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Proceedings of Slansky Trial, Prague 1952

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Proceedings of Slansky Trial, Prague 1952 PROCEEDINGS of the TRIALS of Slansky, et al in Prague, Czechoslovakia November 20-27, 1952 as broadcast by the CZECHOSLOVAK HOME SERVICE 1 — THE COURSE OF THE TRIAL — Thursday, November 20, 1952 Morning — Opening of the Trial Afternoon — SLANSKY Evening — Witnesses Josef Vondracek Dr. Vaclav Vlk Dr, Eduard Goldstuecker Dr. Pavel Kavan Mordecai Oren Jaromir Kopecky Oskar Langer Andela Kankovska Friday, November 21, 1952 Morning — GEMINDER Witnesses Reiman Klinger Afternoon — CLEMENTIS Evening — Witnesses Jaroslav Jircik Novomesky Ivan Horvath Saturday, November 22, 1952 Morning — CLEMENTIS (cont.) LONDON HAJDU Witnesses Karel Dufek Vlastimil Borek Afternoon — SIMONE Evening — FREJKA Sunday, November 23, 1952 Morning — Witnesses Ivan Holy Bedrich Hajek Jancik (Jung) FRANK Witness Marie Svermova 2 Evening — EVZEN LOEBL Witnesses Dagmar Kacerovska Josef Hajman Monday, November 24, 1952 Morning — RUDOLF MARGOLIUS OTTO FISCHL Afternoon — SLING Witnesses Voska Vaclav Pacak Hanus Lieben-Lomsky Tuesday, November 25, 1952 Morning — SVAB Witnesses Osvald Zavodsky Vera Hloskova Oscar Valasek Afternoon — REICIN Evening — Witnesses Gustav Freisleben Vladmir Horsky Vilem Novy Simon Orenstein Gusta Fucikova Wednesday, November 26, 1952 Morning — Hearing of experts on planning, foreign trade and finance: 1. Josef Pucik — Chairman of the State Planning Office 2. Jan Soucek — Deputy Minister for Foreign Trade 3. Josef Cekal — Deputy to the Director of the Control Department of the State Bank Dr. Urvalek, Chief Prosecutor Afternoon — Defense Counsels: Dr. Bartos, Dr. Posmura, Dr. Ruzicka, Dr. Synek Final Statements of the Accused Thursday, November 27, 1952 Morning — Sentencing 3 NOVEMBER 20, 1952 —FIRST DAY OF THE TRIAL —MORNING SESSION On November 20, 1952, at 0900 hours court proceedings started before the Senate of the State Court in Prague against the leadership of the Anti-State Conspiratorial Center headed by Rudolf Slansky. The Court consisted of: Chairman, Dr. Jaroslav Novak; Prosecutor, Dr. Josef Urvalek. The prosecution was further represented by Prosecutors Vaclav Ales, Miroslav Kolaja and Frantisek Hanzl. Shortly before 0900 hours, the accused were brought into the courtroom. The working people’s representatives who filled the courtroom with disgust — even with deep contempt — at the faces of the accused, the imperialist mercenaries whose dirty plans were foiled in time! At 0900 hours the Prosecutors took their seats. The gathering rose to its feet when the State Court, consisting of five judges presided over by Dr. Novak, entered the courtroom. Dr. Novak opened the trial: “Be seated. I herewith open the trial before the State Court of the accused Rudolf Slansky and his partners for crimes of high treason, espionage, military treason, and sabotage.” He read off the names and former positions held by the accused: Rudolf Slansky, former Deputy Prime Minister and former Secretary General of the Central Committee of the Communist Party. Bedrich Geminder, former Chief of the International Department of the Central Committee’s Secretariat. Ludvik Frejka, former Chairman of the National Economic Branch in the office of the President of the Republic. Josef Frank, former Deputy of the Secretary General of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, Vladimir Clementis, former Minister of Foreign Affairs. Bedrich Reicin, former Deputy to the Minister of National Defense. Karel Svab, former Deputy to the Minister of National Security. Arthur London, former Deputy to the Minister of Foreign Affairs. Vavro Hajdu, former Deputy to the Minister of Foreign Affairs. Evzen Loebl, former Deputy to the Minister of Foreign Trade. Rudolf Margolius, also former Deputy to the Minister of Foreign Trade. Otto Fischl, former Deputy to the Minister of Finance, Otto Sling, former Deputy to the Minister of Finance, Secretary of the Communist Party in Brno. Andre Simone, former editor of Rude Pravo. The presiding judge then announced: “As defending counsels of the accused, the following have been officially appointed: “Dr. Vladimir Bartos, to defend the accused Slansky and Margolius; Dr. Vojtech Posmura, for the accused Geminder, Svab, and Loebl; Dr. Jiri Stastny, for the accused Frank Clementis, and Reicin; Dr. Vaclav Synek, for the accused Fischl, Hajdu, and Sling; Dr. Jaromir Ruzicka for the accused Frejka, London, and Simone. I draw the attention of the accused to the fact that it is in their own interest to follow the contents of the indictment as well as the proceedings of the trial. They also have the right to make a statement about each item of evidence. “It is necessary to point out to them that one of the most important extenuating circumstances to be considered when sentences are passed, in case they are found guilty, is a full and penitent confession. Otherwise, the accused can naturally conduct the defense 1 as they think fit. I will now ask the Chief Prosecutor to read the indictment.” The Chief Prosecutor then read individual chapters of the indictment. His concluding remarks were these: “Thus, it is irrefutably proven that the accused, headed by Slansky, committed the most serious crimes against the State and the people. There is no worse crime than treason against the Fatherland and the Nation, whoever commits it. “The treachery and danger of attacking the freedom, sovereignty, and independence of the Fatherland planned by these criminals is all the greater because they abused their membership in the Czechoslovak Communist Party, they misused the trust of our working people’s party, misused the high official positions entrusted to them, and joined hands with our bitterest enemies — the U.S. imperialists and their lackeys — in order that our Fatherland might be thrown into the shackles of capitalism. “They could only carry out their criminal activities by pretending to approve of the program and policy of the Communist Party and by masking themselves cleverly so that they would not be found out. Even after some members of the Anti-State Conspiratorial Center were unmasked and imprisoned, the crafty double dealer Rudolf Slansky tried to divert attention from himself as head of the conspiracy, by pretending that he himself was to be the victim of the subversive activities of Sling, Svermova, and others. “However, although the conspirators headed by Slansky succeeded in occupying important posts in the organs of the Party and the State, from which they could dangerously threaten the Republic, the People’s Democratic regime, and the Socialist edifice, they did not succeed — as did Tito in Yugoslavia — in controlling the highest organs of the Party and the State, usurping power, and thus realizing their criminal intentions. They failed, thanks to the vigilance and watchfulness, coupled with determination, of the leader of the Czechoslovak people, Comrade Klement Gottwald; thanks to the solidarity and unity of the Communist Party Central Committee around Comrade Gottwald; and thanks to the unwavering faithfulness and devotion of all the Czechoslovak people to the Party.” NOVEMBER 20, 1952 — AFTERNOON SESSION The afternoon session began with an examination of the chief accused, Slansky. Presiding Judge; “Accused Slansky, step before the microphone. Are you guilty of the four described criminal acts?” Slansky: “Yes.” Presiding Judge; “The first crime is espionage.” Slansky: “Yes.” Presiding Judge; “High treason.” Slansky: “Yes.” Presiding Judge; “Sabotage.” Slansky: “Yes.” Presiding Judge: “Military treason.” Slansky: “Yes.” Presiding Judge: “Will you please tell us in what respect you admit your guilt?” Slansky (speaking slowly and haltingly in a hushed voice): “I fully admit my guilt and I wish to describe in detail and truthfully everything I have done. I have done serious wrong so far as the interests of the Czechoslovak people are concerned. By right, I am judged by this court, by the people’s democratic court, by right I am forced to answer to charges 2 today before all the Czechoslovak people and also before all democratic peoples of the world. In my testimony, therefore, I shall spare neither myself nor my partners. “Above all I shall not spare myself, because I, as one of the most important officials of the Communist Party, misused this great trust invested in me by the Communist Party and the Czechoslovak people, whose great achievements, gained since 1945, I have threatened through my activities. “First of all I wish to confess my guilt that, as the enemy of the Communist Party and the people’s democratic regime, I formed the Anti-State Conspiratorial Center at the head of which I stood for several years. In this center of ours I concentrated a number of various capitalist and bourgeois-nationalist elements. “My collaborators became agents of imperialist espionage services, that is, of the French, English, and particularly the American services, and carried out hostile activities serving the interests of the American and English imperialists, who aimed at liquidating the people’s democratic order, restoring capitalism, and effecting a reorientation of Czechoslovak foreign policy in favor of the Western capitalist powers. I carried out hostile activities within the Czechoslovak Communist Party — in the economic, foreign, security, and other sectors. We worked for complete seizure of power in the Party and state to enable us to restore capitalism and to liquidate the people’s democratic order. “I admit that I established contact and relations with Konni Zilliacus, a representative of the Anglo-U.S. imperialists and of their espionage service,
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