The Improvement

JULY, 1938 yyiiftmotL /BallaliofL TyUmiiimmt VOLUME 4 I NUMBi.

i 386] RETURN POSTAGE GUARANTEED SALT LAKE CITY. UTAH This White Cross at Shell Dealers' means you can be sure -LOOK FOR IT!

THIS REST ROOM IS KEPT HOME-CLEAN

in accordance with the editorial specifications of GOOD HOUSEKEEPING MAGAZINE

/ will appreciate your co-operation in helping me keep this pledge.

IN the April issue, Good Housekeep- We who have been awarded the Cer- awarded the Certificate. If you find a ing Magazine published an article tificate have agreed to keep our rest rest room that falls below Good House- about station rest rooms, telling how rooms scrupulously clean, and we un- keeping standards, write your criti- they ought to be equipped and how derstand that the Certificate will be cism on a card and mail it. clean they ought to be kept in the in- withdrawn fromus if we fail to do this. When on the road, look for Shell's terest of public health comfort. and Our rest rooms will be inspected WHITE CROSS OF CLEANLINESS dis- We Shell dealers heard ofthis article regularly. Also, we are providing post played in front of stations. It means and read it with much interest. cards in rest rooms which have been you can be sure. Since then our station rest rooms have been inspected, and dealers whose rest rooms were found up to vIlfcLLj the standards specified by Good a^^UZh*^ Housekeeping have been given the w Home-Clean Certificate" shown. CANNING riME S (Buy. (Bs&L SuqaJv

Stock up on beet sugar now for a big season of home canning of the plentiful supply of fresh fruits and vegetables now on the market. Look ahead and plan to fill your cupboards with delicacies, which you'll relish and be thankful for next winter!

Use extra-fine, pure, granulated beet sugar — the finest you can buy. It's quick-dissolving and unsurpassed for canning and preserving. Also cheaper, therefore, more economical to use.

BEET SUGAR AND

FARM SURPLUSES . . . .

All America is concerned with farm surpluses, because surpluses affect the purchasing power of the farmer, and, in turn, the whole struc-

ture of American economic life.

American farmers raise approximately one million acres of sugar beets each year. What's more, a million acres in sugar beets is not another million surplus acres of wheat or corn!

Furthermore, no other major American crop returns to the farmer as much per acre and contributes to industry and agriculture as much as the sugar beet and the resultant beet sugar industry.

America needs the beet sugar industry . . . the industry needs the support of farmers, merchants, housewives, canneries, and statesmen.

INTERMOUNTAIN BEET SUGAR COMPANIES

385 (DoQfoiL Jinow—

Where the headquarters of the new /HmprouementEra West German Mission are? Page 389 'The Glory of God is Intelligence' What Church personality recently was honored by a distinguished Heber J. Grant, JULY, 1938 American University? Page 387 John A. Widtsoe, VOLUME 41 NUMBER 7 Editors How mental work affects physical Richard L. Evans, muscles? Page 388 "THE VOICE OF THE CHURCH" Managing Editor Marba C. Josephson, How youth may best serve its "own OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE PRIESTHOOD QUORUMS, Associate Editor generation"? Page 392 MUTUAL IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATIONS, DEPART- George Q. Morris, General Mgr. MENT OF EDUCATION, MUSIC COMMITTEE, WARD Lucy G. Cannon, Associate Mgr. What is the "ideal" Book of Mor- AGENCIES OF THE CHURCH K. Orton, Business Mgr. TEACHERS, AND OTHER J. Geography? OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS. mon Page 394 Through what changes the Christian church passed after the death of JohlsL jd(L QwdtswiA, Constantine? Page 396 Under what circumstances Lorenzo JPul £dihfiL (Pago, Snow undertook his "tithing mission" to St. George? Page 400 A Word to Youth . Heber J. Grant 391 What Mormon boy was a protege of Charles Dickens? Page 403

Serve Your "Own Generation" John A. Widtsoe 392 Who wrote the Tabernacle Choir theme song? Page 404 An "Ideal" Book of Mormon Geography... Lynn C* Layton 394 The Lord's Way Out of Bondage LeRoi C. Snow 400 How the slavery issue precipitated The Story of Our Hymns.. George D, Pyper 404 a crisis in Utah? Page 406 Some Photographic Highlights of June Conference 405 If camels are found on American Our Friend-Making Missionaries in the Netherlands deserts? Page 409 Paul Vorkink and Joseph P. Lambert 412 J* Who was "Cayuga's Other Bates College Confers Honorary Degree on Frank W. Wise Man"? . Page 410 Asper, 387; News of the West German Mission, Fred W. Babbel, 433; to Hill Cumorah, Ira Markham, Another Trek J. What missionary methods are em- the Cali- 411; The Church Moves On, 415; Visual Aid in ployed in the Netherlands? fornia Mission, 421; Priesthood: Melchizedek, 422; Ward Page 412 Teaching, 426; Aaronic Priesthood, 427; Genealogical Page, 429; Department of Education, 429; Mutual Messages and What one college girl's reasons are Field Photos, 430, 431, 432, 434, 435; M. I. A. Activities for not smoking? Page 413 Point the Way to Progress in East Central States, Bassett At what international conferences T. Wright, 431; Missionaries at Fort Sumter, Merrill J. Wood, 432; Brigham City Honors Brigham Young, 434. President Clark is representing the United States? Page 415

Who is promoting a state park at The Protestors of Christendom—Part V\ continued Nauvoo? Page 415 ____ L. Barker 396 James What Mormon basketball team won The Last of the "Dickens' Boys" .Helen Miller Lehman .403 a European championship? Slavery Caused an Indian War Carlton Culmsee 406 Page 415

Cayuga's "Other Wise Man" What books are recommended for Joseph Williams and John Farr Larsen 410 summer reading? Page 420 Why I Do Not Smoke Dorothy Dyer Akers 413 How "visual aids" have succeeded Exploring the Universe, Franklin S. Harris, Jr., 388; On the in the California Mission?_.Page 421 Book Rack, 418; Homing: Summer Reading, 419; Here's How, 419; Index to Advertisers, 442; Your Page and Ours, What questions have arisen con- 448. cerning Melchizedek Priesthood committees? Page 422

What Priesthood social activities are The Training of Youth John A. Widtsoe 416 recommended? Page 424 M, L A. June Conference Richard L. Evans 416 How Brigham City has honored A Rising Vote Against Liquor and Tobacco Brigham Young Page 435 Richard L. Evans 417 EXECUTIVE AND EDITORIAL A Woman's Sphere Marba C. Josephson 417 OFFICES: 50 North Main Street, Salt Lake City, Utah

Copyright 1938, by the Young Men's Mutual 398 Improvement Association Corporation of the Beckoning Roads—Chapter 6 Dorothy C* Robinson Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The Phantom Herd—An Historical Narrative All rights reserved. Subscription price, $2.00 a year, in advance; 20c Single Copy. Robert M. Hyatt 409 Entered at the Post Office, Salt Lake City, Utah, as second-class matter. Acceptance for The Color of Courage Beth Harmon 402 mailing at special rate of postage provided Frontispiece: The Wedding Journey, Zara Sabin, 390; Poetry for in section 1103, Act of October, 1917, authorized July 2, 1918. Page 414; Contrast, Gilean Douglas, 432; Which Way, The Improvement Era is not responsible Little Girl, Agnes Just Reid, 436; The Creek, Luacine Clark for unsolicited manuscripts, but welcomes con- Fox, 438; Scriptural Crossword Puzzle, 446. tributions. All manuscripts must be accompanied by sufficient postage for delivery and return. JhsL Qwsih. The Mormon Battalion Monument, pictured on the cover, stands on the grounds of A MAGAZINE FOR EVERY the Utah State Capitol in Salt Lake City. The silhouette study against the background of a western sunset is by Jeano Orlando. MEMBER OF THE FAMILY 386 Bates College Confers Honorary Degree on Frank W. Asper Tabernacle Organist Called East to Receive Signal Honor

"Crank W. Asper, Salt Lake Taber- nacle organist and one of the West's successful musicians, who has steadily won acclaim outside his home state, was called east in early June to have con- Everett ferred upon him an honorary degree of bowman, Doctor of Music, by historic Bates Champion College in Lewiston, Maine. Mr. Asper cowboy of won further plaudits in his capacity as 1937. Yes, an artist when, on June 12, he played the dedicatory program on a new organ those are installed at the College. He was called LEVI'S he's across the continent to be the first wearing. artist to play this wonderful instrument in one of America's oldest and finest schools.

The new organ was presented to There's only one best in any field. It may be a Bates College by Arthur Curtiss James, man . . . like Champion Cowboy Bowman. It may internationally known New York finan- be a product . . . like LEVI'S — champion overalls cier and music patron. Bates College, ;5fe«W-*9e- of the West for 80 years. Champions in comfort founded in 1864, is one of America's and wear. Champions, again, in giving you foremost educational institutions and is this new, exclusive protection . well known for its debating teams. LEVI STRAUSS ."*''.CO."_>< Robert Frost, poet; Paul Claudel, former French Ambassador to the United States; and Mark Sullivan, political commentator, have received honorary degrees from this college. With all LEVI'S have these patented, the east to honor, it remained for a ONLY western artist to be called to play the back-pocket rivets that WON'T dedication. SCRATCH CHAIRS, SADDLES, OR During a mission to Germany, be- AUTO SEATS. And ONLY LEVI'S cause of his interpretation and knowl- have the exclusive easy fit that WON'T edge of the classics, Frank Asper was PULL OR BIND. Cut from heaviest able to circulate freely and proclaim denim loomed. And so strongly made the Gospel to several opera stars, mem- we guarantee: "A NEW PAIR FREE bers of symphony orchestras, and some IF THEY RIP!" concert artists, and was invited to play WATCH FOR THESE MARKS OF GENUINE LEVI'S for them, as well as being welcome at 1. horse brand leather label many prominent functions. After his Two 2. Oilcloth ticket mission, he studied in Berlin: piano' with 3. Red tab sewed in back-pocket seam Jonas, and theory with Klatte, and also 86 played in an opera orchestra under Von Fielitz. COPPER RIVETED After the outbreak of the World War, he returned to Salt Lake City, WAIST OVERALLS and, in 1915, gave up a large class of LEVI'S pupils to study in Boston because of WITH CONCEALED RIVETS ON BACK POCKETS the need he felt to further advance in the theoretical subjects, which he pur- LEVI STRAUSS & CO., Los Angeles, SAN FRANCISCO, Frankfort, Ind. sued under Elson; he also' studied organ under Humphrey at this time. Piano PATRONIZE YOUR HOME-TOWN MERCHANT,,. HE'S YOUR NEIGHBOR training was pursued under DeVoto and Buonamici. He was also engaged to train choir in a boy a suburb of Bos- Guild of Organists, and is also Dean Spokane, Washington; in Pueblo; and ton, later relinquishing this for a post of the Utah Chapter. He is one of the the Third Baptist Church of St. Louis. as organist on the fashionable south few western representatives ever in- He was official organist at the Sesqui- shore at Cohasset, in an historic church vited to play at a convention of the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia; which was built before the Revolution. American Guild of Organists, which he played in St. Vincent's Church at Los During the time he teaching was at did on the large municipal organ at Angeles, and many others. the New England Conservatory of Memphis, winning great acclaim. He he did not neglect his Music Church has played for many notables, among duties, and was counselor in the Bos- them, three presidents of the United HOTEL LANKERSHIM ton Branch for four years. In 1920 States, and the Crown Prince of 7th & BROADWAY the newly-organized L. D. S. School of Sweden. Other places where he has ESTABLISH ED RATES Double Bed Choice (Double or Twins) Music beckoned and he returned to J appeared have been at the University $2.50 $3.00 $3." Salt Lake City. of Illinois; University of Chicago; FRANK R. WISH0N, President Mr. Asper holds the distinction of Carnegie Institute at Pittsburgh; at the LOS ANGELES being a "Fellow" in the American large Lewis and Clark High School at 'TWO PERSONS - ONE CHARGE" 387 —

£xpjb%uv£ JJtiL lAmvohAJL

By FRANKLIN S. HARRIS, JR,

A dog can hear higher notes than A new flourescent electric lamp has moved surgically without apparent "*""* *** man and there is good evidence been announced with an efficiency damage to the intelligence. No signs that pheasants can hear distant gunfire 200 times that of present-day filament of depression or loss of abstract be- when human ears cannot detect it, lamps. It differs from ordinary lamps havior were discovered in such pa- in that ultra-violet is converted to vis- tients. The brain has a definite "heat HPHE worm called Brubea protandrica ible light by a flourescent coating on center" that responds to heating by A speeding up breathing, starting per- is male in autumn and winter, fe- the walls. spiration and other male in spring, and neuter in summer. means for cooling the body. Experiments with cats "Decent research on the brain has found this region to be partly on the A ^- disclosed two interesting things. underside of the front part of the brain, Large portions of the important and partly on the underside of the mid- frontal lobes of the brain can be re- brain.

SSSS" Cheep shearing by chemicals is being ^ performed in the Soviet Wool Lab- oratory. By giving single doses of 7]Sa "Caterpillar" distributor for many thallium compounds the sheep shed their wool, leaving them naked as years, this organization has a wealth though they had been shorn. If the dose was small the fine wool came out, if coarse and fine fibers larger both of experience with all types of power ap- molted.

pOR each pound of vegetable matter plications—tractor and stationary engine *- produced by a plant, on the average of about 40 gallons of water are evaporated. through shaft, belt, and electric generator. - A silent piano and a silent violin have **"* been invented to be used in prac- Let us apply this experience to your prob- ticing. The playing can be heard only by the pupil and teacher through ear- phones. lem.We'll survey your needs and give you

HPhe muscles in the arms and neck of exact figures on what you may expect *• a person doing mental work get tenser and tenser as the work becomes more difficult, a scientist at the Uni- to save with "Caterpillar" Diesel Power. versity of Indiana found.

Tn Peary Land at the north end of * Greenland, the most northerly land on earth, there are bees and butterflies Distributors of in the rolling meadows of flowers and grasses. "CATERPILLAR"

Diesel Engines /"^ontrary to popular belief, wolves LANDES Track-Type Tractors ^ don't attack and kill people, nor Road Machinery T RACTOR £ EQUIPMENT GO. do they travel in hunting packs, except that cubs may travel with the parents 25 peakJ ofi DexMee for the first year. Vilhjalmur Stef- - South Temple, Salt ansson and the U. S. Biological Survey Headquarters 245 West Lake City have traced such accounts down and found them to be fictitious. 388 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938

IN SALT LAKE STOP AT THE NEW AND MODERN KEN-RAY TOURIST LODGE 1481 So. State

9 CARL W. BUEHNER, General Contractor WM. E. NELSON, Architect I KEN-RAY TOURIST LODGE We Congratulate the Ken- i B Ray Auto Court on Their Chooses colorful Mountain Red Ruff Brick I Selection of N. O. Nelson 5 Manufactured by Plumbing Fixtures. I INTERSTATE BRICK COMPANY I Plumbing Installed by 5 3180 So. 1 1th East—Hyland 630 \ I A. Y. STIRLING Salt Lake City, Utah \ $ 1497 So. 5th East Hy. 1611 I \ I REINFORCING AND STRUC- WALLPAPER ELECTRICAL SUPPLIES I I 5 TURAL STEEL By Furnished by Ask for UNITED 8 Sun tested and water-proof ELDER ELECTRIC CO. I INDUSTRIAL STEEL CO., INC. g 475 West 6th South—Was. 4086 McMURTRY LONG LIFE PAINTS 134 East Broadway J \ KENNETH LOTT—GEO. A. PARRY Are adapted to this climate, cover bet- \ I ter and are weather resisting. Large variety oi beautiful colors. I We Furnished the Paint and TILE WORK \ \ 5 Enamel for this High Class Auto PERCHON PAINT AND WALL By PAPER CO. Court 339 So. State Was. 1822 Elias Morris & Sons Co. PECK—ASH—PARRY CO. In July Moving to i 250 East So. Temple 992 So. Main Street NOALL BROS. LUMBER CO. Good flooring and all lumber 5 products. WILLIAMS 5 THE KEN-RAY TOURIST ^^ ^g*\ LODGE I i Furnished Throughout from the I x 0HJWATIC Complete Stock I oi RED FEATHER OIL CO. I

STANDARD FURNITURE CO. 208 W. 17 S. Hy. 6868 I I \ OLD AMERICAN HEAVYTAB 5 ELECTRICAL WORK \ SHINGLES Applied by By \ LAYTON ROOFING CO. \ GRANITE ELECTRIC (Certified applicator Old American Roofs) i \ 1865 So. 3th East Phone Hy. 3057 2248 So. 8th East—Hy. 550 I \ 153 W. N. Temple Was. 1795 < ><=>: ><=x >cr>< o; xrx >o< xrx xr* xzx xzx >o< >o< X3XX3*xixx=* ><=>:> C=>

dOuv Wadding QojuAnsu^

r^REARY day by dreary day, •"Phey traveled light—it was their all- Jouncing, jolting, mile on mile, Tennyson's poems, a Bible, a few Erect she sat in her dusty gray, Patchwork quilts and a Paisley shawl, Fixed and stiff as her weary smile. Copper kettle, and gown of blue;

Che and her husband, this firm man, Youth and strength and a will to work; Eager and restless, fired with zeal, Deeply rooted, a trust in God, Joined a westward caravan, Trust to be tried in the mud and murk, Stirred by the song of a creaking wheel. Clinging fast to the Iron Rod.

]" ONG he had labored in shop and at forge P)ay after day in the heat and the dust, Fashioning felloe and axle with care, Never a murmur or secret sigh, The need to be gone his daily scourge; Fording a stream or facing a gust To knit and sew, her womanly share. Of sifting sand as the wind whirled by.

'M'ight after night in a bed on the ground, Weary body, too tired to rest;

Sickness and death with its lonely mound, Hunger and thirst marked their way to the West.

TThus was her wedding journey made Over desolate steep and plainland drear; Little new bride all unafraid, Partner indeed for a Pioneer!

$(Vwl SabifL

390 — —

HhB EDITORS PAGE £2

By PRESIDENT HEBER J. GRANT

is a great joy to me, always, to meet with the young desire. I am sure that a young man who is perfectly ITpeople. It is a very difficult matter for me to real- satisfied with what he is doing, although he may be ize that I am what they commonly call a very old doing very little, and has no ambition to do more, will man. I believe my spirit is as youthful as it ever stand still; but I am convinced that each and every indi- was. I enjoy mingling with youth; I enjoy playing vidual can improve from day to day, from year to year, with them; I enjoy the sports of youth. True, I cannot and have greater capacity to do things as the years take as active a part in some of the athletic sports as I come and the years go. I believe in that with all my would like to, but I am very happy with youth, and heart. to me the fact that the spirit apparently does not grow I rejoice in the splendid progress of our young peo- old is one of the evidences of the immortality of the ple. I am sure there is no other place in the United soul. I remember reading of ex-President Adams being States where a body of young people could be gathered met one day by a friend who said: "How is President together, such as I am facing here today, who would Adams today?" pledge themselves, as you have done, to live one of the I think "Oh," he said, "President Adams was never better laws of God for the benefit of mankind. can finer, splendid statement against the in his life, never younger, never in finer condition, but of no more men are to destroy the vigor of body this house he is living in is becoming rather old and who working today of increasing the sale of liquor he is hoping for a better one in the near future." and mind people by and tobacco than is contained in the of Wisdom. I hope to keep that spirit of youth. I hope to feel as Word The Lord says: "I have warned you, and forewarn much interested in the next ten years, which I hope to you, giving unto this of wisdom," because stay with you, in the Mutual Improvement cause as I by you word "evils designs which will exist in the have ever been. In fact, I believe that the Lord does of and do and grant unto us according to our desires, as recorded in hearts of conspiring men in the last days." I sections refused the 29th chapter of the Book of Alma in the Book of read that in one of the eastern they to rent hall to for and Ball. Mormon, whether "good or evil, life or death, joy or a our Church a Gold Green of remorse of conscience", that we are in very deed the They said they couldn't afford to have a lot young spoiling their napkins table-cloths with their architects of our own lives, so to speak, and not only people and cigaret smoking. Our people told them there would the architects but the builders, and that if we have ambition to do more and to accomplish more, God gives be no cigarets, and to have several hundred young people, there without cigarets made an everlasting us the ability through our diligence. I am a very firm I the fine believer in the teaching of James that "faith without impression. have heard many comments on entertainment which our choir gave in honor of its works is dead, as the body without the spirit is dead," former president, David A. Smith. see this great and of course we all know that the body is of no value To ballroom of the Utah Hotel filled and the room adjoining to us when the spirit leaves. We retain the body only it also out in the mezzanine floor, and not see a single a few days until we bury it. cigaret, why it made a profound impression on the what I desire and the ambition of life is that Now my people! And I have attended other gatherings of the from now until my end comes I can accomplish more same kind. Each and every one of you, my dear young year by year than I have accomplished in the past, friends, carry on your shoulders the reputation of this for the reason that I should have and I believe I do Church. have a greater comprehension of the duties and the Everyone of us has in our power to preach this responsibilities that rest upon and that rest upon all me Gospel, and to preach it not by word but by example. of us I ago. I grateful than had many years am beyond I sent out over six thousand copies of a little pamphlet expression that as the years and go love for come my during the Christmas holidays, and I found one of the this Gospel of Christ that has again been restored Jesus items I published says it better than I can say it, viz: to the earth is stronger, and that there is a greater desire in my heart to labor for the spread of truth and And now there is one more lesson for us to learn, the the building up of the Church of Christ here upon the climax of all the rest; namely, to make a personal application to ourselves of everything which we know. Unless we earth today than there has been ever before, and I master this lesson, and act on it, other lessons are virtually believe that ought to be the ambition of each and every useless and thus robbed of their essential glory. The only one of us. living end or aim of everything we experience, of every truth we are taught, is the practical use we make of it for the I believe unless we have ambition to accomplish enrichment of the soul, the attuning of the thoughts and things and to do things that we amount to but very actions, the exaltation of life. . . . When we do what we little in the battle of life. I know of nothing at the know, then first does it put on vital luster and become di- present time that seems to sadder than to find the me vinely orecious. William R. Algers. number of our people who are losing the spirit of integrity and devotion and ambition to do things. It The Gospel is true. May God help us to live it is my seems to me all wrong. Every individual should have humble prayer and I ask it in the name of our Redeemer. a desire to grow and increase in capacity and in ability Amen. From President Grant's address at the opening to do things. Certainly by mere exertion of the will, session of the 43rc? Annual Conference of the Mutual by mere desire, we accomplish nothing; we must put Improvement Associations, in the Tabernacle, Salt Lake with that desire the labor to accomplish the things we City, Friday morning, June 10, 1938.

391 ERVE YOUR By DR. JOHN A. WIDTSOE Of the Council of the Twelve

This article contains the message of the Baccalaureate sermon delivered by Dr. Widtsoe to the U. S. A. C. graduating class on Sunday, June 5, 1938. In speaking of his text, "Serve Your Own Gen- eration," Dr. Widtsoe, on that occasion, added: "By this test w»e delight today to honor the institution from which you are about to gradu- ate. Happily, during its half century of existence, from the first to the present board of trustees and faculty, from President Sanborn to President Peterson, the Utah State Agricultural College has diligently and intelligently served its 'own generation.* The future of the college, likewise, will be measured by its earnest and honest effort to serve its 'own generation'." cation has given you power beyond your fellows; positions of trust and influence will be yours. If you per- the Apostle, speaking in Paul, sistently and continuously, through- nomic, social, and religious implica- Antioch, seat of Roman glory, out your lives, speak for truth in the tions, should be set before our chil- summarized the life of David, full spirit of understanding, victory dren, if American ways of thinking great king of Israel, in eloquent, re- will be yours. Men, in the end, pre- are to be preserved, and our great sounding words: fer good to evil. I warn you only country shall fulfill its possible des- that all change and all reform come tiny for human good. The three For David, having served his own gen- best by evolution rather than by R's must yield a part of their ancient eration by the will of fell God, on sleep revolution. field to the emotional and spiritual and was laid unto his fathers. The days to come will bring their needs of man. When our schools This was the highest praise that own opportunities for service, but become firm and fearless allies of the learned Apostle could give to three great problems of today and home and Church, America will off Israel's foremost king. It is today tomorrow appear like great shadows soon shake the rags of vicious the greatest encomium that can be upon the veil of the future, which practices with which human selfish- spoken of man or institution. It is you must help solve, if you would ness has clothed her. also the most searching test of the serve your "own generation." education worthiness of personal or institu- First, there is the call of educa- American cannot be tional life. To serve one's "own tion. You will be required to shape made strong unless schools generation by the will of God" re- for more perfect service the power- move nearer, in their instruction, to mains the truest measure of life's ful instrument for man's improve- the daily needs of man. It is well to value and the safest guide to human ment known as the system of public speak of culture; but culture is but conduct. education. America has become a a manner of life, touching all that a You who now leave halls of school-trained nation. From early man does. The dignifying of the learning will be judged in life by childhood, into maturity, American necessary tasks of life, in the light Paul's test of service to your "own children go to school. The home of the world's heritage of experience, generation." If you heed the an- and the Church has retreated before is the better objective of schools, if cient formula, you may safely ex- the schoolmaster. Parents surrender we really desire a happy nation. pect, in the midst of life's storms, to their children to the school in their The sisterhood of land grant col- find honor, love, joy, and the inward formative and adolescent years. leges has led out in this endeavor satisfaction that "passeth all under- The Church too often confines itself to the blessing of the land. How- standing." to Sunday guidance for people who ever, even they are threatened with You may be few in number in a live seven days a week. Our nation a cultural paralysis, which rates pure populous world filled with countless is being moulded by our system of book learning, acquiring the problems; you may be as voices in public education. thoughts of the wise ones of the the wilderness; yet your voices must Since our schools possess such ages, as being all sufficient, and mak- be heard in opposition to the dema- power, then, through them, neces- ing unnecessary an intellectual and gogue, the charlatan, the office- sary reforms and developments may practical acquaintanceship with the seeker, and all who would distort largely be accomplished. A man is work men must do daily for their truth for selfish ends; you must be not likely to depart from the teach- bread. A body of men, eminent in as crusaders and reformers in the ings of his youth. Personal and the nation, has recently arisen to cause of righteousness. Your edu- community ideals, with their eco- urge the educational return of 392 \\ OWN GENERATION //

(bo not $&£Ui. $0 jojuL to jomqiWi. Ga. changes rests upon the institutions of collegiate rank. They are the ipjuL AtcutoL &y~ $0jcL and. 2Ua* Iowa, pacesetters for the high schools and elementary schools. Imul jb JthiL jundtangj^^ Would you serve your generation? Here, coming voters, speak- AJUflrfjWJUAnJL&A, ijOJUL XVJlIL jt>£JODJWL ers, writers, trustees of schools and colleges, lies a mighty opportunity bsms^adjfiA, x>£. ihsL Jvcujl ml sixiiwcdiimaL to serve your "own generation," in directing and redirecting American uplift, jul sxjwwjmixL bsdl&Jwuuni, amL education for greater American se»- vice and human good. in. jmsfwdL unpJwvsjmsLni, The second problem which you must help solve in life is man's call America to the pleasant ease of the aimlessly, helplessly, freed from for economic emancipation, a call slumbering, classical education. Hid- duty, during the three or more long heard around the world and stirring den within the plea is the dangerous months of summer vacation? If the the nations to their foundations. and incorrect doctrine that educa- school, with our consent, has invad- You will be called upon to help tion through the hand is inferior to ed the earlier fields of home and provide permanent means for sup- that through the eye. Our near church, why should it not carry on plying every man born into the free- century of experience with school throughout the year with such world, in return for his best efforts, shops this recreation laboratories and refutes dom as proper demands? the necessaries of life: food, cloth- claim. Thinly disguised, the plea Boys and girls by untold thousands ing and shelter as well as the com- is for an educational aristocracy in suffer in our land for want of suit- mon luxuries of life. No longer can our free land. The course of history ably guided, productive occupation that duty be ignored; for every is evidence that no offering could be during the months of vacation. Ill- worthy man is entitled to these fraught with more evil in a should justify idleness. world ness alone things. In that respect all men are hungry for light. This condition is probably the fault or should be equal. of the citizen taxpayers who have The assertion is made, with which During the few centuries of our all agree, that are not alike not instructed the schools properly we men modern civilization, the common in their powers. in their duties. inborn That pre- man has been obliged to battle for sents only a problem of school ar- freedom of thought and speech, and administration. Let Another thought lingers. The rangement and for political equality. These pre- the schools organize and present love of truth must be fostergd if cious possessions are now his. To- existing knowledge to meet the men are to travel the road to happy, day we are in the midst of the com- needs of the variety of human gifts. useful life. Unless you have learned mon man's battle for economic suffi- But allow all people to advance as to love truth your college course has ciency. We cannot well serve our been in vain. Almost the prime pur- far as they can with their native "own generation" unless we use our pose of college training is to enable endowments. training to help secure greater eco- men to distinguish between that Honor be to the few institutions nomic security for all worthy men, which the powers of men have found which have resolutely set about to and thereby win peace and content- to be true, and the inferences, develop respect for physical toil ment for the whole world. As men changing with increasing knowl- along with mental effort; which find economic contentment, war- edge, that are drawn from such facts have even divided the day or the fare will vanish from the earth. The of observation. In college halls, week, so that a student may earn his powers of our civilization must make man's interpretations of observed way through college by skillful more available for humankind the facts are sometimes presented, by labor, and actually receive credit material resources of earth. Too uninformed, biased or dishonest therefor! Such institutions may many of our fellowmen suffer for teachers, in the guise of established break a lesser academic regulation, want of food, clothing, and shelter. facts. That is the gravest kind of but they conform to a higher human That does not bring about social dishonesty. In the world of affairs law. Above all, if we would have welfare. The earth offers an this danger is ever present. A man peace and plenty in our land, com- abundance for the support of all. or group of men may set up a series mand our schools, which are but our Wealth comes from the intelligent of dicta, unsupported or incompletely servants, from the first year to the application of human labor to the supported by facts, and build there- last, to draw nearer to farm and natural resources of earth. You on governmental or commercial shop, to store and home, as well as have been taught how this may be all con- to office and courtroom—make pro- structures to the grief of done. Your knowledge must be ap- cerned. must cling to truth at fessions of all necessary pursuits of Men plied to this problem for humanity's whatever cost. That must be the life. sake; then, many will call you bless- constant, most important teaching In close association with this ed. In this way you can greatly of the schools. thought comes another. Out of what serve your "own generation." I am shrine of hidden and doubtful wis- I cannot refrain from adding that, convinced that the God of Heaven, dom came the plan, unfitting in our within school circles, the responsi- a living Father, desires that the day, to allow children to roam about bility for needed educational {Continued on page 444) 393 AN "IDEAL" BOOK 4- MORMON Zarahemla/ What glorious thoughts are brought to the mind of any Latter-day Saint GEOGRAPHY by the name of this great metropolis of the ancient Nephites. Here lived the rulers of the people of Nephi, from Mosiah to Mormon. From By LYNN C LAYTON here Moroni and the brave young general, Teancum, went forth to fight the degenerate sons of Laman, U)ithouL cdtsimpttinq^ to JoxxdjL IPul Aazr, led by the wicked Amalikiah. From the neighboring land of Jer- o£ cudkwfL otL thsL pte&swi-dcu^ map. shon, Helaman led his two thousand "Little Sons" to aid the sorely JthsL auihtfv hs/UL AuqqsLdiA. cl fea&ibJbL beset Antipus. Here for six hundred years a great people lived, JojcJcrfiwL ofL namsUu aruL fdac&A- with- loved, fought their battles and built MApJZCt to SJOfdfL otPuUi, £Uu hsuvsurisudL a great civilization. To any Latter-day Saint these stories are as familiar as if they were a part of our own history, yet the place of Zarahemla and its surrounding lands remain undeter- which runs from the sea on the east mined. What satisfaction if we A^any individual members of to the sea on the west, that the head could picture the Sidon as we do the Church, in private of the Sidon is north of the Land the Jordan, a definite part of the capacity, have expressed their of Nephi, and that the Land of earth, could visualize the battles views and their theories con- Manti is near the wilderness in which fought and the people who fought the Sidon has its cerning Book of Mormon geog- source. them in their proper settings. Teach- raphy. Here is another view Reading from Alma 16:7 we find ers of the Book of Mormon know —representing merely the per- that Zoram and his sons (Nephites the difficulties of presenting to a coming from Zarahemla) crossed sonal beliefs of one student of group of students the missionary the subject and not necessarily the Sidon "with their armies, and journeys of Alma and the Sons of marched away beyond the borders representing the views of the Mosiah when they themselves have of Manti into the south wilderness, Church or its members gener- only a vague idea of the lands vis- which was on the east side the ally. But this presentation is of ited, their distance from each other river Sidon." About 74 B. C. the unique in that it does not at- or the natural barriers encountered. great Nephi general, Moroni, fought tempt to place the scene of ac- It has often been said that little a tion on the present-day map, campaign in this region. Here he can be known of the geography of ambushed the but merely indicates the rela- Lamanites as describ- the Book of Mormon because of the ed in Alma 43:25-44. Paying special tive positions of one place with great changes which took place at attention to verses 32 read, respect to another, as inferred 31, we the time of the Crucifixion. Before "Therefore, he divided his army and from a study of the text itself. accepting this theory, remember brought a part over into the valley, that while much of the record is a and concealed them on the east, and history of events which occurred on the south of the hill Riplah; and before the meridian of time, the if located, form a sort of base merid- the remainder he concealed in the historian, Mormon, lived some four ian for the construction of a map. west valley, on the west of the river hundred years after that time. A In Alma 22:27 Mormon gives a Sidon, and so down into the borders careful study of the book shows that description of the land ruled over of the land Manti." (Read verses most of the references to travel or by the king of the Lamanites in the 3 1 -42. ) From these passages we can geography are phrased in his words, year 90 B. C. He speaks of a "nar- be sure that near its head the Sidon not those of the original authors. row strip of wilderness, which ran flowed from south to north. After several years of study the from the sea east even to the sea That the Sidon still flowed from author is convinced that the Book west, and round about on the bor- south to north near Zarahemla is of Mormon contains sufficient infor- ders ... of the wilderness which was shown by Alma 2:15: "The Amli- mation for the student to construct on the north, by the land of Zara- cites came upon the hill Amnihu, a map of Zarahemla and its sur- hemla, through the borders of which was east of the river Sidon, rounding lands. Manti, by the head of the river which ran by the land of Zara- As the River Sidon played such Sidon, running from the east to- hemla." And in Alma 8:3 we read an important part in the history of wards the west—and thus were the that Alma went from Zarahemla to the Nephites, even until the days of Nephites and Lamanites divided." the "Land of Melek, on the west of Mormon, and was one great physical In this passage we learn three facts the river Sidon." feature of the land which remained about the Sidon, that its headwaters Apparently the Sidon flowed into unchanged during this period, it will, are in a narrow strip of wilderness the sea on the north as Alma 3:3 394 )

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938 speaks of the bones of the slain Lamanites whose bodies were LA N D thrown into the river as being "in DESOLATION! the depths of the sea." OT? MULEK To begin our skeleton map it is necessary to consider the land of Nephi, which includes in its general HAXTfOW NICK term all of the lands held by the OT LAN D Lamanites in the first century B. C. Here the first Nephite city was built by Nephi the son of Lehi. Nephi 5:6-17. From this city Mosiah went forth to discover the land of LAND Zarahemla. In the first century HET? MOUNTS to B. C. it was ruled by the Lamanites to WILDERNESS and was the land to which the sons UJ Alma z:36 of Mosiah went to preach the Gos- z pel. The extent of this Lamanite ft W AlnmS£'>6-Z7s kingdom is outlined by Mormon in « LAND OF Alma 22:27, and we have learned ZAR/AHEM1 AlnaSi;Z6» that it was separated from Zara- JE-RSHON ^ hemla by a narrow strip of wilderness which ran east and west from Morianton sea to sea. "And the land of Nephi Aixtasr.zz* did run in a straight course from the h \Ju

v. {RwfdcdwfL fiaptaauL bi^ (DobcdsL and, QmpsAmL £dtct

By JAMES L BARKER Head of the Department of Modem Languages at the University of Utah, and a member of the Gen- eral Board the Deseret Sunday School Union. of VALLEY OF THE KINGS FROM MT. OF OLIVES.

Moreover, you may be sure that I am it 'T'his people draweth nigh unto me with their professing the true faith in this letter, for mouth, and honoreth me with their lips; but our common Lord and brother, Demophilus, their heart is far from me. has deigned in his charity to expound to me your Catholic (Arian) faith, which was "But in vain they do worship me, teaching for also discussed and expounded at Sirmium doctrines the commandments of men." by many of our brethren and fellow bish- —Matthew 15:8, 9. ops and adopted by all who were present. This I have gladly accepted and in no particular have I gainsaid it and to it I have declared my assent. This I follow CONTINUED heads the list of those who sub- and this I uphold. I confidendy believe scribed the Nicene faith at the coun- that I may entreat your holiness, now that you behold me in hearty agreement with 359, Constantius called a gen- cil of Nicea, "was induced by long you, to put forth your efforts graciously INeral council to restore the peace the threats of the imprisonment and in common council and zeal, that I may of the church. The eastern bish- emperor ... to subscribe the Arian be released from banishment and return ops assembled at Seleucia and the formula of the second council of to the see which was once divinely en- 18 western bishops at Rimini in Italy. A Sirmium (357)." trusted to me. moderate Arian statement of faith, The banishment of Bishop Liber- A similar letter was sent to the drawn up at the headquarters of the ius of Rome occurred in 355 and Arian leaders: emperor at Sirmium, declared the the Arian Felix was elected, "by Liberius in exile to Ursacius, Valens Father and the Son to be similar antichristian wickedness" as Athan- and Germinius. Whereas I know you are sons of peace in all things ( kata panta ) according asius puts it, and ordained bishop of and love the concord and harmony of the to the scriptures, and the term ousia Rome. Catholic church (now Arian), therefore, rejected. (substance) was Under Bishop Liberius had stood with under no compulsion whatever,— as I call pressure of the emperor, who had firmness for Athanasius and the God to witness,—but for the sake of the blessing of peace and concord, which is first caused the expression in all Nicene faith, but he was unable to preferable to martyrdom, I approach you things to be dropped, the decision withstand banishment. In a letter to with this letter, my lords and dearest breth- was accepted by the western bishops Constantius, Liberius writes: "You, ren. I hereby inform your wisdom that at Rimini. Then, Constantius, with in your justice and clemency, can I had condemned Athanasius, who was bishop of the Alexandrian church, before threats and force, caused the west- decide whether it is right to assent I wrote to the court of the holy emperor ern bishops to sign the formula as 15 to their (the Arian) judgment." that I was sending a letter to the eastern modified by another council at Con- Another letter of Bishop Liberius bishops. And he has been cut off from the stantinople. Owing to division, the of Rome reads: communion of the Roman church, as all the priesthood of the Roman church is synod at Seleucia did not arrive at Liberius, to his dearly beloved brethren, witness. . . . Wherefore, I approach you it priests and fellow bishops of the East, any real conclusion. However, with this letter and adjure you, by Al- greeting. sent representatives to the emperor mighty God and Christ Jesus His Son, our ... I did not defend Athanasius but, compelled to accept God and Lord, to go graciously to our most and these were because predecessor, Bishop Julius of my clement emperor, Constantius, and ask that the symbol of faith and, after it had honorable memory, had received him, I was for the blessing of peace and concord, in afraid that I might be considered a traitor been modified by the council of Con- which his reverence always finds delight, in some sort. But when, by God's will, I stantinople (360), it was sent to he may order me to return to the church realized that you had been right in con- bishops everywhere for their divinely committed to me, so that in his the I straightway gave my assent demning him, time the Roman church may not endure signature under threats of exile. your judgment. ' And I delivered a let- to tribulation. By this letter you are to un- ter concerning him to our brother Fortu- Jerome says, "The whole world derstand fairly and honestly, dearest broth- natianus to carry to the emperor Con- groaned and was astonished to see ers, that I am at peace with all you bishops has been 19 stantius. So now that Athanasius of the Catholic church (now Arian). itself Arian." excluded from communion with all of us Even the deposed Athanasian and his official letters are no longer to be However, in defense of Liberius, I in peace (Nicene creed) bishops now sub- accepted by me, I assert that am Athanasius, History of the Arians, and harmony with you everyone and with scribed the Arian belief. 41, says, "But Liberius gave way, all the bishops of the east and throughout Hosius, bishop of Cordova, for- the provinces. after he had been two years in exile,

merly the ecclesiastical advisor of 16 15Letter in full in Shotwell and Loomis, The See Shotwell and Loomis, The See of Peter, pp. 581, Constantine and whose signature of Peter, pp. 556-563. 583-586. 396 ,

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938

and subscribed for fear of threat- Arianism, the pure doctrine of Arius From 379-395 Theodosius the ened death. Yet this shows only and the changing theories emitted by Great, though, except for three their violence and Liberius' hatred of the Eusebian party, were effectively years, not sole ruler, exercised the heresy and support of Athanasius ruined forever." 18 real power in both east and west. as long as he had a free choice. For Throughout the fourth and fifth Like all western emperors, he was that which men do under torture, centuries, the emperors frequently Athanasian; and he was the first em- against their original intention, decided in favor of one bishop as peror to be baptized in the Nicene ought not to be considered the will against another and approved or faith. He enacted more rigid pen- of these terrified persons but rather condemned doctrines: "In the edict alties against paganism and against 16 that of their tormentors." of the year 543 that emperor (Jus- all non-Athanasian Christian sects,

Yet Athanasius is not known to tinian ) condemned nine of Origen's henceforth termed heresies. "Soon have raised any objection to the propositions, and added his name to after his baptism, 380, he issued, in over-awing conduct of Constantine the list of heretics who were anathe- connection with his weak co-em- in the Nicene Council and the exer- matized by all bishops and abbots at perors, Gratian and Valentinian II., cise of imperial force in behalf of the time of their installation. In this to the inhabitants of Constantinople, the Nicene faith. The most famous wise Origen was numbered among then the chief seat of Arianism, the leaders of both parties did not ob- such heretics as Sabellius, Arius, and following edict:

ject to the use of force, provided others. . . . We, the three emperors, will, that all our subjects adhere to the religion which they benefited by it, and the most "After the decree condemning was taught by St. Peter to the Romans, famous fathers of the Athanasian Origen and his writings had been which has been faithfully preserved by tra- party later defended its use." published, the authorities immedi- dition, and which is now professed by the JQoth the Athanasian and the ately proceeded to put it into execu- pontiff Damascus of Rome, and Peter, bishop 18 of Alexandria, a man of apostolic holiness. Arian parties considered them- tion (by force)." According to the institution of the apostles 18 selves as constituting the "catholic Mourret, Les Peres de I'Egtise, p. 201. and the doctrine of the gospel, let us believe 19 Funk, A Manual Church History, p. 154. (that is, universal) church" and, in of in the one Godhead of the Father, the Son, Schaff, History of the Christian Church, vol. iii, p. and the Ghost, of fact, whichever party had the might 139: "In the ante-Nicene age, heresy and schism Holy equal majesty in . . . were met only in a moral way, by word and the Holy Trinity, We order that the ad- of the emperor behind it was the writing, and were punished with excommunication herents of this faith be called Catholic from the rights of the church. Justin Martyr, Ter- "catholic church." Had the emperor Christians; brand all the senseless tullian, and even Lacantantius were the first advocates we fol- always been Arian, the power of of the principle of freedom of conscience, and main- lowers of other religions with the infamous tained, against the heathen, that religion was essen- name of heretics, and forbid their conven- the state would have been used in tially a matter of free will, and could be promoted ticles assuming the name of churches. Be- continuous support of Arianism, and only by instruction and persuasion, not by outward force. All they say against the persecution of sides the condemnation of divine justice, Arianism would have been the or- Christians by the heathen applies in full to the they must expect the heavy penalties which persecution of heretics by the church. After the our authority guided by heavenly wisdom, thodox faith of the "catholic Nicene age all departures from the reigning state- shall think proper church," and Athanasianism or the church faith were not only abhorred and excommuni- to inflict. Cod. Theod. cated as religious errors, but were treated also as xvi, 1, 2. Nicene creed would have crimes against the Christian state, and hence were been In the course of fifteen years this heresy. punished with civil penalties; at first with deposition, banishment, confiscation, and, after Theodosius, even emperor issued at least fifteen penal However, the final and decisive with death." See Just. Mart. Apol. i. 2, 4, 12; Tectull, Apolog. c. 24, 28. (Continued on page 437) exercise of imperial might and au- Schaff, History of the Christian Church, vol. iii, peror convened the assembly, so, either in person thority p. 134: "The emperors after Constantine (as the or was in support of the Athan- popes after them) summoned the general councils, by means of commissioners, he maintained the public order. On account of the asian faith. bore the necessary expenses, presided in the councils popular excitement during or Nicene It was this sessions, through commissions, gave to the decisions in doctrine such this was not merely desirable, but exercise of imperial judgment, au- and discipline the force of law for the whole Roman absolutely necessary. At their close the Emperor empire, and maintained them by their authority. The ratified the Synodical canons, imparting to them in thority and power—not divine reve- this way a legal force. ... In no General Council emperors nominated or confirmed the most influential of this period were the Popes ever present lation nor guidance, unless indeed metropolitans and patriarchs. They took part in all in person. . . . By the votes of their Legates the Popes consented theological disputes. . . . They protected orthodoxy the use of violence was divinely and punished heresy with the arm of power. Often, to the decrees . . , the Imperial ratification imme- guided however, they took the heretical side, and banished diately following the formularization of the canons though inconsistent—that their and the closure of the Synod, and therefore before orthodox bishops from sees." any further confirmation from determined the fundamental Chris- Funk-Perciballi (Catholic), Manual of Church His- the Pope could have tory, 1, p. 198: "With regard to the constitution been obtained; whereas on the theory of subsequent Papal tian beliefs, or at least dogmas, for of the General Synods, it was the Emperor who called approbation the Papal confirmation would necessarily have preceded that of the Emperor." many centuries to come. them together, and this corresponds with their character as Synods of the Empire . . . and as the Em- For a period of eighteen years VALLEY OF JEH0S0PHAT FROM MT. OF OLIVES. after the death of Constantius in 361 the fortunes of the parties varied with the vacillating support of the emperors: for two years until his death the pagan emperor Julian tried to restore the pagan worship; then the Nicene faith was renewed in the west. "Gratian (375-378) did not show himself any less hostile to Arian heresy (in the west) than to paganism; and one could believe,

after the tragic death of Valens ( the Arian emperor of the Eastern Em- pire) at the battle of Adrianople in 378, that the cause of Arianism was

lost forever. . . . "The two primitive forms of

"Schaff, History of the Christian Church, vol. iii, p. 145: "Soon after (Augustine), Leo the Great, the first representative of consistent, exclusive, universal papacy, advocated even the penalty of death for heresy." 397 Beckoning She thought of the radio but that might disturb the sleeping man. She would have liked to go in the field and drive one of the mowing ma- roads chines. That, too, was taboo. Life had become more complicated these last two weeks. As if in answer to her wish there came to her ears a By DOROTHY CLAPP ROBINSON short, impudent blast from an automobile horn. She looked up ex- pectantly. THE STORY THUS FAR: Nancy Chapter Six "It's the crowd!" She dropped her Porter and Peter Hohecson, two book and sprang to her feet. By the marriageable and very-much-in-love young time Lynn had stopped the car she people of a rural Mormon community, was there to open the door for them. found themselves anticipating "their spring" T,.he next week was one —the spring in which they, with others They greeted her with an affection of the hardest Nancy ever spent, and of their friends, had decided to go to the born of years of intimacy. Temple to be married at June Conference the loneliest. On his return from "You darling." Vera held her at time. But seemingly poor agricultural Blaine the day after Peter's visit to arm's length. "You're positively prospects and accumulated debt caused the ranch Reid had pointedly ignored a high-principled and cautious beautiful. Getting away has done Peter, her. It was evident he sensed what young man, to postpone the marriage un- something to you. If Hans Peter the letter to the bank had meant. til "better times." Questioning his motives Holverson could only see you now." Was it anything to do with her if and his wisdom, and in the anger of her "Why didn't you bring him?" disappointment, Nancy impulsively served Mr. Wood had made it possible for notice on her betrothed that the "post- Pete to borrow the money to pay his "We intended to but he was not ponement" would be permanent and the son? Was she at fault if his victory at Sunday School and we came di- The embarrass- "engagement was off." were not a victory after all? Ap- rectly from there." ment was intensified by the fact that parently he thought so. He pointed- "Then you have not eaten?" two couples of "their crowd," Mark and ly courted Miss Meade's attention Phyllis, and Lynn and Vera, who were "Yes. We have," Phyllis told and Nancy was once again just the apparently less economically prepared for her. "We stopped at our place and book-keeper. that she marriage, decided to go through with their Not minded ate." plans notwithstanding. And so these two that, she told herself; but she had Vera had dropped to the lawn. parted, with hopes postponed—or aban- nearly given up her position because "This is heavenly," she said and doned. Living in a discouraged home with of that letter and Pete was as indif- a chronically and seriously ill father, dis- the others sat beside her. ferent as a stranger would have "We couraged younger brothers, and a work- thought," she continued to Nancy, been. He had not come back as worn mother, who held tenaciously to prin- "that Pete had already come over ciples and ideals, Nancy became rebellious he had promised nor had he sent here." and determined to better her situation. any word. Her knowledge of the Through a chain of favorable circumstances, outcome of the affair was mostly "We're missing you," Phyllis was she finally secured a temporary job as guesswork gleaned from Reid's at- studying her closely. "You didn't commissary-keeper a huge ranching op- of titude and some loud words she had mean what you said Easter Sunday, eration in a nearby section of the country. heard him shout at his father. Then did you? About you and Pete, I Reid Wood, young, impatient, city-bred mean?" son of the ranch owner-operator, called to one day Mr. Wood had spoken to take her to her new assignment. The trip her. "Certainly she meant it," Vera was made; the job was reached. There answered. "Say, young lady, did you mail was something about Reid Wood that she that letter I "Tell me about your trip." Nancy wanted to remember. There was something wrote?*' turned the talk from herself. "This about Peter Holverson that she couldn't "Reid mailed it. He went to town There was some resentment be- is the first time I have seen you forget: that morning." tween Reid Wood and his father that she since you were married." couldn't understand. And so she found "Huh. Seems I can't even write herself among cross-currents with a job to my bank without my own son get- on her hands and heavy thoughts in her V ERA launched into a ting suspicious. Guess I know my mind. With the passing days she found lively description of the sights they own business." looked sternly herself liking her job and her surround- He had seen, the fun they had had, with ings, and found herself drawing near to the at her as if defying her thought. a vivid account of a flat tire and kindly inner nature of her employer, father Ben Wood—and found her thoughts often One Sunday Nancy was sitting on the length of time it had taken the drifting to his restless son, Reid, with whom the lawn reading. Miss Meade and boys to fix it. All in all it had been she rode and talked, learning something of Reid Wood had gone away horse- a very satisfactory trip. "The only the cause of his restless discontent. A back. Mrs. Chris was in Blaine fly in the ointment," she ended, "was serious accident to Mr. Ben Wood put his son Reid in charge of the ranching opera- with her husband, and Mr. Wood having to merely look at all the per- tion, under which responsibility he showed was supposed to be sleeping. There fectly gorgeous dresses. I tried on some signs of commendable leadership and was a humming undertone of sum- at least a thousand." some signs of possessive arrogance. Nancy mer in the air about her. From the "You could get just as nice ones soon learned that her former sweetheart, Peter Holverson, was under serious financial fields came the faintly rhythmic in Blaine," Phyllis reminded her. obligation to the Woods—and that young clicking of mowing machines. Even "But that is different." Wood intended to force payment. The on Sunday the work went on here. "How is it they have water intrusion a presumptuous nurse. Miss of She let her book drop. Why must enough over here?" Lynn asked sud- Meade, employed to care for Mr. Wood, she alone? kind of weather "I like the looks of these further complicated an already difficult be This denly. situation. was meant to be shared, not endured. fields and this valley. It has been 398 " —"

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938

flutterly little Vic being sick of mar- "If you are so keen about money," ried life." Nancy asked her, "why did you marry Lynn?" "Vera." Constant Phyllis was shocked. The black eyes scowled. "Don't get personal. I am telling you what "Oh, don't be so righteous, Phil. to do." They all laughed and after I'm sick of living in someone else's that they felt better. house. What do we get married for if it isn't to have a home of our own?" — iNlANCY had brought them "But you were anxious sandwiches and a cold drink and they were preparing to leave when "Don't rub it in." Her voice turned wavery. "I've worked on next Nancy remembered Phyl's remark about work. that woman-killing farm until I never want to hear of work again." "Mark," she said. "They want another steady man here. I heard "And I worry about the absence the cook telling about it this morn- of work." ing." "What do you mean?" Nancy de- — "That would be a break," Lynn manded. haven't lost "You your turned to him. "Why don't you "No. But Mark hasn't any work." try?"

"I will. I'll over first They fell silent. Marrying had come the solved some problems and created thing in the morning." others. Perhaps life, after all, was Phyllis put her hand on his arm. a succession of problems to be "Shouldn't you see about it now?" solved. "But they told us out yonder the "How are things over home?" boss was gone." "We'll wait." Lynn wasn't going "Like they always are. Out your to let Mark miss his chance for way it is terrible. We're leaving." work. "Let's ride up to the head "What do you mean?" of the valley. Come on."

"Exactly what I said. It's the Nancy hesitated. "I will if Mr. parting of the ways for us and the Wood is asleep." She went to his farm. Why people can be stupid door and looked in. Coming back enough to stay on one is beyond me. she told them, "Get in the car. I'll Lynn doesn't know it yet but we are be with you in a moment." She went leaving." back to the kitchen by the com- REID ROSE OUT OF THE — missary. "Now," she said when she DARK TO OPEN THE "But " Nancy began. SCREEN FOR HER. "YOU was in the car with them, "I can FINALLY RETURNED?" HE "I know all the reasons, darling. BARKED. go in peace. Jim says he will listen I hear them every hour of the day. for Mr. Wood. But the nurse But if there is anything more un- should be back before long." She two or three years since I was over certain about a pay check than there sat in the back with Mark and is about the weather you tell me." here." Phyllis. they "I think—" "They haven't. The men say As they neared the head of the will be a hundred tons of hay short. "I know that one, too. On a farm valley the vegetation seemed greener Mr. has a reservoir of his always eat Wood own you have something to and more inviting, though every- in the hills back of here." providing the woman hoes the gar- where, as on Big Smokey, there or three hours a day. Well, "I've got to get out somewhere," den two were evidences of the lack of rain. Lynn went on. "There isn't land I never was keen about eating. I'd Lynn drove slowly. He was watch- a bath tub. I'd as soon enough on our place for Dad and sooner have ing the fields on both sides of the -" all us boys. I'd like— worry about little bills as big ones. road. Of course, a place like this one "Have you really decided that?" "Don't I wish I could have had would be different. You're crazy, his wife turned her head and looked the chance these men had when they Nancy, if you ever leave it." pointedly at him. came to this valley." "What do you mean?" "Yep." Lynn rose and spoke to "What do you mean chance?" his "Isn't there an unattached male Mark. "Let's look around." wife demanded. "It looks like a around here?" "Okay." Mark rose lazily. dumb place to me." "Vera, please." Vera watched their retreating fig- "I mean the chance to take up a "My, my, modest are ures. "It is a good thing he has how we homestead with free range on all come to his senses." these days. You fish. Any man sides. No wonder Mr. Wood made will be lucky to get you." "Vera." a fortune." "But there is Pete," Phyllis cried. To their dismay brittle Vera burst "Some of them haven't done so into tears. Nancy put her arms about "Honestly, Phyl, you are too well," Mark said, as they passed a the shaking shoulders. "Don't cry." loyal to be true. If Nancy must long, low log cabin that was surely The girl shook herself and sat up choose between two evils why not a derelict of the past. determinedly. "What a laugh. The take the comfortable one." (Continued on page 442) 399 THE LORD'S WAY OUT OF BONDAGE

By LE ROI C SNOW lt)oA. not ihsL wjcu^ jd$L msttL Of the Church Historian' s Office

UT FAITHFULNESS TO THE LAW OF TITHING B OPENED THE WINDOWS OF HEAVEN.

HPhe one-hundredth anniversary of the revelation on tithing given July

8, 1838, recalls Lorenzo Snow's di-

vinely directed mission to> St. George T in the late nineties which pointed the

way for the Church and its people out of financial bondage.

Lorenzo Snow was inhis eighty- fifth year when President Wil- ford Woodruff died. Men usually seek retirement long before they reach this advanced age. They rarely welcome burdens of responsibility so late in life. It was generally understood, both by the Latter- day Saints and by non-members of the Church, that Lorenzo Snow, who was then president of the Coun- cil of the Twelve Apostles, would be PORTRAIT OF LO- the successor to President Wood- RENZO SNOW AS IT ruff. However, there were some APPEARED HANG- who believed, at the time, that he ING IN THE SALT would not accept this position. LAKE TEMPLE IN The responsibilities of Church 1901. leadership were very great. A combination of circumstances had so involved the Church, politically and financially, that embarrassment and distress faced the people. Great problems awaited solution. Unusual leadership was required. The situation demanded the greatest energy mine, but as God's administration stead of the Latter-day Saints being and strength. Was Lorenzo Snow through me." moneylenders they had tended to equal to it? Many years had passed since his participation in financial The day after President John become "hewers of wood and draw- affairs. He had not recently been Taylor's funeral, proceedings for the ers of water." They were truly in identified with large business enter- confiscation of Church property bondage; the heavy yoke of indebt- prises. His entire time was occupied were begun in the United States edness was fastened about their in temple work, and he was rather Court. All the property of the necks. Under present changed inclined to spiritual than to business Church was seized and for nearly conditions it is difficult to realize pursuits. ten years tedious and expensive liti- fully the humiliating financial posi- President Snow, after his call to gation continued. Then, too, for sev- tion which the Church occupied at the Presidency, humbly admitted eral years the General Authorities that time. Hundreds of thousands that he did not know just what he had been compelled, by prosecution of dollars in past-due obligations would do; but he was confident that under the Edmunds-Tucker law, to were presented for payment and the Lord would show him, and he remain from home. Therefore, dur- could not be met. I well remember placed such dependence upon the ing this period, the business inter- my father's approaching his chief promptings of God's spirit, and was ests of the Church suffered greatly. clerk, James Jack, with the words: so sure that he would follow those These are but two of the several "Brother Jack, we must raise some instructions that he said: "My ad- contributing causes which brought money. Go through all the secur- ministration will not be known as about serious financial distress. In- ities we have and see if you cannot 400 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938

fice, father informed Secretary was made in 26 hours, had never be- George F. Gibbs of the contem- fore been traveled in so short a time. plated trip to St. George. Brother There were twelve conveyances in Gibbs at once asked how soon Pres- the party, and the drive, by team, ident Snow expected to leave and from Modena to St. George was who would be in the party. The made in nine hours. reply was that he would leave just President Snow stood the trip as soon as arrangements could be exceptionally well, but was very made, and that he would take as tired on reaching St. George. He many of the General Authorities as was at once taken to the home of could be spared from the important President Daniel D. McArthur for work at home. entertainment during the visit. Feel- All necessary arrangements were ing the need of rest he decided to re- made, teams and carriages were sent tire early. He entered the room; ahead to Modena, the terminus at mother followed him, and I followed that time of the Salt Lake Route, and her. As I closed the door and on Monday afternoon, May 15, turned towards father, I noticed that 1899, the following party left Salt he was very weak and hardly able Lake City in the private Pullman to walk. I hurried to his side and sleeper "Montana," the first Pull- assisted him to a couch. Just as he man car over the Salt Lake Route, reached the couch, he fainted. I tendered to President Snow by Mr. quickly got some water; we rubbed af- THE TABERNACLE AT ST. GEORGE Bancroft of the Oregon Short Line: it on his forehead and wrists and President Lorenzo Snow and wife, ter a few moments he regained con- President sciousness, opened his eyes and find something that we can sell to Minnie J. Snow, Joseph raise some money." F. Smith and wife, Alice K. Smith; looked about the room. He closed President Franklin D. Richards and his eyes again and we knew that he "Because of the great number of wife, Jane S. Richards; Elder Fran- was resting. Not wishing to disturb creditors who presented their de- cis M. Lyman (who joined the party him, we remained quiet, not speaking mands, and because of the vast at Provo) and wife; Elder Owen a word, although we were very much amount of indebtedness, father often Woodruff and wife; Presiding worried about his condition. referred to the conditions as "the Bishop William B. Preston; W. B. bottomless pit," and "the unfathom- Dougall; President Seymour B. A fter about fifteen or twenty min- able deep." Much of this indebted- Young, Arthur Winter, Race Whit- utes father got up from the ness, which aggregated about two ney, reporter for the Salt Lake Her- couch and began walking up and millions of dollars, was drawing ten ald, and the writer, reporting for the down the room. He had the most per cent interest. Deseret News. Others were with painful and anxious expression on The first step President Snow the party during part of the trip, but his face that I had ever seen, and he took in Church finances was to issue the above are all who made the en- must have been going through in- a million dollars in six per cent tire journey, only three of whom are tense mental suffering. After pac- bonds, thus not only greatly reduc- now living, Elder Arthur Winter, ing up and down the floor several ing the interest rate, but removing, Alice K. Smith, and the writer. times, he commenced talking aloud temporarily, the immediate demand The party reached Modena early as follows: "Why have I come to of creditors. However, this did not the next morning, Tuesday, May St. George, and why have I brought decrease the indebtedness of the 16, and started on the long, rough, so many of the Church authorities, Church—it simply postponed final and rocky road to St. George, nearly when we are so much needed at payment. How was this tremendous seventy miles distant. The roads home to look after the important af- obligation, which had been accumu- were extremely rough and the trip fairs of the Church? Haven't I made lating for many years, to be paid? was very trying on all the members a mistake? Why have I come here?" One prominent business man pre- of the party. The distance from When the Lord instructed his sented a plan to solicit contributions Salt Lake City to St. George, which servant to go to St. George the pur- from the entire Church membership. (Continued on page 439) GENERAL VIEW OF ST. GEORGE He suggested a One Thousand A Dollar Club to include all who would contribute one thousand dollars each, a Five Hundred Dollar Club, etc.; but President Snow shook his head and said: "No, that is not the Lord's plan." The Lord had not yet shown his servant just how the problem was to be solved, but he revealed the plan a little later. One morning my father said he was going to St. George in Southern Utah. I was much surprised at the thought of his making this long and hard trip. Mother expressed con- siderable surprise, but asked no questions. Upon entering the President's of- 401 THE COLOR OF COURAGE A SHORT SHORT STORY By BETH HARMON

terrupted Emily sharply. And Susie, still blank and bewildered, took her sister's hand. Kinney's Emily flushed. Her reply was That evening to Miss quickly forgotten when young Asa humble boarding-place came Lucy the burst breathlessly into the school with the blue curtain, Amy with room. flour sack, and—marvel of marvels with seven strips of bright "Have you heard the news?" he —Emily shouted, knowing only too well that red calico! right, ain't it, Kin- no one had. "Well, the President's "Seven's Miss ney?" asked Emily brightly. "When wife is comin' to Lone Ridge to see I 'em I kept a-sayin' over the Eagle Dam! The man that tends cut we'll sing tomorrow, 'Six white the railroad crossin' says her train song ' stripes and seven pretty red ones.' stops here for certain—tomorrow!" "And tomorrow's Flag Day!" "Emily, does your mother know these?" Miss Miss Kinney reminded the children you brought asked "EMILY, DOES YOUR Kinney anxiously. MOTHER KNOW YOU happily. "The First Lady may ask ma'am," honest Emily re- BROUGHT THESE?" to see our school. usually does, "Yes, ASKED MISS KINNEY She plied. "And she says I can help you ANXIOUSLY. I understand, whenever her time permits." sew a spell if you want me to." ." "But that old flag . . persisted little Susie. /\t dawn the next day all T.he one-room school had "Couldn't we make a new flag?" Lone Ridge was agog. The Pres- been dismissed for the day. Martha suggested Emily timidly. "It ain't ident's wife was due at noon. Al- Kinney patiently listened to her pu- fittin' to let the First Lady see such ready the local people thronged the pils rehearse their Flag Day recita- an old one!" tracks. tions and sing the familiar patriotic "A flour sack would do for the The hours dragged on. Babies songs. Finally it came time for little stars and white stripes," suggested cried fretfully and their silent elders Emily to say her piece. Lovingly a practical youngster named Amy. shifted uneasily. Then all at once the girl grasped the weather-beaten "My ma'll let me bring one." she was there among them, smiling school flag in her hands and began, "My ma's got a blue curtain that and nodding her friendly greeting. ." "Red is for courage . . she might let me have," added a fair- The officials from Eagle Dam "That flag is pretty old and torn, haired girl named Lucy. fussily escorted her on her tour of ain't it?" observed Emily's younger "But what about red?" asked Asa. inspection. Then straight to the sister Susie. "Yes, what about red?" echoed schoolhouse she was led by the "Yes, it is," the teacher agreed the others. eager children, who sang the na- thoughtfully, "but still it is our coun- "Nobody's got red," spoke up tional anthem more lustily than they try's emblem." Lucy emphatically. "Nobody buys had ever sung before. In her heart Miss Kinney wished red. It runs somethin' awful in the An awkward hush followed, until she herself had the price of the new wash!" the honored guest took her seat on flag which the Board really could not "You gotta have red," insisted the rickety platform. Then, one by afford. Ever since she had come to Asa. one, the children sang their songs the hill country to teach, she had "Sure, you gotta have red," re- and spoke their pieces. known nothing but scrimp and save, peated Amy. "Doesn't Emily's piece At last came Emily's turn. She her small salary always long over- say, 'Red is for Courage'?" advanced gingerly to the front, due. It was as if Lone Ridge The children left for home with proudly bearing before her a gleam- school, like the sparse, worn-out the question of red still unsettled. ing new flag. land which supported it, begrudged Emily and her sister were the last to The children gasped. The First the few dollars required to give its go. At the door Emily whispered Lady smiled her encouragement. children even the rudiments of an shyly: Triumphantly Emily touched a bril- education. "Maybe I can get the red stuff, liant red stripe and began: Emily still stood regarding the Miss Kinney." "Red is for courage." school flag silently. Susie overheard, and eyed her She spoke the last line in a clear, "Are you a-thinkin' of that new sister in blank astonishment. "Emily! ringing voice. The place thundered dress you're aimin' to wear at the You ain't a-gonna . . . You could- with applause. The First Lady her- > ii exercises, Emily?" teased one of the n t. . . . self stood up and kissed the child's girls. "You come along home, Sis," in- (Concluded on page 438) 402 "DICKENS' BOYS //

UJjUUcwl dlahhi&ML Qulmsui,

Juwiv/l aha a&. "(BiUbf iPuL

By HELEN MILLER LEHMAN WILLIAM HARRISON CULMER

This incident led to the inclusion of "Billy the Cartwheeler" in an inhis tiny room in a fraternal Palace, he headed one of the groups timate group of young proteges IN of the 25,000 boys who made up the home in northern California, sits Dick- chorus. Mr. Dickens was one of which became known as "The a white-haired, pink-cheeked old ens' Boys." the patrons of the Fair, and it was man—William Harrison Culmer. there that he first came in contact He speaks of other days, not as with "Billy the Cartwheeler." At one time when Billy had been many old men babble of the past, Arriving early at rehearsal one called to meet his benefactor, but with a virility of expression, a day, Dickens encountered Billy turn- Dickens kept the appointment in youthful flash of humor, and an ing his cartwheels down the cor- company with William Wilkie Col- amazing accuracy for detail. He ridor. Finding himself with an audi- lins, the peer of all detective writers, has been a maker of history, and ence, the child quickly left off cart- who later became the novelist's son- although his days of physical ac- wheeling, and stood innocently gaz- in-law. tivity are past, he is still alert and ing at a great oil painting on the "And is this your boy?" Collins keenly interested in present-day wall. Noticing the resemblance be- asked. world events. tween the picture and the man who In 1852, Mr. Culmer was born "Not my son," was the reply, "but had approached (for the portrait on the Bay of Naples aboard a three- one of my boys," and it was in this truly was of Dickens ) , the boy cov- fashion masted schooner of which his father that Mr. Culmer was always ered his embarrassment by plunging introduced. one time, for three was the skipper. The land home of At into conversation. Culmer well months, a house guest at the the family was within a stone's he was knew his Oliver Twist, which was home of the novelist. throw of the great London docks, in then being hawked on the street quarters over the Hagenback Zoo. The Culmer family also main- corners each Saturday noon, at one To these humble rooms came such tained a close friendship with Oscar penny each installment of the serial. men as Charles Dickens, the novel- B. Young, then an ordinary mis- "It's a very good picture of you, ist, and Oscar B. Young, the sixth sionary, who had been sent abroad Mr. Dickens, and I know the exact son of Brigham Young. to assist his elder brother, Brigham chimney where Bill Sykes hung." As a boy, Culmer was better Young, Jr., in the work of the Eu- Staggered by hearing the boy say known as "Billy the Cartwheeler," ropean Mission of the Church of he knew the exact location of some- the title having been given him as Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, thing which, of course, never existed, the result of a competitive contest with headquarters in Liverpool. he asked: "Where did you say that in the Crystal Palace, London, be- In 1863, the Culmers, who were was?" cause of his ability to turn one hun- loyal Mormon converts, crossed the "Do you know where the Gray- dred consecutive cartwheels, which Atlantic in the emigrant ship hound Bridge is, Sir?" continued exceeded the performance of any Hudson, an 800 ton barque twice Billy. other boy in England. The iron condemned as unseaworthy. Sev- "Indeed, yes," was the reply. strength of his wrists to this day enty days were required for the "Well, Sir, do you know the big testifies to his prowess. crossing. Trans-shipping from New redbrick house on the other side of His autobiography, now in the York in cattle cars, they were joined the race?" hands of a London publisher, is en- at the Missouri River by westward- "Yes." titled "Billy the Cartwheeler," con- bound immigrant groups numbering "And the big chimney on top of taining reminiscences of Charles about one thousand persons from it? The only chimney on the Dickens and the London Slums of eastern Europe and our own south- house?" his day, "by the last of the Dickens' ern states. Many were en route to "Yes, the only chimney on the Boys." Utah, others to the California gold redbrick house." His impish personality and pre- fields. cociousness easily won him promi- "Well, it was right there that Bill The journey was an eventful one; nence. He stood at the head of his Sykes hung," triumphantly an- Indians were encountered at North class of two hundred seventy boys nounced the lad. Platte, Whiskey Gap, and Cache in the Ragged School which he at- "Well, well," chuckled Dickens, Junction. Culmer mentions with tended, and, when the World's Fair "isn't it strange? I had almost for- pride that he was given a cayuse as of 1862 was staged at the Crystal gotten where it was myself." {Concluded on page 436) 403 The story of our

By GEORGE D. PYPER Hymns General Superintendent of the Deseret Sunday School Union and First Assist- '.lilt The Tune and Its Composer ant Chairman of the Church Music Committee The tune for this devotional hymn has been made popular as the theme or signature of the coast-to-coast xxx. 'Ssmih^ iiohsL KSL-Columbia network broadcast of the Tabernacle choir each Sunday ihsL S^cAiui SihoitL morning. It was selected from 421 hymns contained in Latter-day Saint Words by WILLIAM W. PHELPS Hymns. The composer was the late Thomas C. Griggs, an English con- Music by THOMAS C. GRIGGS vert to the Church of Jesus Christ THOMAS C. GRIGGS T'his hymn, used by the Salt Lake arriving in Salt Lake City, Septem- Tabernacle Choir as a theme GENTLY RAISE THE SACRED ber 13, 1861. He played in song for its nationwide broadcast, John STRAIN Eardley's and Mark Croxall's which begins its tenth year on the bands. During the early sixties he air this month, was written by the By William W. Phelps was employed by Walker Brothers early Church poet, William W. in their branch home at Camp Floyd. Phelps, a short sketch of whose Gently raise the sacred strain, There he joined a class in vocal life was printed in The Improve- For the Sabbath's come again, That man may rest, training and became leader of the ment Era for March, 1937. It And return his thanks to God, choir at that place. He dated his was included in the collection For His blessings to the blest. career as a choir leader from that made by Emma Smith in 1835 time. Returning to Salt Lake City under divine authority. There Holy day, devoid of strife; he joined the Tabernacle Choir and is no dramatic story known con- Let us seek eternal life, That great reward, sang under five of the leaders-—C. cerning the origin of the hymn. It J. And partake the Sacrament Thomas, Robert Sands, Ebenezer was no doubt written while Brother In remembrance of our Lord. Beesley, George Careless, and Evan Phelps was under the spell of the Stephens. In April, 1880, while on Sabbath and the solemn sacrament. Sweetly swells the solemn sound, a mission to Great Britain, he was It expresses gratitude for the return While we bring our gifts around Of broken hearts, named as conductor of the Taber- of the day of rest and its attendant And a willing sacrifice, nacle Choir, with Ebenezer Beesley blessings, thoughts on eternal life, Showing what His grace imparts. as his assistant who conducted dur- the great reward, and the day of ing Brother Griggs' absence. Upon sacrament in remembrance of the Happy type of things to come, his return, Brother Griggs graciously Lord, a day for gifts of broken When the Saints are gathered home, To praise the Lord, suggested that Brother Beesley con- hearts and willing sacrifices—a type In eternity of bliss, tinue as conductor with himself as of blessed things to come, when the All as one with sweet accord. assistant, and that was done. For Saints will be gathered in eternity, ten years previous to his mission to praise God in sweet accord. It Holy, holy is the Lord, and two years upon his return, he sings of repentance and forgiveness, Precious, precious is His word; Repent and live; directed the Fifteenth Ward Choir, enjoins all to fast and pray, as God Though your sins be crimson red, then one of the best in Salt Lake ordains, for his goodness and his Oh, repent, and He'll forgive. City. love while the Sabbath remains. From 1874 to 1891, Elder Griggs Softly sing the joyful lay, For the Saints to fast and pray! was superintendent of the Fifteenth As God ordains. Ward Sunday School and from For His goodness and His love, 1891 to 1901 superintendent of the While the Sabbath day remains. Salt Lake Stake. In 1889, he was sustained as a member of the Deseret Sunday School Union Board which of Latter-day Saints. He was born position he held until his death. He in the town of Dover, County of and Brother Beesley compiled the Kent. Shortly after his baptism first Deseret Sunday School Song May 17, 1856, he and his mother Book and assisted in the compilation emigrated to America, arriving in of the Latter-day Saints Psalmody. Boston, July 11, 1857. It was here In May, 1900, he was named busi- he first became interested in music, ness manager for the Union, which joining a brass band in that city. position he held until his death. He At the close of the Civil War, was an indefatigable worker and mother and son crossed the plains in did much to improve music in the WILLIAM W. PHELPS Captain Joseph Home's Company, Church. He died August 12, 1903. 404 iphjoloqhafduxL dtiqhliqhLiu 1$ ihsL Qwul Qoft^MnoL 1. Mass dance of 1,000 couples on the Saltair Pavilion, under the direction 6. National Boy Scout Leaders at M. I. A. Conference gathered at the of the M. I. A. Brigham Young Monument. Left to right: Raymond O. Hansen, Dr. 2. Canadian delegates, Scouts from McGrath District Council, in a mo- Ray O. Wyland, and Edward L. Curtis. ment of relaxation. Left, David Anderson, right, Jay Christensen. 7. Welcoming Canadian Delegates. Left to right: Superintendent May 3. M. I. A. Conference Principals: Left to right: Augustus D. Zanzig, Anderson, of the Primary Association; LeGrand Piepgrass, king scout director of the Music Festival; Miss Myrtle Leonard, guest soloist; of Canada; Charles S. Matkin, Boy Scout Commissioner of Canada; President Heber Grant. J. Superintendent George Q. Morris, of the Y. M. M. I. A.; and President 4. Pres. Lucy G. Cannon of the Y. I. A., W. M. and Supt. George Q. Lucy G. Cannon of the Y. W. M. I. A. Morris of the Y. M. M. I. A., en route to one of the convention meetings. 8. Scouts of the Salt Lake Council Impressively Carry American Flags 5. Part of the crowd gathered for the Summer Institute at Memory Grove, as they drill in the University Stadium in Preparation for the Cavalcade City Creek Canyon. of Scouting. By CARLTON CULMSEE Slavery Of Brigham Young Universitv CAUSED AN DIAN WAR N UTAH

: Jtah's first serious trouble between Whites and Redmen grew out of slave traffic and began eight years before the Civil War broke out.

Lee at Fort Harmony. He also de- Walker looms head and shoulders clared the Piedes cut pickets as well above the rest of Utah's Indian as white men could. leaders. He was called "king of the What destroyed this happy part- Indians in these mountains" by nership in many areas was, to a Brigham Young. His name brought significant extent, the disapproval shivers to Indians and even whites with which the Latter-day Saints from New Mexico to California, so viewed the slave traffic between the boldly and swiftly did he strike. He Indians and the Mexicans. In the ranged as far south as Sonora and footsteps of Fathers Dominguez and Chihuahua. He rode north to fight Escalante had come less unselfish the Snakes and Shoshones. Once, Spaniards. These later comers for example, he raided ranches in bought squaws and children which Southern California and came trot- the Utes captured from weaker ting home with a thousand captured BRIGHAM YOUNG tribes. horses thundering before him as This traffic brought the two most proof of his triumph. brought on a war in powerful and picturesque figures of Slavery earliest Utah history into conflict. f^ESPiTE occasional protestations Utah eight years before the As governor and Indian superin- of friendship, Walker had Civil early strug- War. This tendent of the Territory of Utah, wanted to fight the Mormons from is other reasons. gle interesting for Brigham Young forbade the slave the beginning. But Sowiette, the It was Utah's first sustained conflict trade because it violated the laws of good chief, had twice thwarted him between the Pioneers and the In- the territory and often placed guns by withholding needed support and dians. And, differing from most and ammunition in the hands of un- by warning the whites. frontier fighting, it apparently grew ruly tribes. As a far-roving and Also Walker had held sporadic out of white men's kindness to the successful war chief who often took hopes of making the Mormons his the redmen. captives, Chief Walker approved allies against rival tribes. But At the beginning of 1853 the good the trade for what it brought him treatment that the Mormons gave and his under-chiefs. He wanted FORT UTAH, SALT LAKE VALLEY the Indians seemed productive only Rows of cabins with log palisades filling gaps no interference. between formed some of the first forts in Utah. of good. Many redmen, after one or two minor outbreaks, were labor- ing diligently and even happily to help the whites become established in the Basin of the Great Salt Lake. As late as the spring of '53 Brigham Young received such morsels of news as this from various nooks of the new Territory:

The Walkers (Indians) work first rate; you can see them all over Nephi carrying water, chopping wood, assisting to haul wood, and doing other duties. They had helped much in harvesting crops the previous autumn.

The natives . . . look upon us as men that are sent by the Great Spirit to amelior- ate their present though wretched con-

dition . . . They herd our flocks and faith-

fully labor. . . .

This report came from John D. 406 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938

They did not all leave the Terri- the Spanish Trail and could not be tory. Some skulked about, inciting overtaken. On the way north from the Indians against the Pioneers. Parowan, Huntington found that They no doubt ascribed the action Chief Peteetneet and his band had of the Mormons to selfish motives. gone up Provo canyon to wait and They probably pointed out that the "see how the battle went." What Mormons themselves had purchased battle? Something was in the air. Indian children. Another ominous hint came late This was true. Several times In- in April, 1853. Visiting Provo on dians had attempted to barter cap- the twentieth, Brigham Young was tive children to the settlers for guns brusquely accosted by a stranger and other articles. And they usually who demanded a private interview. succeeded in driving a bargain when Suspicious, the governor refused. they made it clear that rejection Later he learned that the man was a often meant torture or slow starva- former New Yorker who had lived tion for the children. On at least in Mexico for several years and had two occasions, young captives were come here to buy Indian children to tortured at the very doors of the trade to the Mexicans.

ZERUBBABEL SNOW, JUDGE OF THE FIRST DIS- settlers who had declined to buy When reminded that such traffic TRICT COURT, BEFORE WHOM PEDRO LEON AND them. And the whites, at last un- was contrary to law, the stranger HIS BAND WERE FOUND GUILTY OF SLAVE TRADING. able to endure the shrieks of the had impudently retorted that victims, paid what the captors "Catching comes before hanging." when he proposed such an alliance asked. "He made some threats and to Brigham Young, he met a firm Nevertheless, the cunning words boasted that he had four hundred refusal that infuriated him. and the sneers of the Spaniards Mexicans on the Sevier awaiting his Then Brigham Young interfered seemed to be having effect, at least order," reported Governor Young. in the slave trade. A score of Span- on the chiefs who profited from the Could this be true? Brigham iards, led by a certain Pedro Leon, traffic. A hint of trouble came early Young did not think so. But know- had appeared in Sanpete valley late in the spring of 1853. An express ing was better than guessing. In in 1851 and had begun trading arrived in Salt Lake City from Iron a proclamation issued at Provo on horses and other valuables for In- county with news that Chief Walker April 23, 1853, he struck at the slave dian children and firearms. Their had met white men pursuing Indian trade and ordered Captain W. M. intention was to sell the youngsters thieves. The chief had placed him- Wall with a detachment of thirty into slavery in Mexico and to trade self in the path of the posse and with men to ride southward "through the the weapons to the truculent Nava- a menacing manner had told them to entire extent of the settlements, re- jos. They sometimes sold guns to go home. connoitering the country and direct- Utah Indians, if they could drive ing the inhabitants to be on their good bargains. It was a many- T"Vmick B, Huntington, inter- guard against . . . surprises." They sided traffic, according to Dr. Wm. preter, sought a peace talk with were also "authorized and directed Snow, authority on Western His- J. Walker in Parowan. But the chief to arrest . . . every strolling Mexican tory. had hurried off to "Sampitch" over party, and those associating with These traders held a license to trade with the Utah Indians. It was apparently signed by James S. Calhoun, governor and Indian superintendent of New Mexico. Two other such bands of traders carrying similar permits were reported to be operating in Utah. Brigham Young would not recog- nize such licenses in his territory, and he would not issue Utah licenses contenancing the slave trade. He ordered the Spaniards to stop their traffic. They laughed at him. They CHIEF WALKER OR WAH-KARA AND HIS had carried on the trade when Utah BROTHER, THE VIN- DICTIVE ARRAPENE. belonged to Mexico, and they pre- WALKER WAS CALLED ferred to continue. "KING OF THE IN- DIANS IN THESE The affair reached a head later MOUNTAINS" BY BRIG- HAM YOUNG. THE that winter. Pedro Leon's band was DRAWINGS ARE BY arrested and brought to trial, first CARVALHO, ARTIST WHO TRAVELED WITH before a justice of the peace in PRESIDENT YOUNG TO Manti, Utah, then before THE PEACE PARLEY and Judge IN 1854. Zerubbabel Snow of the first district court. The Spaniards were found guilty. The nine slaves they had when arrested—a squaw and eight children—were freed and the Span- iards were commanded to leave. THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938 them, and other suspicious per- ple, he shall be wiped out of exist- of sparks flew. Oddly, this fulmi- ." sons . . ence and every man that will follow nating incident, like the underlying him." cause of the coming war, grew from Other measures which he took at a white man's attempted kindness this time to "preserve peace, quell Captain Wall with his militiamen to an Indian. This is the way it i:he Indians, and secure the lives and returned from his scouting tour of came about: property of the citizens of the Ter- the south on May 11, 1853. He had ritory" were these: learned at Parowan that Walker group of Indians approached and his bands apparently were con- A The militia of the Territory are hereby gregating the east James Ivie's home near Spring- instructed to be in readiness to march to on branch of the ville on July 17, 1853. A squaw any point ... at a moment's notice. Sevier River. All Piede and Pah- bartered All Mexicans now in the Territory are vant chiefs with whom Wall had entered the cabin and some required to remain quiet in the settlements parleyed, told him the same story: trout to Mrs. Ivie for flour. The . . . and the officers . . . are hereby di- squaw's mate arrived as the terms rected to keep them in safe custody, treating They were glad to have the Mor- of the exchange were agreed on. them with kindness and supplying their mons among them but they feared railed at his spouse for driving necessary wants. Walker. He stole their children, He bargain. last and when he could not steal them too easy a At he her, More disquieting news came to he killed their parents and sold the hurled her to the floor, leaped at Brig ham Young and his party as children to the Mexicans. stamped, and kicked her, they continued southward into San- James Ivie came running. He ." "From the best information. . pete valley. They learned at Manti relished a fight, some old-timers say. Wall concluded, "Walker is willing on April 27, 1853, that the Chief But in this instance he was actu- to live in peace, if he can have his Arrapene, brother of Walker, had ated by humane motives. According own way in stealing other Indians' left the day before, very angry. All to Ivie's story, he jerked the buck the other Indians had also gone away from the moaning squaw. away in a great hurry that morning. The Indian attempted to shoot With hostile actions the Indians had Ivie. The white man siezed the bar- kept the people of Allred's settle- rel of the gun and wrenched it so ment in alarm all night. violently that he broke the weapon. Three Indians crept into Manti He staggered back clutching the gun fort one midnight. When chal- barrel. Swinging it like a club, he lenged they asserted they brought dealt the threatening Ute a blow on news from Walker and Arrapene, the head. The Indian crumpled to who "wanted peace." Brigham the floor as if dead. Young sent gifts of clothing, tobac- Another Indian shot an arrow co, and food by these messengers, that passed through the shoulder of and told the chiefs to behave them- Ivie's hunting shirt. Ivie brought selves. But he warned the settlers his iron war club down on this to be prepared for any emergency. brave's head also, and laid him senseless on the floor. He learned that one hundred fifty Yampa Utes had gone over to Then the squaw did what most "Walker's camp." These Yampas, women would do to an intruder in a domestic quarrel she upheld her it seemed, and Walker's warriors — were the "four hundred Mexicans" husband. Snatching up a stick of WHEN ARRESTED PEDRO LEON'S BAND HELD firewood, she struck her rescuer on the Sevier. Reported Governor NINE SLAVES—A SQUAW AND EIGHT CHIL- Young: DREN—PURCHASED FROM THE UTES. across the mouth. She, too, received a blow from the gun barrel, and she On our return we learned at Nephi that children to sell them to the Mexicans joined her unconscious tribesmen on Batteez, Indian chief, had ordered all his for or if the floor. The upshot was that her Indians to flee to the mountains. Offense guns and ammunition, we was taken by the Indians at my Proclama- will buy those children of him and husband died a few hours later. tion which forbade the traffic in Indian give him guns and ammunition, to Another incident occurred at children. The Utahs were in the habit enable him to continue his rob- about this time which helped stir of stealing children from the Piedes and other weak tribes and trading them to beries." the wrath of the reds. An Indian the Mexicans; when the parents of the With customary audacity and shot a fellow tribesman at Provo, stolen children resisted, the Utes would kill probably accidentally. But the man them rather than relinquish the children. perfidy, Walker strode into Gov- responsible fled and his act was laid Batteez had been accustomed to this ernor Young's office on July 2, 1853. to the whites. traffic. He feigned friendliness. Wild for vengeance, the Indians But President Young was not de- "Drigham Young was not daunted rejected peace offerings of beef and ceived. Neither were some of the by the threats of war. Speaking clothing. Chief Walker was camp- other white leaders. They fretted in the Salt Lake tabernacle on his ed near Payson with a large band. about the poor defenses of many of return, he frankly admitted that One night Indians crept into Payson the tiny southern settlements, for Walker held a strong position and shot Alexander Kiel, a guard. they sensed danger. The tinder was among the Utah Indians. But he Then the band hurried southward to being gathered for the spark. said: "If he becomes hostile and lodge their families in a place of wishes to commit depredations upon Indian flint and Pioneer steel security for the impending struggle. the persons or property of this peo- clashed on July 17, 1853. Plenty The Walker War had begun.

408 )

$IwAili^ out d$. ihsL d&MJd,

J/ul PHANTOM HERD By ROBERT M. HYATT

There are those who say that the minds of most persons as some thousand pounds, and deliver his wild camels roam the Mojave strange, mythical place, fabulous al- freight and passengers in the Cali- most as the Seven Cities of Cibola, fornia coast town in two weeks from Desert; that a huge "snow that lured the early Spaniards west- starting time. white" one leads a pack of these ward in the 16th century. Today, ungainly "ships of the desert" across that eternal lure still exists in the At length, in 1854, a Congres- the vast solitudes of our southwest's minds of countless thousands, not sional appropriation of $30,000 most arid country. one whit diminished since the days was obtained which was the initial Just how true are the occasional — of the bold conquistadores. move in America's first and last ex- vivid tales told by old prospectors The "camel craze" swept the periment with camels as a means of of seeing these supposedly long- country. It was laughed at and transportation. purchasing expe- vanished creatures far out on the A joked about. While the House of dition headed by Major Henry C. wastelands? Is there really a rem- Representatives was ridiculing the was conducted to Egypt and nant of that early government ex- Wayne bill, introduced by General Cross- periment remaining? the Levant. "The history of the man, for an appropriation to import abounds in unusual duties These are questions that might Army a few camels for experimental pur- performed by its officers, but few well exist in the minds of many, poses, Jefferson Davis, the deeply compare with mis- coming on the heels of the announce- Major Wayne's interested War Secretary, succeeded sion," writes Robert Gainsburgh. ment, recently, of an old "desert rat" in obtaining the appropriation. "It required an international diplo- who allegedly saw his pet burro Mr. Davis pointed out the great mat, elope with a band of the humped an accomplished auctioneer, importance of these beasts of burden and an obedient soldier, mostly animals, led by an enormous white and in Asia and Africa, and their valu- the patience of one. Of course, everyone knows Job." able service to the British in East that the loneliness and eternal si- His ship reached Tunis in August, India. He was convinced that they lence of the desert, coupled with 1855. After acquiring three camels could be equally valuable in our own there, the long ( many times disappointing he proceeded to Malta, where arid frontier, and very effective years spent in search of the illusive news of his coming had preceded against hostile Indians. "strike," is conducive to at least him. On his arrival there he found some of the strange sights reported Some of the newspapers became every sore-backed camel in Asia by members of this grizzled fra- earnest in advocating the plan of Minor doctored up and waiting on ternity. Yet the desert holds many forming a "dromedary express, to the coast, to be "offered to the incredible truths—and mirages! carry the fast mail and to bring United States at a grievous sacri- letters While it is a matter of conjecture eastern newspapers and to fice of ten times its value." whether or not any descendants of California in fifteen days." The A half-dozen other seaports were arguments backing the proposed that camel venture of the '50's are touched, and each in turn had its entirely to be found today, it should be noted scheme at the time were motley camel herd waiting for him. that the government, in 1855, logical. It was even indicated that But at last the purchasing was com- brought a ship load of them from "fast camel passenger trains" would plete, and thirty-four irritable and Asia Minor, at the insistence of be plying between the Missouri sea-sick animals and their native Gen. George H. Crossman. The River and the Pacific Coast. Camels attendants comprised the expedition certainly be! latter was convinced that camels there must when it finally arrived at Indianola, were the only sensible mode of trans- There was his famous reputation Texas. On the voyage there had portation across that "vast Sahara of going for as long as ten days been six births and four deaths. which could not be traversed by without water. It was a long way The Texans, many of whom had mules, horses, or oxen." Mr. Cross- "between drinks" from the Missouri perhaps never seen a camel, turned man is credited with having con- to the Colorado River, but not too out in large numbers to witness the ceived the idea of using camels in long for the camel, who could board unloading of this peculiar cargo, of the Southwest as early as 1848. himself on sagebrush, cover 30 to which someone has written: At that time, California existed in 50 miles a day with a load of a (Continued on page 436) 409 ning Brigham selected his lumber and at dawn of day he was found busy at his task. At noon he had a small water wheel CAYUGA'S completed and, while the other operatives were at dinner, he drew the water from the flume, adjusted a gate and had his wheel running upon their return. OifwL His wheel had an upright shaft some five WiuL slant WmC' or six feet high with a of 35 or 40 degrees. On the top was arranged a frame to hold a large old-fashioned dinner pot, riHEY were a little too honest into which the paint was put with a cannon By Joseph Williams ball weighing 25 pounds. the wheel to steal, too proud to beg, and When was set in motion, it would revolve in one toot d lazy to work," opined T± — and John Farr Larsen direction while its slanting position would an editor recently in speaking of cause the ball to roll in the opposite direc- Of the Eastern States Mission Cayuga County's "three wise men." tion. The idea was that the continued rolling of the ball would grind or pulverize the Over in Cayuga County, New York paint to the desired fineness. This im- they claim Isaac Singer (Singer C'ayuga County, New provement was pronounced by all a com- York, claims Isaac Sewing Machines), Henry Wells plete success and thereafter Brigham was (Wells Fargo Express), and Brig- Singer of the sewing ma- consulted in regard to all proposed alter- ham Young as their own. chine, Henry Wells of ations and improvements upon the premises. Wells Fargo, and Brigham Port Byron and Auburn are the NTear the home of Mr. Weston in principal cities in the locale of this Young, of whom they tell Port Byron is a well that Presi- narrative. Rich is the word for that many stories these among dent Young stoned. The well still if are interested in the THEM section you gives forth delicious, pure water history of our early Mormon leader. which is a testimony to the skill and of interesting Recently, a group good judgment of our second leader. things were found by a number who An interesting story is told about touring the Eastern States Mis- were this well: sion. Dr. John A. Widtsoe, Sister The lady of the house in which several Leah D. Widtsoe, who is a grand- of the factory help boarded rebelled at be- daughter of President Brigham ing obliged to carry the water for culinary Young, and President Frank Evans purposes from a spring some 30 or 40 rods distance and requested Mr. Parks to have a of the Eastern States Mission were well dug near the house. in the party. Mr. Parks proposed to have it dug In Port Byron we visited the fam- about 10 rods north of the house at a point ily of Mr. W. H. Weston, who lives where the ground was lower and argued that the expense would proportionately within a few feet of Brigham be less. This idea not being in harmony with of early man- Young's residence the wish and convenience of the lady, a hood. One of the most interesting somewhat heated discussion arose, and not things we discovered was a docu- being able to harmonize the situation, it ment that was read before the Cay- was finally agreed to appeal the case to Brigham. After listening to the arguments County Historical Society uga on both sides, he decided that the place for many years ago. The document, the well was near the house, assuring Mr. which is an old newspaper under Parks that the fact that the ground was higher at that point was no reason why date of March 5, 1904, is in pos- water could not be secured with no greater session of the Weston family. Mr. depth of digging, calling his attention to the Weston is the nephew of William fact that the spring from which the water Hayden, who was the author of the was then procured was much higher than paper. The article, according to the the ground upon which the house stood. rules of evidence, is unquestionably Geologists today accept this as an reliable. The author is very careful axiom. to avoid saying anything that he Mr. Parks had many excuses for not does not know to be true. Mr. Hay- digging the well, the strongest being that den, who was a very learned man no man could be found with the necessary and a member of the New York skill to lay the stone in stoning it up. To this objection Brigham proposed that if Mr. State Senate for a number of years, Parks would furnish help after the close intimately. knew Brigham Young of the day's work in the factory he would In the stately home of Mr. West- himself undertake the stoning up the well on one of the further attractions is and would guarantee its permanence. DR. AND MRS. JOHN A. WIDTSOE STANDING This generous proposition was readily ac- a cannon ball, not the ordinary sort BY THE BRIGHAM YOUNG MARKER IN PORT cepted and work on the well speedily begun. but one that was captured from the BYRON, NEW YORK. At a little less than 20 feet a good stream of British at Saratoga in 1 777 and car- water was reached, which has continued to ried by President Young's father first employed at painting wooden pails, flow copiously until the present day. Some the work being done in a manner so satis- one hundred miles into Vermont. 10 nights of hard work for three or four factory as to call forth many compliments hours each night and the well was com- the Youngs moved to York When from the proprietor, Mr. Parks. Brigham pleted and was ready for use. Mr. Parks State the cannon ball went with suggested that there was still a chance for expressed himself as much pleased and with them. Mr. Hayden tells of the relic improvement if the paint could be properly his customary generosity presented Brig- prepared. This, he declared, in his paper. The following inci- could be done ham with a dollar which it was afterwards with slight additional expense and, once said that Brigham tossed into the well as dent also recorded in the paper re- arranged for, would enable Mr. Parks to a thank offering. This I will not vouch for, ferred to shows the resourcefulness dispense with the services of one man, while but I do know that when the well was of the pioneer leader, in that he put the work itself would be better done. being cleaned some 20 years afterwards a the cannon ball to a practical use: It was agreed that Brigham was to make silver Spanish dollar was found. the improvement in one day, Mr. Parks to Brigham, as he was familiarly called, was furnish the required material. That eve- It was while President Young was 410 a

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938

working here in Port Byron that he ageous, and sympathetic. Evidences met his first wife, Miriam Angeline that testify to these characteristics Works. He took his bride to a cot- are being uncovered every day even tage that he built without assistance. though he was a figure of a century Brigham Young was about twenty- ago. Is it not logical to suppose that five years of age at the time. The if God needed a great leader to carry house he built for her is sturdy and on His work He would select a man strong and it is still in use today. having these qualifications? The State of New York has placed a marker on the roadside near by. The house has three floor levels; the lowest one being on the ground— ChwihcA, is semi-basement kitchen. Three rooms JhsL are on the middle floor, and two © rooms in the upper story. Stairways HILL inside the house connect all floors. It is thought that the basement was used by Brigham Young as a work- shop. CUMORAH

An incident of a drowning boy is one that was never effaced from the IRA J. MARKHAM memory of Senator Hayden. He used the following words before the Oalmyra and its immediate vicin- Cayuga County Historical Society: * ity, revered in Mormon history as the birthplace of a great reli- Little Willie Carpenter, a lovely boy of gion, is fast becoming a modern about three years, was allowed to go and mecca for tourists and members of meet his father, a workman in the carding machine building about 10 rods south of the the Church from all parts of the pail factory. When the little one did not world. return as expected an alarm was given Plans are well under way to and a search begun. Brigham at once con- make the traditional conference cluded that if the boy had fallen into the and pageant to be held July 22, 23, raceway, the current would have drawn him and 24 an event that will be an into the flume and out of sight. He im- inspiration to all who attend. All mediately plunged in and, after a few mo- to visit to this ments of swimming and feeling about in who plan make a the raceway, the body was found and sacred spot would do well to ar- brought out. range their schedules to be present

The frantic mother caught the limp little at this event. Bus loads of people body in her arms and it was some time from the west will make it one of before Brigham could persuade her to al- their main stops on tours to Mor- low him to take measures to resuscitate mon shrines. the child. It was too late, however, for Here can be seen the Sacred life was extinct. I have often heard it remarked afterward that Brigham shed more Grove where the Prophet Joseph tears over the loss of this child than did Smith received the first revelation; its own father. the old homestead where he lived as a boy; the Hill Cumorah where, at the hands of the Angel Moroni, Vears after President Young left he received the records from which Port Byron and became one of he translated the sacred history of the "Mormons," the citizenry named the ancient inhabitants of the con- the section in which President tinent. There is now, also, the Young lived, "Nauvoo." The name forty foot bronze and granite Angel is common in Port Byron today. Moroni Monument which is illumi- nated by powerful floodlights Going down state from Port By- every night from dark to dawn. ron entered Y., A MISSIONARY (ELDER ERNEST SKINNER) we Auburn, N. DRINKING WATER FROM THE WELL At the base of the Hill Cumorah STONED-UP BY BRIGHAM YOUNG OVER A where Brigham Young assisted in is Information build- HUNDRED YEARS AGO, NEAR PORT BYRON, the Bureau of building many houses. One in par- N. Y. ing, designed to resemble the archi- ticular we noticed was the home of tecture of ancient America. ELDER JOS. W. WILLIAMS HOLDING THE William F. Seward who was Secre- "BRIGHAM YOUNG" CANNON BALL. Public meetings will be held in tary of State in President Abraham BURIAL GROUND OF ANGELINE WORKS, the Sacred Grove each day. On Lincoln's cabinet. At the entrance of FIRST WIFE OF BRIGHAM YOUNG. each of the three evenings, the this mansion are two lion figures re- HOME OF W. H. WESTON NEAR PORT stirring pageant, "America's Wit- BYRON, N. Y. sembling the one at the entrance of ness for Christ," will be presented the Lion House in Salt Lake City. 5. BRIGHAM YOUNG'S EARLY HOME AT PORT in the open-air theatre. This BYRON, N. Y. THIS WAS CONSTRUCTED BY pageant attracted audiences of No doubt this is where President PRESIDENT YOUNG. over 10,000 people last season. Young obtained his idea to build the 6. HOUSE CONSTRUCTED BY BRIGHAM YOUNG President Frank Evans of the Lion House. AT MENDON, N. Y. Eastern States Mission extends a Inspiration is received from this hearty invitation to all to join in section. When one gets down to reached: Brigham Young was an the annual Hill Cumorah Pilgrim- the facts and weighs them carefully outstanding young man in Cayuga age this year. there is only one conclusion to be County, resourceful, capable, cour- 411 astic applause given the missionaries rivaled greatly that received in Amster- dam a month previous.

Every year the A. M. V. J. Athletic Club of Amsterdam sponsors an international basketball tournament at which the countries England, Belgium, France, Germany, and Holland are usually represented. As cage artists, the missionaries are pointing for this Ybdhsi/dandA. tournament, but as missionaries they are pointing towards making friendships. By J. PAUL VORKINK and Rotterdam was the scene of intense replacing breaking down prejudice and baseball activity last summer. Through JOSEPH P. LAMBERT it friendship. with the efforts of Elder John A. Roghaar Of the Netherlands Mission Recently, through their affiliations the missionaries made arrangements to with the A. M. V. J. Club and the play with a group of young men from efforts of Elder Orme Jergensen who of the A. M. V. J. Athletic Club Rot-

, j acts as playing manager of the team, terdam who were just learning to play out of a hundred ninety-nine two teams f missionaries were invited the American national sport. Some the mention of the name Nether- To to p i ay an exhibition game of American very enjoyable Saturday afternoons of lands probably brings visions basketball at the opening of a new were spent teaching the Dutch boys windmills, dikes, wooden stately gymnasium built by the Koninklijke the finer points of the game, playing shoes, brightly colored costumes, broad Luchtvaart Maatschappij (National against them and making some true all the other acres of tulip fields, and Airways Company) of the Nether- and lasting friendships. The Elders that are known the world "Dutchisms" \ ands. Saturday, January 29, was set invariably won the contests, but at the over. Yes, all these things are still to be as the day for this event, and the Elders end of the season the Rotterdamers found in the small country where fifty wh attended as well as President and were making a real battle out of every Mormon missionaries are preaching the Sister Franklin J. Murdock met in Am- game. although Gospel of Jesus Christ, and s terdam and were transported by a To further the cause of friendship as rapid modernization is pushing Oud K.L.M. bus to the airport at Schiphol, a well as to show their good will and into the Holland" or "Old Holland sma ll town about three miles from sportsmanship the missionaries entered background, the things that were a part Holland's largest city and where Hol- into competition with their Dutch op- never become ex- ' of it will probably i and s i argest airfield is located, ponents in Holland's national game of tinct and Holland will forever be Tjpon entering the gymnasium, the soccer. The Americans were given a looked upon as one of the quaintest missionaries were immediately im- couple of thorough drubbings, although and most picturesque lands on earth. pressed with the modernness of the they did learn to respect the prowess Occupying a space only about one- structure and the exclusiveness of the of the Dutch players as well as learn seventh the size of the state of Utah, opening. Only persons with printed something about the game. Several it has yielded a fruitful harvest of con- invitations were admitted and repre- interesting film evenings were held and verts in the seventy-odd years that the sentatives from select Dutch military, the growth of the M. I. A. classes in Gospel has been preached there. For civic, social and recreational circles the Rotterdam branch this winter has though the land is small, the people are were present. been the result of the summer's "extra" sturdy, industrious, intelligent, and Before the game Elder Frank B. activity. above all—religious-minded—which at- Jex addressed the crowd through the Missionaries are not losing them- titude gives every Mormon proselyter amplifier, both in Dutch and English, selves in their enthusiasm to play an approach to their hearts. But even announcing who the missionaries were Sports are being recognized for what so, her long and glorious struggle for and expressing their appreciation for they are—one of the many means of liberty and her persistency in maintain- the invitation they had received. A making contacts and winning friends. ing that liberty despite the ambitions group picture was taken of the players of the many nations who have longed and the referee, and several times during STANDING, FROM LEFT TO RIGHT: J. PAUL bred within her the game press photographers took VORKINK, ALMA R. GUTHRIE, E. DWAIN to rule over her, have Bl/CHANAN, GLENN H. LYBBERT, PARRY A. people a certain inflexibility which ex- flash-light shots of the players in ac- NELSON, AND ORME JERGENSEN. KNEELING, FROM LEFT TO RIGHT: W. HOWARD DRAPER, itself when anything foreign is tion. Apparently the spectators were presses FRANK B. JEX, JOHN A. ROGHAAR, JOSEPH P. introduced. thrilled with the game, for the enthusi- LAMBERT, GLENN M. BIRD, AND WILLIAM KOEW. All of the known methods of missionary work are employed in the Netherlands, including distributing tracts, illustrated lectures, English classes and choruses. The realm of sports also offers an opportunity to "Make Friends," but only during the past year has it been used to advantage. Basketball in the city of Amsterdam is Athletic sponsored by the A. M. V. J. Club and it is through their friendliness and cooperation that the missionaries have been participating in that sport. Late in December an exhibition game was played against the A. M. V. J. five in their gymnasium in Amsterdam before 350 high school students and faculty members. After their victory the missionaries were given thunderous applause and they could not help but feel that they had made a step towards 412 Why i do not SMOKE By DOROTHY DYER AKERS

a languid, anaemic look, a coarsened ettes as "coffin nails," they speak voice, and an appearance of pre- far more truth than poetry. For mature old age. Some one has sug- nicotine is a slow poison and a habit- gested that the old saying that a forming drug. woman is as old as she looks might Unfortunately, once a woman well be changed to "A woman is as starts smoking, she is apt to indulge old as she smokes." in the habit even more often than a Most of us rejoiced at the change man. It is a feminine characteristic from the boyish styles to the present to go to extremes—especially regret- graceful fashions. Girls wisely want table in this case because cigarettes to appear feminine again. Cigarette are undeniably more harmful to smoking is masculine and unfitting. woman than to man. How grotesque it is when a girl is Though I am still one of the in chiffons or trailing evening dress! younger generation, I have enjoyed I spent part of my life within sight the fine friendship of a number of of an illiterate, unkempt old Irish sweet old people. And I, too, want woman. Winter and summer she to grow old gracefully. Querulous- wore a small dirty shawl over her ness and irritability come with smok- head and sat crossly on her door- ing. Advanced years bring more step, a frown on her leathery old frequent illnesses, and with most face, and a pipe in her mouth. But sickness the patient is not allowed Mrs. H and her corncob pipe to smoke. An inveterate smoker, de- were not so incongruous a sight as prived of the weed, is an especially an attractive, well-dressed girl with fretful and unpleasant person to her mouth askew to accommodate have around. the ubiquitous cigarette. "Decently I was chatting with a the "I" in the above title sounds Tobacco, however, affects more classmate of mine,—a pretty Iftoo personal, you will forgive me, than the outward appearance: it is girl, always dressed to the last min- an unknown college girl, when harmful to the general health as ute of fashion's dictates. Your first is egotistical well. The average young woman of you realize that it less impression would suggest that a today has a glorious heritage of good than to say "Why Girls Should Not serious thought never enters her neat Smoke," because that would imply health. Cigarettes are petty thieves, little head. But I knew that she does that I am an authority on the matter. cleverly stealing this heritage little not smoke, and I asked her why. She by little. And of course I am not. looked up, at once alert and inter- Plenty of people who have a right I was interested to learn just how ested. to write such an article have been bad is the reputation of tobacco with "Aside from health reasons," she before me, and have given you force- the medical profession. bit of A said, "I think it makes a girl appear ful, technical reasons why tobacco study brings to light the following so cheap and common. I know I is especially harmful to women. But dismal facts: Smoking injures the certainly shouldn't want my mother let me approach the problem inform- heart. The tobacco heart is an ir- to smoke. And incidentally if I ever ally, from the point of view of one ritable heart, frequently intermittent have any daughters I wouldn't want of the younger generation. in action and not to be depended to set a bad example for them. I I I perfectly calls assure you that am a upon under for severe physical think most girls smoke because they normal girl and I don't smoke. I am exertion. Tobacco causes high want to do what the crowd does. twenty-one, and, like any of Eve's blood pressure; it poisons the nerves, But boys say that few girls do it daughters, I want to be as attractive hurts the eyes, lessens resistance to well. This summer the boy I dated first requirement, diseases, tuberculosis. as possible. The many notably most boasted, 'My girl doesn't of course, is good health. There is It sometimes induces cancer; it stunts smoke!' So I'm proud that I don't about yellowed the growth of the young, it nothing charming and im- smoke. It's being different not to, teeth, a sallow complexion, jaded pairs efficiency and athletic power. these days." nerves, and that famous pariah about Nicotine is only of im- one an I quite agreed with her. A few which even your best friends won't pressive list of poisons contained in years ago when a woman smoked, it tell you. I want a clear skin, a clean tobacco smoke. And nicotine is so was with something of a pioneer, smile, breath untainted to- and by deadly that we read of a case in adventuresome spirit, however mis- bacco. which less than one grain of nicotine, directed. Now it is distinctive not In time nicotine yellows the skin less drops, than two caused a per- to smoke. To smoke is to follow the of the face it as does the fingers, son's death. When the younger line of least resistance. One of the causing tired lines, sharp features, generation carelessly refer to cigar- (Concluded on page 436) 413 ——-— — —

PLOWMAN DRYLAND FARMING By Harry Elmore Hard By Sylvester Pierce

Man, with your back to the sun, (One of Utah's pioneer dry farmers who Your face to the soil, is still actively operating a 2,000 acre ranch I honor the sweat of your brow, in central Utah.) The fruit of your toil. Hold the horns of the plow, Way out in the wilderness, Turn the sod I found a valley wide and fair Work is an act of faith, That needed only water A prayer to God. To make a garden there; Rein the furrow straight, Hope is a star— My friends all warned me not to go. Plow to the end of the field, They said it was a fake, Lift the bar. And only one in that wild land

Swing . . . stretch . . . strain . . . Would dare those chances take. Beware of rocks Think of the ripened corn There were no streams or rivers, In golden shocks. So this is what I said, Plant your kernels of faith— "I'll store the moisture in the soil Sloth is a weed And that will do instead." Rain shall bless your work, Swell the seed. I made the soil so nice and fine, Prepared a real seed bed, And when the summer's heat came on THE FIRST PLANTING Photograph by Harrison R. Merrill. My plants went right ahead, By Belle Watson Anderson THE TEMPLES OF ZION CANYON For they were spaced in rows and hills Spring softly treads the dreary sombre By Carlton Culmsee To give them room to dwell plain Although unusual drought prevailed, And paints the glow of beauty in the trees, WHO carved the gold and crimson These dry land crops did well. Reveals the charm of rhythm in the breeze, temples And calls to drowsy roots with tapping rain. From the strong hills? When I see these fertile fields A host of mighty-muscled Titans Where once was desert land, seeding time, before the vernal sun At With stubborn wills? The system used to make this change, Awakened crescent buds on bramble tree, Who reared the altars, glowing, holy? I surely think it grand. The planter had made the land clear and A prophet with his rod? free No, only the Virgin toiling slowly Of hardy resisting brush. He had come For the glory of God. WHEN I LOOK Sylvia Across the roadless hills to level field By Probst To plow and sow the priceless golden grain; REGRETS are so many lovely things No fences to protect the fallowed plain By Maryhale Woolsey THERE From cattle grazing on all tender yield. I've enjoyed today: ft Lace curtains?-—oh, they're quite passe," Morning sunshine riding He built a hut with oak-brush, and with pine The decorator made decree; In soft clouds of gray; Made a home like the ground squirrel's nest, "Let's use, instead, fine draperies Autumn's echo in the hills; Dug ditches and canals in water quest That leave the windows clear and free." Wind that brushed my face; And stayed day and night at the frontier Spiders in the naked trees,

shrine. I love this modern shiningness; Spinning dainty lace; But still, it grieved me when today One last fragrant little flower Marvelous feats are wrought by faith and Some little breezes came to call In a sheltered nook. work; And I'd no place for them to play! I can find such lovely things fashioned the heart of the sturdy plow- God » . When I look! man And made him equal to each need and plan. ENDURANCE Six driving months he did not quit or shirk. By Merling Dennis Clyde INDIAN PAINT BRUSH Lydia June-grass waves in silvered sheets; By Hall At last he saw the billowing grain, The A hawk sails lazily; The radiant promise of winter's bread; the West where the purple sage In humbleness the farmer bared his head The road unwinds its ribboned way IN Lifts lovely, scented plumes For the blessed miracle of the plain. To lead on endlessly. Is where the shining, scarlet-tipped Dust clouds circle across the plains; Indian paintbrush blooms. A scorching wind moans by; TO PRESIDENT HEBER J. GRANT Mirages fling up blue-green lakes And every year when Springtime comes By C. N. Lund To taunt the seeking eye. To this fair desert land, Old mother nature paints with them son of Pioneers, Worthy The desert waste must first be crossed Bright pictures in the sand. Spanning all the marching years, To find the cooling streams; Bridging all the builded dream The barren spots must be traversed Of prophet men whose spirits seem To reach the land of dreams. REPOSE To walk and talk with you By Nephi Jensen Amid the wonders that we view. ORANGE BLOSSOMS SONG of bird, blush of rose, Through want and wilderness, (A Japanese Cinquain) And glint of soothing star days of storm and strife, Through By Elizabeth Whitmer Locke Give me Beauty's repose; To peace and wealth and fame I own all near and far. You've brought your honored name. BRIDAL You've nobly walked the height Orange blossoms Serene Truth's regal reign With manliness and might, Symbolize fruitfulness My heart with faith empowers; And conquered with the plan Set as a crown on womanly Peace holds my soul's domain; That God evolved for man. Beauty. I own Life's rarest dowers. 414 weLUn

PRESIDENT CLARK ATTENDS INTERNATIONAL PARLEYS

Dresident J. Reuben Clark, Jr., left Salt Lake City Friday, June 3, en route to Europe to attend two important international gatherings as American representative. The first, June 20 at Geneva, are the meetings of the League of Nations Committee on International Loan Contracts. The second, at Paris, June 27 and 28, is the Conference of European Bondholders, at which he represents the Foreign Bondholders Protective Association Inc., of which he is now chairman of MISSIONARIES LEAVING FOR THE FIELD FROM THE SALT LAKE MISSIONARY HOME the executive committee. Following ARRIVED MAY 23, 193S—DEPARTED JUNE 9, 1938 this conference, President Clark will Left to right, First Row: Merrill B. Robinson, Harold W. Wood, Clotele Olson, Mrs. Thelma Waddoups, visit London and sail from Southhamp- Marcella Andersen, Louise Call, Klea Pugsley, Evelyn Branch, Margaret Price, Crosby A. Glenn, J. Wyley Sessions ton for the United States on July 7. (Director). Second Row: Edgar B. Mitchell, La Prile B. Mitchell, May Summers, Sadie Ogden, Elsie Swan, Grace McCook, President Clark was appointed to Dorothy Crochett, Harriet D. Eyre, Jay Wynn Lees. the Bondholders Council as a director Third Row: Dee Sanders, Elda Hepworth, Erma Hansen, Emma V. Payne, Alice Snow, Lizetta Seeley, Va Netta Larsen, Lydia Christensen, Cal. H. Cornia. in 1934 and served as acting president Fourth Row: Orville W. Allen, Floyd E. Hays, Dennis L. Prows, Lillis Ence, Ruth Adamson, Elaine Call, for a few months before becoming pres- Zelda Wheeler, H. Christian Andierson, Reed Oldroyd, Earl Williams. Fifth Row: Rulon Henderickson, R. Larkin Glade, Clyde W. Gardiner, Genevieve Morgan, Ruth Fors, ident of the council. Recently he re- Richard H. Ray, Ida Perry, Montie Snow, Spencer Clawson. signed active direction of the Council Sixth Row: A. Sherman Gowen, Harold Sabin, Eldon J. West, Augusta Brough, Ruby Durrant, JoJw E. because he Gillespie, Merlin Huntsman, Royal Victor Wolters. was unable to devote the Seventh Row: William Wayne Capner, Leon Zollinger, Vincent Christensen, Carlton Chester Cope, Claude increasing time required for these Don Williamson, Mac Hanchett, Milton Sanders, William H. Bousfield, Heber Christensen, Eldon D. Hymas. Eighth Row: Robert W. Flake, Wayne Dudley, L. Cox, duties. Owen Vernon C. Sorenson, Harold Lee Allen, As a tribute to his service, and John Cummings, Harold Glover, Herbert Lester Tracy. desiring to keep him in close association with the Council, the directors created the position of Chairman of thorities of the Church in attendance. in Constitution Hall, Washington, the Executive Committee and elected President Grant explained in his re- D. C. Following a handcart up the him to that post. marks that he is the last of the General main aisle, over a hundred descendants Authorities who participated in the of the original pioneers, in costume, BRAZILIAN MISSION dedicatory services fifty years ago. He sang "Come, Come, Ye Saints" as the PRESIDENTS CHANGED bore his testimony to the truthfulness concluding feature. This is the first of the Church and urged all Latter-day occasion of Mormon participation at John Alden Bowers of Ogden, Utah, Saints to catch the true spirit of the this festival. The Virginia Reel, a has been appointed president of the Gospel which is industry and labor. pioneer dance, was performed by three Brazilian Mission to succeed Rulon S. Others who addressed the audience of sets on the stage. Headlined attention 5,000 were Robert D. Young, presi- was given to this participation by news- dent of the Manti Temple; Elder papers in the nation's capital. George F. Richards, acting patriarch In marked contrast was the reception of the Church and Church supervisor given the Prophet Joseph Smith, when of temples; President Joseph Quinney, in 1839 he came to Washington with Jr., of the Logan Temple; Louis R. An- Judge Elias Higbee seeking redress and derson, former stake president and government intervention in behalf of the chairman of the General Jubilee Com- Missouri refugees of the Church. "Your

mittee; and George F. Richards, Jr., cause is just, but I can do nothing for of the Salt Lake Temple presidency. you" was the final verdict of President Each evening a pageant, "The Hearts Van Buren. of the Children," was presented with a "Nevertheless," said Joseph Smith, cast of 200 under the direction of the in heartbroken departure, "some day RULON S. HOWELLS JOHN A. BOWERS author M. W. Smith, who wished to the Mormon people will be held in Howells, who has served as president commemorate the golden jubilee of the renown in the nation's capital." for the past three years. Elder Bowers completion and dedication of the Manti Washington members of the Daugh- has long been active in the Church, as Temple, and also to present the views ters of the Utah Pioneers, Zina Willey, a Seventy in both Carbon and Ogden and doctrines of the Church concerning president, and the Utah State Society, Stakes, and as a member of the Carbon Temple ordinances. headed by Frank E. Moss, took part in Stake M. I. A. stake board. He filled the folk festival. W. H. Willey re- a mission to Germany from 1926-1929. MORMON GROUP FEATURED hearsed the dancers and "called" the IN FIFTH NATIONAL FOLK steps, while D. Sterling Wheelright, MANTI TEMPLE JUBILEE FESTIVAL, WASHINGTON, D. C. director of music at the L. D. S. Wash- ington Chapel, coached the singing and TPhe golden anniversary of the dedi- A udiences which totaled 6,000 listen- marching. Children as well as their cation of the Manti Temple was ers cheered the Mormon Pioneer parents took part in the costumed pro- celebrated from June 14 to June 19, representation which climaxed the re- cession. 1938, with many of the General Au- cent Fifth National Folk Festival, held {Continued on page 4281 415 —

fcdiiouaL The awakening and training of parents for their duties are among the foremost needs of the day. Jjiaimnq^ QJjoidk. JHsl 0$. —/. A. W.

Tn one of the meetings of the recent, successful M. I. A.—Primary Conference, President Heber

J. Grant urged upon parents to train their children "\T7ith more than two-score years of enriching ex- in the principles and practices of the Gospel as of- perience and tradition behind it, the Forty- fered by the Church. It was the most comprehen- third Annual Conference of the Young Men's and sive and important message of the Conference. Young Women's Mutual Improvement Associa- The training of children determines the behavior tions reached new "highs" in many respects, and its distinctive contributions the his- of men and women. That is taught by human ex- added own to perience. The proverb-maker has declared: "Train tory of the whole. three days from Friday, 10, to Sunday, up a child in the way he should go: and when he is The June 12, inclusive, followed by a day devoted to old, he will not depart from it." And more simply: June summer Recreation and the Cavalcade of Scouting, "As the boy is, so the man is." The future of the offered such quantity and variety of instruction and race rests upon the training of youth. inspiration as to make one earnestly wish not that Character, the most inclusive and important at- the feast might be more bounteous, but that the tribute of man, is woven of religious beliefs and powers of human consumption might be equal to it. practices, which, in our land, may not be taught in The Conference included more than a hundred the public schools, now attended by nearly all of general and departmental sessions and major our children. The Church, through Sunday and events, with several times that many speakers, weekly auxiliary meetings, through high school topics, and individual program numbers. More seminaries and college institutes, does something to than six thousand people actively participated in overcome this condition. Nevertheless, it must be the various functions, and registered and non- admitted that the home, with its daily contact with registered observers totalled in excess of twelve children, is the most powerful agency for the thousand. awakening and training of the spiritual nature of We yield to the temptation to select for special the family. As parents teach, the children are likely mention a few of the events, although the high to become. merit of the entire procedure would perhaps make it wiser not to isolate any specific items; but the It is a false conception of duty, as explained by mass demonstrations, including the Dance Festival President Grant, that impells some parents to say on Friday, the Music Festival on Saturday, the that they must not prejudice their children in favor Convocation of Scouting on Sunday, and the of any religion, but allow them, unhindered by Cavalcade of Scouting on Monday, were such high- early training, to make their choice of church at- lights as to demand citation. tendance and membership when they come to ma- More significant, however, than any technique turity. Usually, this is proposed by parents who, or program event was the underlying, over-riding, themselves, have become inactive in the Church. and all-permeating theme of the Conference: Every child, in our age, will be taught, if not by "Building Latter-day Saints—through cultural ac- parents, by someone or something else, perhaps by tivities, through better teaching, through religious the rabble on the streets, and often in opposition devotion." to religion. Moreover, if parents have well-ma- For all that occurred commendation is due tured convictions as to any belief, it is their duty Superintendent George Q. Morris, President Lucy to pass them on to their children. To do otherwise G. Cannon, and all their associates and board would be cowardly, and a retreat from parental members and field workers throughout the Church. responsibility. Truth must be carried to others, The same commendation must be extended also to especially to those of our own flesh and blood, else President May Anderson of the Primary Asso- progress ceases. Besides, when maturity is reach- ciation, and all her workers, for the companion ed, the teachings of parents may and will be conference that was held simultaneously by the by the ripened judgment. There need be weighed leaders of the Primary children. no fear on that score. Such experiences and traditions of cumulative Parents who love their children should teach enrichment to the Church and its people deserve them, freely and fearlessly, faith in God and Jesus eulogy and continuance. R. L. E. the Christ, the restoration of the Gospel through the instrumentality of Joseph Smith, the doctrines of the Church, and the necessity of feeding the spiritual part of man by participation in Church and. Jobacco^ work. Children should be urged to take part in the several organizations of the Church. Children, 'T'he reading of the statement reprinted below was so taught and trained, grow towards clean, whole- the signal for a rising vote of more than four some, useful lives, and cause the hearts of genuine thousand people in support of the Churchwide parents to beat with warm joy. In this chaotic campaign against the sale, use and advertising of age, to direct youth into truthful, spiritual living tobacco and alcoholic beverages. The occasion is the highest service that parents can render a was the opening meeting of the M. I. A. Confer- child. To accomplish this task, association with ence, in the Tabernacle, Salt Lake City, Friday, the Church is indispensable. June 10, 1938, with President Grant and many of

416 the general officers of the Church in attendance: Mothers in the home can teach the value of loving consideration in settling vexatious little prob- Thankful to the Lord for His kindness in revealing the lems which arise even in the best of Word of Wisdom to the Prophet Joseph Smith for the benefit homes. Thus of this people, they can pave the way for a peaceful consideration Grateful to the generation that is past and to older members of neighborhood problems, community, and inter- of the Church for the splendid tradition of sobriety they have national questions when these same young people created, of which the world is now taking note, mature. Appreciative of the tireless efforts of President Grant and his associates, the General Authorities, in teaching us to obey One of the first things which should be empha- this word of the Lord and of their present call on the Priest- sized is respect for authority. This does not imply hood and auxiliaries to bring about among us the non-use of blind obedience, but rather thoughtful alcohol and tobacco, deference We, the officers and members of the Mutual Improvement to those whose experience has placed them in po- Associations of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day sitions of trust. Chief among Latter-day Saint Saints, in annual conference assembled, consider it a privilege homes should come respect for the Priesthood, and a duty to declare our feelings and our intentions in this first in the home, thus laying the foundation for serious matter. We believe that the alluring advertisements of tobacco, respect in the ward, stake, and the Church in many cases amounting to moral if not legal misrepresen- throughout life. tation, by which the manufacturers of this damaging narcotic Respect for the Priesthood would seal mothers' have so widely extended its sale, is a conspiracy against our most precious possession, youth. lips against any criticism of leaders in the Church. We believe that the alarming increase since the repeal of Mothers would consider carefully and would come prohibition in the consumption of alcoholic beverages, with to understand that they could not possibly have their ancient evils of disease, poverty, crime and insanity and knowledge of the conditions which prompted cer- their present frightful effect on daily traffic, is also due in very large measure to the same potent influence, advertising. tain speeches and actions from the presiding offi- We believe it is not fair for the sake of gain, to play upon cers. Mothers would be quick to reprimand the the susceptibilities of youth by constantly repeated entice- children who might pick up gossip and retail ments, nor to make boys and girls feel that they will live it. Children learn by example rather than by happier and fuller lives if they use these hurtful things. Guided by the above statements and consistent with the preachment. Mothers in the home by their negli- tradition of the Mutual Improvement Associations, we declare gence and carelessness often undo all that they that in earnest support of the program of the Church we would teach when they do not themselves follow pledge ourselves: what they teach. That we will gladly teach the Word of Wisdom as a di- health: vinely revealed law of Since mothers' responsibility is greater, their That we will cheerfully act on ward or stake committees joy of well-done service is also greater. The wom- as we may be called, or work under their direction in carrying information to homes and in making friendly contact with an's sphere is therefore perhaps the greatest of all individuals; activities, for if the mothers of men set the stand- will strive to diminish the use of alcoholic And that we ards while the youth are still malleable, the world beverages and tobacco by doing all that lies in our power to will attain to those heights which have been fore- curb the false and persuasive advertising of these poisonous and habit-forming drugs, the baleful and alluring publicity told by all the prophets of ancient and modern that is now deluging the country. times. Let women no longer shrug aside their responsibility by repeating catch phrases; rather It is to be hoped that the rising vote of the let them accept the fact that as mothers of men M. I. A. may be only a forerunner and symbol of they can and should mold the world. a rising vote of nationwide effective indignation against these evils which rob us of health, wealth, Fired with purpose, trained in wisdom, filled virtue, and manhood, the promoters of which flaunt with love, mothers can do more than all other lying deception in our faces with apparent im- leaders in implanting in the hearts of their chil- punity, trading for profit the integrity of our youth. dren the ideals and the hopes and dreams of future —R. L. E. achievement. Like many other great of the earth, they will pass unknown into their graves—their (L CrfjomcuilL Sph&hsL lives like shadowy lines moving dimly across the horizon of time. Unhonored, they will be forgot- r pODAY there is much of both beauty and ugliness ten within a few short years; yet the effect of their in the world; much of joy and much of sorrow; lives will be greater than the greatest, for they will much of love and of hate. When talking of ugli- have leavened a whole loaf. Unremembered, the ness, sorrow, and hate, many women have been ever-widening circle of their influence will result in content to say glibly: "Well, it's a man's world; untold good. And they always need to keep in their what can you expect?" The sooner women face hearts the prayer of the ancient psalmist: "Create the facts and accept the responsibility which is in me a clean heart, O God; and renew a right theirs for some of the bad conditions which exist spirit within me." With this prayer constantly today, especially when they fully expect to receive beating in the hearts and uppermost in the minds, praise for the good, they will succeed better in the mothers can easily create the right spirit in the correction of the bad. hearts of the children who have been intrusted to "The hand that rocks the cradle is the hand them by a gracious Creator. They will have made that rules the world," is more than an adage that part of their equipment the true humility which has fallen into disuse. Mothers do have the privi- will permit the Lord to work with them and lend lege of shaping men in the way they should go. them His inspiration when they are most particu- Those things in the world which are harmful can larly in need of it. Their reward will come when be traced somewhat to the negligence of mothers they see the results of their training bearing good who did not fully realize their opportunities when fruits in the fellowship which will come to prevail the youngsters were under their care. throughout the world.—M. C. /.

417 —— ) ^JtoMe

The Utah State Agricultural written into the book in wholly under- College, A History of Fifty Years PRIZE AWARDED standable language. You can begin reading this ( Joel Edward Ricks, Deseret News book on any page and much-prized Houghton, Mifflin Press. 184 pages.) THE though you continue for only a line or fellowship award of $1,000, two, you will have read something in- TThis well-prepared, informative vol- given annually to aid new writers, teresting. The subject matter is worth- was won this year by Miss Maurine ume has been published as part of while Whipple of St. George, Utah, for throughout because it deals with the semi-centennial celebration of the her novel, The Giant Joshua, which the world's greatest music and the men Utah State Agricultural College. when completed will cover three gen- who created it.—/. Spencer Cornwall, It is really the story of how the in- erations of Mormon life in the Dixie Director of the Tabernacle Choir and stitution amidst the changing years has Mission, a heroic venture symbolic Chairman of Literature in the General steadfastly clung to the ideal of the of the entire Mormon experience. Music Committee and Chairman of the founders of the College; namely, that Music Committee of the General Board the intellectual gains of the world must of the Y, M. M. I. A. be used to dignify the common pursuits ful, scholarly book, written out of long Problems and Values of Today of man, that is, the pursuits of the com- experience with the problems involved, man. In this endeavor, farming A Series of Student's Guidebooks mon will be of Church-wide interest, and For the Study of Contemporary Life and the home, the safest foundation especially so because the discussions blocks of our civilization, have been (Eugene Hilton, Ed. D., Little, rise above sectarian differences and ap- the centers around which the college Brown & Company. Two Volumes. proach the problems in a generous and its T^hese volumes won the Atlantic has built manifold activities. The understanding manner. Full attention Utah State Agricultural College dur- Textbook Prize. That is not sur- is given to Latter-day Saint ideals and ing a half-century of life has been true prising, for they the practices for effective family devel- are foremost con- to its trust. tribution in recent days to the education opment. The title does not really The book is a fascinating glimpse of of young people in the do justice to the work, for somewhere problems of a most important chapter of Utah his- our "contemporary life." The correct or other on its pages practically tory a vital part of the intellectual understanding of our changing is — every problem of courtship, mar- days story of the State. the nation's, perhaps the world's, great- riage, and parenthood is discussed. There are twelve chapters in the est need, for the establishment of per- Nevertheless, Dr. Wieman is true to book : Background, The Federal Land manent peace and prosperity. this her thesis in pointing out as her central To Grant Act, Utah Establishes an Agri- problem these volumes address thought the responsibility of the Church them- cultural College and Experiment Sta- selves fearlessly and intelligently. There in furthering all family interests. tion, President Jeremiah Sanborn is no attempt to take sides, but a definite W. All informed people will agree with An Appreciation by Professor T. effort is made to lead the students to John Dr. Wieman's constant plea for edu- Caine, The Early Years, Progress and comprehend the conditions, causes, and cation for family life. She says, (p. 34) Conflict, Reconciliation and Growth, possible corrections involved in our "Many parents will spend from fifty to War and Peace, Expansion, Under the civilized life. five thousand dollars on the wedding Block A., Student Body Activities, and A simple but effective method is em- fete, but not one penny on appropriate Bibliography. In an Appendix are ployed. The volumes are divided into education for marriage." Only by edu- listed all trustees, faculty members, and twenty units, dealing with twenty cation, through Church and State, shall student body officers of the college dur- themes of major concern in we be able to succor married and fam- American ing the history of the school. life. Each theme is fully outlined, the ily life from its present distress. Dr. Ricks, Professor of History and associated problems concisely The four parts of the book, each stated, Chairman of the semi-centennial cele- and a series of exercises set up to secure crowded with valuable facts and con- bration, has produced a painstakingly thinking on the part of the student. clusions, are: The Family in the Life A accurate volume, in which with deft vast amount of information is made of Today; The Church and Its Relation judgment he avoids issues that are dead available in the discussions; and the to the Family; The Church at Work and clings to the spirit and progressive exercises might with profit be studied with the Family; and Facing into the achievements of the college. by all Americans. effective The Future. Numerous epochs of college history are made to illustrations, drawn by Ruth Taylor, This book, up-to-date, fearless yet parallel the administrations of the sev- and reproductions of photographs ac- wise in its treatment, is one of the few eral college presidents, and personal- company the text. that may be heartily recommended to ities appear and move on every page The unit theme titles indicate wide all who are interested in the most im- a device which holds and increases in- and important fields: We and Our portant problems of family life. terest. In the space at his command, World, Our Sources of Information, —/. A. W. the author has done an excellent piece Government, Suffrage, Democratic of work. Stories Behind the World's Government, Health and Safety, The author and the college are to be Great Music Wealth, Money, Spiritual Values, Re- congratulated upon the production of lation of the United States to Other ( Sigmund Spaeth, McGraw-Hill, this attractive volume, which should be Nations, Adjusting Personality to Re- New York. 371 pages. $2.50.) in the library of every lover of Utah ality, Education, Economic Organiza- Tn these days when we should have history.—/. A. W. tion and Activities, The Common the slogan read, "Music for every- Man's Outlook, Home and Family, The Modern Family and one and everyone for music," such a Plans and Planning, "Sore Spots," Se- the Church book as Sigmund Spaeth's Stories be- curity, People Needing Special Care, hind the World's Greatest Music is a Looking Forward. However, the mere ( Regina Westcott Wieman, Harper wholesome addition to any layman's & Brothers, 1937. 407 pages.) titles are poor representations of the library or list of "Books I Have Read." wealth of thought and material under 'The home with its manifold relation- The exhilarating semi-humorous each. ships has always been a concern style of the author together with the The volumes were prepared for use of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter- many authentic bits of history and ap- in the first two years of high schools, day Saints. Therefore, this thought- praisals of men and their music are (Concluded on page 420) 418 diamine^ GLOBE "A1" BISCUIT FLOUR SUMMER READING

r azy days—reading days—are here *"* again, and all of us should take the time and improve the mind—even if we are too lazy to do much about bracing the body. Books for old and young will be found on library shelves, where there are libraries—and where there are no libraries, groups of people can do much themselves to satisfy this urge to keep abreast of the modern books and magazines. One group has adopted •jtfWtf.-. a workable plan by using an exchange system. Since the individual members could not afford all magazines and books, each family subscribed for one magazine, read it, listed it, and passed it to another, keeping a record of the person to whom it was lent. This family then borrowed someone else's mag- SU azine, passed it to those who originally *OAY CAyr purchased it when it was finished, who /C/CFM in turn lent it to someone else. In this way, all the group received the benefit UKip 'Reel,***<•" L'NGsK of the latest magazines with less ex- *o„, pense than any one of them could afford Handiest thing individually. (Concluded on page 420) .M" NiEAT PIE on yourkitchen shelf CRUST box) (Recipe ,n

Summer is such a tearing good ONCE you find out how many good time for the children that you had things besides biscuits you can make TU better look to the ease of keeping ^t>AY quickly easily with them in clothes which will launder and Globe "Al" "A1»

easily, bear the brunt of rough play, Biscuit Flour . . . hardly a day will and keep them neat looking. All pass but what you'll reach for that of these requisites can be met by putting them in Levi Strauss over- yellow package with the blue chevron! alls. Be to ask for Levi's. sure Fluffy dumplings, flaky meat pie WEDNESDAY crusts, apple dumplings, fruit cob- Ummm! Good! Raspberries are blers, nut bread, cheese straws, short- coming into the market—and won't cakes, they taste good in this recipe? Even coffee cakes and lots of other HAM ROLL if seeing isn't believing, tasting is: good things almost "make them- so here goes: selves" when you use Globe "Al" RASPBERRY BRAN GEMS Biscuit Flour, because the important ingredients are already measured and 1 c. Globe "Al" flour mixed for you ... so carefully meas- 1 c. Globe "Al" whole wheat flour 1 c. Globe "Al" table bran ured, so expertly mixed, that success ° n box) 2 tsp. baking powder is assured before you start. Buy a 1/2 t. soda 1 t. salt package of Globe "Al" Biscuit Flour FRIDAY 4 tbsp. sugar today, the thrifty shortcut to "Al" 1 egg 2 tbsp. Globe "Al" oil meals! PUFF y% c. raspberry jam on box) IV2 c. buttermilk (Recipe

Sift white flour, measure, add other dry ingredients and mix well. Add slightly beaten egg blended with oil, then add jam and milk; *f^ stir well. Bake in oiled muffin tin in a hot oven (400 degrees) about *»££»* 20 to 25 minutes. When raspberry time is over, you might try other jams—and you'll like them, well, if not quite so well, at least better than the average!

And, of course, for that buttermilk to use in those raspberry bran gems —and to drink this hot weather you must try Midwest Dairy Company for the very best that money can buy. \mSm!£mm 419 —— — —

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938

deep affection from its readers, who thusiasm and his knowledge can well {BodL (Rode will range from the age of Jody through be made to function in the lives of all adulthood.—M. C. children. M. C. {Concluded from page 418) /. /. but would be equally satisfactory in the A Sewing Laboratory Guide Laughing Odyssey the volumes, ( Eileen Bigland, Macmillan Company, upper two years. Indeed, (May Billings, Brigham Young Uni- compared with many college texts, versity Press, Provo, Utah, 114 pages, San Francisco, 1938. 307 pages. $2.50.) could be used profitably by competent $1.50.) teachers in college classes. Moreover, f^oiNG to Russia in search of happi- the admirable objectives, contents, and A^ay Billings, clothing instructor at *•"*• ^ ness may sound contradictory, but methods should make these books most Brigham Young University, has that is what sent Eileen Bigland on her acceptable for the multitude of study written this guide, primarily for use in "Fantastic Journey"- and what is even clubs throughout the land. her own classes. However, it is really — more fantastic, she found much happi- Era readers will be glad to know that a book which any woman who sincerely ness. Hilariously amusing at times, the Dr. Hilton is president of the Oakland wishes to learn the fundamentals of book can become stimulating to Stake of Zion.—/. A. W. sewing could use constantly. The Guide does not presume to replace thought. In this book as in Anne Lindbergh's North to the Orient, the commercial patterns. It is designed to help the untrained person use them emphasis was laid on the Russian peo- dtewdnq* ple themselves. intelligently, at the same time building M. C. J. (Concluded from page 419) a definite way of mastering the technical difficulties of sewing. Macmillan's Modern Dictionary In handling books, one member Cutting, fitting, and the common (Compiled and edited under the bought a book and charged five cents problems of all garment construction supervision of Bruce Overton, for everyone who read it until the are analyzed in a step by step proce- Macmillan Company. 1466 pages. original price was repaid. Everything dure which is clearly illustrated in a $3.50.) over and above the cost was then put simple manner which will appeal to the into the treasury against the purchase home sewer as well as the trained 'T'his readable dictionary should find of another book. In this way, the group teacher. Of particular interest is the a ready market. The type-size is has built quite an up-to-date, worth- method for making evening skirts with- an improvement over the smaller type while library. Of course, if you have out turning them up on the person; the dictionaries now generally published; the money, you will buy many of these setting in of sleeves which is accom- the thumb-index is all visible from the books for your personal book shelves. plished with absolute success if follow- time when the dictionary is opened; all "Where there's a will, there's a way" ed carefully. material, biographical and topograph- —in the matter of getting good books The Guide is made loose-leaf style to ical, is placed in one section, conserving to read. permit the admission of new material. time and energy in looking for material. —M.B. Bruce Overton is an accepted name The Golden Sleeve in the field of letters and lends au- (Agnes Danforth Hewes, Doubleday, Introducing the Constellations thoritativeness to the stupendous un- Doran & Co., 1937, 280 pages, (Robert H. Baker, Viking Press, dertaking of compilation of a new dic- $2.00.) New York City, 205 pages. tionary. M. C, J. 1938. $2.50.) dventure is always appealing to A boys—and adventure aplenty they A group of children to whom this Junior Boat Builder will find in this story of the Golden ** book was given, immediately don- (H. H. Gilmore, Macmillan West. The story deals with the ex- ned their coats on a bitter night, turned Company, San Francisco, 1938. periences of Bart Sterling, who ar- on the outside light so that they might 87 pages. $1.25.) rived in the West to spend the sum- read, and proceeded to find the con- TT[7"hat boy doesn't thrill to the idea mer vacation with an uncle, only to stellations so fascinatingly told about vv of using his hands to make things find that the uncle has disappeared. His in the book. That incident alone to enliven his hours of leisure? When experiences are excitingly told. should prove the usefulness of the book in the Junior Boat Builder he finds the Mrs. Hewes, the author, knows the and the interest which it arouses in the needed information in a readily under- country she describes and, in addition, minds of would-be astronomers. standable manner, mother can be as- knows how to tell a stirring tale. How- The illustrations are plentiful, help- sured that his time will be profitably ever, this book is not quite up to the ful, and attractive. Most adults will occupied. In addition to the clear in- standard she set when she wrote The find the book worth their reading. Mr. structions, seventeen plates adequately Codfish Musket, which all boys will Baker is Professor in Astronomy at — illustrate the cutting and assembling enjoy reading. M. C. /. the University of Illinois and his en- plans. The book will be a boon for The Yearling the summer months when time might (Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, Charles otherwise hang heavily or mischiev- ously children's hands. Scribner's Sons, New York, 1938. on —M. C. /. 428 pages. $2.00.) Lisa Vale HPhe southern scene of inland Florida (Alice Higgins Prouty, Houghton * comes to life under the spell of Mrs. Mifflin Co., Boston, 1938. $2.50. Rawling's glorious story of twelve- 404 pages.) year-old Jody, his mother and father, and friends. Rich in beauty of back- HThe mother of a modern American ground and setting, the book is even family can appreciate somewhat the richer in the creation of unforgettable experiences of Lisa Vale, the mother in characters. this book. Her problems are an out- In the love for nature stimulated growth of the current acceptance of through the book, in the industry of the liquor without education in the harmful people who walk through its pages, in results from its indulgence. The moth- the wholesome reaction manifested to er's insistence on preserving the family life throughout its pages, this book de- pattern is welcome relief from the serves wide recognition and will win A SPIRAL NEBULA IN THE BIG DIPPER tendency to easy disruption. M. C. /. 420 —

Self-Improvement in Reading Pitkin, Newton, Langham, McGraw- S^ocji&a with, Hill Book Company, Inc., York, New // 1937. 122 pages. 56 cents.)

will for his "VISUAL AID "Pitkin be remembered * capable book, The Art of Rapid Silent Reading. His companion authors ML JthjL QotifohmjOL 7JtlAALO/L for this exercise book were also his collaborators in the book, Learning By J. SHELBY ARRIGONA How to Learn, which was reviewed in Formerly the Mission The Improvement Era for September, of California 1936, page 562. With the increase in "Delieving with Tennyson that "things soe and Dr. F. S. Harris, Jr., and books, naturally we all shall have to ^ seen are mightier than things also had on his desk copies of Why learn to read better. The exercises in heard," the missionaries of the Cali- I Believe the Book of Mormon to this book are designed to help all read- fornia Mission are using visual aids to be the Word of God, and Mormon ers check the speed in reading as well introduce the Book of Mormon to Doctrine Plain and Simple. A lecture as the comprehension of what is read. those who are not acquainted with its was scheduled in the store auditorium, The book consists of three divisions: teachings. Our reception has been so and we were introduced to an assem- the selections for reading, the questions cordial and our results so gratifying, blage of four hundred persons as mis- on the selections, and the keys to the that it seems worth while to relate some sionaries of the Church of Jesus Christ correct answers. of our experiences. of Latter-day Saints, and were assured The book is well worth the cost. During the year 1937 Elders Wallace of our welcome to return and give the Even the best of us tends to become King, Dee C. Anderson, Sterling All- program again. careless unless we keep in practice. red, and Shelby Arrigona, pre- Another success came in booking our The musician never ceases his exer- J. sented an illustrated slide lecture, pre- program for the Lecture Room of the cises. Since all of us must read, we pared by the Church Radio Publicity Los Angeles Public Library. Hundreds should never cease our practice to be- and Mission Literature Committee, be- of letters were written to school and come better readers. M. C. J. fore more than 50,000 persons. The club directors throughout the city in- ruins which are being unearthed in viting them to review our lecture at that Tal of the Four Tribes Mexico, Central, and South America, time. Five hundred people were in (Herbert Best, Doubleday, Doran have furnished subject material for the attendance, and evidenced interest in and Co., Inc., Garden City, New program. The presentation has been the subject. We were privileged to York, 1938. 295 pages. $2.00.) applauded wherever it has been given answer many questions concerning the of also to book Cince the time when Livingstone first and requests for it were at times too Book Mormon and many dates for the lecture to be pre- ^ penetrated into the African wilder- numerous to accommodate during the sented in various civic organizations. ness to the present, adventure and mys- time allotted in some localities. As a desired in particular that the tery have been associated with the result of this particular emphasis a We total of 13,387 of high school and college students of name "Africa". Into this book of fic- Books Mormon were distributed in Los Angeles County should hear our tion for boys, Mr. Best has cleverly the California Mission during 1937. message. We called on the chairman woven a story which will appeal for its objective of the assembly programs committee drama and which will leave positive Our paramount has been of the city schools and explained our ideas as to what must be required of to present the lecture before members of service clubs, colleges, high schools, purpose. After much questioning, he those who would be leaders.—M. C. J. hospitals, department stores, and hotels. finally allowed us to present the program before the students teachers The Nuggets of Singing Creek In meeting with the heads of these and organizations, found of two schools. We remained at each (Grace S. Dawson, Doubleday, various we them willing to cooperate with us, school an entire day, lecturing to in- Doran and Co., Inc., Garden City, eager and dividual history classes. During that New York, 1938. 304 pages. making the scheduling of the lectures a pleasant task. Their interest is evi- time we appeared before 1,600 students. $2.00.) denced by the following experience: We then requested the principals of the T17hat lad wouldn't be delighted at One of our first contacts was with the schools to report their rating of the ^* the prospect of sailing from Bos- Venerable Master of the Scottish Rite program to the committee chairman, ton via Cape Horn? And that wasn't Order of Masonry. Though he is a and within a few days we returned to all the adventure either, for when the prominent lawyer and banker, he was his office. He gave us a letter of in- hero arrived in California, he was right happy to discuss Mormonism with us. troduction to the administrators of all in the midst of the gold rush and had to He had a good understanding of our schools under his jurisdiction, and in fight for his rights along with his father religious teachings and praised our or- the letter gave our program a superior against claim jumpers and various ruth- ganization highly. A recent trip through rating. less men. How he met the situations Utah, and his understanding of our With this as an opening we visited forms the basis for a good yarn. tenets, opened up the way for an high school principals, and college pres- audience of four hundred Scottish Rite idents, and within twenty days 13,000 —M. C. /. Masons to hear our lecture. That it pupils had heard our story. The Runaway Deer was appreciated by them is certain, due We have been welcomed similarly (Barbara Fleury and Illustrated by to the fact that we were able to secure by the leaders and students of Cath- Lilly Sompii, Macmillan Company. other engagements through the recom- olic Schools, and more than 2000 of their students already $1.00.) mendations of the members attending have heard our this lecture. message. More than 3000 Indians have "pOR younger children, this illustrated One day we met with the Director also listened to our presentation. *" story of Gus, the baby deer, will of Public Relations of one of Cali- Repeatedly principals and teachers prove entertaining. Indirectly, the les- fornia's leading department stores and have remarked to us that their out- son of security in the home is taught. explained our work to him. He re- standing students are members of our Although the young deer found ad- ceived us courteously and spoke re- Church. Perhaps they have been puz- venture in his experiences away from spectfully of the Church leaders with zled by this fact, but the reason is quite home, he finally decided that the best whom he had associated. We found apparent when we acquaint them with place of all was his own deer park. that he had carefully read Seven Claims the many opportunities the Church — offers its members. M. C. ]. of the Book of Mormon, by Dr. Widt- 421 — —

CONDUCTED BY THE MELCHIZEDEK PRIESTHOOD COMMITTEE OF THE COUNCIL OF THE TWELVE JOSEPH FIELDING SMITH, CHAIRMAN; MELVIN J, BALLARD, JOHN A. WIDTSOE, AND JOSEPH F. MERRILL COURSE OF STUDY rums. One of the most important and ance and could well be discussed by the valuable is the training of the quorums stake Melchizedek Priesthood com- T_Tas course of study been enjoyed the in the manner of conducting meetings, in mittees. far this all the so year by Priest- the duties of the various officers, and hood classes? We hope so, for this generally in the proper conduct of the STAKE MELCHIZEDEK PRIEST- indicate things that the would two — business of the quorum. In visits to HOOD COMMITTEES classes have been well conducted and the quorums such matters could profit- Ts all going well with Priesthood that the members have done their part. ably be discussed with the quorum of- * in stake? According It is necessary that both of these fac- ficers. quorums each tors shall be present for the fullest en- to reports there is a decided improve- joyment of the course. FOR THE QUORUM SECRETARY ment in the activities of many quorums. To do their part well is it not neces- This is a cause of thankfulness and 'T'he secretary of a quorum composed sary that the members shall study the congratulation to all responsible for the of ward groups should compile the lessons? How can they study them if improvement, among whom we name group records to reported to the they do not have the textbook written be the stake committees, the quorum of- stake clerk. The ward group secre- by Dr. and Sister Widtsoe? This book ficers and the members. tary should report to the quorum sec- is one of the very best for the Priest- Shall we not keep in mind that the retary, who in turn will report the com- hood and the home that has ever been quorums or groups of Priesthood will piled information to the stake clerk. provided for quorum use. Certainly not be making satisfactory progress The ward groups must not become officers and teachers should make sure unless the stake committees and the separate entities; they are but divisions that each class is well supplied with the quorum and group officers are energetic of the quorum. For that reason, also, textbook. This is their duty. and devoted to their leadership and it is very important that every quorum We say again that those who pro- supervisory duties? The rank and file made up of ward groups meet as a quo- vide the family meals should have a do not outrun their leaders. rum at least once a month, and that knowledge of the contents of this book, regularly. We admonish stake presidencies to particularly of Chapters 9 to 15 in- see that quorums are kept fully officer- clusive. Therein are presented the A TEACHING DEVICE ed with suitable men in the presidencies. positive aspects of the Lord's law of We urge stake committees to be dili- health, the Word of Wisdom. Tn some quorums the class instructor gent and enthusiastic in their super- How can we have health if we do calls upon different men at different visory duties. They have committed not know what to eat and drink in sessions to serve as class instructors. to their hands a very important job. A order to maintain health? The Word In that way during a month several new life among the quorums will give Wisdom a Modern Interpretation, of — men are given practice in teaching un- evidence of the activities of these com- is a book that clearly but briefly tells der the guidance of the quorum in- mittees. us about these things. It can be ob- structor. This, if not carried too far, An earnest request made of these tained in either a cloth, or paper-bound might be tried out in many quorums. committees is that they see to it that edition, in the latter at 50c per copy, quarterly report of every quorum from the Deseret Book Company. THE MONTHLY QUORUM the shall be promptly made to them and We again call these things to the MEETING sent on to the Church Office Build- attention of our readers, knowing we copy should pro- ing, Salt Lake City. Further, the re- shall do a service to all who read and A regular program be ** ports should be complete. The neces- practice the teachings of this excellent vided for the monthly Priesthood sary information should be readily ob- book. Joseph F. Merrill. quorum meetings. The quorums are at liberty to choose the subject to be tainable from quorum and bishop's PERSONAL WELFARE discussed. Matters of quorum business, records. COMMITTEE of course, should be taken up, and all FURTHER ON THE T'he Personal Welfare committees of other routine quorum matters, but, in WORD addition, a full forty minutes should be PRIESTHOOD COMMITTEES the quorums cannot accomplish devoted to some subject dealing with their duties satisfactorily unless they Tn the May issue of the Improvement Gospel principles. Questions and an- maintain a series of cards, one for each * Era, under the Melchizedek Priest- swers should be encouraged, and the member of the quorum, on which is hood quorum, beginning on page 294, hour be made a happy, interesting and listed information concerning all quo- there appeared a graph outlining the profitable one. rum members. This means that the organization for the supervision of Personal Welfare committee should LEADERSHIP TRAINING Melchizedek Priesthood quorums in make a survey of the membership of each stake. The graph showed the the quorum to learn of their financial, T'he stake Melchizedek Priesthood stake Melchizedek Priesthood commit- mental and spiritual needs. With this committees could profitably engage tee to be composed of a member of the information at hand the committee in leadership training among the Priest- stake presidency, as chairman; not should with all its might attempt to hood quorums. This might involve the more than three members of the stake supply the apparent needs as far as it is preparation of special programs for the high council, with a representative from able as a committee to do so, and to regular monthly meetings, dealing with one or more quorums of Elders, Sev- call upon the bishops for further assist- questions and methods of leadership. enties, and High Priests within the ance whenever that may be necessary. In this Church, every man may at one stake, this committee to supervise the TRAINING FOR QUORUM time or another be called to a position work of Priesthood groups and quo- BUSINESS of leadership. There is no special body rums in the stake. of leaders in the Church. All should It appears that in the minds of some 'T'he stake Melchizedek Priesthood hold themselves ready for is confusion as to whether or not A service as there committees have many oppor- they may be needed. For that reason this stake Melchizedek Priesthood com- tunities for serving the Priesthood quo- leadership training is of great import- mittee automatically does away with 422 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938

the stake Welfare committee function- ing in connection with the Church ANTI-LIQUOR-TOBACCO COLUMN Welfare Plan, and if both committees are to be continued, then just what re- LITERATURE Further, the plan calls for the most lationship should exist between these thorough and complete anti-liquor to- "VITe regret that we failed to send two committees. "" bacco crusade ever undertaken in the some literature to the field, ac- Church. Booklets, folders, leaflets, The stake Welfare committee is to cording to an announcement made in projection machines, be continued as before, with a member billboards, movies, the June Era, p. 61. This was due to radio, magazines of the stake presidency as chairman, and newspapers will, some unavoidable delays. So it was it is hoped, all their the following as play part. But the with members: Stake not until that the General Com- June whole plan is based director, chairman of the Bish- upon personal con- work mittee the first shipment to the made tact, the primary missionary ops' executive council, stake Relief method of field of any literature. This was a the Church. president, stake Relief Society Society booklet entitled Alcohol Talks To So the call is to all stakes, wards, work director, and secretary, if desired. Youth, which went out to the chairmen Priesthood quorums, and auxiliaries to In order to harmonize the work of of stake Melchizedek Priesthood com- cooperate fully in order that the cam- these two committees, because of re- mittees accompanied by instructions on paign may from this time go vigorously sponsibility they may have occasional- what to do with the shipment. forward. ly in common, it is advised that the This booklet will be read with great same member of the stake presidency interest by all into whose hands it be named as chairman of both these comes. It is brief, attractively written AN IMPRESSIVE PLEDGE committees, so that should the occasion and printed, and brim full of solid facts require, these committees, composed about alcohol that every one—drinker A n impressive sight was witnessed in of Priesthood representatives, and the or not—will want to know. Alcohol the Salt Lake Tabernacle on the stake Welfare committee above named, tells a story about himself in such a occasion of the Mutual Improvement could meet together jointly and there charming and truthful way that all, Conference meeting Friday, June 10, formulate such plans for the directing young and old, will be delighted on 1938, when four thousand officers and of welfare work among the Priesthood reading it. The language of the story is teachers of the great M. I. A. enthusi- quorums of the stake, in cooperation simple, clear and eloquent. It is ex- astically and unanimously adopted by a with the Church Welfare Plan, as may pected that every member of the standing vote the sentiments and pledge be desired. If this plan of relationship Church over twelve years of age will reprinted on page 417. is understood and applied, it should be given opportunity to read the book- The great organization that took the avoid any confusion or misunderstand- let. pledge knew that it was acting in har- ing that might otherwise arise. mony with the attitude of the Church on ORGANIZATION the matters contained in the statement. WELFARE PROJECTS — The Church does strongly advocate "NJow the question arises "Is the field As Reported by the Church keeping the Word of Wisdom by all ™ organized to distribute the book- Welfare Committee its members and other people as well. let?" The organization recommended The Church is stoutly opposed to smok- "pLDER Joseph E. Geertsen reports was outlined in the April Era, p. 232 ing of tobacco and drinking of alco- *"*' the following project which the and the May Era, p. 296. It is hoped holic beverages and to the persuasive First Quorum of Elders in the 5th that the stake and ward committees and falsifying advertisements of these Ward of Mount Ogden Stake is un- have all been set up, the Church mem- narcotics. dertaking : bership in the wards assigned to can- vassers, etc. When it is remembered that in 1937 We spent much time and thought in at- As soon as they are ready other there was spent in the United States for tempting to work out a project which advertising cigarettes the vast sum of would be both sensible and profitable. Be- pieces of literature—booklets, folders, $30,754,854 and that 137.1 billions of ing a city ward it appeared that an agri- etc., will shortly be sent to the field. cultural project was impractical. We de- Thus the committees will all have ma- cigarettes were sold we get some idea cided that, since we are in an urban district terial to keep them busy. Hence every of the magnitude of the evil from which and surrounded on all sides by farming stake and ward should organize its we would like our people to become communities which have a surplus that goes committee, if this has not been done, entirely free. to waste every year, the members of the without further delay. heartily commend the great Elders' quorum, together with their wives, We personal contact I. firm would meet at least once a month and The plan calls for a M. A. for the and loyal stand preserve fruits and vegetables which we with every member of the Church, cer- they have taken. And we might add can obtain for nothing from these farm- tainly every one over twelve years that the General Boards of all the aux- ing districts. During the months of the old, to interest him or her in the cam- iliary organizations are likewise heart- year when we cannot preserve fruits and paign. The book named above will ily cooperating in the Church-wide vegetables we decided to make quilts. appeal to all of these. anti-liquor-tobacco campaign.

We sincerely appreciate the assistance » we receive from our wives. They are always willing to help with the project. It Another interesting instance of ac- it not be cheaper to make additional could not be a success without their work complishment for the Priesthood comes donations in cash?" Besides, some said cooperation. it and Though may be hard from Mantua, Box Elder Stake. When it is too late to start farming now. to believe, the Elders are doing their share the subject of a Priesthood quorum pro- The ward Welfare committee de- of the work in tying and quilting. After ject was first proposed, many of the cided, however, to present the matter several hours' work we have a social with brethren thought that such a project to the High Priests, Seventies, some form of entertainment, and then serve and of refreshments. The meetings are held in would hardly be worth-while because Elders in their Sunday morning Priest- the various homes of quorum members. Our the fact that the dry land of that section hood class. This group decided to call first meeting had twelve in attendance and could yield not more than from 12 to a special meeting of all the Priesthood, since then the numbers have increased. All 15 bushels to the acre, and irrigated both Melchizedek and Aaronic. Pres- who have participated speak very highly land seemed to be entirely unavailable. ident William C. Horsley and Bishop of the work and the enjoyment they re- Moreover, it appeared that in the sum- Anton M. Hansen of the stake com- ceive at these meetings. Some have re- mer time able-bodied men were over- mittee were invited to attend. At this quested that we hold them oftener than crowded with work, and so the ques- meeting it was learned that 30 acres of once a month. Thus far we have made tions naturally dry farmland and several quilts and are looking forward to arose: "Why have pro- two acres of irrigated the season when we can start preserving jects when the busy people would be land could be secured with the under- vegetables and fruits. burdened with more work? Would (Concluded on page 424) 423 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938

rum offers everything that a lodge tet, might be reached through the so- Melchizedek Priesthood does. cial activities of the quorum and in a {Concluded [com page 422) The quorum miscellaneous commit- musical way. tee deals with the social life of the standing that the water assessment be The Church music committee has quorum. Social life is important to worked out on the irrigated land. The provided for the Church choirs a con- make for fraternity. Men get better brethren decided that the cultivating siderable amount of music, suitable for acquainted in one social evening than and planting of the land was not only the maintenance not only of singing probably in half a dozen quorum meet- practical but desirable, because they groups in the quorum, but also for ings. A social brings the wives of believed that by bringing the brethren ward choirs. This material will be the brethren into activity. The wife together as a group they would develop found at the Deseret Book Company. if she becomes interested, can do much a fraternal spirit as well as produce Please become familiar with and utilize to stimulate and inspire the husband food for those who might be in need. it. Choirs must have new music to be- to activity in his quorum. At least once work director was asked to come interested and to supply the peo- A ward every three months there should be make the necessary arrangements for ple with new and interesting music. a quorum social function. If it is often- the land and to call on the men who er, even once a month, it would not The Lord has said, at the conclusion would be needed to cultivate and plant hurt; but certainly a quorum that goes of Section 107 in the Doctrine and the crop. The 30 acres of wheat were a year without a social function is not Covenants: planted first, and then work was im- very much alive or alert or awake. mediately started on the potato land, Wherefore, now let every man learn We urge that you utilize the social op- his duty, and to act in the office in which and at the proper time the potatoes portunities of your quorum through the he is appointed, in all diligence. were planted. In the fall, crops were miscellaneous committee, to create that He that is slothful shall not be counted harvested. closer contact, better fellowship, good worthy to stand, and he that learns not In addition to these two projects, himself not approved feeling, and human interest in each his duty and shows others in the ward, and particularly the shall not be counted worthy to stand. other, which came through social ac- bishop, made a liberal donation of ap- tivity. Our right and title to these blessings ples, of which he had a surplus crop. Music stimulates interest. The is in jeopardy unless we see to it as These were harvested by quorum mem- Church music committee has author- shepherds of the flock that we save bers. It was then discovered that there ized the publication of a little volume these men, by providing them with ac- were some shade trees that needed to of songs, compiled by Spencer Corn- tivity, by keeping them interested, by be removed, and these were up-rooted, J. wall, a member of our committee and having their lives subscribe to their moved away, and a wood project in- the leader of the Tabernacle Choir, professions—for no man should re- augurated. For the most part these entitled "Sacred Choruses For Male ceive this Priesthood without oath and projects were carried on by quorum Voices." This arrangement of some covenant that he will personally live members at a time when they were seventy-five songs is available at the up to the standards of the High Priest, extremely busy. They made a real Deseret Book Company at 75c a copy the Seventy, or the Elder, and will sacrifice, but they worked cheerfully, or $8.00 a dozen. These are splendid magnify his calling. When we ordain unitedly, and industriously, and a spirit arrangements of our own songs and men to the Priesthood we should im- of brotherliness and love was created suitable choruses for male voices. With press upon them that they are enter- which repaid many times over for the this help it would be easily possible ing into a sacred covenant. I would sacrifices which they made. for a group of Elders or Seventies or not object to having them lift up their As a result of the projects they pro- High Priests to present a fine chorus. hands and make the covenant before duced 170 bushels of wheat, 25,145 The man with a good voice who has their brethren, as they receive the pounds of potatoes, and 1,600 pounds not been coming to quorum meetings Priesthood, that they will try to live of winter apples which were turned may be invited to join a quorum quar- up to all Priesthood requirements. over to the stake storehouse to assist in carrying on the Welfare plan. Dur- ing the past winter a number of families MELCHIZEDEK OUTLINE OF STUDY FOR AUGUST who were the recipients of the foods Text: The Word of Wisdom—A Modern Interpretation, by John A. produced in these projects were able Widtsoe and Leah D. Widtsoe. to assist in other ward activities in re- payment of the commodities which they LESSON XX IV. Breakfast Cereals. received. The ward population in the Grains as Food 1. Whole grain. Mantua Ward is 375 persons. Of (First Part of Chapter 12) 2. Highly milled. 3. whole-grain this number 94 members participated Note to Class Leaders: The following Why products are lesson given in somewhat shorter better food. in the projects, and the enthusiasm was may be a period and the extra time taken for a Questions, Problems, Projects so irresistible that two men who were review of some other lesson which may 1. Where are grains most used as human not members of the Church asked per- have been given hurriedly. food? Where is their use limited? Why is mission to join in and help. I. Grains as "Staff of Life." this so? their report the In concluding Man- 1. Their general use since prehistoric 2. What is the meaning of the term tua Ward committee says: "We feel times. "Staff of Life"? What foods best fit that that this Church Welfare plan is one 2. Increased use as agriculture im- requirement? Discuss the reasons therefor. of the most progressive things the proved. 3. In what food principle are grains most Church has ever introduced. We are 3. Keeping qualities. lacking and how may this deficiency be profoundly grateful for the experiences 4. Economy of use. met? What is the danger if cereal foods 5. Source of energy. form too largely the of the diet? we have had during the past season." bulk II. Composition of Grains. 4. Why should whole grain foods and QUORUM SOCIAL EVENTS— 1. Contain the six classes of food con- cereals be given the preference for normal stituents. digestion? By Elder Melvin J. Ballard 2. Proportions differ in different 5. Make a survey of your family food \kjz are anxious that we build Priest- grains. for the past month and report on its ade- "* hood quorums into a brotherhood. 3. Good source of body minerals. quacy regarding the necessary food min- The quorum committees suggested, if 4. Rich in vitamin content. erals and vitamins so necessary for good active, would provide everything that a 5. Protein good but not always the nutrition. Why are grain products—if used best. properly valuable to those have fraternity or brotherhood, or even a —so who III. Variety of Grains. a limited income as well as for those whose lodge, offers to men. We have no quar- 1. Different grains used in different budget for food is more liberal? rel for the other fellow, but with lodges countries. 6. Report on the cost of the devitalized we have no need of lodges in this 2. Reasons for varying use. or packaged grain products you may use Church, because the Priesthood quo- 3. Analysis different grains. in your family for one week as compared 424 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938 with the cost of natural, unmilled grains. Questions, Problems, Projects III. The Milling of Wheat. What do you pay for a bushel of grain 1. Explain how and why starches and 1. For use as breakfast foods and in the form of packaged breakfast cereal? sugar duplicate each other in human di- bread. gestion. 2. Reasons for the refining process. LESSON XXI 2. Review the manufacture and use of 3. Results of the refining process. Carbohydrate Foods sugar as human food. 4. Advantages and disadvantages of (Second Part of Chapter 12.) 3. Refer to the statement made by Mc- world-wide shipping facilities. I. Starch and Sugar. Collum on page 180 of the text. Discuss IV. White Bread as Food. 1. All food carbohydrates are starches fully. 1. Advantages. or sugars. 4. Why is fat not always a sign of 2. Contains practically no vitamins 2. Starch is made up of simple sugar health? What warning do you receive and little of food minerals. groups. from the picture on page 178? 3. Opinions as to its value vary, 3. All food carbohydrates except milk 5. Enumerate the disadvantages and though its use is almost universal. sugar are formed in the vegetable dangers in the over-use of carbohydrate 4. Nutrition experts agree that if used kingdom. foods, especially those of sugar. How may vitamins, minerals and roughage these findings of science improve the dietary II. Digestion of Starch. must be supplied from some other of your family and others? 1. Most starch-containing foods source. 6. How and why should the "soda foun- should be well-cooked. 5. The dangers from such advice. tain 2. starch is into habit" be controlled? What rule In digestion changed (See p. 189.) component simple sugars. should be applied to everyone, to children especially, in V. Use of hot breads. 3. Using sugar with starchy food is the use of candy as food? dietetic duplication. 7. How may wisdom be shown in the 1. Often used to excess. use of fat 4. Duplicating sugar and starchy food carbohydrate food. Discuss, and 2. Combinations with or sugar, apply to the diet yourself if underdone, difficult of is a dietetic indiscretion. of and friends. especially digestion. 5. The liver is the great regulator and LESSON XXII storage plant of sugar in the body. "Wheat For Man" 3. Dr. Rose's advice. 4. Wisdom and knowledge needed. 6. Carbohydrate excess, stored as (First Part of Chapter 13) fatty tissue in the body. I. Wheat as Human Food. Questions, Problems, Projects 7. Mixtures of starchy and fat foods 1. Contains all necessary food prin- 1. Why is wheat a good food for man? difficult to digest. ciples but not in needed propor- Describe the composition and structure of 8. Danger from overeating carbohy- tions. the wheat kernel. drate food especially by those with 2. May well be termed "a staff of 2. Give a survey of the use of wheat as limited food budget. life." human food—in ancient times and today. III. Sugar as Food. 3. Use in past centuries. 3. Analyze the table showing wheat con- 1. Use of sugar in past centuries. 4. Use today. tent found on page 187. 2. Ease of manufacture has increased II. Structure and Composition: See il- 4. What is your opinion regarding the production. lustration on page 186. present practice of milling wheat into the concentrated food 3. Most highly 1. Bran, germ and endosperm. high patent flour? What are the ad- eaten by man. 2. Bran and germ rich in minerals vantages and disadvantages thereof? 4. Over-use in the United States. and vitamins. 5. How may white bread become a used today sugar is not a natural 5. As 3. Inner portion or endosperm con- "broken staff of life"? What precautions but a manufactured product. tains starch and glutin. must be taken to prevent it? of as Food. IV. Advantages Sugar 4. Most valuable portions—the bran 6. Why is flour bleached? Describe the 1. An energy food needed by the body and germ—often discarded and fed process and the bleaching agent used in simple in very small amount as a to animals. your nearest mill. What is your opinion sugar (glucose). 5. Comparison between composition of this practice? 2. Blood contains one part glucose to of whole wheat, white flour and 7. If possible, visit your nearest flour mill one thousand. bran. and give a report of your findings. 3. As nature prepares it, often mixed with valuable minerals. 4. Used in natural state by Nature MONTHLY REPORT OF THE L. D. S. STAKE MISSIONS people; not so in modern manu- Made by The First Council of the Seventy to The Council of the Twelve Apostles facture. For the Month of April, 1938 5. Cheap, clean, easy to handle and Missionary Activities April April 1938 1937 transport. 1. Evenings or part days spent in missionary work 7,406 5,528 V. Disadvantages of Sugar as Food. 2. Hours spent in missionary work 16,834 12,161 3. Number of calls made ._ 12,653 9,387 1. concentrated; causes an ac- Too 4. Number of first invitations in 4,360 3,257 quired taste. 5. Number of revisits 4,499 2,677 2. Contains no building food (protein) 6. Number of Gospel conversations _ 13,149 9,070 7. Number of standard mineral matter or vitamins. Church works distributed (Does not include Books of Mormon reported under Item No. 10) _ 357 568 3. Is distinctly habit-forming. 8. Number of other books distributed 408 353 4. Many dangers from over use: 9. Number of tracts and pamphlets distributed 14,592 10,027 10. Copies of Book of Mormon actually sold 241 89 a. Irritates the lining of alimentary _ 11. Number of hall meetings held by missionaries 232 212 canal; 12. Number of cottage meetings held by missionaries 685 561 b. Tends to cause gas formation; 13. Number of missionaries who attended cottage and hall meetings 2,132 1,978 and 14. Number of investigators present at cottage and hall meetings 2,737 1,729 15. Number of baptisms as a result of missionary work 151 96 c. Deadens the appetite for other (1) Of people over 15 years of age 73 much needed food. (2) Of people under 15 years of age: 5. If used too freely the liver and a. Both of whose parents are members 37 b. Others under 15 years of age 22 kidneys affected overworked and Classification not designated 19 adversely. 16. Number of inactive members of Church brought into activity through stake missionary 6. Candy as human food—its proper service during the month 329 329 use and dangers. Additional Information Number of stakes in the Church 122 118 VI. Pancreas in Sugar Digestion. The Number of stake missions organized 118 112 1. Active principle is insulin. Missionaries Actively Engaged 2. Necessary to enable tissues to burn Number of stakes reporting _ _ 102 83 (oxidize) sugar brought by blood. Number of districts - 368 267 Elders 236 200 3. When over-worked,' diabetes may Seventies 1,337 887 result. High Priests _ „ 275 166 4. Great increase of diabetes in the Women 315 1 94 United States. Total 2 , 1 89 1 ,447 VII. Wisdom in Use of Carbohydrate Food. Special Items op Interest Visits in connection with stake missionary Seventy 1. The Word of Wisdom points the work were made by members of the First Council of the way. to 19 stakes during the month of April. Interviews were held in the office of the First Council with 16 stake presidents and stake mission 2. Use of natural foods. presidents during the month of April. 425 CONDUCTED UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF THE PRESIDING BISHOPRIC EDITED BY JOHN D. GILES

message, of concern to every member of the Church is prepared and provided U)wixL Jswudwiitk TYbiAikjaxjsL #&l (hiqiud, 7938 for every Teacher in the Church. To read this message in the home or to OUR GREAT RESPONSIBILITY leave it for the members to read (this plan has now been definitely discon- As Latter-day Saints a great responsibility has come to us. As mem- ** tinued) is not enough. bers of the Church of Jesus Christ we have assumed the responsibility Actually to teach there must first be of living clean, virtuous lives, of discharging certain duties in the Church, learning and second preparation. It sisters of sharing with our brethren and who are not so fortunate as our- is the responsibility of the Ward selves and of making our actions in every way possible reflect the teachings Teacher to study the Monthly Message of the Gospel. and then from its suggestions prepare Above all, we have the great responsibility of so conducting our daily his own message to deliver to the lives that our actions will reflect credit to the Church, that the truths of Saints. To read the printed message Mormonism shall be demonstrated, and that others may see our good works is a poor substitute for real teaching. and "glorify our Father which is in Heaven." The messages are distributed in ample In a world such as that in which we live today, this is not an easy task. time for distribution nearly a month be- We must be on guard every moment against snares and temptations. The fore they are to be used. They should ways of the world seem pleasant and attractive. They are much easier to be studied thoroughly and then no mat- follow than the ways of the Lord. But Latter-day Saints have a responsi- ter how humble the message may be, bility that does not rest upon other people. To us much has been given; it should become and be given as the therefore much is expected. We have been blessed abundantly and we Teacher's own message. shall be blessed even more abundantly if we follow the teachings of the In connection with the message, the Gospel and reflect credit upon the Church to which we belong. welfare of the family should be in- Latter-day Saints are expected to be exemplary citizens. All that is quired into. They should be encour- stated or implied in the Articles of Faith, in the Ten Commandments, in aged in Church activity to do their the Word of Wisdom, it is our obligation to observe to the utmost of our duty; they should be cheered and com- ability. And that obligation, because of conditions which now exist in the forted in time of sorrow and affliction. world, is more definite and more serious than ever before. The eyes of the The teacher watches over the Church world are upon us. Our beliefs and principles are being brought to the (and to the individual teacher that attention of the people of the world as never before. Our great responsi- means the members of his district) al- bility is to make our practices square with the principles which the world ways. knows now, more than ever before, the Church teaches. That is the great responsibility of the Teacher in addition to his great responsibility as a member of the Church himself as suggested in the THE TEACHER'S GREAT No movement in the Church is more Ward Teacher's Message for August, RESPONSIBILITY fundamental to the welfare, unity, and printed on this page. progress of the Church than the plan for April in Tn The Improvement Era of monthly visits to the homes of the " Teacher the article entitled "The Saints. No movement carries with it a AARONIC PRIESTHOOD AS Watches Over the Church Always," more definite opportunity to exercise WARD TEACHERS by President David O. McKay, two the power and influence of the Priest- f\F the total of 46,275 members of paragraphs are again called to the at- hood. ^^ read the Aaronic Priesthood between tention of Ward Teachers. They Therefore, when a Teacher is called the ages of 12 and 20, 9,305 are now as follows: and assigned to a district as a Ward regularly engaged in Ward Teaching. give help, encouragement, and in- Teacher he is called to a definite mis- To While this figure is slightly lower than spiration to every individual is the great sion as truly as though he were asked the high mark reached in 1936, it is responsibility and privilege of Ward Teach- to leave his home and family and labor well above the five-year average and ers. in another city or another country. represents slightly more than 20% of I believe that in Ward Teaching there When such a call comes there comes in regular opportunities in all all the Aaronic Priesthood is one of the greatest with it the responsibility to look after in those who are quorums. the world to awaken the individual welfare of every member negligent, discouraged, down-hearted, and As Deacons represent approximately residing within that district. To look sad, renewed life and a desire to re-enter 40% of the total group, the percentage after one's welfare, to be responsible into activity in the Church of Jesus Christ. of Priests and Teachers engaged in By such activity they will be led back into as a shepherd is responsible for his Ward Teaching is approximately 32%. the spiritual atmosphere which will lift their sheep, to see that there is no iniquity, souls and give them power to overcome neither hardness with each other, Stakes with the highest number of weaknesses which are now shackling them. neither lying, nor backbiting, nor evil- Aaronic Priesthood quorum members speaking and to see that the people acting as Ward Teachers are: Undoubtedly the revelations given to meet together often and that all mem- Ogden 238 Pioneer 155 us in this dispensation were given in a bers do their duty is a serious and sa- Cottonwood ....208 Box Elder 146 full realization of the conditions which cred responsibility. Rexburg 187 Pocatello 143 Hyrum 172 No. Weber .140 would confront the Church in these It is important yes, obligatory-—that — Salt Lake 160 Cache 139 times. Undoubtedly it was foreseen every Teacher visit the homes of his Logan 159 Weber 136 that the time come when ex- district month. that alone is would each But Smithfield 159 Bear River. 131 ternal influences would lead many of not enough. In addition the people are our people away from spirituality and to be taught the Gospel—that is doubt- From several stakes come reports of Church activity and into paths of in- less the reason these monthly visitors excellent success from the efforts of difference if not actual sin. are called "Teachers." A monthly (Concluded on page 428) 426 CONDUCTED UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF THE PRESIDING BISHOPRIC—EDITED BY JOHN D. GILES

THE CALL TO YOUTH program, and urged the Deacons to be KANAB STAKE ADULTS honest in all their dealings and to follow GIVING GOOD RESPONSE 'V'0111* first duty in life is toward your the teaching and example of the great * afterself. So live that your after- Emancipator. A letter from President Charles C. self—the man you ought to be—may "^ Heaton of Kanab Stake indicates actual. MARICOPA STAKE HOLDS in his time be possible and encouraging progress in Adult Aaronic is waiting AARONIC PRIESTHOOD Far away in the years, he Priesthood work. In two wards, which his brain, his soul BANQUET his turn. His body, have joined in this project, a class of are in your hands. He cannot help the an- "^T early 400 persons attended 29 members is making rapid strides. himself. will you leave for him? •^ What nual banquet and rally of the President Heaton writes: "It is mar- it brain unspoiled by lust Will be a Aaronic Priesthood of Maricopa Stake velous to see the attitude of these men mind trained to think or dissipation, a held recently at Mezona Hall in Mesa. and the seeming desire they have to nervous system true as a and act, a Of the group 315 members of Aaronic learn and become useful in the wards dial in its response to the truth about Priesthood quorums were guests of the in which they live, and the splendid you? stake presidency, the High Council, and attendance at the weekly meetings. Will you, boy, let him come as a the Aaronic Priesthood committees, Our missionaries that have caught the man among men in his time? Or will with the Relief Society preparing and spirit of their calling are doing a very you throw away his inheritance be- serving the banquet. fine work with this group." fore he has had a chance to touch it? Elder Lorenzo Wright, chairman of Will you turn over to him a brain the stake Aaronic Priesthood commit- distorted, a mind diseased, a will un- tee (since made president of the stake GILMER PARK DEACONS trained, a spinal cord grown through which was recently divided) was RENDER SERVICE and through with the devil grass of master of ceremonies. The program "P\eacons of Gilmer Park Ward in that vile harvest we call wild oats? was provided by quorum members. life the Bonneville Stake have made their This is your problem in — The attendance prize went to Gilbert of more importance to you contribution toward the preparation for problem Ward with 85% present. The presen- or all others. will you building a new chapel by devoting a day than any How tation was made by Elder Frank T. meet it, as a man or as a fool? to a general clean-up of the newly-ac- Pomeroy. President J. R. Price, then you answer this, we shall When stake president, but now president of quired site for the ward building. The what use the world can make know the new Phoenix Stake, addressed the Deacons were carefully organized and of you. (By the late David Starr — assembly, encouraging all members to ward officers report that the work as- Jordan, o[ Stanford University.) continue in good works. signed to them was well done. SANDY SECOND WARD DEACONS MEET LINCOLN'S FRIEND T~\eacons of the Sandy Second Ward were given double honor recently, when a banquet was held in their honor at the home of Dr. C. C. Jensen, at which they were given the honor and privilege of shaking hands with a man who, in his early life, had had the privilege of shaking hands with President Abraham Lincoln. The guest was John Braxton Sanders of Ashton, Idaho, a former bishop and High Councillor in the Lost River Stake. Elder Sanders grew to young man-' hood near Springfield, Illinois, home of President Lincoln, and while a boy of 14, he had the honor of shaking hands with the President. He related in- stances in his early life as a part of the

UPPER: DEACONS OF SANDY SECOND WARD, EAST JORDAN STAKE, AT A SOCIAL AT THE HOME OF DR. C. C. JENSEN, WITH ELDER JOHN BRAXTON SANDERS, A MAN WHO KNEW LIN- COLN, AS GUEST.

In the picture reading from left to right, back row: Dr. C. C. Jensen, member of the East Jordan Stake High Council; David J. Borg, First Counselor in the Sandy Second Ward Bishopric; Cleleo L. Jensen, President Deacons' Quorum; Stanley A. Rasmussen, Bishop; Jay Martineau; Reed Sanderson, Second Counselor. Richard Webb. Second row: Robert Denny, Keith Gillen, Brother Sanders, Richard Dalton. Front row: Wayne Sundberg, Jack Borg, and Blaine Anderson. Ruel McPhie, Dr. Jensen's grand- son, sitting on Mr. Sanders' lap. Two members of the quorum were excused: Oral Birch and Jack Wennerstrom; two were in quarantine: Udell Webster and Gordon Green. Gordon Ohlson, quorum supervisor, was not present. LOWER: GILMER PARK WARD, BONNEVILLE STAKE, DEACONS ASSIST IN PREPARATION OF THE SITE FOR THEIR NEW CHAPEL. — —

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938

WARD TEACHING The Church Moves On

(Concluded from page 426) [Continued from page 415) these young brethren in visiting the stakes it is doubtless fair to assume MORMON TEAM WINS homes of the Saints. that probably more than a thousand BRITISH NATIONAL ADULT are now engaged in Ward Teaching BASKETBALL CHAMPIONSHIPS AARONIC PRIESTHOOD service. MEMBERS IN WARD TEACHING A team of Mormon missionaries, the SERVICE Leading stakes of the Church in num- *"* Catford Saints, won the National ber of adults acting as Ward Teachers Basketball Championship of Great ^T early a thousand adult members of headed by Salt Lake Stake, pioneers in Britain, at the Empire Pool and Sports the Aaronic Priesthood are now the Adult Aaronic Priesthood move- Arena, Wembley, April 19th, and were acting as Ward Teachers, it is indi- ment, are: awarded the British National Basketball cated in the report for the first quarter trophy, and special suits, displaying of 1938, just issued by the Salt Lake 44 Liberty 24 Presiding the Union individual Hyrum 41 Parowan 23 Jack, and mem- Bishopric. The exact number is 993. Duchesne 39 Logan 22 bers. In view of the lack of information re- Oquirrh 33 St. Johns 21 The members of the winning team garding adult activity from several Pioneer 25 Lyman 20 were Elders S. Bruce Hanks, Marvin

J. Ashton, Parry D. Sorensen, Edmund M. Evans, DeLos A. Rowe, Owen P. THE WORD OF Gladwell, Paul Howells, W. Burt Bux- WISDOM REVIEW ton, and Glenn H. Grimmett. A Monthly Presentation of Pertinent Information Regarding the A basketball team, representing Eng- Lord's Law of Health land, and composed of nine American Mormon missionaries, wearing the Brit- ish Union Jack, won the International PERTINENT PARAGRAPHS N. Y., Dr. James H. Wall found that Basketball Tournament (Grand Tour- ON THE LIQUOR PROBLEMS 71 had one or more relatives who used noi International de Basketball) at alcohol to excess, and 27 had alco- Reprinted from Allied Youth Lille, France, during the week of holic fathers. The average age for be- and newspaper reports. May 6. ginning to drink was 18, but many began earlier. '"Inhere is a robbery every 10 min- Sunday, April 24, 1938. Youth must remember, in reading utes, a burglary every 2 minutes, the subtly appealing advertisements Heber C. Kimball was sustained as a larceny every 44 seconds, and a case in magazines, on billboards, and in bishop of the Eighteenth Ward, En- of automobile theft every 2^ minutes. colorful electric signs, that right there sign Stake. have heard from self-styled is We ex- Pres. Heber much of the cause of crime. They J. Grant dedicated the perts on criminology that crime is defi- must remember that no matter chapel in the Omaha Branch of the nitely on the decrease. Unfortunately, how beautiful and appealing this advertising Western States Mission. crime is not decreasing and criminals is, and no matter how much attention The Moon Lake Stake was organized are not reforming." In an increasing is diverted to the ineffectiveness and with Edwin L. Murphy as president. number of these crimes, alcohol is concurrent lawbreaking of the The Duchesne Stake was reorgan- identified prohi- as a factor. ized with Heber as bition amendment, liquor itself, when Moon president. The Price drunk—and that is its only purpose Ward, Carbon Stake, was divided. O. F. Without attempting to record or an- is a criminal, that it cannot be sep- Guymon was sustained as bishop alyze crime statistics, it can be said arated from the responsibility for crime. of Price First that offenses, from breaking windows Ward and Don Clayton was sustained as bishop to murder, can and have been all too of Price Second Ward. The Potawatomi Indians voted by frequently traced to drinking; that as a big majority against permitting the Sunday, May 1, 1938. the consumption of liquor increases, as sale of 3.2 beer on their reservation the Pres. Heber Grant was the prin- the bars are lowered, there is more and J. other day. "Beer will make trouble cipal speaker at the opening more crime traceable to liquor. of the old for the Indians," said a brave. West Jordan meetinghouse which has been renovated and will be used as a A boy of 17 bought 19 beers and hall of relics by the Archibald Gardner This advertisement recently appear- two whiskies in a tavern—it is against Camp of the Daughters of Utah Pio- ed in a newspaper: "Wanted—a bar- the law to sell liquor to minors—and neers. tender. Must be total abstainer." after paying his bill went upstairs and held up a lodger. He was sent to prison. Sunday, May 8, 1938. Action is being taken against the tav- Beer sales increased 16,000 barrels in The Sixth-Seventh Ward, Pioneer ern-keeper. January 1938, over January 1937. The Stake, was reorganized with H. Gilbert total number of barrels sold was Barton as bishop. 3,072,371. James Vernon Graves was sustained Murders committed under the in- as president of the Mexicans of fluence of liquor are much too com- Salt A standard test for intoxicated Lake City. mon, officials complain. One judge re- drivers that will be accepted cently in commenting on such a case by the courts and insure convictions if guilty Sunday, May 15, 1938. pointed out that after all it wasn't the is urged by Traffic Director William man—who was so befuddled by liquor A. The Wasatch Ward, Highland Van Duzer, of the District of Colum- Stake, was reorganized that he didn't know right from wrong, with Rulon J. bia. didn't know what he was going to do Sperry as bishop. but the liquor itself, which committed the murder. Records of the District of Columbia Sunday, May 22, 1938. police department show 19,091 arrests Edwin Q. Cannon was sustained as for drunkenness for the fiscal year end- bishop of the Twentieth Ward, Ensign In a study of 100 male alcoholics at ing March 1, 1938. This is an average Stake. Bloomingdale Hospital, White Plains, of 52 per day. (Concluded on page 435) 428 OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS OF THE GENEALOGICAL SOCIETY OF UTAH

JOSEPH FIELDING SMITH. JOHN A. WIDTSOE, HAROLD J. KIRBY, President and Treasurer. A WILLIAM LUND, Assistant Secretary. JOSEPH CHRISTENSON. JAMES M. KIRKHAM, L. GARRETT MYERS, Vice President. MARK E. PETERSEN, Assistant Treasurer and ARCHIBALD F. BENNETT. Directors. Superintendent of Research Bureau Secretary and Librarian. ELLEN HILL, Assistant Librarian.

WHEN HELPING OTHERS you; and you will be able to get your own here." She smiled and said, "Perhaps I YOU HELP YOURSELF genealogy, and make your Book of Fore- should show you what records I have." She fathers; and it will be worth more to you began to show me her Book of Forefathers At a recent Genealogical meeting than all the money in the world." She also and to tell me about her parents and their *"* held in the Second Ward, Liberty said, "My records are worth thousands of family which were recorded on a family dollars to me." group sheet in her book. Her parents and Stake, the following testimony about I began my work with a satisfaction in family, it appeared, had lived in the same home teaching was given by Mrs. Re- my heart that if I was faithful to my calling, town where my sister and I had lived when as the becca B.. Hansen. Inasmuch Sister Bachman's promise would be ful- we were tiny girls. I studied the record Genealogical organizations are empha- filled. more closely and was surprised when I saw sizing home teaching at this time, this My mother had separated from my own my grandmother's name on her family group story should be an inspiration to our father, taking my sister Clarissa, less than sheet. I asked: "What relation is this lady to you?" She answered saying: many committee members. Here is four years old, and me, about two years by old, to make our home with our grand- "She is my great-grandmother." I said: Sister Hansen's story as she told it: father. My mother married again and I "She is my grandmother!" I was almost When I was asked to become ward know her second husband as my father. overcome with surprise and joy and I felt supervisor of the home teaching department When I was nineteen years old, I was told very weak. I composed myself and ex- in the Genealogical organization I was a of my own father whom mother left when plained: "You are related to me. At last teacher in the seminary and a Relief Society I was too young to remember. In 1921 my I have found my father's people." supervisor of teachers. I just didn't know mother died. My sister Clarissa visited the She turned the pages of her Book of how to take up this Genealogical work. Church Genealogical Archive and found Forefathers and I saw my grandfather's and I thought I didn't like Genealogical work there information of our own grandparents, grandmother's names with those of their as well as I did that of the Relief Society and our father and mother. After that time two sons, my father and his brother, and and seminary teaching. we failed to find any more information on also my mother's name as my father's wife. After making this calling a matter of my father's line. I asked her what she knew about my father prayer and deep consideration I attended Early this year, when doing my home and she said: "His wife left him, taking a Union meeting of the Genealogical organ- teaching, I visited a home in one of the her two little girls with her; she had decided ization. In that meeting one of the speak- districts and left a pedigree chart and family to live in her father's home again." I said: ers said: "It isn't those things that you like group sheet. I promised to return and help "I am one of those little girls." to do that you should do, but those things the lady in that home fill out the charts I She also told me that my grandfather had that you are called upon to do." I took gave her. I called again, and didn't find died while crossing the plains; my grand- •this statement as an answer to my calling anyone home. I seemed to have an urge mother had married again; and a baby girl to the Genealogical work, and was set apart within myself to try to keep in touch with was born from this marriage. That baby as ward supervisor. that home and make out those charts. One girl became her grandmother and my fa- Sister Orodine Bachman, who was super- day I decided to go right there with one of ther's half-sister, thus making my grand- visor of the home teaching department, my teachers, and assist in making out the mother her great-grandmother. visited me. She said: "Sister Hansen, if charts that I had left. This is my testimony, that when we are you take this calling as supervisor of home I found the lady glad to see us; she faithful to our office and calling, a promise teaching in the Genealogical organization, welcomed us kindly. I said: "I have come made to us in righteousness will be ful- 1 promise you that it will be a blessing to today to help you fill out the charts I left filled.

» » « tjf/ilucatioii

EXCERPTS FROM "RELIGION plan. Great was the surprise therefore intellectual and moral content. And where- RETURNED TO THE CAMPUS" when it was found that the Latter-day as some bodies have felt it wise to create Saints had met the university's requirements sectarian schools which parallel the secular By T. T. Brumbaugh in a basic and nonsectarian presentation of instruction given in tax-supported schools {Christian Century; April 20, 1938.) the Bible and the spiritual interpretation of but with a particular religious interpreta- life were starting such courses of in- tion, the Mormons have seen fit in recent . . . There is a growing concern for and religion as such among students in this struction under competent teachers in the years almost to abandon the attempt to country and in administrative circles in local Mormon student center recently erect- impart secular education and have concen- tax-supported and other schools; there is ed near the campus. trated attention on giving religious instruc- enhanced appreciation of the spiritual in- Lest this be taken as an example of un- tion in seminaries and institutes near tax- terpretation of existence which is the specific desirable Mormon aggressiveness, it is well supported high schools, colleges and univer- to add parenthetically that there is no re- sities. Such "seminaries" are located hard province of religion. . . . ligious body in America today more alert, by more than ninety public high schools in Mormons Show the Way progressive and cooperative in the field of western states, and their "institutes" pro- ... In realizing the importance of this, religious education in academic centers viding religious, educational and social educators are in many places far in advance than the Latter-day Saints. Whatever may equipment and even dormitory accommoda- of religious leaders. In one state university be said of its origin and tenets, the present tions are to be found in a dozen large west- 1 found that though the campus authorities leadership of the church, which has such a ern university centers. were willing to grant recognition and col- large following in our western states, is Nor are these to be considered narrow, lege credit for courses in Bible, church his- awake as is perhaps no other denomination intolerant and exclusive institutions. Where tory and religious philosophy, the religious to the importance of paralleling secular high school credit for religious instruction groups could not get together on a united education with religious instruction, high in (Concluded on page 435) 429 General Superintendency General Offices Y. M. M. I. A. General Presidency Y. M. M. I. A. 50 NORTH MAIN STREET Y. W. M. I. A. SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH GEORGE Q. MORRIS LUCY GRANT CANNON JOSEPH J. CANNON General Offices Y. W. M. I. A. HELEN S. WILLIAMS BURTON K. FARNSWORTH 33 BISHOP'S BUILDING VERNA W. GODDARD OSCAR A. KIRKHAM. SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH CLARISSA A. BEESLEY, Executive Secretary Send all Correspondence to Committees Direct to General Offices Executive Secretary

HPhanks for your fine support of the A June Conference. It was a glorious event, reaching new marks in many notable respects. Your attendance, your active participation, and your un- deviating support made it what it was intended it should be—an influence for carrying religion into life and building better Latter-day Saints. Many of the messages of the Con- ference will appear in coming issues of the Era.

WE'LL SEE YOU AT CONVENTIONS Ctake Conference Conventions have *-* already started. The Executives and General Boards of M. I. A. will be out to visit you and counsel with you. Your "Study Sheets" and other instructions should now be in your hands. We look forward to these times of meeting, planning, and "stock-taking," in a cause that merits the best efforts of men and pay life's richest rewards—the cause of human service in an eternal plan.

THE SUMMER

\\7e hope you'll have a full and en- " joyable summer—and we hope that the M. I. A. summer program will contribute much to the fellowship, so- ciability, and wholesome development among your groups and communities.

TOP: EAST CENTRAL STATES M. I. A. GOOD- WILL QUARTET AND FOUR DIRECTORS:

Sitting, left to right, Mission President William

T. Tew, Elder Bassett T. Wright. Standing, left to right: R. Lamont Stevens, 2nd Bass; Morris Ander- son, 1st Bass; LaVerne Blake, quartet instructor;

Theras Q. Allred, 1st Tenor; Leon Phelps, 2nd Tenor. Elder Delbert K. Schiess, assistant director, was not present when picture was taken. (See story, page 431.)

2. THE KNOWLEDGE SEEKERS. (SEE STORY, PAGE 431.)

3. CENTRAL STATES MISSION. (SEE STORY, PAGE 432.)

4. LEFT AND RIGHT: GENERAL VIEW AND CLOSE VIEW OF BRIGHAM YOUNG MONUMENT, BRIGHAM CITY. (SEE STORY, PAGE 434.) BOTTOM, LEFT: M MEN-GLEANER BANQUET, UNIVERSITY WARD, CHICAGO (SEE STORY, PAGE 431); RIGHT, PRESIDENT MERRILL D. CLAYSON AND MISSIONARIES AT FORT SUMTER (SEE STORY, PAGE 432). 430 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938

M. I. A. ACTIVITIES POINT Hospitals, singing and speaking to pa- will be developed if we enlist the co- THE WAY TO PROGRESS IN tients and guests, nurses 6 operation of all of them in our home EAST CENTRAL STATES Y. M. C. A. to members and guests with beautification program. That back speaking and singing 3 yard can become a haven of beauty and Elder Bassett T. I. A. Other churches, singing and speaking.... 11 By Wright M. inspiration if we put forth a concerted Miscellaneous, state conventions, etc.... 2 and Goodwill Program Director effort. East Central States Mission 400 Our stake and ward groups are now The newspapers have cooperated in active in presenting a forum or educa-

I Tnder the leadership of President helping us accomplish our purpose. Ap- tional meet in each community. Let us **** William T. Tew, the strength Jr., proximately 85 news articles were be sure to join these groups and assist in of the Mormon position has gained published, occupying about 1 800 square these delightful programs. One com- rapidly this winter in the East Central inches of space, free of cost. munity is building a new park, and a States Mission as the result of an ex- It is estimated that over 75,000 have local Adult group is cooperating to tensive and intensive Goodwill-Fellow- heard some phase of Mormonism make an unusual community rose gar- ship Campaign of a mission-wide through the 400 engagements as fol- den in it. What is your group doing character and of the achievement of lows: toward our Adult beautification pro- more and better Mutual Improvement ject, which is developing in all our work. The mission president, whose Conference Sessions 1 1,000 communities? In addition to our own philosophy for successful missionary M. I. A. Conventions 2,750 Adult class program let us join in the M. I. A. Banquets 1,000 work is the creation of goodwill, rec- stake, Colleges, Universities 17,750 ward, or Church programs and ognizes the M. I. A. as the key posi- High Schools 30,000 feel the thrill that comes with the tion in the conservation of the youth of Hall meetings 3,850 knowledge that we are actively par- Zion. Clubs, civic organizations 4,700 ticipating in something worthwhile. With these two ideals in mind, Good- Hotels 500

will and M. I. A., he set up an organi- Hospitals - 1 ,000 zation last September to carry his plans Y. M. C. A 800 forward. He delegated the mission Other Churches 1,525 Other engagements 500 M. I. A. director, Elder Bassett T. Wright, as managing director of the 75,000 CHICAGO STAKE HOLDS M campaign. Elder Delbert K. Schiess MEN-GLEANER BANQUET was chosen assistant. Four mission- The cause of the Youth of Zion has aries, Elder R. Lamont Stevens, Theras been promoted through M. I. A. activ- "RTarch 26 marked the date that the Q. Allred, Morris H. Anderson and ities. President Tew at the beginning *** Chicago Stake held its second an- Leon Phelps, all talented singers, were of the M. I. A. year said: "Save the nual M Men-Gleaner banquet. This called into the office and trained as a youth of Zion and you save the Church. stake is only two years old, but to have quartet by Sister LaVerne Blake, a At the point of properly educating the attended the banquet would have con- talented member of the Louisville youth the Church succeeds or perishes. vinced anyone that this organization Branch. Plans were mapped out to It is our duty to see that the young has a mighty fine group of young cover practically every branch in the people are properly taught the beauties workers. (See photograph, layout, mission as a part of our M. I. A. and of the Gospel truths." (See photo, page 430.) Goodwill Program and Tour. The layout, page 430.) There were one hundred and thirty purpose of the tour was to create good- persons in attendance. The banquet will, allay prejudice, enlighten the pub- was held in the recreation room of the lic regarding the Mormon position, University Ward Chapel, located on stimulate members and leaders in the the south side of the City of Chicago, branches of the Church, lend moral adjoining the grounds of the Univer- support and encouragement to mission- sity of Chicago. Axel A. Madsen and Grace C. Neslen, chairmen; aries and create a feeling of fellowship Richard L. Evans, Dr. L. A. Stevenson, Aurelia The entire dinner was prepared by Bennion, Gladys Harbertson. and religious tolerance among all peo- E. the Relief Society sisters of this ward, ple. The central theme of our activ- and was served by the Bee-Hive Girls. /^Vne month of summer has already ities was to preach the Gospel in an *~* passed and we are wondering how attractive, soul-gripping manner and to KNOWLEDGE SEEKERS many Adults have been enjoying the do all we could to open up new ave- OF OGDEN nues for the missionaries to follow in outlined summer program. What fun ** rpHE Knowledge Seekers" club of their efforts to convert the people to it will be to begin at once to plan that families. •* Ogden, Utah, organized in the restored Gospel of Jesus Christ. summer picnic with our Watch was Thousands have been touched during the joyous enthusiasm of the children as 1936 by a group of young people for the purpose of: First, to study the Gos- the tour. Missionaries report that they they assist in the planning of such an are received more favorably and with outing. By all means we will want to pel of Jesus Christ; Second, to provide pursuit. club greater respect. spend at least one night with them out a suitable Sabbath The under the stars, where the heavens will meets each Sunday evening after Sac- The following gives the number of take on a new meaning to all of us. In rament meeting, in the homes of mem- engagements filled during the tour of what other way can one draw so close bers. Names marked ( * ) are the the past five months: to the infinite? We parents scarce charter members, all of which are still Conference sessions, Branch and District 90 realize how complimented our chil- active members. (See photograph, M. I. A. Conventions and various ses- dren and their friends are to have us layout, page 430.) sions thereof 21 participating with them in horseshoe, Reading left to right, front row: Banquets, M. I. A 12 Colleges, Universities, Business Colleges 40 croquet, softball, and many of the other West Belnap*, Don West*, Lawrence High Schools 49 out-door games, which can be played Saunders, George London*; second Hall Meetings, Courthouses, City right at home. While we are together row, Eileen Manning, Mildred West*, Halls, Open air meetings with em- as a family unit let us see how joyous Maurine West, Virginia Smith, Betty ployees 30 and happy we can really make the Smeding, Lois Belnap, Venette Powell, Radio Broadcasts, 15 minute programs.... 75 leisure hours of this summer and prove Leuella London; third row; Herbert Clubs, Civic, Professional, various sim- to our satisfaction that the family who Harbertson*, Sidney Noble, Jesse Jen- ilar organizations 51 Hotels, appearances before guests 5 plays together and prays together, stays sen*, Lillian W. Cheney*, director Radio Addresses, President William T. together. of classwork; Glen Wade*, Robert Tew, Jr 5 A real appreciation for the beautiful Dickson, visitor. 431 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938 MISSIONARIES AT FORT SUMTER

"Decently, President Merrill D. ** Clayson, of the Southern States Mission and ten missionaries and Saints, sailed to Fort Sumter from Charleston. Because of our special purpose of going there, they were allowed the opportunity of taking pictures of the old west side, where 77 years ago a cannon-ball coming from Ft. Johnson, a Confederate Fort, started the great Civil War, which was so definitely and exactly prophesied by Joseph Smith in 1832, and again in 1843, recalling the afore-mentioned prophecy.

As the sun set, it seemed to bring with it the assurance of time, which is the greatest vindicator of Divine Prophecy. Here, we encircled and sang, "Praise to the Man who Communed with Jehovah." It was the first Latter-day Saint meeting ever to be held upon the fort. The President, Merrill D. Clayson, read the prophecy on war (Sec. 87 and Sec. 130:12, 13)—-the causes and results. (See picture, layout, page 430.) The feeling was expressed that at some future day, though it is com- pletely surrounded by water, this spot will become the "Southern Shrine" to the Divinity of the Prophet Joseph as other monuments are in the east and middle west. Grouped together and in the purple dusk of Southern skies we sang "We Thank Thee, O God, For a Prophet."

This little account, with the spirit in which the meeting was held, may give you an idea of the coming importance of this spot to Church— members in the south. Merrill J. Wood. CENTRAL STATES MISSION REPORTS CONVENTION AND MUSIC FESTIVAL

7V N attractive program and pictures ** submitted by Elder John H. Taylor of the First Council of Seventy, and of the Y. M. M. I. A. General Board tell the story of a Central States Mis- sion Convention and Music Festival, held May 28 and 29. The conference included field day activities, Gold and Green ball, hobby show, music festival, and formal meetings, and was reported as an undertaking of high merit. ( See photo, layout, page 430.)

1. 260th Quorum of Seventy with wives at a chop sui dinner, Honolulu, Oahu Stake,, CONTRAST 2. Cotton Ball, South Georgia District. Gilean By Douglas 3. Oneida Stake Gleaners.

K Moonlight on a shingled roof 4. Long Beach Stake M Men and Gleaner Girls who conducted popular summer dances every Tuesday evening for the M. I. A. Is a simple thing, But far too rich to hem the robe 5. M Men-Gleaner Hallowe'en party, Taber, Alberta, Canada. Of an earthly king. 6. Priesthood Gathering, Queensland District Conference, Australian Mission. 432 —

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938

FRANKFURT NIGHT SKYLINE FROM MISSION HOME. TkwA, f& ihsL 7kw

An Electric By FRED W. BABBEL of the West German Mission Range Makes

both sides of the Main are cool inviting parks where one may relax and Cooking a enjoy the beauty of the scene. Almost directly across the river is the unequaled and picturesque view of the old city of Frankfurt. Although this beauty is en- Joy Instead of chanting during the daytime, the view at night of the entire skyline bathed in brilliant lights is unforgettable. a Job! The home itself is a combination of inviting living quarters and modernly convenient business offices. Its location on the ground floor makes it easily accessible and convenient for the trans- action of the mission business. short THE MISSION HOME AT FRANKFURT AM MAIN A Ask any housetvtfe ten-minute walk enables one to reach the railroad station; a shorter time is '"Phe West German Mission became a who cooks electrically. required to reach the heart o'f the city. Fall distinct entity August 2, 1937. Conveniently situated on the further conferences were held, but no' organiza- side of the river is the branch meeting- tion was effected until December 2nd house. of the same year, when President Although we entered this new home Philemon M. Kelly and Sister Susan on February 12, it was not until the SEE YOUR G. Kelly were appointed to arrange and seventeenth of that month that each direct the activities of that mission. room was adequately equipped to care DEALER Or On January 6, 1938, President and for the needs of the mission, which day, Sister Kelly, accompanied by Elders February 17, we have termed "Found- UTAH POWER Sanford M. Bingham and Fred Wm. ers' Day" for West German Head- Babbel, arrived in Frankfurt am Main, quarters. 8 LIGHT CO. where they immediately began to select To the original office force have headquarters so the work of that mis- been added four capable Elders to sion might be directed with as little in- (Concluded on page 435) convenience as possible. A temporary office was secured, making possible the THE MISSION OFFICE STAFF adjustment of all pressing matters. Seated left to right: Elder Doric E. Black, After much prayerful searching and President Philemon M. Kelly, Sister Susan G. Kelly. Second row, left to right: Use E. Kraemer, Elder many disappointments a site was found Fred Wm. Babbel. Standing, left to right: Elder EVERYTHING which answered our every need and Lloyd C. Pack, Elder Sanford M. Bingham, Elder Sterling R. Ryser, Elder J. Richard Barnes. was located in one of the choicest sections of all Frankfurt. Every neces- Photographic sary renovation was immediately begun and we moved in on February Write or call for Snapshot 12th. Information By day these headquarters look out upon the busy river traffic o'f the beau- EASTMAN KODAK STORES, inc. ] tiful Main. Situated directly at the intersection of the Adolf Hitler bridge Phone Wasatch 5292 Schaumain-Kai and —one of the city's 155 South Main Street most fashionable residential streets one may see the activities of the city Salt Lake City, Utah without the least disturbance. Along ~433 (B)ixqhawL *lfowiq. BY JAMES JENSEN Counselor in the Box Elder Stake Presidency and Chairman of the Memorial Committee

Tt was a glorious day, that 19th of A August, 1877. Large crowds of people had gathered at the railroad station. The president of the Church was coming. A new stake in Zion was to be born. Children lined the way along which the procession passed from the station to the great bowery constructed for the assembling of the Saints. Flowers were strewn in the path of the great pioneer leader as he journeyed along to the meetingplace, showing the great love, esteem, and veneration in which he was held. It was the last visit of President Brigham Young to the city which bears his name. The address at the conference was his last public utterance before he passed to the great beyond just ten days later. The stake organization perfected that day was the last public act of the great empire builder and spiritual leader.

Such is the background significance of the monument erected in Brigham City, Utah, to the memory of Brigham Young. Begun as an M. I. A. project, it rapidly developed into a program financed by the city, the county, and the people of the ecclesiastical wards in the stake and was carried on by a committee representing every auxiliary organization of the Church, the civic clubs, the patriotic organizations, and the municipal governments. Erected on the plot of ground on which stood the old bowery, and now officially known as the Brigham Young Memorial Park, the monument stands boldly out as the central attraction in the beautiful landscaping of the park. Its shaft of Raymond granite stands ten feet nine inches high with basal dimensions of four feet six inches by eighteen inches. On the back of the monument an inscription gives the names of the contributing organizations and on the front is a large bronze plaque, the gift of the Church and made by artist J. Leo Fairbanks. Modeled after one of the last and one of the best portraits of President Young it shows a face, hardy and serious, yet life-like and full of sympathy and kindness. Etchings in the background depict much of the progress of the Church and 1. Righy Stake Gold and Green Ball held at River- side Gardens. the State. The Indians in their wig- 2. Melody Review act presented by Sandy Third wams are shown on one side but on Ward, East Jordan Stake. 3. Senior Class, Phoenix Second Ward. the is the other shown activities of the 4. Looking up from the base of Frozen American conquerors of the desert. The log Falls. 5. Mother Rogers' group, Mothers' and Daughters' cabin homes of the pioneers are shown Picnic. with the farmer irrigating his lands 6. Third place winner in the M. I. A. Basketball in Argentina, South America. and caring for his sheaves of wheat, 7. Father and eight sons; Bundy family of Mt. the covered wagon drawn by oxen Trumbull, Arizona. S. Raft River Stake Independence Day Celebration. arriving the east its from and occu- 9. Winners of Soft Ball League, Windsor Ward, pants being welcomed by the ones who Timpanogos Stake. 10. Bishop R. A. Summers of Pasadena Ward, and 434 Chiye Terrazawa, Mormon missionary. : .

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938 preceded them. And then one sees JUNIOR GIRLS ESTABLISH rollment. At the close of the year, the magnificent temple of God, the RECORD each girl received a book of poems. unique tabernacle, the beautiful capitol, Not only did the girls participate in the towering business edifices and the /"\NE hundred percent enrollment is the ward activities one hundred percent; busy industrial plants, the whole ^-^ unusual, but add to this fact one they turned out one hundred percent backed by the beauty of a mountain hundred percent attendance for an en- for both the music festival and the range. tire Mutual Improvement season and Junior Festival. It didn't seem to matter that some of the girls had to walk Below the portrait is the appropriate you have a record—a record which over a mile, sometimes even in the inscription was established by the Junior Girls of coldest of weather. One of the girls Erected in Honor of BRIGHAM Holladay Ward, Cottonwood Stake. was offered money if she would tend YOUNG In Commemoration Of The Out- Under the leadership of Mrs. Irene her neighbor's children. She refused standing Service He Rendered The Inter- Cannon Lloyd this group of nine girls miss class. Mountain West As A Patriot, Pioneer, repeatedly to her Junior Colonizer, Church Leader And Statesman. has been present every night of the Although two of the Juniors are not On This Plot of Ground Aug. 9th, 1877, Mutual lesson season of 1937-1938. At members of the Church, they have par- He Delivered His Last Public Address Christmas time the president of the ticipated in each activity. Each time When He Organized The BOX ELDER M. I. A. presented the class with the the Junior class has met, the girls have STAKE. reading course book since they had one brought with them that grand spirit of A reflecting pool fronts the monument hundred percent attendance and en- activity that Juniors possess. and granite seats or benches build the whole into one great unit. Thus Brig- ham Young is honored in the city which bears his name and by the stake whose organization constituted his last public activity. It is an important step among the many others which contribute to the fulfilment of the prophecy made by Elder George Q. Cannon at the funeral services of his leader when he said, "The time will come when the Latter-day Saints will appreciate him as one of the greatest Prophets that ever lived." The monument was dedicated Aug- ust 19th, 1937, the sixtieth anniversary of the organization of the Box Elder Stake, President Rudger Clawson by FRONT ROW: VIRGINIA KNOWLTON, JEAN PEAT, ELEANOR PEAT, JEAN KEELE, JOY HUTCH- of the Council of the Twelve. It was INSON. SECOND ROW: DONNA HAWKS, RUTH BOWERS, SARAH KNOWLTON, IRENE CANNON LLOYD, CLASS LEADER, AND IRENE BRINTON. memorialized at that time by an in- spirational address by President David O. McKay of the First Presidency. Bishop LeGrand Richards gave the Following the dedication the project Department of Education was completed by the addition of the baccalaureate address to the graduates benches and planting of the evergreens. (Concluded from page 429) of Brigham Young University, June 5, 1938. On June 1st, 1938, the one hundred is asked and granted, as in most of these anniversary of the birth thirty-seventh ninety "seminaries," the public school re- WHITTIER DEDICATED of Brigham Young, the plaque was quirement that such religious training be WARD placed on the monument and appropri- basic and nonsectarian is fairly met. The XT^" hither Ward Chapel, at 1515 ate exercises held. same is true in the college and university vv Second East Street, Salt Lake centers which fell under my own observa- City, Utah, was dedicated by President tion. In fact, when I found Methodists and David O. on 1938. Mormons cooperating in such undertakings McKay June 5, as those at the Universities of Idaho and News of the New Wyoming, and in the latter place even CALIFORNIA MISSIONARY Catholics included, my conclusion was in- PASSES West German Mission evitably that the Latter-day Saints have surpassed some of the rest of us Protestants /"^larence F. Tanner, missionary for in brotherliness; and that we all might take (Concluded page 428) ^* the past eight months in Southern Icom a page from the book of the Mormons in California, killed near regard to supplementing secular education was Hemet, supervision of the various aid in the with religious instruction in an economic California, when he touched a live wire mission activities. Elder J. Richard yet effective way. on the edge of a swimming pool.

appointed to serve « Barnes has been Elder Tanner was born in Salt Lake as mission bookkeeper. The Sunday City, March 16, 1916. While he was School and M. I. A. activities are being Church attending the University of Utah, he directed by Elder Lloyd C. Pack. The The Moves On served as a member of the Ninth Ward Priesthood and Gene- (Concluded page progress of the from 428) Sunday School superintendency. alogical organizations is insured by the President Heber Grant dedicated combined efforts of Elders Doris E. J. a chapel at Philadelphia, Eastern States Black and Sterling R. Ryser. As from Mission. the beginning, Sister Kelly has super- WE OITIK . . vised all women's organizations. Now BACCALAUREATE ADDRESS A COMPLETE the work is rapidly progressing and the GIVEN BY CHURCH LEADERS ENGRAVING SERVICE Saints are cooperating most willingly. From Missionary portraits to the largest catalogues. It is from these new headquarters that "P\r. John A. Widtsoe delivered the Mail Orders Given Prompt Attention. President M. Douglas Wood and his baccalaureate address to the UTAH ENGRAVING CO. wife, Evelyn Wood, will direct the graduates of Utah Agricultural Col- 113 Regent St. Salt Lake City, Utah West German Mission activities. lege, June 5, 1938. 435 — —

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938

WHY I DO NOT SMOKE The Last of the (Concluded [com page 413) agines that the world is at her feet. ^Dickens' Boys" But it's not. arguments always heard when a per- "Lots of fellows who are them- (Concluded from page 403) son is defending a doubtful habit is selves inveterate the old standby, "personal liberty." smokers are loudest his share of the booty at Whiskey in their denunciations. But nicotine does away with one's Their ex- Gap, where the Indians stampeded planation is something like this: personal liberty and becomes an in- one hundred forty-seven of their 'Well, it just gets me that's all.' sidious master to its unthinking — mules, and burned many of the "The fact is a woman who smokes slaves. And as for me, I want to caravan wagons with flaming ar- jars one's sense of the assert my personal liberty and stand aesthetic. rows. Smoking is somehow not feminine, up for my right not to smoke—in The population of Utah at the and we like women who are thor- these days when one is constantly time of the family's arrival did not oughly feminine." offered cigarettes and when huge exceed 20,000. About seven years And so I do not smoke. I would ads proclaim, "Be Nonchalant," and later, in 1870, Mr. Culmer was or- rather keep my good health, clear "Not a Cough in a Carload." Why dained an Elder in the Church. complexion, strong, white teeth, worry about the cough, if you've no At various times the Culmer clean breath, my personal liberty, intention of smoking the carload? Brothers controlled twenty-six im- and my self-respect. Also, I shall And who says, "Ten Million People portant Utah business enterprises. keep my pin money,—or at least I Can't Be Wrong?" They can too. In 1900, when William H. Culmer shall see that it is spent where it does A whole shoal of fish may be caught left Salt Lake City, he was superin- not literally go up in smoke. Re~ in a net—big ones and little ones tendent and part owner of the Car- printed by permission of the Board together—but that doesn't prevent bon Mines, Salt Lake Gilsonite of Temperance, Prohibition and any one of them from being a poor Ozokerite Public Morals, the Methodist Company, Utah Com- fish, of Episcopal Church, pany, Assyrian Asphalt Company,. A popular student of a large uni- » Kyune Graystone Company, Mt. versity gave me his opinion thus: Stone quarries. Products from all WHICH WAY, LITTLE GIRL! "Why do I hate to see a woman these were developed and used by smoke? Because in most cases it is By Agnes Just Reid the Culmer Paving Company of Salt obviously a foolish and pointless af- Lake City and Chicago. This Com- CWEAR if you want to, little girl, fectation. She acts as though this pany also furnished Kyune stone *~* It's simply up to you, little attempt at sophistication is cer- for city and county buildings of Salt But your womanhood is robbed of its tain to win the plaudits of humanity. charm Lake. The girls who smoke for the pleas- Every time that you do. Culmer was acquainted with ure of it are a minimum. Ninety Brigham Young and many of his Smoke if you want to, little girl, per cent of them smoke for the same There's no one to say you "nay," family. "Brigham Young," he says, reason they take a drink of liquor The loss of that priceless, fragrant "was a man of great force, remark- it's 'putting on the dog,' 'hot stuff.' bloom able foresight, and splendid exec- like that gets me. Anything Is the only price you'll pay. utive ability, which qualities laid the foundation for the substantial "The sweet young thing lights up, Drink if you want to, little girl, inhales luxuriously, assumes a bored It's your affair, we know, growth and material prosperity of look, gazing at the world through But civilization follows you Mormon settlements throughout the half-closed eyes, and naively im- Whichever way you go. State."

• THE PHANTOM HERD

(Continued from page 409) mules." But if this little introductory HThe next year another caravan of demonstration was a disillusioning about forty more camels were "The animals, led by their Amer- example of their "docile and pa- brought over, arriving in February, ican and Oriental drivers, marched tient" natures, it was certainly no 1857. Troops of them were sta- down the gang-plank in a most less disheartening than the experi- tioned at the forts in El Paso, Texas,, docile manner. As soon as they hit ment of acclimating them to the bar- and Fort Bowie, Arizona. Another the solid earth, however, their de- ren the American South- in meanor suddenly changed. They wastes of herd was used packing freight west. across the plains. Twenty-three became excited and uncontrollable. Major Wayne had expected a were ordered to Fort Tejon in They reared, kicked, cried, broke great deal of the camels in effecting Southern California. their halters, tore up the picket lines a "lightning charge against unsus- A subject of much comment was and engaged in other fantastic tricks pecting Indians;" but in this he was the camel's remarkable ability of such as pawing and biting each sadly disappointed, for the cameleers finding adequate subsistence in even other. The Texans, at first amused seldom could coax their animals the most barren country, and his at these antics, became panic- above a walk. And, if it is true that gigantic "drink" of water, which stricken and fled." for some months the Indians scur- was enough to last him a week or Of them their admiring com- ried like mad at the sight of these more. His stamina and endurance mander had written—possibly on huge, squealing, biting, "hump- cannot be denied. too slight acquaintance: "They are ed horses," it was because of the It is not true, as some writers the most docile, patient, and easily latter's unearthly appearance with have alleged, that the camel experi- managed creatures in the world and rider and load perched ten feet above ment never gave any promise of suc- infinitely more easily worked than their enormous, padded feet. cess. A caravan system had been 436 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938 established by the Army, in 1860, more time, the succeeding generation sters, whose horses and cattle were that has been compared with those of camels would have been more constantly being stampeded by sight of the Orient; and every military adaptable. of them. post on the principal trail between Yet, notwithstanding the vexa- The Apaches had, in the mean- Texas and California had its quota tions and serious difficulties experi- time, developed a fine taste for camel of camels. Certain business firms enced by all concerned, there is every steaks, and many a wandering rem- in San Francisco noted their great reason to believe that real and lasting nant of the herd fell victim to the freight-carrying value, and an at- success might have been the reward warrior's arrows. Regular hunts tempt was made to introduce them of Major Wayne but for one great were organized, and as late as 1905, for use in Nevada mines. event that dominated everything in some were captured for exhibition Civil But in the end the great "camel American history—the War. purposes; later it was not un- dream" of the Southwest proved to This dealt it its mortal blow, just usual to catch a glimpse of one or be a total and costly failure. The when the enterprise seemed to show more of Greek George's "ships of famous reputation these animals had greatest promise. Wayne resigned the desert" streaking across the sand his commission to take command of on the plains of Asia did not—per- of the creatures he had come to haps through no fault of the camel a squad of Georgia troops, and hate and fear. Congress became engrossed with —assert itself on the arid wastes and It is extremely unlikely that there more serious matters than camels. lava beds of the American desert. are any survivors today; but until Horses and mules hated and feared "\X7hat began as an earnest experi- life itself flickers out, the veteran them and many stampedes resulted prospector, as trudges the deso- ment resulted in dismal failure. he when one of the humped-backed As the War raged between the late solitudes between ancient claim brutes chanced to pass too near. A North and South, the camels began of yesterday and hopeful strike of general feeling of antipathy pre- tomorrow, will continue to see, to disappear. Those at Forts Tejon vailed, which was shared alike by and Yuma were taken to Benicia around his campfire, the phantom men and beasts. herd, stalking across the and auctioned off to the highest bid- dimly moonlit spaces. if the leader The mistake seems to have been ders; others were taken to the great And be whitened age, even as the old in not importing Oriental drivers Comstock mines, to carry salt. But by prospector, that is not strange. Time in sufficient numbers. For it is wherever they went, horses and true that nobody seemed capable mules refused to stay, and disastrous and the desert do many strange of managing the animals except runaways frequently occurred. The things. The story is told of one hunter red camel in "Greek George" and "Hi Jolly" board of aldermen in Virginia City who saw "A wilds of the desert (Philip Tadio) and the other for- adopted a resolution that "no camels the with a saddle its lashed a eign drivers. The teamsters and should appear on the streets except on back to which was army men lacked the necessary pa- between midnight and dawn!" human skeleton." tience and understanding to manage Eventually every one of the un- Strange things indeed tread the the spirited and high-strung crea- wanted beasts was cast adrift on vast solitudes, and whether they be tures. It was like trying to "teach the great Arizona desert, where they fact or fancy, such is the heritage an old dog new tricks." No doubt, wandered aimlessly, to the vast an- of the desert, which holds many in- had the experiment been allowed noyance of prospectors and team- credible truths—and mirages.

THE PROTESTORS OF CHRISTENDOM

{Continued from page 397) Mourret, speaks of the government cided the religious future of all of the

of Theodosius as "gloriously repara- tribes of the Germanic race. . . . laws against heretics, by which he ,. »>22 tive. The baptism of the Franks was an gradually deprived them of all right number of Germanic tribes event of immense importance. The to the exercise of their religion, ex- A had accepted Christianity. The conversion of a powerful Germanic cluded them from all civil offices, and West Goths were in part converted the people to the ( Athanasian ) Catholic threatened them with fines, confis- by Arian bishop Wulfila, translated faith, which was also that of the cation, banishment, and in some who 30 the Bible into the Gothic language. Greco-Roman world, placed the seal cases . . . with death." The East Goths adopted Arianism of the definite victory of Christianity At the instigation of the Athan - in the fourth century. The Lom- (of the Nicene creed) over Arian asian bishop, Ithasius, a Span- bards at the time of their invasion h»»33eresy. ish bishop and six members of his of northern Italy had already adopt- Thus the faith of the Roman em- sect including one woman, were tor- ed Arianism. The Rugi, the Bur- perors, and especially the faith of tured and beheaded with the sword gundians and the Vandals, either Theodosius and Justinian, determin- at Treves in 385. This "is the only all were or became Arian. How- ed the faith of the Christian world. ". instance of the bloody punishment ever, the adoption by the Franks of . . it was always to him (the em- of heretics in this period, as it is the the Nicene creed was to be decisive peror ) that the council owed its for- first in the history of Christianity. for all of the Germanic tribes. Cloth- mation, to him that it looks for its But the propriety of violent measures ilda, wife of Clovis, was of the program, its general direction, and against heresy was henceforth vin- Nicene faith; and at the battle of above all for the sanction of its dedicated even by the best of the Tolbiac (496) Clovis promised to crees. If, as Theodosius, the em- fathers of the church." 21 The emi- become a Christian (Athanasian or peror, is distrustful of formulas and nent present-day Catholic historian, Nicene) if he were victorious. He is more willing to rely on persons, was baptized the following Christ- it is he (the emperor) with whom ^Schaff, History of the Christian Church, vol. Hi, p. 143. mas. "The conversion of Clovis de- {Continued on page 438) aSchaff, History of the Christian Church, vol. ill. 22 p. 343. Mourret, Les Peres de I'Egtise, p. 189. ^Funk-Hemiaer, Hhtoire cte VEglUe. p. 191. 437 —

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938 THE PROTESTORS OF CHRISTENDOM The Color of Courage (Concluded from page 402) (Continued from page 437) cheek. No one but Susie seemed to one is to be in communion. And on government of the Church had be- notice Emily's bare feet and the what does he base his decision? On come despotic, and the people no faded dress she wore. his personal appreciation of the situ- longer had any voice in any matter The First Lady hurried on her ation. Theodosius is Nicene, like —not even as to whether they should busy way. The crowd shuffled out all the occidentals; called to govern belong to the Church or not. Lib- at a respectful distance behind her. existed the orient, he indicates to it as types erty of conscience no longer Only the children lingered on. of orthodoxy the bishops of Rome —a real ethical or religious life was "Say, Emily, where's that new and Alexandria ... a bishop, es- impossible. The Church of the dress you said you'd be a-wearin'?" the pecially an important bishop, who Master had disappeared from demanded one of the older girls. face of the earth; another that had desires to live quietly in peace, must Emily blushed crimson. Little taken its place did not rest on the be careful not to contradict the of- Susie could hold her peace no rock of revelation, but on despotic ficial dogmas and, in general, the longer. power. manifestations, even religious, of the "See those red stripes?" she 34 governmental will." blurted out, pointing a stubby fore- Unless additions or changes were finger accusingly at the new flag. as divinely made directed, it was the "Well, that's Emily's new dress! duty of the Church to preserve the THE CREEK She cut up the brand-new length of organization, the constitution, and calico herself!" By Luacine Clark Fox the doctrines, once given by the But here the overwrought Susie Savior direct or by Him through the 'T'he creek is a dimpling maiden, simply could not go on. With un- Apostles. The "Universal church" -*- Racing down a mountain path restrained sobs she gave way to her (now and to remain Athanasian) Between tall trees, grief at last. Blue-shadowed. was founded neither in the scriptures Emily fidgeted uneasily. Miss nor in the traditions of the Church There are bright-faced flowers smiling up at her. Kinney put her arm around the as recorded in the first two centuries Her dress is ruffled up with foam, child. The others looked at their by Church writers. The officers of And caught in flounces teacher in amazement. Why did she the Church Held by shiny pebbles. were no longer the same, blink her eyes so fast and say over nor had they the same powers. The Her feet are white and cool and bare, And leave a gleaming, and over to herself: Crystal "Red is for courage. Yes, red ^Duchesne, Histoire ancienne de VEglise. vol. U, stream, is p. 662. And cascades in their wake. for courage!"

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438 —

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938 AN "IDEAL" BOOK OF MORMON GEOGRAPHY (Concluded from page 395) plains, but was near it, as on one east sea : and it was on the south by occasion Moroni sought to induce the line of the possessions of the the Lamanites to "meet them upon Lamanites." Alma 50:13. This the plains between the two cities." would place it on the east end of the Alma 52:20. T. This location is important as Moroni was one of the cities which Mulek was one of a number of sank beneath the sea at the time of cities which were on "the east the crucifixion. Ill Nephi 8:9. borders by the seashore." Alma It would be impossible to place 51 :26. It was from here that Tean- more of the lands in an article of cum fled northward on one occasion this length, but with the use of the to reach the city of Bountiful. ...for it has no Alma 52:23-27. accompanying chart and the text of the Book of Mormon many more Thus we establish the land Boun- may be located with surprising ac- moving parts in its tiful to the north of Zarahemla and curacy. Perhaps if all the require- the City Bountiful in the eastern end ments of the text are considered, the freezing system of the Land Bountiful. Book of Mormon student may locate The City of Moroni is also im- the Land of Zarahemla on the pres- portant to us as it was built "by the ent-day map.

THE LORD'S WAY OUT OF BONDAGE SERYEL [Continued from page 401) ELECTROLUX pose of the journey was withheld. paying of a full and honest tithing THE (/

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938 THE LORD'S WAY OUT OF BONDAGE

N\l/, was so happy I could not wait, but God, felt that he had not done called out: "Father, they have had enough and wanted to do more. rain in St. George." There he was in the presence of His "Read it, my boy, read it," he Heavenly Father, overcome with joy said, and I read the telegram telling and happiness. The last words I of a great rain that had come to the heard, as I was returning down the people there, filling the river and its stairs, were: "Thou canst not ask BngharaYxing University tributaries and the canals and anything of me that I am not willing drenching the entire country. The to do, even though it be the offering i newspaper account read: of my life, to prove my love for announcing— Special per Deseret Telegraph.—St. thee." i George, Aug. 2. The long and severe drought that Dixie has been suffering from \17hen father returned to his office, for the last seventeen months was broken his face was filled with hap- this morning and at noon today 1 .89 inches piness and I am very sure that his of rain fell, every drop of which went into heart was lightened and his difficult the parched earth. i Opportunity. The amount of good that will result will task made much easier. be great. More rain fell than Dixie has The Lord had spoken. His word had in twenty months. Her grain crops are was carried on the wings of inspira- 30 per cent below the average, and the 3&l you.! the farthest I \ alfalfa is almost as low, while fruit is suf- tion to ends of the fering considerably. Little or no water has Church. The spirit of tithepaying been flowing from Pine Valley for three wrought upon the hearts of the peo- By the time this magazine months past, and several towns have ple. The Latter-day Saints yielded barely had enough water for culinary pur- reaches your hands, the honest obedience in of poses. Deseret News, Aug. 2, 1899. the payments their tithes, and the relief of the annual catalogue of 1938- The Lord had given the Saints Church from its bondage of debt be- 39 will be off the press. sufficient time to prepare the soil and came assured. plant the seed. Then, too, the fulfil- If you are interested in ed- President Snow expressed the de- ment of the prophecy depended upon sire: "Before I die, I hope to see ucation, one of those cat- the observance of the tithing law. the Church cleared of debt, and in The people were given a little more alogues is for you wher- a commanding position financially." than two months to prepare their He knew the Lord's plan would suc- ever you are. May we not lands and to prove their acceptance ceed; and when it was well under send it to you? A card will of the Lord's command to them. The way, he asked Elder Rudger Claw- prophecy was made in the latter part bring it. son when the Church would be out of May, and its fulfillment was com- of debt. Brother Clawson, who had investment menced with the beginning of the An in educa- been appointed to compile the finan- heavy rains on August 2. These tion which will develop cial statistics, replied: "President rains continued. The crops matured Snow, if you live until the fall of your entire personality is and the promised harvest was reap- 1 905, you will see the Church out of ed by the faithful Saints in the St. the best one you can debt, or, at least, able to take up all George Stake. its obligations, if it wishes to do so." make. Father took the telegram from my President Snow then said: "That hand, read it very slowly, and after will be fine, Brother Clawson. If a few moments, got up from his your prediction does come true and desk, and left the office. A little I live to see the Church out of debt, while afterwards I followed him into we will have a great jubilee in the the house and asked mother where Salt Lake Temple. I will call the Autumn Registration he was. she told me she had When people together and burn the last not seen him, I know he must have bonds before their eyes. There will September 23, 24, 26, gone to his room. I walked quietly be the greatest rejoicing among the 1938 up the stairway and before reaching Latter-day Saints that they have the top I heard him talking, as I had ever known." on the other occasion. I went to his April 5, 1907, President Joseph F. room and there he was again, down Smith stated at conference: on his knees pouring out his heart in The tithes of the people during the year gratitude and thanksgiving to the 1906 have surpassed the tithes of any other Address Lord. He said: year. ... I want to say another thing to you, and I do so by way of congratulation, Father, what can I do to show my ap- and that is, that we have, by the blessings preciation for the blessing which thou hast of the Lord and the faithfulness of the ! BRIGHAM YOUNG given to the good people in St. George? Saints in paying their tithing, been able to Thou hast fulfilled thy promise to them pay off our bonded indebtedness. Today and vindicated the words spoken through the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day thy servant. Do show me some special UNIVERSITY Saints owes not a dollar that it cannot pay | thing that I can do to prove my love for at once. At last we are in a position that thee. we can pay as we go. We do not have Provo, Utah to borrow more, will This faithful servant of the Lord, any and not have to if the Latter-day Saints continue to live "The Friendly School." who had devoted all his long life in their religion and observe this law of tith- B beautiful and unwavering service to (Concluded on page 442) 441 :

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938 THE LORD'S WAY OUT OF BONDAGE

(Concluded from page 441) During the M. I. A. Conference, Elder Francis M. Lyman then ing. It is the law of revenue to the in 1899, at one of the officers' meet- arose said: Church. and ings, President Snow spoke on tith- President Snow: I believe this body of President Snow did not live to see ing. At the conclusion of his ad- men are about as clear upon this law, and it, as he died October 10, 1901, but dress the following resolution was have about as faithfully met their obliga- the Lord's plan, inaugurated through presented by Elder B. H. Roberts: tions in regard to tithing, as any body of him, placed the Church in the com- men in the Church. It is a splendid thing, Resolved: That we accept the doctrine brethren, for us to be always in shape to manding financial position which of tithing, as now presented by President accept the will of the Lord when it comes. President Snow foresaw. Snow, as the present word and will of the President Snow said: Lord unto us, and we do accept it with all our hearts; we will ourselves observe it, Visibly affected, President Snow The law of tithing is one of the most and we will do all in our power to get the then arose said important ever revealed and to man. The pen- Latter-day Saints to do likewise. alty following disobedience to the law of Brethren, the God of our fathers, Abra- tithing is that the disobedient shall not live The resolution was unanimously ham, Isaac, and Jacob, bless you. Every among the people of God. But through man who is here, who has made this prom- adopted by all present rising to their this law the blessings of prosperity and ise, will be saved in the Celestial Kingdom. success will be given unto the Saints. feet and shouting, "Aye." God bless you. Amen.

« BECKONING ROADS

{Continued from page 399) "No fair bothering the driver." your chance. Snatch your chance." "That fellow," the driver ex- The shadows were lengthening "He's insolent and rude." " plained, "came in here the same year and the air was keenly cool with the —and any girl's dream of bliss." as Ben Wood and Nat Crooks. fragrance of evening when Lynn "You make me weary, Vic." Father knows all of them. They turned his car back toward the "That is okay by me as long as had equal chances." ranch. Again he drove slowly and you make good your golden oppor- "Who is Nat Crooks?" as they neared the Wood fences he tunity." "He lives farther up the river. sighed again. When the men came back Lynn He has a good place but he has had seemed the happier "What a place! What a place! much of the two. to count pennies all his days. He "All set. Start work tomorrow." Why wasn't I born fifty years ago?" has a large family but he has man- Phyllis beamed her happiness. aged to educate them. Of his four "Now we can finish our little house." boys three are staying with the land. /\t the ranch he stopped "I'll have to go back with you to That shows opportunity has to be the car in front without leaving the get my clothes." grasped as well as found." county road. They could see Reid "I'll send them over with the mail "Which proves," Vera said with dawdling on the front porch. Miss tomorrow." iinality, "that farming is cuckoo." Meade was there, too, Lynn, Mark, And so the threes drove away She leaned forward and placed a and Nancy got out and went toward leaving behind a disconsolate man kiss on her husband's lips. the house, Reid stepped off the and an angry girl. They sat on the porch to meet them. He was ac- lawn talking jerkily until it was quainted with the men. Lynn spoke frankly dark; then Mark went to the to him The Advertisers, about the work. bunkhouse and Nancy to her room. "I could use another man. Stick She was still angry when she went and Where You Will Find around a few minutes." He turned into Mr. Wood's room the next Their Messages to Nancy. There was a glint about morning. She needed some informa- his eyes that was an instant chal- tion and to show her defiance went Beneficial Life Ins. Co...-Back Cover lenge. "Too bad you were gone so to the father instead of the son for Brigham Young University 441 long," he said to her. it. As she was leaving the room he Daynes Music Co -447 "A friend of stopped her. Deseret News Press 446 yours called." "How is the boss coming?" Eastman Kodak Company 433 "Which friend?" Nancy asked new Globe Mills 419 "Very well, I think. Things sharply, suspicion leaping to her move Home Fire Insurance Co 447 with dispatch." Hotel Lankershim 387 mind. He grinned with frank enjoyment. Ken-Ray Auto Camp 389 "Your friend. The boy friend. KSL Radio Station "Riled you last night, didn't he?" He left just a few minutes before Inside Back Cover "You heard?" you came." L. D. S. Business College 445 "Everything. I might'a told your Landes Tractor & Equipment Co..388 "You mean Pete was here?" friend the truth but I don't believe Levi Strauss 387 Midwest Dairy 443 "I think that is his name. You in interfering. The window was Mountain Fuel Supply Co 439 see Jim told me you had gone home open and no one bothered to keep New Grand Hotel 443 with your friends." their voices down." Ogden School of Beauty Culture.,443 "Then you heard Vera earlier?" Polk, R. L. & Co ..443 Nancy's face went suddenly scar- — Quish School of Beauty Culture-444 let, not that she had been so eager "Couldn't help it." Schoss Electric Co 443 to see Pete—-but the nerve of it. "Vera talks too much." Shell Oil Co. Inside Front Cover Utah Engraving Co 435 She turned abruptly and went back "She's got sense, though." He Utah Power & Light Co ..433 to the car. Vera grabbed her joy- chuckled quietly. "This youngen Utah Oil Co 438 fully. will feel better now. You like him "He's jealous, Nanc. Snatch a little bit, don't you?" 442 " — " a

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 193 8 BECKONING ROADS — "Yes. Yes, of course, but scimitar, hung low above the eastern Was she seeing things or did the hills. And now as she noticed roads ARDEN'S faded old eyes leap with sudden between the brush she knew some- light? "He wouldn't be bad to team where another road was beckoning, up with, would he?" beckoning insistently! The thought RED CAP "He's very—eligible," she an- of it was new and terrifying. Would swered stiffly. her father put his feet to it? He looked at her sharply. Then She put the car away and as she suddenly demanded. "Why don't came up the steps Reid rose out of you go home for a visit. Guess we the dark to open the screen for her. Finer Flavor and Quality don't need to work our help all the "You finally returned?" he bark- See our New Plant time. I hear your father is poorly." ed. 1030 St. "I should love it." At the sharp words Nancy step- So. Main "Hop to it. Take the small car ped upon the porch. The clear night and go by yourself." light struck Reid Wood's face. It ;;when?" was pulled into lines of ill humor. "Right now. When they start "So you are back," he said again. Let me do your IRONING just stacking they might need you." "Did I stay too long?" One Week! Signed—Fred Schoss. "You blessed sinner." Nancy "Yes," curtly. "There was no gave him a swift impulsive kiss and reason for your going." fronrtfe ran to change. "But your father— Takes you off your feet, "I'm running this spread just now. ask for free demonstration N ancy turned the car This happens to be a busy time." ibout recklessly and drove out "Oh." This not been SCHOSS ELECTRIC CO. had a busy Ogdon, Utah across the sagebrush flat. It was time. Tomorrow or next day when too dry, this flat, for farming and the stacking had been started—but it lay much as nature had formed it; not now. In spite of leaving home the only traces of man were the nu- she had been so eager to get back. 1 MOBE GOODS .AKSaWTHttSU) " R.LPolk&Co. merous trails that cut through it It was good to know the feeling of THDOUSHHl ClMSIflEt)6raKUST5 Directory Publishers like this one that had brought her to security this work had brought her. DIRECTORY Established in Utah AN* OTHER her work and was now taking her It was satisfying to be earning. ; MfOWM,' 1890 - 0«eMTM ' back. Another wound away and Here she might forget for a while District Office away across the desert until it the fear the insistent new road had 405 Dooly Block—Salt Lake City merged into others and civilization. brought. Instead she had come One went up Antelope Creek where back to a sulky employer. Flaming there were only rocks and scrub anger swept over her and she turned trees. Some merely lead on and on sharply to go inside. getting nowhere in particular. Life The young man reached a hand to depended a great deal on the road stay her; and then suddenly she was one took. Good thing she was cer- in his arms and his face was very tain of hers. close to hers. She had forgotten barren life how "Don't you dare," he whispered was of comforts at home. She went huskily, "ever leave me again." to sleep that night with a deep de- "But I shall." Her voice was cold pression clinging to her spirits and with fury. She slipped from his it would not be shaken. The house arms and paused in the darkness of was a little hotter, poverty a little the doorway. "I think I shall leave sharper, hopes a little less definite whenever I feel like it." than she had remembered. A great deal of the time she sat by her father. He stepped toward her but she "Aren't you getting better?" she fled to her own room. Tremblingly asked hopefully. she laid aside her things and made ready for bed. Home problems "No," he answered simply. "I am were forgotten now. She could feel GRAND not getting better." NEW acutely the possessiveness of his M. H. THOMPSON O^VfC i M.n.,« He took an avid interest in her arms. With what insouciance he f\%Jt I C L conversation but tried to AT FOURTH SOU TH AND MAIN STREET when she could swing from one girl to an- sit by him and tell him about her other. But she found her anger ebb- experiences words failed her. Hap- ing. Vera had been right. She lay ENROLL NOW penings seemed so trivial compared staring into the patch of light that (Commence Later if Desired) with the far-seeing, baffling look in came through her unblinded win- $25. Discount on a Complete his eyes. With him her thoughts dow. A lovely, lovely road was COURSE IN BEAUTY CULTURE stood still. Words stumbled over opening, inviting and intriguing— A State Accredited School her awkward tongue. road that would lead to the Land of Then all too quickly the visit was Her Heart's Desire. She was glad Ogden School of Beauty Culture Over Egyptian Theatre OGDEN, UTAH over and she was coming back she had bought a new dress in Blaine across the flat. The sky was alight today. Name _ with stars. The moon, a silver ( To be Continued) Address City ..State 443 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938 SERVE YOUR GENERATION it love of man for man seldom directs "OWN men in public office. To our shame (Continued from page 393) many men in public office, high and low, in the of dis- natural wants of His children on dations have tried to protect them- midst personal honesty corruption, pretend to earth shall be supplied, in return for selves against the insidious, soul- and serve their fellow men. They are all their willingness to work. Beyond destroying evil of covetousness. would-be dictators of different de- that, every man must move on as his The covetous man is useless in the grees. There is but one way to cor- natural gifts may permit. service of his generation. Gold, rect evil clean house, lands, property, position must be such —to to N THE solution of this fundamental turn public office, I sought for good purposes only, and the rogues out of and difficult problem, you will be for other of hon- must be valued as means to an end, and you and men driven to teach your "own genera- est, righteous outlook to take their not as ends in themselves, and thus tion," weakened by its own conceit, places. fight against covetous- they must be used. The hoarder or The the few and simple principles by ness and for human liberty will be miser is a menace to his generation. which economic safety is won and part of your .campaign for man's It must also be said that in se- established. Every man by labor economic sufficiency. It will not be curing a better economic order the must contribute to his own and the a pleasant job, perhaps, but there hard-won liberties of men must be world's wealth, by the sweat of his must be no hesitancy on the part of preserved. Man has fought his way brow he must earn life's happiness; educated in accepting the duty. upward, from superstition, ignor- men he must guard carefully against In bringing about a better economic ance, degrading poverty, torture, the waste of his hard-won gains, of and slavery. Centuries have been world you will indeed be service that is, he must be thrifty; he to your "own generation." required and lives sacrificed, not to must live upon his own wealth, speak of the squalor and ills of mil- The third great problem of life not upon that of others, that lions, to win the freedom that men that I desire to mention and the last, is, he must live within his own now possess— freedom to think, to involves your largest duty if you means, thus relegating debt to the speak, to act, under the law—to en- wish to serve your "own genera- rubbish heap; and the strong must joy the earth and its bounties. In tion." help the weak, that is, those who recent years, under the specious pre- Our times are unsurpassed in have must give to those who have tense that better provision may be knowledge. Since Galileo dropped not. It will not be an easy task to made for man's material wants, and stones from the leaning tower of make men accept these teachings, in that greater equality shall prevail, Pisa, man's conquest of nature's a world diseased from false philos- dishonest or misguided men are at- secrets has gone forward at an ac- ophies, but you must not falter in tempting to lead mankind back into celerated pace. The sciences have your attempts, if you would serve the horrors of the dark past, where revealed undreamed-of mysteries your "own generation," dictators determine the course of of nature. Man, who is never con- Do not forget, however, that at individual lives. The lesson of his- tent with merely knowing, has the bottom of our economic chaos, tory is clear. Human happiness is brought the forces of nature under as a major factor, lies the horrible the product of individual freedom, his control, and reduced them to disease of the soul known as, covet- under the law of the group. Any servitude in the house of humanity. ousness, which may affect rich or departure from that principle spells A machine does the work of a hun- poor. That must be fought and con- bondage and misery for man. dred hands; we move with incred- quered, before our economic system If that truth has not been made, ible swiftness over land and sea; the can be fully righted. Covetousness in a spiritual sense, flesh of your spoken word is heard around the means love of material things for flesh and bone of your bone, your world; comforts and luxuries sur- themselves. The intense desire for training has been a dismal failure. round us; the kings of the past were gold, property, fame, or honor dulls You will be obliged, if you are to beggars compared with the average every human sense, becomes as it serve your "own generation" to fight man of today. It is a marvelous age were an anaesthetic to the spiritual tyranny, the foe of liberty, what- of unequalled progress. nature; and man becomes cruel, ever its masquerading name may be, Yet we must confess, it is not all- harsh, miserly, careless of his fellow whether at home or abroad. It will around progress. Our moral prog- men. Right-minded men, to whom be a worth-while battle, for human ress has lagged behind fearfully. wealth has come, have recognized happiness will be at stake. It may It seems actually to have been re- this danger, and by gifts and foun- be the sorest of your life's battles. tarded by us in our eager search for HThe battle against tyranny may new material victories. Of course, have progressed morally, but not BE INDEPENDENT have to begin at home. The at- we enough; for, as man wins new con- No Other Vocation So Profitable tempt to deprive men of their lib- quests over nature, and new powers ENROLL NOW erties, which means to reduce them are placed in his hands, he requires For a Complete Course at the to slavery, roots in selfishness, shall sturdier moral strength to use his I say, again, covetousness. In our new gifts. Quish School of Beauty Culture own republic, where democracy should rule, the political boss, big of present condi- The Best in the West Note some our or little, is usually impelled by self- tions. Crime is rampant. Murders 336-340 S. Main, American Bldg., X SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH ish motives. He cares little for the are commonplace. College gradu- For Further Information liberty of the group he seeks to con- ates are confined with those less in- S*% or Catalog Call trol. He tyrannizes as far as he formed in the penitentiaries of the Wasatch 7560 or thinks it safe. The vast majority of land. Much scientific invention is Fill in This politicians are more concerned with being used to injure or destroy man. ***. Coupon political plums than with govern- The methods of warfare have never mental principles. Unfortunately, been so dastardly and frightful. As 444 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938

// SERVE GENERATION religion is truth. Both science and YOUR "OWN religion are drawn in their essential far as the law permits, fraudulent telligence in the universe may not knowledge and conclusions from the articles are hawked over the coun- enter the portals of science. Many same unseen universe. Three hun- try. Stimulants, narcotics, habit-be- thoughtful, educated men have dred years of scientific exploration getting drugs, to whip nerves into come to believe that in this view has established one thing above all action or to render them insensible, lurks the most persistent danger to others: the unseen world is real, for the greatest al- our civilization. are publicized with out of it has come the major part of lure and at staggering costs. For- As a result of this placement of our scientific possessions. The one sales tunes are being built up, from religion, conduct or proper use of chief claim of religion is the reality to the unwary or the weak, and the man's faculties, which is a product of the unseen world. Religion and owners claim respectability. The of religion, is often left a foundling science are but parts of one whole. lying, corrup- volume of theft, and on the doorstep of man's discovered There is unity in all nature. Reli- tion in public and private places house of truth. If conduct is gion in its broad aspect is the phil- all, seems out of strange consonance touched at it is a part of ethics, osophy of all knowledge; it is the with our gains over the physical by which men live to some degree system that directs all knowledge universe. In the midst of mental righteously, because, selfishly it is towards human welfare; science in plenty there remains moral poverty, wise to do so, not because it con- its common meaning is but a hand- Under the effulgence of our intel- forms to the higher will and wisdom. maid of religion. lectual light, nations are actually Society becomes a lifeless, souliess, Tf humanity continues to accept planning to return to the chained though mayhap an efficient machine, the gifts of science apart from re- conditions which we have long called when governed by ethics; when un- ligion, the old saving truths will van- the dark ages. It is an incredible der the warm sun of religion it de- ish from the earth, and men will seek situation, velops, grows, and behaves as a to win their way by ruthless, loveless Co evident has been the moral lag living organism blessing all. Men methods. Chaos will be the end. of mankind that it has been pro- are but automatons unless religion A noble service will be rendered posed that civilized man declare an enters into their lives, your "own generation" if you teach intellectual moratorium until the The forgetfulness of religion is with all your might that all knowl- world's morality catches up with our sterilizing the world. In the cold edge, all good comes from one present scientific knowledge. That, view of material science lie the seeds source, the eternal God. By that of course, should not be done. There f ev il s that threaten the destruction token alone will conduct under must be no cessation of progress in f human life, liberty, and happiness. God's law, save the generations of any department of human activity. It should not be so, for the objective men from their own folly. is to give Rather, the way out more f science is truth; the objective of (Concluded on page 447) attention to the moral advancement and safety of mankind. Nothing can be more important Returned Missionaries Keep Alive the Spirit of Their Missions for the protection of human welfare. MISSIONARY CLUB, L. D. S. COLLEGE— 1937-38 It is the moral nature of man that directs the intellect in all human relations. Proper conduct is a product of morality. Take away moral direction and the conduct of man cannot be foretold—it may bless or curse; it may heal or kill; it recog- nizes no law save its own whim and safety. What is the way out? How may the moral actions of the race be ac- celerated? That is a heart cry of the world. Here religion enters. Morality without God is ethics; morality with God is religion. Perhaps science, itself, in this age of science, is to blame. Man's present wealth of knowledge is so enormous that no one man can possess more than a small fraction of it. Consequently it has been divided into many disciplines, and the sub- First Row: J. W. Fair, Logan; Gladys Crolley, Bethune, So. Carolina; Rella Anderson, Idaho division continues. Each branch has Falls; Harriet Yates, Lake Point; Elsie Adams, Douglas, Georgia; Georgia Erickson, Vernal. Second Row: Berger Kleven, Salt Lake City; George Peterson, Salt Lake City; Donald Taylor, its own instruments and methods of Ephraim; Frank Tingey, Salt Lake City; Harrison Sperry, Salt Lake City. Third Row: John Hodgson, Salt Lake City; Dean Walker, Pleasant Grove; Wendell Miller, approach. Men in one division, Venice; Victor Degn, Logan; Arthur Lunt, Salt Lake City; Burke Jones, Salt Lake City, Warren hemmed in by their man-made walls, Sutton, Salt Lake City. This club, sponsored by Eugene C. Hinckley, provided programs for many Sacrament often know little or nothing of other Meetings in Salt Lake City and neighboring stakes. The organization fosters spiritual, scholas- tic, and social activities, thus helping returned missionaries through the difficult readjustment divisions. In the midst of this pro- period ' fusion, religion has been set aside as ALWAYS, STUDENT WELFARE COMES FIRST1 Your name and address on a card will bring full information. totally different from all other branches of human experience. L. D. S. BUSINESS COLLEGE 70 North Main Street Salt Lake City, Utah Moreover, whatever savors of in- 445 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938

Solution to June Puzzle Scriptural Crossword Puzzle—Pauline Precepts (I Thess. 5:15)

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ACROSS

1 "Quench not . . . Spirit" 37 Part of the foot ". 4 . . your own selves" 39 Father of Joshua

8 "But let us, . . . are of the day" 40 General Secretary 11 Seven, a combining form 42 King of Bashan 12 Revived 43 Possessive pronoun 14 Epistle that Paul wrote 44 "Faithful is he . . calleth you"

15 Our country 46 "even as others . . have no hope" 16 Style of painting 48 Small area

17 "be patient toward . . . men" 50 Translation 6j ( jo ore to the 19 "I am made all . . . to all men" 51 God in Hebrew names 21 Sportsman's halloo 53 Told 23 "nor the ... by night" (pi.) 56 Land measure 24 Hawkeye State 57 Paul counts as one ". Jjriae... 26 . . , so wouki we have it" 58 "For this ... the will of God"

27 Clothing 59 "zealous of . . . works" ." 29 "they shall turn away their . . 60 "the day of the Lord . . . cometh 4 E are prepared, now, 31 "and . . . the traditions which ye as a thief in the night" more than ever before, have been taught" ." to supply you with the 32 "Therefore, brethren, stand . . Our Text from Thessalonians is 4, 34 Burden 17, 19, 31, 32, 44, and smartest 46, 58, 59 and most 36 Influenza combined modern wedding sta- tionery. New styles, new DOWN types, new methods of

1 Epistles . . . were treatment are constantly Both to the 23 "thou art beside thyself; much written by 4 down learning doth make thee ..." being developed to bring ." 2 False fruit of a rosebush (var.) 25 "ye that ride on white . . smartness and style to this 3 "Now an omer is the tenth part 28 God in Hebrew names ." feature of your great ad- of an . . 30 Athenian "... ." 4 , called to be an apostle of 31 "Esau was a cunning . . venture. And prices are ." Jesus Christ" 32 "and the waters . . most reasonable. Call or 5 4 down was this when he "stood 33 Anything write today. in the midst of Mars' hill" 35 Greek letter

6 Old Dominion 38 "lest that by any means, when I ." 7 Marbles and watches bear this have preached to . . name 40 Festivals ." Cshe JJeseret Q\ews Jrress 8 "the shadow of thy . . (sing.) 41 Let it stand 9 Ruler of district in old Norway 45 Son of Lotan Gen. 36: 22 29 Richards Street, 10 Song 47 Son of Enoch; raid (anag.) 13 Glasses 49 Animal Salt Lake City 18 Christ, the divine word 52 Constellation "... The leading printers in the West for Eighty years 20 , every one that thirsteth, 54 For example ". come ye to the waters" 55 . . it heartily, as to the Lord"' ". 22 . . , not so, my Lord" 446 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, JULY, 1938

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448 * Orchestra members in the picture are, left to right, back

row: ; Shirl Thayne, drums; Virge Dimond, bass; Frances Os- borne, piano. Middle row: Ralph Eskelson, Ralph Jacobsen, Milt Rawlings, saxophone and clarinet; Glenn Lee, guitar; Top left, Gene Halliday, KSL's music director, at the Oge Jorgensen, cello; Dan Frewin and Seare Morrison, trum- console of the KSL Organ over which he has presided for pets; Reed Tanner, trombone. Front row, Earl Kevitch, Wil- many years. Mr. Halliday plans and prepares your Musi- liam Hardiman, Erma Grove, violins; Kaye Roylance, violin, cal entertainment for this station. Center, KSL's 15-piece oboe and reeds. concert orchestra. Below, top, William Hardiman, associate orchestra director, and, bottom, Glenn Lee, master of ceremonies and director of many KSL musical shows.

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r. pres *ne The Voice of the West moment- *P . "b^ance^ . VlCn on roustcai * USTe used. fast's r Columbia's 50,000 watt addeo air, an affiliate in Salt Lake City. —

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