction phase 158 4.10.2 During Operational phase 158 4.11 Greenbelt Development 159 4.11.1 Action Plan for Greenbelt Development 160 4.12 Rain water Harvesting 161 4.13 CREP 164

Chapter 5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES 167-169 5.1 Preamble 167 5.2 Analysis of project location 167 5.3 Analysis of Environmental Sensitivity of the Location Selected 167 5.4 Analysis of Technology Selected 168

Chapter 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 170-178 6.1 Introduction 170 6.2 Parameters to be Monitored 170 6.2.1 Ambient Air Quality 170 6.2.2 Stack Emissions 171 6.2.3 Fugitive Emissions 171 6.2.4 Effluent Quality 172 6.2.5 Ground Water Quality 172 6.2.6 Noise Levels 172 6.2.7 Greenbelt Developed 172 6.2.8 Occupational Health & Safety Monitoring 173

ix ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand TABLE OF Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant CONTENTS (24 ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

6.2.9 Training 173 6.2.10 House keeping 173 6.2.11 Periodic preventive maintenance 173 6.2.12 Socio Economic Development 174 6.2.13 Accidents and Diseases Monitoring 174 6.3 Infrastructure Requirement 174 6.4 Budget Allocation for Monitoring 174 6.5 Environment Management Cell 175 6.5.1 Monitoring & Responsibility 176 6.6 Summary 178

Chapter 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 179-223 7.1 Preamble 179 7.2 Socio-Economic Impact Assessment 179 7.2.1 Introduction 179 7.2.2 Objectives of Social Impact Assessment Study 179 7.2.3 Rehabilitation & Resettlement Plan 180 7.2.4 Survey of the Project Area 180 7.2.5 Analysis of Data and Reconnaissance Exercise 180 7.2.6 Details of Project Area 180 7.3 Public Hearing 182 7.3.1 Advertisement for Public Hearing 182 7.4 Corporate Environment Responsibility 188 7.5 Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA) 190 7.5.1 Hazards Identified in the Project 191 7.5.2 Accident Analysis 192 7.5.3 Identification of sources of Fire/Explosion and Toxic at M/s Lal Ferro Alloys 193 7.5.4 Damage Criteria for Thermal Radiation and Overpressure Impacts 193 7.5.5 Risk Assessment 194 7.5.5.1 Risk Assessment & Damage Control 195 7.5.5.2 Maximum Credible Accident Analysis (MCA) 195 7.5.6 Mitigation Measures for Identified Hazard and Risks 200 7.6 Occupational Health and Safety Onsite 203 7.6.1 Details of exposure specific health status evaluation of worker 204 7.7 Natural and Manmade Calamities 206 7.7.1 Earthquake 206 7.7.2 Storm 208 7.7.3 Flood 208 7.7.4 Air Raid 209 7.7.5 Food and Water Poisoning 209 7.8 Disaster Management Plan 209 7.8.1 Key Elements 210 7.8.2 On-Site Emergency Plan 211 7.8.3 Off-Site Emergency Planning 220 7.9 Conclusion 223

Chapter 8 PROJECT BENEFITS 224-226 8.1 Introduction 224 8.2 Employment Potential 224 8.2.1 Direct Employment 224

x ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand TABLE OF Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant CONTENTS (24 ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

8.2.2 Indirect Employment 224 8.3 Improvement In Infrastructure 225 8.4 Education 225 8.5 Corporate Environment Responsibility 225 8.6 Other Tangible Benefits 225 8.7 Conclusions 226

Chapter 9 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS 227 9.1 Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis 227

Chapter 10 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 228-233 10.1 Introduction 228 10.2 Purpose of Environmental management Plan 228 10.3 Environment Management Policy & Environment Committee 228 10.4 Implementation Of Environment Management Plan 233 10.5 Budgetary Provision for EMP Implementation 233

Chapter 11 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 234-258 11.1 Introduction 234 11.2 Project Description 234 11.2.1 Location Details 234 11.2.2 Manufacturing Process 235 11.2.3 Project Requirement 239 11.3 Baseline Environmental Status 241 11.3.1 Meteorological Data 241 11.3.2 Ambient Air Quality Data 241 11.3.3 Ambient Noise Quality Data 242 11.3.4 Water Quality Data 242 11.3.5 Soil Quality Data 242 11.3.6 Land use/Land Cover 242 11.3.7 Hydrology 242 11.3.8 Traffic Study 243 11.3.9 Socio-Economic Status 243 11.3.10 Ecology and Biodiversity 243 11.4 Anticipation Environmental Impacts And Mitigation Measures 244 11.4.1 Land Environment 244 11.4.2 Air Environment 245 11.4.3 Water Environment 247 11.4.4 Noise Environment 249 11.4.5 Socio-economic Environment 250 11.4.6 Biological Environment 251 11.4.7 Greenbelt Development 252 11.4.8 Rain Water Harvesting 252 11.5 Analysis Of Alternatives 252 11.6 Environmental Monitoring Program 252 11.7 Additional Studies 253 11.7.1 Social Impact Assessment 253 11.7.2 Public Hearing 253 11.7.3 Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) 256 11.7.4 Hazard Identification and Risk management 256

xi ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand TABLE OF Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant CONTENTS (24 ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

11.7.5 Risk Analysis 257 11.7.6 Occupational Health and Safety 257 11.8 Project Benefits 257 11.9 Environmental Management Plan 258 11.10 Conclusion 258

Chapter 12 ASSESSMENT OF THR ECOLOGICAL DAMAGE ,REMEDIATION PLAN AND NATURAL 259-272 AND COMMUNITY RESOURCES AUGMENTATION PLAN 12.1 Background 259 12.2 Violation Details 259 12.3 Objective Of The Study 261 12.4 Ecological Damage Assessment And Remediation Plan 261 12.5 Economic Benefit Due To Violation Activity 271 12.6 Natural And Community Resources Augmentation Plan 271 12.7 Conclusion Energy & Natural Resources Conservation Measures 271

Chapter 13 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED 273-276 13.1 Introduction 273 13.2 Services Of Vardan Environet 273 13.3 Recognitions 274 13.4 List Of Software Models For Environmental Studies 274 13.5 Key Management Personnel Of Vardan 274 13.6 Eminent Clientele Of Vardan 275 13.7 Certifications Of Vardan Group 275 VOLUME II ANNEXURES Annexure 1 Executive Summary 277-290 Annexure 2 ToR Letter 291-302 Annexure 3 Lab Reports 303-366 Annexure 4 Land Documents 367-404 Annexure 5 Consent to Establish 405-406 Annexure-6 Public Hearing Documents 407-422 Annexure-7 Credible Action Documents 423-434 Annexure-8 Power Permission Document 435-451 Annexure-9 DFO Letter 452 Annexure-10 Water Permission Document 453-458

LIST OF TABLE Table No. Title Page No. 1.1 Existing and Proposed Project 4 2.1 Salient Feature of The Proposed Project 14 2.2 Details of Existing and Proposed Facilities 21 2.3 Project Implementation Schedule 22 2.4 MBF Basic Parameters 26 2.5 Production Capacity of SMS 28 2.6 Description of Steel Melting Shop 28 2.7 Raw Material Requirement 29 2.8 Water Requirement for Existing and Proposed Units 32 2.9 Power Requirement for Existing & Proposed Units 33 2.10 Land Use Break-up of Plant Area 33

xii ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand TABLE OF Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant CONTENTS (24 ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

2.11 Details of Solid Waste Generation, Handling and Utilization 34 2.12 Mitigation Measures for Pollution Control in Existing and Proposed Units 35 3.1 Environmental Components and Their Sources/Methodologies 40 3.2 Secondary Meteorological Data for Dumka, Jharkhand (1981-2010) 42 3.3 Onsite Meteorological Data (Period: 1st October to 31st December, 2018) 43 3.4 Techniques Adopted/Protocols for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring 46 3.5 Ambient Air Quality Data 47 3.6 Noise level data 52 3.7 Summarized Traffic data 54 3.8 Existing Traffic Scenario and LOS 55 3.9 Ground Water Quality Data 58 3.10 Surface water quality data 59 3.11 Physico-chemical Properties of Soil 63 3.12 Land use/ land cover analysis 66 3.13 Summarized Demographic Structure of the Study Area 79 3.14 Demographic structure of the villages in the study area 80 3.15 Occupational Structure of the Study Area 84 3.16 Infrastructure Resource Base of the Study Area 89 3.17 List of the Villages for Field Survey 93 3.18 Mode of data collection and parameters considered during the Survey 96 3.19 Checklist of Natural Vegetation (Core & Buffer Zone) 98 3.20 Faunal Diversity observed along core and buffer zone 103 3.21 Phytoplankton and Zooplanktons Recorded in the Study Area 106 3.22 Common fish species recorded in Buffer Zone 107 3.23 Wetland/Marshland Diversity of Study area 107 4.1 Impact Identification Matrix 112 4.2 A Characteristics of Environmental Impacts from Construction Phase 114 4.2 B Characteristics of Environmental Impacts from Operational Phase 116 4.3 Emission Data for Modeling 127 4.4 Emission factors of Indian Vehicles 128 4.5 Predicted GLC & Resultant Cumulative GLC at AQM Stations 129 4.6 Predicted 24 Hourly GLC & Resultant Cumulative GLC at AQM Stations 132 4.7 AQI Category based on pollutants concentration 138 4.8 Health impacts based on the AQI values 139 4.9 Sub-Index values for each air pollutant at selected sites 139 4.10 Cumulative effect of all pollutants based on AQI values 141 4.11 Details of Pollution Control Facilities 142 4.12 PCU for Operation Phase 145 4.13 Existing and Operation phase PCU’s 145 4.14 LOS study of Proposed Project 145 4.15 Daily Emissions from Transportation during Operation Phase 146 4.16 Details of the Water Pollution Control facilities 149 4.17 Noise levels of Construction Equipment 150 4.18 Details of Solid Waste Generation, Handling and Utilization 153 4.19 Matrix of Impact Assessment on Socio-Economic Parameters 154 4.20 Qualitative Effects on Socio-Economic Environment 155 4.21 Budgetary Outlets of Greenbelt Development For Five Years 161 4.22 Data Assumed and/or Available for Rain water harvesting 161 4.23 Quantification of Runoff Water 162 4.24 Calculation for Hourly Runoff 162

xiii ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand TABLE OF Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant CONTENTS (24 ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

4.25 Compliance with Charter on Corporate Responsibility for Environment 164 Protection (CREP) 6.1 Ambient Air Quality – Frequency and Parameters 171 6.2 Stacks To Be Monitored After the Implementation of The Project 171 6.3 Fugitive Emission to be Controlled & Monitored 171 6.4 Monitoring of Effluent Quality 172 6.5 Cost of Environmental Monitoring Program 175 7.1 Summarized Details of the Socio Economic Survey 181 7.2 Summary of the Issues Raised During Public Hearing and Action Plan 184 7.3 Proposed Activities under Corporate Environment Responsibility & Budget 189 7.4 List of Damages Envisaged at Various Heat Loads 194 7.5 Site Specific HIRA of Lal Ferro Alloys Co (P) Ltd. 197 7.6 Details of Fire Fighting Facilities onsite 202 7.7 Summary of Recommended Personal Protective Equipment According to 202 Hazard 7.8 PEL level Summary as per OSHA 204 7.9 Breakup Details of OH&S Budget 205 7.10 Emergency Recovery Plan 207 10.1 Budgetary Provision for Environmental Protection Measures 233 11.1 Raw Material Requirement 239 11.2 Land Use Break-up 240 11.3 Power Requirement for Non-Violating & Violating Units 240 11.4 Water Requirement for Non-Violating & Violating Units 241 11.5 Solid Waste Generation & Utilization for Non-Violating & Violating Units 245 11.6 Details of Pollution Control Facilities 246 11.7 Details of the Water Pollution Control facilities 248 11.8 Summary of the Issues Raised During Public Hearing and Action Plan 253 12.1 Assessment of Environmental / Ecological Damage and Remediation/ EMP 262 suggested 12.2 Natural and Community Resource Augmentation Plan With Allocated Budgetary 271 12.3 Summary of Remediation Plan, Natural Resource Augmentation Plan and 272 Community Resource Augmentation Plan

LIST OF FIGURE

Figure No. Title Page No. 1.1 Digitized Map of Study area 5 2.1 Map showing location of project site 17 2.2 Topographic Map of 10 Km Radius Study Area 18 2.3 Google Map Of Project site 19 2.4 Layout Map of Project Site 20 2.5 A typical flow-scheme of Non Recovery Type Coke Oven plant 26 2.6 Blast Furnace Process Flow 27 2.7 Material balance for Steel Production 31 2.8 Water Balance Diagram 32 3.1 Ombrothermic Diagram based on IMD data 42 3.2 Wind Rose Diagram of Giridih District (Oct - Dec) 43 3.3 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations 45 3.4 Graphical representation of Particulate Pollutants 48 3.5 Graphical representation of Gaseous Pollutants 48

xiv ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand TABLE OF Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant CONTENTS (24 ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

3.6 Graphical representation of CO pollutant 48 3.7 Noise Quality Monitoring Locations Map 50 3.8 Equivalent Noise Levels at all Monitoring locations 52 3.9 Transportation Map of Project Site 54 3.10 Pie Chart Representation for Total Vehicular Data 54 3.11 Map showing Water Sampling Locations 57 3.12 Map showing Soil sampling locations 61 3.13 Satellite imagery of 10 km study area 68 3.14 LULC map of 10 km Study Area 69 3.15 Contour map of 10 km Study Area 70 3.16 Digital Elevation Map of 10 km Study Area 71 3.17 Drainage map of 10 km Study area 73 3.18 Hydrogeological map of the Giridih District 75 3.19 Depth to the water levels at the pre-monsoon period (May 2012) 76 3.20 Depth to water levels at the post-monsoon period (November 2012) 76 3.21 Map for Site Specific Pre-Monsoon Water Level 2019 77 3.22 Map for Site Specific Post-Monsoon Water Level 2019 77 3.23 Seasonal Water Level Fluctuation Map for Site 2019 78 3.24 Bar Diagram Representing the Population in the Villages 82 3.25 Bar Diagram Representing the Ratio of Population In The Study Area 83 Bar Diagram Representing the Population Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes 3.26 83 in the Study Area Bar Diagram Representing the Population Male and Female Literates in the 3.27 84 Study Area 3.28 Distribution of workers under Main Worker Category in the study area 88 3.29 Occupational structure in the study area 89 4.1 Windrose Plot - Giridih (October to December) 126 4.2 Isopleths for Incremental Conc. (μg/m3) for PM10 (Failure) 130 4.3 Isopleths for Incremental Conc. (μg/m3) for PM2.5 (Failure) 131 4.4 Isopleths for 24 Hr. Incremental Conc. (μg/m3) for PM10 (Control) 133 4.5 Isopleths for 24 Hr. Incremental Conc. (μg/m3) for PM2.5 (Control) 134 4.6 Isopleths for 24 Hr. Incremental Conc. (μg/m3) for NOx (Control) 135 4.7 Isopleths for 24 Hr. Incremental Conc. (μg/m3) for SO2 (Control) 136 4.8 Schematic Diagram of Recharge Pit 163 6.1 Organization chart of Environmental Monitoring Group (EMG) 176 7.1 Earth Quake Zonation Map 206 7.2 Onsite DMP - Disaster Control / Management System 212 7.3 Various Organizations Involved During Emergency 220 10.1 Organizational Set-up for Environmental Committee 229 10.2 Board Resolution 231 10.3 Environmental Policy of M/s Lal Fero Alloys Co (P) Ltd 232

ABBREVIATIONS AAQM Ambient Air Quality Monitoring APCD Air Pollution Control Devices cm Centimeter CPCB Central Pollution Control Board dB Decibel DG Diesel Generator

xv ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand TABLE OF Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant CONTENTS (24 ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

ABBREVIATIONS E East ECC Emergency Control Centre EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMC Environmental Management Cell EMP Environmental Management Plan EPA Environmental Protection Agencies ESE East of South East STP Sewage treatment plant FCC False Colour Composite GIS Geographical information system GLC Ground level concentration GPS Global Positioning System IMD Indian Meteorological Department IRS Indian Remote Sensing Satellite ISCST Industrial Source Complex, Short Terms ISO International Organization of Standardization ISS Indian Standard Specification JSPCB Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board KLD Kilo Litre Per Day Km Kilometer KVA Kilo Volt Ampere KW Kilo Watt m Meter M bgl Meter Below Ground Level mg Milligram MoEF&CC Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change mRL Mean Reference Level MSMEs Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises N North NE North-East SH State Highway NNE North of North-East NNW North of North-West

NO2 Nitrogen Dioxides NW North-West OHSAS Occupational Health & Safety Assessment PPE Personal Protective Equipment PPM Part Per Million Pvt. Private QC Quality Council QCI Quality Council of India QRA Quantitative Risk Assessment R&R Rehabilitation & Resettlement RSPM Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter SE South- East SEIAA State Level Environmental Assessment Authority

SO2 Sulphur Dioxide SOI Survey of India SPM Suspended Particulate Matter

xvi ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand TABLE OF Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant CONTENTS (24 ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

ABBREVIATIONS SSE South of South-East SSW South of South-West TAC Traffic Advisory Committee TDS Total Dissolve Solid TOR Terms of Reference TPH Tones Per Hour TS Total Solid TSDF Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility US EPA United State Environmental Protection Agencies µg/m3 Micro gram per meter cube w.e.f. With Effective From w.r.t. With Reference To W/W Weight By Weight WNW West Of North-West WSW West Of South-West ZLD Zero Liquid Discharge

xvii ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand TOR COMPLIANCE Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

F. No. 23-90/2018-IA.III(V) M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd., Village: Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur, Distt: Giridih, Jharkhand TERMS OF REFERENCE – STATUS OF COMPLIANCE S. TOR Point Reply Citation No. Chapter Item No. Page No. No. A. Specific ToR i The state government/SPCB to take JSPCB vide letter dated on 31.07.2015 has requested, Annexure- - 423 action against the project Judicial Court, Girdih to issue notice to M/s Lal Ferro 7 proponent under the provisions of Alloys Co Pvt. Ltd. and case no. 63/15/2015 was filed the Environment (Protection) Act, against M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co Pvt. Ltd. u/s 37 of Air 1986, and further no consent to (Pollution & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and u/s 44 of operate or occupancy certificate to Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. be issued till the project is granted EC. ii Public hearing to be conducted by The public hearing was conducted by Jharkhand State Annexure - 407 the concerned State Pollution Pollution Control Borad on 23.01.2020 at Chhurriwala - 6 Control Board. Garden Harsingh Raidih, Dist - Giridih, Jharkhand for M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. Details of Public Hearing is provided in EIA/EMP Report Annexure- 12 iii The issues raised during public Issues raised during public hearing and time bound 7 Table 7.2 184 hearing and commitment of the action plan proposed along with budgetary provisions is project proponent on the same given in the EIA/EMP Report along with time bound action plan to implement the commitment and financial allocation thereto should be clearly provided.

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S. TOR Point Reply Citation No. Chapter Item No. Page No. No. iv The Project Proponent shall be Noted - - - required to submit a bank guarantee equivalent to the amount of remediation plan and natural and community resource

augmentation plan with the SPCB prior to the grant EC. The quantum shall be recommended by the SEAC and finalized by the regulatory authority. The bank guarantee shall be released after successful implementation of the EMP, followed by recommendations of

the SEAC and approval of the regulatory authority. B. Generic ToR 1. Executive Summary Executive Summary is enclosed as Annexure- I with Annexure- 277 EIA/EMP Report. 1 2. Introduction i Details of the EIA Consultant Vardan EnviroNet, is an accredited organization by 13 13.7 275 including NABET accreditation Quality Council of India/NABET certificate no. NABET/EIA/1922/RA0166 and NABET accreditation certificate is incorporated in EIA/EMP Report. ii Information about the project M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Pvt. Ltd. 1 1.3.2 3 proponent Directors: Shri Chetu Sao

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S. TOR Point Reply Citation No. Chapter Item No. Page No. No. Address: Village: Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur, Dist: Giridih, Jharkhand Phone no: 9931573899 Fax: 06532-223003 Mail id: [email protected] iii Importance and benefits of the Importance: 1 1.4.4 6 project  Pig Iron is one of the basic raw materials required by the foundry and casting industry for manufacture of various types of castings for the engineering sector. • The growth of the steel sector is intricately linked with the growth of the Indian economy and especially the growth of the steel consuming sectors. Benefits: • The region shall also be benefited from the project as there will be direct employment of people in the plant. • There will be lot of scope for indirect employment of the people of the state in and around the project site like in transportation sector. Details of importance and benefits of the project are incorporated in the EIA. Importance and Benefits of the project is given in the EIA/EMP Report 3. Project Description I. Cost of project and time of Total Project Cost: Rs. 11.47 Crores. 2 2.7.6 34 completion. Time of Completion: 2.5.2 21

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S. TOR Point Reply Citation No. Chapter Item No. Page No. No. Mini Blast Furnace and Coke Oven Plant are installed and under violation. 1x6 Ton Induction Furnace is proposed and will be installed within 24 months after receipt of Environmental Clearance from the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MOEF&CC), and Consent to Establish from Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board (JSPCB). II. Product with capacities for the 1x6 Ton Induction Furnace with Ingot Casting Facility – 2 2.10 37 proposed project. 18,000 TPA MS Ingots

III. If expansion project, details of Mini Blast Furnace - 12000 TPA Pig Iron (Under Violation) 2 2.4 21 existing products with capacities Coke Oven Plant – 15,000 TPA Coke (Under Violation) and whether adequate land is The plant covers a total land area of 4.75 Ha. available for expansion, reference Adequate land is available for the expansion. of earlier EC if any. The project was installed after taking Consent to Establish from JSPCB on 25.01.2007. No prior Environmental Clearance was taken under EIA Notification, 2006. IV. List of raw materials required and The major raw materials required are iron ore, coal, 2 Table 2.7 29 their source along with mode of limestone, dolomite, manganese ore, sponge iron and transportation. scrap. Details of raw material required with their source and mode of transportation are given in the EIA/EMP Report. V. Other chemicals and materials No other chemicals and materials are used in the NA NA NA required with quantities and process. storage capacities.

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S. TOR Point Reply Citation No. Chapter Item No. Page No. No. VI. Details of Emission, effluents, Emission from point and area sources are given in the 4 4.4.2 125 hazardous waste generation and EIA/EMP Report. Table 141 their management. There will be no discharge of waste water from the plant 4.11 as Zero liquid effluent discharge (ZLD) will be adopted. All Table 149 the sections of the existing and proposed plant will be in 4.16 closed circuit. Further, in the proposed expansion only ‘Used Oil’ will be 4.8.2 153 generated as hazardous waste and the same shall be sold to the registered recyclers. VII. Requirement of water, power, with Water Requirement - 160 m3/day 2 2.7.2 32 source of supply, status of Source: Requirement will be met from existing Bore wells approval, water balance diagram, Total power requirement is 3.5 MW which will be sourced 2.7.3 33 manpower requirement (regular from DVC. and contract) The total estimated manpower requirement during the 2.7.4 33 operation of units under violation as well as proposed units shall be 120. VIII. The project proponent shall furnish Application has been submitted to CGWB/CGWA vide Annexure- - 453 the requisite documents from the F.No 21-4/669/JH/IND/2020 dated on 22.07.2020 to 10 competent authority in support of obtain permission for 160 KLD groundwater withdrawal. drawl of ground water and surface Power Permission has been obtained from DVC for supply Annexure- - 435 water and supply of electricity. of power 7 IX. Process description along with Process description along with major equipment and 2 2.6 24 major equipment and machineries, machineries, process flow sheet (Quantitative) from raw process flow sheet (Quantitative) material to products is given in EIA

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S. TOR Point Reply Citation No. Chapter Item No. Page No. No. from raw material to products to be provided. X. Hazard identification and details of Hazard identification and details of proposed safety 7 7.5 190 proposed safety systems. systems is given in the EIA/EMP Report. XI. Expansion/modernization proposals: a. Copy of all the Not Applicable - - - Environmental Clearance(s) EC was not taken before installation of the existing plant. including Amendments there to CTO was never granted by JSPCB for operation of the be obtained for the project from installed Units. MOEF&CC/SEIAA shall be attached as an Annexure. A certified copy of the latest Monitoring Report of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change as per circular dated 30th May, 2012 on the status of compliances of conditions stipulated in all the existing environmental clearance including Amendments shall be provide. In addition, status of compliance of Consent to Operate for the ongoing existing operation of the project from SPCB/PCC shall be attached with the EIA-EMP report.

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S. TOR Point Reply Citation No. Chapter Item No. Page No. No. b. b) In case the existing project has The existing plant for production of 12,000 TPA Pig Iron Annexure- - 405 not obtained environmental through 1x23m3 Mini Blast Furnace and 2x12 Ovens Non- 5 clearance, reasons for not taking recovery type Coke Oven Plant for production of 15,000 EC under the provisions of the EIA TPA Coke were installed after taking Consent to Establish Notification 1994 and/or from JSPCB vide letter No. 225 dated 25.01.2007. Notification 2006 shall be The prior Environmental Clearance under EIA provided. Copies of Consent of Notification, 2006 was not taken due to ignorance about Establish/No Objection Certificate the requirement and hence taken ToR from MoEF&CC on and Consent to Operate (in case 01.02.2019 as per provisions under S.O. 804 (E) dated of units operating prior to EIA 14.03.2017 for the project under Violation and Notification 2006, CTE and CTO of expansion. FY 2005-2006) obtained from the SPCB shall be submitted. Further, CTO was never granted by JSPCB for operation of the compliance report to the installed plant and the plant was never operated since conditions of consents from the installation. SPCB shall be submitted. Copy of CTE is enclosed as Annexure-5 4. Site Details I. Location of the project site Project site is located at Village: Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi 1 1.4.3 5 covering village, Taluka/ Tehsil, Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand. District and State, Justification for The expansion project will also be installed within the selecting the site, whether other plant premises and is a downstream facility of the sites were considered. existing plant, hence alternative site is not examined. II. A toposheet of the study area of Toposheet of the study area is given in EIA/EMP Report. 2 Fig. 2.2 18 radius of 10 km and site location on 1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2 sheet. (including all eco-

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S. TOR Point Reply Citation No. Chapter Item No. Page No. No. sensitive areas and environmentally sensitive places) III. Details w.r.t. option analysis for Analysis of Site selection is given in the EIA/EMP Report. 5 5.2 167 selection of site IV. Co -ordinates (lat-long) of all four Corner Coordinates of the project boundary are given in 2 Fig. 2.3 19 corners of the site the EIA/EMP Report V. Google map-Earth downloaded of Google imaginary of project site downloaded from 2 Fig. 2.3 19 the project site. Google earth is given in the EIA/EMP Report. VI. Layout maps indicating existing Layout map of indicating existing unit as well as proposed 2 Fig. 2.4 20 unit as well as proposed unit unit is given in the EIA/EMP Report. indicating storage area, plant area, greenbelt area, utilities etc. If located within an Industrial area/Estate/Complex, layout of Industrial Area indicating location of unit within the Industrial area/Estate. VII. Photographs of the proposed and Photographs of plantation/ greenbelt is given in EIA/EMP 2 - 16 existing (if applicable) plant site. If Report existing, show photographs of plantation/ greenbelt, in particular VIII. Land use break-up of total land of Area of the plant is 4.75 Ha which is acquired by project 2 2.7.5 33 the project site (identified and proponent. The present land use is for industrial activity. acquired), government/ private- agricultural, forest, wasteland,

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S. TOR Point Reply Citation No. Chapter Item No. Page No. No. water bodies, settlements, etc shall be included. (not required for industrial area).

IX. A list of major industries with name A list of major industries with name & type within study 2 2.3.3 15 and type within study area (10km area (10 km radius) and Land use details of study area is radius) shall be incorporated. Land given in EIA/EMP Report. use details of the study area. X. Geological features and Geo- Geological Features 3 3.3.8 73 hydrological status of the study The oldest geological formation which occurs in the area shall be included. district is the crystalline metamorphic of Archaean age, which forms the basement. The area is underlain by rocks belonging to Chotanagpur granite gneissic complex of Proterozoic age comprising of biotite and quartz biotite

granite gneiss. These are overlain by lower Gondwana sedimentaries which were deposited in the slowly sinking faulted troughs or basins. Quartz biotite granite gneiss covers a large part of the area and seems to be intruded by granites. Some area has been noticed with basaltic formation of cretaceous era. Geological features is given in the EIA/EMP Report Geo-hydrological Features Ground water under unconfined condition is occurring in 3 3.3.9 74 the weathered mantle whereas under semi-confined to confined condition it occurs in deeper fractures. The

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S. TOR Point Reply Citation No. Chapter Item No. Page No. No. water level in the area underlies in the phreatic conditions. The site is having specific yield upto 10 m3/hr. Pre-Monsoon (May 2019) water level depth at the site varies from 7.2 to 10.3 mbgl and Post-Monsoon (November 2019) water level depth varies from 4.8 to 7.4 mbgl. The project area lies in the ‘Safe’ category zone for the future ground water development. Geo-hydrological features is given in the Chapter-3 of EIA/EMP Report XI. Details of Drainage of the project Not Applicable, No major river is within the 1 km of the 3 Fig. 3.17 73 upto 5km radius of study area. If project site. the site is within 1 km radius of any Usri Nadi – 4.1 KM, Barakar River – 8 KM major river, peak and lean season Drainage map is provided in EIA/EMP Report river discharge as well as flood occurrence frequency based on peak rainfall data of the past 30 years. Details of Flood Level of the project site and maximum Flood Level of the river shall also be provided. (mega green field projects) XII. Status of acquisition of land. If Total Area of 4.75 ha. is already acquired by project Annexure- 367 acquisition is not complete, stage proponent. Land documents are attached as an Annexure 4 of the acquisition process and - 4. expected time of complete possession of the land.

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S. TOR Point Reply Citation No. Chapter Item No. Page No. No. XIII. R&R details in respect of land in The proposed Expansion will be carried out within the - - - line with state Government policy. existing premises. There will be no additional land requirement. Hence, no Land Acquisition, Resettlement and Rehabilitation are envisaged for this project. 5. Forest and wildlife related issues (if applicable): I. Permission and approval for the Not applicable as no forest land is involve in the project. - - - use of forest land (forestry clearance), if any, and recommendations of the State Forest Department. (if applicable). II. Land use map based on High Not Applicable as no forest land is involved in the project 3 3.13 68 resolution satellite imagery (GPS) However, Land use map based on High resolution of the proposed site delineating satellite imagery (GPS) of the proposed site is detailed in the forestland (in case of projects EIA/EMP report. involving forest land more than 40 ha). III. Status of Application submitted for Not Applicable. - - - obtaining the stage I forestry clearance along with latest status shall be submitted. IV. The projects to be located within No National Park/Wild life Sanctuary within 10 km. - - - 10 km of the National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild Animals, the project proponent

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S. TOR Point Reply Citation No. Chapter Item No. Page No. No. shall submit the map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden showing these features vis-à-vis the project location and the recommendations or comments of the Chief Wildlife Warden-thereon. V. Wildlife Conservation Plan duly Not applicable as no Schedule-I species observed during - - - authenticated by the Chief Wildlife the study. Warden of the State Government for conservation of Schedule I fauna, if any exists in the study area. VI. Copy of application submitted for Not Applicable - - - clearance under the Wildlife (Protection) Act,1972, to the Standing Committee of the National Board for Wildlife 6. Environmental Status I. Determination of atmospheric The site-specific micro-meteorological data; temperature, 3 Table 3.3 43 inversion level at the project site relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and and site-specific micro- rainfall are given in the EIA/EMP report. meteorological data using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind speed and direction and rainfall.

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S. TOR Point Reply Citation No. Chapter Item No. Page No. No. II. AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8 The monitoring stations are selected based on CPCB 3 3.3.1.2 44 locations for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX, guideline and taken into account the pre-dominant wind CO and other parameters relevant direction, population zone and sensitive receptors etc. to the project shall be collected. The monitoring stations shall be based CPCB guidelines and take into account the pre-dominant wind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors including reserved forests. III. Raw data of all AAQ measurement Raw data of all AAQ measurement is detailed in EIA/EMP 3 Table 3.5 47 for 12 weeks of all stations as per report. frequency given in the NAQQM Min., Max., Average and 98 percentile values for each of Notification of Nov. 2009 along the AAQ parameters and for each location is given in the with – min., max., average and 98% EIA/EMP Report. values for each of the AAQ parameters from data of all AAQ Lab report is enclosed in the EIA/EMP Report as stations should be provided as an Annexure-3. annexure to the EIA/EMP Report. IV. Surface water quality of nearby Surface water is collected from eight locations as per 3 Table 59 River (60m upstream and CPCB/ MoEF&CC guidelines from nearby water bodies. 3.10 downstream) and other surface Ponds and Rivers within the Study Area. drains at eight locations as per Monitoring locations is given in Chapter-3, para 3.3.4, CPCB/ MoEF&CC guidelines. page 56 and Water Quality at page-60 V. Whether the site falls near to No - - - polluted stretch of river identified

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S. TOR Point Reply Citation No. Chapter Item No. Page No. No. by the CPCB/ MoEF&CC. VI. Ground water monitoring at About 8 ground water samples were collected from dug 3 Table 3.9 58 minimum 8 locations shall be wells, tube wells with in the study area to assess the included. water quality VII. Noise levels monitoring at 8 Ambient noise levels were measured using integrated 3 Table 3.6 53 locations within the study area. sound level meter at 8 locations. Results are given in the EIA/EMP Report VIII. Soil Characteristic as per CPCB Soil samples were collected from 8 sampling locations 3 Table 63 guidelines. from various land uses and geological features. Soil 3.11 Characteristic as per CPCB guidelines is detailed in EIA/EMP report. IX. Traffic study of the area, type of Traffic study of the area, type of vehicles, frequency of 3 3.3.3 53 vehicles, frequency of vehicles for vehicles, and additional traffic due to proposed project is transportation of materials, given in the EIA/EMP report. additional traffic due to proposed project, parking arrangement etc. X. Detailed description of flora and Detailed Biological Environment survey was conducted by 3 3.3.11 94 fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) Functional Area Expert of M/s Vardan Environet. existing in the study area shall be The detail of flora and fauna (Terrestrial and Aquatic) given with special reference to present in the study area is given in the EIA/EMP Report. rare, endemic and endangered species. If Schedule-I fauna are found within the study area, a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be prepared and furnished.

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S. TOR Point Reply Citation No. Chapter Item No. Page No. No. XI. Socio -economic status of the study Socio-economic survey was conducted by Functional 3 3.3.10 78 area. Area Expert (Socio-economic) of M/s Vardan Environet. The details are incorporated in the EIA/EMP Report. 7. Impact Assessment and Environment Management Plan I. Assessment of ground level The project is not located on a hilly terrain. 4 4.4.3 126 concentration of pollutants from Air quality Modeling has been done for determining the stack emission based on site- cumulative impact of all sources of emission. ISCST3 (US- specific meteorological features. In EPA approved) Dispersion Model was used to predict the case the project is located on a hilly impact of the project on air quality. terrain, the AQIP Modeling shall be The details are incorporated in EIA/EMP Report. done using inputs of the specific terrain characteristics for determining the potential impacts of the project on the AAQ. Cumulative impact of all sources of emissions (including transportation) on the AAQ of the area shall be well assessed. Details of the model used and the input data used for modeling shall also be provided. The air quality contours shall be plotted on a location map showing the location of project site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any. II. Water Quality modelling– in case, if Not applicable as the proposed project has adopted - - -

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S. TOR Point Reply Citation No. Chapter Item No. Page No. No. the effluent is proposed to be “Zero liquid effluent Discharge (ZLD)”. discharged into the local drain, then Water Quality Modelling study should be conducted for the drain water taking into consideration the upstream and downstream quality of water of the drain. III. Impact of the transport of the raw Impact of the transport of the raw materials and end 4 4.5.2 145 materials and end products on the products on the surrounding environment is given in the surrounding environment shall be EIA/EMP report. assessed and provided. In this regard, options for transport of raw materials and finished products and wastes (large quantities) by rail or rail cum road transport or conveyor-cum-rail transport shall be examined. IV. A note on treatment of wastewater Softening Plant backwash shall be treated in 4 4.6 147 from different plant operations, Neutralization Plant. Cooling Tower blow down water extent recycled and reused for along with effluent from Neutralization plant shall be different purposes shall be used for slag cooling. Septic tank along with soak pit has included. Complete scheme of been installed for the treatment of domestic waste water. effluent treatment. Characteristics Domestic effluent, if any, will be used for horticulture. of untreated and treated effluent Zero Effluent Discharge from the Plant. to meet the prescribed standards

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S. TOR Point Reply Citation No. Chapter Item No. Page No. No. of discharge under E(P) Rules. V. Details of stack emission and action Stack emission shall be from the flue gases from 4 Table 142 plan for control of emissions to Induction Furnace, Coke Oven and Mini Blast Furnace. 4.11 meet standards. Bag Filter systems have been provided for cleaning of MBF flue gas from BF Stove, flue gas from Coke Ovens. Cyclone-cum-spark arrester with Bag Filter shall be installed with Induction Furnace. Details are given in EIA/EMP Report

VI. Measures for fugitive emission • Dust suppression systems at all transfer points 4 4.4.5.4 143 control • Dust extraction with Bag Filters at Coal & Coke Crushing & Screening Plant • Pucca roads within premises, water sprinkling in dusty areas and greenbelt/plantation to arrest fugitive dust. • Water sprinkling at all dust generating points • Raw materials loading / unloading in covered shed Details are given in EIA/EMP Report VII. Details of hazardous waste Generation of ‘Used Oil’, after the proposed expansion 2 2.7.8 34 generation and their storage, shall be approx. 10 kiloliters per annum and will be sold utilization and disposal. Copies of to the registered recyclers. MOU regarding utilization of solid The hazardous waste will be stored and disposed as per and hazardous waste shall also be Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling & included. EMP shall include the Transboundary Movement) Rules 2016. concept of waste-minimization, recycle/reuse/ recover techniques,

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Energy conservation, and natural resource conservation. VIII. Proper utilization of fly ash shall be No Fly ash generated from the plant - - - ensured as per Fly Ash Notification, 2009. A detailed plan of action shall be provided. IX. Action plan for the greenbelt Greenbelt will be developed over ~33% area of the total 4 4.11 159 development in 33% area i.e. land plant area. Out of the 4.75 ha. of the plant area, about with not less than 1,500 trees per 1.57 ha. will be developed as greenbelt. Approx. 2500 ha. Giving details of species, width trees will be planted. of plantation, planning schedule Greenbelt Development Plan is given in EIA/EMP Report. etc. shall be included. The greenbelt shall be around the project boundary and a scheme for greening of the roads used for the project shall also be incorporated. X. Action plan for rainwater Rainwater Harvesting Scheme proposed at plant site to 4 4.12 161 harvesting measures at plant site harvest approx. 27,300 cum. of rainwater per year is shall be submitted to harvest given in Chapter 4 of the EIA/EMP report. rainwater from the roof tops and storm water drains to recharge the groundwater and also to use for the various activities at the project site to conserve freshwater and reduce the water requirement from other sources. XI. Total capital cost and recurring Capital cost for Pollution Control measures is Rs.223 lakhs 10 Table 233 cost/annum for environmental and recurring cost is 29 lakhs. 10.5 pollution control measures shall be included

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XII. Action plan for post-project Details for post project monitoring are incorporated in 6 6.2 170 environmental monitoring shall be EIA/EMP Report. submitted. XIII. Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural Disaster management plan is prepared and given in the 7 7.8 209 and Man-made) Preparedness and EIA/EMP Report with an aim of taking precautionary step Emergency Management Plan to control the hazard or to avert disaster. including Risk Assessment and damage control. Disaster management plan should be linked with District Disaster Management Plan. 8. Occupational health I. Plan and fund allocation to ensure Fund allocated Rs. 10 lakhs for OH&S (capital 7 Table 7.9 205 the occupational health & safety of Expenditure) all contract and casual workers. Fund allocated for OH&S monitoring is Rs.2 lakhs per 10 Table 233 year. 10.1 II. Details of exposure specific health Workers' health shall be evaluated as per pre-designed 7 7.6.1 204 status evaluation of worker. If the formats for chest X rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision workers’ health is being evaluated testing (Far & Near vision, color vision and /or any other by pre-designed format, chest x ocular defect) ECG during preplacement and periodical rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, examinations. This has been discussed in EIA/EMP Vision testing (Far & Near vision, Report. colour vision and any other ocular defect) ECG, during pre-placement and periodical examinations give the details of the same. Details regarding last month analyzed data of above mentioned parameters as per age, sex, duration of exposure

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and department wise. III. Details of existing Occupational & Details of existing Occupational & Safety hazards 7 7.6 203 Safety Hazards. What are the associated with the operation of M/s Lal ferro Alloys Co. exposure levels of hazards and Pvt. Ltd. along with their Permissible Exposure Level (PEL) whether they are within are detailed in Chapter-7 of EIA. Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If these are not within PEL, what measures the company has adopted to keep them within PEL so that health of the workers can be preserved. IV. Annual report of health status of This shall be implemented once the plant will be put into - - - workers with special reference to operation. Occupational Health and Safety 9. Corporate Environment Policy i. Does the company have a well laid Yes, the M/s Lal ferro alloys Co. Pvt. Ltd. has well laid 10 Fig 10.3 232 down Environment Policy approved down Environment Policy of the Company, approved by by its Board of Directors? If so, it the Board of Directors. may be detailed in the EIA/EMP Environment Policy is given in the EIA/EMP Report Report. ii. Does the Environment Policy Yes, the Environment Policy prescribe for SOP regarding 10 10.3 228 prescribe for standard operating reporting of any deviation/violation of the environmental process/procedures to bring into or forest norms/conditions to the Board of Directors of focus any the Company. Details are incorporated in EIA/EMP infringement/deviation/violation of Report. the environmental or forest norms/conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA. iii. What is the hierarchical system or Hierarchical system of the company is given in the 10 Fig 10.1 229

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Administrative order of the EIA/EMP Report, approved by the Board of Directors of company to deal with the the Company. environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the environmental clearance conditions? Details of this system may be given iv. Does the company have system of Yes, the company has system of reporting of non- 10 10.3 228 reporting of non- compliances/violations of environmental norms to the compliances/violations of Board of Directors of the company. environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and/or shareholders or stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism shall be detailed in the EIA/EMP Report 10. Details regarding infrastructure The following facilities will be provided in the plant: - - - facilities such as sanitation, fuel, • First aid and rest rooms restroom etc. to be provided to the • Canteen and welfare center labour force during construction as • Toilets and change rooms well as to the casual workers • Car parks and cycle/scooter stands. including truck drivers during operation phase. 11. To address the Public Hearing Rs. 12.3 Lakhs has been earmarked for the Corporate 7 7.4 188 issues, an amount as specified Environment Responsibility (CER) to meet expenditures under Ministry's Office for the commitments made to the stakeholders during Memorandum vide F.No. 22- Public Hearing and Social Impact assessment Study. 65/2017-IA.III dated 1st May 2018 amounting to Rs. 12.3 lakhs, shall be earmarked by the project

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proponent, towards Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER). Distinct CER projects shall be carved out based on the local public hearing issues. Project estimate shall be prepared based on PWD schedule of rates for each distinct Item and schedule for time bound action plan shall be prepared. These CER projects as indicated by the project proponent shall be implemented along with the main project. Implementation of such program shall be ensured by constituting a Committee comprising of the project proponent, representatives of village Panchayat & District Administration. Action taken report in this regard shall be submitted to the Ministry's Regional Office. No free distribution/donations and or free camps shall be included in the above CER budget. 12. Any litigation pending against the Yes, Annexure- - 423 project and/or any direction/order JSPCB vide letter dated on 31.07.2015 has requested, 7 passed by any Court of Law against Judicial Court, Girdih to issue notice to M/s Lal Ferro the project, if so, details thereof Alloys Co Pvt. Ltd. and case no. 63/15 was filed against shall also be included. Has the unit M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co Pvt. Ltd. u/s 37 of Air (Pollution & received any notice under the Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and u/s 44 of Water

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Section 5 of Environment (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. (Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant Sections of Air and Water Acts? If so, details thereof and compliance/ATR to the notice(s) and present status of the case 13. A tabular chart with index for point Complied wise compliance of above ToRs. 14. The ToRs prescribed shall be valid Noted for period of three years for submission of the EIA-EMP reports along with Public Hearing Proceedings The following general points shall be noted: i All documents shall be properly Noted - - - indexed, page numbered. ii Period/date of data collection shall Noted - - - be clearly indicated. iii Authenticated English translation Noted of all material in Regional - - - languages shall be provided. iv The letter/application for Noted environmental clearance shall - - - quote the MOEF&CC file No. and also attaché a copy of the letter. v The copy of the letter received Noted from the Ministry shall be also - - - attached as an annexure to the final EIA-EMP Report.

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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand TOR COMPLIANCE Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots vi The index of the final EIA-EMP Noted report must indicate the specific - - - chapter and page no. of the EIA- EMP Report. vii While preparing the EIA/EMP Noted Report, the instructions for the proponents and instructions for the consultants issued by MOEF&CC vide O.M. No. J- - - - 11013/41/2006-IA.II (I) dated 4th August, 2009, which are available on the website of this Ministry shall also be followed. viii The Consultants involved in the Noted preparation of EIA-EMP report after accreditation with Quality Council of India (QCl) / National Accreditation Board of Education and Training (NABET) would need to include a certificate in this regard in the EIA-EMP reports prepared by them and - - - data provided by other organization / Laboratories including their status of approvals etc. Name of the Consultant and the Accreditation details shall be posted on the EIA-EMP Report as well as on the cover of the Hard Copy of the Presentation

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material for EC presentation. ix ToRs' prescribed by the Expert Noted - - - Appraisal Committee (Industry) shall be considered for preparation of EIA-EMP report for the project in addition to all the relevant information as per the 'Generic Structure of EIA' given in Appendix III and IliA in the EIA Notification, 2006. Where the documents provided are in a language other than English, an English translation shall be provided. The draft EIA-EMP report shall be submitted to the State Pollution Control Board of the concerned State for conduct of Public Hearing. The SPCB shall conduct the Public Hearing/ public consultation, district-wise, as per the provisions of EIA notification, 2006. The Public Hearing shall be chaired by an Officer not below the rank of Additional District Magistrate. The issues raised in the Public Hearing and during the consultation process and the commitments made by the project proponent on the same

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shall be included separately in EIA-EMP Report in a separate chapter and summarized in a tabular chart with financial budget (capital and revenue) along with time-schedule of implementation for complying with the commitments made. The final EIA/EMP Report shall be submitted to the Ministry for obtaining environmental clearance. ADDITIONAL TERMS OF REFERENCE I. Iron ore/coal linkage documents Iron Ore will be purchased from Barajamda and Coal will along with the status of be purchased from BCCL, Jharkhand. - - - environmental clearance of iron ore and coal mines. II. Quantum of production of coal and Not applicable iron ore from coal & iron ore mines and the projects they cater to - - - Mode of transportation to the plant and its impact. III. For large ISPs, a 3-D view i.e. DEM DEM of study area is provided in EIA/EMP Report 3 Fig 3.16 71 (Digital Elevation Model) for the area in 10 km radius from the proposal site. MRL details of project site and RL of nearby sources of water shall be included. IV. Recent land-use map based on Land Use of study area is provided in EIA/EMP Report 3 Fig 3.14 69 satellite imagery. High-resolution

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satellite image data having 1m-5m spatial resolution like quick bird, Ikonos, IRS P-6 pan sharpened etc. for the 10 km radius area from proposed site. The same shall be used for land used/land -cover mapping of the area.

V. PM (PM10 and PM2.5) present in Monitoring data for PM10 and PM2.5 during the study Annexure- - 303 the ambient air must be analyzed period is provided in the Annexure-3 of EIA/EMP Report. 3 for source analysis-natural dust/RSPM generated from plant operations (trace elements) of PM10 to be carried over. VI. All stock piles will have to be on Shall be complied - - - top of a stable line to avoid leaching of materials to ground water. VII. Plan for implementation of the Given in chapter-4 4 Table 164 recommendation made for steel 4.25 plants in the CREP guidelines. VIII. Plan for slag utilization Blast Furnace Slag shall be granulated and will be sold to 4 Table 153 Cement Company. In case of Induction Furnace after 4.18 metal recovery, remaining slag will be crushed and used as aggregate in construction. IX. Plan for utilization of energy in off BF Gas after cleaning will be used for Stove Heating 2 2.6 24 gases (coke oven, blast furnace) X. System of coke quenching adopted Provided in Chapter-2 2 2.6.1 24 with justification. XI. Trace metals Mercury arsenic and Coal shall be tested for presence of mercury, once the - - -

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fluoride emissions in the raw plant is in operation material. XII. Trace metals in waste material Trace metal is Blast Furnace Slag and Induction Furnace - - - especially slag. slag will be analyzed once the plant is in operation XIII. Trace metals in water. No trace metals are found in the water quality of the Annexure- - 303 project site and its surroundings. 3 XIV. Details of proposed layout clearly Layout of plant site is provided in Chapter-2 of the 2 Fig.2.4 20 demarcating various units within EIA/EMP Report the plant. XV. Complete process flow diagram Material Balance along with process flow diagram are 2 Fig 2.7 31 describing each unit, its processes provided in Chapter-2 and operations, along with material and energy inputs & outputs (material and energy balance). XVI. Details on design and Complete manufacturing process is given in Chapter-2 of 2 2.6 24 manufacturing process for all the the EIA/EMP Report units. XVII. Details on environmentally sound No hazardous waste is generated from the project, 2 2.7.8 34 technologies for recycling of except ‘Used Oil’ which shall be sold to the Registered hazardous materials, as per CPCB Recyclers. Guidelines, may be mentioned in case of handling scrap and other recycled materials. XVIII. Details on requirement of energy Total water requirement for the Plant during operation Annexure- - 453 and water along with its source will be 160 KLD. Application has been submitted to 10 and authorization from the CGWB/CGWA vide F.No 21-4/669/JH/IND/2020 dated on concerned department. Location of 22.07.2020 to obtain permission for 160 KLD water intake and outfall points groundwater withdrawal.

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(with coordinates). The total power requirement for the Plant during Annexure- 435 operation will be 3.5 MW. Power will be sourced through 8 DVC. Permission for 0.5MW is obtained from DVC and permission for remaining 3.0 MW shall be obtained. XIX. Details on toxic metal content in The toxic content in slag will be analyzed after - - - the waste material and its commencement of operation and generation of slag. composition and end use Shall be submitted with Half Yearly Compliance Report. (particularly of slag). XX. Details on toxic content (TCLP), The toxic content in slag will be done after - - - composition and end use of slag. commencement of operation and generation of slag. Shall be submitted with Half Yearly Compliance Report

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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand CHAPTER 1 Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 INTRODUCTION ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd is an existing Pig Iron plant located at Village: Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand having production capacity of 12,000 TPA Pig Iron through 1x23m3 Mini Blast Furnace along with non-recovery type Coke Oven Plant (24 ovens) for production of 15,000 TPA Coke. Consent to Establish (NoC) for installation of the existing facilities was obtained from JSPCB vide letter No. 225 dated 25.01.2007. The existing plant area is 4.75 Ha (11.74 Acres). The project proponent has applied for Consent to Operate (CTO) on 30.12.2008. During processing of CTO the project proponent was given to understand that Environmental Clearance is required for operating Pig Iron and Coke Plant before grant of CTO. The project proponent had submitted application to MoEF&CC for grant of TOR on 19.08.2009 to conduct EIA Study for obtaining environmental clearance for the already installed plant and for the proposed 1x6 Ton Induction Furnace for production of 18,000 TPA Ingots. MoEF&CC granted TOR vide F. No. J-11011/537/2OO9-IA-II (l) to the project on 08.01.2010 for conducting the EIA study for obtaining EC. Previous ToR granted for the below mention Project configuration: Facility Capacity Production in TPA Existing Units (Already installed) Mini Blast Furnace 1x23 m3 12,000 Coke Ovens Non recovery, Top charging 15,000 24 Ovens Proposed units Induction Furnace 1x6 Tons 18,000

After Public Hearing on 22.01.2013, the project was submitted to the Ministry of Environment & Forest to obtain Environmental Clearance for the already installed and proposed units, on 30.10.2013. The project was considered in the 25th Reconstituted EAC meeting held on 13-14th October, 2014. The EAC referred the matter to the Ministry asking whether the EC application can be considered by EAC. MoEF&CC vide letter dated 9th December, 2014 communicated to M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. Pvt. Ltd. that matter shall be further considered after;

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i. Matter relating to violation is put-up to the Board of Directors of the Company or the Managing committee for consideration of environment related policy / plan of action ii. State Govt. initiate credible action Resolution passed by the Board of Directors of M/s Lal Alloys Co. Pvt. Ltd. on 9th March, 2015 that no violation under Environmental Protection (Act) shall be repeated in future and also requested to the Member Secretary, Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board (JSPCB) to take credible action against the Unit and to file a case. JSPCB vide letter dated on 31.07.2015 has requested, Judicial Court, Girdih to issue notice to M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co Pvt. Ltd. and case no. 63/15 was filed against M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co Pvt. Ltd. u/s 37 of Air (Pollution & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and u/s 44 of Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co Pvt. Ltd., vide letter dated 15.07.2016 submitted the followings to MoEF&CC: i. Copy of Credible action initiated by JSPCB ii. Resolution of Board of Directors Resolution is also taken to the effect that status quo shall be maintained. The plant has never been operated after installation. As the existing plant was installed without prior environmental clearance, the project attracts the provisions of SO 804 (E) issued by MoEF&CC dated 14.03.2017 for the projects under Violation. Hence, the company resubmitted the proposal for obtaining the environmental clearance for the already installed Pig Iron Plant (MBF 1x23m3) and Coke Plant for the production of 12,000 TPA Pig Iron and 15,000 TPA Coke, respectively, along with installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) for production of 18,000 MS Ingots (proposed). 1.2 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT The project is listed as activity 3 (a) ‘Metallurgical Industries (Ferrous & Non-ferrous)’ under Schedule of EIA Notification, 2006 and falls under category ‘A’. As per the notification, prior Environmental Clearance (EC) from Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MoEF&CC) is mandatory for installation of the project. Accordingly, application to MOEF&CC for obtaining Terms of References (TOR) under violation category for conducting EIA Study to obtain Environmental Clearance was re-submitted on 28.06.2017 along with pre-feasibility report. The Expert Appraisal Committee (Violation) deliberated the project during its 6th EAC meeting held on 20th April, 2018. TOR for the project was granted by MoEF&CC, New Delhi on 1st February, 2019 vide F.No.

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23-90/2018-IA.III(V). The project shall be appraised by the Expert Appraisal Committee (Violation) at MOEF&CC. The objective of the EIA study report is to take stock of the prevailing quality of the environment, to assess the impacts of proposed industrial activity on environment and to plan appropriate environmental control measures to minimize the adverse impacts and to maximize beneficial impacts of expansion proposed. The following major objectives have been considered:  Assess the existing status of environment  Assess the impacts due to the proposed project  Suggest pollution control and ameliorative measures to minimize impact  Prepare an action plan for implementation of suggested ameliorative measures  Suggest a monitoring program to assess the efficacy of the various adopted  Environmental control measures  Assess financial considerations for suggested environmental control plans.  Clearances from statutory authorities The purpose of this report is to assess the environmental impacts due to installation of proposed units and operation of already installed and proposed units of M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. located at village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand. 1.3 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT 1.3.1 Project The proposal is for obtaining the environmental clearance for the already installed Pig Iron Plant (MBF 1x23m3) and 24 Ovens Non-recovery Coke Oven Plant for the production of 12,000 TPA Pig Iron and 15,000 TPA Coke, respectively, along with installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) for production of 18,000 MS Ingots (proposed). The plant has never been operated after installation of the Units under violation. 1.3.2 Project Proponent The company has been promoted by a group of experienced businessmen who are presently engaged in manufacturing and trading business of various products. The following are the details of Directors:

S.No. Name & Age Experience Designation 1. Sri Chetu Sa0 38 He has more than 10 years of experience in trade and business of Coal and Coke. He is considered one of the

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S.No. Name & Age Experience Designation biggest suppliers of Coal and coke products in Giridih and clearly understands the demand and supply scenario of Coal and Coke products. 2. Sri Sumeet 28 He has over 5 years of experience in the line trade and Bagaria business since his involvement in the family business of export house of Mica in Giridih since more than 30 years in the name and style of M/s Mohan International, Promoted by Sri Kamal Pd. Bagaria. Address of the Project Proponent: Mr. CHETU SAO M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. Pvt. Ltd. Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand- 815301 Ph. No.: 9931573899 Fax: 06532-223003 Email Id: [email protected] 1.4 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF NATURE, SIZE, LOCATION OF THE PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANT TO THE COUNTRY AND REGION 1.4.1 Nature of the project The project is listed as activity 3 (a) ‘Metallurgical Industries (Ferrous & Non-ferrous)’ under Schedule of EIA Notification, 2006 and falls under category as ‘A’. 1.4.2 Size of the Project The proposed project is for production of 12,000 TPA Pig Iron, 15,000 TPA Coke and 18,000 TPA MS Ingots. The plant covers a total land area of 4.75 Ha (11.74 Acres). The Detailed configuration of already installed units and units proposed for installation is provided below in Table No. 1.1. Table 1.1: Detailed Configuration of Existing and Proposed Facilities Units under Violation Proposed Units Final Configuration Units Unit Production Unit Production Unit Production TPA TPA TPA Mini Blast Mini Blast Pig Iron Pig Iron Furnace 12,000 - - Furnace Plant 12,000 (1x23m3) (1x23m3) Coke 24 Coke 24 Coke 15,000 - - 15,000 Plant Ovens Ovens

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Units under Violation Proposed Units Final Configuration Units Unit Production Unit Production Unit Production TPA TPA TPA Induction Induction Steel Furnace MS Ingots Furnace MS Ingots Melting - - (1x6 Ton) 18000 (1x6 Ton) 18,000 Shop

1.4.3 Location of the project The project is located at Village: Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih (Jharkhand). The total area of the plant is 4.75 hectares. The proposed part of project will be installed in vacant land of the existing plant. Hence, the project does not envisage additional land for the project. The study area of the proposed expansion project is free from ecologically sensitive areas. There are no wildlife or biosphere reserves within 10 kms radius from the project site.

Fig 1.1: Digitized Map of Study area

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1.4.4 Importance of the Project To The Country and Region Pig Iron is one of the basic raw materials required by the foundry and casting industry for manufacture of various types of castings for the engineering sector. There exists a growing demand for pig iron in the international market, which has resulted in the international price of pig iron to soar up. Brazil, currently one of the major suppliers of pig iron in the world market has started to tighten the supply because of high inflation rate and severe shortage of coal. Even other suppliers like Japan and China have become buyers. This coupled with the government’s desire to export more value-added pig iron than iron ore has bettered the prospects of pig iron export. Steel is crucial to the development of any modern economy and is considered to be the backbone of the human civilization. All major industrial economies are characterized by the existence of a strong steel industry and the growth of many of these economies has been largely shaped by the strength of their steel industries in their initial stages of development.

Considering the prospects for the development for Infrastructure, construction and Industrial activity in India in the years to come, large scope exists for increased consumption of long steel products. The projections made by the Ministry of Steel in its Vision-2020 document, there is a significant domestic demand for steel in the Country. Considering the demand for steel in these sectors M/s. Lal Ferro Alloys Co. Pvt. Ltd. has planned to install Induction Furnace for the Steel production in its existing plant at Village: Biswasdih, P.O.- Gadi Srirampur, Distt. Giridih, Jharkhand.

Regional Development The region will be benefited from the project as there will be direct employment of 120 people in the plant during operation. Preference will be given to the people of the state possessing requisite skill and qualification criteria. Also there will be lot of scope for indirect employment of the people of the state in and around the project site. The plantation and other socioeconomic measures will be taken up by proponent. Overall, the inclusion of industry in the region will lead to development of the area and improve the living conditions of the people. 1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY- DETAILS OF REGULATORY SCOPING (AS PER TOR) M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd has entrusted the work to carry out the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study to M/s Vardan Environet, Gurugram and preparation of EIA Report in order to obtain Environmental Clearance.

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The proposal is for obtaining the environmental clearance for the already installed Pig Iron Plant (MBF 1x23m3) and Coke Plant for the production of 12000 TPA Pig Iron and 15000 TPA Coke respectively, along with installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) for production of 18000 MS Ingots located at village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand and is listed as activity 3 (a) (Ferrous & Non-ferrous)under Schedule of EIA Notification, 2006 and falls under category as ‘A’. The project shall be appraised at the Expert Appraisal Committee (Violation) at MOEF&CC, New Delhi seeking Environmental Clearance. 1.5.1 Terms of Reference issued by MoEF&CC The aim of the study is to establish the existing baseline environmental conditions, predict impacts of the project, suggest Environmental Management Plan and develop a post-study monitoring program. Proposal for grant of Terms of Reference (TOR) for conducting the EIA study was considered by the EAC (Industry-1) in their 6th meeting held on 20th April, 2018 and MoEF&CC has issued the TOR vide letter F. No. 23-90/2018- IA.III(V) dated 1st February 2019 for preparation of EIA Report for obtaining Environmental Clearance for the project. As per the scoping of project, it is required to submit a formal EIA Report with public hearing details for consideration of the project for grant of Environmental Clearance. The identification of impacts requires one to first describe and understand the conditions of the environment prior to the proposed activity. The baseline data has been collected for the period October 2018 to December 2018. The scope of the study includes a detailed characterization of the environment in an area of 10 Km. radius of the project site for various environmental parameters like, Air, Water, Soil and Noise, Ecological and Socio-economic aspects. 1.5.2 PREPARATION OF EIA This EIA Report is prepared in accordance with the EIA Notification, 2006 and has been divided into twelve chapters (in addition to The Executive Summary) as listed here under: Chapter 1 – Introduction Chapter 2 – Project Description Chapter 3 – Description of the Environment Chapter 4 – Anticipated Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures Chapter 5 – Analysis of Alternatives (Technology and Site) Chapter 6 – Environmental Monitoring Program

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Chapter 7 – Additional Studies Chapter 8 – Project Benefits Chapter 9 – Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis Chapter 10 – Environmental Management Plan Chapter 11 – Summary and Conclusion Chapter 12 – Assessment of the Ecological Damage, Remediation Plan and Natural and Community Resource Augmentation Plan Chapter 13 – Disclosure of Consultant

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1.5.3 LAWS APPLICABLE TO THIS PROJECT Responsible Objective of Legal Channel Action Plan Ministries/Bodies Legislation The Water (Prevention & CPCB, SPCB The prevention, control  Not to discharge any effluent, not confirming to Control of Pollution) and abatement of air standards, prescribed by JSPCB into any stream, well, Acts1974/ Rules1975 pollution sewers or land  Not to discharge air pollutant(s) in excess of The Air (Prevention & CPCB, SPCB The prevention and standards, prescribed by the SPCB Control of Pollution) control of water  Obtain ‘Consent to Establish’ prior to establish any Acts1981/ Rules1982 pollution and also maintaining or process, operation or treatment system restoring the  Obtain ‘Consent to Operate’ prior to operation of wholesomeness of system which is likely to discharge effluent water  Apply for renewal of the ‘Consent to Operate’ before the expiry  Comply with conditions as prescribed under consents The Environment MoEF&CC, CPCB, Protection and  Prevent discharge or emission of environment (Protection) Acts1986/Rules SPCB Improvement of the pollutants in excess of the prescribed standards 1986 Environment  Submit ‘Environmental Statement’ every year The Environmental Impact  Obtain prior “Environmental Clearance’ from Assessment (EIA) MoEF&CC in case of new project or for Modernisation Notification, 2006 / Expansion Hazardous and Other MoEF&CC, CPCB, Management &  It is the responsibility of the occupier to identify the Wastes (Management and SPCB, DGFT Handling of hazardous hazardous wastes in their units and ensure proper Transboundary Movement) wastes in line with the handling and disposal. Rules, 2016 Basel convention  Company to take all steps to contain contamination, prevent accident and limit consequences on human being and environment

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Responsible Objective of Legal Channel Action Plan Ministries/Bodies Legislation  Obtain authorization from JSPCB and comply with the conditions.  Maintain records of Hazardous Waste generated in Form-3 and submit yearly return for generation, treatment, recycling, disposal etc., to SPCB in Form-4  Used Oil to be send / sold to the registered recycler, re-processor, registered authorized facility  Shall be transported in accordance with the rule.  Site storage is allowed for 90 days only Factories Act, 1948 (as Ministry of Control of workplace  Obtain and renew factory license and obtain amended till 1987) Labour, DGFASLI environment, and permission for the site from State Government or the and Directorate providing for good Chief Inspector of Factories in case of new or of Industrial health and safety of extension of any Factory. Safety and workers  Ensure health, safety and welfare of all workers while Health/Factories they are at work in the Factory as far as reasonably Inspectorate practicable.  Ensure effective and adequate ventilation of work place and adequate measures to be taken to protect workers particularly in the processes involving excessive temperature.  Ensure effective and adequate ventilation of work place and adequate measures to be taken to protect workers particularly in the processes involving excessive temperature. The Central Motor Vehicle Ministry of To consolidate and  Ensure compliance to safety provisions in the Rules, 1989 Shipping, Road amend the law relating transport vehicle carrying dangerous and hazardous

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Responsible Objective of Legal Channel Action Plan Ministries/Bodies Legislation Transport and to motor vehicles substances inside works Highways including to regulate  Display of emergency information panels at front, the transportation of back and both side of vehicle dangerous goods with  Every transporter to ensure safe transportation of a view to prevent loss dangerous/ hazardous goods. of life or damage to the  Earthing chain for grounding, any prevalent static environment charge.  All motor vehicle entering the works shall have properly maintained brakes, lights, signal system for brakes, blinkers and registration number displayed, and valid Pollution under Control Certificate. The Solid Waste CPCB, SPCB To manage/ utilize the  Segregate waste in to three streams, Wet Management Rules, 2016 generated solid waste (Biodegradable), Dry (Plastic, Paper, metal, wood, without damaging the etc.) and domestic hazardous wastes (diapers, environment and napkins, empty containers of cleaning agents, surroundings mosquito repellents, etc.) and handover segregated wastes to authorized rag-pickers or waste collectors or local bodies. The Fly ash Notification, State/District To reuse the fly ash  At least 20% of dry ESP fly ash shall be made available 1999 as amended in 2016 Board generated from the free of charge to units manufacturing fly ash or clay- industry for other fly ash bricks, blocks and tiles on a priority basis over

purposes other users and if the demand from such agencies falls short of 20% of quantity, the balance quantity can be sold or disposed of by the power station as may be possible’  Ensure 100% utilisation of Fly-ash

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Responsible Objective of Legal Channel Action Plan Ministries/Bodies Legislation Noise Pollution (Regulation CPCB, SPCB, To maintain the noise  Noise Quality Monitoring & submission of reports on and Control) Rules, 2000 MoEF&CC levels with respect to weekly/monthly basis. and its amendments the place/equipment/  Providing Ear plugs and Muffs to the workers working industry in noise prone areas.  Dampening the source noise level or making the noise characteristics less annoying by providing suitable enclosures and barriers.

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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand CHAPTER 2 Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) of capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 PROJECT ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of DESCRIPTION 18000 TPA MS Ingots

CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 THE PROJECT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. is an existing plant at Village: Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand, having Pig Iron Plant and Coke Plant which were installed in 2007 after obtaining Consent to Establish from JSPCB. The project was considered under violation since the units were installed without environment clearance. The company now seeks to obtain the environmental clearance for the already installed Pig Iron Plant (Mini BF 1x23m3) and Coke Plant (24 Non-Recovery Type Ovens) for the production of 12,000 TPA Pig Iron and 15,000 TPA Coke, respectively, along with the installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) for production of 18000 MS Ingots under proposed expansion. The plant has never been operated after installation. The plant covers a total land area of 4.75 Ha. The project is listed as activity 3 (a) ‘Metallurgical Industries (Ferrous & Non-ferrous)’ under Schedule of EIA Notification, 2006 and falls under category as ‘A’. TOR for the project was granted by MoEF&CC on 1st February, 2019 vide F.No. 23-90/2018-IA.III(V) on recommendation of EAC (Violation). The project shall be appraised by the Expert Appraisal Committee (Violation) at MOEF&CC. 2.2 NEED & JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT Over the last few years, there has been a great change in the Indian Economic Scenario due to Global slowdown which affected the whole world including India. The major sector which took the toll was Steel & Power Sector where huge investments were made by both Financial Institutions & Private Equity Promoters. Considering the prospects for the development for Infrastructure, construction and Industrial activity in India in the years to come, large scope exists for increased consumption of long steel products. The projections made by the Ministry of Steel in its Vision-2020 document, there is a significant domestic demand for steel in the Country. Also, management of Lal Ferro Alloys Company Private Limited has realized that for its business to survive, the Company has to add downstream facilities like Induction furnace for production of value added products. The finished product produced will be sold in the Steel Markets of Major cities within the state or outside the states. The products will be consumed in the country itself. 2.3 LOCATION OF PROJECT (MAPS SHOWING GENERAL LOCATION, SPECIFIC LOCATIONS, PROJECT BOUNDARY AND PROJECT SITE LAYOUT) 2.3.1 Project Location The project is located at Village: Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih (Jharkhand). The proposed Induction furnace will be installed within the existing plant

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premises. No additional land will be required. No forest land is involved in the project site. The transportation infrastructure is already available and is well maintained in the existing area. The site is well connected with SH-13 which is at a distance of 1.5 km in NE direction and which further connects to NH-114A. The nearest railway station is Giridih which is 4.8 km in NW direction. Nearest town is also Giridih. Educational, Medical and Commercial facilities are already available at Giridih. The site is surrounded by many industries. The location map, Topographic map, Google earth image are shown in Fig. 2.1, 2.2 and 2.3 respectively. The salient features are mentioned below in Table No. 2.1. Table 2.1: Salient feature of the Proposed Project

S. Particulars Details No. 1 Village, District and State Village : Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur Dist. Giridih, Jharkhand 2 Latitude 240 08’ 34” N 3 Longitude 860 19’ 51” E 4 Altitude 281 m above MSL 5 Toposheet 72L/8 & 72L/4 6 Seismicity Area falls under least affected earthquakes zone III 7 Present land use Industrial 8 Climatic condition Ambient Air temp 10o C to 37o C 9 Nearest Highway/State State Highway-13 : 1.5 km. in NE direction High Way 10 Nearest Town Giridih - 4.8 Km NW 11 Nearest Police Station Giridih- 4.8 km NW 12 Nearest Post office Giridih- 4.8 km NW 13 Nearest River Usri Nadi : 4.1 Km E, Barakar River : 8 Km SW 14 Nearest Railway station Giridih - 4.83 km, NW 15 Monuments/Religious Shiv Mandir 4.5 km, NW Places 16 Nearest School Carmel convent school, 7 km in NW Sir JC Bose college, 5.8 km in NW 17 Nearest Medical General Hospital at Giridih 4.5 km, NW 18 Nearest airport Birsa Munda Airport at 137 Km in SW 19 Inland, coastal, marine There are no coastal or marine water near the site. 20 Sanctuaries /National Nil within 10 kms. Parks/ Biospheres, etc. 21 Defense Installations Nil

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S. Particulars Details No. 22 Reserve Forest/ Protected No Reserved Forest within 10 km study area. Forest However, some patches of the Protected Forest (PF) are present within 10 km (Nearest is Birangadda PF at distance of 2.6km in SE direction) 23 Total Land Area 4.75 Ha. 24 Total Water Requirement 160 KLD Source: Ground water (bore well) Application has been submitted to CGWB/CGWA vide F.No. 21-4/669/JH/IND/2020 dated on 22.07.2020 to obtain permission for 160 KLD groundwater withdrawals. 25 Total Power Requirement 3.5 MVA sourced through DVC. Power permission for 0.5 MVA is already available from DVC and for the remaining 3MVA permission from DVC shall be obtained. 26 Manpower Requirement 120 27 Total capital cost Rs. 11.47 Crores 2.3.2 Plant Layout A preliminary plant general layout has been developed giving due consideration to the land configuration and logistics of receipt and dispatch materials. The plant layout was designed keeping in view all the technical and economic aspects of the company. The proposed plant layout is shown in Fig.2.4. The major considerations which have influenced the development of the plant general layout are described below:  The disposition of main production units has been made in such a way that ensures smooth and unidirectional flow of materials through the process line.  Optimization of movement from the raw material stage to the finished product.  Logistics for receipt of raw materials dispatch of product and in-plant transportation.  Identifying 33% of the total acquired land area as greenbelt/ landscaping. 2.3.3 List of Industries The proposed project is located in the industrialized area of Giridih district. Many industries are in the vicinity of the project site. The details of such industries are furnished below. List of Industries Location Distance Direction Product (km) Atibir Industries Co. Gadi Srirampur 0.5 N Integrated Steel Plant Pvt. Ltd. Saluja Steel Gadi Srirampur 0.5 N Integrated Steel Plant

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List of Industries Location Distance Direction Product (km) Bishwanath Ferro Baniadih 1.5 E Ferro alloys Alloys Ltd. Swati Concast Ltd. Mohanpur 2.0 NE Coke plant Ganpati Wire Raidih 2.1 NW Wire industry Industries Shivam Iron and Jambad 2.6 NE Integrated Steel Plant Steel Pvt. Ltd. The baseline data is representative on the cumulative contributions of these industries to the environmental impact in the study area. Also the condition of roads in the colliery area is not up to mark and contribute to the emission due to re-entrainment of dust and low fuel efficiency for the vehicles.

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Fig 2.1: Map Showing Location of Project Site

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Fig 2.2: Topographic Map of 10 km radius of Project Site

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Fig 2.3: Google Image of Project site

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Fig 2.4: Layout Map of Project Site

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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT CHAPTER 2 M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) with capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 PROJECT ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with manufacturing capacity DESCRIPTION of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

2.4 SIZE AND MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION Total land requirement for the existing and proposed expansion shall be 4.75 ha. Details of project configuration are given below: Table 2.2: Details of Existing and Proposed Facilities Units under Violation Proposed Unit Final Configuration Units Unit Production Unit Production Unit Production TPA TPA TPA Mini Blast Mini Blast Pig Iron Furnace Pig Iron 12000 - - Furnace Plant (1x23m3) 12000 (1x23m3)

Non- 2x12 Recovery 15000 - - 2x12 Ovens 15000 Ovens Coke Plant Induction Induction Steel Furnace MS Ingots Furnace MS Ingots Melting - - (1x6 Ton) 18000 (1x6 Ton) 18000 Shop

2.5 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION 2.5.1 Schedule for Approval of the Project Timeline of activities completed up to date: 28.06.2017 : Submission of Form-1/PFR 01.02.2019 : TOR issued from MOEF 08.10.2019 : Draft EIA submitted to Client 05.11.2019 : Draft EIA submitted for Public Hearing to JSPCB 23.01.2020 : Public Hearing conducted by JSPCB Tentative timeline/schedule of activities to be done in future: July 2020 : Submission of Final EIA to the Client July 2020 : Submission of Final EIA to MoEF&CC for EC August 2020 : Consideration of Project by EAC (Violation) The implementation of the project will be taken up after receipt of Consent to Established from Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board (JSPCB) and Environmental clearance from the Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MOEF&CC). 2.5.2 Schedule for implementation of the Project Implementation schedule of the proposed project is 24 months. “Zero date” for a project is generally reckoned as the date when all statutory clearances shall be obtained. M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd has existing plant of Pig Iron Plant and Coke Plant. Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 21 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

The major activities involved in the implementation and construction of the projects shown in the form of a Bar Chart has been developed on the basis of the estimated quantum of Civil and Structural Works to be executed at site, expected delivery schedule of the various equipment proposed to be installed and expected time period for the erection, testing and commissioning of equipment. Based on the consideration that pre-project activities are accomplished prior to the award of the main machinery order, implementation schedule is given below for various units to be installed. The company has initiated to get clearance from the statutory bodies. The consent required under Air, Water Acts will be obtained from JSPCB. Table 2.3: Project Implementation Schedule Particulars Start Completion time Civil Works Zero date 04 months Placement of Orders 1 months 06 months Fabrication 2 months 14-16 months Erection and Installation 8 months 20-22 months Trial Production 23 months Commercial Production 24 months

Implementation Strategy Typically, project has four core dimensions viz;  Engineering: this directly impacts the smooth operations of the plant over its entire life.  Procurement: is critical on account of the impact that it has on investment and performance benchmarks and also in ensuring the choice of appropriate technology.  Construction: is critical in terms of its impact on completion quality and duration of the project phase.  Project Management: Other than its obvious impact on project time it also contributes to risk management for the promoter.

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Project Implementation Schedule S.No Activity Months 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1.0 PRE-IMPLEMENTATION ACTIVITIES 1.1 Appointment of Consultants 1.2 Basic Engineering, obtaining of offers for Major Equipment & Preparation of TEFR 1.3 Study of Report by the management & ‘Go- Ahead Signal 1.4 Site Survey & Soil Investigation 1.5 Floating of enquiries for main plant & machinery 1.6 Finalization of Plant Layout 2.0 PROCUREMENT OF PLANT & MACHINERY 2.1 Receipt of offers 2.2 Offer analysis & Ordering 2.3 Manufacturing 2.4 Transport to site 2.5 Erection of Equipment 3.0 PROCUREMENT OF EQUIPMENT FOR MISC. FIXED ASSETS 3.1 Ordering 3.2 Manufacturing 3.3 Transport to site 3.4 Erection of Equipment 4.0 CIVIL & STRUCTURAL WORKS 4.1 Design 4.2 Construction 5.0 Cold Trial of Equipment 6.0 Hot Trials and Commissioning

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2.6 TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION 2.6.1 Existing Units (Under Violation) Coke Oven Plant The coke making process involves carbonization of coal to high temperatures in an oxygen deficient atmosphere. The commercial coke making process can be broken into two categories: a) By-product Coke making b) Non-recovery / Heat Recovery Coke making (Non-Recovery Coke ovens) The process used by M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. for Coke production is through Non-recovery type Coke Ovens with 24 coke ovens for production of 15,000 Ton Coke annually. The Non-Recovery type Coke Ovens are constructed in the form of two batteries of 12 Ovens, each. Coke making through non-recovery technology, due to its inherent features of carbonisation at negative pressure and complete burning of all hydrocarbons with large excess air, has got the distinct advantages over conventional coke ovens in respect of pollution control. The process of manufacturing coke in Improved Non-recovery Coke Ovens can be broadly classified in three sections i.e. (i) coal handling, (ii) charging, carbonizing and discharging, (iii) product disposal. Coal handling and Preparation This process involves (a) Coal unloading and blending in pits (when required) (b) Picking and sorting of the foreign materials, shale, stone etc. (c) Crushing (d) feeding and charging. The coal from mines is to be transported by road, and is unloaded in the factory raw materials stockyard. After unloading at the stockyard manual screening and picking up of extraneous materials is done. The hand picket de-shaled coal of around –75 mm is then crushed to 100% through 1 mm to 3 mm by suitable crushers. The crushed coal falls directly into the coal tubs placed below the crusher. When coals of different sources are to be used, then coals of different sources will be blended at the required proportions and then fed into the crusher. The coal tubs can move on rail trucks laid on the oven top for charging the ovens. The empty tubs after charging are brought back to the crusher for further loading of coal. The mixed coal is then transported from the pit to the oven top. The same is lifted by conveyer belts and fed into trolley, which moves over rail track on the oven top. Feeding-Charging-Leveling: Coke oven are individual coking chamber made of silica brick walls. A series of adjacent coke ovens, sharing coal charging and Chimney and waste product control equipment Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 24 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

are termed as coke battery. The Pusher Cars filled with coal (levelled mechanically) is pushed inside the ovens for coking Carbonization After nearly all the coal has been dropped into an oven, a pusher machine extends a large steel ram to level the coal within the oven to a height that provides a space above the bed of coal to allow for the collection of gases emitted during the coking process. The ovens are initially brought up to the required temperature by heating with coal. The ovens, which are in continuous operation, attain the temperature required for carbonization. The coal charge instantly gets fired with the release of volatile material and the process of carbonization continues. A plastic layer is formed, which moves slowly as carbonization process towards the center of the oven. The gases and primary tar vapors evolved by decomposition of the coal substance in the plastic zone and semi coke residue travel outward. Because of the resistance of the plastic layer to the passage of gases, the travel is outward rather than inward. The coking process takes between 48 – 50 hours depending upon (a) The type of Coal used (b) The air flow of the ovens (c) The quantity and the height of the charge and (d) the quality of finished product required. At the end of the process time red-hot coke mass is left inside the oven. The contents are checked up from time to time and when carbonization is complete, the oven door is opened and the pusher car is pushed to the other side, from the side it was pushed in. A coke guide on the coke side directs the coke across a bench and into a 'quench car.' The coke lumps are then quenched with cold-water hose. The water used for quenching etc. will be drained into a central tank and after settling the water can be reused for quenching and the coke breeze carried over by water will be settled down and can be collected in few days’ interval. After the coke mass is cooled down the coke available in lumpy size is sent to the crusher where the same is crushed into specific sizes as per requirement. The gases driven from the coal during coking are carried away from the oven through refractory-lined standpipes connected to a 'collecting main,' which runs the length of a battery. Preparing Coke for Use After quenching, the temperature of coke is about 150o to 200oC. The quench car dumps the coke onto a coke wharf, which feeds the coke onto conveyer belts that transport it to a coke screening station. After screening BF Grade Coke will be send to the Blast Furnace. Coke breeze and Nut Coke will be sold in the market. The screening station is a processing point that either diverts the coke to a truck 'load- out' bin or sends it to be separated according to size. The load-out bin holds the coke for dump trucks to transport it to storage piles. Coke is fed onto a single-deck scalping screen where large pieces of coke are separated for crushing before re-joining the smaller coke for screening.

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Fig 2.5: A typical flow-scheme of Non Recovery Type Coke Oven plant Pig Iron Plant The Capacity of the already installed Mini Blast Furnace is 1x23 m³ (40TPD), with annual production of 12,000 TPA pig iron considering working days as 300 in a year. The Blast Furnace is of regenerative type stoves for pre-heating the blast air to and operated with high top pressure by throttling the exhaust gases. The specific details related to Blast Furnace are shown in the following table: Table 2.4: MBF Basic Parameters

Unit Installed Capacity Working Days Production Blast Furnace 1x23 m3 = 40 TPD 300 12,000 TPA Water Make Up Water 300 73 KLD Requirement Raw Materials Raw Material Size (mm) Quantity (Tons /Annum) Requirement Lump Iron Ore 10-30 19200 Coke 10-20 & 20-40 9000 Dolomite 10-30 1200 Lime Stone 10-30 1500 Manganese ore 10-20 480 Pig Casting Machine One pig casting machine has been provided to cast the hot metal. This machine is placed at the end of the cast house. Hot metal after tapping is being received in a hot metal ladle through hot metal runners. At the end of the tapping, an EOT crane lift the ladle and pour the hot metal into the pig casting machine through refractory lined trough. The pig casting machine is of strand type. The weight of each pig is around 10 Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 26 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

kg for ease of handling. From the machine, the pigs are being collected directly in a pig handling truck, placed below the pig casting machine. The located pig handling truck is being taken out to storage/dispatch area after weighment in the weigh bridge. A lime slurry preparation unit including lime vat, lime slurry agitator and lime spray pumps has been provided for coating the moulds with lime. The blast furnace diagram is depicted in Fig.2.5.

Fig 2.6: Blast Furnace Process Flow Gas Cleaning System Gas from the furnace top will first enter a dust catcher and then the Cyclone Separator where most to the coarse particles get settled. Dry method of gas cleaning which is ideally suited to the small blast furnace up to 23m³, is installed. This reduces the water consumption in the furnace, which is a vital parameter. The gas is passed through bag filters which ensure almost 99.9% cleaning of the gas all the time. The system is simple and easy to operate and also economical due to reduced power and water requirements. This system is also highly environmental friendly. One flare Stacks has been provided. Any surplus gas available after plant use is let-out through the flare stack and burnt during emergency. 2.6.2 Proposed Units Induction Furnace Induction furnace of capacity 6T for producing approx. 63 Tons of liquid steel per day has been proposed to install within existing premises. The steel melting shop will have complete facilities right from receiving and processing yard for Raw Materials, Charging Bays, Furnace Transformer, Cooling towers, DM Plant, Softening Plant, EOT Cranes,

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Storage Yards, Conveyor Systems for feeding, bin weighing system, Ladle heater, Compressor, Pumps, Electrical Power and Control System, etc. The production plan of the steel melting shop is based on production of 18,000 tons of ingots per year. The equivalent liquid steel production will be of the order of 18,900 tons per year providing yield loss of about 4% per ladle, tundish and casting. The induction furnace capacity for expansion is shown in Table 2.5. Table 2.5: Production Capacity of SMS

Description Unit Capacity Ingot Production (Yield 96 %) Tons/yr 18,000 Liquid Steel Production Tons/yr 18,900 Operating Days Days/yr 300 Liquid steel Tons/day 63 Tap-to-tap time Min 120 – 130 No. of Heats Per day 10 – 11 Furnace capacity Tons 1x6 Ton

In Induction Furnace, Steel Scrap & Pig are melted and converted into high quality steel by using induction heating. Scrap will be charged into the crucibles for generating the hot heel. Once the molten bath has been formed and the minimum temperature of the bath has been achieved, pig iron will be charged continuously through Vibro-feeder and the slag formed will be removed periodically. After the completion of charging and melting, a sample will be drawn to determine the composition of the bath. After achieving the desired melt analysis, the temperature will be raised to the tapping temperature and furnace is tapped rapidly into preheated ladle. Table 2.6: Description of Steel Melting Shop

MS Ingots Once the furnace contains the full capacity of molten steel (1600 – 1650 °C); slag is manually skimmed off from the top. The slag is skimmed into a slag pot kept near the mouth of the furnace on the furnace platform. Next the hydraulic tilting device is actuated and liquid metal from the ladle is discharged in there factory lined central pouring trumpet, which then flows through the bottom plate runners and comes up through bottom hole of the ingot moulds. Two sets of Ingot moulds are usually kept, where one cools till then the other is prepared etc. for the next pouring. The proposal is for production of 18,000 TPA MS Ingots. 2.7 PROJECT DETAILS 2.7.1 Raw Material Requirement The basic raw materials required are iron ore, coal, limestone, dolomite, manganese ore, sponge iron and scrap. The raw materials and their annual requirement along with the source of the raw materials for the violating as well as proposed units shall be as follows: Table 2.7: Raw Material Requirement for the Existing and Proposed Units

Sl. Raw Specific Requirement Source Transportation No. Material Consumption Per Year Distance/Mode Pig Iron Unit – 12,000 TPA (Unit under Violation) Total 237 kms; By Rail upto Railway 1. Iron Ore 1.6 19200 Barajamda Siding at Giridih, from there by road to the site 2. Coke 0.75 9000 In house - Jigme mining 3. Dolomite 0.1 1200 Corporation By Road Ltd. 120 kms; 4. Lime Stone 0.125 1500 Patratu By road to site Manganese 5. 0.04 480 Local market By Road Ore Total 2.615 31380 Coke Oven Plant (Unit under Violation) – 15,000 TPA BCCL, 50 kms; 1. Coal 1.25 18750 Jharkhand By Road to site Induction Furnace (Proposed Unit) – 18,900 TPA 1. Pig Iron 0.635 12000 In House -

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Sl. Raw Specific Requirement Source Transportation No. Material Consumption Per Year Distance/Mode 2. Sponge Iron 0.476 9000 Local market By Road 3. Scrap 0.114 2160 Local market By road Total 1.225 23160 Ingot Mould Casting (Proposed Unit) – 18000 TPA 1. Liquid Steel 1.05 18900 In house -

Transportation of Raw Material Major transportation is of Iron ore and coal which will be done by road. Project site is located at a distance of 4.5 km from Giridih railway siding. Transportation of iron ore by railway wagon racks will be done through Giridih Railway Station. Project site is surrounded by a good number of industrial units of Sponge iron and Induction furnaces, which are already operating successfully with the transportation facilities.

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Fig 2.7: Material balance for Steel Production Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 31 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

2.7.2 Water Requirement Water is most important raw material required for any Steel Plant. The plant requires industrial water on continuous basis for cooling purposes and to meet the process needs. Potable water is required for plant personnel. In order to minimize consumption of fresh water from the source, industrial water will be recycled after cooling and suitable treatment. Make up water will be added to compensate for the losses in recirculation system. Total water requirement for units under violation as well as proposed units will be 160 KLD. Requirement will be met from Bore wells. Individual water storage tanks are constructed for individual units. Application has been submitted to CGWB/CGWA vide F.No. 21-4/669/JH/IND/2020 dated on 22.07.2020 to obtain permission for 160 KLD groundwater withdrawals. Overall water balance diagram is given in Figure 2.8. The industry has adopted recirculating systems which permit reuse of cooling water. Necessary treatment facilities are provided for ensuring the requisite quality. Table 2.8: Water Requirement for Existing and Proposed Units Water Requirement(m3/day) Unit Existing Total Make-up Expansion (Violating Units) water requirement Blast Furnace 73 -- 73 Coke Ovens 30 -- 30 SMS – Induction Furnace 5 50 50 Domestic Use 5 2 7 Total 108 52 160

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2.7.3 Power Requirement The total power requirement for the units under violation as well as proposed unit will be 3.5 MVA. Power permission of 0.5 MVA is obtained from DVC (Attached as Annexure-8) and permission for the remaining 3.0 MVA power requirement will be obtained from DVC. Table 2.9: Power Requirement for Existing & Proposed Units Unit For Existing For Proposed Total (MVA) (Violating) Units Units (MVA) (MVA) Blat Furnace 1.0 -- 1.0 Coke Oven plant 0.5 --- 0.5 SMS- Induction Furnace --- 2.0 2.0 Total 1.5 2.0 3.5 2.7.4 Manpower Requirement During the construction phase local labor will be deployed temporarily and an average of about 40-50 number of workers will be employed. The total estimated manpower requirement during the operation of units under violation as well as proposed units shall be 120, inclusive of managerial, supervisory, administrative, skilled /unskilled workers, and security staff. As there are several other steel plants existing nearby, company does not envisage any difficulty in availability of adequate man power. Preference will be given to locals as per the skills required, hereby improving the socio economic status of the region. Training would also be provided by the consultant. In addition to direct employment proposed project will generate numbers of indirect job opportunities on local and regional basis. Indirectly arising employment due to this project will be around 600 nos. involved in supply of raw material, disposal or sale of finished goods, handling of raw material etc. 2.7.5 Land Requirement & Land Use The total plant area is 4.75 Hectare. The proposed unit shall be installed within the existing plant area. No additional land shall be procured for the expansion. Internal roads and green belt will be development as per the norms. The probable land use is given in table below: Table 2.10: Land Use Break-up of Plant Area

Area for Existing Area for Proposed Total Area S. No. Type of use Units (Ha.) Units (Ha.) (ha.) 1. Plant Area 1.13 0.7 1.83 2. Raw Material Storage 0.54 - 0.54 3. Road & Infrastructure 0.74 - 0.74

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Area for Existing Area for Proposed Total Area S. No. Type of use Units (Ha.) Units (Ha.) (ha.) 4. Green belt 1.57 - 1.57 5. Office & Stores 0.07 - 0.07 6. Vacant Land 0.7 - - Total Land Area 4.75 0.7 4.75 2.7.6 Cost Estimate of the Project Total project cost for the units under violation and proposed units will be Rs. 11.47 Crores. 2.7.7 Greenbelt Development Greenbelt will be developed over ~33% area of the total plant area. Out of the 4.75 ha of the plant area, about 1.57 ha will be developed as greenbelt. This greenbelt will serve as a buffer between the peripheries and the industry, there by controlling the air emissions and noise levels. Indigenous trees will be planted in three tire system. Detailed greenbelt development plan is given in the Chapter 4 of EIA report. 2.7.8 Solid Waste Generation and Management Estimation of quantity of solid waste generation from units under violation as well as proposed, appropriate disposal and utilization program is provided in table below: Table 2.11: Details of Solid Waste Generation, Handling and Utilization Unit Type of Waste Generation TPA Mode Of Disposal Units under Violation Blast Furnace 4,200 Shall be granulated and will be sold Mini Blast Slag to Cement Company. Furnace 180 Will be sold to nearby Sinter/Pallet Flue Dust Plant Coke Oven Coke fines from 3,000 Shall be sold to the nearby Sinter Quench Pond plant Total (Violation Units) 7,380 Proposed Units After metal recovery, remaining slag Induction 2,520 will be crushed and used as Steel Melting Furnace Slag aggregate in construction Shop Will be sold to nearby Sinter/Pallet Bag Filter Dust 540 Plant Ingot Mould Scales 900 Will be sold to nearby Sinter Plant casting Total (Proposed Units) 3,960 Total (Violation + Proposed) 11,340

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Hazardous waste: No hazardous waste shall be generated from the existing as well as proposed plant process, except the ‘used oil’. Approx. quantity of ‘Used Oil’ generated will be 10 Kl per year which will be sold to registered recycler. The hazardous waste generated will be collected, handled, stored and disposed as per Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling & Trans boundary Movement) Rules 2016 amended till date. 2.8 DESCRIPTION OF MITIGATION MEASURE INCORPORATED IN TO THE PROJECT TO MEET ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARD, ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING CONDITIONS OR OTHER EIA REQUIREMENTS Mitigation Measures for Pollution Control for the existing and proposed units are given below in Table 2.12. Table 2.12: Mitigation Measures for Pollution Control in Existing and Proposed Units

Location Mitigation Measures for Pollution Control

Air Pollution Control

MBF (Under Violation) Dust collector, Cyclone with Bag Filter system

Coke Plant (Under Violation) Dust Extraction system with Bag Filter

Induction Furnace Plant (Proposed) Cyclone-cum-spark arrester along with Pulse Jet Bag Filter system

Raw Material & Product Handling Covered sheds (Violations + Proposed) Closed conveyor Dry fog dust suppression at dust prone areas.

Water Pollution Control  Cooling Tower and quenching pond blow (Violations + Proposed) down water shall be used for dust suppression and plantation.  Softening plant blow down water shall be treated in Neutralization Plant and waste water generated shall be used for slag cooling.  Zero Effluent Discharge from the Plant  Complete recycle and re-use of water

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2.9 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT IMPACTS Production of Pig iron, coke and steel has a number of impacts on the environment, including air emissions (CO, SOx, NOx, PM), Noise pollution, wastewater contaminants and Land contamination due to solid wastes disposal. The major environmental impacts from the project are: Emissions to air Due to installed Mini Blast Furnace, Coke Oven and proposed Induction Furnace facility, there will be impact on environment due to air emissions (primary and secondary). Impact on air pollution during operation phase has been predicted and mitigation measures have been discussed in Chapter-4, to keep the impact on the environment low. Impact on environment may be marginally increased due to transportation of raw materials and finished products. Ambient Air Monitoring station has been shall be selected on the transport route where traffic density is more. Water pollution Neutralization Plant shall be installed for treatment of waste water from Softening Plant. Waste water from Neutralization Pit and cooling towers shall be used for slag cooling and dust suppression. Zero Effluent Discharge from the Plant will be maintained. Proper management plan has been discussed in the Chapter-4 of the EIA. Noise pollution Industrial noise is complex and varies with the design, direction of movement of working parts and the method of mounting machines. Noise generating sources are Rotating equipment like Fans, Feed Water Pumps, DG Set, Compressor etc. Suitable management plan has been discussed in Chapter-4. Solid Waste generation The solid waste generated from the industry mainly consists of IF slag, MBF Slag, scales and dust collected from air pollution control devices. If these wastes are not used or disposed-off suitably, will have impact on environment. Suitable solid waste management plan has been developed and discussed in Chapter-4. Ecology and Bio-diversity No Reserve Forest is falling within 10 km. radius of the plant site. Only few protected forest are present in buffer zone of the project site (with Birangadda PF at 2.6km distance in SE direction). No forest land has been used for the project or for any other allied purpose including approach road. No Schedule-1 flora or fauna present in the study area.

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2.10 SALEABLE PRODUCTS / BY-PRODUCTS Followings are the saleable products and their approx. quantities: MS Ingot – 18,000 Tons per annum Coke Breeze – 2,000 Tons per annum Nut Coke – 4,000 Tons per annum

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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand CHAPTER 3 Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) of capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 DESCRIPTION OF ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of THE ENVIRONEMENT 18000 TPA MS Ingots

CHAPTER 3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.0 INTRODUCTION This chapter illustrates the description of the existing environmental status of the study area with reference to the major environmental attributes. The existing environmental setting is considered to establish the baseline conditions which are described with respect to physical environment, air environment, water environment, noise environment, traffic pattern and density, land environment, biological environment and socio-economic conditions. The monitoring of environmental parameters has been conducted within the core zone and buffer zone (10 km radial distance) from project site at Village: Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih (Jharkhand), in accordance with the guidelines issued by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, CPCB, and SPCB during the study period (Oct-Dec 2018). Baseline Environmental status in and around the M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. depicts the existing quality of Air, Noise, Water, Soil, Ecology & Biodiversity and Socio-economic environment. Based on the baseline data, environmental impact assessment is carried out and Environmental Management Plan is prepared. This baseline environmental study reveals information on existing environmental scenario.  Delineation of project site and study area.  Delineation of the environmental components and methodology  Delineation of study period.  Delineation of the location of the Plant and description of its surroundings based on secondary data. After delineation of the above for the present case the following studies were conducted:  Baseline data generation/establishment of baseline for different environmental components  Baseline status of the existing plant site operating facilities.  Traffic density at the inter-phase of project site and study area 3.1 STUDY AREA Studies of various environmental parameters have been done within 10 km radius area of the proposed project site. The impact identification always commences with the collection of baseline data such as Ambient Air Quality, Micro-Meteorology, Ground and Surface Water Quality, Noise levels, Soil Quality, Land use pattern, Biological Environment and Socio-economic aspects, Solid and Hazardous waste,

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Risk Assessment, Geology and Hydrology within the study zone of 10 km. radius. 3.2 STUDY PERIOD The baseline environmental study has been done for the period of October to December 2018 by M/s. Vardan Envirolab, Gurgaon, NABL Accredited Lab, and Certificate No. TC-6299 (Certificate enclosed in Chapter-13) in accordance with the Guidelines for EIA issued by the Ministry of Environment Forests and Climate Change, Govt. of India and CPCB, New Delhi. Secondary data also collected from different sources. 3.2.1 Components & Methodology The data was collected from both primary and secondary sources. The baseline information on micro-meteorology, ambient air quality, water quality, noise levels, soil quality and floristic descriptions are largely drawn from the data generated by M/s Vardan Enviro Lab, Gurgaon (NABL Accredited Lab). Long term meteorological data recorded at the nearest IMD station, Dumka, Jharkhand (90 km from project site) was also collected. Micrometeorological data at site was recorded using automatic weather station. Apart from these, secondary data have been collected from Census Handbook, Revenue Records, Statistical Department, Soil Survey and Land use Organization, District Industries Centre, Forest Department, Central Ground Water Authority, etc. The study involved conducting field studies and analyzing various parameters that might be affected due to the industry and conducting socio-economic survey among the people. For reconnaissance survey the sampling locations were identified based on:  Existing topography and meteorological conditions  Locations of water intake and waste disposal points.  Location of human habilitation and other sensitive areas present in the vicinity of the proposed project site.  Representative areas for baseline conditions.  Accessibility for sampling The scoping and the extent of data generation were formulated based on interdisciplinary team discussions, and professional judgment keeping in view of TOR assigned by MOEF&CC. The baseline studies started with reconnaissance survey and the site visits in the study area for fixing the monitoring locations for collection of the primary data. Various Government and other organizations were approached for getting information for the secondary data generation. The various parameters surveyed and studied for the baseline study are provided in Tabble No. 3.1.

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Table 3.1: Environmental Components and Their Sources/Methodologies

Environmental Methodology (Std.Code/Softwares) S.N. Parameters components Source (Govt. Websites/Literature) USEPA (Meteorological Monitoring Meteorology (Temp., RH, guidance for regulatory modeling WS, WD, RF) applications) 1. Air IS-5182, CPCB (guidelines for Ambient Air Quality (PM , 10 measurement of Ambient Air PM , SO , NOx, CO) 2.5 2 Pollutants) Standard limits: Surface-IS:2296 Water Quality (Surface & 2. Water Ground-IS 10500 Ground) Sampling Methodology-IS: 3025 Ambient Noise Quality IS:9989(Assessment of noise with 3. Noise (Lmax, Lmin, Leq) respect to community response) Soil Quality (pH, EC, BD, Sampling Methodology and Analysis- Infiltration, Texture, SAR, IS: 2720 / Hand Book of Agriculture, 4. Soil Key nutrients, OM, OC, Fe, Indian Council of Agricultural Zn and Cu) Research Land use types, Land 5. Land Use schedules, Satellite Bhuvan, NRSA, Arc Gis Software imagery Ecology studies (Floristic diversity, Terrestrial Field Survey / Secondary Data form ecosystem sustainability, Forests department of Haryana and 6. Ecology Green belt development, available published literatures from sinking capacity of ZSI, BSI etc. pollutants) Demography and Census, District report 7. Socio Economic Occupational details, Public Consultation by agricultural situation etc. Questionnaire survey Hydrology & Geological, hydrological, Geological Survey of India, NRSC, 8. Geology geomorphologic studies CGWA 9. Traffic Study PCU/hr, LOS IRC 106:1990

3.3 ESTABLISHMENT OF BASELINE FOR VALUED ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS, AS IDENTIFIED IN THE SCOPE The scope of the study is as per TOR letter issued by MoEF&CC vide File no. 23- 90/2018-IA-III (V) and dated 1st February, 2019. 3.3.1 Air Environment Dispersion of different air pollutants released from an industrial project into the atmosphere have significant impacts on the neighborhood air environment and

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forms an important part of impact assessment studies. The ambient air quality status with respect to the study zone of 10 km radial distance from the plant site will form the base line information over which the predicted impacts due to the proposed expansion plant can be super imposed to find out the net (Final) impacts on air environment. From the final impacts a viable Environmental Management Plan (EMP) can be prepared based on the impact statement for the air environment. The baseline status of the ambient air quality can be assessed thorough scientifically designed ambient air quality monitoring network. The design of monitoring network in the air quality surveillance program has to be based on the following considerations.  Meteorological conditions on synoptic scale  Topography of the study area  Representation of regional background levels  Representation of plant site  Representation of cross-sectional distribution in the downward direction  Influence of the existing sources if any, are to be kept at minimum  Inclusion of major distinct villages to collect the baseline status 3.3.1.1 Micro-Meteorological data Micro-meteorological data within the project area during the air quality survey period is an indispensable part of air pollution study. Assessment of the micro and macro meteorology is important from the standpoint of understanding the nature and extent of air pollution in the study area. Giridih District Report The district experiences a subtropical climate with three well marked seasons namely winter, summer and rainy season. The district gets the benefit of both the South -West and North- East monsoon. Winter season is from October to first half of March, with January being the coldest month with a temperature of 11:C. In the second half of March the temperature considerably rises and temperature goes up to 42°C in the month of May, which is the hottest month of the area. It rains maximum during August, with with an average of 307 mm, and rainy season continues up to mid October. The average rainfall at Giridih is 1220 mm. In the present studies, to understand the site-specific meteorological conditions Primary data is collected at site and secondary data is obtained for Dumka (Jharkhand) from IMD, New Delhi. Secondary Data Historical data on meteorological parameters also plays an important role in identifying the general meteorological status of the region. The latest and updated secondary data for 30 years (1981 - 2010) for Dumka district which is at distance of

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90 km from the project site is procured from IMD, New Delhi for observing parameters like Temperature, Relative humidity, Rainfall, Wind speed and Wind direction in the Dumka (Jharkhand). The available IMD data is given in Table No. 3.2 and its ombrothermic diagram is shown in Figure 3.1. Table 3.2: Secondary Meteorological Data for Dumka, Jharkhand (1981-2010)

Air Temperature Monthly Mean Predominant o Humidity % C Rainfall Wind Wind Month Daily Daily 0830 0530 Total, Speed Direction Max. Min. IST IST mm kmph Coming from January 26 11.4 65 53 5.3 3.6 E,W,NW February 29.6 13.9 56 44 11.4 3.6 E,W,NW March 34.3 17.7 52 40 21.0 3.8 E,W, NW April 38.9 22.3 53 39 29.0 3.6 E,SW,W May 38.2 24.4 65 54 74.6 3.7 NE,E,W June 35.8 25.2 75 70 224.0 3.7 NE,E,W July 33.0 25.0 81 80 304.2 3.7 W,E,NE August 32.9 24.5 83 80 307.3 4.5 NE,E,W September 33.4 24.4 81 80 211.6 4.4 W, E, NE October 33.6 21.5 76 70 110.2 3.6 W,E,N November 31.0 16.5 67 60 8.1 3.8 W,E,N December 27.4 12.2 67 57 10.1 3.9 W, E, NW Annual 32.8 19.9 68 60 1316.8 3.8 W, E, NE (Source: Climatological Normals 1981-2010, IMD New Delhi)

Fig 3.1: Ombrothermic diagram based on IMD data

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Primary Data The meteorological data recorded during survey period is very useful for proper interpretation of the baseline information as well as for input, to predictive models for air quality impacts. For collection of Primary data an Automatic Weather Station was installed at the plant site for three months (1st October to 31st December 2018) and it recorded hourly observations for the parameters like Maximum and minimum Temperatures (ºC), Relative Humidity (%), Wind Speed (km/hr), Wind direction and Rainfall. The hourly-recorded observations (wind velocity and wind directions) during 12 weeks study period are used in computing percentage frequencies and are depicted in the form of “wind roses” (Figure 3.2). The summarized meteorological data is provided in Table No. 3.3. Table 3.3: Onsite Meteorological Data (Period: 1st October to 31st December, 2018)

Temp. RH WS RF Mixing Month - WD (oC) (%) (kmph) (mm) Height (m) Min 18.3 28 0 995 October Max 33.2 100 8.2 N, NE, E 88.4 1004 Avg. 26.1 72.2 2.67 999.7 Min 10.3 25 0 992 N, NW, November Max 28.8 97 8.08 10.2 1002 WNW Avg. 20.7 58.9 3.39 996.7 Min 11.4 30 0 986 December Max 26.8 91 8.05 NW, NNW, N 5.3 1001 Avg. 17.5 58.9 3.07 994.8 (Source: Automatic Weather Station) During the study period, wind speed measured on site varied between 0 to 8.2 kmph. The wind rose diagram indicates predominant wind direction is from North. The calm condition prevailed for 17.2 % times. Avg. Wind Speed was 3.0 km/hr.

Fig 3.2: Wind Rose Diagram of Giridih District (Oct - Dec)

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Comparison of Primary Meteorological Data with Secondary (IMD) Data The meteorological data recorded on site for the monitoring period of October to December 2018 is compared with the available IMD data of Dumka, Jharkhand.  The maximum and minimum temperature (33.2oC and 10.3oC respectively) obtained at site as primary data was found to be in course with IMD data of Dumka district with a variation of 2°C to 4°C of temperature which is an expected increase over the year 2010 to 2019. The relative humidity was found to be 100 and 72.2 % respectively which is in due course with IMD data.  The average wind speeds during the study period ranged between 2.67- 3.39 km/hr. Simillar, range of winds velocities is present in the IMD data showing concurrence in both the data.  The total rainfall observed at the site was 103.9 mm during study period while IMD data shows that the total rainfall of 128.4 mm is usually observed from October to December. Hence, the Primary data obtained by automatic weather station at the site is found to be fairly consistent with the Secondary data (IMD Dumka). 3.3.1.2 Ambient Air Quality Ambient air quality monitoring is done to determine the general background concentration levels. The prime objective of the ambient air quality study is to assess the existing air quality of study area and to establish the existing ambient air quality within the study area and its conformity to NAAQS. Selection of Sampling Locations The sources of air pollution in the region are emissions from nearby industries, vehicular traffic, dust arising from unpaved village roads and domestic fuel burning. The due consideration during the selection of sampling locations was given to the likely affected zones during construction and operation of the plant. The location of human habitation and other sensitive areas within the study area were also considered in selection of ambient air quality monitoring locations. Eight (8) numbers of monitoring stations were set up to assess the existing air quality of the study area. One station was located inside the proposed project site (core zone) and the seven others, outside (buffer zone) the proposed project site. The locations of the monitoring stations were based on the frequent wind directions in order to site the stations as close as feasible to the anticipated maximum pollutant deposition areas, moreover, duly considering human habitation and proximity to sensitive zones within the study area. Logistic considerations as ready accessibility, security, availability of reliable power supply etc. were examined while finalizing the monitoring locations. The Ambient Air Quality Monitoring locations have been presented table below and in Figure 3.3. Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 44 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

Distance Code Location Latitude Longitude Direction (Km) A1 Project Site 24°08'24.1"N 86°19'54.9"E -- -- A2 Bishwasd 24°08'17.4"N 86°19'41.3"E 0.4 S A3 Tirukd 24°08'07.4"N 86°20'32.2"E 0.9 ESE A4 Shrampur 24°07'29.6"N 86°20'11.4"E 1.4 SSE A5 Bhorad 24°09'05.7"N 86°20'18.3"E 1.3 NNE A6 Chunjaka 24°09'01.5"N 86°19'10.0"E 1.5 NW A7 Burhiyad 24°09'14.4"N 86°19'48.7"E 1.4 N A8 Purnanagar 24°07'45.3"N 86°19'42.8"E 1.1 S

Fig 3.3: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations Methodology As per the scope of work, 8 ambient air quality monitoring stations were monitored for specific air pollutants during the study period. All the instruments (samplers) were installed between 1 to 4 m above ground level which was free from obstructions. The sampling and analysis of the required parameters were carried out as per IS: 5182 methodology entitled “Methods of Measurement of Air Pollution” and AWMA entitled “Methods of Air sampling and analysis”. Following are the parameters monitored during the study period. Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 45 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

1. Particulate Matter (PM10 and PM2.5)

2. Sulphur dioxide (SO2)

3. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) 4. Carbon Monoxide (CO) Table 3.4: Techniques Adopted/Protocols for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring S. No Parameters Techniques Technical Protocol 1. Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) West & Gaeke IS:5182 (P2) 2. Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Jacob & Hochheiser IS:5182 (P6) 3. Particulate Matter PM10 Gravimetric IS:5182 (P15) 4. Particulate Matter PM2.5 Gravimetric - 5. Carbon-Monoxide as CO NDIR IS: 5182 (P-10)

Data Analysis CO The Ambient Air Quality survey has been carried out at 8 locations within 10 km

radius around the proposed project site. The monitoring for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX was carried 24-hourly twice a week and for CO it was 8-hourly twice a week.

Measurement of Particulate matter (PM10 & PM2.5), SO2, NOX and CO levels helps to

understand the existing environmental scenario. The results of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, 3 3 NOX are expressed in µg/m whereas the results of CO are expressed in mg/m . The detailed air quality reports are given in Annexure-3. The results of all the locations were further computed for statistical parameters like Minimum, Maximum concentrations and Arithmetic mean (AM). The results are shown in Table No. 3.5. The graphical representations of the results are depicted in Figure No.3.4, 3.5 & 3.6.

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Table 3.5: Ambient Air Quality Data Location 98th Pollutant Max. Min. Avg. NAAQS Codes Percentile A-1 81.6 65.8 74.1 81.6 A-2 80.2 63.5 73.3 80.2 A-3 86.2 78.2 81.2 85.9 PM10 A-4 84.1 71.3 76.5 83.7 3 100 (µg/m ) A-5 85.9 70.9 78.7 85.8 A-6 79.1 68 73.2 78.8 A-7 85.2 72.6 78.1 84.9 A-8 83.5 63.5 71.0 82.3 A-1 34.6 21.6 29.0 34.0 A-2 38.5 25.3 31.0 37.9 A-3 41.5 31.5 37.4 41.0

PM2.5 A-4 36.2 25.6 30.8 35.7 3 60 (µg/m ) A-5 40.7 30.5 35.1 40.7 A-6 33.4 26.4 29.8 33.2 A-7 43.0 30.5 36.4 42.8 A-8 33.2 24.1 28.8 33.2 A-1 22.5 9.5 18.7 22.3 A-2 46.4 14.2 17.8 33.0 A-3 24.1 18.0 21.0 23.8

NOX A-4 25.1 12.4 17.8 24.7 3 80 (µg/m ) A-5 36.5 17.2 22.7 35.35 A-6 26.3 18.1 22.1 26.15 A-7 28.4 11.6 18.7 27.9 A-8 19.5 12.6 16.3 19.5 A-1 14.0 7.8 10.9 13.8 A-2 14.9 10.2 13.1 14.7 A-3 24.5 9.0 15.0 22.3

SO2 A-4 15.6 8.2 10.7 15.3 3 80 (µg/m ) A-5 16.4 12.0 13.9 16.30 A-6 14.9 8.6 11.7 14.9 A-7 16.3 10.2 13.4 16.3 A-8 14.0 5.0 10.5 13.6 A-1 0.94 0.72 0.83 0.93 A-2 0.88 0.75 0.84 0.88 A-3 0.93 0.76 0.85 0.93 CO A-4 0.79 0.64 0.70 0.79 (mg/m3) 02 A-5 1.02 0.85 0.95 1.01 A-6 0.96 0.81 0.87 0.95 A-7 1.00 0.83 0.90 1.00 A-8 0.92 0.60 0.78 0.92 (Source: Vardan EnviroLab) Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 47 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

Fig 3.4: Graphical Representation of Particulate Pollutants

Fig 3.5: Graphical Representation of Gaseous Pollutants

Fig 3.6: Graphical Representation of CO pollutant

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Interpretation

 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring reveals that the concentrations of PM10 and 3 3 PM2.5 for all the 8 AAQM stations were found between 63.5μg/m to 86.2μg/m and 21.6μg/m3 to 43.0μg/m3 respectively.  Due to the various operations carried in number of industries surrounding the

monitoring location Tirukd (A3) & Bhorad (A5), the high value of PM10 i.e 81.2μg/m3 and 78.7μg/m3 respectively was observed, although the value falls below the NAAQS limits (100μg/m3). 3 3  The concentrations of SO2 were found to be in range of 5.0μg/m to 25.5μg/m .

Among all the monitoring locations Concentration of SO2 was highest at Tirukd (A3) i.e. 15.0 μg/m3 indicating towards the industrial activities in the vicinity of monitoring location.  The concentrations of NOx were found to be in range of 9.5μg/m3 to 46.4μg/m3. The value of gaseous pollutant was found to be high at Burhiyad (A7) which can be attributed to the movement of vehicular traffic on the adjacent SH-13 and also on the nearby railway line.  The concentrations of CO were found between 0.60 mg/m3 to 1.02 mg/m3. The graphical representation shows the highest concentrations at Bhorad (A5) which is contributed by the vehicular traffic on SH-13 and by activities in surrounding settlement area.  After the detailed analysis the air quality monitoring data of the project site and the surrounding areas, it can be inferred that the concentration of all the analyzed parameters is well below the NAAQS limits. Also, the baseline data for air quality was compared with JSPCB (Giridih) air quality monitoring data base and was found to be fairly consistent.  The concentrations of the above-mentioned parameters might increase with start of operation of the proposed project, so to maintain the ambient air quality of the area, the latest / modern air pollution control measurements along with suitable EMP will be adopted, which will be elaborated in detailed in Chapter-4 of the report. 3.3.2 Noise Environment Noise often defined as unwanted sound, interferes with speech communication, causes annoyance, distraction from work; disturb sleep, thus deteriorating quality of human environment. Noise Pollution survey has therefore been carried out. The acoustical environment varies dynamically in magnitude and character throughout most communities. Measurement of noise levels in the study area at several locations (in and around the project site) has been carried out to determine the baseline noise levels to subsequently superimpose increment in noise levels at battery limits due to the setting up of proposed expansion of integrated steel plant. Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 49 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

Monitoring Locations The due consideration during the selection of sampling locations was given to the likely affected zones during construction and operation of the plant. The location of human habitation and other sensitive areas within the study area were also considered in selection of noise monitoring locations. Eight (8) numbers of monitoring stations were set up to assess the existing noise levels of the study area. One station was located inside the proposed project site (core zone) and the seven others, outside (buffer zone) the project site. The details of monitoring locations is mentioned table given below and is also shown on the study area map in Figure 3.7.

Code Location Latitude Longitude Distance (Km) Direction N1 Project Site 24°08'24.1"N 86°19'54.9"E -- -- N2 Turubdiha 24°08'17.4"N 86°19'41.3"E 0.4 SW N3 Tirukd 24°08'04.0"N 86°20'11.6"E 0.5 SE N4 Near Mohanpur 24°07'54.9"N 86°21'20.2"E 2.3 ESE N5 Bhorad 24°09'05.7"N 86°20'18.3"E 1.3 NNE N6 Bishwasd 24°08'40.6"N 86°19'39.4"E 0.5 NW N7 Purnanagar 24°07'45.3"N 86°19'42.8"E 1.1 S N8 Near Manjhiladih 24°08'36.5"N 86°20'24.0"E 0.7 NE

Fig 3.7: Noise Quality Monitoring Locations Map Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 50 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

Methodology For noise measurement calibrated and integrated sound level meter manufactured by Lutron (SL-4001) was used. SLM was mounted on a tripod as per the standard methodology for noise measurements. Special care was taken for not making noises while observing the meter during the measurement and ensuring the least amount of reflective surface is exposed from our body to the meter. Noise levels were recorded at 8 locations by Sound Level Meter in dB (A). Noise levels were recorded as per IS: 9989 entitled “Assessment of noise with respect to community response” methodology. Noise levels were recorded at approximately 1.5 meter above the ground level and about 3 m away from walls, buildings or other sound reflecting sources. The measurements were carried out 1 m away from the sources and 1 m away from the edge of the roads. In order to reduce the disturbances from standing waves, the noise levels measurements were averaged over + 0.5 m each of at least three positions. The mean values were taken for reporting. Ambient noise levels were compared with the Noise Pollution (Regulation & Control) Rules, 2000. Equivalent Sound Pressure Level (Leq) of Day and Night The Leq is the equivalent continuous sound level, which is equivalent to the same sound energy as the actual fluctuating sound measured in the same period. This is necessary because sound from noise source often fluctuates widely during a given period of time. This is calculated from the following equation

2 Leq=L50+ (L10–L90) /60 Lday is defined as the equivalent noise level measured over a period of time during day (6 am to 10 pm). Lnight is defined as the equivalent noise level measured over a period of time during night (10 pm to 6 am). Hourly noise recorded data and Lday values (16 hours) Lnight (8 hours) and Ldn (24 hours) are computed and tabulated. Data Analysis The statistical analysis is done for recorded noise levels at 8 locations. The location of Noise Quality Monitoring stations is depicted in Fig. 3.7. The lab results are given in Annexure-3. The parameters are analyzed for Lday, Lnight and Ldn and are represented in Table No.3.6 and the Leq values are plotted in the graph (Figure 3.8).

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Table 3.6: Noise level data (All Data is expressed in dB(A)) Lmax dB(A) Lmin dB(A) Leq dB(A) S.No. Locations Day Night Day Night Day Night 1. Project Site (Industrial) 55.6 51 49.3 40.2 51.61 43.1 2. Turubdiha 54.2 44.6 44.5 37.4 48.19 43.2 3. Tirukd 51.4 44.2 39.3 35.1 50.2 41.2 4. Near Mohanpur 54.1 42.2 42.2 37.1 47.1 43.5 5. Bhorad 54.1 40.6 42.3 36.4 51.5 40.2 6. Bishwasd 53.1 41.7 40.9 38.3 48.25 42.19 7. Purnanagar 54.6 44.5 40.3 39.1 48.18 41.5 Near Manjhiladih 8. 63.1 52.8 50.1 44.2 55.7 49.8 (Industrial)

Fig 3.8: Equivalent Noise Levels at all Monitoring locations Noise Standards as per Noise Regulation (Pollution & Control) FRules, 2000 Leq in dB(A) Category of Zones Categorization of locations Day Night Industrial N1, N8 75 70 Residential N2, N3, N4, N5, N6, N7 55 45 Silence Zone - 50 40

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Interpretation  Out of all 8 locations measured for noise levels, six locations were residential and two were identified as industrial.  The noise levels at the project site for day and night time were 51.61 dB(A) and 43.1 dB(A) which are well within the limits for industrial zone (75dB(A) & 70dB (A)).  Among all other locations, the noise levels measured at location near Manjhiladih (N8) was found to be highest, with Leq values for day and night time to be 55.7 and 49.8 dB(A) respectively, which can be attributed to number of industries operating all around the location. However, the recorded noise levels were found to be within the industrial zone limits  Apart from this the noise levels recorded at Bhorad (N5) were found to be on higher side in context to the residential area, which can be attributed to vehicular movement on adjacent SH-13 and also the nearby industrial activities. However, these levels are found to be well within the permissible residential limits (55 dB (A) for day time & 45 dB (A) for night time).  Hence, in conclusion noise levels recorded at all locations were well within the ambient noise standards as per the Noise Pollution (Regulation & Control) Rules, 2000.  Due to the proposed project noise levels inside the project site might have some impacts on the nearby areas. However, with suitable control measures and EMP, the noise levels will be reduced and the impacts will be minimized.  Mitigation measures that shall be taken are in detail discussed in next Chapter No. 4. 3.3.3 Traffic Study Traffic Analysis is a study carried out to predict the magnitude and effects that the traffic generated due to proposed project may have on the existing transportation network. Traffic analysis can also be used to evaluate whether the existing transportation facility is appropriate or necessary improvements needs to be done for the proposed developmental project. The contribution of automobile emissions aggravating the air pollution menaces. The three main types of automobile vehicles being used in the country are  Passenger cars powered by four strokes gasoline engines.  Motor cars, scooters and auto rickshaws powered mostly by small two stroke diesel engines.  Large trucks and buses powered by mostly 4 stroked engines.

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Data Analysis The traffic study was carried out at State Highway (SH-13) for 24 hours which is near to the proposed plant and is a medium for transportation of raw and final products to the industry (shown in Figure No 3.9). The result of the traffic study is shown in Table No. 3.7 and the pie chart representation of total vehicles during baseline studies for the highway is depicted in Figure 3.10.

Fig 3.9: Transportation Map of Project Site Table 3.7: Summarized Traffic Data

Type of No. of Vehicles Equivalent PCU/day SH-13 Vehicles SH-13 PCU SH-13 Trucks 455 3 1365 Agriculture 378 1.5 tractors/LCV 252 Bus 353 3 1059 Cars 504 1 504 3Wheeler 297 1 297 2Wheeler 557 0.5 278.5 Total 3881.5 PCU/day 2418 Fig 3.10: Pie Chart Representation for Total Vehicular Data Existing Traffic Scenario The Level of Service (LOS) is defined as a qualitative measure describing operational conditions within a traffic stream. Capacity is the maximum hourly volume that can Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 54 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

traverse a roadway at a uniform speed as in a free flow condition. The LOS and the capacity of the Roadway segments computed is based on the Indian Roads Congress (IRC) standards sourced from Guidelines for Capacity of Roads in Rural Areas IRC 64- 1990. Six LOS recognized based on the volume to capacity (V/C) ratios at the intersections and its performance is mentioned in following table: V/C LOS Performance 0.0-0.2 A Excellent 0.2-0.4 B Very Good 0.4-0.6 C Good/ Average/ Fair 0.6-0.8 D Poor 0.8-1.0 E Very Poor 1.0-1.2 F Worst

The SH-13 present in the study area is 8 m wide 2-lane without divider and having movement of all types of vehicles. The capacity value recommended to evluate LOS for such carriageway as per IRC 64-1990 is 15,000 PCU/day. Table 3.8: Existing Traffic Scenario and LOS

V (Volume in C (Capacity in Existing V/C Road LOS PCU/day) PCU/day) Ratio SH-13 3881.5 15,000 0.26 B Interpretation  During the study it was observed among all the 4-wheelers movement of trucks is found to be maximum. Also, difference of movement of trucks in both day and night time was very marginal.  As the study area has plenty number of industries operating, the above- mentioned analysis indicates the 24x7 movement of trucks on SH-13 for the transportation of raw material and finished products from industries to market/railway yards and vice versa.  Apart from trucks, number of 2 wheelers was found to be more in number and largely in daytime, as majority of population in the study area is employed in the nearby industries.  The Level of Service obtained for SH-13 in the study area as per calculation is ‘B’ with performace status as “Very Good” representing a zone of stable flow with drivers having reasonable freedom to select their desired speed and manoeuvre within the traffic stream.  Although free flow of vehicles was observed during the study period yet traffic density might increase as all the raw material and finished product will be transported through the SH-13 after the proposed expansion.  Hence, suitable traffic management plan will be adopted to minimize the impacts and maintain the traffic scenario in the study area.

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3.3.4 Water Environment Potable water of high quality is essential to human life, and water of acceptable quality is essential for agricultural, industrial, domestic and commercial uses therefore, major activities having potential effects on surface water are certain to be of appreciable concern to the consumers. The hydrological environment is composed of two interrelated phases; ground water and surface water. Impacts initiated in one phase eventually affect the other. For example, a ground water system may charge one surface water system and later be recharged by another surface water system. The complete assessment of an impact dictates consideration of both ground water and surface water. Thus, pollution at one point in the system can be passed throughout, and consideration of only one phase does not characterize the entire problem. Sampling Locations Water samples were collected from 8 ground-water and 8 surface water from the study area to assess the water quality during the study period. The location details are provided in table below and are also represented in Figure 3.11. Samples were collected as per IS: 3025(Part 1) methodology. The ground water samples were drawn from the hand pumps and open wells being used by the villagers for their domestic needs. Surface water sampling was carried out from Rivers/Ponds present within 10 Km of the project site.

Code Location Latitude Longitude Dist. (Km) Dir GW1 Project Site 24°08'24.1"N 86°19'54.9"E -- -- GW2 Bishwasd 24°08'17.4"N 86°19'41.3"E 0.4 SW GW3 Tirukd 24°08'07.4"N 86°20'32.2"E 0.9 ESE GW4 Near Mohanpur 24°08'34.1"N 86°20'50.3"E 1.3 E GW5 Sharampur 24°07'29.6"N 86°20'11.4"E 1.4 SSE GW6 Bhorad 24°09'05.7"N 86°20'18.3"E 1.3 NNE GW7 Chunjaka 24°09'01.5"N 86°19'10.0"E 1.5 NW GW8 Near Purnanagar 24°07'57.9"N 86°19'23.9"E 1.0 SW SW1 Pond Near Tirukd 24°08'16.5"N 86°20'32.9"E 0.8 E SW2 Pond Near Purnanagar 24°08'03.4"N 86°19'34.3"E 0.7 SW SW3 Pond Near Sharampur 24°07'23.1"N 86°20'22.9"E 1.7 SSE SW4 Bhorad 24°09'04.8"N 86°19'58.3"E 1.2 N SW5 Usri N Near Garatanr 24°11'02.5"N 86°19'54.9"E 4.7 N SW6 Pond Near Kalhamanja 24°06'37.7"N 86°20'09.3"E 3.0 S SW7 Pond Near Jambad 24°09'37.0"N 86°20'52.2"E 2.6 NE SW8 Barakar River 24°04'21.5"N 86°18'19.2"E 7.7 SSW

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Fig 3.11: Map showing Water Sampling Locations Methodology The parameters like pH, temperature and DO were measured at the site while collecting the sample. For analyzing other parameters, the samples were brought to Head Laboratory situated in Manesar, Gurugram. Necessary precautions were taken while collecting, preserving and transporting. All the parameters were analyzed as per "Methods of Sampling and Test (Physical and Chemical) for water and waste water” IS: 3025 and ‘Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater’ APHA. The results are then compared with the standards (IS 10500 & IS 2296) as per the quality of water. Data Analysis Water samples were collected from 16 locations within 10 km radius around the proposed project site. Measurement of different physiochemical parameters for surface and groundwater samples helps to understand the existing environmental scenario. The result of analysis is provided in Table no. 3.9 & 3.10. The detailed water quality reports are given in Annexure-3.

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Table 3.9: Ground Water Quality Data Desirable Permissible S.No Parameter GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8 Limit Limit 1. pH (at 25 0C) 7.54 7.82 7.41 7.62 7.63 7.31 7.67 7.88 6.5 to 8.5 NR 2. Colour (Hazen) *BDL *BDL *BDL *BDL *BDL *BDL *BDL *BDL 5 15 3. Turbidity (NTU) *BDL *BDL *BDL *BDL *BDL *BDL *BDL *BDL 1 5 4. Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 5. Taste Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Total Hardness as 6. 285.24 255.23 210.52 340.50 190.50 212.45 308.40 234.24 200 600 CaCO3 (mg/L) 7. Calcium as Ca (mg/L) 78.50 66.50 54.20 108.50 50.50 48.20 90.20 60.20 75 200 Alkalinity as CaCO 8. 3 212.85 202.10 265.61 202.98 156.15 256.78 260.52 250.23 200 600 (mg/L) 9. Chloride as Cl (mg/L) 98.74 110.56 126.54 190.50 90.35 113.39 138.20 113.28 250 1000 Magnesium as Mg 10. 21.71 21.70 18.29 16.96 15.67 22.40 18.31 20.42 30 100 (mg/L) Total Dissolved 11. 544.00 590.00 620.00 705.00 455.00 580.00 668.00 610.00 500 2000 Solids(mg/L) Sulphate as SO 12. 4 38.00 47.42 45.10 40.84 35.30 32.33 33.85 34.23 200 400 (mg/L) 13. Fluoride as F (mg/L) 0.98 1.08 0.92 1.12 1.08 0.88 1.13 1.25 1.0 1.5

14. Nitrate as NO3(mg/L) 36.95 25.30 26.63 23.84 20.85 18.14 27.47 16.84 45 NR 15. Iron as Fe (mg/L) 0.68 0.26 0.28 0.25 0.26 0.30 0.29 0.29 0.3 NR Electrical 16. 906 990 1040 1180 790 972 1120 1020 Conductivity(µS/cm) 17. Zinc as Zn (mg/L) 0.98 1.45 1.28 1.52 2.85 1.53 1.36 1.65 5 15 18. Copper as Cu (mg/L) 0.13 0.31 0.42 0.45 0.67 0.28 0.28 0.46 0.05 1.5 Note: - *BDL-Below Detection Limit, **NR- No Relaxation * Cyanide, Aluminium, Boron, Hexa Chromium, Phenolic compounds, mineral oil, Anionic Detergents, Selenium, Arsenic, Mercury, Total Coliform, E coli, Manganese, Cadmium, Lead are found to be below detectable limits. Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 58 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

Table 3.10: Surface Water Quality Data S.No. Parameter SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5 SW6 SW7 SW8 IS:2296 Classification C C C C C C C C 1 pH (at 25 0C) 7.63 7.40 7.53 7.78 7.75 7.78 7.65 7.48 2 Colour (Hazen) *BDL *BDL *BDL *BDL *BDL *BDL *BDL *BDL 3 Turbidity (NTU) 16 19 18 25 21 24 22 24 4 Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable

5 Total Hardness as CaCO3 (mg/L) 178.36 210.31 220.35 210.54 161.78 244.31 210.15 248.89 6 Calcium as Ca (mg/L) 97.12 67.36 67.12 65.22 45.98 74.54 68.19 81.64

7 Alkalinity as CaCO3 (mg/L) 114.25 217.45 237.52 177.21 215.20 235.14 175.52 208.54 8 Chloride as Cl (mg/L) 81.87 86.28 78.47 97.35 84.46 140.36 190.00 112.24 9 Magnesium as Mg (mg/L) 15.54 10.26 12.85 11.62 11.43 14.17 9.72 48.50 10 Total Dissolved Solids (mg/L) 480.00 474.00 460.00 456.00 431.00 565.00 720.00 460..00 11 Total Suspended solids (mg/L) 85.00 98.00 90.00 142.00 90.00 80.00 127.00 148.00 12 Dissolved Oxygen (mg/L) 6.4 5.9 6.6 5.0 4.8 5.4 6.8 5.0 13 Sulphate as SO4 (mg/L) 45.37 42.14 50.14 53.00 65.20 45.64 80.00 62.00 14 Fluoride as F (mg/L) 0.76 0.78 0.83 0.84 0.96 1.14 1.22 1.05 15 BOD (3 Days at 270C) (mg/L) 11.52 13.63 20.10 18.00 15.00 21.00 13.00 16.00 16 COD (mg/L) 34.21 43.42 54.15 62.59 47.52 74.00 48.56 56.00 17 Conductivity (µs/cm) 810 793 765 763 720 943 790 766

18 Nitrate as NO3 (mg/L) 22.30 16.20 24.64 32.62 25.52 32.54 28.48 26.53 19 Sodium as Na (mg/L) 63.8 58.6 55.8 50.65 74.7 83.3 80.50 40.00 20 Potassium as K (mg/L) 22.6 20.3 18.5 17.6 21.3 23.4 20.50 12.00 21 Iron as Fe (mg/L) 0.28 0.25 0.28 0.33 0.28 0.36 0.27 0.28 22 Boron (mg/L) 0.64 0.48 0.56 0.76 0.68 0.83 0.74 0.86 23 Zinc as Zn (mg/L) 2.40 1.72 1.57 2.50 1.48 2.10 1.66 2.64 24 Copper as Cu (mg/L) 0.56 0.43 0.41 0.68 0.37 0.57 0.45 0.72 25 Total Coliform (MPN/100ml) 1300 1700 1600 1500 1500 1500 900 900 26 Fecal Coliform (MPN/100ml) 900 1400 1400 900 900 900 500 500 Note: - *BDL-Below Detection Limit, **DL- Detection Limit, * Residual free chlorine, Cyanide, Aluminium, Chromium, Phenolic compounds, mineral oil, Anionic Detergents, Manganese and Cadmium are found to be below detectable limits. Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 59 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT CHAPTER 3 M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) of capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 DESCRIPTION OF ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of THE ENVIRONEMENT 18000 TPA MS Ingots

Interpretation  Following inferrences are drawn based on analysis results of ground water samples:

 pH varies from to 7.31 to 7.88 which is within desireable limit as per IS 10500: 2012 indicating no significant interception of chemical pollution in the water.  Total Hardness varies from 190.50 mg/l to 340.50 mg/l. Only at location GW5 the total hardness is in desireable limits and water needs no treatment for hardness. At all other sampling locations water treatment must involve removal of hardness to make it fit for drinking purpose.  Concentration of Calcium, Chloride, Sulphate, Magnesium, Nitrate, Iron, Copper and Zinc found in all the water samples indicates presence of all essential ions required for living beings well within the desireable limits as per IS 10500: 2012.  Flouride concentration in all the gound water samples was found between 0.88 mg/l to 1.25 mg/l. Flouride of 1 mg/l is essential for development of bones and teeths whereas fluoride more than 1.5 mg/l can cause dental fluorosis.  Concentraion of all the toxic substances like Hexa Chromium, Anionic Detergents, Phenolic compounds, Selenium, Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead, Cyanide, and Mercury was found below the detection limits indicating water free from any industrial pollution into the groundwater within the study area.  Absence E-coli in all the collected water samples depicts that no intrusion of untreated sewage is envisaged in the study area.  Following inferences are drawn based on analysis results of surface water samples:  pH varies from 7.40 to 7.78, value of BOD lies between 11.52 mg/L to 21.0 mg/L, Total Suspended Solids varies from 80 mg/L to 148 mg/l, DO varies from 4.8 mg/L to 6.8 mg/L and Total Coliforms Organism MPN/100ml between 900 to 1700 indicating surface water samples to fall under Class ‘C’ as per classification of surface water sources based on water quality.  Class ‘C’ indicates that after conventional treatment and disinfection water source may be used as drinking water supply source.  Quality of groundwater in the study area is found to be good and free from presence of any industrial or domestic waste water pollution. The detailed surface and ground water quality reports are given in Annexure-3.  The baseline results of ground water and surface water were compared with the data for Giridih district provided by CGWA/WRD and was found to be in course with the same.  Rain Water Harvesting shall be adopted to supplement the ground water recharge.

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3.3.5 Soil Environment The rocky undulating topography is found in Giridih district. Major soil types are Alfisols amongst which Red sandy soils are common and Ultisols of which red and yellow soils are common. Sampling Locations The soil samples were collected from 8 different locations around the 10 km radius of project site to understand the existing soil quality. One station was located inside the proposed project site (core zone) and the seven others, outside (buffer zone) the proposed project site. The samples were collected during the monitoring period from the selected locations. Details of sampling locations are provided in table below and represented in Figure 3.12.

Distance Code Location Latitude Longitude Direction (Km) S1 Project Site 24°08'24.1"N 86°19'54.9"E -- -- S2 Biswasdih 24°08'17.4"N 86°19'41.3"E 0.4 SW S3 Near Mohanpur 24°07'54.9"N 86°21'20.2"E 2.3 ESE S4 Near Garatanr 24°11'02.5"N 86°19'54.9"E 4.7 N S5 Giridih 24°10'36.0"N 86°18'34.7"E 4.4 NNW S6 Chunjaka 24°09'01.5"N 86°19'10.0"E 1.5 NW S7 Near Bhorandi 24°08'36.5"N 86°20'24.0"E 0.7 NE S8 Near Harsingrayd 24°09'47.5"N 86°20'29.1"E 2.5 NNE

Fig 3.12: Map showing Soil Sampling Locations Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 61 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

Methodology Samples were collected and prepared as per “Methods of Test for Soil” IS: 2720 (Part 1)- 1983. Meticulous attention was paid to collect adequate amount of composite soil samples for analysis. After removing the surface vegetation cover, visible roots, plant litter, gravel, plastic materials and other foreign materials. Samples were collected by using Agar at a depth of 50, 150 and 300 cm and mixed thoroughly and analyzed as a single unit sample. The samples were packed in dependable, waterproof zip lock pouch bag and were marked specifically, accurately and distinctly, and were brought to Head Laboratory situated in Manesar, Gurugram. Necessary precautions were taken while collecting, preserving and transporting samples to laborartory. In Laborartory, all the soil samples were analyzed for physio-chemical parameters as per "Methods of Tests for Soil” IS: 2720 various parts. Data Analysis The study will establish the baseline characteristics and facilitate to identify soil contamination if any exists in the study area. The samples were analyzed and the results were obtained. The detailed soil quality reports are given in Annexure-3. The results of all the specified parameters at each location are given in Table 3.11.

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Table 3.11: Physico-Chemical Properties of Soil S.No Parameters Unit S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 1. pH (at 25 0C) -- 6.7 6.3 6.7 7.1 7.0 6.3 6.8 7.2 2. Conductivity mS/cm 0.456 0.545 0.489 0.556 0.514 0.612 0.645 0.515 -- Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy Sandy 3. Soil Texture Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam Loam i. Sand % 65 69 63 70 68 65 64 62 ii. Silt % 24 16 21 18 23 25 28 26 iii. Clay % 11 15 16 12 9 10 8 12 -- Slightly Slightly Slightly Slightly Slightly Slightly Slightly Slightly 4. Color Reddish Reddish Yellowish Yellowish Reddish Yellowish Reddish Yellowish 5. Water holding capacity % 26.12 25.27 23.98 29.87 38.97 41.23 28.25 31.22 6. Bulk density gm/cc 1.21 1.18 1.27 1.35 1.45 1.45 1.54 1.44 7. Chloride as Cl mg/100g 34.18 35.45 51.17 48.12 54.68 62.35 35.23 32.58 8. Calcium as Ca mg/100g 40.95 40.18 41.23 35.22 36.98 38.92 30.98 33.35 9. Sodium as Na mg/kg 38.31 44.13 48.97 35.32 44.52 41.25 44.56 48.48 10. Potassium as K kg/hec. 232.00 260.00 280.00 354.00 298.00 323.00 380.00 315.00 11. Organic Matter % 0.44 0.58 0.81 0.77 0.49 0.52 0.32 0.61 12. Magnesium as Mg mg/100g 15.65 17.11 32.10 23.19 21.56 32.00 18.52 19.44 13. Available Nitrogen as N kg./hec. 255.00 232.00 315.00 285.00 297.00 274.00 295.00 260.00 14. Available Phosphorus kg./hec. 22.12 20.31 25.25 21.00 24.0 25.2 25.20 22.16 15. Zinc (as Zn) mg/kg 0.75 0.75 0.50 0.25 1.04 1.15 0.75 0.78 16. Manganese (as Mn) mg/kg 3.12 9.11 5.32 4.74 5.41 6.02 3.55 3.32 17. Lead (as Pb) mg/kg 0.34 0.24 0.30 0.64 0.36 0.54 0.30 0.29 18. Cadmium (as Cd) mg/kg 0.16 0.11 0.12 0.21 0.19 0.18 0.15 0.14 19. Chromium (as Cr) mg/kg 0.68 0.49 0.50 0.35 0.72 0.61 0.54 0.75 20. Copper (as Cu) mg/kg 0.79 0.94 0.85 0.98 0.71 0.82 0.78 0.65 21 CEC Meq/100g 3.76 3.90 5.26 4.25 4.17 5.16 3.71 3.85 (Source: Vardan enviroLab )

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Interpretation  Sieve analysis results obtained at different sampling locations indicates the soil to be ‘SANDY LOAM’ type in study area. Type of Soil obtained at the project site is marked in the soil texture triangle, in below mentioned figure.

 In Soil Survey Manual (IARI, 1970) soil with pH value 6.1 to 6.5 are classified as slightly acidic and with pH values 6.6 to 7.3 are classified as neutral. The analysis result shows the soil at locations S1, S3, S4, S5, S7 & S8 is neutral and at loactions S2 & S6 is slightly acidic in nature.  The organic matter present in soil affects the important properties of soil like nutrient supply, Cation exchange and water retention. Presence of industries near location S7 and S1 contributes to the obtained low Organic matter value i.e. 0.32% and 0.44% respectively. Location S3 being near to the forest area is having high value of organic matter content.  Nitrogen content in soil is integral component for plant growth. The analysis of soil samples provided the concentration of available Nitrogen in the range of 232 to 315 Kg/ha, indicating medium availability status of nitrogen at the sampling locations.  Phosphorus and Potassium takes part in important functions like nitrogen fixation & root development and regulates the opening and closing of stomata and encourages the crop resistance for certain fungal and bacterial diseases respectively. The concentration of Phosphorus and potassium was recorded in the range of 20.31 to 25.25 Kg/ha and 232 to 380 Kg/ha respectively. Hence, the soil at the monitoring locations is having medium to high quantity of available Phosphorus and available Potassium.  Above done soil classification based on presence of organic matter, avialble nitogen, potassium and phosphorus is sourced from ‘Soil Survey Manual (IARI,

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1970)’.  The optimum productivity of any cropping system depends on the fertility status of the soils which is primarily dependent on nutrient reserve of that soil. In case of nutrient deficieancy fertilizers are used to increase the crop production. Above analysis indicates that there is appropriate balance of the nutrients (NPK) in the study area which leads to favorable circumstance for Cultivation and greenbelt development without amendment of soil.  The soil data was compared with the soil classification from Hand Book of Agriculture, Indian Council of Agricultural Research and the data was found to be fairly consistent. 3.3.6 Land Use and Land Cover Data Used United States Geological Survey (USGS) Satellite Data: Landsat 8 cloud free data has been used for Land use /Land cover analysis, Satellite Sensor–OLITIRS multi-spectral digital data has been used for the preparation of land use/ land cover map of present study. Survey of India reference map on 1:50,000 scales have been used for the preparation of base map and geometric correction of satellite data. Ground truthing has been carried out to validate the interpretation accuracy and reliability of remotely sensed data, by enabling verification of the interpreted details and by supplementing with the information, which cannot be obtained directly on satellite imagery. Methodology Adopted for Thematic Data Extraction from the Satellite Imageries ERDAS image processing 10.0 software and ARC/GIS 10.0 software were used for the project. Digital image processing techniques were applied for the mapping of the land use land cover classes of the provided area from the satellite data. Data Analysis The proposed project site is located on land with scrub land use class. Results are given in Table 3.12. A standard False Color Composite (FCC) image, detailed Land Use and Land Cover map, Contour map and the Digital Elevation map of the study area are given in Figure No. 3.13 to 3.16. Table 3.12: Land use/ land cover analysis Landuse Classification Area in Hectare Area in % Sandy Area 916 2.82 Rocky Waste Land 170 0.52 Industry 341 1.05 Builtup 2744 8.44 Air Strip 10 0.03

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Landuse Classification Area in Hectare Area in % Wood Land 4623 14.22 Fallow Land 4349 13.37 Crop Land 5414 16.65 Scrub Land 6026 18.53 Water Body 340 1.05 Barren Land 45 0.14 Forest 7537 23.18 Total 32515 100.00 (Source: Land Use Map) Interpretation  The thick green cover in the study area consisting of randomly scattered patches of protected forests covering 23.18% (7537 ha.), Scrub area covering 18.53% (6026 ha.), woodland covering 14.2% (4623 ha.) and crop land covering 16.6%(5414 ha.) shows concurrence with the above mentioned Soil Sample Analysis i.e. the soil in study area is highly suitable for agriculture and greencover development.  Built up area of 2744 hectares is concenrtarted in the northwest direction of the project site.  Surface water available in the study area is only 340 hectares i.e 1.05%, indicating the less availability of surface water resources.  Industrial units covering area of 341 hectares i.e. 1.05% of the study area was found to be within the radius of 2 kms form the project site. This concentrated setting up of industries is the most common approach for development.

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Fig 3.13: Satellite imagery of 10 km study area

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Fig 3.14: LULC map of 10 km Study Area.

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Fig 3.15: Contour map of 10 km Study Area

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Fig 3.16: Digital Elevation Map of 10 km Study Area Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 71 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

3.3.7 Geolmorphology of Study Area The physiography of the area is controlled by rock types occurring in the area, which are hard consolidated and semi-consolidated formations. The district represents a hilly and undulating terrain with an average elevation varying from 250 m to 600 m AMSL. The district may be divided broadly into three natural divisions viz 1. The Central Plateau 2. The Lower plateau 3. The Damodar valley The central area of the district is occupied by the central plateau, which is surrounded by lower plateaus from all sides except in the west where a ridge connects the central plateau to the Palamu district. The lower plateau with average height of 1300 ft is undulating in nature. In the north and North West the lower plateaus form tablelands until they reach ghats when they drop in height to 700 ft. The Damodar valley occurs along the southern part of the district. In the district lies the famous Parasnath hill, which has the distinction of being the highest peak of the state with an altitude of 4479 ft above mean sea level. The majority of the area is occupied by plateau, which is moderately to shallow weathered, depending upon its area of occurrence. Some of the linear ridges running along E-W direction occur near Dumaria, Naukadihi Kalhamanja, Bharkatta villages and some of the residual hillocks scattered in nature, occur near Shriram nagar, Khandauli and Jonktiabad. The linear ridges and the residual hills act as runoff zone. Majority of the villages in the area occur on the inter stream divide. About Soil The soil in the study area was observed to be under three soil orders namely Entisols, Inceptisols and Alfisols. Alfisols were the dominant soils covering 63.6 percent of Total Geoghraphical Area followed by Inceptisols (18.4 %) and Entisols (16.9 %). Alfisols soils are sandy loam to clay loam, non-calcareous and slightly to moderately acidic in nature. Alluvium and residual soils occur only as superficial deposit in general. Deposits of alluvium occur along the flood plains of Barakar, Sikri and the local streams namely Usri, Dhirabar, Khakho Nadi, as thin veneer. About Drainage Pattern The major part of the district is having dendritic drainage pattern, controlled mainly by the topography the area. The district is divided into two main watersheads viz the Barakar and the Sakri River. Barakar is one of the major rivers in the district which flows in NW-SE direction i.e. entering in the district near the Birni block and also flowing through Pirtand block. During summer the flow of Barakar River is minimal. The Sakri river passes through the areas of Deori and Gawan blocks. A number of small rivers also flow in the district; the most important among them is the Usri Nadi flowing in NW- SE direction. The Highest Flood level (HFL) recorded at the flood forecasting station for Maithon Dam at Barakar River is 151.79 m and at Panchet

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Dam at Barakar River is 132.89 m (source-www.india-water.gov.in). Maithon dam and Panchet Dam is at the distance of 54 kms and 67 kms respectively from the project site. A seasonal river Usri is also flowing nearby the project site but there is no threat of flooding from this river.

Fig 3.17: Drainage map of 10 km Study area 3.3.8 Geology of Study Area The oldest geological formation which occurs in the district is the crystalline metamorphic of Archaean age, which forms the basement. The area is underlain by rocks belonging to Chotanagpur granite gneissic complex of Proterozoic age comprising of biotite and quartz biotite granite gneiss. These are overlain by lower Gondwana sedimentaries which were deposited in the slowly sinking faulted troughs or basins. The rocks of younger age include only quaternary sediments mixed with residual soil at places and are confined to small areas in and around drainage channels. The Archaean crystallines are formed from rock types of both sedimentary and igneous origin. The sedimentaries were converted into various grades of schists by regional metamorphism. Quartz biotite granite gneiss covers a large part of the area and seems to be intruded by granites. The Chotanagpur granite gneiss contains enclaves of meta-sedimentaries which are aligned in almost E-W direction. The Gondwana rocks which are exposed in trough like basins in the area is the Barakar formations only. This formation is extensively jointed, fractured and faulted, intruded by dykes and sills. The Gondwanas, unconformable overly the

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metamorphics and over a greater part of the area dipping southerly, thereby exposing the younger unit towards the south adjoining the southern faulted boundary. Sandstone, shale, carbonaceous shale, coal and clays are the major litho units of the Gondwanas. Some area has been noticed with basaltic formation of cretaceous era. 3.3.9 Hydrogeological Study Hydrogeology study is done to analyze the physiographic and hydrogeological conditions of the study area. Also, quantitative and qualitative variations in groundwater with respect to aerial extent are studied. About the 10 km Study Area The district is underlain by compact and hard rocks belonging to crystalline metamorphic of Archaean age and lower Gondwana sedimentaries, which are devoid of any primary porosity. The ground water in such formation occurs within the secondary porosity such as joints, fractures and bedding plains. The ground water occurrence and movement is basically controlled by the prevailing morphology and intensity of structural discontinuities. The intensity of joints, fractures, foliation planes are more along structurally disturbed zones. Therefore structure is another controlling factor for occurrence and movement of ground water over the area. Hydrogeologically the area can be grouped under two major formations: i) Fissured formation: Represented by consolidated metamorphic and semi- consolidated Gondwana ii) Porous formation: Represented by the alluvium. The consolidated formations are represented by the Archaean meta-sedimentaries consisting of phyllites, schist’s and gneisses with associated bands of quartzite and amphibolites. Ground water occur under unconfined condition in the weathered mantle and semi-confined to confined condition in the deeper fractures. Through pumping tests in dug wells in the weathered mantle of quartzofelspathic rocks, the specific capacity values of the phreatic aquifers have been found in the range of 15- 35 lpm/m. The Hydrogeological map of the district is shown in Figure 3.18 with discharge rates at different lithology.

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Fig 3.18: Hydrogeological map of the Giridih District

Variation of Depth of Water Level a). Pre monsoon depth to water level: On the basis of the depth to water level of the year 2019, the pre monsoon depth to water level was monitored between 5.15 to 13.03 mbgl. b). Post monsoon depth to water level: On the basis of the depth to water level of the year 2019 the post monsoon depth to water level ranges between 1.1 to 7.1 mbgl. Thus, the water level fluctuation between pre monsoon and post monsoon period of the district varies from 13.03 to 1.1 m bgl. Water Level map to Pre monsoon depth and Post monsoon depth shown in Figure 3.19 and 3.20.

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Fig 3.19: Depth to the water levels at the pre- Fig 3.20: Depth to water levels at the post- monsoon period (May 2012) monsoon period (November 2012)

Groundwater Resources The overall ground water development of the district is only 26.65% that indicates the area is in safe zone, as per Dynamic Groundwater Resources Assessment of India, 2017. Thus, there is sufficient scope for shallow wells and deep bore wells. The depth of bore wells in the district ranges between 66.00 – 199.07 m bgl and the yield ranges from 1.60 to 35.22 m3/hr. 3.3.9.1 Site Specific Hydrogeology The site area is located at village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, Giridih block of Giridih district. The consolidated formations present at the site are the Archaean metasedimentary consisting of phyllites, schist’s and gneisses with associated bands of quartzites and amphibolites. Ground water under unconfined condition is occurring in the weathered mantle whereas under semi-confined to confined condition it occurs in deeper fractures. The water level in the area underlies in the phreatic conditions. The site is having specific yield upto 10 m3/hr. Pre-Monsoon (May 2019) water level depth at the site varies from 7.2 to 10.3 mbgl and Post- Monsoon (November 2019) water level depth varies from 4.8 to 7.4 mbgl. The project area lies in the ‘Safe’ category zone for the future ground water development. The depth to water levels (pre & post monsoon) and water fluctuation map are shown below:

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Fig 3.21: Map for Site Specific Pre-Monsoon Water Level 2019

Fig 3.22: Map for Site Specific Post-Monsoon Water Level 2019

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Fig 3.23: Seasonal Water Level Fluctuation Map for Site 2019

3.3.10 Socio-Economic Environment Any developmental activity exerts a direct impact on the socio-economic environment of the region. Usually, the beneficial impacts such as better job opportunities, improved education, communication, energy, housing, health, transportation facilities etc. outweighs the adverse impacts, if any. The study of socio-economic component of environment is incorporating various facets, viz. demographic structure, availability of basic amenities such as housing, education, health and medical services, occupation, water supply, sanitation, communication and power supply, prevailing diseases in the region as well as features such as places of tourist attraction and monuments of archaeological importance. The study of these parameters helps in identifying predicting and evaluating the likely impacts due to project activity in the surrounding region. Baseline data such as demographic pattern, occupational status, educational, health and other amenities as existing in the study area have been studied. Baseline Status The latest available data has been complied to generate the existing socio- economic scenario of the study area. Information on socio-economic profile was

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collected from the Primary Census Abstract CD 2011 of Jharkhand State including the population details of the region. Study Area Area of 10 km radius around the proposed site was defined as the study area. Total numbers of 96 villages came within the study area. The villages were from Giridih, Deori and Gande Tehsil of Giridih District of Jharkhand state. 3.3.10.1 Demographic Structure of Study Area Demographic structure of the study area was estimated for the selected parameters as households, population, sex ratio, scheduled caste, scheduled tribes, literacy from primary census abstract, CD 2011. The summarized demographic structure of the study area is presented in Table 3.13, while the details of the parameters of demographic structure of the villages within 10 kms are shown in Table 3.14. Table 3.13: Summarized Demographic Stucture of The Study Area

S.No. Parameter Study Area Rural 1. No. of Villages 96 2. Household 17,495 3. Household Ratio 5.8 4. Total Population 1,01,712 5. Male Population % 52,847 (51.95) 6. Female Population % 48,865 (48.04) 7. Population (0-6 Years)% 19,918 (19.58) 8. Sex Ratio 924 9. Child Sex Ratio 928 10. Scheduled Caste % 19,782 (19.44) 11. Scheduled Tribes % 16,510 (16.23) 12. Literates % 50,164 (49.31) 13. Main Workers % 18,588 (18.27) i. Cultivators 1587 (8.53) ii. Agriculture Labourers 1121 (6.03) iii. Household Workers 731 (3.93) iv. Other Workers 15,149 (81.49) 14. Marginal Workers % 17,462 (17.16) 15. Non-Workers % 65,662 (64.55) (Source: PCA Census 2011, Jharkhand State)

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Table 3.14: Demographic structure of the villages in the study area (10 km radius)

Sr.No. Villages Households Total Population Scheduled Scheduled Literates Population (0-6 Years) Caste Tribes Giridih District Giridih Tehsil 1. Turukdiha 223 1333 310 115 0 579 2. Biswasdih 98 566 105 44 0 365 3. Tikodih 233 1727 374 0 0 962 4. Burhiadih 423 2405 508 978 279 1229 5. Harsingh Raidih 383 2286 418 1303 2 1231 6. Jambad 249 1613 345 185 9 766 7. Rautgadi 119 655 126 77 412 253 8. Jogibad 1 4 0 0 0 2 9. Koemara 203 1331 222 323 1 765 10. Chirudih 0 0 0 0 0 0 11. Jhalakdiha 127 655 94 0 613 305 12. Birangadda 62 359 62 0 359 187 13. Dandiadih 65 415 62 26 16 299 14. Bishunpur 215 1355 240 56 0 774 15. Jaridih Pachamba 116 711 129 216 20 298 16. Salaia 12 62 15 0 0 29 17. Kalyandih 201 1156 220 280 0 593 18. Mohanpur 255 1569 291 0 0 922 19. Bhandaridih 667 4024 783 1133 8 2320 20. Mohulichuan 21 116 27 91 0 45 21. Pasrabahiar 494 2939 549 993 8 1467 22. Chaitadih 400 2149 448 422 1 1153 23. Jarbad 187 974 206 498 2 443 24. Kamarsali 153 933 185 208 0 438 25. Lakhari 71 413 103 377 0 95 26. Phuljori 250 1482 347 95 817 600 27. Bergi 100 543 108 26 0 307 28. Pandedih 415 2246 411 860 107 1319 29. Sihodih 1172 6725 1110 1234 65 4338 30. Sankarchak 48 313 55 176 58 151 31. Bhal Sumia 15 62 13 0 60 21 32. Kurbera 54 243 60 1 242 98 33. Karmatanr 18 93 19 58 0 15 34. Gondliajor 89 458 95 135 0 146 35. Bharkata 203 1111 256 390 241 460 36. Hazaribad 174 977 188 0 618 353 37. Maheshpur 14 75 11 0 0 41 38. Fulchi 344 1928 370 194 1088 734 39. Asoadih 27 161 44 0 153 50 40. Tarabali 52 305 47 0 305 104

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Sr.No. Villages Households Total Population Scheduled Scheduled Literates Population (0-6 Years) Caste Tribes 41. Koldiha 151 894 163 300 0 450 42. Jariagadi 483 2723 479 80 0 1566 43. Garhatanr 126 720 116 97 0 464 44. Mangrodih 560 3491 566 562 0 2077 45. Khandiha 373 2119 453 1387 7 930 46. Chunjka 604 3587 727 939 82 1634 47. Purnanagar 948 5706 1183 1027 1351 2837 48. Muturkha 1480 7972 1492 1109 948 3710 49. Jango 58 297 70 0 263 109 50. Khesmi 58 308 66 84 0 141 51. Baramasia 3 26 6 0 0 18 52. Terkha 17 97 15 0 0 48 53. Balho 97 494 128 0 199 232 54. Jitjor 0 0 0 0 0 0 55. Jaspur 281 1570 344 177 1183 525 56. Chunglo 257 1536 328 637 99 737 57. Gujiadih 57 303 67 138 0 138 58. Chepo 50 308 63 0 289 84 59. Gopai 263 1518 289 267 2 843 Total 13819 80141 15511 17298 9907 40800 Deori Tehsil 60. Koiridih 2 13 3 0 0 7 61. Sonbad 394 2093 417 397 45 1168 62. Gadi 284 1598 321 11 172 745 63. Saharpura 76 431 93 0 431 59 64. Dighria Khurd 142 834 144 34 488 320 65. Dighria Kalan 124 752 136 48 20 446 66. Khutabandh 78 520 109 0 0 131 67. Baghra 140 896 189 145 0 401 68. Kesotanr 94 539 128 235 0 208 69. Adhnachua 79 515 125 0 0 185 70. Barbad 1 5 0 0 0 4 71. Bhandaridih 191 1167 254 625 182 501 Total 1605 9363 1919 1495 1338 4175 Gande Tehsil 72. Telkhari 54 326 55 0 0 178 73. Belatanr 219 1258 276 128 705 520 74. Dhodhia 99 543 125 26 58 208 75. Kachhel 205 1221 235 189 0 565 76. Ratabahiar 147 951 165 136 32 582 77. Teljhri 43 263 51 10 71 105 78. Margodih 141 889 146 0 0 473 79. Asanbani 27 166 26 0 0 75 80. Dhobana 95 561 133 0 539 163 81. Maheshmunda 105 539 99 0 534 282

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Sr.No. Villages Households Total Population Scheduled Scheduled Literates Population (0-6 Years) Caste Tribes 82. Chengarbad 152 914 176 0 847 287 83. Mahadeodih 86 475 84 0 475 209 84. Sankardih 45 298 75 0 255 28 85. Merkhogundi 57 290 47 0 0 192 86. Barhagari 9 42 3 0 0 26 87. Chutiadih 57 440 98 0 141 157 88. Nawadih 21 143 20 0 0 98 89. Pandedih 19 95 20 0 0 42 90. Ambadih 63 390 92 0 0 92 91. Kairadih 135 777 177 131 368 316 92. Udaipur 197 1082 256 0 1070 347 93. Charakmara 95 545 129 369 170 244 Total 2071 12208 2488 989 5265 5189 Grand Total 17495 101712 19918 19782 16510 50164 (Source: PCA Census 2011, Jharkhand State) Household and Population Total number of households in the study area is about 17,495 with total population about 101,712 with male population is 52,847 (51.95%) and female population is 48865 (48.04%). The average family size i.e person per family is 4.8. It can be concluded from the data obtained that the rural area is densely populated.

Fig 3.24: Bar Diagram Representing the Population in the Villages

Population 0-6 Age-Group Out of the total population, the population of children within the age of 0-6 age- group is 19918 (19.58%). Sex Ratio & Child Sex Ratio Sex ratio (No. of females per 1000 males) is 924 which indicates that females are less in number than their male counterpart while the Child Sex ratio is 928 i.e. no. of female child per 1000 male child. It can be concluded from the data that adult

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female is higher than the female child area. The graphical presentation of the distribution of population is given in fig below:

Fig 3.25: Bar Diagram Representing the Ratio of Population In The Study Area Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes Population Scheduled caste population in rural area is 19,782 (19.44%) and scheduled tribe is 16,510 (16.23%) in the study area.

Fig 3.26: Bar Diagram Representing the Population Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes in the Study Area Literacy Rate in the Study Area Out of the total population 50,164 i.e 49.31% are indentified as literates in the rural area with 61.56% as male literates and 38.43% as female literates. The literacy level of the region is avergae while male populations are more literates as compared to the female population.

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Fig 3.27: Bar Diagram Representing the Population Male and Female Literates in the Study Area It can be inferred from the data collected that the study area is densely populated and the Child female population is higher as compared to the adult female population. Scheduled caste population is higher than the scheduled tribe’s population in the study area. Literacy rate is on an average in the region but female literacy is low in the study area. 3.3.10.2 Occupational Pattern in Study Area ‘Work’ has been defined as participation in any economically productive activity. Such participation may be physical or mental. Persons on leave and under training are also treated as workers. However, rent receivers and pensioners are not treated as workers. Total Workers Occupational pattern of any region mainly depends upon its economically active group i.e. the working populations involved in different economically productive activities. The total workers further categorized as main worker, marginal and the non-working population. Occupational pattern of the villages within 10 km study area is given in Table 3.15. Table: 3.15 Occupational Structure of The Study Area Sr.No. Villages Total Main Workers Marginal Non- Main Cultivators Agricultural Household Other Workers Workers Workers Laborers Laborers Workers Giridih District Giridih Tehsil 1. Turukdiha 187 0 5 25 157 143 1003 2. Biswasdih 69 0 15 5 49 65 432 3. Tikodih 374 4 2 0 368 35 1318

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Sr.No. Villages Total Main Workers Marginal Non- Main Cultivators Agricultural Household Other Workers Workers Workers Laborers Laborers Workers 4. Burhiadih 421 5 0 0 416 222 1762 5. Harsingh Raidih 476 6 7 6 457 206 1604 6. Jambad 374 5 4 0 365 15 1224 7. Rautgadi 154 4 3 6 141 34 467 8. Jogibad 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 9. Koemara 230 47 6 0 177 130 971 10. Chirudih 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11. Jhalakdiha 30 7 0 2 21 206 419 12. Birangadda 63 10 17 0 36 26 270 13. Dandiadih 87 6 0 2 79 28 300 14. Bishunpur 236 3 2 0 231 114 1005 15. Jaridih Pachamba 110 1 4 14 91 75 526 16. Salaia 16 3 0 8 5 0 46 17. Kalyandih 265 3 2 25 235 106 785 18. Mohanpur 388 10 0 2 376 59 1122 19. Bhandaridih 876 5 267 22 582 132 3016 20. Mohulichuan 30 0 0 0 30 13 73 21. Pasrabahiar 505 11 2 27 465 278 2156 22. Chaitadih 580 7 2 7 564 37 1532 23. Jarbad 104 0 0 3 101 191 679 24. Kamarsali 280 3 1 27 249 9 644 25. Lakhari 111 0 88 0 23 106 196 26. Phuljori 199 15 3 91 90 522 761 27. Bergi 156 77 3 0 76 40 347 28. Pandedih 508 30 1 14 463 251 1487 29. Sihodih 1597 166 56 72 1303 421 4707 30. Sankarchak 12 4 0 0 8 98 203 31. Bhal Sumia 18 1 0 0 17 14 30 32. Kurbera 38 0 2 0 36 43 162 33. Karmatanr 4 2 1 0 1 40 49 34. Gondliajor 11 10 1 0 0 228 219 35. Bharkata 96 61 23 0 12 408 607 36. Hazaribad 82 47 8 0 27 172 723 37. Maheshpur 7 0 0 0 7 13 55 38. Fulchi 718 22 1 1 694 105 1105 39. Asoadih 1 0 0 0 1 36 124 40. Tarabali 134 0 0 0 134 25 146 41. Koldiha 307 0 2 34 271 19 568 42. Jariagadi 689 15 1 82 591 111 1923 43. Garhatanr 182 44 46 15 77 20 518 44. Mangrodih 485 34 23 5 423 441 2565

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Sr.No. Villages Total Main Workers Marginal Non- Main Cultivators Agricultural Household Other Workers Workers Workers Laborers Laborers Workers 45. Khandiha 396 3 43 9 341 108 1615 46. Chunjka 395 0 1 1 393 449 2743 47. Purnanagar 590 73 9 5 503 1371 3745 48. Muturkha 1688 136 90 42 1420 1036 5248 49. Jango 12 9 2 0 1 143 142 50. Khesmi 50 32 8 1 9 100 158 51. Baramasia 7 0 7 0 0 4 15 52. Terkha 18 0 16 0 2 10 69 53. Balho 136 87 29 13 7 105 253 54. Jitjor 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 55. Jaspur 152 24 1 16 111 620 798 56. Chunglo 114 6 1 0 107 386 1036 57. Gujiadih 11 11 0 0 0 138 154 58. Chepo 15 2 1 0 12 123 170 59. Gopai 161 55 44 1 61 281 1076 Total 14955 1106 850 583 12416 10112 55074 Deori Tehsil 60. Koiridih 2 1 0 0 1 5 6 61. Sonbad 491 47 16 10 418 442 1160 62. Gadi 394 44 11 1 338 474 730 63. Saharpura 103 0 9 0 94 111 217 64. Dighria Khurd 80 1 30 0 49 479 275 65. Dighria Kalan 180 21 8 12 139 157 415 66. Khutabandh 93 15 1 2 75 84 343 67. Baghra 164 34 4 0 126 383 349 68. Kesotanr 115 8 0 0 107 265 159 69. Adhnachua 82 15 0 0 67 225 208 70. Barbad 3 1 0 0 2 2 0 71. Bhandaridih 267 5 3 0 259 359 541 Total 1974 192 82 25 1675 2986 4403 Gande Tehsil 72. Telkhari 74 3 0 0 71 12 240 73. Belatanr 143 0 1 1 141 408 707 74. Dhodhia 33 0 0 1 32 152 358 75. Kachhel 91 33 4 2 52 358 772 76. Ratabahiar 146 1 0 0 145 433 372 77. Teljhri 40 0 0 0 40 94 129 78. Margodih 266 72 134 1 59 69 554 79. Asanbani 10 0 0 0 10 80 76 80. Dhobana 137 19 0 0 118 186 238 81. Maheshmunda 89 9 0 2 78 230 220 82. Chengarbad 68 3 28 3 34 456 390 83. Mahadeodih 77 0 1 0 76 197 201

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Sr.No. Villages Total Main Workers Marginal Non- Main Cultivators Agricultural Household Other Workers Workers Workers Laborers Laborers Workers 84. Sankardih 22 1 0 0 21 199 77 85. Merkhogundi 16 0 0 0 16 126 148 86. Barhagari 6 3 0 0 3 17 19 87. Chutiadih 12 0 0 2 10 241 187 88. Nawadih 15 0 0 0 15 71 57 89. Pandedih 46 34 0 0 12 17 32 90. Ambadih 19 9 0 0 10 193 178 91. Kairadih 96 0 1 0 95 447 234 92. Udaipur 248 102 20 110 16 174 660 93. Charakmara 5 0 0 1 4 204 336 Total 1659 289 189 123 1058 4364 6185 Grand Total 18588 1587 1121 731 15149 17462 65662 (Source: PCA Census 2011, West Bengal, Jharkhand State) A. Main Workers Main workers are those who have worked for a major part of the year (i.e. at least six months or 183 days). Main activity of a person who was engaged in more than one activity was reckoned in terms of time disposition. Main Workers in the study area are about 18588 i.e 18.27% of the total population. The total population comes under the main workers category from the villages coming in the project site. Main workers are further classified into 4 categories viz. cultivators, agricultural labours, household labous and other workers. Cultivators Maximum population of 8.53% is engaged as Cultivators’i.e depended on agriculture. It can be concluded from the data that the populations in the villages is mainly engaged in agriculture activity. Agricultural Labours Persons working on land owned by others for wages or share in the yield have been treated as agricultural laborers. Out of the total population under main worker category agricultural labour population is about 6.03%. Household Labours The laborers engaged in household activity are quite low in all the study area. Among the total main workers population only 3.93% is engaged in household activity. Other Workers All main workers i.e. those who have been engaged in some economic activity during the last one year and who are neither cultivators nor agricultural laborers or household industry workers are classified as other main workers. The type of

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workers that come under this category includes factory workers, plantation workers, those in trade, commerce, business, transport, construction, political or social works, all government servants, municipal employees, teachers, priests, entertainers, artists etc. Out of total population under Main Worker category maximum population i.e. 81.49% is found to be engaged as other workers. The distribution of Main Workers under 4 different categories is graphically represented for village and urban area in Fig 3.28.

Fig 3.28: Distribution of workers under Main Worker Category in the study area B. Marginal Workers Marginal workers are those who have worked any time in the year for less than six months or 183 days but have not worked for a major part of the year. The population of marginal workers in the study area is about 17.16% of the total population. C. Non-Workers Non-Workers are those who have not worked any time at all in the year. Non- workers constitute householders, students, dependents, retired persons etc. It is being observed that the 64.55% population is unemployed in villages.

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Fig 3.29: Occupational structure in the study area Out of total working population major portion is absorbed in agricultural sector. Thus, it can be said that the economy of the study area is primarily based on agriculture. It is observed from the data that the distribution of population in main workers and marginal workers are almost equal in proportion whereas in the non – worker population it is very high. 3.3.10.3 Infrastructure Resource Base in Study Area The details of infrastructure resources base of the study area with reference to education, medical facility, water supply, post and telegraph, transportation, communication facility, power supply, existence of nearest town etc. are presented in Table 3.16. Table 3.16: Infrastructure Resource Base of the Study Area Sr.No. Amenities Availability in Number 1. Education Facility P (89), M (35), Pvt (P(3), S(2), Ssc(1)) 2. Medical Facility PHC (--), PHS (10), MCW (1), D(4) 3. Drinking Water Facility T (22), UnT (7), CW (9) UCW (80), HP (87) 4. Drainage Facility CD (1), OD (31) 5. Communication Facility PO (11), M (39) 6. Transportation Facility BS (1), Tx (12) 7. Approach Road PR (93), KR (93) 8. Power Supply ED (52), EAG (18) Source: Village amenities 2011, Jharkhand State

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Abbreviations: Educational Medical Facilities Drinking Water Supply Communication Institutions P : Primary PHC : Primary T : Tap Water PO : Post Office School health Centre M : Middle PHS : Primary CW : Covered M : Mobile School health sub Well Water Connections centre S : Secondary D : Doctor UCW : Uncovered Drainage Facility School Cilinic Well Water Ssc : Senior MC : Maternity HP : Hand pump OD : Open Drainage Secondary W Child & School Welfare Centres Pvt P : Private UnT : Untreated CD : Covered Drainage primary Tap water School Power Supply Approach Road Transportation Socail Security ED : Electricity PR : Pucca Road BS : Bus CB : Commercial Bank for domestic purpose EAG : Electricity KR : Kuccha Tx : Taxi Service for road Agriculture purpose The significant features of these important parameters for each study area are discussed as below: Educational Facility The numbers of educational institution in the study area are primary schools (89), middle school (35), and Secondary schools in Purnanagar and Fulchi and senior secondary schools are in Harsingh Raidih village. In some villages it is extended to high schools. For further studies people have to avail the facility from the nearest town i.e. Giridih City. Drinking Water Facility The numbers of major sources of drinking water in the study area is through Hand Pumps in 87 villages, Uncovered Well in 80 villages, Tap water in 22 villages, untreated Tap water in 7 villages, Covered Well in 9 villages of the study area. Medical Facility Health of the people is not only a desirable goal, but it is also an essential investment in human resources. As per the data recorded in the village amenities CD, Primary health Centre is not available in study area villages, Primary health sub- centre (PHS) are available in 10 villages, Maternal Child Welfare Centre is in 1 village

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only and Dispensaries are available in 4 villages. Government Hospital is in Gadsirampur village (1.5 kms from project site), Beniadih Hospital (4.7 kms), Geonka Hospital is 5.2 kms from the site. It can be observed that the study area has fair numbers of medical facilities. Sanitation & Drainage Facility Sanitation facility is poor in the villages of the study area. Out of the total number of villages in the study area there is only 1 village (Chunglo) having the closed drainage system while the open drainage system is available in 57 villages. The garbage disposal system is available in Chaitadih, Jarbad, Kamarsali, Purnanagar, Muturkha, Margodiha and Chutiadih villages. It is attributed from the data that different health problems are reported which could be attributed to improper sanitation, lack of health awareness among the people and lack of health related infrastructure facilities Communication Facility Communication facility is available in the form of Post office is available only in 11 villages and 39 villages in the study area have Mobile connections. At the present time most of the villagers have mobile phones for communication. Transportation Facilty Public Bus Service is available in 1 village and private taxi is available in 12 villages. Approach Road Pucca roads (Bitumen and Paver block) are available in 93 villages while Kuccha road is available in 3 villages. This shows that the approach roads are available in all the villages which makes easier to travel to long distances. Power Supply Electricity is available for domestic use in 52 villages of the study area but is available for only 12-13 hours a day. Electricity is available for agriculture purpose in only 18 villages. The List of the amenities available within the 5 kms of project site is given below: S.No. Particulars Details of the Amenities 1. Education Centres  Primary Middle School Tikodih, Giridih  Primary & Middle School, Tikodih  Middle School, Udnabad  Middle School, Purananagar  Giridih High School  Government Middle School & JPP Public School Gadsirampur 2. Hospital  Government Hospital, Gadsirampur  Beniadih Government Hospital,

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S.No. Particulars Details of the Amenities  Sadar Hospital, Giridih  Primary Health Sub-Centre, Fulchi 3. Temples  Shiv Mandir, Bhiswadih  Hanuman Mandir, Chunjaka  Shri Ram Mandir, Puranagar  Durga Mandir, Giridih 4. Police Station  Town Thana Police Station 5. Post Office  Post Office, Barganda  Budhiyadih Post Office  Giridih Post Office 3.3.10.4 Economic Resource Base in Study Area Agriculture and Agro-based industries in Giridih The study area has abundant water resources in form of rivers, ponds, lakes etc and the soil has medium level fertility status hence majority of population is engaged in agriculture as occupation to sustain their livelihood. The rural population in the region practices agriculture, dairy, poultry and apiculture. Fishing has also emerged as a popular occupation in rural region since past few years. Approximately 7000 families rely on fishing to earn their livelihood. The farmers in the region works in the fields in specific season’s and rest of the year they work in nearby mining industries. 3.3.10.5 Cultural and Aesthetic Attributes in Study Area As such no culturally and aesthetically important places are located within the 10 kms radius of the study area. 3.3.10.6 Socio-Economic Survey In order to access and evaluate likely impacts arising out of any development projects on socio economic environment, it is necessary to gauge the apprehensions of the people in the study areas. The methodology which is applied for primary source of data collection i.e. gathering data through field survey for socio-economic environment is depicted below: Sampling Method A judgmental and purposive sampling method was used for choosing respondents of various sections of the society i.e. Sarpanch, adult males and females, teachers, medical practitioners, businessmen, agriculture laborers, unemployed group etc. Judgmental and purposive sampling method includes the right cases from the total population that helps to fulfill the purpose of research needs. Sample Size The sample size of roughly 10-20% of the total Study area is selected that may include all strata of the study area (including women and other vulnerable groups). Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 92 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

Data Collection Method For the process of data collection through primary source certain methods are used among that are: Field Survey and Observations Field survey and observations is made at each sampling village and the socioeconomic status of that region is studied. Visits are made at hospitals, primary health centers and sub-centers to know the health status of the region. Various governmental organizations such as statistical department, department of census operations are visited to collect the population details of that region. Interview Method Structured interview method is used to collect data regarding the awareness and opinion from the samples selected of the various socio- economic sections of the community. Structured interviews involve the use of a set of predeterprojectd questions that includes fixed and alternative questions. The questionnaire mainly highlights the parameters such as income, employment and working conditions, housing, food, water supply, sanitation, health, energy, transportation and communication, education, environment and pollution to assess the standard of living of that particular region and general awareness, opinion and expectation of the respondents about the proposed project. Interview method helps to collect more correct and accurate information as the interviewer is present during the field survey. Total 8 villages located in all directions with reference to the project site within the study area were selected for conducting the socio-economic survey. List of the villages is provided below: Table 3.17: List of the Villages for Field Survey

S.No. Villages Direction from the Project Site 1. Bhiswadih Project Site

2. Tikodih SW

3. Gadsirampur NE 4. Beniadih W 5. Fulchi E 6. Giridih W 7. Puranagar S

8. Chunjaka W

Apart from the survey of the socio-economic condition of the sampling villages, the respondents were asked for their awareness/opinion about the proposed project

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and also about the possible impacts of the project which are an important aspect of socio-economic environment, viz. job opportunities, education, health care, housing, transportation facility and economic status. Analysis for Socio-Economic Survey The salient observations recorded during socio economic survey of the sampling villages are depicted below:  It has been observed that majority of Main Workers in the villages are engaged as other workers. As the non-worker population is more in the villages surveyed people are expecting employment generation after the start of proposed project.  Most of the villages are equipped with Primary and Middle school facility. Many villages also have High school facility whereas Secondary school was only available in Gadi Srirampur, Fulchi, Giridih and Purananagar. Villagers mentioned for aid they require in providing basic infrastructure for school in some villages.  People generally prefer private hospitals because of the inadequate facilities at government hospitals and mostly travel to the Giridih for better treatment.  Source of drinking water is mainly through hand pumps and uncovered wells but villagers mentioned about the scarcity of drinking water during summer season.  Most of the houses had toilet facility and the method of disposal was through independent septic tanks. But due to absence of dedicated garbage disposal system and closed drainage system poor sanitation & hygine conditions were observed. This has resulted in frequent spread of diseases in the villages.  Most of the study area villages are having Pucca roads connected with district major roads.  LPG is mainly used as the cooking fuel in the villages. Only few numbers of houses were noted using kerosene stove or wood as cooking fuel.  Most of surveyed population was aware about the setting up of the industry but very few are aware about the expansion proposed in the project. People opted positive response regarding the proposed project activity in the view of employment potential and forecasted development of auxiliary as well as ancillary jobs such as hotels/restaurants, vehicle repairing shop, tea stalls, fair shops etc. by local people near the project site during the construction/operation period. 3.3.11 ECOLOGY AND BIODIVERSITY Floral and faunal surveys conducted for assessing the biological diversity and its status over a period of time that forms an integral part of Impact Assessment Techniques. The present study is highlighting the various issues pertaining to floristic

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diversity and the faunal wealth including Ethno-botany and silvicultural issues in the submergence area and also the area beyond the limit of the submergence. Accordingly, for the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies, the total area has been sub-divided into the following areas;  Core Zone: i.e. Project Site of M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd.  10 km radius buffer zone  Natural vegetation in the study area (Core & Buffer Zone).  Forest area (Protected/Reserved)  Rivers and Ponds in vicinity 3.3.11.1 Objectives of the study The biological study of the area has been conducted in order to understand the ecological status of the existing flora and fauna to generate baseline information and evaluate the probable impacts on the biological environment. The main objectives of biological study were: Terrestrial Ecology: The study was undertaken with a view:  To assess nature and distribution of the vegetation in the area.  To evaluate the dominant species of plant and animal. To list the endangered species of flora and fauna.  To mark the wetlands and other ecologically sensitive areas such as national parks/ sanctuaries.  To assess the effect of construction and operation of the project on existing ecology.  To Asses the spawning and feeding habitats of aquatic species with respect to time and location. Aquatic Ecology: The study was carried out in the project site aiming at:  Inventorization of different aquatic species (plankton (phyto & zoo), benthos, fishes).  To identify the feeding and breeding grounds of economically important fishes.  To assess the existing status of endangered species

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Table 3.18: Mode of data collection and parameters considered during the Survey Sr. Aspect Data Mode of Data Parameters Remarks No. collection monitored 1. Terrestrial Primary By field survey Floral and For Floral Diversity: Biodiversity data Faunal Random survey, collection diversity sapling survey/forest inventory, walking transect, collection and identification with the help of relevant literature. For Faunal Diversity: direct and indirect sampling, walking transect, point sampling and nest sampling etc. 2. Secondary From authentic Floral and Data collected from data sources like Faunal the working plan of collection Forests diversity and the region, forest department and study of types from the available vegetation, authentic literature published forest type, of Champion & Seth. literatures from importance ZSI, BSI etc. etc. 3. Aquatic Primary By field survey Floral and For Plankton Study- Biodiversity data Faunal Lackey’s drops diversity method and light microscope For other aquatic- Random survey, opportunistic observations 4. Secondary From authentic Floral and Desktop literature data sources like Faunal review to indentify collection Forests diversity and the representative department. study of spectrum of vegetation, threatened species, forest type, population and importance ecological etc. communities. 3.3.11.2 Site Selection Criteria Eight sampling locations were selected to study the terrestrial eco-system, with due consideration to the following points.

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A. Major affected area B. Natural vegetation in the study area. C. Protected Forest/Reserve Forest areas in the study area. D. Natural Water Bodies in the study area Terrestrial Study was conducted at eight locations across the chain-age. This study was conducted at two locations. The biological study of terrestrial flora, fauna and aquatic biota has been done for different transects. However, the surveys have also been created for the entire area in the vicinity of proposed Project. 3.3.11.3 Terrestrial Ecology Assessment Floral Diversity Methodology: The present study on the floral assessment for the project activity is based on field survey of the area. Inventory Methodology was adapted to the baseline data of floral diversity in a corridor of 10km width on either side along the entire stretch of the proposed project using the relevant toposheets of scale 1:50000. A forest inventory is “an attempt to describe the quantity and quality of forest trees and many of the characteristics of the land area upon which the trees are grown.” The objective this floral inventory of the study area, is to provide complete checklist of floristic structure along the entire stretch of the proposed project for formulating effective management and conservation measures. The tree species, shrubs, herbs and climbers observed in the study area are represented in the Table 3.19. Interpretation: The forests are characterized by the presence of broad-leaved deciduous trees like Sal (Shorea robusta), Asan (Terminalia alata), Bhallaatak (Semecarpus anacardium), Palash (Butea monosperma), Piasal (Pterocarpus marsupium), Mahua (Madhuca longifolia) and Eucalyptus Sp. etc. The understory consists of bamboo clumps, lantana and Christmas bushes. Climbers like Bushwillow (Combretum decandrum), Air potato (Dioscorea bulbifera), Satamuli (Asparagus racemosus) etc. are found in close association with the trees and shrubs. Trees in the non-forest areas are tropical dry mixed deciduous in nature. There are many avenue trees present along the road sides and in urban plantations. The main species are Siris (Albizia procera), Kachnar (Bauhinia variegata), Amaltas (Cassia fistula), Banyan (Ficus benghalensis), Pipal (Ficus religiosa), Teak (Tectona grandis), Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna), Jacaranda (Jacaranda mimosifolia), Subabul (Leucaena leucocephala), Silver oak (Grevillea robusta) etc. All these species are economically important as well as providing green canopy cover across the study area.

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Common shrubs randomly distributed within the non-forest areas such as barren lands, waste lands, and periphery of water bodies. The main species are Akanda (Calotropis procera), Arni (Clerodendrum phlomidis), Ber (Ziziphus jujuba), Cassia (Cassia tora, C. fistula), Dhatura (Datura stramonium), Vasaka (Adhatoda vasica) etc. Table 3.19: Checklist of Natural Vegetation (Core & Buffer Zone) Sl. No. Botanical Name Local Name Family Trees 1. Acacia nilotica Kikar Mimosaceae 2. Acacia pennata Feather Acacia Mimosaceae 3. Alstonia scholaris Chatim Apocynaceae 4. Aegle marmelos Bel Rutaceae 5. Anogeissus latifolia Dhawra Combretaceae 6. Albizia lebbeck Siris Mimosaceae 7. Albizia odoratissima Kala Siris Leguminosae 8. Albizia procera Safed Siris Mimosaceae 9. Azadirachta indica Neem Meliaceae 10. Semecarpus anacardium Bhilwa Combretaceae 11. Azadirachta indica Neem Meliaceae 12. Bauhinia vahlii Mahul Sapotaceae 13. Bauhinia variegata Kachnar, Papri Leguminosae 14. Bombax ceiba Semal Bombaceae 15. Butea monosperma Dhak, Palah Fabaceae 17. Cassia angustifolia Indian senna Fabaceae 18. Cassia fistula Amaltas Fabaceae 19. Diospyros melanoxylon Kendu Ebenaceae 20. Dalbergia sissoo Shisham Fabaceae 21. Delonix regia Gulmohar Fabaceae 22. Emblica officinalis Amla Leguminosae 23. Enterolobium cyclocarpum Elephant ear Mimosaceae 24. Erythrina variegata Indian coral tree Fabaceae 25. Erythrina suberosa Dhaul, Padiara Fabaceae 26. Eucalyptus globulus Eucalyptus Myrtaceae 27. Flacourtia indica Indian Plum Flacourtiaceae 28. Ficus benghalensis Bar, Bargad Moraceae 29. Ficus glomerata Gular Moraceae 30. Ficus religiosa Peepal Moraceae 31. Grevillea robusta Silver oak Proteaceae 32. Lagerstroemia speciosa Banaba Lythraceae 33. Holarrhena antidysenterica Kutaja Apocynaceae 34. Jacaranda mimosifolia Jacaranda Bignoneaceae 35. Lagerstroemia parviflora Sidha Lythraceae 36. Leucaena leucocephala Subabul Fabaceae 37. Mangifera indica Aam Anacardiaceae 38. Madhuca longifolia Mahua Sapotaceae

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Sl. No. Botanical Name Local Name Family 39. Melia azadirachta Bakain Meliaceae 40. Magnolia champaca Champaka Magnoliaceae 41. Millingtonia hortensis Indian Cork Tree Bignoniaceae 42. Moringa oleifera Sanjna Moringaceae 43. Pithecellobium dulce Jangli jalebi Fabaceae 44. Peltophorum pterocarpum Copper-pod Caesalpiniaceae 45. Phoenix sylvestris Kahjur Arecaceae 46. Polyalthia longifolia Mast tree Annonaceae 47. Pongamia pinnata Karanj Papilionaceae 48. Prosopis juliflora Vilaiti kikar Mimosaceae 49. Psidium guajava Amrud Myrtaceae 50. Shorea robusta Sal Dipterocarpaceae 51. Schleichera oleosa Kusum Sapindaceae 52. Syzygium cumini Jamun Myrtaceae 53. Tamarindus indica Imli Fabaceae 54. Tectona grandis Teak Lamiaceae 55. Terminalia arjuna Arjun Combretaceae 56. Terminalia bellirica Bahera Combretaceae 57. Terminalia alata Asan Combretaceae 58. Ziziphus mauritiana Ber Rhamnaceae Bamboo 59. Bambusa arundinacea Kanta bans Poaceae 60. Dendrocalamus strictus Bamboo Poaceae SHRUBS 61. Alangium salvifolium Ankula Alangiaceae 62. Abutilon indicum Kanghi Malvaceae 63. Adhatoda vasica Vasaka Acanthaceae 64. Agave americana Ram Ban Agavaceae 65. Calotropis procera Shet-akanda Asclepiadaceae 66. Calotropis gigantea Akanda Asclepiadaceae 67. Cassia sophera Kolokasunda Caesalpiniaceae 68. Chromolaena odorata Christmas bush Asteraceae 69. Clerodendrum phlomidis Aarni Lamiaceae 70. Cleistanthus collinus Garrar Euphorbiaceae 71. Combretum decandrum Combretums Combretaceae 72. Dodonaea viscosa Mehndar Sapindaceae 73. Duranta erecta Duranta Verbenaceae 74. Euphorbia sp. Euphorbia Euphorbiaceae 75. Eupatorium cannabinum Ayapana Asteraceae 76. Gossypium herbaceum Kapas Malvaceae 77. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Jaba Malvaceae 78. Ipomoea carnea Bara Kalmi Convolvulaceae 79. Indigofera pulchella Kathi, Nil Fabaceae 80. Jatropha glandulifera Lal-bharenda Euphorbiaceae 81. Jatropha gossypifolia Verenda Euphorbiaceae

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Sl. No. Botanical Name Local Name Family 82. Leonotis nepetifolia Lal guma Lamiaceae 83. Lantana camara Chotra Verbenaceae 84. Meyna laxiflora Mayna Rubiaceae 85. Mimosa rubicaulis Karingan Fabaceae 86. Ocimum gratissimum Ramotulsi Lamiaceae 87. Polygonum capitatum Smartweed Polygonaceae 88. Ricinus communis Rehri Euphorbiaceae 89. Sida cordifolia Berela Malvaceae 90. Sida rhombifolia Lal berela Malvaceae 91. Tabernaemontana divaricata Tagar Apocynaceae 92. Urena lobata Bon okra Malvaceae 93. Vitex negundo Bana Lamiaceae 94. Woodfordia fruticosa FireFlame Bush Lythraceae 95. Zizyphus mauritiana Beri Rhamnaceae HERBS 96. Achyranthes aspera Apang Amaranthaceae 97. Acalypha indica Muktajhurih Euphorbiaceae 98. Ageratum conyzoides Dochunty Asteraceae 99. Amaranthus spinosus Katanotey Amaranthaceae 100. Anisomeles indica Bhuta-airi Lamiaceae 101. Andrographis paniculata Kalmegh Acanthaceae 102. Argemone mexicana Seyalkanta Papaveraceae 103. Barleria prionitis Daskaranta Acanthaceae 104. Boerhavia diffusa Punarnaba Nyctaginaceae 105. Boerhavia repens Ghodapuruni Nyctaginaceae 106. Centella asiatica Thankuni Umbelliferae 107. Cleome viscosa Hurhure Cleomaceae 108. Commelina benghalensis Kansiri Commelinaceae 109. Croton bonplandianum Kbon-tulsi Euphorbiaceae 110. Cassia tora Chakundo Caesalpiniaceae 111. Cyperus rotundus Motha Cyperaceae 112. Crotalaria retusa Atasi Papilionaceae 113. Datura stramonium Dhatura Solanaceae 114. Dentella repens Bhuipat Rubiaceae 115. Eclipta prostrata Kesutti Asteraceae 116. Eicchornia crassipes Kachuripana Pontedeniaceae 117. Euphorbia hirta Boro-karni Euphorbiaceae 118. Hyptis suaveolens Vilayti Tulsi Lamiaceae 119. Hygrophila longifolia Kantakalia Acanthaceae 120. Heliotropium indicum Hatisur Boraginaceae 121. Ixora coccinea Rangan Rubiaceae 122. Limnophila indica Karpur Scrophulariaceae 123. Lippia nodiflora Bhui okra Verbenaceae 124. Leonurus sibiricus Raktadrones Lamiaceae 125. Leucas aspera Shetadrones Lamiaceae

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Sl. No. Botanical Name Local Name Family 126. Mimosa pudica Lajjabati Mimosaceae 127. Musa x paradisiaca Kanch-kala Musaceae 128. Musa balbisiana Kodoli Mosaceae 129. Nymphaea pubescens Saluk Nymphaeaceae 130. Ocimum sanctum Tulasi Lamiaceae 131. Physalis minima Bon-tepari Solanaceae 132. Phyllanthus urinaria Hazarmani Phyllanthaceae 133. Ruellia tuberosa Popping pod Acanthaceae 134. Solanum nigrum Kakmachi Solanaceae 135. Tridax procumbens Tridaksha Asteraceae 136. Typha elephantina Hogla Typhaceae CLIMBERS 137. Asparagus racemosus Satamuli Liliaceae 138. Bauhinia vahlii Gront Caesalpiniaceae 139. Combretum roxburghii Punk Combretaceae 140. Coccinia grandis Telakucha Cucurbitaceae 141. Dioscorea bulbifera Gachalu Dioscoriaceae 142. Dioscorea oppositifolia Shora-alu Dioscoriaceae 143. Mukia maderaspatana Bilavi Cucurbitaceae GRASSES 144. Apluda varia Chunkarki Poaceae 145. Aristida depressa Lambi Poaceae 146. Chrysopogon fulvus Dholu Poaceae 147. Chrysopogon gryllus Dholu Poaceae 148. Chrysopogon montanus Dholu Poaceae 149. Cynodon dactylon Dhoob Poaceae 150. Eragrostis tenella Bharbusi Poaceae 151. Eragrostis unioloides Kush Poaceae 152. Heteropogon contortus Lamb, Sariala Poaceae 153. Imperata cylindrica Oolu Poaceae 154. Pennisetum orientale Fountain Grass Poaceae 155. Thysanolaena maxima Phulijharu ghas Poaceae Forest Types: The Study area falls under the climatic zone “Tropical wet and dry” (Koppen Classification1), under agro-climatic zone 2 “Eastern Plateau and Hills Region” and under agro-ecological zone “Eastern Plateau and Hill regions - hot sub-humid eco- region3 characterized by hot dry sub-humid ecosystem with Red soils and Length of Growing Period (LGP) 150-180 days. The vegetation / forest in the study area fall under Tropical Dry Deciduous (Dry peninsular Sal Type SB/C/C) as per Champion & Seth (1968)4. The forests are mainly on the open ridges and in the undulating valleys and can primarily be categorized as reserved and protected. The trees are mainly deciduous, evergreen types and with thick undergrowth. The forest types observed in the study area are

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of moist tropical deciduous forest, which tends to become tropical dry deciduous forest. Four principal vegetation types within the study area were recognized during survey: i. Open Sal forest associated with mixed jungle ii. Open jungle iii. Degraded forest dominated with Palash and Mahua iv. Scrub forest v. Plantation of Acacia, Eucalyptus and Bamboo Faunal Diversity Methodology: A linear transect of 1.0 km each was chosen for sampling at each site. Each transect was trekked for 1.5 hr for the sampling of faunal diversity through following methods for different categories. For the sampling of butterflies, the standard ‘Pollard Walk’ method was employed and all the species recorded daily. Voucher specimens of the species that could not be identified in the field were collected using a butterfly net besides photographing them. For bird’s sampling, ‘Point Sampling’ along the fixed transect (Foot trails) was carried out. All the species of birds were observed through a binocular and identified with the help of field guide book and photographs. For the sampling of mammals, direct count on open width (20m) transect was used. In addition, information on recent sightings/records of mammals by the villagers/locals was also collected. For carnivores, indirect sampling was carried out and the mammals were identified by foot marks, faeces and other marks/sign created by them. In case of reptiles mainly lizards were sampled by direct count on open width transects. The study of fauna takes substantial amount of time to understand the specific faunal characteristic of area. The assessment of fauna has been done by extensive field survey of the area. During survey, the presence of wildlife was also inhabitants depending on animal sightings and the frequency of their visits in the project area which was later confirmed from forest department, Wildlife Department etc. To prepare a detailed report on the status of wildlife biodiversity within 10 km radial area along the proposed project to assess the impacts due to the project activity and evolve suitable mitigation measures to protect and conserve wildlife biodiversity following components were studied: a) Wildlife Survey (Diversity) b) Habitat Study (Feeding, Breeding and Roosting areas) c) Distribution/Status of Birds

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d) Rare & Endangered species of Fauna e) Specific local characteristics of biodiversity in the study area. Interpretations: In presence of natural forest (Dalma Wildlife Sanctuary), there is an abundance of wild animals in the study area. Peacocks can be easily seen in the study area, even in villages. The domestic animals observed in the study area are mainly mammals and aves as listed in the Table 3.20. List of birds, reptiles, amphibians and rodents based on information gathered from local enquiries and Forest department is also presented in Table 3.20. Table 3.20: Faunal Diversity observed along core and buffer zone Sr. No. Scientific Name Common Name Status AVIFAUNA 1. Accipiter badius Shikra Schedule IV 2. Acridotheres ginginianus Bank Myna Schedule IV 3. Acridotheres tristis Common Myna Schedule IV 4. Alcedo atthis Small Blue Kingfisher Schedule IV 5. Anhinga melanogaster Indian Darter Schedule IV 6. Apus affinis House Swift Schedule IV 7. Apus apus Common Swift Schedule IV 8. Ardeola grayii Pond Heron Schedule IV 9. Bubo bubo Owl Schedule IV 10. Bubulcus ibis Cattle Egret Schedule IV 11. Ceryle rudis Pied Kingfisher Schedule IV 12. Chloropsis aurifrons Golden Fronted Leaf-Bird Schedule IV 13. Clamator jacobinus Pied Cuckoo Schedule IV 14. Columba livia Rock Pigeon Schedule IV 15. Coracias benghalensis Indian Roller Schedule IV 16. Corvus splendens House Crow Schedule IV 17. Coturnix coturnix Bater Schedule IV 18. Cuculus micropterus Indian Cuckoo Schedule IV 19. Dendrocitta vagabunda Tree Pie Schedule IV 20. Dicrirus macrocercus Black Drongo Schedule IV 21. Dicrurus paradiseus Racket Tailed Drongo Schedule IV 22. Egretta garzetta Little Egret Schedule IV 23. Emberiza bruniceps Red Headed Bunting Schedule IV 24. Eudynamys scolopacea Asian Koel Schedule IV 25. Gallinula chloropus Indian Moorhen Schedule IV 26. Gallus gallus Red Jungle Fowl Schedule IV 27. Halcyon smyrnensis White Breasted Kingfisher Schedule IV

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Sr. No. Scientific Name Common Name Status 28. Haliastur Indus Brahminy Kite Schedule IV 29. Hierococcyx varius Common Hawk Cuckoo Schedule IV 30. Ixobrychus minutes Common Little Bittern Schedule IV 31. Megalaima zeylanica Brown Headed Barbet Schedule IV 32. Meropus orientalis Green Bee Eater Schedule IV 33. Meropus persicus Blue Cheeked Bee Eater Schedule IV 34. Merops philippinus Blue Tailed Bee Eater Schedule IV 35. Microcarbo niger Little Cormorant Schedule IV 36. Milvus migrans Black Kite Schedule IV 37. Nectarinia asiatica Purple Sun Bird Schedule IV 38. Nectarinia minima Small Sun Bird Schedule IV 39. Orthotomus sutorius Tailor Bird Schedule IV 40. Parus major Grey Tit Schedule IV 41. Passer domesticus House Sparrow Schedule IV 42. Phalacrocorax carbo Great Cormorant Schedule IV 43. Ploceus philippinus Baya Schedule IV 44. Pseudibis papillosa Indian Black Ibis Schedule IV 45. Psittacara holochlora Green Parakeet Schedule IV 46. Psittacula krameri Rose Ringed Parakeet Schedule IV 47. Pycnonotus cafer Red Vented Bulbul Schedule IV 48. Saxicola caprata Pied Bush Chat Schedule IV 49. Saxicoloides fulicata Indian Robin Schedule IV 50. Streptopelia chinensis Spotted Dove Schedule IV 51. Streptopelia decaocta Ring Dove Schedule IV 52. Upupa epops Common Hoopoe Schedule IV 53. Tadorna ferruginea Brahminy Duck Schedule IV 54. Turdoides caudatus Common Babbler Schedule IV 55. Turdoides striatus Jungle Babbler Schedule IV 56. Vanellus indicus Red Wattled Lapwing Schedule IV MAMMALS 57. Cynopterus sphinx Short Nosed Indian Fruit Bat Schedule-V 58. Pteropus giganteus Indian Fruit Bat Schedule-V 59. Felis chaus Jungle Cat Schedule-II 60. Sus scrofa Wild Boar Schedule-III 61. Funambulus pennantii Five Striped Palm Squirrel Schedule-IV 62. Canis aureus Jackal Schedule-III 63. Suncus murinus Indian House Shrew Schedule-IV 64. Hyaena hyaena Hyaena Schedule-II 65. Hystrix indica Indian Porcupine Schedule-IV

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Sr. No. Scientific Name Common Name Status 66. Lepus nigricolis Hare Schedule-IV 67. Vulpus benghalensis Fox Schedule-II 68. Macaca mulatta Monkey Schedule-II 69. Rattus rattus Rat Schedule-V 70. Herpestes edwardsii Mongoose Schedule-II 71. Boselaphus tragocamelus Nilgai Schedule-III 72. Cervus unicolor Samber Schedule-III 73. Viverricula indica Small Indian Civet Schedule-II REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS 74. Naja Hannah King Kobra Schedule-II 75. Calotes versicolor Garden Gecko Schedule-IV 76. Nabix stolata Bamhuni Schedule-II 77. Eutropis macularia Bronze Grass Skink Not Available 78. Bungarus caeruleus Common Indian Krait Schedule-IV 79. Ptyas mucosus Indian Rat Snake Schedule-II 80. Vipera russelli Russel Viper Schedule-II 81. Eublepharis species Fat Tailed Gecko Schedule-II 82. Naja naja Indian Kobra Schedule-II 83. Hemidactylus flaviviridis House Lizard Schedule-II 84. Rana hexadactyla Indian pond frog Schedule-IV 85. Duttaphrynus melanostictus Common Indian Toad Not Listed 86. Hoplobatrachus tigerinus Indian Bull Frog Schedule-IV 87. Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis Indian Skipper Frog Schedule-IV 88. Bufo stomaticus Marble Toad Not Listed BUTTERFLIES 89. Ixias Marianne White orange tip Common 90. Papilio demoleus Lime butterfly Common 91. Euploea core Common crow Common 92. Cyrestis thyodamas Common map Common 93. Papilio polytes Common mormon Common 94. Eurema hecabe Common Grass Yellow Fairly Common 95. Danaus genutia Stripped Tiger Common 96. Hypolimanas misippus Danaid Egg Fly Common 97. Mycalesis perseus Common Bush Brown Common 3.3.11.4 Aquatic Diversity Assessment The biological species are the best indicators of environmental quality. This includes different species, such as, phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthos, fishes etc. Studies on biological aspects of certain ecosystems are an important part of any environmental impact assessment in view of the need for conservation of

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environmental quality and safety of aquatic life. Baseline data was generated by conducting a baseline survey on existing aquatic environmental conditions in and around the proposed Project on the Usri Nadi, Barakar Nadi, Ojrabad Nadi, Ganduba Nadi, and other drainages. Assessment of Phytoplankton and Zooplanktons The samples for qualitative and quantitative analysis of planktons were collected from the sub surface layer at knee depth. Water samples were filtered through plankton net of 20µ mesh size (APHA, 1971). The filtered samples were concentrated by using the centrifuge. By using Lackey’s drops method and light microscope (Lackey, 1938), the qualitative analysis was carried out for phytoplankton and zooplankton (Table 3.21). The standard flora and other literature were followed for the qualitative evaluation of Plankton. Table 3.21: Phytoplankton and Zooplanktons Recorded in the Study Area PHYTOPLANKTONS ZOOPLANKTONS Family Species Group Species Cymbella sp. Cyclops sp Cyclotella sp. Copepod Nauplius larva Bacillariophyceae Diatoma sp. Diaptomus sp Gomphonema sp. Daphnia sp Navicula sp. Cladocera Ceriodaphnia sp Nitzschia sp. Diaphnosoma sp Ankistrodesmus sp Bosmina sp Chlorococcum sp Asplanchna sp Chlorophyceae Cholera sp Brachionus sp Closterium sp Rotifer Filinia sp Coelastrum sp Keratella sp Eudorina sp Anabaena sp Anacystis sp Cyanophyceae Lyngbya sp Merismopedia sp Phormidium sp Euglenophyceae Euglena sp Phacus sp Assessment of Fishes Fish occurrences were determined by collecting samples using different fishing gears like cast net, scoop net, hand net, hook-line, pot and open local devices methods. Also visual observations in different habitats were made. Fishes were identified up to the species level with the help of keys of Jayaram (1981), Menon (1987) and Talwar and Jhingran (1997). IUCN red data list (2006) was compared to assess threatened, endangered and vulnerable species in the study area.

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Table 3.22: Common fish species recorded in Buffer Zone Sr. No. Local Name Scientific Name 1. Balia Wallagonia attu 2. Baligarada Glosogobius giuris 3. Banspati Ailla coha 4. Bhakura Catla catla 5. Chenga Ophiocephalus qachua 6. Chitala Notopterus chitala 7. Dandkhiri Esomus dandrica 8. Denga Lebeo bata 9. Gadisa Ophiosephalus punctatus 10. Illisi Hilsa ilisa 11. Jalanga Pangasius pangasius 12. Jallah Chela argentea 13. Kantia Myotus cavasius 14. Kerandi Barbus ambassis 15. Kou Anabas tistudineus 16. Mangura Clarius batracus 17. Mahurali Ambypharyngdon mola 18. Mirikali Ciirrhinia mrigala 19. Phalli Notopterus notopterus 20. Rohi Labeo rohita 21. Seula Ophiocephalus striatus 22. Singi Heterophneustes fossilis 23. Todi Mastacombelus armatus Assessment of Aquatic Floral Diversity Wetlands are very useful to us. By producing resources, enabling recreational activities and controlling flood and pollution, they contribute to the national and local economies and environmental consequences. Wetlands provide important and incredible services to society, these services can neither be sold nor do they have the market value and tried to give wetlands an economic value. Table 3.23: Wetland/Marshland Diversity of Study area Family Botanical Name Local Name Salviniaceae Azolla pinnata Mosquito Fern Asteraceae Caesulia axillaris Maka Ceratophyllaceae Ceratophyllum demersum Hornwort Poaceae Chrysopogon zizanioides Vetiver Poaceae Coix lacryma-jobi Adlay Millet Araceae Colocasia esculenta Taro Commelinaceae Commelina benghalensis Kana Cyperaceae Cyperus alternifolius Umbrella Sedge Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris filix-mas Fern Dryopteridaceae Dryopteris sieboldii Fern Poaceae Echinochloa colona Shama

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Family Botanical Name Local Name Pontederiaceae Eichhornia crassipes Jal Kumbhi Asteraceae Grangea maderaspatana Madras Carpet, Mustaru Acanthaceae Hygrophila salicifolia --- Convonvulaceae Ipomea aquatic Kalmi Shak Lemnaceae Lemna minor Duck Weed Onagraceae Ludwigia adscendens Water Primrose Marsileaceae Marsilea quadrifolia Four Leaf Clover Sterculiaceae Melochia corchorifolia Bilpat Nelumbonaceae Nelumbo nucifera Lotus, Kamal Nymphaeaceae Nymphaea pubescens White Lotus Oxalidaceae Oxalis corniculata Amrul Pandanaceae Pandanus odoratissimus Keora Urticaceae Pilea microphylla Gun Powder Plant Polygonaceae Polygonum hydropiper Marsh Pepper Knot Weed Portulacaceae Portulaca oleracea Little Hog-Weed Potamogetonaceae Potamogeton natans Floating Pond Weed Lythraceae Trapa natans Water Chest Nut Ranunculaceae Ranunculus sceleratus Aglaon Polygonaceae Rumex dentatus Ambavati Typhaceae Typha angustata Patera Lentibulariaceae Utricularia gibba Floating Bladderwort Plantaginaceae Veronica anagallis- Water Speedwell aquatica

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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT CHAPTER 4 M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, ANTICIPATED Jharkhand ENVIRONMENTAL 3 Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m ) of capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant IMPACTS & MITIGATION (24 ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production MEASURES capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

CHAPTER 4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 INTRODUCTION Environmental impact in the study area is any alteration of environmental conditions or creation of new set of environmental conditions, adverse or beneficial, caused or induced by the impact of project. Prediction involves identification and assessment of potential impacts of the project on surrounding environment which is a significant component of EIA studies. The likely impacts of various activities of the proposed project on the environment were identified. These impacts were assessed for their significance based on the background environmental quality in the area and the magnitude of the impact. All components of the environment were considered and wherever possible, impacts were evaluated in quantitative/qualitative terms. Several scientific methods are available to qualify and predict the impact of project on environmental attributes such as water, air, noise, land ecological socio-economic. Such predictions are superimposed, over baseline environmental status to derive post project scenario of the environmental conditions. The resultant (post-project) quality of environmental parameters is reviewed with respect to the permissible limits. Based on the impacts thus predicted, preventive and mitigation measures were formulated and incorporated in the environmental management plan to minimize adverse impacts on environmental quality during and after project execution. The environmental impacts can be categorized as primary and secondary. Primary are those which are directly attributed to the project and secondary impacts are those which are indirectly induced due to primary impacts and include those associated with investment and socio-economic status. The projected impact may be broadly divided into two phases.  During construction phase: These may be regarded as temporary or short term and ceases with implementation of the project.  During operation phase: These impacts are continuous warranting built in permanent measures for mitigation and monitoring. Construction and operation phase of the project comprises of various activities, each of which will have an impact on some or other environmental parameters. Impacts on environmental parameters during construction and operational phase have been studied to estimate the impacts on environment. The impacts have been predicted for the proposed project assuming that the pollution due to the existing activities has already been covered under baseline environmental monitoring.

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4.2 IDENTIFICATION & CHARACTERIZATION OF IMPACTS The wastes and pollutants generated due to various activities of the project cause impacts on different environmental attributes. The major project activities and the anticipated environmental impacts of the proposed expansion are discussed below under the following categories:  Impacts and mitigation measures due to project location  Impacts and mitigation measures due to project design  Impacts and mitigation measures during construction  Impacts and mitigation measures during operation. 4.2.1 Impacts and mitigation measures due to project location Existing plant is having Mini Blast Furnace & Coke Oven (under violation). These Units were installed during 2007. The proposed expansion for installation of Induction Furnace shall be carried within the existing plant area of 4.75 Hectares. No additional land shall be required for the project. Considering that the land required for the proposed expansion is already in possession, no change in land use shall be done and no person shall be displaced or made landless. Hence, no significant negative impact is envisaged due to the project location. Project shall have benefits of being surrounded by the other similar industrial units in terms of skilled manpower, transportation facility, raw material availability, etc. 4.2.2 Impacts and mitigation measures due to project design The existing project (under violation) is for production of Pig Iron and Coke through 1x23 m3 Mini Blast Furnace and Coke Ovens, respectively. The proposed project is for installation of 1x6 Ton Induction Furnace as downstream facility to produce more economically viable MS Ingots as semi-finished product. The proposed project envisaged state of art technology presently available in the country and thus no anticipated impacts are envisaged due to the project design. 4.2.3 Impacts and mitigation measures during construction For installation of Induction Furnace major constructional activity carried will be like foundation works, fabrication and erection of plant machineries. The construction phase is expected to be about 22 (Twenty-two) months. The expansion will be undertaken in two phases. The impacts on the environment shall be low as all the front for construction shall not be opened at a time. The major activities during construction phase are given below: Project Activities 1. Civil works 2. Fabrication 3. Vehicular movement Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 110 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

4. Loading and unloading of construction items and plant machineries 5. Storage of construction items & plant machineries 6. Erection & Installation of structures and machineries 7. Maintenance of construction machinery 8. Power supply 9. Appropriate Disposal of generated solid wastes 4.2.4 Impacts and Mitigation measures during Operation phase The major activities at M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. Pvt. Ltd., in the operational phase will involve storage & handling of various raw materials like Iron Ore, Coal, Dolomite, Limestone, Manganese Ore, Sponge iron, Scrap etc. and operation of Coke Oven, Mini Blast Furnace & Induction Furnace. These activities may affect the environment in varying degrees through natural resources depletion viz. water consumption, release of pollutants (particulates and gaseous emissions), effluent discharge, run-off from storage areas etc. Air, water and noise may be affected due to these activities. Associated activities, e.g. transportation of materials, canteen etc., may also affect air, water and noise environment. Greenbelt development in the project site will have a positive impact, not only on flora and fauna but also on the air quality, noise and soil characteristics. Positive impacts on socio-economic environment are expected due to employment, infrastructure development and also due to developmental activities, to be taken up by the project management under CER and other provisions. The major project activities and the affected environmental parameters are given below: Project Activities 1. Operations of various plant units e.g. Mini Blast Furnace, Coke Ovens, Induction Furnaces, Ingot caster, etc. 2. Storage and handling of raw material and products 3. Transportation of raw materials, products and personnel 4. Water supply, storage and treatment 5. Solid wastes management 6. Wastewater management 7. Gaseous emission management Pollution Sources 1. Flue gases from BF Stoves, Coke Ovens and Induction Furnace 2. Fugitive emissions due to handling of raw materials, from process, movement of vehicles, etc. 3. Cooling Tower blow down and Softening Plant waste water. 4. Noise from Cold blast from MBF, Induction Furnace, Coke Ovens, Compressor, Vehicular movements, etc 5. Storage and handling of solid wastes generated in the plant

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Affected Environmental Parameters 1. Air quality 2. Water quality and Water Resource 3. Noise quality 4. Soil quality 5. Biological environment 6. Socio-Economic Conditions 4.3 IMPACT MATRIX Environmental impacts could be positive or negative, direct or indirect, local or regional and also reversible or irreversible. The primary function of an environment impact assessment study is to predict and quantify the magnitude of these impacts, evaluate and assess the importance of the identified changes, present information and monitor actual changes. Therefore, impacts due to various activities associated with the proposed project are studied, identified and are presented as matrix in Table-4.1. Further the characteristics of these impacts have been evaluated and they are presented as matrix in Table- 4.2A, 4.2B. Table 4.1: Impact Identification Matrix Environmental Attributes No. Activities Land Socio- Air Noise Water Ecology Aesthetics & Soil Economic Construction phase 1. Storage of Raw materials √ √ √ √ Ready-mix concrete 2. √ √ √ preparation Transportation of raw 3. √ √ √ √ materials 4. Construction activities √ √ √ √ Operational phase Transportation of Raw 1. √ √ √ √ Materials to Site Transportation of Raw 2. Materials to Mini Blast √ √ √ Furnace Operation of Mini Blast 3. √ √ √ √ √ Furnace Transportation of Coal to 4. √ √ √ √ √ the Coal Bunker Charging of Coal in Coke 5. √ √ √ Ovens

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Environmental Attributes No. Activities Land Socio- Air Noise Water Ecology Aesthetics & Soil Economic 6. Operation of Coke Ovens √ √ √ √ Pushing of Coke in 7. √ √ √ Quench Car 8. Cooling of Coke √ √ √ √ Transportation of Coke 9. √ √ √ to the MBF Charging of Raw 10. √ √ √ Materials in IF Operation of Induction 11. √ √ √ √ √ Furnace Operation of Domestic 12. √ √ utilities Development of 13. √ √ √ Greenbelt 14. Employment generation √

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Table-4.2A Characteristics of Environmental Impacts from Construction Phase

Activity Environmental Impact characteristics Cause attributes Nature Duration Reversibility Significance, Mitigative measures Noise generation from Direct Insignificant. Personnel Protective Noise Pollution Short Term Reversible earth moving equipment Negative Equipment (PPE) shall be used. Air Pollution Direct Insignificant. Personnel Protective Excavation of the area Short Term Reversible (Dust) Negative Equipment (PPE) shall be used. Site clearing Insignificant, as the proposed Direct Land use Change of Land use Long Term Irreversible expansion shall be within the land Negative already acquired. Removal of vegetation and Direct Ecology Long Term Reversible Insignificant, No cutting of trees loss of flora & fauna Negative Medium, Regular emission checks of Transportation Air Pollution Transportation of scrap / Direct vehicles shall be performed. Short Term Reversible of scrap/ (Dust & Gases) waste material by trucks Negative Materials shall be transported in spares/ waste covered trucks with tarpaulin sheet. material/ Noise generated from Insignificant, Regular vehicle construction Direct Noise Pollution loading / unloading and Short Term Reversible maintenance shall be done. PPE shall material Negative movement of vehicles be provided to the workers. Operation of construction Insignificant. PPE shall be provided Air Pollution Direct machinery, welding & Short Term Reversible to the workers. Water sprinkling (Dust & Gases) Negative Construction others activities shall be done to control dust. activities Generation from Direct Significant. PPE shall be provided to Noise Pollution Short Term Reversible constructional activities Negative workers

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Activity Environmental Impact characteristics Cause attributes Nature Duration Reversibility Significance, Mitigative measures Insignificant. Storage will be Storage of constructional Direct temporary and during construction Land use Short Term Reversible material and machines Negative period only. Dedicated space shall be used for the purpose. Medium, Regular emission checks of Air Pollution Due to movement of Direct vehicles shall be performed. Disposal of Short Term Reversible scrap / waste (Dust & Gases) Vehicles Negative Materials shall be transported in material covered trucks with tarpaulin sheet. (including Insignificant, Regular vehicle Direct refractory) Noise Pollution Due to loading / unloading Short Term Reversible maintenance shall be done. PPE shall Negative be provided.

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Table 4.2(B): Characteristics of Environmental Impacts from Operational Phase

Activity Environmental Cause Impact characteristics attributes Nature Duration Reversibility Significance, Mitigative measures Transportation and Storage of Raw Materials Medium. Iron Ore shall be transported to Air Pollution Transportation of the site by rail till railway sidings at Girdih. (Dust & Iron Ore & Direct Short Term Reversible Then by Trucks/Dumpers covered with Vehicular Dolomite to the Negative Tarpaulin sheet to the project site. Regular Emission) Site Handling & emission check of vehicles. Transportation Low, the unloading will be done in of Iron Ore & underground hoppers. More over there will The coal is Dolomite Air Pollution be water sprinkling system. So that unloaded from Direct (Dust Short Term Reversible minimum dust emission will occur. trucks in to the Negative Emission) Use of PPEs by the workers exposed to such coal storage yard incidents will be strictly ensured by management. Handling & Air Pollution Medium. Coal / raw materials will be Transportation of Transportation (Dust & Direct transported by Trucks/Dumpers covered Coal and other Short Term Reversible of Coal and Vehicular Negative with Tarpaulin sheet to the project site. raw materials other raw Emission) Regular emission check of vehicles.

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Activity Environmental Cause Impact characteristics attributes Nature Duration Reversibility Significance, Mitigative measures materials Low, the unloading will be done in covered area. More over there will be water Unloading of raw Air Pollution sprinkling system. So that minimum dust materials from Direct (Dust Short Term Reversible emission will occur. trucks in to the Negative Emission) Use of PPEs by the workers exposed to such storage yard incidents will be strictly ensured by management. Storage of Raw Air Pollution Due to fine Insignificant. Stationary sprinkler shall be Direct materials (Dust material being air Short Term Reversible installed to sprinkle water on materials in Negative Emission) born. dry season Storage on land Insignificant. Storage is on concrete flooring Land and seepage Direct with covered shed Short Term Irreversible Contamination during rainy Negative season Coke Oven Unit Insignificant, the coal crusher will be Air Pollution Crushing of the Direct entirely covered. Also, dust extraction Short Term Reversible Operation of (Coal Dust) Coal Negative system consisting Cyclone and Bag filter will Crusher be provided to control coal dust emission. Crushing of the Direct Significant, Rubber mounting for Crusher Noise Pollution Short Term Reversible Coal Negative shall be used for reduced noise.

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Activity Environmental Cause Impact characteristics attributes Nature Duration Reversibility Significance, Mitigative measures Land contamination due to coal dust will be insignificant due to proposed installation of Land pollution Crushing of the Direct Short Term Reversible adequate pollution control facilities. The (coal Fines) Coal Negative crusher area will be made of RCC platform; hence no ground contamination will occur. Maintenance of Crushing of the Direct Significant, Preventive maintenance will be Noise Pollution Short Term Reversible Crusher Coal Negative done to ensure minimum noise Insignificant, the entire conveyer belt will Transportation Air pollution be covered to prevent coal dust emission to Conveyance of of Crushed Coal (Fugitive) Direct the atmosphere. Coal to Coal Short Term Reversible to Silo through Negative Significant, moreover preventive bunker Conveyor Noise pollution maintenance of conveyor belt will be done to ensure minimum noise. Insignificant, the charging of coal from Generation of dust bunker to charging car will be done by Charging of coal Direct Air pollution emission during Insignificant Reversible closed pneumatic feeding system. Hence to charging car Negative charging there will be less chances of release of dust to the atmosphere. Insignificant, the oven will be working under negative pressure. Moreover the Coal dust Charging of coal Direct charging will be done with charging car in to Air pollution emission, Fugitive Short Term Reversible to Oven Negative the charging hole of each oven which will emission be fully automated and no human presence will be required.

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Activity Environmental Cause Impact characteristics attributes Nature Duration Reversibility Significance, Mitigative measures Significant, the management will ensure proper usage of ear plugs/ muffs by Operation of Direct Noise pollution Short term Reversible workers. Moreover, charging car will have a charging car Negative cabin, this will ensure that heat and noise will not affect the charging car operator. Insignificant, the oven will be operated under negative pressure in the completely Operation of the Direct Air Pollution Fugitive emission Short Term Reversible closed system ensuring complete Ovens Negative combustion of the toxic and flammable substance. Insignificant, the complete carbonization will not result in to emission of hazardous substance during pushing of the coke to the Operation of the Direct Air Pollution Fugitive emission Long Term Reversible quenching platform. At higher temperature Pusher Car Negative in the oven complete combustion of the volatile matter and faster conversion will be ensured. Low, Wet quenching shall be done in Quenching Tower. Waste water from Resource Quench pond shall be recycled for Quenching of Conservation / Water used for Direct Short term Irreversible quenching. Make-up water shall be added. Coke Solid waste quenching Negative Coke fines shall be removed from the pond Generation and will be given to Sinter Plant for Sinter Mix.

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Activity Environmental Cause Impact characteristics attributes Nature Duration Reversibility Significance, Mitigative measures Generation of Coke fines will be taken out with the help of Direct Coke fines from Long Term Reversible grab bucket, periodically and will be sold to Negative Quench pond the nearby Sinter plant Insignificant, Bag filter system shall be Coke dust Direct installed at Coke Crusher & Screen. Dust Air Pollution emission spillage Short term Reversible Negative suppression system shall be installed at on land transfer points, Junction houses Spillage during Closed Conveyor system shall be installed Resource Direct Coke Transfer, transportation of Short term Reversible for transportation of Coke. Conservation Negative Crushing & Coke Screening Insignificant, the entire coke storage yard will be made of RCC. Moreover, coke Coke dust Land Direct unloading will be done in the covered area emission spillage Short term Reversible contamination Negative before sending it to the coke crusher for on land screening & sizing. So, there will be no spillage of coke dust on land. Insignificant, the coke shall be transported by closed conveyor to Bunkers for storage. In case additional quantity required to be Air Pollution Direct store in open, the storage floor area shall Storage of Coke (fugitive dust Dust emission Short Term Reversible Negative be of Concrete. Coke shall be prevented emission) from being Air borne by water spraying in dry weather.

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Activity Environmental Cause Impact characteristics attributes Nature Duration Reversibility Significance, Mitigative measures Mini Blast Furnaces Transportation Significant. Dust suppression system shall and unloading be installed, if required. No worker exposed of Iron Ore, Air pollution Fugitive dust to the area. Direct Short Coke and Flux to (fugitive dust emission during Reversible Negative Term the Stock Bins at emission) unloading Material Handling area Fugitive dust Direct Short Insignificant, Dust extraction system with Air Pollution Reversible Screening of emission Negative Term Bag Filter shall be provided. Iron Ore, Coke Significant, Rubber mounting shall be used Noise due to Direct Short & Flux Noise Pollution Reversible for reduced noise. PPE will be provided to screening Negative Term workers working in this area. Loading of Insignificant, No worker will be exposed to Air Pollution material on skip Fugitive dust Direct Short the fugitive emission in this area as fully (fugitive dust Reversible / conveyor for emissions Negative Term automated system shall be installed. Proper emission) charging ventilation system shall be provided Air pollution Tapping of hot Insignificant, Dust extraction system shall Direct Short (fugitive dust metal and slag and Reversible be provided. Negative Term Operation of emission) pouring in ladle. Blast Furnace Noise from Blast Direct Short Significant, PPE shall be provided to the Noise Pollution Reversible Furnace Tuyeres Negative Term workers working in this area.

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Activity Environmental Cause Impact characteristics attributes Nature Duration Reversibility Significance, Mitigative measures Blast Furnace slag Slag will be granulated and will be sold to Positive generated along Long Term Irreversible the nearby Cement Companies. Solid Waste Impact with hot metal generation Blast Furnace Flue dust will be sold to the Generation of BF Direct Short Reversible nearby Sinter plants. Flue dust Negative Term

Water used for Water after cooling shall be recycled. Make- Resource Direct Short granulation of BF Reversible up water will be added Conservation Negative Term Slag Insignificant, Dust Catcher followed by Blast Furnace Gas cyclone separator and Bag Filter shall be Blast Furnace Resource Direct Short arising out during Reversible provided to clean the gas. Bag Filter Dust Gas Conservation Negative Term iron making collected shall be given to Sinter plant. Clean gas will be used for stove heating. Insignificant, almost all cleaned Blast Air Pollution Blast Furnace Gas Heating of Direct Short Furnace Gas shall be used as fuel for stove (Stack shall be used for Reversible Stoves Negative Term heating; stack emission shall be within the Emission) Stove Heating norm. Induction Furnace

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Activity Environmental Cause Impact characteristics attributes Nature Duration Reversibility Significance, Mitigative measures Insignificant, Water sprinkling shall be done on ‘Kaccha Haul Road’. Regular vehicle Haul road dust Air maintenance and pollution check shall be Air Pollution emission. Gaseous Pollution Short done. Raw material will be covered with (Fugitive emissions due to Reversible (Dust & Term tarpaulin during transportation. Besides, emissions) Vehicle exhaust Transportation Gases) the management will ensure proper usage of raw materials of the personal protective equipment by (Sponge Iron, the workers to avoid any exposure to dust Pig Iron & Alloys) to the Significant, the unloading will be done in During unloading Direct Short covered area from low height. PPE shall be site Reversible Noise Pollution of materials Negative Term provided to the workers working in this area Insignificant, Regular vehicle maintenance Due to vehicle Direct Short Reversible will be done movement Negative Term

Charging of Insignificant, Bag Filter shall be provided to Air Pollution Fugitive emission Material in Direct Short control fugitive emissions during charging (Fugitive during charging of Reversible Induction Negative Term emission) materials Furnace Fugitive emissions Insignificant, Dust extraction system with Operation of Air Pollution, and heat Bag filter system shall be installed to reduce Direct Short Induction Thermal generation during Reversible emission within standards. Negative Term Furnace Pollution melting of hot metal & scrap

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Activity Environmental Cause Impact characteristics attributes Nature Duration Reversibility Significance, Mitigative measures During liquid steel Significant, Slag generated during the Solid waste making process Direct process after crushing shall be used for land Long Term Irreversible generation slag will be Negative filling/road making. generated Domestic Waste Operation Operation of The Domestic sewage will be disposed into Water Direct Domestic Washroom, toilets Long Term Reversible septic tank followed by soak pits. Effluent, if Pollution Negative utilities Wastewater any, will be used for plantation. Green Belt Development Significant, development of a proper green Development Reduction in Plantation of trees belt along the boundary of the premises will and Air Pollution within premises. Direct serve as a buffer between the peripheries Long Term Reversible maintenance of and Noise to cover 33% of Positive and the industry, there by controlling the Green Belt Pollution the area air emissions and noise levels. Indigenous trees will be planted in three tire system. Socio-economic Development Positive Impact due to direct employment Manpower for of persons from the nearby area. Socio- construction and Employment Direct Substantial benefits in the form of contracts Economic operation shall be Long Term Reversible Generation Positive to local agencies for different services. Condition sourced from nearby villages Indirect Employment generation in different sectors like transportation, restaurants,etc.

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4.4 AIR ENVIRONMENT- IMPACT & CONTROL MEASURES 4.4.1. During Construction Phase During construction phase, dust is expected to be the main pollutant, which is associated with general construction activity including excavation, leveling and material handling. In this case, pollution emission sources are distributed throughout the project site and shall

fall under the category of area source. Concentration of particulate matter, SO2, NOX and CO may be slightly increased due to increased vehicular traffic. The impact of such activities would be temporary and restricted to the constructed phase. The impact will be confined within the plant boundary. The approach roads will be paved or tarred and vehicles will be kept in good condition to minimize the dust pollution due to vehicular movement. Proper upkeep and maintenance of vehicles, sprinkling of water on roads and construction site, providing sufficient vegetation all-around are some of the measure that would greatly reduce the impacts during the construction phase. It is likely that increase in SPM levels due to construction would mainly be confined to the project site and low as the construction activity will be carried out in the phased manner. Thus, it is inferred that minor negative impact within a few 100 meters from the source within the site would occur on the ambient air quality under the worst conditions, which will be mitigated by implementing environmental management plan. Thus, no significant impacts are expected on the overall ambient air quality due to construction activities, at the sensitive receptors outside the project premises. 4.4.2. During Operational Phase During operational phase air pollution shall be from Induction Furnaces, Coke Oven Plant, Mini Blast Furnace and Material Handling areas. 4.4.2.1. Emission from Point Source (Stack) Gaseous emission shall be from the flue gases generated from Induction Furnace, Coke Oven and Mini Blast Furnace. 4.4.2.2. Emission from Area Source (Fugitive Emission)  Pig Iron Plant: Fugitive emissions are expected during unloading of Iron Ore and Coke in their respective bins, Crusher, Screen and other transfer points and also during tapping and pouring.  Coke Oven Plant: Fugitive Emissions will arise from coal crushing area, carbonization of Coal, quenching of Coke and during Crushing and transportation of Coke to Blast Furnace and storage area.  Steel Melting Shop: Fugitive emissions are expected during charging of raw material into the induction furnace and during taping and pouring of hot metal.

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 Fugitive emission is also generated due to vehicular movement in the premises. 4.4.3. Air Pollution Dispersion Modeling Studies Emissions were analyzed for their impacts on the GLC for various distances using the dispersion modeling guidelines given by the Central Pollution Control Board, New Delhi and the dispersion modeling software AREMOD of the United States Environment Protection Agency (USEPA). 4.4.3.1 Air Quality Model- AERMOD Software Given source strength, meteorology and site geometry, AERMOD can predict pollutant concentrations for receptors located within the study area radius. The model helps in predicting concentrations of pollutants, such as oxides of nitrogen (NOx), Sulphur dioxide

(SO2) and particulate matter concentrations (PM10 & PM2.5). Model Input Parameters

 Meteorological data: Hourly data on wind speed, wind direction, calm, atmospheric temperature, etc were used. The mixing height for study period and area is built-in the software. Windrose diagram of one season meteorological data used for modeling is given below as Figure 4.1. The predominant wind direction is North. The calm condition prevailed for 17.2 % times. Average Wind Speed was 3.0 km/h.

Fig 4.1: Windrose Plot - Giridih (October to December)

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 Emission data: Stack emission data & reports were considered for modeling. The emissions details are given below: Table 4.3: Emission Data for Modeling Stack attached to MBF Stoves Stack height, m 30 Stack Diameter, m 1 Stack Exit Velocity, m/s 8.5 Stack Exit Temp, K 413 PM10 Emission, g/s 0.063 PM2.5 Emission, g/s 0.025 SO2 Emission, g/s 0.030 NO2 Emission, g/s 0.062 Stack attached to MBF hot metal and slag pouring spout Stack height, m 35 Stack Diameter, m 1.5 Stack Exit Velocity, m/s 12 Stack Exit Temp, K 453 PM10 Emission, g/s 0.24 PM2.5 Emission, g/s 0.09 Stack attached to Coke Oven Stack height, m 35 Stack Diameter, m 1.75 Stack Exit Velocity, m/s 6 Stack Exit Temp, K 413 Uncontrolled Condition PM10 Emission, g/s 20.99 Uncontrolled Condition PM2.5 Emission, g/s 8.36 PM10 Emission, g/s 0.508 PM2.5 Emission, g/s 0.233 SO2 Emission, g/s 0.64 NO2 Emission, g/s 1.5 Stack attached to Induction Furnace Stack height, m 30 Stack Diameter, m 1.2 Stack Exit Velocity, m/s 13.6 Stack Exit Temp, K 393 PM10 Emission, g/s 0.582

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Stack attached to MBF Stoves PM2.5 Emission, g/s 0.233 Stack attached to Coal Crusher & Screen Stack height, m 30 Stack Diameter, m 1 Stack Exit Velocity, m/s 5 Stack Exit Temp, K 318 PM10 Emission, g/s 0.183 PM2.5 Emission, g/s 0.075  The air pollution control equipment will be operated to achieve maximum pollution control efficiency the typical efficiency of different APC’s is bag filter – 98-99% & cyclones- 75-80%  Hourly Meteorology data for 3 months of the monitoring period has been taken as input.  Failure scenario considered for 1 hour, 24 hours period. Modeling Case-Scenarios Considered  Scenario-1: Failure of Control Equipment. Control equipment such as Cyclone separator/bag filters has been proposed for control of particulate matters emissions from various stacks. Simultaneous failure of all equipment is not possible. Hence, to run the model, worst case scenario has been considered as failure of one pollution control equipment for 1 day, before the unit is shut down for repair/maintenance.  Scenario-2: Under Controlled Conditions. Under controlled conditions, all pollution control equipment are expected to operate at desired emission levels. Emission from Vehicles The traffic study was carried at nearby SH-13 road for 24 hours which is near to project site. Emissions from the vehicles were analyzed for their impacts on sensitive receptors using the dispersion modeling system, AERMOD.

Emission Factors: The emission standards for Indian vehicles as proposed by The Automotive Research Association of India 2007, Air Quality Monitoring Project-Indian Clean Air Programme (ICAP) Draft report on “Emission Factor development for Indian Vehicles “as a part of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring and Emission Source Apportionment Studies. In order to estimate the emission of CO from these vehicles exhaust ARAI-2007 emission factors were used. The ARAI emission factors for CO emitting from heavy vehicles (diesel) is 3.92 gm/km or 6.32 g/mile. The emission load can be estimated by using the Emission Factors as given in Table 4.4. Table 4.4: Emission factors of Indian Vehicles

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Cumulative Modeling For the cumulative modelling, the traffic emission factor along with the point source data are considered. To compute the cumulative pollutant concentration at any location, the predicted incremental GLC are added to the base line ambient air quality of that location and compared the value with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. The predicted air quality is given below: Scenario 1: (Failure of Control Equipment) The predicted maximum cumulative GLC of

PM10 is 129.10µg/m³, whereas it is 57.98µg/m³ for PM2.5. The predicted cumulative

concentrations of PM10 & PM2.5 at baseline monitoring locations are presented in Table

4.5. The spatial distribution of PM10 & PM2.5 dispersion in 10 km study area is presented in Figure 4.2 & Figure 4.3. Table 4.5: Predicted GLC & Resultant Cumulative GLC at AQM Stations (Case: Failure of Control Equipment)

Max Ambient Conc. Predicted Max Resultant Conc. Location Location/ during study period Incremental Conc. 3 3 3 (µg/m ) Code Village (µg/m ) (µg/m )

PM10 PM2.5 PM10 PM2.5 PM10 PM2.5 A1 Project Site 81.6 34.6 19.4011 7.727 101.00 42.33 A2 Bishwasd 80.2 38.5 48.9 19.477 129.10 57.98 A3 Tirukd 86.2 41.5 11.734 4.673 97.93 46.17 A4 Shrampur 84.1 36.2 6.476 2.579 90.58 38.78 A5 Bhorad 85.9 40.7 2.774 1.105 87.00 41.81 A6 Chunjaka 79.1 33.4 4.585 1.826 83.69 35.23 A7 Burhiyad 85.2 43.0 7.654 3.0486 92.85 46.05 A8 Purnanagar 83.5 33.2 14.168 5.6429 97.668 38.84 NAAQ Standards, 2009 100 60

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3 Fig 4.2: Isopleths for Incremental Conc. (μg/m ) for PM10 (Scenario: Failure of Control Equipment)

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3 Fig 4.3: Isopleths for Incremental Conc. (μg/m ) for PM2.5 (Scenario: Failure of Control Equipment)

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Scenario 2: (Under Controlled Conditions) Under controlled conditions, all pollution control equipment is expected to be operating to maintain the desired emission levels. The predicted maximum incremental GLC (24-hour average) and predicted cumulative GLC at baseline air quality monitoring locations are presented in Table 4.6. The spatial

distribution of PM10, PM2.5, NOx and SO2 GLC in 10 km study area are presented in Figure 4.4 to Figure 4.7. Table 4.6: Predicted 24 Hourly GLC & Resultant Cumulative GLC at AQM Stations (Case: Control Equipment Working)

Max Ambient Conc. Predicted Max Incremental Resultant Conc. Location Location/ during study period 3 3 Conc. (µg/m ) (µg/m3) Code Village (µg/m )

PM10 PM2.5 NOx SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NOx SO2 PM10 PM2.5 NOx SO2 A1 Project Site 81.6 34.6 22.5 14 2.38 0.96 1.74 0.70 83.98 35.56 24.24 14.70 A2 Bishwasd 80.2 38.5 46.4 14.9 3.51 1.41 2.77 1.12 83.71 39.91 49.17 16.02 A3 Tirukd 86.2 41.5 24.1 24.5 0.87 0.35 0.74 0.30 87.07 41.85 24.84 24.80 A4 Shrampur 84.1 36.2 25.1 15.6 0.50 0.20 0.38 0.15 84.60 36.40 25.48 15.75 A5 Bhorad 85.9 40.7 36.5 16.4 0.30 0.12 0.19 0.08 86.20 40.82 36.69 16.48 A6 Chunjaka 79.1 33.4 26.3 14.9 0.50 0.20 0.36 0.15 79.60 33.60 26.66 15.05 A7 Burhiyad 85.2 43 28.4 16.3 0.66 0.27 0.46 0.19 85.86 43.27 28.86 16.49 A8 Purnanagar 83.5 33.2 19.5 14 0.98 0.39 0.85 0.34 84.48 33.59 20.35 14.34 NAAQ Standards, 2009 100 60 80 80

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3 Fig 4.4: Isopleths for 24 Hr. Incremental Conc. (μg/m ) for PM10 (Scenario: Control Equipment)

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3 Fig 4.5: Isopleths for 24 Hr. Incremental Conc. (μg/m ) for PM2.5 (Scenario: Control Equipment)

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Fig 4.6: Isopleths for 24 Hr. Incremental Conc. (μg/m3) for NOx (Scenario: Control Equipment)

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3 Fig 4.7: Isopleths for 24 Hr. Incremental Conc. (μg/m ) for SO2 (Scenario: Control Equipment)

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Interpretation  The major impact of failure of pollution control equipment was found at Bishwad (A1),

where a predicted concentration of PM10 is 129.10µg/m³ and it is 57.98µg/m³ for

PM2.5. In comparison, under controlled conditions, the predicted maximum cumulative 3 3 concentration of PM10 was 87.07µg/m & for PM2.5 was 43.26 µg/m . The high value at this location may be attributed to the strong wind blowing.

 The highest prediction levels of PM10 & PM2.5 were found at location A2 (Bishwasd) and A8 (Purnanagar), respectively. The relatively high values at these locations may be attributed to the meteorological conditions.

 Under failure condition, the predicted cumulative concentrations of PM10 at A1, A2 baseline monitoring locations were found to be slightly higher than the prescribed standard.

 Under controlled conditions, the predicted cumulative concentrations of PM10 & PM2.5 at all baseline monitoring locations were found to be meeting the prescribed standard 3 3 of 100µg/m and 60µg/m for PM10 & PM2.5, respectively.

 The predicted results of SO2 are based on the Sulphur contents of coal/dolomite/char proposed to be used in the plant. Average Sulphur content of 0.49% has been used.

The predicted cumulative concentrations of SO2 at all baseline monitoring locations were found to be meeting the prescribed standard of 80µg/m3.

 The predicted cumulative concentrations of NO2 at all baseline monitoring locations were found to be meeting the prescribed standard of 80µg/m3. Mitigation Measures Based on Modeling  All pollution control equipment shall be checked on half yearly basis for any wear and tear and suitable repair/maintenance shall be carried out.  System shall be put in place to report equipment failure immediately. Emergency plan shall be laid out tackle pollution control equipment failures. All equipment failures shall be reported to CPCB/SPCB/Regional Office of MoEF&CC on 6 monthly basis with investigation report and corrective actions.  The site environmental/designated officer shall certify the emission data on daily basis. The records shall be maintained and submitted as part of half yearly compliance report.  Regular ambient air quality monitoring shall be performed at all baseline stations for checking compliance with NAAQ standards.  Greenbelt development shall be done within the project area along the boundary walls and any other suitable areas.

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4.4.4. Air Quality Index An air quality index (AQI) is a number used by government agencies to communicate to the public how polluted the air currently is or how polluted it is forecast to become. As the AQI increases, an increasingly large percentage of the population is likely to experience increasingly severe adverse health effects. There are six AQI categories, namely Good, Satisfactory, Moderately polluted, Poor, Very

Poor, and Severe. The AQI for proposed project will consider five pollutants (PM10, PM2.5,

NO2, SO2 and CO) for which short-term (up to 24-hourly averaging period) National Ambient Air Quality Standards are prescribed. Based on the measured ambient concentrations, corresponding standards and likely health impact, a sub-index is calculated for each of these pollutants. The worst sub-index reflects overall AQI. AQI will be calculated by using the following formula.

I= [Ihigh-Ilow/Chigh-Clow] (C-Clow) + Ilow Where, I - The Air Quality Index C - The pollutant concentration

Clow - The concentration breakpoint that is ≤ C

Chigh - The concentration breakpoint that is ≥ C

Ilow - The index breakpoint corresponding to Clow

Ihigh - The index breakpoint corresponding to Chigh The AQI values and corresponding ambient concentrations (health breakpoints) as well as associated likely health impacts for the identified eight pollutants are as follows: Table 4.7: AQI Category based on pollutants concentration

AQI Category, Pollutants and Health Breakpoints

AQI Category PM10 PM2.5 NO2 O3 CO SO2 NH3 Pb (Range) 24-hr 24-hr 24-hr 8-hr 8-hr 24-hr 24-hr 24-hr Good (0-50) 0-50 0-30 0-40 0-50 0-1.0 0-40 0-200 0-0.5 Satisfactory 51-100 31-60 41-80 51-100 1.1-2.0 41-80 201-400 0.5 –1.0 (51-100) Moderately 101- 101-250 61-90 81-180 2.1- 10 81-380 401-800 1.1-2.0 (101-200) 168 Poor 169- 801- 251-350 91-120 181-280 10-17 381-800 2.1-3.0 (201-300) 208 1200 Very poor 281- 209- 801- 351-430 121-250 17-34 1200-1800 3.1-3.5 (301-400) 400 748* 1600 Severe 430 + 250+ 400+ 748+* 34+ 1600+ 1800+ 3.5+ (401-500) (Ref: Table Info acquired from Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change)

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Table 4.8: Health impacts based on the AQI values

AQI Associated Health Impacts Good (0-50) Minimal Impact Satisfactory May cause minor breathing discomfort to sensitive people. (51-100) May cause breathing discomfort to people with lung disease such as Moderate asthma, and discomfort to people with heart disease, children and (101-200) older adults. Poor May cause breathing discomfort to people on prolonged exposure, and (201-300) discomfort to people with heart disease May cause respiratory illness to the people on prolonged exposure. Very Poor Effect may be more pronounced in people with lung and heart (301-400) diseases. May cause respiratory impact even on healthy people, and serious Severe health impacts on people with lung/heart disease. The health impacts (401-500) may be experienced even during light physical activity. (Ref: Associated health effects taken by the MoEF&C)

In the present study only 5 parameters are taken such as PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and CO. By considering the above 5 pollutants the calculated AQI at 8 locations are given. Table 4.9: Sub-Index values for each air pollutant at selected sites

Sub- Site Conc. Category Color Health Impact Index 3 Name of the pollutant: PM10 (µg/m ) A1 74.10 74 Satisfactory Light green May cause discomfort to sensitive people A2 73.30 73 Satisfactory Light green May cause discomfort to sensitive people A3 81.20 81 Satisfactory Light green May cause discomfort to sensitive people A4 76.50 77 Satisfactory Light green May cause discomfort to sensitive people A5 78.70 79 Satisfactory Light green May cause discomfort to sensitive people A6 73.20 73 Satisfactory Light green May cause discomfort to sensitive people A7 78.10 78 Satisfactory Light green May cause discomfort to sensitive people A8 71.0 71 Satisfactory Light green May cause discomfort to sensitive people 3 Name of the pollutant: PM2.5 (µg/m ) A1 29.0 48 Satisfactory Light green May cause discomfort to sensitive people A2 31.0 52 Satisfactory Light green May cause discomfort to sensitive people A3 37.40 62 Moderately Yellow Breathing Discomfort to people A4 30.80 51 Satisfactory Light green May cause discomfort to sensitive people

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Sub- Site Conc. Category Color Health Impact Index A5 35.10 59 Satisfactory Light green May cause discomfort to sensitive people A6 29.80 50 Satisfactory Light green May cause discomfort to sensitive people A7 36.40 61 Moderately Yellow Breathing Discomfort to people A8 28.80 48 Satisfactory Light green May cause discomfort to sensitive people 3 Name of the pollutant: SO2 (µg/m ) A1 10.90 14 Good Green Minimal Impact A2 13.10 16 Good Green Minimal Impact A3 15.0 19 Good Green Minimal Impact A4 10.70 13 Good Green Minimal Impact A5 13.90 17 Good Green Minimal Impact A6 11.70 15 Good Green Minimal Impact A7 13.40 17 Good Green Minimal Impact A8 10.50 13 Good Green Minimal Impact 3 Name of the pollutant: NO2 (µg/m ) A1 18.70 23 Good Green Minimal Impact A2 17.80 22 Good Green Minimal Impact A3 21.0 26 Good Green Minimal Impact A4 17.80 22 Good Green Minimal Impact A5 22.70 28 Good Green Minimal Impact A6 22.10 28 Good Green Minimal Impact A7 18.70 23 Good Green Minimal Impact A8 16.30 20 Good Green Minimal Impact Name of the pollutant: CO (mg/m3) A1 0.83 42 Good Green Minimal Impact A2 0.84 42 Good Green Minimal Impact A3 0.85 43 Good Green Minimal Impact A4 0.70 35 Good Green Minimal Impact A5 0.95 48 Good Green Minimal Impact A6 0.87 44 Good Green Minimal Impact A7 0.90 45 Good Green Minimal Impact A8 0.78 39 Good Green Minimal Impact After assessing the impacts from each pollutant, the cumulative effect of all 5 pollutant AQI values and their health impacts for each site is summarized in following Table 4.10

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Table 4.10: Cumulative effect of all pollutants based on AQI values

AQI Site Category Color Health Impact value A1 74 Satisfactory Light green May cause Discomfort to sensitive people A2 73 Satisfactory Light green May cause Discomfort to sensitive people A3 81 Satisfactory Light green May cause Discomfort to sensitive people A4 77 Satisfactory Light green May cause Discomfort to sensitive people A5 79 Satisfactory Light green May cause Discomfort to sensitive people A6 73 Satisfactory Light green May cause Discomfort to sensitive people A7 78 Satisfactory Light green May cause Discomfort to sensitive people A8 71 Satisfactory Light green May cause Discomfort to sensitive people

Conclusions From the above interpretation of Air Quality Index for study area responsible parameter

for pollution is PM10, PM2.5 and CO. The AQI of study area falls under satisfactory categorization as per the data obtained during baseline studies. The health impact due to this AQI is less and it may only cause discomfort to sensitive people. When the AQI value of study area was compared with the AQI value of Dhanbad (Nearest Station) which was 155 and under the category of Moderate, this value was found to be higher than the baseline AQI of study area. 4.4.5. Mitigative Measures - Process Emissions 4.4.5.1 Emissions from Pig Iron Plant Blast Furnace Gas will escape from the furnace through uptakes and enter into dust catcher through down comer and then into Cyclone Separator, where most to the coarse particles will get settled. Then gas will be passed through bag filters. Clean gas will be used in Blast Furnace stove for heating of the cold air blast. The flue gas after stove heating will be let out from the Stack. No pollution control equipment is envisaged for the flue gas after stove heating as clean Blast Furnace Gas is used for Stove heating. One flare Stacks shall be provided to bleed and flare excess Blast Furnace Gas. Any surplus gas available after plant use shall be let out through the flare stack and burnt during emergency. The details of Air pollution control devices provided with pig iron plant is mentioned in the Table 4.11.  To control the fugitive emissions during tapping and pouring Cast House de-fuming system shall be installed. As a result, there will be no significant impact on the air environment.

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 Dust Catcher with Bag Filter system shall be provided to clean the Blast Furnace gas. This clean gas shall be used for stove heating as fuel.  For fugitive emission control during unloading of Iron Ore and Coke in their respective bins, Crusher, Screen and other transfer points, bag filter system shall be provided. 4.4.5.2 Emissions from Coke Oven Plant Primary air for combustion is introduced into the oven chamber through several ports located above the charge level in both pusher and coke side doors of the oven. Combusted gases exit through common tunnel via a stack which creates natural draft.. The details of Air pollution control device provided for Hard Coke Plant is mentioned in the Table 4.11.  To control the dust from coal crushing unit Dust Extraction system with Bag Filter shall be installed.  Closed conveyor shall be used for conveying crushed coal to the coal bunker.  During charging of coal from charging car to oven there will be less chance of dust release as the ovens will be working in negative pressure. Moreover, the charging of coal to oven will be through telescopic chute causing no exposure of dust to the workers and in significant impact is expected.  As complete conversion of coal to coke will be achieved in the ovens, there will be less chance of release of toxic fumes in the atmosphere during coke quenching.  Dust extraction system with Bag Filter shall be installed to control the dust emission during crushing and screening of coke to obtain proper size.  To control the dust emission during transportation to Blast Furnaces, dust suppression system shall be installed at all transfer points and closed conveyor shall be used. 4.4.5.3 Emissions from Steel Melting Shop Flue gas from Induction Furnace will pass through the Cyclone-cum-spark arrester before entering to pulse Jet type bag filter and then shall let out from single stack. The hood is located centrally over the furnace within about one to two feet from the furnace top. Dust content at stack outlet shall not exceed 50 mg/Nm3. Table 4.11: Details of Pollution Control Facilities

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Pollution Control Connected with Emission Sl.No. Location Equipment Stack mg/Nm3 Blast Furnace Flue 3. Gas after Stove Nil 1 <50 Heating Coke Oven Plant 4. Coke Oven flue gas Pulse jet Bag Filter 1 <50 Coal Crushing & Pulse jet Bag Filter 5. 1 <50 Screening system Coke Crushing & Pulse jet Bag Filter 6. 1 <50 Screening system Steel Melting Shop Cyclone-cum-spark arrester along with 7. Induction Furnace 1 <50 Pulse Jet Bag Filter system Total Bag Filter systems -5 6

4.4.5.4 Fugitive Emissions from Plant The impacts of fugitive emissions in the industry are controlled by following measures:  Asphalting of all roads/surfaces within the plant premises.  Haulage roads are sprinkled with water at regular intervals. Sprinklers are deployed in the premises to prevent road dust emission and during loading & unloading of materials.  Speed limit of 10 km/h is enforced for vehicles in the plant premises to prevent road dust emissions.  Trucks carrying coal and other raw material are covered with tarpaulin to prevent spreading of dust during transportation.  Green belt and greenery development around storage yards, around plants, either side of roads and around the periphery of the industry.  The conveyors are suitably covered to control fugitive emissions.  The air pollution control measures installed will ensure the ambient air quality to be well within the NAAQ standards for industrial areas. 4.5 TRAFFIC ASSESSMENT – IMAPCT & MITIGATION MEASURES The traffic assessment is conducted to assess the impact of traffic with reference to road safety and carrying capacity of roads. This will help in making changes in the geometric design feature and traffic control of the road if required for safe and efficient traffic movements.

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4.5.1. During Constructional Phase Impacts Construction activities in urban environments often have negative impacts on the communities surrounding the construction site, such as delays, negative environmental impacts, congested traffic conditions, safety hazards, and economic losses. These adverse impacts include  Delays and traffic congestion caused by the additional traffic volume of construction traffic.  Loss of parking spaces  Additional traffic conflict points at construction access and egress gates.  Safety hazards associated with moving heavy equipment and oversized loads. Although avoiding these impacts may not be practical or even possible, they must be mitigated for the construction activity of project to earn an acceptable rating both environmentally and socially. Mitigation Measures Traffic management will be implemented during construction period which can be followed as per following points:  To organize the transport and delivery of construction materials, plant and equipment to the construction site and the removal of surplus items and waste materials from the site, minimizing and controlling the project's impact on road users, neighbors, the surrounding community, and the environment.  To organize the movement of the construction workforce onto and off of the site on a daily basis, minimizing the impact on the available parking spaces on the roads around the site, minimizing the impact on traffic volumes and congestion, and encouraging the use of public transportation.  To control construction vehicle movements on the site, maintaining both construction worker safety and road user safety by minimizing the interaction, wherever possible, between road user traffic and construction worker traffic and by segregating pedestrian routes and vehicle routes.  To conduct a survey of the road network surrounding the construction site on foot. The purpose of this survey is to obtain sufficient detail on the network, including load restrictions, height restrictions, road widths, parking availability, and their effects on current traffic flows, to make an informed decision on the selection of appropriate routes for construction traffic associated with the project.

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4.5.2. During Operational Phase Impacts Due to production activities at M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd after expansion, there will be increase in the traffic to and from the site. Vehicles used for transportation of raw materials as well as finished product would be trucks and mini trucks hainvg PCU value 3 and 1 respectively. Other vehicles used for various purposes would be Jeeps, cars and 2 wheelers. The site has good road connectivity of SH-13. Traffic volume on road will increase due to increment in movement of medium and heavy vehicles considering the overall size and nature of the Project. Correspondingly change in ‘LEVEL of SERVICE’ for the same road shall be envisaged if any. Table 4.12: PCU for Operational Phase Total Working Truck No. of Material TPA TPD No. of PCU/Day days/Annum capacity Trips/day Trucks Iron Ore 19200 300 64 25 3 1 9 Dolomite 1200 300 4 5 1 1 1 limestone 1500 300 5 5 1 1 1 Coal 18750 300 62.5 25 3 1 9 Sponge Iron 9000 300 30 25 & 5 1+1 1 4 Scrap 2160 300 7.2 5 2 1 2 Finished 18000 300 60 25 3 1 9 Product Total 69810 232.7 15 35

Table 4.13: Existing and Operation phase PCU’s

Operation Phase PCU’s SH-13 Existing PCU/day 3881.5 Proposed PCU/day 35 Total PCU/day 3916.5

Table 4.14: LOS study of Proposed Project

Road Volume Capacity V/C ratio LOS SH-13 3916.5 15000 0.26 B

A slight increase in V/C ratio is being observed for proposed expansion project when compared with baseline data. But the ‘Level of Service’ for the road remains ‘Good’. However, the traffic volume is way lower than road capacity but still proper traffic management plan will be adopted to minimize the impending impacts.

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Daily Emissions from Transportation The trucks used during operation phase of the project are further evaluated to quantify the emissions from transportation on daily basis. For this evaluation the emission factors of Bharat Stage – IV for Heavy diesel vehicles are used which are provided by CPCB. The following are the emission factors used for the traffic emission study.

Vehicle Emission factors (gm/km) Type CO NOx HC PM Heavy Diesel 2.1 5 1.6 0.1 Vehicles Passenger 2.3 0.35 - Cars Now from these emission factors the daily emission quantity from the project during operation phase is provided below. Table 4.15: Daily Emissions from Transportation During Operation Phase

Vehicle No. of Parameters (gm/km/day) Type Vehicles/day CO NOx HC PM Trucks 15 31.5 75 24 1.5 Passenger 5 11.5 1.75 1.75 - Cars Mitigation Measures The increase in traffic will not have any significant effect. A traffic management plan for the area will be developed to ease the situation, according to the following points:  The roads will be strengthened, if required, for transportation of material, goods etc.  Drivers of trucks / dumpers engaged in construction work will be instructed to give way to passenger buses, cars etc.  Transport of construction materials and machineries will be carried out during lean traffic period of the day or during night.  All trucks are to be used for transportation will be covered with tarpaulin, maintained, optimally loaded and have PUC certificates.  All vehicles and their exhausts would be well maintained and regularly tested for emission concentration.  Truck/tippers shall be parked in designated parking area only.  Minimize use of roads at any particular time by planning vehicles movements.  Advise traffic police about the activities.  Road crossings to be used will be well marked.

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From above statements, it can be concluded that proposed expansion will have insignificant effect on the traffic and proper management plan will further reduce the negative impacts. 4.6 WATER ENVIRONMENT - IMPACT & CONTROL MEASURES Potential impacts of withdrawal of water from ground and wastewater discharges from the proposed industry on land or in water body is an important factor in EIA Study. In this section suitable management plan in order to mitigate the impacts on hydrology due to usage of groundwater and measures taken for Management (treatment/disposal/utilization) of waste water generated from the different operations in the proposed project will be proposed. 4.6.1 During Constructional Phase Impacts Construction activities for the proposed development can have minor impact on hydrology and ground water quality of the area if the construction waste leaches into the ground water source. Potential sources of impacts on the hydrology and groundwater quality during the construction phase are as follows:  Soil runoff from the site leading to off-site contamination (particularly during rainy season).  Improper disposal of construction debris leading to off-site contamination of water resources.  Spillage of oil and grease from the vehicles and wastewater generated on site activities such as vehicles washing, workshop etc. Mitigation Measures Following precautions and preventive measure will be taken at the site during construction to avoid any ground and surface water contamination:  Not allowing water to leave the construction site.  Disposal of construction debris in approved areas.  Construction of storm water diversion channels to divert storm run-off from flowing over the construction areas.  Installing oil and grease traps in construction workshop.  Due to civil construction activities, during rainy season the surface runoff may contain more of eroded soil and other loose matter. As far as possible, construction activities will be avoided during rainy days to mitigate the small impacts on soil/water quality caused due to construction activity.  With segregation of construction area with proper drainages contamination of water due to soil erosion shall be prevented.

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The earth work which includes cutting and filling will be avoided during rainy season and will be completed during the winter and summer seasons. Stone pitching on the slopes and construction of concrete drains for storm water to minimize soil erosion in the area will be undertaken. Settling pond is planned for storage and recycling of surface water for use in the plant area. Toilets with septic tanks shall be made available at site for construction workers. The overall impacts on water environment during construction phase due to proposed activity shall be temporary and marginal. 4.6.2 During Operational Phase Water is most important raw material required for any Steel Plant. Total water requirement for complete unit after proposed expansion shall be 160 KLD. This requirement will be met through Bore-wells. Application has been submitted to CGWB/CGWA vide F.No. 21-4/669/JH/IND/2020 dated on 22.07.2020 to obtain permission for 160 KLD groundwater withdrawals. The quantitative information on water utilization by the various units during operation is presented in Chapter-2, 2.7.2 and Table 2.8 and the flow of water in proposed industry is depicted in Figure 2.8. Wastewater Management  Coke Plant: Coke Oven plant is non-recovery type of Coke Oven, hence water requirement will be only for quenching of hot Coke. Water after quenching shall be taken to a Quench Pond from where water shall be recycled for Coke quenching after cooling it in Cooling Tower. Coke fines shall be removed from the Quench pond time to time and will be sold to nearby Sinter plant. Only make-up water shall be added in the Quench Pond.  Pig Iron Plant: As the dry cleaning of Blast Furnace Gas is proposed the water will be only required for Furnace cooling. Water will be recycled after cooling in Cooling Tower. Only make-up water of approximately 73 m3/day quantity shall be required. Blow down for cooling tower shall be used for slag granulation.  Steel Melting Shop: Softening plant shall be installed for softening of water to be used for cooling of induction furnace cooling. Softening plant backwash shall be treated in installed neutralization pit. Water after cooling from cooling tower is recycled back to softening plant. The treated water from the Neutralization Pit and blow down from cooling tower shall be used for slag cooling and dust suppression.  Domestic Wastewater: The sewage & sanitary wastewater generated from toilets, washrooms and canteen buildings in the plant will be conveyed to the septic tank. The effluent from the septic tank will be disposed in soak pit. There will be no effluent discharge from Soak Pit. Sludge will be removed occasionally and shall be used as manure. Effluent generation, if any, shall be used for Horticulture.

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Table 4.16: Details of the Water Pollution Control facilities

S. Unit Type of Pollution Quantity Usages No. Control System (m3/day) 1. Softening Plant Backwash Neutralization Pit 5 Cooling Tower blow down - 2. 8 Slag cooling & from Induction Furnace Dust suppression Cooling Tower Blow Down - 3. 2 from Blast Furnace Domestic Use Septic Tank along 4. 1 Horticulture with Soak pit Total Discharge 16 KLD Therefore, after recycling the process water total wastewater discharge will be 16 KLD in the form of Cooling Tower blow down and neutralization pit discharge. Zero Effluent Discharge: The plant has been designed based on maximum recycling and zero liquid effluent discharge. Storm Water Drainage: Rain water will be collected in drains constructed around production facilities as well as all roads. Rain water harvesting pits shall be constructed at number of locations for ground water recharge. Excess water during heavy rains flowing through trunk drains along the roads will be discharged in to the rainwater harvesting pits through silt traps pits to prevent washed silt from plant to enter into the pits. Hence, there will be insignificant impact on the quality of surface or ground water resource considering the zero discharge. Also, impact due to withdrawal of groundwater will be reduced as Rain water harvesting will be taken up as a measure to recharge the groundwater. 4.7 NOISE ENVIRONMENT – IMPACT & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.7.1 During Constructional Phase Impacts The noise produced during the construction can make significant impact on the existing ambient noise levels. The peak noise levels from some of the construction equipment for non-continuous construction activity can be as high as 90 dB (A). During the construction phase, major noise generating sources are:  Excavation machines for trenching,  Concrete Mixers for casting concrete foundation,  Other construction machines including pneumatic tools and compressors.  Hammering for steel fabrication and other mechanical works like drilling, fitting, etc.  Movement of vehicles carrying materials and loading & unloading activities.

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All the above-mentioned sources are intermittent and are experienced occasionally. Thus, the exposure of construction labor and supervisors to this high noise levels will be for a short time only and hence will not pose any health hazards. It may also be noted that, most of the construction activities shall be carried out only during the daytime. The expected noise levels from these activities are as hereunder: Table 4.17: Noise levels of Construction Equipment

Description Noise Levels Combined Effective dB(A) Noise levels dB(A) Earth Movers Front End Loaders 78 Tractors 82 84 Scrapers, Graders 76 Pavers 72 Material Handlers Concrete mixers 77 Concrete pumps 75 84 Cranes (movable) 80 Trucks 81 Stationary Equipment Pumps 65 Generators 76 79 Compressors 77 Total 87 The resultant maximum noise level for the above sources as calculated using combined equivalent noise equation (http://www.snapfour.com/combinednoise_calculations.aspx) is 87 dB(A) at source. Sound pressure level generated by construction activities decreases with increasing distance from the source due to wave divergence. An additional decrease in sound pressure level from the source is expected due to atmospheric effect or its interaction with objects in the transmission path. Thus, workers in general are likely to be exposed to an equivalent noise level of 65-75 dB (A) in 8-hour shift. Mitigation Measures Following precautions and preventive measures shall be taken at the site during construction to reduce noise pollution:  Selection of low noise generating machinery/equipment.  Engineering specifications were stipulated during tendering as a condition to maintain noise level equal to or less than 75 dB (A) at 1 m from each source.

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 Provision of rubber padding/noise isolators/silencers to modulate the noise generated by machinery/equipment, wherever possible.  Greenbelt development was undertaken from the construction stage itself.  Provision of protective devices like ear muff/ plugs to the workers.  Preventive maintenance of machinery/equipment and vehicles.  The high noise zones at site were demarcated and provided with enclosures & barriers and the risks of exposure to that noise levels and the appropriate control measures were also displayed at various places in the workplace.  Appropriate training and education was given to the workers.  Regular ambient noise level checks were carried out at the site. The peak noise levels from continuous construction activity at plant boundary would be about 75 dB (A). Since the populated areas are at a distance of 1.0 km from the proposed site, hence these noise levels can be considered to have made insignificant, reversible and local impact on the environment and mainly confined to the day hours. 4.7.2 During Operational Phase Impact The main noise generating sources during operational phase in the plant are:  Crushers,  Charging car,  Blast Furnace Tuyers,  Induction Furnace,  ID Fans, Compressor, The equipment shall be designed to comply with the stipulated limit of 85 dB (A). Prediction of anticipated noise levels resulting from operation of the proposed plant has been computed using point source model. Basic phenomena of the model are the geometric attenuation of sound. Noise at a point generates spherical waves, which are propagated outward from the source through the air at a speed of 1,100 ft/sec, with the first wave making an ever-increasing sphere over an increasing surface area of the sphere. The assumption of the model is based on point source relationship i.e. for every doubling of the distance the noise levels are decreased by 6 dB (A). Point source propagation is defined by the following equation

Lp2 = Lp1 – 20 log r2 / r1

Where Lp1 & Lp2 are sound pressure levels at points located at distances r1 and r2 respectively, from the source.

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Predictions are carried out without taking into consideration of any attenuation factors. Additional attenuation is expected, due to atmospheric effect or its interaction with objects in the transmission path. Noise level at the plant boundary, calculated from the above equation is expected to be less than 65 dB (A) without considering any attenuation factors. Mitigation Measures Care shall be taken during selection of the equipment like compressors, blowers, pumps, etc. and other machinery so that noise generation shall not exceed 85 dB (A) at a distance of 1.0 m. In addition to this, effective ear plugs are provided and their use is made obligatory in specified areas where noise level is high and unavoidable. The mitigation measures for the attenuation of noise are given below:

Sl.No. Location Noise Control Equipment 1. Compressor Compressor shall be housed in separate room House with acoustic paneling 2. Hot Blast Valve Snort Valve shall be provided to reduce noise

Other measures which shall be adopted for noise control:  Noise control shall be an integral part of the plant design.  Design/installation will be done as specified by the manufacturers with respect to noise control and will be strictly adhered.  Sound attenuation panels will be installed wherever required around noise generating equipment.  Inlet and outlet mufflers will be provided wherever required.  Noise proof cabins will be provided for operators wherever possible  Process air blower, pneumatic valves etc., will be provided with Silencers.  The high noise zones will be demarcated and provided with enclosures & barriers.  Acoustic enclosure will be provided with TG Set  Compressor will be housed in a separate room acoustic wall paneling  The risks of exposure to high noise levels and the appropriate control measures shall be displayed at various places in the workplace.  Suitable isolators shall be provided at required locations to avoid rattling due to vibration  All rotating equipment / parts shall be kept well lubricated and provided with enclosures as far as possible to reduce noise transmission.  Noise shall be reduced by preventing leakages from compressed air lines and other high-pressure equipment.  Appropriate trainings and education will be given time to time to the workers.  Regular maintenance of all the machineries and equipment shall be done. Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 152 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

 Regular ambient noise level checks will be carried out at the site.  Develop a green belt along the periphery of the plant, which will further reduce the noise levels. 4.8 LAND ENVIRONMENT- IMPACT & CONTROL MEASURES The proposed expansion will be carried out within the existing plant area of 4.75 Ha where units under violation are already installed. No additional land will be required for installation of the proposed Unit (1x6 ton IF). 4.8.1 During Construction Phase No tree cutting is envisaged. Hence there will be no change in land use pattern. Top soil removed from the area under construction is used & will be used for Greenbelt development within the plant premises. No significant impact on land is envisaged due to the construction activity at proposed project. 4.8.2 During Operation Phase Land contamination due to unsystematic disposal of solid waste generated and spillage of used oil may contaminate the land. All solid and hazardous wastes shall be disposed as per Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management & Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 and Solid Wastes Management Rules, 2016. All facilities for the temporary storage of wastes shall be inside the sheds on concrete flooring, to prevent any contamination of land. Solid waste generation and utilization from the existing and proposed plant is given below: Table 4.18: Details of Solid Waste Generation, Handling and Utilization

Unit Type of Generation Utilization Sold Disposal Waste TPA TPA TPA Existing Units- (Unit Under Violation) Mini Blast Shall be granulated and Blast Furnace Furnace 4200 - 4200 will be sold to Cement Slag Company. Will be sold to nearby Flue Dust 180 - 180 Sinter/Pallet Plant Coke Oven Coke fines Shall be sold to the nearby from Quench 3000 - 3000 Sinter plant Pond Total (Violation Units) 7380 - 7380 Proposed Units Steel Melting After metal recovery, Shop Induction remaining slag will be 2520 250 2270 Furnace Slag crushed and used as aggregate in construction

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Unit Type of Generation Utilization Sold Disposal Waste TPA TPA TPA Bag Filter Will be sold to nearby 540 - 540 Dust Sinter/Pallet Plant Ingot Mould Will be sold to nearby Scales 900 - 900 casting Sinter Plant Total (Proposed Units) 3,960 250 3710 Total (Violation + Proposed) 11,340 250 11090 Hazardous Waste: Generation of ‘Used Oil’, after the proposed expansion shall be approx. 10 kiloliters per annum and will be sold to the registered recyclers. Used oil will be collected in dedicated drums and stored on impervious concrete floor for maximum 90 days before disposal. 4.9 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT Critically analyzing the socio-economic profile and visualizing the scenario with the project, the impacts of the project would be varied and may generate both positive and negative impacts. Table 4.19: Matrix of Impact Assessment on Socio-Economic Parameters

Type of Impact/Major Classification Socio-Economic (SE) Impacts of affecting Variables for Impacts PHYSICAL (CONSTRUCTION PHASE) Location ST; ID Air Emission ST; ID Fugitive Emission ST; ID SOCIAL Population Displacement NI Housing Pattern ST; ID Agriculture Activities NI SERVICES Employment Generation ST; LT; D; ID Integration of HH industries ST; ID Real Estate & other commercial LT; ID Market Public/private Transportation LT; ID Public/Private Health LT; ID Public Amenities LT; DI OTHERS Human Safety LT; DI Cultural/Historical NI Green Belt B

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Abbreviations:

No impact NI Direct DI Slight impact SI Indirect ID Moderate Impact MI Conditional CI Severe Impact SeI Adverse AI Short term ST Beneficial B Long Term LT Irreversible Irr Reversible RI Table 4.20: Qualitative Effects on Socio-Economic Environment Parameter Local Regional Direct Indirect Reversible Irreversible Employment +  + +  + Income +  + +  + Transport + + + +  + Education +  +   + Medical facilities +  +   + Communication + + +   + Sanitation -  -   - Housing +  +   + Health -  - -  - Recreation + +  +  + Agriculture -  - -  - Cost of living +   -  + Business + + +   + Per Capita Income + + +   + Pollution -  -    + : Positive , - : Negative ,  : Insignificant 4.9.1 Positive Impacts No Rehabilitation No land is required for the proposed expansion. Hence, Resettlement & Rehabilitation is not required as there is no land acquisition or displacement of any houses, habitation or livestock. Increase in Job Opportunities As per the survey it has been observed that the non-worker population is very high about 64.55% in rural area. The only employment to depend on is agriculture, which is seasonal. In the absence of any high employment potential activities, the people are economically backward. The construction phase induces employment opportunities for the local people. In addition to the opportunity of getting employment in construction work, the

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local population would also have employment opportunities in related activities like small commercial establishments, small contracts and supply of construction materials etc. Manpower required during operational phase after proposed expansion will be 120 workers; local area people will be given preference as per skills and knowledge. So, the project in general shall emerge as a helping hand by providing number of direct and indirect job opportunities for auxiliary and ancillary works. Hence, the proposed project shall have positive impact in the area. Minimal Burden on the Existing Infrastructure Facilities Local work force shall be given first preference in the activity due to which influx of the outsiders shall be very minimal. So, there shall be no necessity of creating additional housing facility or to increase traffic burden due to daily transportation of the workers to the project site. Hence, the existing civic amenities of the area shall not be stressed. Improvement in Infrastructure Under the CER activities provisions are made for Developments of roads in the village areas, installation of street light, improvement in existing health facilities, construction of covered drains, improvement of drinking water facility, etc. These activities will definitely improve the infrastructure of the area and shall benefit the local people in the area. 4.9.2 Adverse Impacts Human Health The project may have impact on the human health in the study area during constructional and operational phase through air emissions, noise generations, effluent discharge or through solid waste disposal from the proposed expansion project. Mitigation Measures The impact from the air emissions shall be controlled by installation of air pollution control devices ensuring the emission levels to be always within limits prescribed. ‘Zero Liquid Discharge’ shall be followed. Suitable solid waste management plan shall be adopted for the efficient utilization or disposal of solid waste generated in the proposed project. Hence, no significant impact may occur on the human health in the region due to the proposed expansion project. Also, under proposed CER activities provision is kept for organizing periodic health checkup camps and providing medical assistance in the nearby villages. 4.9.3 Occupational Health Care Safety and health care of workers is also an important factor to be considered during construction phase as well as operational phase. Hazards expected are electrocution, vehicular accident, fall of personnel from overhead works and facilities, high level noise due to construction and operation machinery, centering failure and exposure of eyes to fugitive dust emissions and welding rays, etc. Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 156 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

In order to prevent the accidents and to minimize the health hazard following measures will be taken:  The personnel will be trained to take sufficient precautionary measures for safety and hygiene.  Workers training will focus on reduction of wastes, utilization of wastes and generally maintaining a clean and healthy environment.  The operating and maintenance personnel will be provided with all the necessary safety equipment such as hand gloves, gum boots, aprons, helmets, protective glasses, ear muffs etc.  Apart from above, detailed Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment study is carried for the proposed expansion project details of which along with suitable On-site and Off-site safety measure are given in chapter 7. Therefore, no major occupational health hazards shall be envisaged in plant after proper safety and environmental protection measures. Project activities are not likely to cause changes in occurrence of disease or affect disease vector. 4.9.4 General Mitigation Measures for Socio Economic Environment  Adequate measures shall be envisaged in the project design to control air, water & noise pollution. Adequate & effective control measures shall be provided for overall abatement of pollution like dust suppression, greenbelt plantation, etc.  Job oriented training courses must be organized through industrial / technical training institutions for educated youth like electrical, tailoring, plumbing, type writing, shorthand and machine repairing, welding fabrication, and other skill developing trades.  Awareness programs shall be arranged on health, hygiene and sanitation.  Periodic health checkup camps, distribution of medical aid and medicines shall be organized by project authority for villagers, contract laborers, employees and their family.  Apart from the normal health check-up, emphasis shall also be given to prevent specific diseases originating due to emission of different pollutants such as respiratory ailments, skin problems, water borne diseases, hearing abilities etc.  Whenever necessary, collaboration between project authority and local bodies will be done on regular basis with an objective to build and maintain a good relationship which is necessary for smooth functioning of the project as well as progress and welfare of the people in the study area.  Awareness programs will be taken to make people aware about the environmental protection, need of water conservation etc.

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 At the work place, first aid facilities shall be maintained at a readily accessible place with necessary appliances including sterilized cotton wool etc. Ambulance facility shall also be provided during emergency.  Sufficient supply of water fit for drinking shall be provided at suitable places.  Sanitary facilities shall be provided at accessible place within the work zone and kept in a good condition. The action plan for the implementation of developmental activities identified on the basis of issues raised during public hearing and Socio-Economic survey under CER along with the budget allocated is described in Chapter-7. 4.10 ECOLOGY & BIODIVERSITY – IMPACT & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.10.1 During Constructional Phase Impacts Construction activities at the site involving human and vehicular movement may disturb aerial and wild animals in the area, Terrestrial micro flora and fauna at the site. However, the adverse effect is reduced by shortening the construction phase period and development of greenery along the plant boundary. Further, there are no sensitive locations within the study area. Hence, no significant adverse impact is expected on biological environment. Mitigation Measures  Construction vehicles, machinery and equipment will remain confined within their designated areas of movement and the company staff will be strictly directed not to damage any vegetation such as trees, shrubs or bushes.  The fugitive dust generated during construction phase shall be controlled by sprinkling of water. 4.10.2 During Operational Phase Impact on Flora  Air emissions and increase in dust levels during the operational phase may result in restricted growth, less regeneration and degradation of sensitive vegetation.  The increase in vehicular movement due to the expansion might increase the risk of introducing obnoxious or exotic species. Mitigation Measures  The fugitive dust generated during operation phases shall be controlled by sprinkling of water.

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 Dust extraction system with Bag Filter systems have been proposed at Coal & Coke Crusher & Screens, Mini Blast Furnace hot metal /slag tapping areas and Induction Furnace  Tall trees with thick canopy will be planted along the boundary area to reduce fugitive dust emission and gaseous emission. Impact on Fauna  The fauna might be impacted due to noise generated during the operational phase.  The increase in human activity may also pose a threat fauna in the nearby areas.  The air emissions might reduce the abundance of sensitive species like butterflies and birds.  The increased traffic may result in road kills of wildlife while crossing. Mitigation Measures  To minimize the impact due to noise generated during the operational phase clear instruction will be given to the vehicles entering in the project site not to use pressure horns during night time as it may distract the fauna or animals near the site.  Hunting, poaching and harassing of wild animals will be strictly prohibited. Boundary wall is erected at plant site to check the entry of animals in search of eatables.  Wastes of the camps will be properly disposed-off to prevent the chances of eating by wild animals, which may become hazardous to them.  Special measures will be adopted to minimize impacts on the wild animals, birds such as avoiding noise generating activities during the critical periods of breeding. Impact on Ecosystem  The proposed activity may result in degradation of surrounding habitat, introduction of weeds, increased road traffic, habitat fragmentation and wildlife poaching and forest fires. These activities may act at the larger level and reduce ecosystem resilience. Ecosystem resilience is the overall diversity of the habitat, which helps to resist the adverse conditions and or calamities that may seriously damage that particular habitat. Mitigation Measures  Since the proposed project is expansion within the existing project area and most of it within the existing shades, the overall impacts are predicted will be insignificant. 4.11 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT Green belt will be developed over 33% area of the total plant area. Out of the 4.75 ha of the plant area, about 1.57 ha will be developed as greenbelt. This greenbelt will serve as a buffer between the peripheries and the industry, there by controlling the air emissions and noise levels. Indigenous trees shall be planted in three tire system with tree density of 1600 trees per hectare (650 nos. of plant per acre) with local board leaf specification Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 159 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

will be planted. Therefore, 2500 trees shall be planted for the coverage of 1.57 hectare of land under greenbelt provision. Plantation of trees was started along with the construction of existing units in the year 2007 after grant of CTE. Total number of 300 trees was planted along the plant boundary. Project site is closed since the year 2008 after being declared under violation. Due to the absence of proper nourishment only few trees are left surviving now. 4.11.1 Action Plan for Greenbelt Development Action plan for greenbelt development is having the budget to be spent on plantation along with the time frame to achieve 33% green cover. For the development of the Green belt at the project site, guidelines for developing green belts as well as the outcome of the biological survey conducted around the project site shall be followed. 3-Tier Plantation Plantation along the boundary wall plays a very important role by reducing pollution and noise going outside the plant boundary, greening the area, increasing the shady area, increasing aesthetic value and for eco-development of the area. The trees and shrubs selected based on availability shall be planted in the 9 m width strip along the plant boundary. The approach roads to project site shall be planted with flowering trees. The plantation will be in this recommended pattern:

Tier Habit Height (m) Rows 1st Tier (Towards boundary) Trees 10-20 m 4 2nd Tier (Middle Layer) Small Trees 5-10 m 6 3rd Tier (Towards Plant) Shrubs 1-2 m Thick Pattern

Calculation of Cost for Greenbelt Development Expenditure per plant Rs. 500 Total Numbers of Plant = 2,500 Total Expenditure = 2,500*500 ≈ 1250000/- Total Expenditure = Rs. 12.5 lakhs A budget of around Rs.12.5 lakhs has been kept for Green belt development.

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Table 4.21: Budgetary Outlets of Greenbelt Development For Five Years Budget S. No. Year No. of plants (Rs. in Lakhs) 1. 2020 ------2. 2021 750 3.75 3. 2022 750 3.75 4. 2023 500 2.5 5. 2024 500 2,5 Total 2,500 12.5 4.12 RAIN WATER HARVESTING Rainwater harvesting is the accumulation and deposition of rainwater for reuse on-site, rather than allowing it to runoff. Rainwater can be collected from surface runoffs or roofs, and in many places the water collected is redirected to a deep pit (well, shaft, or borehole), a reservoir with percolation, or collected from dew or fog with nets or other tools. Depending upon the available contours at detailed engineering stage, the number of drainage outfall and extent of open drains etc. will be designed so as to discharge the water to the rainwater harvesting pond for reuse in dust suppression & greenbelt development. The calculation of rainwater endowment is presented here which shows the total rain water harvesting potential of the plant. Runoff Calculations Total annual value of runoff from the plant premises is estimated with the help of runoff coefficient defined provided by Central Ground Water Board and the average annual rainfall for Giridih provided by Indian Meteorological Department. Hourly Runoff value is estimated on the basis of maximum hourly rainfall recorded in the district by IMD. Table 4.22: Data Assumed and/or Available for Rain water harvesting

S.No. Details Area (sqm) 1. Roof top Area (Plant & Storage area + Administrative 24400 offices, canteen, security) 2. Paved Area (Entrance+ Roads+ drainages) 7400 3. Green Belt Area 15700 4. Average Annual rainfall for Giridih District 1220 mm 5. Hourly Rainfall intensity (mm) 30 mm 6. Runoff coefficient for roof top 0.80-0.90 0.85 7. Runoff coefficient for yard & paved area 0.60-0.70 0.65 8. Runoff coefficient for green belt 0.10-0.20 0.15 (Source: Runoff Coefficients from Central Ground Water Board)

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Table 4.23: Quantification of Runoff Water

Calculation S. Total Runoff Details (Annual Rainfall (m)x Area(m2) x Run- No. (m3/year) off coefficient 1. Roof top 1.220 x 24400 x 0.85 25302.80 2. Paved Area 1.220x 7400 x 0.65 5868.2 3. Green belt 1.220 x 15700 x 0.15 2873.1 Total Runoff water quantity/annum (m3/year) 34044.1 Potential harvested water (considering 20% loss due to 27235.28 evaporation, spillage, etc)

Table 4.24: Calculation for Hourly Runoff Total Runoff S. No. Details Calculation (m3/hr) 1. Roof top 0.030 x 24400 x 0.85 622.2 2. Paved Area 0.030 x 7400 x 0.65 144.3 3. Green belt 0.030 x 15700x 0.15 70.65 Total Runoff water quantity/Hour 837.15 Recharge Structure Calculations  Volume of water within free Board (Settlement Chamber) = 6 m x 5 m x 2.5m = 75 m3.  Volume of water in Gravel filled Part i.e. Volume of water within the pore spaces of sand, gravel filled part @35% = 6 m x 5 m x 0.5 m x 0.35 = 5.25 m3.  Volume of water in Recharge Well through which recharge will be done Intake capacity of recharge well = 30,000 lph = 30 m3/hr. Therefore, Total volume to be recharge through an individual structure will be = (75+5.25+30) = 110.25 m3/hr.  Number of recharge structures required to accommodate total quantum of runoff per hour shall be = 837.15/110.25 = 7.59 i.e 8 recharge structures. Conclusion  The value of annual run-off and hourly run-off available from the plant premises for recharge shall be 27235.28 m3/annum & 837.15 m3/hr.  Capacity of hourly recharge of single rain water recharging pit of proposed dimension shall be 110.25 m3/hr.

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 Total 8 number of recharge pits shall be constructed within the plant premises to accommodate hourly runoff generated on the day of rainfall.  The project site is located is Giridih district which lies in ‘Safe’ zone as per Ground water resources of India, 2017.

Fig 4.8: Schematic Diagram of Recharge Pit

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4.13 ACTION PLAN FOR COMPLIANCE WITH CHARTER ON CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITIES FOR ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION (CREP) The Charter on Corporate Responsibility (CREP) as laid down by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for Integrated Iron and Steel Plants. Action plan drawn to meet compliance with CREP is summarized below: Table 4.25: Compliance with Charter on Corporate Responsibility for Environment Protection (CREP)

S. No. Unit CREP Requirement Action Plan 1. Coke Ovens To meet PLD, PLL, PLO of notified Will be complied standard under EP (Act) 2. Steel Melting Fugitive emissions – to reduce 100% Pulse jet type Bag Filters shall be Shop (including installation of Secondary installed to reduce fugitive de-dusting facility) emissions from Steel Melting Shop. 3. Blast Furnace Direct injection of reducing agent Not possible as the size of Furnace is small 4. Solid Waste 100 % utilization of Steel/ Melting BF Slag shall be granulated and /Hazardous shop (SMS)/ Blast Furnace (BF) Slag will be sold to the nearby Waste Cement Companies. Management Induction Furnace Slag, after crushing and metal recovery, remaining slag shall be used as construction material. Metal shall be recycled in IF Charge of tar sludge/ ETP sludge to Not applicable as sludge is not Coke Oven generated. 5. Water To reduce specific water Sp. Water consumption after the Conservation/ consumption to 5 m3/t for long proposed expansion is envisaged 3 Water Pollution products and 8 m3/t for flat as 2.67 m /ton of liquid steel products To operate the Co-BP effluent Not applicable treatment plant efficiently to achieve the notified effluent discharge standards 6. All major stacks Installation of online stack Shall be complied monitoring & online ambient air quality monitoring stations 7. To operate the existing pollution Shall be complied control equipment efficiently and to keep proper record of run hours, failure time and efficiency

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S. No. Unit CREP Requirement Action Plan 8. Implement the recommendations of Not Applicable Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) 9. Industry will initiate the steps to adopt the following clean technologies measures to improve the performance of industry towards production, energy, land

environment:  Energy recovery of top Blast Not possible as size of the BF is Furnace (BF) gas small.  Use of Tar- free runner linings. Not applicable  De- dusting of Cast house at tap Shall be complied holes, runners, skimmers ladle and charging points.  Suppression of fugitive emissions Not applicable using nitrogen gas or other inert gas  To study the possibility of slag and Not applicable as no fly-ash fly ash transportation back to the generation abandoned mines, to the abandoned mines, to fill up the cavities through empty railway wagons while they return back to the mines and its implementation.  Processing of the waste Waste shall be either recycled or containing flux & ferrous wastes sold to other company for use in through waste recycling plant. their plants.

 To implement rainwater Shall be implemented harvesting  Reduction Green House Gases by: Not Applicable - Reduction in power consumption - Use of by –products gases for power generation Promotion of Energy Optimization technology including energy/ audit

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S. No. Unit CREP Requirement Action Plan  To set targets for Resource Shall be complied Conservation such as Raw material, energy and water consumption to match International Standards.  Up- gradation in the monitoring Monitoring requirement shall be and analysis facilities for air and outsourced water pollution. Also, to impart elaborate training to the manpower so that realistic data is obtained in the environmental monitoring laboratories  To Improve overall house- Shall be complied keeping

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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT CHAPTER 5 M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih,Jharkhand ANALYSIS OF Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) of capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 ALTERNATIVES ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

CHAPTER 5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES (TECHNOLOGY & SITE) 5.1 PREAMBLE M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited has proposed to obtain the environmental clearance for the already installed Pig Iron Plant (MBF 1x23m3) and Coke Oven Plant for the production of 12,000 TPA Pig Iron and 15,000 TPA Coke respectively, along with installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) for production of 18,000 MS Ingots (proposed). Prior to arriving at a conclusion regarding establishment of proposed project, a number of alternatives shall be examined and reviewed. The options considered shall be analyzed on the following features:  Project location  Environmental Sensitivity  Technology 5.2 ANALYSIS OF PROJECT LOCATION Analysis for considering alternative location for the proposed project in this case is not required as the units installed are under violation and the expansion project will be installed within the existing plant premises. The land is already under possession. No additional land will be required. Also, the location is having following advantages: i) Being surrounded by number of iron & Steel and allied industries, skilled man power and power shall be readily available and the cost of transportation of raw material and finished product will be low thereby reducing the cost of production. ii) The site is well connected with SH-13 which is at a distance of 1.5 km in NE direction and which further connects to NH-114A connecting the area to Dhanbad, Bokaro and other industrial hubs of the Jharkhand state. Major quantity of raw materials shall be transported through road transport. iii) Raw material can be easily available within the State and also from nearby States. Nearest railway siding at Giridih is at a distance of 4.8 km in NW direction. iv) Nearest town Giridih is at distance of 4.8 km from project site in NW direction from where other ancillary requirements shall be easily met. v) Demand of finished product such Structural Products, TMT Bar, Wire rod Coils of different sizes is also very high, the final product after proposed expansion will be the in demand input raw materials for nearby industries. 5.3 ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENT SENSITIVITY OF THE LOCATION SELECTED Assessment of the Environment sensitivity of the project location in the study area of 10 km around the proposed project site is of much importance. Impact analysis is done and the efficient mitigation measures, if available, are identified before the

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project implementation for each environmental sensitive factor present in the study area. Following observations were made while analyzing environmental sensitivity of the location: 1. There is no Wildlife Sanctuary/National Park/Bio-sphere Reserve/Habitat of Migratory birds within 10 km radius from the project site. No endangered species presence in the study area envisaged. 2. There is no Tiger Reserve/Elephant Reserve/Turtle Nesting Ground within 10 km radius from the project site. 3. There is no Archeological Monument/Defense installation within 10 km radius from the project site. 4. There is no Forest land in the project site. 5. Only protected forests are widely scattered in the study area (nearest is Birangadda PF at distance of 2.6 km in SE direction). The above made analysis for the project location and environmental sensitivity of location indicates that the project location is favorable for the setting up of proposed expansion within the existing project site. 5.4 ANALYSIS OF TECHNOLOGY SELECTED Existing units are producing Coke through Non-Recovery type Coke Ovens which is traditional and widely used technology in the industry. Ingots production through the Induction furnace along with ingot caster route is also the well-established and technically viable technology for meeting the objectives. During the last decade, there has been significant increase in the demand; being used as raw material in other allied industries on a large scale. While selecting the technology, followings were considered:  Dry method of gas cleaning shall be applied for the gases coming out from blast furnace thereby reducing the water consumption in the furnace, which is a vital parameter.  The Non-Recovery Coke Ovens shall be installed instead of Recovery type as they are considered more eco-friendly due to its inherent features of carbonization at negative pressure and complete burning of all hydrocarbons with large excess air, less capital intensive and has short construction periods of approximately 6 months.  The choice of technology and pollution control systems shall be based on the site- specific environmental assessment.  Before adopting expensive control technologies, consider reducing the emissions of critical pollutants by off-setting at source within the air shed to achieve acceptable ambient levels.  Considered re-circulating cooling and reuse systems for ‘Zero Effluent Discharge’

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 Solid waste generated shall either be utilized or disposed-off in environment friendly manner.  Air emission shall be controlled by providing efficient pollution control equipment.  Waste water to be generated shall be treated and used within the plant premises. No waste water shall be discharged outside the premises. M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co (P) Ltd. has chosen best available technology for controlling, treating and disposing of all type of waste to be generated during the operation of existing and proposed units in the plant premises. The details of air emission, waste water and solid wastes proposed to be generated and their disposal during operation phase are given in Chapter 2.0 and in Chapter-4.0. All statutory requirements, guidelines and recommendations of JSPCB/CPCB/MOEFCC shall be complied. ------

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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT CHAPTER 6 M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih,Jharkhand ENVIRONMENTAL 3 Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m ) of capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 MONITORING ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity PROGRAM of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

CHAPTER 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM 6.1. INTRODUCTION Environmental Monitoring is an essential tool for sustainable development and ensuring effective implementation and monitoring of Environmental Management Plan and mitigation measures. The monitoring and evaluation of the management measures envisaged are critical activities in implementation of the Project. Monitoring involves periodic checking to ascertain whether activities are going according to the plans. It provides the necessary feedback for project management to keep the program on schedule. The purpose of the environmental monitoring plan is to ensure that the envisaged purpose of the project is achieved and results are in desired benefits. To ensure the effective implementation of the proposed mitigation measures, the broad objectives of monitoring plan are:  To evaluate the performance of mitigation measures proposed in the EMP  To evaluate the adequacy of Environmental Impact Assessment  To suggest improvements in management plan, if required  To enhance environmental quality  To implement and manage the mitigative measures defined in EMP  To undertake compliance monitoring of the proposed project operation and evaluation of mitigative measure A detailed monitoring of emissions and effluent sources for different environmental parameters will be carried out as per the present norms and any further notification/direction from Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board (JSPCB), Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and MoEF&CC. Monitoring methodologies will follow standard methods prescribed by CPCB, Bureau of Indian Standards ,USEPA, AWWA etc. 6.2 PARAMETERS TO BE MONITORED  Ambient Air Quality,  Stack Emission,  Fugitive Emissions,  Effluent Quality,  Ground Water Quality,  Noise Levels and others 6.2.1 Ambient Air Quality Ambient air quality shall be monitored regularly in accordance with CPCB/JSPCB guidelines. It is necessary the monitor the air quality at the boundary of the steel works specifically with respect to particulate matters. The equipment shall have facilities to

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Ambient air quality monitoring stations in and around the premises will be done as per the direction by Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board (JSPCB). The parameters monitored include the parameters as per National Ambient Air Quality Standard, 2009. Table 6.1: Ambient Air Quality – Frequency and Parameters Description Number of Monitoring Stations Frequency Ambient Air Quality 4 Quarterly

Parameters – PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 & CO

6.2.2 Stack Emissions

Periodical monitoring of stack for SPM, SO2, NOx and CO in case of process stacks of Coke oven, blast furnace and induction furnace shall be done to assess the performance of pollution control facilities installed at these units. In case emissions are found to exceed the norms; the ‘on duty’ personnel shall check the relevant process parameters and take appropriate corrective action. Emissions from all the stacks shall be monitored once a quarter using the manually operated stack emissions monitoring equipment. However the frequency of monitoring may be increased if required in accordance with the stipulations of JSPCB or other statutory authorities. Table 6.2: Stacks To Be Monitored After the Implementation of The Project S. Location Pollution Control Number Monitoring No Equipment of Stacks Frequency 1. Coke Oven Plant Bag Filter 1 Quarterly 2. Mini Blast Furnace – flue gas Nil Quarterly 1 stack after stoves 3. Cast House de-dusting system Bag Filter 1 4. Induction Furnace Bag Filter 1 Quarterly Total Number of Stacks 4 (Four) Efficiency monitoring of the Air Pollution Control Device and its effectiveness attached on the existing and proposed units will be taken up half yearly. 6.2.3 Fugitive Emissions Fugitive emissions shall be measured at four (4) locations at a distance of about 5-10 meters from the source of fugitive emissions, once in a quarter and values shall be compared with the standard notified under EP Act. Table: 6.3: Fugitive Emission to be Controlled & Monitored S. No Area Monitoring Location 1. Near Crushing & Screening area Pig Iron Plant 2. Cast House - Near tapping and pouring Near Coal & crushing Area 3. Coke Oven Plant Near Coke Crushing & Screening Area Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 171 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET,

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S. No Area Monitoring Location 4. Steel Melting Shop Near Induction furnace

6.2.4 Effluent Quality There shall be no effluent discharge as the proposed plant will be following ‘Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD)’. Neutralization Plant shall be installed for treatment of waste water from the softening plant. Cooling tower blow down, blow down from quenching pond and wastewater from neutralization pit shall be used for slag cooling and dust suppression. No Effluent will be discharged in to public water ways or drains. Water quality shall be monitored at following 4 (Four) locations after the treatment facilities to check their conformance with Effluent Discharge Quality norms under Schedule – VI of Environmental (Protection) Rules, 1986 for the relevant parameters and will be maintained so as to meet the requirements of Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board. Table 6.4: Monitoring of Effluent Quality Unit Point of Measurement of Use after the Effluent quality Treatment Neutralization Pit At the outlet (1 location) Will be used for slag Cooling Tower Blow down At the discharge (2 locations) cooling Total locations 3 (Three)

Parameters to be monitored – pH, Temp., SS, O&G, NH3, COD, Chloride, sulphate will be monitored quarterly or as directed by JSPCB. 6.2.5 Ground Water Quality Ground water shall be sampled from up gradient and down gradient of the proposed slag storage area to check for possible contamination and to ascertain the trend of variation in the water quality, if any. In case any adverse trend is noticed, immediate remedial measures shall be taken. A total of two samples shall be collected from nearby slag storage yard and will be compared with IS 10500:2012 drinking water standards. 6.2.6 Noise Levels Noise monitoring shall be carried out at near to the high noise generating areas once in quarter. Monitoring of Ambient noise levels will be monitored once every quarter during day time (6 AM to 10 PM) and night time (10 PM to 6 AM) as per S.O. 123(E) Noise Pollution (Regulation & Control) Rules at Industrial, Commercial, Residential and Silence Zone. 6.2.7 Greenbelt Developed Monitoring shall be done for the plant growth, its maintenance and survival rate to ensure proper greenbelt development in the plant premises.

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6.2.8 Occupational Health & Safety Monitoring Occupational health and safety monitoring programs shall verify the effectiveness of prevention and control strategies. The selected indicators shall be representative of the most significant occupational, health, and safety hazards, and the implementation of prevention and control strategies. The performance and achievements of the OHSMS responsible for all management of all environments, Health & Safety aspects shall be re- assessed on annual basis. The occupational health and safety monitoring program shall include:  Safety inspection, testing and calibration: M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd shall carryout inspection and testing of all safety features and hazard control measures for plant operation. This shall include regular inspection and testing of all safety features and hazard control measures focusing on engineering and personal protective features, work procedures, places of work, installations, equipment, and tools used. The inspection shall verify that issued personal protective equipment (PPE) continues to provide adequate protection and is being worn as required.  All instruments installed or used for monitoring and recording of working environment parameters shall be regularly tested and calibrated, and the respective records maintained;  Surveillance of the working environment shall be carried out.  Surveillance of Workers Health: When extraordinary protective measures are required, workers shall be provided appropriate and relevant health surveillance prior to first exposure and at regular intervals thereafter. M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd shall provide appropriate and relevant health surveillance to workers with special emphasis to the dust prior to first exposure and at regular intervals thereafter. 6.2.9 Training Training activities for employees and visitors shall be adequately monitored and documented (curriculum, duration, and participants). Emergency exercises, including fire drills, shall be documented adequately. Service providers and contractors shall be contractually required to submit to the M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd adequate training documentation before start of their assignment. 6.2.10 House keeping There should be different stockyard for the raw materials, so that the shop floor area can be kept clean. Proper maintenance and cleaning of the APCD would be done as per the requirement. Any generated solid waste will be kept in specific area and if possible it would be reused in the process or sold. 6.2.11 Periodic Preventive Maintenance A detailed maintenance schedule shall be drawn for all pollution control systems. The maintenance shall be done strictly as per schedule and guidelines furnished by plant

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manufacturer. All pollution control, monitoring and safety equipment shall be periodically checked and calibrated. 6.2.12 Socio-Economic Development The setting up of the plant will improve the socio economic conditions in the surrounding area. The expansion plan will further improve the infrastructure; economic conditions thus further improve the socio economic development. The communities, which are benefited by the plant, are thus one of the key stakeholders for proposed plant. It is suggested that M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd should monitor the CER programs and should have structured interactions with the community to elicit suggestions for overall improvement for the development of the area. 6.2.13 Accidents and Diseases Monitoring M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd shall establish procedures and systems for reporting and recording of Occupational accidents and diseases and dangerous occurrences and incidents. These systems shall enable workers to report immediately to their immediate supervisor any situation they believe presents a serious danger to life or health. The systems and the employer shall further enable and encourage workers to report to management all:  Occupational injuries and near misses;  Suspected cases of occupational disease; and  Dangerous occurrences and incidents. All reported occupational accidents, occupational diseases, dangerous occurrences, and incidents together with near misses shall be investigated with the assistance of a person knowledgeable/competent in occupational safety. The investigation shall:  Establish what happened;  Determine the cause of what happened and  Identify measures necessary to prevent a recurrence. 6.3 INFRASTUCTURE REQUIREMENT The plant does not propose to set up its own monitoring facility. It will engage external laboratories and agencies for physical monitoring, NABL accredited laboratories and agencies approved by CPCB / JSPCB will be engaged for the monitoring and calibration work. 6.4 BUDGET ALLOCATION FOR MONITORING In order to maintain the environmental quality within the stipulated standards, regular monitoring of various environmental components is necessary which will complied as per conditions. For this the project proponent of M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd has formulate an Environment Policy of the project and has also constituted an

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Environmental Management Cell and are committed to operate the proposed project with the objectives mentioned in approved Environment Policy. EMP may also require measurement of ambient environmental quality in the vicinity using ecological/biological, physical and chemical indicators. Monitoring may include socio-economic interaction, through local liaison activities or even assessment of complaints. Regular Monitoring of all the environmental parameters viz., air, water, noise and soil as per the formulated program based on CPCB and MoEF&CC guidelines will be carried out every year. The location of the monitoring stations shall be selected on the basis of prevailing micro meteorological conditions of the area like; wind direction and wind speed, relative humidity, temperature. On regular basis, Environment Management Cell will inspect the necessity and availability of the materials, technologies, services and maintenance works. The Cell will make appropriate budget for the purpose. Regular record review for any change in financial requirement of environment management will be done and appropriate budgetary provisions will be made. Along with other budgets, Budget for environmental management will be prepared and revised regularly as per requirement. The budget will include provisions for:  Environmental Monitoring Program  Operation and Maintenance of Environmental Technologies/Equipment  Laboratory works for Environmental management activities  Emergency Purchase of necessary material, equipment, tools, services  Greenbelt development  Social and Environmental Welfare and Awareness programs/training  Annual Environmental Audit. Table 6.5: Cost of Environmental Monitoring Program Cost Per year S.No. Item (Rs. In Lakhs ) Cost of monitoring of environmental parameters for 1. 7.00 Air, Water and Noise 2. Occupational Health & Safety 1.50 3. Plantation 1.00 4. Socio-economic assessment 0.75 TOTAL 10.25

6.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. is committed for implementation of all the mitigation and management measures suggested in Environmental Monitoring Program. A separate department "Environmental Management Cell" (EMC) is established in M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. to look after all environmental related matters of the plant. The EMC

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will supervise the reported activity from time to time for smooth implementation of Environmental Monitoring Program and Mitigation and Management measures and will take necessary actions if required. The cell will act to ensure the suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of the Environment Management Program. It will also ensure to meet all the Statutory Requirements. EMC will serve the following purpose:  Identification of any environmental problem, which may occur in the plant or surrounding area.  Initiating or providing solutions to those problems through designated channels and verification of the implementation status  Control of activities inside the plant, until the environmental problem has been corrected  Suitably respond to emergency situations. Provide details of the emergency and the actions taken to the top management  Suitably make modifications or alterations in the plant to meet regulatory standards as amended from time to time.

GM (Works)

DGM

Manager (Environment )

Environmental Engineer (1)

Technician (Safety & Environment) (2)

Fig 6.1: Organization chart of Environmental Monitoring Cell

6.5.1 Monitoring & responsibility The cell will responsible for monitoring of the plant environment related requirements which include: Interaction with the State pollution Control Board EMC shall be in regular touch with JSPCB and shall send them environmental monitoring reports regularly in the prescribed format, as per the prevailing practice. Any new regulations considered by State/Central Pollution Control Board for the Industry shall be taken care of by EMC. Provide Training EMC would be responsible for the implementation of the EMP, needs to be trained on the effective implementation of the environmental issues. To ensure the success of the Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 176 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET,

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implementation set up proposed, there is a high requirement of training and skill up- gradation. For the proposed expansion project, additional training facilities will be developed for environmental control. For proper implementation of the EMP, the officials responsible for EMP implementation will be trained accordingly. To achieve the overall objective of pollution control it is essential not only to provide latest pollution control and monitoring systems but also to provide trained man power resources to operate and maintain the same. So far, the practice with many plants is to utilize the plant operations and maintenance crew for operation of systems. This has shown adverse results due to lack of specialized knowledge in addition to priority selection. Therefore apart from the ECD, specific training will be provided to personnel handling the operation and maintenance of different pollution control equipment. In-plant training facilities will be developed for environmental control. Specialized courses at various Research / Educational institutes will be organized. The training will be given to employees to cover the following fields:  Awareness of pollution control and environmental protection to all.  Operation and maintenance of specialized pollution control equipment.  Organize field monitoring, maintenance and calibration of pollution monitoring instruments.  Laboratory testing of pollutants.  Repair of pollution monitoring instruments.  Occupational health/safety.  Disaster management.  Environmental management.  Afforestation / plantation and post care of plants.  Knowledge of norms, regulations and procedures.  Risk assessment and Disaster Management. Other responsibilities of the cell will include  A JSPCB registered agency will be retained to generate the environment quality data in respect of air, water, noise, soil and meteorology and prepare the Environmental report.  Submitting environmental monitoring report to JSPCB.  The cell will also take mitigative or corrective measures as required or suggested by the Board.  Timely renewal of Consents & Authorization will be taken care of.  Conduct and submit annual Environmental Statement to JSPCB.  Prepare and submit six monthly report on the compliance with the conditions of the environmental clearance and submit to the Regional Office of MoEFCC.  Keeping the management updated on regular basis about the findings / results of monitoring activities and proposes measures to improve environmental performance. Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 177 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET,

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 Conducting regular safety drills and training programs to educate employees on safety practices. A qualified and experienced safety officer will be responsible for the identification of the hazardous conditions and unsafe acts of workers and advise on corrective actions, organize training programs and provide professional expert advice on various issues related to occupational safety and health.  Conducting safety and health audits to ensure that recommended safety and health measures are followed. 6.6 SUMMARY The environment monitoring plan enables environmental management system with early sign of need for additional action and modification of ongoing actions for environment management, improvement and conservation. The environmental monitoring points will be decided considering the environmental impacts likely to occur due to the operation of proposed project as the main scope of monitoring program is to track, timely and regularly, the change in environmental conditions and to take timely action for protection of environment Monitoring of environmental samples will be done as per the guidelines provided by MoEFCC/CPCB/JSPCB. Separate records for water, wastewater, solid wastes, air emission, soil and manure/ compost will be prepared and preserved regularly. Along with other budgets, Budget for environmental management will be prepared and revised regularly as per requirement. ------

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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand CHAPTER 7 Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) of capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 ADDITIONAL ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of STUDIES 18000 TPA MS Ingots

CHAPTER - 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1 PREAMBLE In this chapter followings have been discussed:  Social Impact Assessment Study  Public consultation / Public Hearing  Hazard Identification and Risk Management 7.2 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 7.2.1 Introduction The term “Social Impact” means all social and cultural consequences, including changes of people’s life, production, social relations and organization pattern, brought about by any private or public activity, as well as cultural impacts, including changes of people’s behavior, the view of value and religion. The objective of a Social Impact Assessment (SIA) is to assess the possible social impacts that may be brought about by a development project, to understand, manage and control changes to formulate, implement mitigation measures to minimize adverse social impacts or prevent from extension. In the assessment, the most important key is to carry out social intervention to settle, mitigate and eliminate the adverse impacts and manage the social impacts rationally. Social Impact Assessment is carried out, based on impacts to all the properties and assets identified along the project site. The socio-economic survey in the project area was carried out and the detailed relevant information. 7.2.2 Objectives of Social Impact Assessment Study The main objective of conducting social survey is to provide inputs of social concerns and to avoid or minimize the adverse social impacts with the best possible solutions at minimum cost. The social reconnaissance exercise is intended to assess the negative impacts (direct, indirect or cumulative) and to suggest mitigating measures to avoid or at least minimize the adverse impacts on nearby communities and people. To minimize and or avoid the adverse impacts through suggested appropriate measures that can be adopted during the operation of the project. The above objectives can be summarized as follows:  To identify Socio economic status of the study area;  To collect base line demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the study area.

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 To gather from the villagers information on awareness and opinion about the project.  To know the perceptions and expectations of the respondents from the project authority.  To suggest an appropriate action plan for improving/ restoring the living standards of people in the study area. 7.2.3 Rehabilitation & Resettlement Plan The proposed expansion project will be installed within the existing plant premises. Hence, does not involve any displacement of persons and also no rehabilitation or resettlement shall be required. 7.2.4 Reconnaissance Survey of the Project Area The study team carried out extensive visits to collect social features within the study area. Other primary data has been collected by using structured and semi-structured questionnaires. Socio Economic survey was been carried out in all the directions within the 10km radius of the study area to know their socio economic status that includes the basic amenities like education, health, communication and transportation, drinking water facility, sanitation facility and their views, expectation and perceptions about the project. The consultations were carried out with both individuals and groups during the reconnaissance survey involving local people, directly and indirectly affected persons, public consultation involved information dissemination i.e. informing the people about the details of the project and to invite their suggestions and comments. 7.2.5 Analysis of Data and Reconnaissance Exercise The data collected through the above steps were compiled to develop the social scenario of the project area and the sensitive components within that. The collected data was analyzed, tabulated, summarized and accordingly socio-economic features of the project area were assessed. The analysis shall indicate the feasibility of the project and will help in suggesting various socially viable options and mitigation measures to make the project socio-economically acceptable. 7.2.6 Details of Project Area Study Area The study area was defined as an area within 10 km radius around the proposed project site. Total 96 villages are coming within the 10 km radius of the study area. The villages are from Giridih, Deori and Gande Tehsil of Giridih District of Jharkhand state. Socio economic survey was conducted in 8 villages of the study area.

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Table 7.1: Summarized Details of the Socio Economic Survey S. N. Name of the Education Facility Health Facility Drinking Sanitation Facility Villages Water Facility 1. Bhiswadih Only Primary Independent Tap, Open drainage system school Health clinic Uncovered & No Garbage Well, Hand disposal system pumps available in the village. 2. Tikodih Primary School, Independent Tap water, Open drainage system Middle School but Health clinic and Uncovered & No Garbage No High school and Dispensaries well, Hand disposal system Secondary school Pump and available in the facility Tube well village. 3. Gadsirampur Primary , Middle, Government Untreated tap Open drainage system school, High School hospital water, Hand & No Garbage & Secondary Pump disposal system school facility available in the village. 4. Fulchi Primary, Middle Primary Health Tap water and Open drainage system school, Secondary Sub-center with Hand Pump & No Garbage school staff of 3 disposal system medical staff available in the village. 5. Beniadih Primary school, Govt. Hospital Hand Pump, Open drainage system High school available Covered well & No Garbage and Tap water disposal system available in the village. 6. Giridih Primary, Middle, Govt. Hospital Tap water, Open drainage system High and available along Uncovered & No Garbage Secondary & with Medical well, Hand disposal system Senior Secondary shops Pump available in the School village. 7. Puranagar Primary, Middle, Independent Uncovered Garbage disposal High and Dispensaries well and Tube system and open Secondary school Well drainage system available in the village 8. Chunjaka Primary and No Medical Uncovered Open drainage system Middle school Facility well, Hand & No Garbage pump disposal system available in the village. Source: Socio Economic survey by Mrs. Shilpa Mishra, FAE- SE

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7.3 PUBLIC HEARING Public hearing is a very significant part of the process of public participation envisaged under guidelines issued by MoEF&CC, Government of India. It facilitates involvement of all the stake holders of the project which is essential for ensuring smooth running of project and benefitting all section of society in the process of economic development of the region. The public hearing was conducted on 23.01.2020 at Chhuriwala Garden Harsingh Raidih, Dist-Giridih, Jharkhand by Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board. Public Hearing was presided by Shri Rakesh Dubey, Additional Collector Giridih and was attended by total 97 people from nearby area. Details of public hearing are attached as Annexure- 12. 7.3.1 Advertisement for Public Hearing Advertisement for the conduct of public hearing of M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. published on 21.12.2019 in ‘Prabhat Khabar’ newspaper is provided in photograph below:

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Table 7.2: Summary of the Issues Raised During Public Hearing and Action Plan S. No. Name & Village of Participant Issues Raised Action Plan Commitment Time Frame Budget

1. 1. Mr. Anil Sahoo, Biswasdih Employment for the  The total man power required 2 months A budget of Rs. 3 lakhs has 2. Mr. Satish Kedia, Giridih unemployed youth of for the project has been been kept for construction of 3. Mr. Dubalal, Giridih the nearby villages. estimated at 120. Vocational Trainings Centre. 4. Mr. Binod Prasad, Jambad  The local people and youth 5. Mr. Rafique Ansari, Tikodih Women employment will be given the highest 6. Mr. Niranjan Kumar, Giridih priority in employment based 7. Ms. Geeja Devi, Mohanpur on their qualification and skills 8. Mr. Aman Sahoo, Biswasdih during construction and

9. Mr. Nilu Kumar Rana, operation of plant. Giridih  Employment will be given to women with proper training.  Employment will be given irrespective of their caste and creed.  ID cards as proofs to all the workers working in the plant.

2. 1. Mr. Sureh Sahoo, Biswasdih Pollution control  Dust Extraction system with 22 Months Rs. 220 lakhs have been 2. Mr. Sentu Pal, Dendua measures taken by the Cyclone Separator and Pulse earmarked for air and water 3. Mr. Satish kadia, Giridih Company Jet Type Bag Filters will be pollution control under EMP 4. Mr. Naveen Pandey, Giridih installed with MBM, Coke budget. 5. Mr. Dubalal, Giridih Ovens and Induction Furnace Rs. 12.5 lakhs shall be spent 6. Ms. Ginja Devi, Mohanpur  Dust suppression systems shall on greenbelt development be installed at Conveyor inside the plant premises. transfer points.

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S. No. Name & Village of Participant Issues Raised Action Plan Commitment Time Frame Budget  Closed conveyors shall be installed  Concrete flooring with covered sheds will be provided for material storage.  Green belt will be developed in 1.57 hectare area of plant area.  Zero liquid discharge will be implemented.  Regular water sprinkling on strategic locations to arrest fugitive emissions.

3. 1. Mr. Brajesh Nayak, Giridih Education Facility,  Awareness camps for the 3 months Budget of Rs. 3.0 lakhs per 2. Mr. Aman Sahoo, Biswasdih especially for women necessity of education for year shall be kept for 3. Mr. Yogendar Sahoo, both parent and children in providing study materials and Giridih village Biswasdih and later to run the Awareness camps, setting up a small education under CSR. center. Budget of Rs. 2.7 lakhs under  Providing Furnitures in School CER for providing furnitures in villages at Biswasdih, Girdih, and Computers in Schools Gadi Srirampur and Tikodih.  Computer with internet facility in the Giridih High School.

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S. No. Name & Village of Participant Issues Raised Action Plan Commitment Time Frame Budget

4. 1. Mr. Sanjay Kumar Sinha, Medical facility for  Facility of movable van 2 months Budget of Rs. 3.0 lakhs kept Biswasdih villagers, near by the carrying a medical staff along for providing moveable van. 2. Mr. Naveen Pandey, Giridih plant with necessary medicine and Budget of Rs. 2.0 lakhs per instruments in village. year for providing awareness  Also, awareness programs on programs on child and child and mother care, health mother care, health and and hygiene practices will be hygiene practices conducted.

5. 1. Mr. Dubalal, Giridih Drinking Water  Installation of Hand Pump in 6 months  Budget for Installation of 2. Ms. Ginja Devi, Mohanpur problem the village Puranagar having hand pumps at the cost of 3. Mr. Monu Kumar, Tikodih uncovered well only drinking Rs. 1.6 lakh, 4. Mr. Bihari Shaw, Tikodih water source  Budget of Rs. 50,000 per  Tankers of drinking water will year for providing drinking be supplied to the villages water through tankers during summer season during summer, marriages etc.

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7.4 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT RESPONSIBILITY Followings are the major issues raised in the Public hearing and issues come out during SIA study: From discussion with villagers during SIA Study  Drinking water facility  Toilets in schools  Garbage Disposal  Health Camp for villagers

Major issues raised during Public Hearing  Employment  Drinking water facility  Education Facility for women  Medical Facility  Pollution control measures The proposed project will be installed within the existing plant area which is already under possession of plant authorities. The project comes under the Brownfield Project and the total project cost is about Rs 11.47 crores. Hence, M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. shall spend minimum Rs 12.3 Lakhs under Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER). The activities to be taken-up under CER based on the need and priorities of the villagers identified during the SIA study and raised during Public hearing, are as follows: 1. Employment  Vocational training Institute for training to local youth for self-employment and to women for sewing, embroidery, candle making, basket making, etc, in order to generate income by working at their house. 2. Education Development  Providing furniture in schools at village Biswasdih, Gadi Srirampur and Tikodih.  Providing computers and installation of with internet facility in the Giridih High School. 3. Drinking Water Facility  Installation of Hand pumps at Villages – Puranagar, Biswasdih Tikodih, Gadi Srirampur 4. Infrastructure Development  Construction of Toilets in Primary and Middle schools for maintaining health and Hygiene of students at Tikodih & Gadi Srirampur villages.

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5. Health Facility  Facility of movable van for carrying a medical staff along with necessary medicine and instruments in village Biswadih, Tikodih, Beniadih & Chunjaka. The details of activities to be undertaken and the budget allocated are given in Table below: Table 7.3: Proposed Activities under Corporate Environment Responsibility & Budget (Based on Public Hearing & SIA Study) Sl. Villages Activity Years Total No. st nd rd th th Expenditure 1 2 3 4 5 (Rs. in Lakhs) Employment 1. Biswasdih Vocational Training Institute for providing training to local youth on self-employment and vocational 1.5 1.5 3 training to women on sewing, candle making, embroidery, basket making, etc. Education Facilities 2. Biswasdih, Providing furniture to Gadi Srirampur, School at Biswasdih, 0.5 0.5 0.5 - 1.5 Tikodih, Gadi Srirampur, Girdih Tikodih, Providing computers and installation of 0.6 0.6 - - 1.2 internet facility at Girdih High School Health Care 3. Biswadih, Providing moveable Tikodih, van for carrying a Beniadih & medical staff along Chunjaka with necessary medicine and 3 3.0 instruments to villages, on rotation.

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Drinking Water Facility 4. Puranagar, Installation of Hand Biswasdih pumps 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 1.6 Tikodih and Gadi Srirampur Infrastructure Development 5. Gadi Srirampur, Construction of Toilets Fulchi in Primary and Middle 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 - 2.0 Tikodih and schools Beniadih Total 2.0 6.5 2.9 0.9 12.3

7.5 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESMENT (HIRA) Risk analysis is the systematic study of uncertainties and risks encountered in various areas during any operation. Industrial process & activities inherently pose hazards. There may be possible hazards to human beings, flora-fauna, all forms of property and the environment as a whole. The management aims at full preparedness to meet effectively the eventualities resulting from any unfortunate occurrence of fuel hazards/accidents. Hazard analysis involves the identification and quantification of the various hazards (unsafe conditions) that exist in the project site. On the other hand, risk analysis deals with the identification and quantification of risks occurring due to the operation of the plant equipment and exposure to personnel resulting from the hazards in the plant. In this chapter, an attempt has been made towards hazard identification and risk assessment with and to prioritize the action for either eliminating the hazard or minimizing the effect of it on the environment. ‘Hazard’ has been defined as a source of potential harm to environment. Alternatively, hazard is an agent (either chemical, biological, or physical) or it is a set of conditions that presents a source of risk. In any given situation hazards are fixed, they can vary in two ways-their intrinsic nature (e.g. high pressure/low pressure) and their scale (more or a less). Definition of Environment Risk The following terms related to environment risk are defined as:

Harm Damage to the persons

Something with the potential to cause harm: this could be characteristic Hazard of material being possessed or malfunction of equipment.

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Harm Damage to the persons

An environment hazard is thus going to be a set of circumstance which leads to the direct or indirect degradation of environment and damage to the life and property. The probability of the harm or likelihood of harmful occurrence and its Risk severity. Environment risk is a measure of the potential threats to the environment, life and property. Effect due to occurrence of the event which may endanger the Consequence environment permanently or temporarily and/or loss of life and property

7.5.1 Hazards Identified in the Project The steel manufacturing industry is labour intensive and uses large scale and potentially hazardous manufacturing processes. These impacts, mainly on those working in the industry, although health hazards can also impact on local communities. Such hazards likely to occur in proposed Induction Furnace and existing Mini Blast Furnace and Coke Oven Plant consisting of Non-Recovery Coke Ovens at M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. are given below:  Fire at Lubrication, Hydraulic & fuel oil storage  Fire at Coal/Coke handling/storage area  Coal/Coke dust emissions  Physical Hazards due movement of Conveyors and Overhead Cranes  Fugitive Dust emissions at Raw Material Handling, Charging bay, Storage yard etc.  Collapse of Structures/ Fall of Material, stacking failure  Loading/ Unloading failures  Electrocution/ Electrical Hazards  Fire hazards / Slippage hazard due to oil leakages in the plant  Accidental Spillage of hot molten metal  Injury from operating machines  CO gas leakage from Blast furnace Physical Hazards Onsite  Snaping of EOT Crane rope during material handling  Slip/Trip/ Fall due to improper stacking of material  Contact with Hot molten metal or slag Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 191 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

 Mechanical injury to body parts Hazards in Furnace  Heat Radiation  Exposure to molten metal Fumes  Electrical hazards.  Explosion  Toxic exposure Hazards due to Loading/Unloading operation/Storage  Fugitive emissions during unloading material  Excessive Dust during Loading/unloading operation  Unauthorized passages, travelling over transportation system  Overloading of materials on truck  Unclean platforms causing staggering and falls Hazards at Steel Melting Shop The main hazards arise out of spillage of hot metal which may cause serious burn injuries and fires. Explosions may happened due to falling of hot metal on a pool of water and may cause serious burn injuries to persons and damage to equipment due to flying of hot splinters & splashing of liquid metal/slag. 7.5.2 Accident Analysis In a steel plant, there are several places, where workers are likely to be exposed to the accidents resulting in injury. These are during construction work, road accidents due to vehicular movement, Operation and maintenance of plant, during mechanical repair work in different units etc. Common Causes of Accidents Based on the analysis of past accident information, common causes of accidents are identified as:  Poor housekeeping;  Improper use of tools, equipment, facilities;  Unsafe or defective equipment facilities;  Lack of proper procedures;  Failure to follow prescribed procedures;

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 Jobs not understood properly;  Lack of awareness of hazards;  Lack of guides and safety devices;  Lack of protective equipment and clothing.  Irregular inspection and preventative maintenance  Fault in design of various equipment Failures of Human Systems Major causes of human failures reported are due to:  Stress induced by poor equipment design,  Unfavourable environment conditions, fatigue, etc.;  Lack of training in safety;  Indecision in critical situations;  Inexperienced staff being employed in hazardous situations. Often, human errors are not analyzed while accident reporting and accident reports only provide information about equipment and/or component failures. Hence, a great deal of uncertainty surrounds analysis of failure of human systems and consequent damages. 7.5.3 Identification of sources of Fire/Explosion and Toxic at M/s Lal Ferro Alloys  Oil and Lubricant Room (spillage)  Electrical Substations (Short circuit)  Induction Furnace/Blast Furnace  Toxic flue gases from Blast Furnace/Coke oven  Coal/Coke Handling area 7.5.4 Damage Criteria for Thermal Radiation and Overpressure Impacts Storage of HSD, Hydraulic oil, Lube oil, Furnace Oil, coal/coke may lead to fire and explosion hazards. The damage criteria due to accidental release of any hydrocarbon arise from fire and explosion. The vapors of these fuels are not toxic and hence no effects of toxicity are expected. Tank fire may occur if the radiation intensity is high on the peripheral surface of the tank leading to increase in internal tank pressure. Pool fire will occur when fuel collected in the dyke due to leakage gets ignited. A flammable hydrocarbon (High Speed Diesel HSD/Coal/Coke) can undergo combustion. This releases heat based on the heat of combustion and the burning rate of the fluid. A part Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 193 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

of the heat is radiated while the rest is convicted away by rising hot air and combustion products. The radiations can heat the contents of a nearby storage or process unit to the above its ignition temperature and thus result in a spread of fire. The radiations can also cause severe burns or fatalities of workers or fire fighters present within a certain distance. Hence, it will be important to know beforehand the damage potential of a flammable fluid, likely to be created due to leakage or catastrophic failure of a storage or process equipment. The damage effects on people and equipment due to thermal radiation intensity (expressed in terms of Fire load) presented in following Table No 7.4. Table 7.4: List of Damages Envisaged at Various Heat Loads Heat Type of Damage Intensity Sl. No. loads Damage to Equipment Damage to People (kW/m²) 1. Damage to process equipment 100% lethality in 1 min. 1% lethality in 10 s 2. 25.0 Minimum energy required to 50% Lethality in 1 min. ignite wood Significant injury in 10 sec 3. 19.0 Maximum thermal radiation -- intensity allowed on thermally unprotected Equipment 4. 12.5 Minimum energy required to 1% lethality in 1 min melt plastic tubing 5. 4.0 -- First degree burns, causes pain for exposure longer than 10 sec 6.. 1.6 -- Causes no discomfort on long exposures Source: World Bank (1988). Technical Report No. 55: Techniques for Assessing Industrial Hazards. , Washington, D.C: The World Bank.

7.5.5 Risk Assessment Risk assessment is the determination of quantitative and qualitative value of risk related to a concrete situation and a recognized threat. The risk management for the proposed project activities will be adopted as required for best safety practice within the works boundary. In addition, the design and engineering of the proposed activities will be taken into consideration of the proposed protection measures towards maintaining environmental norms.

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7.5.5.1 Risk Assessment & Damage Control Risk assessment is the determination of quantitative and qualitative value of risk related to a concrete situation and a recognized threat. Activities requiring assessment of risk due to occurrence of most probable instances of hazard and accident are both onsite and off-site. 7.5.5.2. Maximum Credible Accident Analysis (MCA) Increasing fatal accidents that have occurred during transportation, Handling, operation, Process have to be taken into consideration and therefore the Ministry of Environment and Forests & Climate Change (MoEF&CC), Government of India, has made Risk Assessment a mandatory study to be conducted for all Industrial Sectors. MCA stands for Maximum Credible Accident or in other words, an accident with maximum damage distance, which is believed to be probable. MCA analysis does not include quantification of the probability of occurrence of an accident. In practice the selection of accident scenarios for MCA analysis is carried out on the basis of engineering judgment and expertise in the field of risk analysis especially in accident analysis. Methodology of MCA Analysis The MCA analysis involves ordering and ranking of various sections in terms of potential vulnerability. The data requirements for MCA analysis are:  Operating manual  Flow diagram and P & ID diagrams  Detailed design parameters  Physical and chemical properties of all the chemicals  Detailed plant layout  Detailed area layout  Past accident data Following steps are involved in the MCA analysis

 Identification of potential hazardous sections and representative failure cases  Visualization of release scenarios considering type and the quantity of the hazardous material  Damage distance computations for the released cases at different wind velocities and atmospheric stability classes for heat radiations and pressure waves

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5 x 5 Matrix for Risk Assessment

Likelihood Severity Risk Ranking/Rating 5. Almost Certain 5.Fatality Risk Rating is calculated by 4. Probable 4.Major Injury, resulting multiplying the likelihood against 3. Possible in disability the consequences, e.g. 2. Possible (under unfortunate 3.Injury required Doctor's taking a likelihood of 4, which is circumstances) or Hospital attendance classified as Probable, and st 1. Rare 2.Minor Injury, 1 Aid multiplying this against Severity of required 2, which is classified as a Minor st 1.Minor Injury, 1st Aid not Injury 1 aid required, would give required you and overall risk rating of 8, which would be risk rated as a low

risk. High Risk High Risks activities should cease immediately until further control measures to (16 – 25) mitigate the risk are introduced Medium Medium Risks should only be tolerated for the short-term and then only whilst Risk further control measures to mitigate the risk are being planned and introduced, (9 – 15) within a defined time period. Note: Medium risks can be an organizations greatest risk, its196chilles heel, this due to the fact that they can be tolerated in the short-term. Low Risk Low Risks are largely acceptable, subject to reviews periodically, or after (1 – 8) significant change etc.

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Table 7.5: Site Specific HIRA for Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. S. Activity Hazard Risk Hazard Proposed Safety system No. Potential 1 Raw material Handling 1. Preparation of SOP and SMP 1.1 Unloading of Dust Respiratory Moderate and Training manuals materials from problem 2. Provide adequate training to Truck Collision of Injury to operators trucks personnel 3. Conduct regular safety audits 1.2 Shifting of Dust, collision, Injury to Moderate and rectify safety issue and material by overloading personnel monitor safety compliance mobile reports equipment's 4. Ensure use of PPE 1.3 Transportation Dust, Respiratory Light of material in overloading, problem conveyors and injury to personnel 2 Blast furnace 1. Hot protection suit to be worn 2.1 Tapping of hot Spillage of hot Burn injury High by personnel working with hot metal metal metal 2.2 Working in gas Gas leakage Gas High 2. Follow work permit, SOP and pipeline poison, gas SMP. explosion 3. CO gas monitoring system for 2.3 Operation Electrical Body injury High gas leakage. Area Hazard 4. Purging with inert gas while working in Gas Lines 5. Wear gas masks during working in gas line 6. Firefighting system in operation 7. Reliable and selective digital or microprocessor based electromagnetic protective relays would be incorporated in the electrical system 3. Coke Ovens 3.1 Storage of Inflammable, Fire Moderate 1. Inspection Coal / Coke may cause hazard 2. Water sparklers fire 3. Fire/smoke detectors 4. Fire Hydrant system 3.2 Emission of Toxic. Fumes Long High 1. Keep the ovens under fumes from are Poly exposure slightly negative pressure to Battery doors, Aromatic may avoid fumes coming out Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 197 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

S. Activity Hazard Risk Hazard Proposed Safety system No. Potential battery top Hydrocarbons cause from Ovens (PAH) cancer 2. Proper cleaning of doors, lids etc. 3.3 Falling of Spillage of May High 1. Nobody should stand near heated Coke heated coke cause Quenching Car when in Quench Car burn pushing is being done. injury 2. All door man should wear FR jackets. 3. Manual frame cleaning to be done by standing at side and not directly in front. 4. Use coal cake Scrapper during cake breakage most of the time to clean it. (For Stamp charge) 5. During coal cake breakage, never stand in front of oven for cake cleaning if required. (For stamp charge) 6. Wear helmet with glass protection for face. 7. Charging level to be maintained and levelling shall be done. 3.4 CO Gas Highly May High 1. Gas detectors leakage Flammable cause loss 2. Inspection and to life & Maintenance of Pipe lines property and Water seals. 3. Fire Hydrant system 4. Proper design of electrical fittings as per HAC Fire Fighting system 4 Induction furnace with Ingot Casting 1. Using inert gas to prevent 4.1 Shifting of Collision, Injury to Moderate oxidation material by overloading personnel 2. safety distance of 4 mtr from mobile the delivery spout are equipment suggest to work near molten 4.2 Tapping of Spillage of Burn injury High metal liquid steel liquid steel Physical 3. Hot protection suits to be and slag in Hazards worn by personnel working Ladle with hot metal Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 198 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

S. Activity Hazard Risk Hazard Proposed Safety system No. Potential 4.3 Radiation Scarp, testing Fatal High 4. Scarp must be free from of equipment disease contamination. Face 4.4 Explosion Molten metal, Burn, High mask/shield should be injury, provided. Death 5. Follow work permit SOP and 4.5 Operation Electrical Body injury Moderate SMP. Area (Shed) Hazard 6. Complete dryness of material 4.6 Tapping of Occupational Burn Injury Moderate prior to contact with liquid liquid steel in Hazard Physical iron and steel separation of Ingot Moulds Hazard flammable gas and combustible material, ensure that scrap used in process should not be contaminated with hazardous materials. Storage structure made of noncombustible material provide equipment grounding for minimization of static electricity hazard. All the motor must be spark proof. 7. Firefighting system 8. Reliable and selective digital or microprocessor based electromagnetic protective relays would be incorporated in the electrical system 9. Vital connections e.g. water, power, etc., would be regulated as per requirement

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7.5.6 Mitigation Measures for Identified Hazard and Risks Risk Mitigation measures for the proposed Expansion and Installed facilities require adoption of best safety practice at the respective construction zones as well as operational phase within the works boundary. In addition, the design and engineering of the proposed facilities will take into consideration of the proposed protection measures for air and water environmental as outlined in earlier Chapter. Coal/Coke Handling Plant  Coal handling unit shall be minimum 500 meters away from the residential area, school/colleges, Historical Monuments, Religious Places, Ecological sensitive area as well as forests area. Also, from Railway line, Express ways, National Highways, State ways and District Roads and from water bodies like River, Nala, Canal, Pond etc.  Coal storage unit shall provide paved approach with adequate traffic carrying capacity.  Compound wall with adequate height should be constructed around the coal storage area  The unit should have adequate water supply through pipe/ surface water before selection of the site.  Coal storage unit should ensure that stacking of coal in heaps does not get higher than the compound wall of premises of unit  Adequate dust suppression measures should be provided. Firefighting measures should be provided to avoid any fire and ensure that there is no explosive or chemical reaction in storage yard.  Coal unit should take measures to control the air pollution while loading/handling coal. Specific measures should be under-taken to avoid fugitive emission at the time of loading/unloading of coal by individual coal yard unit.  All electric fittings as per HAC, as inappropriate selection of electrical fittings can cause dust explosion. Blast Furnace  Gas safety man would accompany the team and would test the area for the presence of CO, before starting the work. If CO, concentration is found exceeding the safe limit, the job would not be undertaken. Always undertake the work using necessary safety appliances viz., Oxygen Breathing Apparatus/Blower type Gas mask.  Any gas cutting /welding job would be undertaken with the clearance from Gas safety man. Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 200 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

Control Rooms  Control rooms shall be blast proof and shock proof  The building shall be located upwind of the process storage and handling facilities.  Adequate number of doors shall be provided in the control room for safe exit  Smoke detectors system shall be provided for control rooms at suitable locations  One hydrant (minimum) for every 45m per wall of the building shall be positioned all around the building. Metal spillage  In case of minor leakages, the flow of molten metal will be controlled.  Any accumulation of water will be prevented in such vulnerable areas  If there is major breakout, the area would be cut off and cordoned.  Vital connections e.g. water, gas, compressed air, oxygen etc., would be cut off or regulated as per requirement. Electrical safety  Adequately rated and quick response circuit breakers, aided by reliable and selective digital or microprocessor based electromagnetic protective relays would be incorporated in the electrical system design for the proposed activities.  The metering and instruments would be of proper accuracy class and scale dimensions.  Installation of electrical equipment as per HAC.  Periodic electric audits to be done. Fire Fighting Facility inside The Plant All the fire extinguisher system will be controlled by the Security Department. Safety department will consist of qualified safety manager, safety officer and supporting staff. Following are fire-fighting facilities required in the plant:  Portable fire extinguishers  Fire Hydrant system  Sprinkler system employed near fire prone areas  Fire Buckets

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Table 7.6: Details of Fire Fighting Facilities onsite

S.No. Name of site Type of Extinguisher

1 Cable galleries CO2& Foam type, Dry chemical powder

2 High voltage panel CO2& Foam type, Dry chemical powder

3 Control rooms CO2& Foam type, Dry chemical powder

4 MCC rooms CO2& Foam type, Dry chemical powder

5 Pump Houses CO2& Foam type, Dry chemical powder 6 Guest houses Dry chemical powder, foam type and offices 7 Godowns Foam type

8 Bunkers, Silo, CO2 type, N2 type, automatic sprinkler, fixed spray enclosed dust nozzle(unless water reactive) collector Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Personal Protective equipment kept on site shall be made readily available to plant personnel. Following Table No. 7.7 shows the lists of recommended Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) onsite. Table 7.7: Summary of Recommended Personal Protective Equipment According to Hazard

Workplace Hazards Suggested PPE Eye and face Flying particles, molten metal, Safety glasses with side-shields, protection gases or vapors, light radiation protective shades, etc. Head protection Falling objects, inadequate Plastic helmets for top and side impact height clearance, and overhead protection power cords Hearing Noisy Areas Hearing protectors (ear plugs or ear protection muffs) Foot protection Failing or rolling objects, points Safety shoes and boots for protection objects. Corrosive or hot liquids against moving and failing objects, liquids and chemicals Hand protection Hazardous materials, cuts or Gloves made of rubber or lacerations, vibrations, synthetic material(Neoprene), leather, extreme temperatures steel, insulation materials, etc.

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Workplace Hazards Suggested PPE Respiratory Dust, fogs, fumes, mists,  Facemasks with appropriate filters for protection gases, smokes, vapors dust removal and air purification (chemical, mists, vapors and gases).  Single or multi-gas personal monitors, if available Oxygen deficiency Portable or supplied air (fixed lines). Onsite rescue equipment Body / leg Extreme temperatures, Insulating clothing, body suits, aprons protection hazardous materials, biological etc. of appropriate materials agents, cutting and laceration BF Gas – Mainly Maintenance and operation of  Online gas detector systems to be CO of mini BF installed in addition to portable CO monitors. O2 masks & kits with other appropriate PPEs will be provided.

7.6 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY ONSITE M/s. Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. will adopt suitable measures for Occupational hazards. Measures for Occupational health & safety of workers shall be complying with OSHA standards. Permissible Exposure Level (PEL) of various Chemical Handled on site are listed below in Table 7.8.  Dust Exposure level of shop floor workers shall be appropriately monitored.  Check of the effectiveness of preventive and control measures on regular basis.  Adequate supplies of potable drinking water are to be provided. Water supplied to areas of Plant food preparation or for the purpose of personal hygiene (washing or bathing) shall be according to the drinking water quality standards.  Where there is potential for exposure to harmful dusts by ingestion, arrangements are to be made for clean eating areas, where workers are not exposed to the hazardous or noxious substances  Periodic medical hearing checks are to be performed on workers exposed to high noise levels  Provisions are to be made to provide OHS orientation training to all new employees to ensure they are apprised of the basic site rules of work at / on the site and of personal protection and preventing injury to fellow employees  Contractors that have the technical capability to manage the occupational health and safety issues of their employees are to be hired, extending the application of the hazard management activities through formal procurement agreements Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 203 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana- 122052

 Ambulances and First aid treatment facilities shall be made available in the plant premises for any emergency situation Table 7.8: PEL level Summary as per OSHA

OSHA PEL Cal/OSHA PEL NIOSH REL ACGIH 8-hour TWA Chemical Up to 10-hour S. No. (ST) STEL(C) Name mg/m3 TWA(ST) STEL(C) TLV Ceiling Ceiling mg/m3 mg/m3 1. Coal Dust 0.9 (resp.) 2. a) Respirable bituminous or fraction less 2.4 mg/m3 0.9(bituminous) lignite; 0.4 (resp.) than 5% SiO2 1 anthracite (coal b) Respirable dust to be fraction 10/(%SiO2+2) 0.1(bituminous) monitored for greater than crystalline silica 5% SiO2 3. Iron oxide 10 (fume) 5 fume) 5 (dust & fume) 5 mg/m3 4. Quartzite 5 mg/m3 2 mg/m3 2 mg/m3 2 mg/m3

5. Fly Ash 1 mg/m3, natural (calcium as Wollastonite oxide, (IHL, no asbestos sillicates) and <1% crystalline silica) 6. Carbon Mono 55 mg/m3 25 ppm 35 ppm 25 ppm oxide Reference- OSHA/PEL exposure limit Guide

7.6.1 Details of exposure specific health status evaluation of worker Workers' health shall be evaluated under pre-designed format given below for chest X- rays, Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision testing (Far & Near vision. color vision and any other ocular defect) and ECG. Evaluation shall be done pre-placement and also intermittently. Details of above-mentioned parameters shall be analyzed data as per age, sex, duration of exposure and department wise.

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Spirometry Tests Total FVC FEV 1/ Year FEV 1 PEFR Conclusion Manpower (ltrs) FVC %

Physical Examination Tests Total Right Left Color YEAR Pulse ECG BP Squint Manpower Eye Eye Blindness

Investigations Tests Total Blood Blood Sugar URINE YEAR Lipid Manpower (CBC) (F&PP) (R&M) profile

Audiometry Tests Total Audiometry YEAR Normal Abnormal Conclusion Manpower done Annual report of health shall be reviewed as per above given formats for M/s. Lal Ferro Alloys Pvt Ltd manpower, once the facility is in operational mode. Budget of Rs. 10 lakhs shall be kept to ensure Occupational Health & Safety of all Employees including contract & casual workers. Details of breakup of OH&S fund is provided in Table No. 7.9. Table 7.9: Breakup Details of OH&S Budget

OHS Budget S.No. OHS Requirement (In Lakhs) 1. Installation of Fire hydrant /Sprinkler/Route/Maintenance of 2.0 Fire Hydrant Line 2. Installation of Heat &smoke detectors and their Maintenance 0.50 3. Maintain register of Fire Extinguisher system with proper -- numbering, location and next refilling due date 4. Yearly Hydro test of Fire Extinguishers 0.50 5. Work Zone Monitoring (Production and Control Room) 0.75

6. Co2 Flooding System for MCC & Panel Rooms 0.50 7. Environment Audit (Once in Year) 0.75 8. Third Party EHS Audit (Once in 2 years along with) 1.0

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OHS Budget S.No. OHS Requirement (In Lakhs) 9. PPE Purchase 0.75 10. Exhaust Ventilation Test 0.50 11. Yearly Occupational Health Monitoring of Employees 0.75 12. Training and Safety Awareness Program/Safety week celebration 0.50 Conduction and Safety Slogan 13. Maintenance of accessories/safety equipment in plant 0.50 14. Misc 1.0 Total 10

7.7 NATURAL AND MANMADE CALAMITIES WHICH CAN LEAD TO EMERGENCY 7.7.1 Earthquake Giridih District area falls under the Seismic zone-III, which is the Moderate risk zone where earthquake up to magnitude 5.0 rector scales may trigger into a technological disaster, including collapse of structures, buildings leading to fire and explosion. Earthquake cannot usually be forecasted and therefore precautions immediately prior to such event are not usually possible. Earthquake zonation map is given below in Fig No 7.1.

Fig 7.1: Earth Quake Zonation Map

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Emergency recovery plan has been considered by the emergency management team as per the situation and site conditions as follows. Table 7.10: Emergency Recovery Plan

Step Activity Action By Preparedness  Constitute Emergency Response Team Plant Key Person  Identify ECC, if the identified ones are damaged  Control centers to be equipped with  Alarming  Communication facilities  Emergency vehicles/ equipment  List of emergency contacts & suppliers  Medical facilities Action during  Do not panic. Raise alarm Individual(s) effective period  Avoid standing near to windows, external walls  Stand near the columns or duck under sturdy furniture.  Assemble at emergency assembly point as there may be aftershocks Action after  Assess situation and initiate shut down of Main Controller, effective plants (if required) Incident Controller, Period (Establish  Initiate search & rescue (if required) Site Incident Emergency Control  Evacuation of people. Controller, , Center. Site Main  Recovery/ Rehabilitation Work Coordinators – Fire & Security, Safety, Controller to direct  Medical care for the injured. Material and Medical all activities)  Supply of food and drinking water.  Temporary shelters like tents, metal sheds etc.  Repairing lines of communication and information.  Restoring transport routes  Take head count  Activate emergency plan as situation demands  Assess damage

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7.7.2 Storm The contingency actions during storm shall be based on the weather forecasts obtained from meteorological stations and the local meteorological department. Some of the important actions to be carried out are as follows: Prior to Storm  Communication with the local meteorological department.  Maintain distances from storm in order to execute preparatory actions in a shorter time.  Considering the consequences about the emergency might have on operations and personnel.  Review all operations carefully to ensure that systems in jeopardy are taken care of or shut down.  Ensure the readiness of first aiders, emergency vehicles, medical centre, medicines etc.  Metallic sheets, loose materials, empty drums and other light objects shall be properly secured.  Flush the drainage systems. During Storm  Remain calm.  Avoid going outdoors.  Do not seal the office completely as the suction created by the difference in atmospheric pressure inside and outside can rip open a window or door by breaking window glass panes. After the Storm  Do not touch electric lines.  Stay away from the disaster area.  Take special precautions in driving vehicles since the under-pavement could cave in due to the weight of automobile. 7.7.3 Flood River and Excessive Rain water flooding are the most frequently occurring natural disaster and are increasing in occurrence more rapidly than any other disaster. Jharkhand faces major floods mainly due to Flash Floods. Due to the erosion of embankments spread of population and general disturbance in ecology and inability of identifying the catchment areas the incidences of Flash floods have become frequent in the state. Flash flood has causes severe damages to houses, roads, bridges and culverts. As Usri River is located at just at a distance of 3.65 km in NE direction from

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the plant site, flood control measures shall be taken as required to maintain the Plant safety. 7.7.4 Air Raid Air raid warning is obtained from the District Emergency Authority or Defense Authorities, during which total blackout of the entire complex should be considered. Some of the contingency actions to be considered during an air raid are as follows:  The Aviation Lights installed on highest point inside the factory shall be switched off.  All the lighting on the Streets shall be put off.  All the plant lighting shall be put off.  Brown curtains shall be provided for all windows inside the building.  Other emergency actions shall be followed in addition as per the general procedure. 7.7.5 Food and Water Poisoning Food and water poisoning to a no. of persons, due to canteen food or other means, is another scenario which can leads to major emergency. In this case Medical Officer would be informed immediately by the Main Controller at site and then to incident Controller (IC) and Site Controller (SC). In such situation doctors will act and if situation demands additional help such as ambulances, doctors and medicine would be arranged from nearby factories and hospitals. 7.8 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN AND MITIGATION MEASURES The objectives of DMP is to describe the company’s emergency preparedness, organization, the resource availability and response actions applicable to deal with various types of situations that can occur at facility in shortest possible time. Thus, the overall objectives of the emergency plan are summarized as:  Rapid control and containment of Hazardous situation.  Minimizing the risk and impact of event/ accident.  Effective prevention of damage to property. In order to achieve effectively the objectives of emergency planning, the critical elements that form the backbone of Disaster Management Plan (DMP) are:

 Reliable and early detection of an emergency and immediate careful planning.  The command, co-ordination and response organization structure along with availability of efficient trained personnel.  The availability of resources for handling emergencies.  Appropriate emergency response action.  Effective notification and communication facilities.

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 Regular review and updating DMP.  Training of the concerned personnel. Steps taken for minimizing the effects may include rescue operations, first aid, evacuation, rehabilitation and communicating promptly to people living nearby. 7.8.1 Key Elements a) Basis of Plan Hazard Identification necessitates preparation and planning the prevention and methods by which accidental failure can be tackled without much damage to life. HAZID /HIRA and consequence analysis combines and requires planning for the following:

 Hazards from spread of fire or release of flammable from storage and process units  Hazards due to formation of pressure waves due to vapour cloud explosion of flammable gases  Hazards during handling of Hot Materials b) Emergency planning and Response procedure The Emergency Response Plan is plan for dealing with emergencies are implemented immediately whenever there is a fire, explosion, or release of a hazardous substance, etc, that threatens human health or the environment. The emergency response plan is reviewed and immediately amended whenever:

 The plan fails in an emergency  The list of emergency contacts change  The list of emergency equipment changes  The facility changes in its design, construction, operation, maintenance, or other circumstances in a way that increases the potential for fire, explosions, or release of a hazardous substance c) Incident Response Plan It is the Frame work of addressing the emergency situation arose due to failure scenario.

 Incident Response Plan(IRP) and Emergency Preparedness Plan  Incident Response Team (IRT)  Emergency Response Team (ERT)  Crisis Management Team (CMT)

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7.8.2 On-Site Emergency Plan Disaster management plan are prepared with an aim of taking precautionary step to control the hazard propagation, avert disaster, take action after the disaster which limits the damage to the minimum and follow the on-site emergency planning. The onsite emergency is an unpleasant situation that causes extensive damage to plant personnel and surrounding area and its environment due to in operation, maintenance, design and human error. Onsite plan will be applied in case of proposed expansion. Following point are taken into consideration:

 To identify, assess, foresee and work out various kinds of possible hazards, their places, potential and damaging capacity and area in case of above happenings.  Review, revise, redesign, replace or reconstruct the process, plant, vessels and control measures if so assessed.  Measures to protect persons and property of processing equipment in case of all kinds of accidents, emergencies and disasters  To inform people and surroundings about emergency if it is likely to adversely affect them. Disaster Control Management System at M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. Disaster Management group plays an important role in combating emergency in a systematic manner. Schematic representation Emergency Control Management System for M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. is shown in below mentioned figure:

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Fig 7.2: Onsite DMP - Disaster Control / Management System Emergency Control Centre (ECC) An Emergency Control Centre (ECC) is established from which emergency operations are directed and co-ordinated. Centre will be activated as soon as on-site emergency is declared. The ECC will consist of one room, located in an area that offers minimal risk being directly exposed to possible accidents. During an emergency, the Emergency Management Staff, including the main controller will gather in the ECC. Therefore, the ECC will be equipped with adequate communication systems in the form of telephones and other equipment to allow unhampered organization and other nearby facility personnel. The ECC will provide shelter to its occupants against the most common accidents; in addition, the ECC’s communication systems will be protected from possible shutdown. The ECC will have its own emergency lighting arrangement and electric communication. The ECC will always be ready for operation and provided with the equipment and supplies necessary during the emergency such as:

 Hazard identification chart  All Emergency response plans  Population around factory  Internal telephone connections and External telephone connections  A list of key personnel, with addresses, telephone numbers, etc.

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 Hotline connection to district collector, police control room, fire brigade, Hospital etc.  Public address system (PAS)  MSDS of all the materials used in Plant site  List of dispensaries and registered medical practitioners around factory  Area map of surrounding villages  Note pads and ball pens to record message received and instructions  The blown-up copy of Layout plan showing areas where accident has Occurred  Updated copies of the On-site Disaster Management Plan  Emergency telephone numbers  The names, phone number, and address of external agencies, response organizations and neighboring facilities  The adequate number of telephones  Emergency lights  List of fire extinguishers with their type no. and location, capacity, etc  Personal protective equipment (PPE)  Safety helmets  Clock  Several maps of the facility including drainage system for surrounding area showing: i. Areas where hazardous materials are stored ii. Plant layout iii. Plot plans of storage tanks, routes of pipelines, all water permanent lines etc. iv. The locations where personal protective equipment are stored v. The position of pumping stations and other water sources vi. Roads and plant entrances vii. Assembly areas viii. Lay out of Hydrant lines Following is the list of important contact numbers:

Sr. No. Designation Mail id Contact number 1. Deputy Commissioner dc-gir[at]nic[dot]in 9431144644 2. Superintendent of Police 9431706326 3. SDPO 9431706327 4. Municipal Commissioner 5. Deputy Development ddc-gir[at]nic[dot]in 9431989998 Commissioner 6. Additional Collector ac-giridih[at]nic[dot]in 9431184592 7. Civil Surgeon cs-giridih[at]nic[dot]in 9264436516

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Sr. No. Designation Mail id Contact number 8. District Informatics Officer jhrgir[at]nic[dot]in 9771862121 9. District Transport Officer dto-giridih[at]nic[dot]in 9431978557 10. District Planning Officer dpo-giridih[at]nic[dot]in 7903954300 11. District Treasury Officer 9279510282 12. District Education Officer 7004177019 13. District Superintendent of dse-giridih[at]nic[dot]in 9430783989 Education 14. District Election Officer election-giridih[at]nic[dot]in 7250999480 15. District Welfare Officer dwo-giridih[at]nic[dot]in 9431978846 16. District public relations Officer iprd-giridih[at]nic[dot]in 9006814294 17. District planning Officer 8800972062 18. District Social Welfare Officer dswo-giridih[at]nic[dot]in 9931154475 19. Executive magistrate, Giridih 9934559935 20. Executive magistrate, Giridih 7488210332 21. Assistant director, social adss-giridih[at]nic[dot]in 9835409337 security, Giridih 22. Superintendent Products, 9431150165 Giridih 23. Executive Officer,National 9431166564 Savings, Giridih 24. District Fisheries Officer-Co- 8002848209 Chief Executive Officer, Giridih 25. District Land Conservation 9431364759 Officer, Giridih 26. Executive engineer, Drinking ee2dwsd- 9430512191 water and sanitation division-2 giridih[at]nic[dot]in Giridih 27. Executive Engineer,Rural 9431323435 Special Division, Giridih 28. District Agriculture Officer, dao-giridih[at]nic[dot]in 9430315150 Giridih 29. District Animal husbandry daho-giridih[at]nic[dot]in 8084610080 Officer, Giridih 30. District Supply Officer, Giridih dso-giridih[at]nic[dot]in 9931579293

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Hospital/Ambulance Details:

Red Cross Ambulance Services 06532 226180 Rotary Ambulance Services 06532 226934 Late Baijnath Lal Ambulance 918092266899, 9570108296 Goinka Hospital Ambulance 06532 223304 Sardar Hospital Ambulance Services 9431160370

Women Helpline Numbers Mahila Thana Giridih: 06532 222777 Women help line Giridih: 100 & 228239 Roles and Responsibility A team of following Essential persons shall be taking necessary action in case of emergency. The roles and responsibilities of these personnel are defined subsequently: • Main Controller • Site Incident Controller (SIC) • Incident Controller (IC) • Liaison Officer • Communication Officer • Observer • In-charge (Security) • In-charge (Medical) • Shift In-charge (Security) a) Main Controller The Primary Controller is the employee who gives the first information about the Incident /accident. He will be responsible for: • To inform the Security office (Main Gate), & Engineers/Sr. Engineers / Shift In Charges/HOD of Section of the aforesaid Department/Section from the nearest available telephone about the location and nature of incident. • To assist rescue operation as well as clear obstruction, if any, in the same. • To carry out all instructions from Incident Controller. b) Site Incident controller (SIC)

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The Unit Head shall have overall responsibility for the factory and its personnel. In absence of Unit Head, Chairman OHS Committee shall assume the responsibility of Site Controller. His duties during emergency shall be: • To assess the magnitude of the situation and decide if employees need to be evacuated from assembly points. • To give necessary instructions to Liaison Officer, HOD(HR&A) regarding the help to be obtained from outside agencies like Fire Brigade, Police and Medical. • To advise Liaison Officer to pass on necessary information about the incident to News Media and ensure that the evidences are preserved for enquiry to be conducted by statutory authorities. c) Incident Controller (IC) The HOD of affected department shall have overall responsibility for controlling the incident and directing the personnel. Section In charge of the affected department shall assume the responsibility of Incident Controller(IC) in the absence of HOD of affected department. His duties during emergency shall be: • To inform Communication Officer about the emergency, Control Center& Assembly point. • To direct all operations` within the affected area with priorities for safety of personnel, to minimize damage to the Plant and environment and to minimize loss of material. • To act as Site Controller till the later arrives. • To advise and provide information to Fire Squad, Security Officer and Local Fire Services when they arrive. • To ensure that all non-essential persons are sent to the assembly point. d) Liaison Officer HOD (HR&A) shall be the Liaison officer. He shall be responsible for: ‐ • To contact Fire Brigade, Police, and Medical facilities on intimation from Site Controller & arrange for the rescue operation. • To ensure that the casualties receive attention. • To inform relatives of the affected employee at the earliest. • To arrange for additional transport if required. • To arrange for relief of personnel & organize refreshment/catering facility, in case the duration of emergency is prolonged.

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• To issue authorized statements to news media and ensure that evidence is preserved for enquiry to be conducted. e) In-charge (Medical) On receiving the information, he will reach hospital immediately and take following actions: • He will keep necessary first aid and medicines and artificial respiration equipment ready. • Inform doctors at other places to be ready, for attending serious injury, burn cases and food poisoning.

f) Observer During Mock Drill for Emergency Situations they shall be placed at different locations in plant to note down the movement and action taken by people and give feed back to the Site Controller. g) Communication Officer In‐Charge (Safety) shall act as Communication officer. He shall work from Control Centre and maintain communication between relevant personnel. He shall be responsible for: ‐ • To apprise the site controller of the situation, based on the information received, suggest the evacuation of personnel from assembly points, if needed. • To arrange for suitable persons to act as runners/messengers in case of failure of communication system. • To carry out any other works as assigned by Site Controller/Incident Controller h) In-charge - Security • The In-charge (Security) shall guide the crew, according to the condition of emergency site, for the actions required to handle the emergency i.e. for fire- fighting, removal of debris, arresting of dust, removal of oil-soaked earth etc. He shall give instructions to Security Guards to cordon off areas as required by Incident Controller. He shall render all help to incident controller to handle the emergency and carry out the work as assigned to him. • He shall be responsible for ensuring the discipline at control points and for preventing the entry of unauthorized persons inside the affected area as well as inside the factory during emergency.

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i) Shift In charge – Security He shall be responsible for • To arrange the necessary help as requested by Primary Controller. • To inform In-charge (Security). • To blow emergency siren, if instructed by the HOD (HR&A)/Incident Controller. • To send Ambulance near accident area. • To rush to the accident site with fire brigade along with available trained security Persons. Automatic Fire Detection System Unattended vulnerable premises like electrical control rooms, cable tunnels, MCC, oil cellars, etc. will be provided with automatic fire detection and alarm systems. Manual Call Point Systems All major units and welfare/administrative building will be provided with manual call points for summoning the fire-fighting crew from the fire station for necessary assistance. Fire Station The following equipment will be provided in the fire posts. • Portable pump • Wireless set • Hoses Alarm System A hooter installed at the Security Office shall be blown alternately with high and low pitch for 2 minutes to indicate major emergency in the plant. In such case, all non‐essential employees are expected to gather at assembly point i.e. Company’s Main Gate/Time Office. Signal for the clearance of emergency shall be given by blowing the hooter continuously for one minute. First Aid • A list of First Aid boxes is available in every department as mentioned in ECC • Section In-charge shall ensure that refilling is done on monthly basis and shall maintain a record of refilling. • Fully equipped Ambulance Van is available. The Ambulance shall be periodically checked through preventive maintenance program. To ensure that the system is

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strictly followed, In-charge (Safety) shall cross check randomly once in a fortnight the preparedness of Ambulance as per the check list and counter sign. • The injured shall be shifted to nearby hospital, as per the opinion of the Medical Officer. • The names & contact numbers of trained First Aiders are provided the same is displayed at all the prominent locations in the premises. • In case of Injury caused due to Hazardous Chemicals, Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) available with the user department / Hospital shall be referred. Mock Drill For reviewing and assessing the level of preparedness, In‐charge (Safety) shall conduct. Mock trials four times in a year simulating the covered emergencies and will maintain records of the trials. Corrective and Preventive measures, if suggested/directed, will be initiated and relevant records of the same are maintained. Fire drills will be exercised once in every six months under the leadership of In-charge (Safety). The records of Fire drill will be recorded & maintained. The findings of the mock drills shall be used for improvements in preparedness and response. All team leaders shall be responsible for implementing the suggestions based on mock drill findings within reasonable time frame. Training On yearly basis class room training for fire-fighting and mitigating measures to be adopted to reduce environmental impact & OHS risks, will be imparted covering at least 20% employee by the In‐charge (Safety) and In‐charge (Security). The records of the same are maintained. Evacuation Plan To establish method of systematic, safe and orderly evacuation of all the occupants in case of fire or any emergency, in the least possible time, to a safe assembly point through nearest safe means of escape. • Facility staff will be notified of evacuation by one or more of the following method(s): • Verbal, Intercom, Portable Radio, Alarm, Other • Notification to emergency services to ECC • Staff will follow predetermined evacuation routes and assemble at designated areas. • Evacuation maps must be displayed throughout the facility.

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• Individuals responsible for coordinating evacuations must confirm the process. 7.8.3 Off-Site Emergency Planning The off-site emergency plan is an integral part of any hazard control system. It is based on those accidents identified by the works management, which could affect people and the environment outside the works. The roles of the various parties that may be involved in the implementation of an off-site plan are described below. The responsibility for the off-site plan will be likely to rest either with the works management or with the local authority. Schematic representation of various organisation involved during emergency is shown below in Fig.7.2. Either way, the plan must identify an emergency coordinating officer who would take overall command of the off-site activities. Consideration of evacuation may include the following factors: • In the case of a major fire but without explosion risk (e.g. an oil storage tank), only houses close to the fire are likely to need evacuation • If fire is escalating very fast it is necessary to evacuate people nearby as soon as possible • In acute emergency people are advised to stay indoors and shield themselves from the fire.

Fig 7.3: Various Organizations Involved During Emergency

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Organization Organizational details of command structure, warning systems, implementation procedures, emergency control centres include name and appointments of incident controller, site main controller, their deputies and other key personnel involved during emergency. Communications Identification of personnel involved, communication centre, call signs, network, list of telephone numbers. Special Emergency Equipment Details of availability and location of heavy lifting gear, specified fire-fighting equipment, fireboats etc. Voluntary Organizations Details of Voluntary organizations, telephone numbers nearby of hospitals, Emergency helpline, resources etc are to be available with chief authorities. Non-governmental Organizations (NGO) NGO’s could provide a valuable source of expertise and information to support emergency response efforts. • Evacuation of personnel from the affected area • Arrangements at rallying posts and parking yards • Rehabilitation of evacuated persons Chemical information Details of the hazardous substances (MSDS information) and a summary of the risks associated with them will be made available at respective site. Meteorological information There is to be arrangements for obtaining details of weather conditions prevailing at before the time of accident and weather forecasts updates. Humanitarian Arrangements Transport, evacuation centres, emergency feeding, treatment of injured, first aid, ambulances, temporary mortuaries. Public Information • Dealing with the media-press office

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• Informing relatives, etc. Assessment • Collecting information on the causes of the emergency • Reviewing the efficiency and effectiveness of all aspects of the emergency plan. Role of local authority Local Authorities like Panchayat, Sabha, Samity, municipalities can help in combating emergency situation after assessing the impact scenario in rescue phase. Role of police The police are to assist in controlling of the accident site, organizing evacuation and removing of any seriously injured people to hospitals. • Co-ordination with the transport authorities, civil defence and home guards • Co-ordination with army, navy, air force and state fire services • Arrange for post mortem of dead bodies • Establish communication centre with easy contact with ECC Role of Fire Brigade The fire brigade shall be organized to put out fires and provide assistance as required during emergency. Media • The media is to have ready and continuous access to designated officials with relevant information, as well as to other sources in order to provide essential and accurate information to public throughout the emergency and to avoid commotion and confusion. • Efforts are made to check the clarity and reliability of information as it becomes available, and before it is communicated to public Public health authorities are consulted when issuing statements to the media concerning health aspects of chemical accidents. • Members of the media are to facilitate response efforts by providing means for informing the public with credible information about accidents involving hazardous substances. Role of health care authorities • Hospitals and doctors shall be ready to treat all type of injuries to causalities during emergency.

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• Co-ordinate the activities of Primary Health Centers and Municipal Dispensaries to ensure required quantities of drugs and equipment • Securing assistance of medical and paramedical personnel from nearby hospitals/institutions • Temporary mortuary and identification of dead bodies 7.9 CONCLUSION As discussed in above sections, adequate risk Control measures for process needs to be considered for to say that the proposed expansion or new proposed Project Activity is not likely to cause major significant risk to onsite, offsite & environment. Suitable Mitigation Measures will be taken by M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd., Jharkhand to ensure complete workplace safety. In the event of disaster onsite, offsite and all the emergency planning procedures will be followed so as to minimize the impact on working personnel, plant surrounding and environment. ------

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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih,Jharkhand CHAPTER 8 Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) of capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 PROJECT BENEFITS ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

CHAPTER - 8 PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 INTRODUCTION The development of industrial projects plays a key role in the economic growth of any country. Iron & Steel are considered as the back bone of manufacturing industry and are major input to the sectors which support main industries such as; Automobile, Industrial Machinery, Power, Construction & Mining Equipment, Railways and General Engineering. Per capita iron / steel consumption is a major indicator of economic status of any country. The growth of the steel industry significantly contributes to economic growth as it generates employment both directly and indirectly due to development of downstream industries. Peripheral development takes place and due to more influx of money through the area, overall importance of the area increases and overall infrastructure improves. 8.2 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL Employment generation potential from the proposed project will be 120 direct employment comprising Technical, Managerial & Supervisory Staff. In addition to the direct employment, proposed project will generate numbers of indirect job opportunities also on local and regional level. 8.2.1 Direct Employment Non-Working population in the study area is 64.55% while the literacy rate is 49.31%, thus it can be inferred that employment opportunities are moderate and not growing in accordance with growth of education. Employment scenario of the study area is largely dependent on the agriculture and Industrialization of the area. The proposed expansion project has employment generation potential by way of recruiting local people directly for different activities of the project. The total manpower requirement of the industry is 120. Both skilled & un-skilled workers will be employed by the company. These persons will be on the Company payroll. Local people will be given opportunity of employment as per their capability and expertise. Priority is given to scheduled tribe families and women. This shall enhance the present socio-economic conditions of the area. 8.2.2 Indirect Employment The project will also generate indirect employment to the local people. Indirectly arising employment due to this project shall be around 600 nos., involved in supply of raw material, transportation of raw materials, transportation and / or sale of finished goods etc. The basic target would be the development of the local villages in the vicinity of the project. Hence, tremendous scope for development of the local population economically is envisaged. As there is no tribal population in the vicinity, there may not be much contribution towards the development of the tribal population. Major maintenance will be contracted out to the reputed agencies. Odd jobs, plant cleaning, hiring of vehicles, road

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and maintenance, plant security, gardening/green belt development etc. will be locally contracted out. 8.3 IMPOVEMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE M/s Lal Ferro Alloy Co (P) Limited intended to provide the following infrastructure in the study area of 10 km radius. a) Health facilities: Providing medical services in the nearby villages, periodically, through mobile van with medical staff and necessary medicines. b) Sanitation and Hygiene: Provide the facilities of Distributions of Dust Bins and arrangement of Garbage disposal. c) Infrastructure: Creation of community assets (infrastructure) like Installation/ Repair of hand Pumps/ Bore wells, Gram Panchayat dug well de-siltation and deepening, as a part of corporate social responsibility. d) Road Transport: There will be improved road communication due to the proposed project. e) Increasing other business opportunities for local people- There will be scope of hiring vehicle like tractors & trolleys, JCB, excavators during construction phase of the project and trucks / trailers during operation phase. 8.4 EDUCATION The local peoples’ interest towards education will increase due to the expectation of getting jobs, especially from non-agricultural sources. The project is expected to increase such aspirations by bringing opportunities of some direct and indirect employment for the local people. The general awareness towards the importance of education is expected to increase as a result of the proposed project. The project will have positive impact on the level of education of the people. 8.5 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT RESPONSIBILITY Company is responsible for social activities and encourages a positive impact on the stakeholders through these activities. The Industry intends to undertake CER activities in and around their Plant. A total amount of around Rs. 12.3 lakhs has been earmarked to meet expenditures for the implementation of the CER activities identified on the basis of issues raised in Public Hearing and the SIA study conducted by the expert in the study area villages. 8.6 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS Manufacturing units by nature serve as the nuclei for development of small-scale industries in the areas around them. These small-scale units usually have input-output linkages with the manufacturing unit. The demand for spares, assemblies and sub-assemblies by steel plants are generally met through the supply (of these items) from small-scale units located

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nearby. The present project is likely to accelerate such industrialization through “Bubble Effects” in the study area. It is important to note that the small-scale units are usually labor-intensive and high-priority industries from social point of view. This is expected to play a major role in the future economic and social development of this area. The proposed project is expected to serve as Centre of excellence and shall boost the small-scale industrial economy around it, complemented by the services sector. The project is expected to play a major role in the future economic and social development of this area. Project will encourage industrial growth of this sector in the region 8.7 CONCLUSIONS On the basis of the overall results of the present impact assessment the following conclusions are drawn:

 The project will have positive impact on educational status of people of the study area.  The project will have strong positive affect on employment and income, both direct as well as indirect. Thus, likely to increase average income of the local people.  There is a possibility of increase in industrial development in the vicinity. This is likely to bring more skill diversification among local people.  Overall community development is envisaged due to this project.

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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT CHAPTER 9 M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih,Jharkhand ENVIRONMENTAL 3 Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m ) of capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 BENEFIT COST ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity ANALYSIS of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

CHAPTER 9 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS

9.1 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS As per EIA Notification dated 14th September, 2006; as amended from time to time; the chapter on “Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis” is applicable only, if the same is recommended at the Scoping Stage. As per the ToR points issued by MoEF&CC, vide letter no. 23-90/2018-IA.III (V) dated 1st February, 2019 for proposed enhancement and installation project, the Environmental Cost Benefit Analysis is not required. ------

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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT CHAPTER 10 M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih,Jharkhand EMP Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) of capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 IMPLEMENTATION ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity PROGRAM of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

CHAPTER - 10 EMP IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM 10.1 INTRODUCTION Any industrial development is associated with certain positive impacts as well as some negative impacts on the environment. However, the negative or adverse impacts cannot possibly rule out scientific development. At the same time adverse impacts cannot be neglected. An Environmental Management Plan shall be formulated for mitigation of the adverse impacts and is based on the present environmental conditions and the environmental impact appraisal. This plan helps in formulation, implementation and monitoring of the environmental parameters during and after commissioning of the project. The Environmental Management Plan describes in brief, the management plan for proper and adequate implementation of treatment and control system for air and liquid pollutants and for maintaining the environment. It also includes the development of green belts in and around the plant, proper safety of the workers, noise control, fire protection systems and measures. 10.2 PURPOSE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN The environment management plan is prepared with a view to facilitate effective environment management of the project, in general and implementation of the mitigation measures in particular. The EMP provides a delivery mechanism to address potential adverse impacts and to introduce standards of good practice to be adopted for all project works. For each stage of the program, the EMP lists all the requirements to ensure effective mitigation of every potential biophysical and socio-economic impact identified in the EIA. For each operation, which could otherwise give rise to impact, the following information is presented:  To treat and dispose-off all the pollutants viz. liquid, gaseous and solid waste so as to meet statutory requirements (Relevant Pollution Control Acts) with appropriate technology.  To support and implement work to achieve environmental standards and to improve the methods of environmental management.  To promote green-belt development.  To encourage good working conditions for employees.  To reduce fire and accident hazards.  Budgeting and allocation of funds for environment management system.  To adopt cleaner production technology and waste minimization program. 10.3 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT POLICY & ENVIRONMENT COMMITTEE The Company is very much oblivious of its responsibility in protecting the Environment. Thus various mitigation measures as given in the report shall be taken-up and effort will

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be made to nullify the effect of the Project, on the Environment, if any. Any action or effort remains incomplete, if it is not monitored properly at regular intervals and corrective measures are taken, wherever necessary. Regular monitoring has thus, been proposed. The Company has a well-defined policy to keep the Environment clean. M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd has decided that all effective steps shall be taken to prevent deterioration of the existing Environment. They have formed an Environment Committee committed for this cause. Any deviation from the Environmental Policy shall be referred to the Committee. The Committee will take adequate measures to analyze the root cause for the deviation and take corrective and preventive action. The Committee will consist of following persons as given in Figure 10.1.

Directors Board of Directors (Operations)

EHS Manager

Plant / Field Staff

Fig 10.1: Organizational Set-up for Environmental Reporting

SOP in case of any Violation is observed  The cases of violations/non-compliances of Environment or Forest Laws, if any, shall be reported to the Board of Directors through EHS Manager and shall identify designate responsible person for ensuring compliance with the Environmental Laws and Regulations.  Conduct reviews of our operations to monitor environmental performance.  Comply with all relevant environmental laws and regulations to minimize risks to health, safety and the environment.  Work with local government, regulatory authorities and communities to ensure safe handling, use and disposal of all materials, resources and products. The main aims under the said Policy are to:  Effectively manage, monitor, improve and communicate the environmental performance.  Take all reasonable steps to prevent pollution.  Set realistic and measurable objectives and targets for continual improvement of the environmental performance.

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 Ensure that all employees and contractors are trained to understand their environmental responsibilities and create an environment that adheres to the Company’s Policies, procedures and applicable regulations.  Minimize waste and increase recycling within the framework of waste management procedures.  Comply fully with all relevant legal requirements, codes of practice and regulations.  Identify and manage environmental risks and hazards.  Hold leadership accountable for good environment performance of our operations and projects. Inherent in that accountability will be the commitment of management to provide resources and successfully create an appropriate environment.  Reduce, recycle and reuse natural resources.  The project proponent shall regularly review this policy and ensure that corrective and preventative actions are taken in order to ensure continual improvement.  To treat all the pollutants viz. liquid and gaseous, which contribute to the degradation of the environment, with appropriate technologies.  To comply with all regulations stipulated by the Central / State Pollution Control Boards related to air emissions and liquid effluent discharge as per air and water pollution control laws, to handle hazardous wastes as per the Hazardous & Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.  To encourage support and conduct developmental work for the purpose of achieving environmental standards and to improve the methods of environmental management.  To make continuous efforts to improve environment.  The system of reporting of Non-conformances/ violation of any Environmental Law/Policy will be as per the management system.

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Fig 10.2: Board Resolution

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Fig 10.2: Environment Policy of M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd.

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10.4. IMPLEMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd is responsible for implementation of all the mitigation and management measures. A separate department “Environmental Management Cell” (EMC) is established to look after all environmental related matters of the plant. The EMC will supervise the reported activity from time to time for smooth implementation of Environmental Mitigation and Management measures and will take necessary actions if required. The cell will act to ensure the suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of the Environment Management Program. It will also ensure to meet all the Statutory Requirements. Roles & responsibilities of Environment Monitoring Cell (EMC) has been discussed in details earlier in Chapter-6. The environmental monitoring system will be followed as proposed in chapter 6 and statutory requirements. 10.5 BUDGETORY PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES Table 10.1: Budgetary Provision for Environmental Protection Measures S. Environmental Protection Measures Capital Cost Recurring Cost No. (Rs. In lakhs) (Rs. In lakhs/year) 1 Air Pollution Control Measures 200.0 25.0 2 Water Pollution Control Measures 20.0 3.0 3. Noise Pollution Control Measures 3.0 1.0 4. Greenbelt Development 12.5 2.0 5. Rain Water Harvesting 15 1.5 6. Occupational Health and Safety 10 2.0 measures Total 260.5 34.5 Budget for Corporate Environment 12.3 Responsibility (CER) Total EMP Budget Including CER 272.8

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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih,Jharkhand CHAPTER 11 Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) of capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 SUMMARY & ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity of CONCLUSION 18000 TPA MS Ingots

CHAPTER 11 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 11.1. INTRODUCTION M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd is an existing steel plant located at Village: Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand having production capacity of 12,000 TPA Pig Iron through 1x23m3 Mini Blast Furnace along with non-recovery type Coke Oven Plant (2x12 Ovens – Non Recovery Type) for production of 15,000 TPA Coke. The existing plant area is 4.75 Ha (11.74 Acres). Consent to Establish (NoC) for installation of the existing facilities was obtained from JSPCB vide letter No. 225 dated 25.01.2007. The project proponent has applied for Consent to Operate (CTO) on 30.12.2008. During processing of CTO the project proponent was given to understand that Environmental Clearance is required for operating Pig Iron and Coke Plant before grant of CTO. The project attracts the provisions of S.O. 804(E) issued by MoEF&CC on 14.03.2017 for the projects under Violation. The company is now seeking environmental clearance for the already installed Pig Iron Plant (Mini BF 1x23m3) and Coke Plant (24 Non-Recovery Type Ovens) for the production of 12,000 TPA Pig Iron and 15,000 TPA Coke, respectively, along with the installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) for production of 18,000 MS Ingots under proposed expansion within the existing plant area. The plant has never been operated after installation. The project is listed as activity 3 (a) ‘Metallurgical Industries (Ferrous & Non-ferrous)’ under Schedule of EIA Notification, 2006 and falls under category as ‘A’. TOR for the project was granted by MoEF&CC on 1st February, 2019 vide F.No. 23-90/2018-IA.III(V). The project shall be appraised by the Expert Appraisal Committee (Violation) at MOEF&CC. 11.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 11.2.1 Location Details The project is located at Village: Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih (Jharkhand). The proposed Induction furnace will be installed within the existing plant premises. The study area of the proposed expansion project is free from ecologically sensitive areas. There is no Wildlife Sanctuary/National Park/Bio-sphere Reserve/Habitat of Migratory birds, Tiger Reserve/Elephant Reserve/Turtle Nesting Archeological Monument/Defense installation within 10 km radius from the project site. There is no Forest land in project site. The transportation infrastructure is already available and is well maintained the existing area. The site is well connected with SH-13 which is at a distance of 1.5 km in NE direction and which further connects to NH-114A. The nearest railway station is Giridih which is 4.8 km in NW direction. Nearest town is Giridih which is 4.8 km from project site in NW direction.

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11.2.2 Manufacturing Process Coke Oven Plant (Under Violation) The coke making process involves carbonization of coal to high temperatures in an oxygen deficient atmosphere. The commercial coke making process can be broken into two categories: a) By-product Coke making b) Non-recovery / Heat Recovery Coke making (Non-Recovery Coke ovens) The process used by M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. is a Non-Recovery Process through 24 coke ovens for production of 15,000 Ton Coke annually. The Non-Recovery type Coke Ovens are constructed in the form of a battery. Coke making through non-recovery technology, due to its inherent features of carbonisation at negative pressure and complete burning of all hydrocarbons with large excess air, has got the distinct advantages over conventional coke ovens in respect of pollution control. The process of manufacturing coke in Improved Coke Ovens can be broadly classified in three sections i.e. (i) coal handling, (ii) charging, carbonizing and discharging, (iii) product disposal. Coal handling and Preparation This process involves (a) Coal unloading and blending in pits (when required) (b) Picking and sorting of the foreign materials, shale, stone etc. (c) Crushing (d) feeding and charging. The coal from mines is to be transported by road, and is unloaded in the factory raw materials stockyard. After unloading at the stockyard manual screening and picking up of extraneous materials is done. The hand picket de-shaled coal of around –75 mm is then crushed to 100% through 1 mm to 3 mm by suitable crushers. The crushed coal falls directly into the coal tubs placed below the crusher. When coals of different sources are to be used, then coals of different sources may be mixed earlier at the required proportions and then fed into the crusher. The coal tubs can move on rail trucks laid on the oven top for charging the ovens. The empty tubs after charging are brought back to the crusher for further loading of coal. The mixed coal is then transported from the pit to the oven top. The same is lifted by conveyer belts and fed into trolley, which moves over rail track on the oven top. Feeding- Charging- Leveling Coke oven are individual coking chamber made of silica brick walls. A series of adjacent coke ovens, sharing coal charging and Chimney and waste product control equipment are termed as coke battery. The Pusher Cars filled with coal (levelled mechanically) is pushed inside the ovens for coking.

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Carbonization After nearly all the coal has been dropped into an oven, a pusher machine extends a large steel ram to level the coal within the oven to a height that provides a space above the bed of coal to allow for the collection of gases emitted during the coking process. The ovens are initially brought up to the required temperature by heating with coal. The ovens, which are in continuous operation, attain the temperature required for carbonization. The coal charge instantly gets fired with the release of volatile material and the process of carbonization continues. A plastic layer is formed, which moves slowly as carbonization process towards the center of the oven. The gases and primary tar vapors evolved by decomposition of the coal substance in the plastic zone and semi coke residue travel outward. Because of the resistance of the plastic layer to the passage of gases, the travel is outward rather than inward. The coking process takes between 48 – 50 hours depending upon (a) The type of Coal used (b) The air flow of the ovens (c) The quantity and the height of the charge and (d) the quality of finished product required. At the end of the process time red-hot coke mass is left inside the oven. The contents are checked up from time to time and when carbonization is complete the oven door is opened and the pusher car is pushed to the other side, from the side it was pushed in. A coke guide on the coke side directs the coke across a bench and into a 'quench car.' The coke lumps are then quenched with cold- water hose. The water used for quenching etc. will be drained into a central tank and after settling the water can be reused for quenching and the coke breeze carried over by water will be settled down and can be collected in few days’ interval. After the coke mass is cooled down the coke available in lumpy size is sent to the crusher where the same is crushed into specific sizes as per requirement. The gases driven from the coal during coking are carried away from the oven through refractory- lined standpipes connected to a 'collecting main,' which runs the length of a battery. Preparing Coke for Use After quenching, the temperature of coke is about 150o to 200oC. The quench car dumps the coke onto a coke wharf, which feeds the coke onto conveyer belts that transport it to a coke screening station. After screening BF Grade Coke will be send to the Blast Furnace. Coke breeze and Middling will be sold in the market. The screening station is a processing point that either diverts the coke to a truck 'load- out' bin or sends it to be separated according to size. The load-out bin holds the coke for dump trucks to transport it to storage piles. Coke is fed onto a single-deck scalping screen where large pieces of coke are separated for crushing before rejoining the smaller coke for screening.

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Pig Iron Plant- Mini Blast Furnace (Under Violation) The Capacity of already installed Mini Blast Furnace is 1x23 m³ (40TPD), with annual production of 12,000 TPA pig iron considering working days as 300 in a year. The Blast Furnace is of regenerative type stoves for pre-heating the blast air to and operated with high top pressure by throttling the exhaust gases. The specific details related to Blast Furnace are shown in the following table:

Unit Installed Capacity Working Days Production Blast Furnace 1x23 m3 = 40 TPD 300 12,000 TPA Water Requirement Make Up Water 300 73 KLD Raw Materials Raw Material Size (mm) Quantity (TPA) Requirement Lump Iron Ore 10-30 19200 Coke 10-20 & 20-40 9000 Dolomite 10-30 1200 Lime Stone 10-30 1500 Manganese ore 10-20 480

Pig Casting Machine One pig casting machine has been provided to cast excess hot metal. This machine is placed at the end of the cast house. Hot metal after tapping is being received in a hot metal ladle through hot metal runners. At the end of the tapping, an EOT crane lift the ladle and pour the hot metal into the pig casting machine through refractory lined trough. The pig casting machine is of strand type. The weight of each pig can be below 10 kg for ease of handling. From the machine, the pigs are being collected directly in a pig handling truck, placed below the pig casting machine. The located pig handling truck is being taken out to storage/dispatch area after weighment in the weigh bridge. A lime slurry preparation unit including lime vat, lime slurry agitator and lime spray pumps has been provided for coating the moulds with lime. Gas Cleaning System Gas from the furnace top will first enter a dust catcher and then the Cyclone Separator where most to the coarse particles get settled. Dry method of gas cleaning which is ideally suited to the small blast furnace up to 23m³, is installed. This reduces the water consumption in the furnace, which is a vital parameter. The gas is passed through bag filters which ensure almost 99.9% cleaning of the gas all the time. The system is simple and easy to operate and also economical due to reduced power and water requirements. This system is also highly environmental friendly. One flare Stacks has been provided. Any surplus gas available after plant use is let-out through the flare stack and burnt during emergency.

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Steel Melting Shop- Induction Furnace (Proposed Unit) Induction furnace of capacity 6T for producing approx. 63 Tons of liquid steel per day has been proposed to install within existing premises. The steel melting shop will have complete facilities right from receiving and processing yard for Raw Materials, Charging Bays, Furnace Transformer, Cooling towers, DM Plant, Softening Plant, EOT Cranes, Storage Yards, Conveyor Systems for feeding, bin weighing system, Ladle heater, Compressor, Pumps, Electrical Power and Control System, etc. The production plan of the steel melting shop is based on production of 18,000 tons of ingots per year. The equivalent liquid steel production will be of the order of 18,900 tons per year providing yield loss of about 4% per ladle, tundish and casting. In Induction Furnace, Steel Scrap & Pig are melted and converted into high quality steel by using induction heating. Scrap will be charged into the crucibles for generating the hot heel. Once the molten bath has been formed and the minimum temperature of the bath has been achieved, pig iron will be charged continuously through Vibro-feeder and the slag formed will be removed periodically. After the completion of charging and melting, a sample will be drawn to determine the composition of the bath. After achieving the desired melt analysis, the temperature will be raised to the tapping temperature and furnace is tapped rapidly into preheated ladle.

Units / Particulars Installed Capacity Working Annual Days Production Induction Furnace 1x6 Ton 300 18,900 MT Water Requirement Make Up Water 300 50 KLD Raw Materials Raw Material Mix Ratio Quantity (TPA) Requirement Steel Scrap 0.114 2160 Sponge Iron 0.476 9000 Pig Iron 0.635 12000 Fumes generated during the process from all possible generation points in the shop floor are sucked through collection hood and are passed through cyclone cum spark arrestor before entry to pulse jet type bag filter to reduce the dust content within the allowable limits before discharge in to atmosphere through chimney stack. ID fans are used for suction and discharge of gases in to atmosphere. MS Ingots Once the furnace contains the full capacity of molten steel (1600–1650 °C); slag is manually skimmed off from the top. The slag is skimmed into a slag pot kept near the mouth of the furnace on the furnace platform. Next the hydraulic tilting device is actuated and liquid metal from the ladle is discharged in there factory lined central pouring trumpet, which then flows through the bottom plate runners and comes up through bottom hole of the ingot moulds. Arranged properly molten metal is poured

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through the tunic. Two sets of Ingot moulds are usually kept, where one cools till then the other is prepared etc. for the next pouring. The proposal is for production of 18,000 TPA MS Ingots. 11.2.3 Project Requirement Raw Material Requirement The basic raw materials required are iron ore, coal, limestone, dolomite, manganese ore, sponge iron and scrap. The raw materials and their annual requirement along with the source of the raw materials for the violating as well as proposed units shall be as follows: Table 11.1: Raw Material Requirement Details

S.N Raw Specific Requirement Source Transportation o. Material Consumption Per Year Distance/Mode Pig Iron Unit – 12,000 TPA (Unit under Violation) Total 237 kms; By Rail up to Railway Siding 1. Iron Ore 1.6 19200 Barajamda at Giridih, from there by road to the site 2. Coke 0.75 9000 In house - Total 500kms; By rail up to Railway Siding 3. Dolomite 0.1 1200 Bhutan at Giridih, from there by road to the site 120kms; 4. Lime Stone 0.125 1500 Patratu By road to site Manganese Local 5. 0.04 480 By Road Ore market Total 2.615 31380 Coke Oven Plant (Unit under Violation) – 15,000 TPA BCCL, 50 kms; 1. Coal 1.25 18750 Jharkhand By Road to site Induction Furnace (Proposed Unit) – 18,900 TPA 1. Pig Iron 0.635 12000 In House - Local 2. Sponge Iron 0.476 9000 By Road market Local 3. Scrap 0.114 2160 By road market Total 1.225 23160 Ingot Mould Casting (Proposed Unit) – 18000 TPA 1. Liquid Steel 1.05 18900 In house -

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Land Requirement The total plant area is 4.75 Hectare. The proposed unit shall be installed within the existing plant area. No additional land shall be procured for the expansion. Internal roads and green belt will be development as per the norms. The probable land use is given in table below: Table 11.2: Land Use Break-up

Area for Area for Total Area S. No. Type of use Existing Units Proposed (ha.) (Ha.) Units (Ha.) 1. Plant Area 1.13 0.7 1.83 2. Raw Material Storage 0.54 - 0.54 3. Road & Infrastructure 0.74 - 0.74 4. Green belt 1.57 - 1.57 5. Office & Stores 0.07 - 0.07 6. Vacant Land 0.7 - - Total Land Area 4.75 0.7 4.75 Power Requirement The total power requirement for the units under violation as well as proposed unit will be 3.5 MW. Power Permission of 0.5MVA is obtained from Damodar Valley Corporation (DVC) (Annexure-8). Permission for remaining will be obtained from DVC. Table 11.3: Power Requirement for Non-Violating & Violating Units

Power requirement (MVA) Unit Existing Proposed Units Total (Violating) Units Blat Furnace 1.0 -- 1.0 Coke Oven plant 0.5 --- 0.5 SMS – Induction Furnace --- 2.0 2.0 Total 1.5 2.0 3.5

Water Requirement Total water requirement for units under violation as well as proposed units will be 160 KLD. Requirement will be met from existing Bore wells. Individual water storage tanks are constructed for individual units. Application has been submitted to CGWB/CGWA vide F.No. 21-4/669/JH/IND/2020 dated on 22.07.2020 to obtain permission for 160 KLD groundwater withdrawals.

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Table 11.4: Water Requirement for Non-Violating & Violating Units

Water Requirement(m3/day) Unit Existing Proposed Total (Violating) Units Units Blast Furnace 73 -- 73 Coke Ovens 30 -- 30 SMS – Induction Furnace 5 50 50 Domestic Use 5 2 7 Total 108 52 160 Manpower Requirement During the construction phase local labor will be deployed temporarily and an average of about 40-50 number of workers will be employed. The total estimated manpower requirement during the operation of units under violation as well as proposed units shall be 120, inclusive of managerial, supervisory, administrative, skilled /unskilled workers, and security staff. In addition to direct employment proposed project will generate numbers of indirect job opportunities on local and regional basis. Indirectly arising employment due to this project will be around 600 nos. involved in supply of raw material, disposal or sale of finished goods, handling of raw material, etc. Cost Estimate of Project Total project cost for the existing pig iron and coke plant and proposed facilities will be Rs. 11.47 Crores. 11.3 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS The monitoring of environmental parameters has been conducted within the core zone and buffer zone (10 km radial distance) from project site at Village: Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand in accordance with the guidelines issued by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change, CPCB, and SPCB, during the study period (October to December 2018). 11.3.1 Meteorological Data The maximum and minimum temperature values at site were observed to be 33.2°C and 10.3°C respectively during the study period. The Relative humidity was in the range of 72.2% to 100%. The average wind speeds during the study period ranged between 2.67- 3.39 km/h. The total rainfall observed at the site was 103.9 mm during study period. 11.3.2 Ambient Air Quality Data Ambient Air Quality Monitoring reveals that the minimum and maximum concentrations 3 of PM10 for all the eight (8) Air Quality monitoring stations were found to be 63.5 μg/m

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3 3 3. to 86.2 μg/m respectively, while for PM2.5 it vary between 21.6 µg/m and 43.0 µg/m . 3 The minimum and maximum concentrations of NO2 were found to be 9.5 µg/m and 46.4 3 µg/m respectively. The minimum and maximum concentrations of SO2 were found to be 5.0 µg/m3 and 25.5 µg/m3 respectively. The minimum and maximum concentrations of CO were found to be 0.60 mg/m3 and 1.02 mg/m3 respectively. All the values were found to be within prescribed limits of NAAQS. 11.3.3 Ambient Noise Quality Data Ambient noise levels were measured at 8 (eight) locations around the proposed project site. Minimum and maximum noise levels recorded during the day time were 47.1 Leq dB(A) and 55.7 Leq dB(A) respectively and minimum and maximum level of noise during night time were 40.2 Leq dB(A) and 49.8 Leq dB(A) respectively. All the values were observed to be within NAAQS w.r.t. Ambient Noise for industrial or residential areas as the case may be. 11.3.4 Water Quality Data Analysis results for 8 locations of groundwater reveal that pH varies from 7.31 to 7.88, Total Hardness varies from 190.5 to 340.5 mg/l and Total Dissolved Solids varies from 455 to 705 mg/l. Flouride concentration was found between 0.88 mg/l to 1.25 mg/l. Analysis results for 5 locations of surface water reveal that pH varies from 7.40 to 7.78, BOD varies from 11.5 to 21.0 mg/l and COD varies from 34.2 to 74.0 mg/l. Indicating the surface and ground water sources free from any industrial or domestic pollution. 11.3.5 Soil Quality Data The analysis results show that soil is neutral in nature as pH value ranges from 6.3-7.2 with organic matter 0.32% - 0.81%. The concentration of Nitrogen (232 to 315 kg-N/ha) Available Phosphorus (20.31 to 25.25 kg/ha) and Potassium (232 to 380 kg/ha) has been found to be in good amount in the soil samples. Study depicts the presence of medium quantity of nutrients (NPK) in the soil of the study area. 11.3.6 Land use/Land Cover The study area consisting 23.18% (7537 ha.) of Forest, 18.53% (6026 Ha.) of Scrub land, 16.65% (5414 Ha.) crop land, 14.22% (4623 Ha.) of wood land. The land Use study indicated study area is having thick green cover randomly scattered, concentrated builtup and industrial area. 11.3.7 Hydrology The site is having specific yield up to 10 m3/hr. Pre-Monsoon (May 2019) water level depth at the site varies from 7.2 to 10.3 mbgl and Post-Monsoon (November 2019) water level depth varies from 4.8 to 7.4 mbgl. The project area lies in the ‘Safe’ category zone for the future ground water development.

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11.3.8 Traffic Study Traffic study measurements were performed at single location at SH-13 to assess impact on local transport infrastructure due to this proposed project. During baseline assessment LOS of SH-13 was found to be ‘Very Good’ that depicts volume of traffic flow below the capacity of road. From the study it has been concluded that the LOS value from the proposed expansion project may be same as it was observed before the proposed expansion i.e. “Very Good” for the State highway. So the additional load on the carrying capacity of the concern road (SH-13) is not likely to have any significant adverse effect. 11.3.9 Socio-Economic Status As per 2011 census, in the study area of 10 km radial distance from the periphery of the proposed plant there are 96 villages having 101712 persons residing. Out of the total population in the study area 51.95% (52847) are males and 48.04% (48865) are females. Overall in total population only 50164 i.e. 49.31% are literates. Overview of occupational scenario indicates 81.49% of total main working population is found to be those who have been engaged in some economic activity during the last one year and who are neither cultivators nor agricultural laborers or household industry workers. Employment situation is not also in good condition as 65662 i.e 64.55% of total population are those who have not worked any time at all in the year and are classified as non-workers. Educational facility comprising of Primary, Middle and Higher Secondary are available in the study area. Schools in some villages lack in toilets and adequate furniture facility which need to aided. People generally prefer private hospitals because of the inadequate and poor facilities at government hospitals and mostly travel to the Giridih for better treatment. Poor sanitation condition due to open kuccha drains and improper garbage disposal is common in most of the villages. Source of drinking water is mainly through hand pumps and Covered/uncovered wells but villagers mentioned about the scarcity of drinking water during summer season. The proposed region shall be benefited from the project as there will be direct as well as indirect employment of people in the Steel plant. Preference will be given to the people of the state possessing requisite skill and qualification criteria. Also there will be lot of scope for indirect employment of the people of the state in and around the project site. 11.3.10 Ecology and Biodiversity The entire study area comprises of forest lands, single cropped agricultural lands, barren lands, rivers & reservoirs, urban and semi-urban areas in varying altitudes. The forests are characterized by the presence of broad-leaved deciduous trees like Sal (Shorea robusta), Asan (Terminalia alata), Bhallaatak (Semecarpus anacardium), Palash (Butea monosperma), Piasal (Pterocarpus marsupium), Mahua (Madhuca longifolia) and Eucalyptus Sp. etc. The understory consists of bamboo clumps, lantana and Christmas

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bushes. Climbers like Bushwillow (Combretum decandrum), Air potato (Dioscorea bulbifera), Satamuli (Asparagus racemosus) etc. are found in close association with the trees and shrubs. Trees in the non-forest areas are tropical dry mixed deciduous in nature. There are many avenue trees present along the road sides and in urban plantations. The main species are Siris (Albizia procera), Kachnar (Bauhinia variegata), Amaltas (Cassia fistula), Banyan (Ficus benghalensis), Pipal (Ficus religiosa), Teak (Tectona grandis), Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna), Jacaranda (Jacaranda mimosifolia), Subabul (Leucaena leucocephala), Silver oak (Grevillea robusta) etc. All these species are economically important as well as providing green canopy cover across the study area. Common shrubs randomly distributed within the non-forest areas such as barren lands, waste lands, and periphery of water bodies. The main species are Akanda (Calotropis procera), Arni (Clerodendrum phlomidis), Ber (Ziziphus jujuba), Cassia (Cassia tora, C. fistula), Dhatura (Datura stramonium), Vasaka (Adhatoda vasica) etc. The dominant faunal species in the study area is Cynopterus sphinx (Short Nosed Indian Fruit Bat), Felis chaus (Jungle Cat), Canis aureus (Jackal), Hystrix indica (Indian Porcupine), Viverricula indica (Small Indian Civet), Boselaphus tragocamelus (Nilgai) and other reptiles like Naja Hannah (King Kobra), Calotes versicolor (Garden Gecko), Vipera russelli (Russel Viper) & Aves Accipiter badius (Shikra), Alcedo atthis (Small Blue Kingfisher), Bubo bubo (Owl), Clamator jacobinus (Pied Cuckoo). No schedule-I species was found in the survey of the study area. 11.4 ANTICIPATION ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 11.4.1 Land Environment The proposed expansion will be carried out within the existing plant area of 4.75 Ha where units under violation are already installed. No additional land will be required for the project. During Construction No tree cutting is envisaged. Hence there will be no change in land use pattern. Top soil removed from the area under construction is used & will be used for Greenbelt development within the plant premises. During Operation Land contamination due to unsystematic disposal of solid waste generated and spillage of used oil may contaminate the land. All solid and hazardous wastes shall be disposed as per Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management & Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016 and Solid Wastes Management Rules, 2016. All facilities for the temporary storage of wastes shall be inside the sheds on concrete flooring, to prevent any contamination of land. Solid waste generation and utilization from the existing and proposed plant is given below: Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 244 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET,

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Table 11.5: Solid Waste Generation & Utilization for Non-Violating & Violating Units Unit Type of Generation Utilization Sold Disposal Waste TPA TPA TPA Existing Units - (Unit Under Violation) Pig Iron Plant Blast Shall be granulated and will Furnace 4200 - 4200 be sold to Cement Slag Company. Will be sold to nearby Flue Dust 180 - 180 Sinter/Pallet Plant Coke Oven Plant Coke fines Shall be sold to the nearby from Sinter plant 3000 - 3000 Quench Pond Total Generation from Existing Units (Under 7380 - 7380 Violation) Proposed Units Steel Melting After metal recovery, Induction Shop remaining slag will be Furnace 2520 250 2270 crushed and used as Slag aggregate in construction Bag Filter Will be sold to nearby 540 - 540 Dust Sinter/Pallet Plant Ingot Mould - 900 Will be sold to nearby Sinter Scales 900 casting Plant Total Generation from 3,960 250 3710 Proposed Units Grand Total 11,340 250 11090 (Existing + Proposed Plant) Hazardous Waste: Generation of ‘Used Oil’, after the proposed expansion shall be approx. 10 kiloliters per annum and will be sold to the registered recyclers. Used oil will be collected in dedicated drums and stored on impervious concrete floor for maximum 90 days before disposal. Hence, there will be no impact on land environment during construction and operation. 11.4.2 Air Environment Construction Phase There will be several activities during the construction phase, which are likely to generate fugitive dust and gaseous pollutant. Such activities include removal and stockpiling of soil generated during preparation of site for civil construction, storage and handling of

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construction materials, civil &mechanical working & movement of vehicles and operation of construction equipment/machinery. Mitigation Measures  Water sprinkling will be done on the approach roads and near excavation/clearance/stockpiling areas at suitable intervals to control dust generation.  Top soil removed will be utilized in the greenbelt development  Soil excavated will be utilized in balancing of earthwork.  Proper maintenance of vehicles and machineries will be done and entry of only PUC certified vehicles will be allowed.  Ambient air quality monitoring as per details given in Chapter- 6 or stipulated by MoEF&CC /JSPCB will be conducted on regular basis.  Approach roads and internal roads will be repaired and maintained periodically. Operation Phase Gaseous emission shall be from the flue gases generated from Induction Furnace, Coke Oven and Mini Blast Furnace. In Pig Iron Plant fugitive emissions are expected during unloading of Iron Ore and Coke in their respective bins, Crusher, Screen and other transfer points and also during tapping and pouring. In Coke Oven Plant fugitive emissions will arise from coal crushing area, carbonization of Coal, quenching of Coke and during Crushing and transportation of Coke to Blast Furnace and storage area. In Steel Melting Shop fugitive emissions are expected during charging of raw material into the induction furnace and during taping and pouring of hot metal. Fugitive emission is also generated due to vehicular movement in the premises. Table 11.6: Details of Pollution Control Facilities

Pollution Control Connected with Emission Sl.No. Location Equipment Stack mg/Nm3 Pig Iron Plant Iron Ore Crushing Dry fog dust 1. -- -- & Screening suppression system Near Tap Hole and Pulse jet Bag Filter 2. Pouring spout of 1 <50 system Hot Metal & Slag Blast Furnace Flue 3. Gas after Stove Nil 1 <50 Heating Coke Oven Plant 4. Coke Oven flue gas Pulse jet Bag Filter 1 <50 Coal Crushing & Pulse jet Bag Filter 5. 1 <50 Screening system

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Pollution Control Connected with Emission Sl.No. Location Equipment Stack mg/Nm3 Coke Crushing & Pulse jet Bag Filter 6. 1 <50 Screening system Steel Melting Shop Cyclone-cum-spark arrester along with 7. Induction Furnace 1 <50 Pulse Jet Bag Filter system Total Bag Filter Systems -5 6 11.4.3 Water Environment Construction Phase Potential sources of impacts on the hydrology and groundwater quality during the construction phase may arise due to soil runoff from the site leading to off-site contamination, improper disposal of construction debris leading to off-site contamination of water resources or spillage of oil and grease from the vehicles and wastewater generated on site activities such as vehicles washing, workshop etc. Mitigation Measures Following precautions and preventive measure will be taken at the site during construction to avoid any ground and surface water contamination:  Not allowing water to leave the construction site.  Disposal of construction debris in approved areas.  Construction of storm water diversion channels to divert storm run-off from flowing over the construction areas.  Installing oil and grease traps in construction workshop.  Due to civil construction activities, during rainy season the surface runoff may contain more of eroded soil and other loose matter. As far as possible, construction activities will be avoided during rainy days to mitigate the small impacts on soil/water quality caused due to construction activity.  With segregation of construction area with proper drainages contamination of water due to soil erosion shall be prevented. Operation Phase - Mitigation Measures Total water requirement for complete unit after expansion shall be 160 KLD. This requirement will be met through Bore-wells. Below mentioned are the details of mitigation measures for control of water pollution:  Coke Plant: Coke Oven plant is non-recovery type of Coke Oven hence water requirement will be only for quenching of hot Coke. Water after quenching shall be

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taken to a Quench Pond from where water shall be recycled for Coke quenching after cooling it in Cooling Tower. Coke fines shall be removed from the Quench pond time to time and will be sold to nearby Sinter plant. Only make-up water shall be added in the Quench Pond.  Pig Iron Plant: As the dry cleaning of Blast Furnace Gas is proposed the water will be only required for Furnace cooling. Water will be recycled after cooling in Cooling Tower. Only make-up water of approximately 73m3/day quantity shall be required. Blow down for cooling tower shall be used for slag granulation.  Steel Melting Shop: Softening plant shall be installed for softening of water to be used for cooling of induction furnace cooling. Softening plant backwash shall be treated in installed neutralization pit. Water after cooling from cooling tower is recycled back to softening plant. The treated water from the Neutralization Pit and blow down from cooling tower shall be used for slag cooling and dust suppression.  Domestic Wastewater: The sewage & sanitary wastewater generated from toilets, washrooms and canteen buildings in the plant will be conveyed to the septic tank. The effluent from the septic tank will be disposed in soak pit. There will be no effluent discharge from Soak Pit. Sludge will be removed occasionally and shall be used as manure. Effluent generation, if any shall be used for Horticulture. Table 11.7: Details of the Water Pollution Control facilities

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11.4.4. Noise Environment Construction Phase During the construction phase, major noise generating sources are:  Excavation machines for trenching,  Concrete Mixers for casting concrete foundation,  Other construction machines including pneumatic tools and compressors.  Hammering for steel fabrication and other mechanical works like drilling, fitting, etc.  Movement of vehicles carrying materials and loading & unloading activities. Mitigation Measures  Selection of low noise generating machinery/equipment.  Engineering specifications were stipulated during tendering as a condition to maintain noise level equal to or less than 75 dB (A) at 1 m from each source.  Provision of rubber padding/noise isolators/silencers to modulate the noise generated by machinery/equipment, wherever possible.  Greenbelt development was undertaken from the construction stage itself.  Provision of protective devices like ear muff/ plugs to the workers.  Preventive maintenance of machinery/equipment and vehicles.  The high noise zones at site were demarcated and provided with enclosures & barriers and the risks of exposure to that noise levels and the appropriate control measures were also displayed at various places in the workplace.  Appropriate training and education was given to the workers.  Regular ambient noise level checks were carried out at the site. Operation phase The main noise generating sources during operational phase in the plant are:  Crushers,  Charging car,  Blast Furnace Tuyers,  Induction Furnace,  ID Fans, Compressor, Mitigation Measures  Noise control shall be an integral part of the plant design.  Design/installation will be done as specified by the manufacturers with respect to noise control and will be strictly adhered.

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 Sound attenuation panels will be installed wherever required around noise generating equipment.  Inlet and outlet mufflers will be provided wherever required.  Noise proof cabins will be provided for operators wherever possible  Process air blower, pneumatic valves etc., will be provided with Silencers.  The high noise zones will be demarcated and provided with enclosures & barriers.  Acoustic enclosure will be provided with TG Set  Compressor will be housed in a separate room acoustic wall paneling  The risks of exposure to high noise levels and the appropriate control measures shall be displayed at various places in the workplace.  Suitable isolators shall be provided at required locations to avoid rattling due to vibration  All rotating equipment / parts shall be kept well lubricated and provided with enclosures as far as possible to reduce noise transmission.  Noise shall be reduced by preventing leakages from compressed air lines and other high-pressure equipment.  Appropriate trainings and education will be given time to time to the workers.  Regular maintenance of all the machineries and equipment shall be done.  Regular ambient noise level checks will be carried out at the site.  Develop a green belt along the periphery of the plant, which will further reduce the noise levels. 11.4.5 Socio-Economic Environment Construction Phase No land is required for the proposed expansion. Hence, Resettlement & Rehabilitation is not required as there is no land acquisition or displacement of any houses, habitation or livestock. The construction phase induces employment opportunities for the local people. In addition to the opportunity of getting employment in construction work, the local population would also have employment opportunities in related activities like small commercial establishments, small contracts and supply of construction materials etc. Operation Phase With the coming up of the proposed plant new sources of income and employment will be generated. Manpower required during operational phase after proposed expansion will be 120 workers; local area people will be given preference as per skills and knowledge. Local work force shall be given first preference in the activity due to which influx of the outsiders shall be very minimal. So, there shall be no necessity of creating additional housing facility or to increase traffic burden due to daily transportation of the

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workers to the project site. Many will find employment in service sector and marketing of day-to-day needs viz. poultry and other agricultural products. Under the CER activities provisions are made for Developments of roads in the village areas, installation of street light, improvement in existing health facilities, construction of covered drains, improvement of drinking water facility, etc. These activities will definitely improve the infrastructure of the area and shall benefit the local people in the area. 11.4.6 Biological Environment During Constructional Phase Construction activities at the site involving human and vehicular movement may disturb aerial and wild animals in the area, Terrestrial micro flora and fauna at the site. However, the adverse effect is reduced by shortening the construction phase period and development of greenery along the plant boundary. Further, there are no sensitive locations within the study area. Hence, no significant adverse impact is expected on biological environment. Mitigation Measures  Construction vehicles, machinery and equipment will remain confined within their designated areas of movement and the company staff will be strictly directed not to damage any vegetation such as trees, shrubs or bushes.  The fugitive dust generated during construction phase shall be controlled by sprinkling of water. During Operational Phase Air emissions and increase in dust levels during the operational phase may result in restricted growth, less regeneration and degradation of sensitive vegetation. The increase in vehicular movement due to the expansion might increase the risk of introducing obnoxious or exotic species. The fauna might be impacted due to noise generated during the operational phase. The increase in human activity may also pose a threat fauna in the nearby areas. The air emissions might reduce the abundance of sensitive species like butterflies and birds. The increased traffic may result in road kills of wildlife while crossing. The proposed activity may result in degradation of surrounding habitat, introduction of weeds, increased road traffic, habitat fragmentation and wildlife poaching and forest fires. These activities may act at the larger level and reduce ecosystem resilience. Ecosystem resilience is the overall diversity of the habitat, which helps to resist the adverse conditions and or calamities that may seriously damage that particular habitat. Mitigation Measures  The fugitive dust generated during operation phases shall be controlled by sprinkling of water.

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 Dust extraction system with Bag Filter systems have been proposed at Coal & Coke Crusher & Screens, Mini Blast Furnace hot metal /slag tapping areas and Induction Furnace  Tall trees with thick canopy will be planted along the boundary area to reduce fugitive dust emission and gaseous emission.  To minimize the impact due to noise generated during the operational phase clear instruction will be given to the vehicles entering in the project site not to use pressure horns during night time as it may distract the fauna or animals near the site.  Hunting, poaching and harassing of wild animals will be strictly prohibited. Boundary wall is erected at plant site to check the entry of animals in search of eatables.  Wastes of the camps will be properly disposed-off to prevent the chances of eating by wild animals, which may become hazardous to them.  Special measures will be adopted to minimize impacts on the wild animals, birds such as avoiding noise generating activities during the critical periods of breeding.  Since the proposed project is expansion within the existing project area and most of it within the existing shades, the overall impacts are predicted will be insignificant. 11.4.7 Greenbelt Development Green Belt will be developed over 33% of the plant area. Indigenous trees will be planted in 1.57 Ha out of the total area of 4.75 Ha. Tree density of 1600 trees per hectare with local board leaf specification will be planted. Total 2500 trees will be planted, with the budget of Rs. 12.5 lakhs kept for Greenbelt development. 11.4.8 Rain Water Harvesting The value of annual run-off and hourly run-off available from the plant premises for recharge shall be 27235.28 m3/annum & 837.15 m3/hr. Capacity of hourly recharge of single rain water recharging pit of proposed dimension shall be 110.25 m3/hr. Total 8 number of recharge pits shall be constructed within the plant premises to accommodate hourly runoff generated on the day of rainfall. The project site is located in Giridih district which lies in ‘Safe’ zone as per Ground water resources of India, 2017. 11.5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES The proposed project is an expansion of existing steel plant and will be installed in the existing premises; hence, alternatives sites were not examined. The proposed project has adopted a technically viable, economically feasible and proven technology of downstream facilities of steel plant which will be giving more sustainable product. Hence, implementation of technology and site selection needed no additional analysis for alternatives technology and site location for the proposed project. 11.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM The environment monitoring plan enables environmental management system with early

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sign of need for additional action and modification of ongoing actions for environment management, improvement and conservation. The environmental monitoring points will be decided considering the environmental impacts likely to occur due to the operation of proposed project as the main scope of monitoring program is to track, timely and regularly, the change in environmental conditions and to take timely action for protection of environment Monitoring of environmental samples will be done as per the guidelines provided by MoEFCC/CPCB/JSPCB. Separate records for water, wastewater, solid wastes, air emission, soil and manure/ compost will be prepared and preserved regularly. Along with other budgets, Budget for environmental monitoring will be prepared and revised regularly as per requirement. The estimated yearly budget for Environmental Monitoring has been kept as Rs. 10.25 lakhs which include monitoring of efficiency of pollution control equipment, once in six months. 11.7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES 11.7.1 Social Impact Assessment The study area was defined as an area within 10 km radius around the proposed project site. Total 96 villages are coming within the 10 km radius of the study area. The villages are from Giridih, Deori and Gande Tehsil of Giridih District of Jharkhand state in the study area. Socio economic survey was conducted in 8 villages of the study area. As per the data generated through the survey it is observed that the quality of life of the surveyed villages is on an average with minimal availability of basic amenities. The sanitation condition is poor due to open drainage system and improper disposal of garbage which leads to the unhealthy environment and cause for various health problems. Medical institutions are available but can provide basic medical aid. Drinking water scarcity exists during summers and hand pumps are the main source of drinking water supply in most of the villages. 11.7.2 Public Hearing The public hearing was conducted on 23.01.2020 at Chhurriwala Garden Harsingh Raidih, Dist - Giridih, Jharkhand by Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board. Table 11.8: Summary of the Issues Raised During Public Hearing and Action Plan S. Name & Village of Issues Raised Action Plan No. Participant Commitment Time Budget Frame 1. 1. Mr. Anil Sahoo, Employment  The total man 2 A budget of Rs. 3 Biswasdih for the power required for months lakhs have been 2. Mr. Satish Kedia, unemployed the project has kept for Giridih youth of the been estimated at construction of 3. Mr. Dubalal, nearby villages. 120. Vocational Trainings Giridih  The local people Centre. 4. Mr. Binod Prasad, Women and youth will be given the highest Document No. 2018_VI_00035_FINAL EIA Page | 253 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET,

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S. Name & Village of Issues Raised Action Plan No. Participant Commitment Time Budget Frame Jambad employment priority in 5. Mr. Rafique employment based Ansari, Tikodih on their 6. Mr. Niranjan qualification and Kumar, Giridih skills during 7. Ms. Geeja Devi, construction and Mohanpur operation of plant. 8. Mr. Aman Sahoo,  Employment will be Biswasdih given to women with proper 9. Mr. Nilu Kumar training. Rana, Giridih  Employment will be given irrespective of their caste and creed.  ID cards as proofs to all the workers working in the plant. 2. 1. Mr. Sureh Sahoo, Pollution  Dust Extraction 22 Rs. 220 lakhs have Biswasdih control system with Cyclone Months been earmarked for 2. Mr. Sentu Pal, measures taken Separator and air and water Dendua by the Pulse Jet Type Bag pollution control 3. Mr. Satish kadia, Company Filters will be under EMP budget. Giridih installed with MBM, Rs. 12.5 lakhs shall 4. Mr. Naveen Coke Ovens and be spent on Pandey, Giridih Induction Furnace greenbelt 5. Mr. Dubalal,  Dust suppression development inside the plant premises. Giridih systems shall be installed at 6. Ms. Ginja Devi, Conveyor transfer Mohanpur points.

 Closed conveyors shall be installed  Concrete flooring with covered sheds will be provided for material storage.  Green belt will be developed in 1.57 hectare area of plant area.

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S. Name & Village of Issues Raised Action Plan No. Participant Commitment Time Budget Frame  Zero liquid discharge will be implemented.  Regular water sprinkling on strategic locations to arrest fugitive emissions.

3. 1. Mr. Brajesh Education  Awareness camps 3 Budget of Rs. 3.0 Nayak, Giridih Facility, for the necessity of months lakhs per year shall 2. Mr. Aman Sahoo, especially for education for both be kept for Biswasdih women parent and children providing study 3. Mr. Yogendar in village Biswasdih materials and to run Sahoo, Giridih and later setting up the Awareness a small education camps, under CSR. center. Budget of Rs. 2.7  Providing Furnitures lakhs under CER for in School in villages providing furnitures at Biswasdih, Girdih, and Computers in Gadi Srirampur and Schools Tikodih.  Computer with internet facility in the Giridih High School. 4. 1. Mr. Sanjay Kumar Medical facility  Facility of movable 2 Budget of Rs. 3.0 Sinha, Biswasdih for villagers, van carrying a months lakhs kept for 2. Mr. Naveen near by the medical staff along providing moveable Pandey, Giridih plant with necessary van. medicine and Budget of Rs. 2.0 instruments in lakhs per year for village. providing  Also, awareness awareness programs on child programs on child and mother care, and mother care, health and hygiene health and hygiene practices will be practices conducted.

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S. Name & Village of Issues Raised Action Plan No. Participant Commitment Time Budget Frame 5. 1. Mr. Dubalal, Drinking Water  Installation of Hand 6  Budget for Giridih problem Pump in the village months Installation of 2. Ms. Ginja Devi, Purananagar having hand pumps at the Mohanpur uncovered well only cost of Rs. 1.6 3. Mr. Monu Kumar, drinking water lakh, Tikodih source  Budget of Rs. 4. Mr. Bihari Shaw,  Tankers of drinking 50,000 per year Tikodih water will be for providing supplied to the drinking water villages during through tankers summer season during summer, marriages etc. 11.7.3 Corporate Environment Responsibility (CER) Following major issues were raised in the Public hearing and issues come out during SIA study: From discussion with villagers during SIA Study  Drinking water facility  Open Drainage Problem  Garbage Disposal  Health Camp for villagers

Major issues raised during Public Hearing  Employment  Drinking water facility  Education Facility  Medical Facility  Proper pollution control measures The Management of LFACPL has proposed to spend Rs. 12.3 lakhs as a part of CER activity. The activities based on the need and priorities of the villagers identified during the SIA study and raised during Public hearing. 11.7.4 Hazard Identification and Risk management Some of the hazards likely to occur due to the proposed project are given below.  Fire at Lubrication, Hydraulic & fuel oil installations  Fire at Coal/Coke handling/storage station  Coal/Coke dust emissions

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 Physical Hazards due conveyor system, material handling, Overhead Crane  Fugitive Dust of Raw Material Handling at charging bay, storage yard,  Collapse of Structures/Fall of Material, stacking failure  Loading/ Unloading failures  Electrocution/ Electrical Hazards  Fire hazards/Slippage hazard due to waste oil generated in plant  Accidental Spillage of hot molten metal  Injury due to machines  CO gas leakage from Blast furnace 11.7.5 Risk Analysis The site-specific risk analysis was carried out and the probable hazard zones like proposed Induction Furnace and existing Pig Iron plant consisting of Mini Blast Furnace and Coke Plant and other units of the proposed and existing plant. The Action plan and control measures for the same were formulated based on the risk rating. The site specific HIRA was conducted and the suitable safety measures were proposed to minimize the hazard. 11.7.6 Occupational Health and Safety Source of Occupational Health Hazards are:  Fire Hazards  Heat Radiations  Air Pollution  Noise Level The proposed expansion Project is not likely to cause major significant risk to onsite, offsite & environment. Suitable Mitigation Measures will be taken by M/s. Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd., Dist-Giridih, Jharkhand to ensure complete workplace safety. In the event of disaster onsite, offsite and all the emergency planning procedures will be followed so as to minimize the impact on working personnel, plant surrounding and environment. 11.8 PROJECT BENEFITS The proposed expansion would have the following operational advantages:  Availability of land hence no land procurement.  Utilization of existing facilities as it is in continuation with existing plant;  Connectivity with railway line via railway siding;  Increase in revenue in terms of taxes at local, state and national level;  Opportunity to create direct and indirect employment to several other hundreds more through multiplier effect in terms of downstream socio-economic benefits and

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consequent improvement in the living conditions of local population in the study area and in region;  Increased investment in CSR/CER etc. 11.9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. through EMC (Environment Management Cell) will maintain data regarding monitoring & analysis and implement all the mitigation measures during construction & operation phases of the project. The estimated capital cost and recurring cost of Environment Management is Rs. 272.8 lakhs (including CER budget of Rs.12.3 lakhs) recurring expenditure Rs. 34.5 lakhs/year. 11.10 CONCLUSION M/s. Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd proposes to improve the viability of the existing project by the addition of facilities for the production of value added downstream products with ready market opportunity for Ingots in the existing steel making industry. The steel industries in general are on priority list as they contribute in overall development of the country and in particular will produce steel and steel products at economic cost and also have export potential to earn/save foreign exchange. Environmental Impact Assessment study established that, M/s. Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited will successfully implement a well – designed Environmental Management Plan and it will comply with Environmental Norms/Guidelines issued by JSPCB/CPCB/MoEF& CC. The region shall also be benefited from the project as there will be direct employment of people in the Steel plant. Preference will be given to the people of the state possessing requisite skill and qualification criteria. Also, there will be lot of scope for indirect employment of the people of the state in and around the project site like in transportation sector. In view of the above the expansion project of M/s. Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd is technically feasible and financially viable thus, we request EAC to recommend EC for the project from Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change (MOEF&CC). ------

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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT CHAPTER 12 M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, ASSESSMENT OF THE Jharkhand ECOLOGICAL DAMAGE, REMEDIATION PLAN AND 3 Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m ) of capacity 12000 TPA and Coke NATURAL AND COMMUNITY Plant (24 ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with RESOURCE AUGMENTATION production capacity of 18000 TPA MS Ingots PLAN

CHAPTER 12 ASSESSMENT OF THE ECOLOGICAL DAMAGE, REMEDIATION PLAN AND NATURAL AND COMMUNITY RESOURCE AUGMENTATION PLAN 12.1. BACKGROUND M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. is an existing pig iron plant at Village: Biswasdih, P.O. Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih, Jharkhand. The Pig Iron Plant and Coke Oven Plant were installed in the year 2007 after obtaining Consent to Establish from Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board on 25th January, 2007, however prior environmental clearance as per EIA Notification, 2006 was not taken, hence the installed units comes under violation. The present proposal is for obtaining the environmental clearance for the already installed Pig Iron Plant (MBF 1x23m3) and Coke Oven Plant (Non-Recovery Type) for production of 12,000 TPA Pig Iron and 15,000 TPA Coke, respectively, along with installation of 1x6 Ton Induction Furnace (New) for production of 18,000 MS Ingots. The project activity is listed at S. No. 3 (a) Metallurgical Industries (Ferrous & Non Ferrous) Industry-1, under Category ‘A’, as per the EIA Notification, 2006 and attracts the provisions of SO 804 (E) issued by MoEF&CC dated 14.03.2017 due to the Violation. 12.2 VIOLATION DETAILS Chronology of the Events  CTE for installation of Pig Iron Plant (40 TPD) & Hard Coke Plant (50 TPD), issued by JSPCB, Ranchi vide letter No. 225 dated on 25.01.2007.  After setting up the plant the project proponent applied for Consent to Operate (CTO) to JSPCB on 30.12.2008.  During the processing of CTO, PP was given to understand that EC is required for the Pig Iron Unit and Coke Plant, prior to grant of CTO.  Project proponent submitted application to MoEF&CC for obtaining TOR on 19.08.2009 to conduct EIA Study for obtaining environmental clearance for the installed plant and for installation of the proposed 1x6 Ton Induction Furnace for production of 18,000 TPA MS Ingots.  MoEF&CC granted TOR vide F. No. J-11011/537/2OO9-IA-II (l) to the project on 08.01.2010.  The draft EIA was submitted to JSPCB 02.11.2012 for conduct of public hearing.  After Public Hearing on 22.01.2013, the project was submitted to the Ministry of Environment & Forest to obtain Environmental Clearance for the already installed

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and proposed units, on 30.10.2013  The project was considered in 25th Reconstituted EAC meeting held on 13-14th October, 2014. The EAC referred the matter to the Ministry asking whether the EC application can be considered by EAC.  MoEF&CC vide letter dated on 09.12.2014 communicated to LFAL that matter shall be further considered after;  Matter related to violation is put-up to the Board of Directors of the Company or Managing Committee for consideration of the environment related policy / plan of action.  State Govt. shall initiate credible action.  Resolution passed by the Board of Directors of M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. Pvt. Ltd that no violation under EP (Act) shall be repeated.  Project proponent vide letter dated on 12.02.2015 requested the Member Secretary, JSPCB to take credible action against the unit and file case.  JSPCB vide letter dated on 31.07.2015 requested judicial Court, Giridih to issue notice to M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. Pvt. Ltd. The case no. 63/15 was filed against M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co Pvt. Ltd. u/s 37 of Air (Pollution & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and u/s 44 of Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.  M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Pvt. Ltd. vide letter dated on 15.07.16 submitted to MoEF&CC the followings:  Copy of credible action initiated by JSPCB  Resolution passed by the Board of Directors of the company  Resolution is also take to the effect that status quo shall be maintained.  On 14.03.2017, Notification no. S.O. 804 (E) dated was issued by MoEF&CC to deal the projects under Violation.  As the existing plant was installed without prior environmental clearance, the project was resubmitted under violation to MoEF&CC on 28.06.2017 vide proposal No. IA/JH/IND/65610/2017 for obtaining ToR.  The Expert Appraisal Committee (Violation) deliberated the project during its 6th EAC meeting held on 20th April, 2018.  Accordingly, Terms of Reference was granted by MoEF&CC vide F.No. 23-90/2018- IA.III(V) dated 01.02.2019, under the provisions of MoEF&CC notification S.O. 804 (E) dated 14.03.2017  After submission of draft EIA to JSPCB, Public Hearing for the project was conducted on 23.01.2020.

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 The proposal is for obtaining the environmental clearance for the already installed Pig Iron Plant (MBF 1x23m3) and Coke Plant (24 Non-Recovery Type Ovens) for production of 12,000 TPA Pig Iron and 15,000 TPA Coke, respectively, along with installation of 1x6 Induction Furnace (proposed) for production of 18,000 MS Ingot.  The plant has never been operated since the installation of units under violation 12.3. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY In this Chapter, assessment of damage on air, water, land, ecology and other environmental attributes, due to installation of 1x23 Cubic meters Mini Blast furnace and 24 Ovens Non-recovery type Coke Ovens (under violation) has been carried out and a remediation plan for augmentation of natural resources and community development has been proposed, corresponding to the ecological damage. Monitoring of air, water, noise, and soil quality was carried out by NABL accredited laboratory and details are presented in Chapter-3. Assessment of environmental / ecological damage along with its remediation plan and NCRAP has been discussed in following paras. 12.4 ECOLOGICAL DAMAGE ASSESSMENT AND REMEDIATION PLAN Assessment of environmental/ecological damage with respect to air, water, noise, soil/land, flora & fauna and other environmental attributes, due to construction of Pig Iron Plant and Coke Plant is described in the Table 12.1. The table discusses all the possible impacts, related with the violation activity and mitigation measures to minimise the environmental impacts has been proposed.

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Table 12.1: Assessment of Environmental / Ecological Damage and Remediation/ EMP suggested Sl. Environmental Activity Possible Impacts Environmental Measures to be Measures Budget, in No. Attributes Measures taken inside the proposed for addition to the taken during Plant (Proposed) nearby EMP & CER Construction Community Budget (Rs.) 1. Land 1. Site Clearing 1. Change in Land 1. Land use change 1. Greenbelt shall 1. Assistance to  Budget of Rs. 2 2. Excavation Use envisaged be developed to Gram lakhs have 3. Transportation 2. Land 2. Excavated top prevent soil Panchayat for been kept, of excavated contamination soil was used for erosion distribution of which will be soil and due to unplanned plantation 2. Storage of HSD, Organic provided to construction storage of 3. Construction lubrication oil, Fertilizer to the the Gram material excavated soil machineries hydraulic oil etc. farmers. This Panchayat for 4. Storage of and construction were taken on shall be done will help in purchase of excavated soil material hire, hence HSD, under covered improving soil Organic and 3. Reduced soil lubricants, shed on fertility and Fertilizer for construction fertility due to hydraulic oil concrete flooring production of the villagers. material at Site removal of top were not stored with bund wall crop.  Budget of Rs. 5. Construction soil inside the plant all around the 2. Dust bins of 55,000 for Activity 4. Land 4. Paint drums storage area to two colours purchase and 6. Storage and contamination were kept in prevent land will be distribution of Transportation due to falling of store on contamination distributed to 2nos. of of Construction construction concrete due to leakage. each family of different waste materials on land. flooring, under 3. Stationary water Biswashdih colour dust 7. Storage of HSD, 5. Land covered shed, to sprinklers shall village for bins for lubricants, contamination avoid land be installed at segregation of separate hydraulic oil due to contamination iron ore and coal dry and wet collection of etc. unscientific due to leakage / storage area to wastes. dry & wet 8. Generation of storage of oil & spillage prevent the dust domestic domestic waste paint 5. Construction become airborne wastes

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Sl. Environmental Activity Possible Impacts Environmental Measures to be Measures Budget, in No. Attributes Measures taken inside the proposed for addition to the taken during Plant (Proposed) nearby EMP & CER Construction Community Budget (Rs.) 6. Land machineries in dry seasons contamination were properly and contaminate due to spillage of maintained to the land. oil on land from avoid leakages construction 6. Steel trays were machineries used during 7. Land repairs to avoid contamination spillage of oil on due to spillage of land paints. 7. Moveable toilets 8. Land were used contamination during initial due to period of unscientific construction. disposal of Later on, toilets domestic waste with Septic tank and soak pit were constructed. 2. Air 1. Site Clearing 1. Dust emission 1. Water was 1. Dust 1. Greenbelt 1. 250 trees will 2. Excavation during site sprinkled on the suppression development be planted and 3. Transportation clearing and area before systems at raw along the maintained of excavated excavation excavation. material approach roads along the soil and 2. Dust and gaseous 2. Water sprinkling unloading area in collaboration approach road Construction emissions during on ‘kaccha’ road considered with local of plant.

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Sl. Environmental Activity Possible Impacts Environmental Measures to be Measures Budget, in No. Attributes Measures taken inside the proposed for addition to the taken during Plant (Proposed) nearby EMP & CER Construction Community Budget (Rs.) material transportation of during 2. Raw materials municipality / Budget of Rs 4. Storage of excavated soil transportation. unloading in Gram 1.25 lakhs has excavated soil and construction Gradually, black closed Panchayat and been kept for and materials by top roads underground Forest Dept. plantation of construction trucks. constructed hoppers. 2. Water 250 trees. material at Site 3. Gaseous inside the plant 3. Transportation sprinkling on 2. One number 5. Construction emissions from and approach of raw materials ‘kacca’ road of old truck / Activity operation of road to the through closed during dumper shall 6. Storage and excavators, Plants. conveyors. transportation be converted Transportation construction 3. Allowed entry of 4. Dust of materials. into Moveable of Construction machineries, only PUC suppression water sprinkler waste concrete mixers certified trucks systems at for water etc. and other Junction Houses. sprinkling on 4. Dust emission (Air machineries. 5. All internal transport road, bourn) from 4. Transportation roads shall be near to construction of excavated soil black topped villages. material storage and construction ‘Pucca Roads’ Budget of Rs. areas like materials was 6. Separate entry 2.0 lakhs have Cement, sand etc. done in trucks, and exit gates in been kept for covered with the plant to conversion of tarpaulin sheets avoid old truck into 5. Route to congestion water connect with 7. Stationary water sprinkler. highway chosen sprinklers shall from outside the be installed at

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Sl. Environmental Activity Possible Impacts Environmental Measures to be Measures Budget, in No. Attributes Measures taken inside the proposed for addition to the taken during Plant (Proposed) nearby EMP & CER Construction Community Budget (Rs.) villages. iron ore and coal 6. Purchased storage area to premix concrete prevent the dust during become construction airborne 8. 3 tier Plantation all along the plant boundary 3. Water 1. Water usage 1. Total of 2.25 KLD 1. No domestic 1. Zero Liquid 1. Rainwater 1. Budget of Rs. 2 for domestic (~50 workers) of waste water Discharge (ZLD) harvesting pits lakhs is use (drinking & water was used was discharged has been adjacent to proposed for others) for the domestic as Moveable proposed. All Hand Pumps construction of 2. Generation of purpose Toilets were waste water will be 5 rainwater waste water 2. Approx. 1.0 KLD used during shall be treated constructed at harvesting pits from domestic of the domestic construction. and reused in 5 locations in adjacent to use waste was 2. Construction the process, the villages to hand pumps 3. Water usage discharged materials like either for slag harvest the for construction 3. Approx. 10 KLD of cement were cooling or waste water work water was used in stored on plantation. from the area. 4. Storage of the construction concrete 2. Rain water total 1368.75 excavated soil activity flooring, under harvesting, to m3 water per and 4. Groundwater covered shed. harvest 27,300 year will be construction contamination 3. All construction cubic meter recharged, materials at site through leachate machineries water per considering 5. Leakage of oil from construction were taken on annum shall be 0.75 m3 per day

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Sl. Environmental Activity Possible Impacts Environmental Measures to be Measures Budget, in No. Attributes Measures taken inside the proposed for addition to the taken during Plant (Proposed) nearby EMP & CER Construction Community Budget (Rs.) from material storage hire and hence installed inside (average construction area during rain no maintenance the plant at a assumed) of machineries 5. Ground water was carried out cost of Rs. 15 water 6. Leakage of oil contamination at site. If case of lakhs recharged from (HSD, due to oil leakage emergency 3. Septic tank with each Hand lubricants, from construction repair, steel soak pit has pump. hydraulic oil machineries. trays were used been etc.) & paint 6. Ground water to avoid falling constructed for from storage contamination of oil on ground. domestic waste . area due to leakage 4. Oil and paints water discharge from storage area were stored on of Oils & Paints concrete floor with bund wall, under covered shed. 4. Noise 1. Site Clearing Noise from grass 1. Excavation and 1. Greenbelt along 1. Distribution of Distribution of 2. Soil Excavation cutters, Construction the plant Hearing Aids to Hearing aids to 3. Transportation Earthmovers, activity was boundary shall the Sr. Citizens the nearby locals of Construction construction carried out be provided, This with hearing @ 1000 x 100 Material machineries, during daytime will act as barrier problems, of person = Rs. 1 4. Construction Noise from only to avoid of plant noise to the nearby lakhs Activity: vehicular hindrance in village villages,  Operation of movements, sleep of villagers 2. Regular approx. - 100 Crusher pressure horns, and fauna, maintenance numbers  Operation of Noise from loading present in the check of vehicles

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Sl. Environmental Activity Possible Impacts Environmental Measures to be Measures Budget, in No. Attributes Measures taken inside the proposed for addition to the taken during Plant (Proposed) nearby EMP & CER Construction Community Budget (Rs.) Jack hammer and unloading of area entering the  Operation of Construction 2. Truck drivers plant site Compressor wastes and warned of using 3. Separate entry  Operation of Construction raw pressure horns and exit gate in construction materials and 3. Route to connect the plant to machineries others. with highway avoid  Fabrication at was chosen from congestion site outside the 4. DG Set and villages Compressors 4. Ear muff were shall be placed provided to inside rooms workers, working with acoustic in the high noise panelling. areas. 5. Regular check for air leakages 5. Ecology & 1. Site Clearing 1. Loss of flora and 1. No tree felling 1. Greenbelt shall 1. Promotion of  Small Grants Biodiversity 2. Soil Excavation fauna. was involved be developed fodder for fodder 3. Transportation 2. Reduce during inside the plant cultivation in cultivation to in trucks, photosynthesis construction. in 33% area of villages the nearby unloading and and decay of Only shrubs and the plant area. through Villagers =Rs Storage of plants due to bushes, present 2. Spray of water awareness 1.5 lakhs Construction deposition of at the site, were on trees along programmes in  Budget of Rs. Material at Site dust on the removed. haul road in the association 1.5 lakhs for 4. Construction leaves, due to soil 2. Regular water nearby area to with reputed organising Activity excavation, truck sprinkling on prevent dust agricultural awareness

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Sl. Environmental Activity Possible Impacts Environmental Measures to be Measures Budget, in No. Attributes Measures taken inside the proposed for addition to the taken during Plant (Proposed) nearby EMP & CER Construction Community Budget (Rs.) 5. Storage and movement, the plants deposition university. program Transportation construction present in the 2. Plantation of through any of Construction activities etc. area was done trees along the reputed Waste Material 3. Migration of to avoid approach road Agriculture fauna due to deposition of as mentioned University on disturbance in dust on leaves. above under fodder the area due to 3. No ‘Air’. cultivation. construction construction activities. activities or 4. Change in transportation breeding pattern of materials of fauna of the were carried area out in night. 4. Boundary wall constructed around the plant site to prevent entry of any animal in search of food. 5. It was ensured that no fauna is harmed during excavation and construction.

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Sl. Environmental Activity Possible Impacts Environmental Measures to be Measures Budget, in No. Attributes Measures taken inside the proposed for addition to the taken during Plant (Proposed) nearby EMP & CER Construction Community Budget (Rs.) Socio- 1. Site Clearing 1. Employment to 1. Speed Limit of 1. Construction 1. Water supply 1. Budget of Economic 2. Soil Excavation approx. 50 local 20 km/h was and operation of through Rs 1 lakhs has 3. Transportation persons for ensured for the the plant shall Tankers in been kept for in trucks, construction. trucks, carrying be carried with villages drinking water unloading and 2. Indirect Construction local people, to Biswasdih and supply Storage of employment to and waste the extent Tikodih during 2. Budget of Rs. Construction many for supply material to and possible, based summer and 1.0 lakhs for Material at Site and fro from site on their during Installation of 4. Construction transportation while passing qualifications marriages Water Coolers Activity of construction through villages and experience. 2. Installation of in Schools at 5. Storage and material 2. Route for the Water Cooler village Transportation 3. Discomfort to movement of in the Govt Biswadih & of Construction villagers due trucks was Schools at Fulchi Waste Material increased dust fixed, avoiding village 3. 2 Nos of toilet concentration, village Biswadih & along with 500 noise levels. 3. Local available Fulchi Litres water 4. Increased labours were 3. Construction storage tank Traffic, traffic employed of Toilets in will be Congestions, during the Govt. installed with chances of road construction Schools in investment of accident activity Villages of Rs 1.2 Lakhs 5. Stress on Puranagar & existing facilities Chunjaka. and infrastructure in

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Sl. Environmental Activity Possible Impacts Environmental Measures to be Measures Budget, in No. Attributes Measures taken inside the proposed for addition to the taken during Plant (Proposed) nearby EMP & CER Construction Community Budget (Rs.) the nearby villages due to influx of labour from other areas. Total Cost of the Proposed Remediation Plan 15.00 lakhs

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12.5 ECONOMIC BENEFIT DUE TO VIOLATION ACTIVITY There is no economic benefit due to the violation activity as the plant was never operated after construction after obtaining ‘Consent to Establish’. The plant was never granted Consent to Operate by JSPCB. 12.6 NATURAL AND COMMUNITY RESOURCE AUGMENTATION PLAN (NCRAP) The augmentation plan will be multi fold in nature and will be in conjunction with the damage assessment, as stated above. Activities for the augmentation plan can be classified in to the following major categories, as under: A. Natural Resource Augmentation Plan B. Community Augmentation Plan will consist of The detailed time line and budget for implementation of schemes under Natural & Community resource augmentation plan are provided in Table 12.2. Table 12.2: Natural and Community Resource Augmentation Plan With Allocated Budgetary

Sl. Budget Implementation Action Plan No. (Rs.) Time in Month A Natural Resource Augmentation Plan 1. Solar Street lights in villages 2,00,000 20

Sub Total (A) 2,00,000

B. Community Augmentation Plan B1 Infrastructure Development Work Culvert construction in the village at identified 1. 3,00,000 18 nallas and construction of roads for villagers Sub Total (B) 3,00,000 Total fund allocated towards natural and community 5,00,000 resource augmentation plan (Sub-total: A + B)

12.7 Conclusion Energy & Natural Resource Conservation Measures M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Ltd. aims to compensate for damages identified due to the plant construction by way of a Natural & Community resource augmentation plan along with an earmarked budget and defined timeframe for implementation of the same.

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It may be noted that since no production has been carried out even though till date, no economic benefit has occurred to the project proponent. Table 12.3: Summary of Remediation Plan, Natural Resource Augmentation Plan and Community Resource Augmentation Plan

S. No. Aspects Budget(lakhs) 1. Estimated Cost on remediation plan based on the 15.00 damage assessment due to violation 2. Natural Resource Augmentation Plan for years 2.0 3. Community resource augmentation plan 3.0 Total 20.00 The amount of remediation plan and natural and community resource augmentation plan is estimated to be Rs. 20.00 lakhs. Impact due to operation of the plant will be minimised as state of art pollution control facilities have been considered for the existing installed and proposed plant. ------

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ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT/EMP- FINAL REPORT M/s Lal Ferro Alloys Co. (P) Limited at Village: Biswasdih, P.O: Gadi Srirampur, District: Giridih,Jharkhand CHAPTER 13 Proposal: Environmental Clearance for Pig Iron plant (1x23m3) of capacity 12000 TPA and Coke Plant (24 DISCLOSURE OF ovens) of capacity 15000 TPA and for installation of Induction Furnace (1x6 Ton) with production capacity CONSULTANT of 18000 TPA MS Ingots

CHAPTER - 13 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT 13.1 INTRODUCTION

Vardan Environet is a pioneer consulting organisation of India specializing in Environmental Protection, Industrial Pollution Control, Environmental & Mechanical testing and engineering field. Vardan assists clients in comprehensive environmental and engineering services ranging from conceptual planning and preliminary investigation to detailed engineering designs. Local knowledge coupled with national and international experience of proven technical know-how and a strong commitment from our team of experts enables Vardan to assist in solving the clients environmental and engineering problems successfully with competence by first analysing then visualizing and finally utilizing technically strong and dedicated skill. Vardan has successfully completed a wide range of multi-disciplinary assignments/reports. The company’s project formulation requires preliminary and detailed project investigation. The objective of the investigation is to assess the technical viability and cost effectiveness of the proposals vis-à-vis the objective and benefit. Vardan was founded in 2012 and brought together a number of consultancy services with a track record of performance in the environmental Science and Engineering field. Headquartered in Gurugram, Vardan has prominent presence in Delhi-NCR, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal and Jharkhand. With a man-power of over 125 professionals, the organization comprises of senior retired government officers from various departments like Pollution Control Board, Mines & Geology, Civil Services, SAIL, GAIL, NEERI who have decades of experience in the field of environmental management. The team also Comprises of young, dynamic and progress driven Environment, Civil, Mechanical & Chemical engineers, Geologists, GIS experts, Ecologists and Auditors. Vardan Envirolab, a sister concern provides reliable and precise testing services for a wide range of Environmental, Chemical, Food testing, Microbiology and Building Materials with in-house Equipment/Instruments of advance technology along with experienced technical staff. 13.2. SERVICES OF VARDAN ENVIRONET  Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), Environmental Management Plan (EMP), Environmental Compliance, Mining Plan, Social Impact Assessment,  Testing of water, Waste water, Ambient & work zone air, stack emissions, noise, soil, limestone, dolomite, iron ore, coal, cement, bricks, concrete, blocks, steel bars & wires, Indoor Air Quality monitoring, Sludge.  Hydrological surveys for ground water clearance.

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 Approvals/NOC/Clearances from various Government Authorities.  Detailed Project report/Feasibility report/Plans/Designs.  Environmental Quality Monitoring and analysis.  Geotechnical investigations, Topographical Survey, Planning and Designs.  EHS, Energy and water Audit, risk/hazard studies and disaster management plan (both onsite and off-site) 13.3 RECOGNITIONS  Approved by NABET in 14 sectors for preparation of EIA/EMP reports.  Vardan EnviroLab is recognized by Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change, Govt. of India under Environmental Protection Act 1986.  Vardan EnviroLab is accredited by NABL in the field of Testing.  Vardan EnviroLab is certified by OHSAS 18001:2007.  Vardan EnviroLab is certified by ISO 14001:2015.  Vardan EnviroLab is certified by ISO 9001:2015.  Vardan EnviroLab is approved by HSPCB & RSPCB. 13.4 LIST OF SOFTWARE MODELS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES  Multisource Dispersion Model based on Gaussian Model (ISCST3, AERMOD)  Noise Propagation Model (Dhawani Pro)  Risk and Hazard studies through Aloha model  GIS mapping through Arc GIS, watershed & area drainage mapping, cadastral mapping, DGPS survey, 3D modelling, Urban/Rural area planning & management and Digital Elevation Model.  Transect and line intercepts for Ecology and Biodiversity studies  Extrapolative method & Intuitive technique (Delphi technique) in socio-economic assessment. 13.5. KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL OF VARDAN S.No. Name Designation Experience (years) 1. R.S. Yadav Managing Director 30 2. S.K. Sharma President 40 3. Aman Sharma Vice President 12 4. Roopika Sharma CEO 10 5. Anshul Yadav General Manager 6 6. Paras K. Naagori EIA Coordinator 41 7. K.M. Khare EIA Coordinator 41 8. M.K. Kapila EIA Coordinator 24 9. Nemi Chand Choudhary General Manager-Jaipur 10

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13.6. EMINENT CLIENTELE OF VARDAN Vardan has executed around 1000 projects across all over India in a short span of time covering both public and private sectors. Following are some of our reputed clients. Indian Oil, HPCL, NTPC, NTPC, NHPC, BPCL, Delhi Metro, GAIL, SAIL, NHAI, APCPL, RITES, MPPGCL, Indian Railways, JK Lakshmi Cement Ltd., L&T, Tata, Adani, Hero, Honda, HCL, Panasonic, Jaypee group, DLF, Godrej, Haldiram’s, Unitech, JBM, Trident hotels, Lanco, Mangalam cement, JW Marriot, Eros group and many others.

13.7 CERTIFICATIONS OF VARDAN GROUP

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Document No. 2018_VI_00035_DRAFT EIA Page | 276 M/s VARDAN ENVIRONET, Plot No. 82A, Sec-5, IMT Manesar, Gurugram, Haryana-122052