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یافته علمی کوتاه: کاریولوژی ماهی خیاطه (Alburnoides Bipunctatus

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یافته علمی کوتاه: کاریولوژی ماهی خیاطه (Alburnoides Bipunctatus Karyology study of Spirlin (Alburnoides bipunctatus) in Zabol region Item Type Journal Contribution Authors Khosravanizadeh, A.; Pourkazemi, M.; Nowrozfashkhami, M.R. Download date 26/09/2021 15:08:48 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/10673 ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺷﻴﻼت اﻳﺮان ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻛﻮﺗﺎه ﺳﺎل ﺑﻴﺴﺖ و دوم/ ﺷﻤﺎره /2 ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎن 1392 ﻛﺎرﻳﻮﻟﻮژي ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﻪ ( Alburnoides bipunctatus ) ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ زاﺑﻞ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺧﺴﺮواﻧﻲ زاده (1(((111 )*)*)* ؛؛؛ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﭘﻮرﻛﺎﻇﻤﻲ(2((( )222))) ؛؛؛ ﻣﺤﻤﺪرﺿﺎ ﻧﻮروزﻓﺸﺨﺎﻣﻲ(3((( )333))) [email protected] 1 - ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه ﺗﺎﻻب ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﻫﺎﻣﻮن داﻧﺸﮕﺎه زاﺑﻞ ، زاﺑﻞ ﺻﻨﺪوق ﭘﺴﺘﻲ 538 - 98615 2 و 3 – اﻧﺴﺘﻴﺘﻮ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﺧﺎوﻳﺎري دﻛﺘﺮ دادﻣﺎن، رﺷﺖ ﺻﻨﺪوق ﭘﺴﺘﻲ 3464 - 41635 ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ درﻳﺎﻓﺖ : ﺷﻬﺮﻳﻮر 1389 ﺗﺎرﻳﺦ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش : ﺑﻬﻤﻦ 1389 ﻛﻠﻤﺎت ﻛﻠﻴﺪي: ﻛﺎرﻳﻮﺗﺎﻳﭗ، ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﻪ، Alburnoides bipunctatus. زاﺑﻞ ﭼﻜﻴﺪه ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﻪ ﺑـﺎ ﻧـﺎم ﻋﻠﻤـﻲ Alburnoides bipunctatus ﺧﺴﺮو ﺷﺎﻫﻲ، 1374 ) آﻏﺎز ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ . اﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌـﺎت ﺑﻌـﺪﻫﺎ در ﻣـﻮرد (Bloch, 1782) ﺑﻪ رده ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن اﺳـﺘﺨﻮاﻧﻲ Teleostei، راﺳـﺘﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺳـﻴﻢ Abramis brama (ﻧﻬﺎوﻧـﺪي و ﻫﻤﻜـﺎران، 1380)، ﻛﭙــﻮر ﻣــﺎﻫﻲ ﺷــﻜﻼن Cypriniformes، رده ﺷــﻌﺎع ﺑﺎﻟﮕــﺎن ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﭙﻮر ﻧﻘﺮه اي Hypophthalmichthys molitrix ( وارﺳﺘﻪ Actinopterygii، ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﻛﭙﻮر ﻣﺎﻫﻴـﺎن Cyprinidae و ﺟـﻨﺲ و ﻫﻤﻜــﺎران، 1381) ، ﻛﭙــﻮر ﻋﻠﻔﺨــﻮار Ctenopharyngodon Alburnus ﺗﻌﻠﻖ دارد . ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻓﺮاواﻧﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺗﻌـﺪاد idella (ﻧﻮروزﻓﺸـــﺨﺎﻣﻲ و ﻫﻤﻜـــﺎران، 1381)، ﻣـــﺎﻫﻲ اﻧﺠـــﻚ در رودﺧﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺣﻮﺿﻪ ﺟﻨﻮب درﻳﺎي ﺧﺰر و ﺣﻮﺿـﻪ ﻛ ـﻮﻳﺮ ﻧﻤـﻚ Schizothorax zarudnyi (ﺣﺴﻴﻨﻲ و ﻛﻠﺒﺎﺳـﻲ، 1381)، ﺳـﺲ ( رودﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻛﺮج، ﺟﺎﺟﺮود، ﺣﺒﻠﻪ رود، ﻗﺮه ﭼﺎي ) ﻣ ﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﺰرگ Barbus capito، ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺑـﺎرﺑﻮس Barbus mursa، اﻧﺴﺎن ﺑﻪ درﻳﺎﭼﻪ ﻫﺎﻣﻮن ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ (ﻋﺒـﺪﻟﻲ، 1378 ؛ ﺳﻴﺎه ﻣﺎﻫ ﻲ Copoeta copoeta gracilis (ﭘﻮرﻋﻠﻲ دارﺳـﺘﺎﻧﻲ و ﻧﺎدري ﺟﻠﻮدار و ﻋﺒﺪﻟﻲ، 1383 ). ﻫﻤﻜﺎران، 1384)، ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﮔـﻞ ﭼـﺮا غ Garra rufa (اﺳـﻤﺎﻋﻴﻠﻲ و در ﻣﻴــﺎن ﻣﻬــﺮه داران، ﻣﺎﻫﻴــﺎن ﺑﻴﺸــﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧــﻪ را ﺑــﻪ ﺧــﻮد ﭘﻴﺮاور، 1386)، ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺳﻨﮓ ﻟﻴﺲ Esmaeili ) Garra persica اﺧﺘﺼﺎص ﻣﻲ دﻫﻨـ ﺪ . اﻳـﻦ در ﺣـﺎﻟ ﻲ اﺳـ ﺖ ﻛـﻪ از ﺑـﻴ ﻦ ﺑـﻴﺶ ا ز et al., 2009)، ﻣــﺎﻫﻲ ﺳــﺮ ﻣﺨﺮوﻃــﻲ ﭘﺎرﺳــﻲ ﺟﻨــﻮب اﻳــﺮان 23000 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﺷﺪه ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻛﺎرﻳﻮﺗﺎﻳﭗ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد ﺑﺮاي Esmaeili & Piravar, 2006 ) Petroleuciscus pradis)، ﺣﺪود /4 10 درﺻﺪ ( 2400 ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ) ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ . اﻳـﻦ در ﺣـﺎﻟﻲ ﻣــﺎﻫﻲ ﺳــﻴﺎه ﻛــﻮﻟ ﻲ Vimba vimba persa ( ﭘﻮرﻛــﺎﻇﻤﻲ و اﺳــﺖ ﻛــﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌــﺎت ﻛﺮوﻣــﻮزوﻣﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻴــﺎن در ﺑﺮرﺳــ ﻲ ﻫــﺎي ﻫﻤﻜــﺎران، 1389)، ﻣــﺎﻫﻲ ﻧــﺎزك Downloaded from isfj.ir at 9:09 +0330 on Thursday November 30th 2017 [ DOI: 10.22092/ISFJ.2017.110126 ] Chondrostoma regium ﺗﺎﻛﺴ ﻮﻧﻮﻣﻴﻚ، اﺻﻼح ﻧﮋاد و ﻓﻨﺎوري زﻳﺴـﺘﻲ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮ دﻫـﺎي ﻓﺮاواﻧـﻲ ( Esmaeili et al., 2010)، ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺳﻴﻢ ﻧﻤـﺎ Blicca bjoerkna داﺷﺘﻪ و از ﺳﻮي دﻳﮕﺮ اﻧﺠـﺎم ﻫـﺮ ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ دﺳـﺘﻜﺎري ﻛﺮوﻣـﻮزوﻣﻲ Pourkazemi et al., 2010 ) transcaucasica)، ﻣﺮوارﻳــﺪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ا ﻟﻘﺎ ﻣﺎده زاﻳﻲ، ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﺗﺮﻳﭙﻠﻮﺋﻴﺪي و ﻏﻴﺮه در ﻣﺎﻫﻴـﺎن ﻣــﺎﻫﻲ Khosravanizadeh et al., ) Alburnus alburnus ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰم داﻧﺴﺘﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد و ﻧﻮع ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم ﻫـﺎي واﻟـﺪﻳﻦ ﻣـﻲ ﺑﺎﺷـﺪ 2011)، ﻣﺮوارﻳﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛـﻮرا Nazari et ) Alburnus filippii ( ﺣﺴﻴﻨﻲ و ﻛﻠﺒﺎﺳﻲ ، 1381 ؛ Gold et al., 1990 ؛ ,al. , 2011 Al-Sabti ) اداﻣﻪ ﭘﻴﺪا ﻛﺮد . وﻟﻲ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮن ﻫﻴﭻ ﮔﺰارﺷـﻲ در ﻣـﻮرد 1991؛ Khosravanizadeh et al ., 2011 ). ﺗﻌﺪاد و ﻧﻮع ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻃـﻪ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘـﻪ زاﺑـﻞ اﻳـﺮان در اﻳﺮان ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺳﻴﺘﻮژﻧﺘﻴﻜﻲ ﻛﭙﻮر ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑـﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻧﺸﺪه اﺳﺖ . ﻟﺬا ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿـﺮ ﺑـﺎ ﻫـﺪف ﺗﻬﻴـﻪ ﮔﺴـﺘﺮ ش روي ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺳﻔﻴﺪ Rutilus frisii kutum ( ﻧﻮروزﻓﺸﺨﺎﻣﻲ و ﻛ ﺮوﻣﻮزوﻣﻲ، ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد و ﻧﻮع ﻛﺮوﻣـﻮزو مﻫـﺎ و ﻛﺎرﻳﻮﺗﺎﻳـﭗ اﻳـﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ و ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪه در ﺳـﺎﻳﺮ ﻧﻘـﺎط * ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪه ﻣﺴﺌﻮل 137 ﺧﺴﺮواﻧﻲ زاده و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ﻛﺎرﻳﻮﻟﻮژي ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﻪ ( Alburnoides bipunctatus ) ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ زاﺑﻞ ﺟﻬﺎن ﺻﻮرت ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ . ﻣﻴﻜﺮوﺳﻜﻮپ ﻧﻮري ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ و ﺗﻌـﺪاد ﻛﺮوﻣـﻮزوم در ﻫـﺮ ﮔﺴ ـ ﺘﺮش ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر اﻧﺠﺎم اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻌﺪاد 10 ﻋﺪد 5( ﻋـﺪد ﻧـﺮ و ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪ ، و ﺑﺎ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎت آﻣﺎري ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم ﻫـﺎ ﺗﻌﻴـﻴﻦ 5 ﻋﺪد ﻣﺎده ) ﺑﭽﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ اﻧﮕﺸﺖ ﻗﺪ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ (± اﻧﺤﺮاف ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ . ﭘﺲ از اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي ﻃﻮل ﺑﺎزوﻫـﺎي ﻛﻮﭼـﻚ و ﺑـﺰرگ ﻫـﺮ ﻣﻌﻴﺎر ) وزﻧﻲ 0/6( ±2/4) از آب ﻫـﺎي اﻃـﺮا ف زاﺑـ ﻞ ﺑـ ﺎ ﻣﺨﺘﺼـﺎت ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم و ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻃﻮل ﻛﻞ، ﻃﻮل ﻧﺴﺒﻲ و ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮوﻣﺮي ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﻴﺎﻳﻲ´32 °61 ﻃﻮﻟﻲ و °31 ﻋﺮﺿﻲ، ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﺗـﻮ ر ﺻـﻴﺪ و ﺑﺮاي ﻫﺮ ﻛﺮوﻣـﻮزوم از رواﺑـ ﻂ ﺗﻮﺻـﻴ ﻒ ﺷـﺪ ه ﺗﻮﺳـ ﻂ Levan و ﺑﻪ آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎه ﺷﻴﻼت داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه زاﺑﻞ ﻣﻨﺘﻘـﻞ ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ( 1964 ) ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻧﻮع ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم ﻫﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﻳـ ﺪ . ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ . از ﺗﻜﻨﻴﻚ ﻟﻪ ﻛﺮدن ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﺑﻪ روش ﺗﺰرﻳﻖ ﻛﻠﺸﻲ ﺳـﻴﻦ ﺑـﻪ و در ﻧﻬﺎﻳــﺖ ﻛﺎرﻳﻮﺗﺎﻳــﭗ ﻣــﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻃــﻪ د ر ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣــﻪ Adobe ﺑﭽـﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻴـﺎ ن ( Reddy & John, 1986 ) ﺑـﺮا ي ﺗﻬﻴـ ﻪ ﮔﺴـﺘﺮ ش (Photoshop cs (Middle Eastern Version ﺗﻬﻴـﻪ و رﺳـﻢ ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوﻣﻲ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. اﻳﺪﻳﻮﮔﺮام ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ در ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣـﻪ Microsoft Office Excel 2003 ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻫﺮ ﺑﭽﻪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﭘﺲ از ﺗﻮزﻳﻦ ﺑﻪ ازاي ﻫﺮ 100 ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺖ . ﮔﺮم وزن ﺑﺪن ﺑﺎ 0/5 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻟﻴﺘﺮ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل 01/0 درﺻﺪ ﻛﻠﺸﻲ ﺳـﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻤﺎرش 34 ﻋﺪد ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوﻣﻲ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺗﺰرﻳﻖ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻌﺪ از ﮔﺬﺷﺖ 200 دﻗﻴﻘﻪ ﺑﺎﻓﺖﻫـﺎي ﻛﻠﻴـﻪ و آﺑﺸـﺶ ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزو م ﻫﺎي ﻣ ﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﻪ ( Alburnoides bipunctatus ) ) ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﺎرج و ﺣﺪود 30 دﻗﻴﻘـﻪ در ﻣﻌـﺮض ﻣﺤﻠـﻮل ﻫﻴﭙﻮﺗﻮﻧﻴـﻚ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺠﻲ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺷﺮح ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ . ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم ﻫﺎ در 3 درﺻﺪ از ﻛﻠﺮﻳﺪ ﭘﺘﺎﺳﻴﻢ ( KCl ) 75/0 ﻣﻮﻻر ﻟﻪ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪﻧﺪ . ﺑﺎﻓﺖ ﻫﺎي ﻟﻪ ﺷﺪه ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﻫﺎي ﺷﻤﺎرش ﺷﺪه (n=47 )2 ، در 8 درﺻﺪ (n=48 )2 ، در در 3 ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ (40، 30، 15 دﻗﻴﻘﻪاي) ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﻣﺤﻠﻮل ﻛﺎرﻧﻮي (3:1 ) 18 درﺻﺪ (n=49 )2 ، در 62 درﺻﺪ (n=50 )2 ، در 6 درﺻﺪ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ . ﺳﭙﺲ ﺑﺎ ﭘﺮﺗـﺎب ﻗﻄﺮاﺗـﻲ از ﺳﻮﺳﭙﺎﻧﺴـﻴﻮن ﺑﺪﺳـﺖ (2n=51 ) و در 3 درﺻﺪ (2n=52 ) ﺑﻮد ﻛﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ در آﻣﺪه ﺑﺮ روي ﻻﻣ ﻬﺎي ﮔﺮم اﻗﺪام ﺑﻪ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﻫﺎي ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوﻣﻲ دﺳﺘﻪ (2n=50 ) ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ ( ﺟﺪول 1 و ﻧﻤﻮدار )1 . ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ از ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﮔﻴﻤﺴﺎ 20 درﺻـﺪ ﺑـﺎ pH = 8/6 ﺑـﻪ ﻣـﺪت 20 ﻧﻈﺮ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم ﺗﻔﺎوﺗﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺟﻨﺲ ﻧﺮ و ﻣﺎده ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ. دﻗﻴﻘــﻪ رﻧــﮓ آﻣﻴــﺰي ﺷــﺪﻧﺪ، ﻻم ﻫــﺎي رﻧــﮓ آﻣﻴــﺰي ﺷــﺪه ﺑــﺎ ﺟﺪول :1 ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ و ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم ﻫﺎي ﺷﻤﺎرش ﺷﺪه در ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﻪ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻣﺘﺎﻓﺎزﻫﺎي ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم ﻫﺎي ﺷﻤﺎرش ﺷﺪه در ﻫﺮ ﻣﺘﺎﻓﺎز ﺷﻤ ﺎرش ﺷﺪه 2n = 52 2n = 51 2n = 50 2n = 49 2n = 48 2n = 47 1 2 21 6 3 1 34 25 20 Downloaded from isfj.ir at 9:09 +0330 on Thursday November 30th 2017 [ DOI: 10.22092/ISFJ.2017.110126 ] 15 10 5 داد ده زھي رش ده 0 47 48 49 50 51 52 داد روزوم ھ ﻧﻤﻮدار 1 : ﭘﺮاﻛﻨﺶ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم ﻫﺎي ﺷﻤﺎرش ﺷﺪه در 34 ﻣﺘﺎﻓﺎز از ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﻪ 138 ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺷﻴﻼت اﻳﺮان ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻛﻮﺗﺎه ﺳﺎل ﺑﻴﺴﺖ و دوم/ ﺷﻤﺎره /2 ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎن 1392 ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اﻧﺪازه ﮔﻴﺮي ﻃﻮل ﺑﺎزوﻫﺎي ﻛﻮﭼﻚ و ﺑﺰرگ ﺳﺎب ﺗﻠﻮﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ آﻛﺮوﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮﻳﻚ و ﻓﺎﻗﺪ ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوﻣ ﻬﺎي ﺗﻠﻮ ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم ﻫﺎ ( ﺟﺪول 2 ) ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻃ ﻪ داراي 9 ﺟﻔﺖ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮﻳﻚ (( 9M + 14Sm + 2 ( St/A ) ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺑﺎزو ﻫﺎي ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم ﻣﺘﺎﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮﻳﻚ، 14 ﺟﻔﺖ ﺳﺎب ﻣﺘﺎﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮﻳﻚ، و 2 ﺟﻔﺖ ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوﻣﻲ آن ﻧﻴﺰ NF =96 ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ( ﺷﻜﻞ 2 .)3و .)3و 2 ﺟﺪول :2 ﻃﻮل ﺑﺎزوﻫﺎي ﺑﺰرگ و ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ، ﻃﻮل ﻛﻞ ، ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮوﻣﺮي، ﻃﻮل ﻧﺴﺒﻲ و ﻧﻮع ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم ﻫﺎي ﻫﻤﻮﻟﻮگ در ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﻪ (M = ﻣﺘﺎﺳﺎﻧﺮﻳﻚ، Sm = ﺳﺎب ﻣﺘﺎﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮﻳﻚ، St/A = ﺳﺎب ﺗﻠﻮﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮﻳﻚ ﻳﺎ آﻛﺮوﺳﺎﻧﺘﺮﻳﻚ ) ) ﺷﻜﻞ 1 - ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوﻣﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﻪ ( n=50 ()2 ﺑﺰرﮔﻨﻤﺎﻳﻲ × 10000 ) ) M M Sm Downloaded from isfj.ir at 9:09 +0330 on Thursday November 30th 2017 [ DOI: 10.22092/ISFJ.2017.110126 ] Sm Sm A/St 139 ﺧﺴﺮواﻧﻲ زاده و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران ﻛﺎرﻳﻮﻟﻮژي ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﻪ ( Alburnoides bipunctatus ) ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ زاﺑﻞ ﺷﻜﻞ 1 - ﮔﺴﺘﺮش ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوﻣﻲ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﻪ ( =2n 50 )( ﺑﺰرﮔﻨﻤﺎﻳﻲ × 10000 ) ) M M Sm Sm Sm A/St ﺷﻜﻞ 2 : ﻛﺎرﻳﻮﺗﺎﻳﭗ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﻪ ( =n 50 )2 )2 Downloaded from isfj.ir at 9:09 +0330 on Thursday November 30th 2017 [ DOI: 10.22092/ISFJ.2017.110126 ] ﻧﻤﻮدار 3 : اﻳﺪﻳﻮﮔﺮام ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺧﻴﺎﻃﻪ ( =n 50 )2 )2 140 ﻣﺠﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﺷﻴﻼت اﻳﺮان ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻛﻮﺗﺎه ﺳﺎل ﺑﻴﺴﺖ و دوم/ ﺷﻤﺎره /2 ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎن 1392 ﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺪه ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن =n 50 2 و ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ، 1374 ) ، ﺳﻴﻢ Abramis brama ( ﻧﻬﺎوﻧﺪي و ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، در اﻛﺜﺮ ﻛﭙﻮر ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ( ﺣﺪود 70 درﺻﺪ ) ﻛﻪ ﺗﺎﻛﻨﻮن ﻫﻤﻜﺎران، 1380) ، ﺳﺮ ﻣﺨﺮوﻃﻲ ﭘﺎرﺳﻲ ﺟﻨﻮب اﻳﺮان ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪه اﻧﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻋﺪد ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوﻣﻲ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﮔﺮدﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ Esmaeli & Piravar, 2006 ) Petroleuciscus persidis ،) ،) ( Kirpichnikov, 1981 ; Khuda-Bukhsh et al. , 1986; ﮔﻞ ﭼﺮاغ Garra rufa ( اﺳﻤﺎﻋﻴﻠﻲ و ﭘﻴﺮاور، 1386) ، ﺷﺎه ﻛﻮﻟﻲ Al-sabti, 1991 ). ﺑﺎ وﺟﻮد اﻳﻦ، ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن در ﺧﺼﻮص Chalcalburnus chalcoides ( ﺑﺎﻗﺮ زاده و ﻛﺎزروﻧﻲ ﻣﻨﻔﺮد، ﺧﺎﻧﻮاد ه ﻛﭙﻮر ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ( Cyprinidae ) ﺣﺎﻛﻲ از وﺟﻮد اﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎي 1386 ) ﺳﻴﺎه ﻛﻮﻟﻲ Vimba vimba persa ( ﭘﻮرﻛﺎﻇﻤﻲ و ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوﻣﻲ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوﺗﻲ در ﻣﻴﺎن ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ اﻳﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده ﻣﻲ ﻫﻤﻜﺎران، 1389) ، ﺳﻴﻢ ﻧﻤﺎ Blicca bjoerkna ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻣﺜﺎل ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ از ﺑﺎرﺑﻮس ﻫﺎي ﺑﺰرگ آﻓﺮﻳﻘﺎ Pourkazemi et al. , 2010 ) transcaucasica) ، ﻣﺮوارﻳﺪ ( Barbus ethiopcius , B. intermedius , B. bynni) ﻋﺪد ﻣﺎﻫﻲ Khosravanizadeh et al., ) Alburnus alburnus ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوﻣﻲ 2n=148 ﻳﺎ 2n=150 را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﻨﺪ 2011 و) ﻣﺮوارﻳﺪ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻛﻮرا Nazari et ) Alburnus filippii ( Oellerman & Skelton, 1990 ). ﻛﭙﻮر ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ n 50= ( al. , 2011 Cyprinus 2 ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم، ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻧﺎزك Chondrostoma carpio داراي n=100 2 ﻳﺎ =n 98 2 ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم و ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ n 52= ( Esmaeili et al., 2010 ) regium 2 ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم ، ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ Schizothorax richardsonii و Schizothorax اﻧﺠﻚ Kalbassi et al., 2008 ) Schizothorax zarudnyi ) kumaonesis داراي =n 98 2 ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ( , .n 98= Lakara et al 2 ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم، ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﺑﺎرﺑﻮس Barbus mursa و ﺳﺲ 1997 ). ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ Chalcalburnus ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﺰرگ Barbus capito ( ﭘﻮرﻋﻠﻲ دارﺳﺘﺎﻧﻲ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران، Kilic-Demürok & Unlu, 2001 ) mossulensis و) ﻛﭙﻮر n=100 ( 1384 2 ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم و ﺳﻴﺎه ﻣﺎﻫﻲ Copoeta copoeta ﻋﻠﻔﺨﻮار n 48= Ctenopharyngodon idella 2 ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوم دارﻧﺪ gracilis ( ﭘﻮرﻋﻠﻲ دارﺳﺘﺎﻧﻲ و ﻫﻤﻜﺎران، n=150 (1384 2 2 ( Reddy, 1991 ). ﻛ ﺮوﻣﻮزوم دارد ﺑ. ﺮﻏﻢ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﻫﺎي ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﻧﺸﺪه ﺑﺴﻴﺎر ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﺳﻴﺘﻮژﻧﺘ ﻴﻜﻲ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ در اﻳﺮان ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﻛﻪ در اﻳﺮان ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ اﻳﻦ ﮔﺴﺘﺮه ﺗﻨﻮ ع ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوﻣﻲ در ﻣﻴﺎن ﻛﭙﻮر ﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎن ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ، آن ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻫﺎي ﻛﭙﻮرﻣﺎﻫﻴﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﺳﻴﺘﻮژﻧﺘﻴﻜﻲ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺮار ﭼﻨﺎن ﻛﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﻨﺘﺸﺮ ﺷﺪه از ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎت ﻧﺸﺎن داده ﻛﭙﻮر ﺳﺮﮔﻨﺪه ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ ﻋﺪد ﻛﺮوﻣﻮزوﻣﻲ =n 50 2 را ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﻨﺪ .
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