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Klondike Solitaire Solvability
Klondike Solitaire Solvability Mikko Voima BACHELOR’S THESIS April 2021 Degree Programme in Business Information Systems Option of Game Development ABSTRACT Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulu Tampere University of Applied Sciences Degree Programme in Business Information Systems Option of Game Development VOIMA, MIKKO: Klondike Solitaire Solvability Bachelor's thesis 32 pages, of which appendices 1 page June 2021 Klondike solitaire remains one of the most popular single-player card games, but the exact odds of winning were discovered as late as 2019. The objective of this thesis was to study Klondike solitaire solvability from the game design point of view. The purpose of this thesis was to develop a solitaire prototype and use it as a testbed to study the solvability of Klondike. The theoretical section explores the card game literature and the academic studies on the solvability of Klondike solitaire. Furthermore, Klondike solitaire rule variations and the game mechanics are analysed. In the practical section a Klondike game prototype was developed using Unity game engine. A new fast recursive method was developed which can detect 2.24% of random card configurations as unsolvable without simulating any moves. The study indicates that determining the solvability of Klondike is a computationally complex NP-complete problem. Earlier studies proved empirically that approximately 82% of the card configurations are solvable. The method developed in this thesis could detect over 12% of the unsolvable card configurations without making any moves. The method can be used to narrow the search space of brute-force searches and applied to other problems. Analytical research on Klondike solvability is called for because the optimal strategy is still not known. -
Racing Flow-TM FLOW + BIAS REPORT: 2009
Racing Flow-TM FLOW + BIAS REPORT: 2009 CIRCUIT=1-NYRA date=12/31/09 track=Dot race surface dist winner BL12 BIAS RACEFLOW 1 DIRT 5.50 Hollywood Hills 0.0 -19 13 2 DIRT 6.00 Successful friend 5.0 -19 -19 3 DIRT 6.00 Brilliant Son 5.2 -19 47 4 DIRT 6.00 Raynick's Jet 10.6 -19 -61 5 DIRT 6.00 Yes It's the Truth 2.7 -19 65 6 DIRT 8.00 Keep Thinking 0.0 -19 -112 7 DIRT 8.32 Storm's Majesty 4.0 -19 6 8 DIRT 13.00 Tiger's Rock 9.4 -19 6 9 DIRT 8.50 Mel's Gold 2.5 -19 69 CIRCUIT=1-NYRA date=12/30/09 track=Dot race surface dist winner BL12 BIAS RACEFLOW 1 DIRT 8.00 Spring Elusion 4.4 71 -68 2 DIRT 8.32 Sharp Instinct 0.0 71 -74 3 DIRT 6.00 O'Sotopretty 4.0 71 -61 4 DIRT 6.00 Indy's Forum 4.7 71 -46 5 DIRT 6.00 Ten Carrot Nikki 0.0 71 -18 6 DIRT 8.00 Sawtooth Moutain 12.1 71 9 7 DIRT 6.00 Cleric 0.6 71 -73 8 DIRT 6.00 Mt. Glittermore 4.0 71 -119 9 DIRT 6.00 Of All Times 0.0 71 0 CIRCUIT=1-NYRA date=12/27/09 track=Dot race surface dist winner BL12 BIAS RACEFLOW 1 DIRT 8.50 Quip 4.5 -38 49 2 DIRT 6.00 E Z Passer 4.2 -38 255 3 DIRT 8.32 Dancing Daisy 7.9 -38 14 4 DIRT 6.00 Risky Rachel 0.0 -38 8 5 DIRT 6.00 Kaffiend 0.0 -38 150 6 DIRT 6.00 Capridge 6.2 -38 187 7 DIRT 8.50 Stargleam 14.5 -38 76 8 DIRT 8.50 Wishful Tomcat 0.0 -38 -203 9 DIRT 8.50 Midwatch 0.0 -38 -59 CIRCUIT=1-NYRA date=12/26/09 track=Dot race surface dist winner BL12 BIAS RACEFLOW 1 DIRT 6.00 Papaleo 7.0 108 129 2 DIRT 6.00 Overcommunication 1.0 108 -72 3 DIRT 6.00 Digger 0.0 108 -211 4 DIRT 6.00 Bryan Kicks 0.0 108 136 5 DIRT 6.00 We Get It 16.8 108 129 6 DIRT 6.00 Yawanna Trust 4.5 108 -21 7 DIRT 6.00 Smarty Karakorum 6.5 108 83 8 DIRT 8.32 Almighty Silver 18.7 108 133 9 DIRT 8.32 Offlee Cool 0.0 108 -60 CIRCUIT=1-NYRA date=12/13/09 track=Dot race surface dist winner BL12 BIAS RACEFLOW 1 DIRT 8.32 Crafty Bear 3.0 -158 -139 2 DIRT 6.00 Cheers Darling 0.5 -158 61 3 DIRT 6.00 Iberian Gate 3.0 -158 154 4 DIRT 6.00 Pewter 0.5 -158 8 5 DIRT 6.00 Wolfson 6.2 -158 86 6 DIRT 6.00 Mr. -
\0-9\0 and X ... \0-9\0 Grad Nord ... \0-9\0013 ... \0-9\007 Car Chase ... \0-9\1 X 1 Kampf ... \0-9\1, 2, 3
... \0-9\0 and X ... \0-9\0 Grad Nord ... \0-9\0013 ... \0-9\007 Car Chase ... \0-9\1 x 1 Kampf ... \0-9\1, 2, 3 ... \0-9\1,000,000 ... \0-9\10 Pin ... \0-9\10... Knockout! ... \0-9\100 Meter Dash ... \0-9\100 Mile Race ... \0-9\100,000 Pyramid, The ... \0-9\1000 Miglia Volume I - 1927-1933 ... \0-9\1000 Miler ... \0-9\1000 Miler v2.0 ... \0-9\1000 Miles ... \0-9\10000 Meters ... \0-9\10-Pin Bowling ... \0-9\10th Frame_001 ... \0-9\10th Frame_002 ... \0-9\1-3-5-7 ... \0-9\14-15 Puzzle, The ... \0-9\15 Pietnastka ... \0-9\15 Solitaire ... \0-9\15-Puzzle, The ... \0-9\17 und 04 ... \0-9\17 und 4 ... \0-9\17+4_001 ... \0-9\17+4_002 ... \0-9\17+4_003 ... \0-9\17+4_004 ... \0-9\1789 ... \0-9\18 Uhren ... \0-9\180 ... \0-9\19 Part One - Boot Camp ... \0-9\1942_001 ... \0-9\1942_002 ... \0-9\1942_003 ... \0-9\1943 - One Year After ... \0-9\1943 - The Battle of Midway ... \0-9\1944 ... \0-9\1948 ... \0-9\1985 ... \0-9\1985 - The Day After ... \0-9\1991 World Cup Knockout, The ... \0-9\1994 - Ten Years After ... \0-9\1st Division Manager ... \0-9\2 Worms War ... \0-9\20 Tons ... \0-9\20.000 Meilen unter dem Meer ... \0-9\2001 ... \0-9\2010 ... \0-9\21 ... \0-9\2112 - The Battle for Planet Earth ... \0-9\221B Baker Street ... \0-9\23 Matches .. -
Solitaire: Man Versus Machine
Solitaire: Man Versus Machine Xiang Yan∗ Persi Diaconis∗ Paat Rusmevichientong† Benjamin Van Roy∗ ∗Stanford University {xyan,persi.diaconis,bvr}@stanford.edu †Cornell University [email protected] Abstract In this paper, we use the rollout method for policy improvement to an- alyze a version of Klondike solitaire. This version, sometimes called thoughtful solitaire, has all cards revealed to the player, but then follows the usual Klondike rules. A strategy that we establish, using iterated roll- outs, wins about twice as many games on average as an expert human player does. 1 Introduction Though proposed more than fifty years ago [1, 7], the effectiveness of the policy improve- ment algorithm remains a mystery. For discounted or average reward Markov decision problems with n states and two possible actions per state, the tightest known worst-case upper bound in terms of n on the number of iterations taken to find an optimal policy is O(2n/n) [9]. This is also the tightest known upper bound for deterministic Markov de- cision problems. It is surprising, however, that there are no known examples of Markov decision problems with two possible actions per state for which more than n + 2 iterations are required. A more intriguing fact is that even for problems with a large number of states – say, in the millions – an optimal policy is often delivered after only half a dozen or so iterations. In problems where n is enormous – say, a googol – this may appear to be a moot point because each iteration requires Ω(n) compute time. In particular, a policy is represented by a table with one action per state and each iteration improves the policy by updating each entry of this table. -
The Solitaire Mystery
The Solitaire Mystery Jostein Gaarder Translated by Sarah Jane Hails In This Story You Will Meet Hans Thomas, Dad, Mama, Line, Grandpa, The dwarf, A fat lady The old baker A fortune-teller Six years have passed since I stood in front of the ruins of the ancient Temple of Poseidon at Cape Sounion and looked out across the Aegean Sea. Almost one and a half centuries have passed since Baker Hans arrived on the strange island in the Atlantic Ocean. And exactly two hundred years have passed since Frode was shipwrecked on his way from Mexico to Spain. I have to go that far back in time to understand why Mama ran away to Athens… I would really like to think about something else. But I know I have to try to write everything down while there is still something of a child in me. I am sitting by the living-room window at Hisøy, watching the leaves drift from the trees outside. The leaves sail down through the air and come to rest like a loose carpet on the street. A little girl wades through the horse chestnuts, which bounce and scatter between the garden fences. It’s as though nothing fits together any more. When I think about Frode’s playing cards, it’s as though all nature has come apart at the seams. ACE OF SPADES … a German soldier came cycling along the country road … The great journey to the homeland of the philosophers began in Arendal, an old shipping town on the south coast of Norway. -
Free Card Games Solitaire Download
Free card games solitaire download Solitaire fans will love Free Solitaire's collection of free solitaire card games for Windows. It includes 12 solitaire variations ranging from Diplomat. Free Solitaire latest version: Twelve free solitaire games in one pack. Free Solitaire is the logical evolution of the good old solitaire game we all used to. Download card game Klondike solitaire and play offline for absolutely free! Maximize it to your entire computer screen to play card games as large as you like. Download Freecell Solitaire. Like to play Totally free; Share with everyone you know; Change the card game window size; Play without the need to be online. Play solitaire for free. No download or registration needed. Solitaire♤ Spider中 Mahjong. About. New Game. Options. How many cards to turn at once? Turn 1. If you like solitaire, you're going to love Solitaire Suite, the #1 pack of card games available for Android. With different games, including popular classics. Solitaire by MobilityWare is the original Solitaire game for Android devices! Join over million users playing our Solitaire for Android! Our version of Solitaire. Looking for something exciting and classic? you can now have for Free one of the best Solitaire games available on the market. Just grab your Android device. Solitaire Card Games Free is available to download for free on your Android Phone. Free Solitaire Card Games is among one of the most. Solitaire Games - Free Download! All Solitaire Games are % Free Full Version. No payments, No time limits, No trials, No ads. New game added every 3. Play Klondike, Spider, Freecell, Pyramid, and TriPeaks. -
2020 Consumer Catalog
22002200 ConsumerConsumer CCaattaalloogg OUR NEWEST GAMES! See demos of our new products at www.ThinkFun.com/DemoVideos Pg.5 My First Rush Hour® Pg.13 Dog Crimes™ Preschool Games Logic Games ™ Pg. 24 Moon Spinner Pg.17 Minecraft® Magnetic Brainteasers Pg.26 Pocket Brainteasers Travel Puzzle Brainteasers Logic Games ™ Pg.28 Chicken War Pg.30 Mystic Market™ Strategy Games Strategy Games Table of Contents Our games support a range of thinking skills, including: Preschool Games 4 • Problem-Solving • Visual/Spatial Reasoning Yoga Games for Kids 6 • Math • Speech & Language Zingo!® Learning Games 7 • Focus & Attention • Memory Junior Logic Games 9 Stay Connected! Logic Games 12 Follow us for company news and creative Coding Games ways to inspire thinking skills! 20 Brainteasers 23 Subscribe to our Education Blog for more on ThinkFun and our mission to make learning fun. Strategy Games 28 http://info.thinkfun.com/stem-education Escape the Room 31 Math Dice® Games 32 Card Games 33 Brain Fitness Games for Grown Ups 34 Preschool Games Preschool Games Start young minds off right with early learning games that encourage language skills, build confidence, and provide endless fun. ® orage Pocke St t! nt Roll & Play ie n e Your Child’s First Game v n o Roll & Play is the first game ever designed specifically for toddlers! C To play, simply toss the big plush cube and identify which colored side faces up. Choose a matching color card and perform the simple activity shown. Such as “Make a happy face” or “Moo like a cow.” The activities supported by Roll & Play are designed to help young children shine, supporting healthy development and celebrating success. -
Cutting Edge 3Rd Edition Intermediate Wordlist
Cutting Edge 3rd Edition Intermediate Wordlist Cutting Edge 3rd Edition Intermediate Wordlist Part of Headword Page speech Pronunciation German French Italian Example Unit 1 Klassenkamerad, camarade de compagno di classmate 6 n [C] /ˈklɑːsmeɪt/ Klassen- She was a classmate at Fairfax High School. classe classe kameradin ausfüllen, riempire, complete 6 v [T] /kəmˈpliːt/ remplir Sixty-five people completed the questionnaire. vervollständigen completare course 6 n [C] /kɔːs/ Kurs cours corso Andy's doing a computer course. ausländisch, foreign 6 adj /ˈfɒrɪn/ étranger straniero She spoke with a foreign accent. fremd form 6 n [C] /fɔːm/ Formular formulaire formulario Fill in the form using black ink. apprendre à conoscere, get to know 6 v [T] /get tə nəʊ/ kennen lernen It's a chance for students to get to know each other. connaître incontrarsi greet 6 v [T] /griːt/ begrüßen saluer salutare The children came rushing out to greet me. journey 6 n [C] /ˈdʒɜːni/ Reise voyage viaggio She met some interesting people on her journey. gerade, vor just 6 adv /dʒəst/ juste appena, poco fa She's just got married. kurzem old 6 adj /əʊld/ alt vieux vecchio He's an old friend of my father's. tatsächlich, genau effettivamente, actually 7 adv /ˈæktʃuəli, -tʃəli/ en fait Actually he's 45. genommen infatti /əˈpɑːt frəm, apart from 7 prep abgesehen von excepté a parte Apart from the ending, it's a really good film. frɒm/ board 7 n [C] /bɔːd/ Tafel tableau lavagna The teacher wrote a few words on the board. colleague 7 n [C] /ˈkɒliːg/ Kollege, Kollegin collègue collega I like my colleagues at the bank. -
Canada Catalog 2020
CANADA CATALOG The FoxMind team is proud to present the 2020 catalog! We have added many new titles to our ever growing catalog of toys and games that offer mind stimulating fun and help develop reasoning skills, spatial logic and other skills associated with STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math) as well as verbal expression, dexterity, and healthy social interaction. FoxMind had been nominated and has won, over the years, numerous international awards for its educational, family and strategy games. These awards include Mensa Awards, Game of the Year awards, Toy of the Year Awards and many more. We are grateful to the ever-growing base of retailers, consumers, teachers and educators who provide us with our ultimate raison d’être, to develop and produce toys and games that offer Smarter Fun! Should you want to learn more about our line or simply wish to communicate with us, the foxes here would love to hear from you through our website, Facebook, or Instagram. In the meantime, keep on playing! The FoxMind team TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 FAMILY 43 EDUCATIONAL 3 Last One Lost NEW 44 Architecto/ Perspecto BEST SELLER 4 Match Madness Extreme NEW 45 Equilibrio/ Tangramino BEST SELLER 5 Match Madness BEST SELLER NEW VERSION 46 Smart Cookies/ Meta-Forms BEST SELLER 6 Kabammm! NEW 47 Zoologic/ Dig it BEST SELLER 7 Tac Tac Jack NEW 48 Babushka/ Monster Brunch/ Mango Tango 8 Maze Racers BEST SELLER 49 Leolino/ Archelino 9 Bermuda Pirates BEST SELLER 50 Protect the Museum/ Pizza Diavolo 10 Quick Link BEST SELLER 11 Slam Words/ Slam Bluff BEST -
City Wolf 1St Crop Races SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 2017 in 2017
Unleash the potential of this genetic goldmine City Wolf 1st Crop Races SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 19, 2017 WWW.BLOODHORSE.COM in 2017 EL CAMINO UPSET VASSAR PHOTOGRAPHY VASSAR ZAKAROFF DELIVERS 48-1 STUNNER NEW See page 3 FREE TABLET & PHONE APP ALSO IN THIS ISSUE A Must Have... Mo Town Seeks Another Hit in Risen Star 6 El Areeb Breezes Sharp Half-Mile at Laurel 8 Miss Temple City, Lady Eli Return to Worktab 9 High Ridge Road Perfect in Barbara Fritchie 11 Imperial Hint Leads Gate-to-Wire in General George 12 Delta Prince Moves Forward on Gulfstream Lawn 14 ...for Breeding, Racing and Sales! Terra Promessa Wires Bayakoa Field 15 THE WORLDS LARGEST STALLION REGISTER POWERED BY Wild At Heart Takes Off-Turf Buena Vista 16 Results 18 VISIT GLOBALSTALLIONSAPP.COM Entries 22 Leading Lists 25 BLOODHORSE DAILY Download the FREE smartphone app PAGE 1 OF 25 nytbreeders.org | 518.587.0777 For more information visit our website or call 518.388.0174 Download the FREE smartphone app ZAKAROFF DELIVERS 48-1 STUNNER following back-to-back California-bred stakes wins in By Jeremy Balan Southern California, was disqualified to fourth after the t @BH_JBalan finish for interfering with Tribal Storm in the stretch. More Power to Him was elevated to second and Tribal he odds were against Antone Metaxas' Zakaroff Storm moved up to third. The top three finishers are not Tduring the $200,000 El Camino Real Derby (G3), currently nominated for the Triple Crown, so the points and it wasn't just because of his number on the infield for the Road to the Kentucky Derby standings earned tote board at Golden Gate Fields. -
PDF of the 8Th Edition
THE GAME CATALOG U.S. GAMES THROUGH 1950 (With AGCA Archives Instruction Availability Noted) 8th An official publication of the American Game Collectors Association Edition (AGCA) P.O. Box 44 October 1998 Dresher PA 19025 website http://agca.com Editor, Rick Tucker [email protected] © 1998 Bill Alexander, Anne D. Williams, and Richard W. Tucker. All Rights Reserved. CONTENTS The Game Catalog—Update Submission Forms........................................1 Introduction About The Game Catalog.....................................................................3 What’s New in the 8th Edition..............................................................3 Submitting Updates..............................................................................3 How to Use The Game Catalog ............................................................4 Game Instruction Availability...............................................................4 Sources of Information.........................................................................4 The Catalog Key to Symbols Used in The Game Catalog.........................................5 U.S. Games, Listed by Company..........................................................5 Foreign Games for Which the AGCA Archives Has Instructions......129 Indices Name Index .....................................................................................131 Count of Games Per Publisher..........................................................135 Index of Games with Instructions in the AGCA Archives.................137 -
Download Free Bvs Solitaire Collection
Download Free Bvs Solitaire Collection 1 / 4 Download Free Bvs Solitaire Collection 2 / 4 ! Bvs solitaire collection free download - BVS Solitaire Collection, BVS Solitaire Collection, BVS Solitaire Collection, and many more programs.. Choose from the wide range of card sets, card backs and backgrounds Create your own backgrounds and card backs from images you have on your computer. 1. solitaire collection 2. solitaire collection free 3. solitaire collection download • Multi-level undo/redo • Support for both Drag-and-Drop and Point-and-Click card movement.. Descargar bvs solitaire collection, bvs solitaire collection, bvs solitaire collection descargar gratis.. Looking for competition? Publish your results online and from all over the world.. Learn unique and fun games not found anywhere else, such as Braid, Cat's Tail, Topsy-Turvy Queens, Twelve Sleeping Maids etc. solitaire collection solitaire collection, solitaire collection free, solitaire collection fun, solitaire collection download, solitaire collection app, solitaire collection free download, solitaire collection daily challenge, solitaire collection windows 10, solitaire collection game, solitaire collection apk, solitaire collection klondike, solitaire collection queens game, solitaire collection for android Zoom Vs Gotomeeting I play BVS Solitaire Collection for hours and never tire I think it is the best game software suite I have ever purchased.. • Large and easy to read • Lots of excellent high quality and • 'Show Next Move' command. Valentino Rossi The Doctor Font Free Aarohan Tv Serial Wikipedia solitaire collection free Seed of Amaranth Even if you've played a lot of solitaire card games, these games will definitely be new to you.. Modify the toolbar to better meet your needs or preferences Drag it around and dock it wherever you want.