Molecularphylogeneticsof Phalaenopsis(Orchidaceae)
The JapaneseSocietyJapanese Society for Plant Systematics ISSN 1346-7565 Acta Phytotax. GeoboL 56 (2): 14]-161 (200S)・ Molecular Phylogenetics of Phalaenopsis (Orchidaceae)and allied Genera: Re-evaluation of Generic Concepts TOMOHISA YUKAWAi, KOICHI KITA2, TAKASHI HANDA2, TOPIK HIDAYAT3 and MOTOMHTo3 i71sukuba 21hstitute Botanical Garcien, Nlational Scienee Mtiseum, Amakuho, Tyuketba, 305-OO05. Jopan; of 3Graduate Agricultnre andforestn)). Uhivensity qf'Tgukuba, fennodai, 71yukuba, 305-857Z Japan; Schoot ofArts and Seience, Uhivensity of7bdy,o, Kbmaba, 7bkyo, J53-8902, JZu)an, Molecular phylogenetic analyscs were performed using data sets derived from DNA sequences ofthe plastid genome (matK and trnK introns) and the nuelear genome (rDNA ITS) in an examination ofrela- tionships of all sections ofPhataenqpsis and closely related gcnera. The fo11owing insights were pro- vided: (1) The genera Lesliea and IVbthodoritis are nested within Phalaenopsis, (2) Phalaenopsis subgenus Aphyilae and section EsmeJ'aldd, often treated as thc independent genera Kirrgidium and Doritis respectively, are also nested within Phalaenqpsis. (3) Two subgenera of Phalaenqpsis, namely, Phalaenopsis and 1larishianae, are not monophyletic. (4) Phalaenopsis sections Deliciosae, SZautqglottis, Amboinenses and Zehrinae are not monophyletic. (5) lnconsistencies bctween the plastid and nuclear lineages indicate a hybrid origin ofPhalaenopsis minus and Phalaenopsis phitmpinensis. (6) In light of these findings, and to accommodate phylogenetic integrity and stability in nomenclature, we adopt a broadly defincd Doritis characterized by the possession of fbur pollinia, an explicit character state. Key words: Doritis,introgression, ITS, mati(l moleculag Orchidaceae, Ahalaenopsis, phylogcnctics, tttnK Phakzenopsis Blume is an orchid genus to which 62 tion ofthe genus has been thoroughly reviewed by species are currently assigned (Christenson 2001).
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