Ahlul Bait Indonesia (ABI): Studi Kasus Relasi Sosial Kaum Syiah Dan Sunni Di Jakarta M

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Ahlul Bait Indonesia (ABI): Studi Kasus Relasi Sosial Kaum Syiah Dan Sunni Di Jakarta M Editor: Ubaidillah DINAMIKA SYIAH DI INDONESIA Penulis: • Achmad Rosidi • M. Adlin Sila • Adang Nofandi • Muchtar • Agus Mulyono • Muchtar Siswoyo • Asnawati • Nuhrison M. Nuh • Haidlor Ali Ahmad • Raudatul Ulum • Ibnu Hasan Muchtar • Suhanah • Kustini • Wakhid Sugiyarto PUSLITBANG BIMAS AGAMA DAN LAYANAN KEAGAMAAN BADAN LITBANG DAN DIKLAT KEMENTERIAN AGAMA 2017 Dinamika Syiah di Indonesia i Perpustakaan Nasional: Katalog Dalam Terbitan (KDT) Dinamika Syiah di Indonesia Ed. 1, Cet. 1.— Jakarta: Puslitbang Bimas Agama dan Layanan Keagamaan 2017 xx + 490hlm; 14,8 x 21 cm. ISBN : 978-602-8739-86-3 Hak cipta pada Puslitbang Bimas Agama dan Layanan Keagamaan Cetakan pertama, Nopember 2017 Dinamika Syiah di Indonesia Editor: Ubaidillah Tim Penulis: Achmad Rosidi, Adang Nofandi, Agus Mulyono, Asnawati, Haidlor Ali Ahmad, Ibnu Hasan Muchtar, Kustini, M. Adlin Sila, Muchtar, Muchtar Siswoyo, Nuhrison M. Nuh, Raudatul Ulum, Suhanah, Wakhid Sugiyarto Hak penerbit pada Puslitbang Bimas Agama dan Layanan Keagamaan, Jakarta Desain cover: Surya Abdul Jabbar Setting/Layout: Sugeng Pujakesuma Penerbit: Puslitbang Bimas Agama dan Layanan Keagamaan Badan Litbang dan Diklat Kementerian Agama RI Jl. M. H. Thamrin No. 6 Jakarta 10340 Telp./Fax. (021) 3920425 - 3920421 http://www.puslitbang1.kemenag.co.id ii Dinamika Syiah di Indonesia Perpustakaan Nasional: Katalog Dalam Terbitan (KDT) KATA PENGANTAR H. Muharam Marzuki, PhD. Dinamika Syiah di Indonesia Ed. 1, Cet. 1.— (Kepala Puslitbang Bimas Agama dan Layanan Keagamaan) Jakarta: Puslitbang Bimas Agama dan Layanan Keagamaan 2017 xx + 490hlm; 14,8 x 21 cm. ISBN : 978-602-8739-86-3 Syukur kepada Allah swt, Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, akhirnya sebagian hasil penelitian dan pengembangan yang dilakukan oleh Puslitbang Bimas Agama dan Layanan Keagamaan pada tahun 2016 berhasil diterbitkan sesuai Hak cipta pada Puslitbang Bimas Agama dan Layanan Keagamaan dengan target dan rencana yang telah ditetapkan. Karena itu, Cetakan pertama, Nopember 2017 saya menyampaikan apresiasi yang tinggi kepada para editor, penulis, dan peneliti atas hadirnya ke-9 (sembilan) buku ini. Dinamika Syiah di Indonesia Sebab, penerbitan ini merupakan salah satu wujud kongkret Editor: Ubaidillah kita semua dalam menjalankan tugas dan fungsi kelembagaan Tim Penulis: Achmad Rosidi, Adang Nofandi, Agus Mulyono, Asnawati, Haidlor Ali Ahmad, Ibnu Hasan Muchtar, Kustini, M. Adlin Sila, Muchtar, bagi penyediaan data dan informasi untuk pengembangan Muchtar Siswoyo, Nuhrison M. Nuh, Raudatul Ulum, Suhanah, Wakhid kebijakan pelayanan keagamaan; penyediaan draft kebijakan Sugiyarto bagi penguatan peran Kementerian Agama dalam Hak penerbit pada Puslitbang Bimas Agama dan Layanan Keagamaan, memperkokoh kehidupan keagamaan yang toleran, inklusif, Jakarta dan multikultur; serta memperteguh posisi agama sebagai Desain cover: Surya Abdul Jabbar sumber dan landasan etik, spiritual, dan moral bagi Setting/Layout: Sugeng Pujakesuma kehidupan berbangsa, bernegara, dan bermasyarakat. Penerbitan ini merupakan salah satu tahap penting dari seluruh rangkaian penelitian dan pengembangan yang dilakukan oleh Puslitbang Bimas Agama dan Layanan Penerbit: Keagamaan Badan Litbang dan Diklat Kemenag RI dalam Puslitbang Bimas Agama dan Layanan Keagamaan rangka memperkuat lembaga penerbitan, memperluas Badan Litbang dan Diklat Kementerian Agama RI jangkauan sosialisasi hasil kelitbangan, dan memperkuat Jl. M. H. Thamrin No. 6 Jakarta 10340 Telp./Fax. (021) 3920425 - 3920421 wacana keagamaan kepada masyarakat yang didasarkan atas http://www.puslitbang1.kemenag.co.id Dinamika Syiah di Indonesia iii semangat kebersamaan, kerukunan, toleransi, kerjasama kelembagaan, keterbukaan, dan merayakan kebhinnekaan kita sebagai bangsa. Kesembilan buku yang terbit ini meliputi: 1. Pelaku Usaha & Regulasi Produk Halal 2. Dimensi Tradisional dan Spiritual Agama Hindu 3. Rohaniawan Asing & Dinamika Keagamaan di Indonesia 4. Dinamika Syiah di Indonesia 5. Pedoman Penanganan Radikalisme dan Ideologi Agama di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan 6. Distorsi Keberagamaan Masyarakat 2016 7. Indeks Kerukunan Umat Beragama 8. Umrah antara Bisnis dan Ibadah 9. Minoritas Agama dan Otoritas Negara Dalam pada itu, usaha Puslitbang Bimas Agama dan Layanan Keagamaan untuk mendekatkan diri kepada pembaca dengan mengemas tampilan buku dan mengubah judul teknis penelitian menjadi lebih to the point dan substantif, menurut saya, sangat tepat. Ke depan, seluruh hasil kajian kelitbangan kita bahkan perlu dikemas dalam berbagai bentuk, sesuai dengan sasaran audiens yang hendak dituju serta jenis media yang digunakan. Kegiatan penelitian “Penyelenggaraan Ibadan Umrah di Indonesia dan Arab Sudi, misalnya, terbit dengan judul yang lebih menggigit dan substantif, menjadi Umrah Antara Bisnis dan Ibadah. Sementara studi tentang “Kehidupan Keagamaan Kelompok Minoritas di Berbagai Negara” terbit dengan buku berjudul Minoritas Agama & Otoritas Negara: Iran, Thailand, Filipina, Malaysia, dan iv Dinamika Syiah di Indonesia India emikian pula halnya dengan hasil kelitbangan yang lain: “Perkembangan Gerakan Syiah di Indonesia” menjadi Dinamika Syi’ah di Indonesia ingkat Kesadaran Masyarakat dalam Penggunaan Produk alal menjadi Pelaku Usaha & Regulasi Produk Halal Peran ohaniaan Asing terhadap Perkembangan Kehidupan Keagamaan di Indonesia menjadi Rohaniawan Asing dan Dinamika Keagamaan dan seterusnya. Meski demikian, ada beberapa judul buku yang terbit apa adanya, sesuai dengan judul kegiatan, yakni Pedoman Penanganan Radikalisme dan Ideologi Agama di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan, dan Indeks Kerukunan Umat Beragama Tahun 2016. ari keseluruhan buku hasil kajian dan penelitian yang diterbitkan oleh Puslitbang Bimas Agama dan ayanan Keagamaan ini nampak adanya benang merah yang hendak dituju Pertama, sebagai bahan kebijakan bagi optimalisasi pelayanan keagamaan kepada masyarakat dan umat beragama kedua, sebagai informasi dan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat tentang fenomena keagamaan yang berkembang di indonesia seara periodik dan ketiga, sebagai bahan akademik bagi kajian lebih lanjut untuk kalangan akademisi, peneliti, dan perguruan tinggi Akhirnya, penerbitan buku hasil kajian dan penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi optimalisasi layanan keagamaan, peningkatan pemahaman sosial- keagamaan masyarakat, dan tumbuhnya segenap kajian lebih lanjut tentang pelbagai enomena keagamaan di Indonesia seara lebih komprehensif dan mendalam Muara dari itu Dinamika Syiah di Indonesia v sema adalah erbangnnya kehidpan keagamaan di Indonesia yang oleran, inklsi, rasional dan mliklral sesai dengan orak masyaraka dan paham keagamaan yang elah berkembang di anah ir selama berabad-abad Selama membaa Jakara Desember 17 H. Muharam Marzuki, PhD. vi Dinamika Syiah di Indonesia KATA SAMBUTAN Prof. Abd. Rahman Mas’ud, Ph.D (Kepala Badan Litbang dan Diklat Kementerian Agama RI) Puji syukur kami panjatkan kehadirat Allah Swt atas terbitnya buku hasil penelitian tentang perkembangan gerakan Syiah di Indonesia tahun 2016. Penelitian ini sangat penting artinya bagi Puslitbang Kehidupan Keagamaan untuk menggali informasi seputar dinamika Syiah di Indonesia yang cukup berdampak pada kehidupan sosial-keagamaan di Indonesia. Di dunia Islam, Syiah sesungguhnya merupakan sebuah mazhab yang sudah ada sejak zaman Rasulullah, meski di era tersebut Syiah belum disebut sebagai mazhab dan baru berbentuk kelompok pendukung Ali. Namun, dalam perkembangannya kelompok pendukung Ali ini berproses menjadi denominasi dalam Islam dan disebutlah mazhab Syiah yang dipandang sebagai mazhab sah di dunia Islam. Dengan demikian, tidak satupun negara Islam di dunia ini yang membuat larangan terhadap mazhab Syiah. Sahnya mazhab Syiah ini dapat dilihat dari hasil pertemuan tokoh Islam OKI pada 9 November 2006 (27 Ramadan 1425 H) yang melahirkan Deklarasi Amman yang dibacakan Raja Abdullah II bersama 200 ulama dari 50 negara. Dinamika Syiah di Indonesia vii Kemudian pada tahun 2011, penandatanganan dilakukan oleh 512 ulama dari 80 negara. Dalam Risalah Amman disebutkan 8 mazhab yang sah dalam Islam, yaitu: Mazhab Maliki, Hanafi, Syafi’i, Hambali, Dzahiri, Syiah Imamiyah/Ja’fariyah), Zaidiyah, dan Mazhab Ibadiyah. Selain pengakuan terhadap 8 mazhab tersebut, Risalah Amman juga melarang umat Islam melakukan takfir kepada penganut teologi Asyariyah, Maturidiyah, dan kaum tasawuf. Bahkan apabila menghakimi salah satu mazhab fiqh dan teologi di atas sebagai kafir, maka berarti pelaku takfir tersebut adalah kafir. Selanjutnya, dalam konteks Indonesia, perkembangan dan diaspora penganut mazhab Syiah ini tidak dapat dimungkiri telah mengkonstruksi dan menghiasi kehidupan sosial-keagaman di Indonesia. Sehingga, sangat sulit untuk mengatakan bahwa tradisi Islam di Indonesia tidak dipengaruhi oleh tradisi Syiah. Bahkan tradisi dan ritual tersebut diterima dengan baik oleh umat Islam Indonesia yang mayoritas Sunni seperti halnya tradisi perayaan Asyura di Indonesia. Tradisi semacam ini dipraktikan pula oleh warga nahdliyin yang nota bene pengikut mazhab Sunni. Selain itu, Sunni-Syiah sukses mengislamkan nusantara dan membangun masyarakat dengan nilai Islam yang rahmatan lil’alamin. Ini menunjukkan suksesnya koeksistensi Sunni-Syiah di Indonesia. viii Dinamika Syiah di Indonesia Beraaran realia ilah, Dr pernah mnyaaan baha NU aalah Syiah anpa imamah. Ungkaan s Dr ntu aa ia brlebihan bab Snni an Syiah ia brbeda cuali alam hal imamah Gu Dr ana memahami beiu iinya rbeaan U an Syiah iarnaan esamaan alam meyaini llah, al-Qran, nabi, ibla, hala, hai, dan runya Beraaran raian i aa, bku ini irbian
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