SUDEST ustainable Sdevelopment of sea towns URBACT SUDEST SUDEST Preface The city of Naples, as SUDEST Working Group lead partner activated the URBACT Community Initiative Programme, during these years has actively taken part in different initiatives and programmes of the European Union, such as the URBAN I Programme and, as a partner city, in PARTECIPANDO, CHORUS, CULTURE and REGENERANDO thematic networks, activated by the URBACT Programme. The issue of the relationship between the city and the sea and the most effective strategies for coastal areas requalification and reorganization in cities characterized by the presence of port areas, has been debated for a long time and “waterfronts”, particularly during the last few years, have been experimentation fields for interesting planning solutions. In Naples too, which is an important port of call marked by the presence of a considerable port area – the waterfront was subject to some interventions promoted by the Municipal Administration aiming at giving the city its own “waterfront” back, especially in the central and monuments areas. SUDEST allowed eight European and non European cities, four European Universities, a society for urban requalification and a Port Authority to work on the issue of the city-port interface and on the economic development opportunities through the activities connected to the port. The present final dossier, representing the results of the work performed within the SUDEST Project, intends to be a contribution in giving a systematic deep review of what is being doing in some European port cities to face the issue of requalification and renewal of the coastal areas and of the contact line between the coast and the city, in order to elaborate a set of recommendations and conclusions with the following goals: - to attract European attention on the specificity and importance of urban development projects of the city-port interface areas; - to provide reflection instruments useful to sea cities for a better management of the city-port problem. The comparison among the SUDEST different territorial realities, which are explained in the present final report, will at last contribute to further improve the approach that, during these years, is being experimented and is aiming at facing, according to the context and to an interdisciplinary point of view, the different aspects and components characterizing these urban strategic areas. On. Rosa Iervolino Russo: Mayor of the city of Naples SUDEST Foreword The idea of activating a working group on sustainable development of sea towns arises from the belief that the sea is a resource for the city which has to be valorised and optimized. “The bay is not Naples” (Il mare non bagna Napoli) is the title of a famous novel which summarizes very well the problem that the Neapolitan Administration is trying to solve, as it may be understood from the initiatives shown in the present report, and this is the reason why the “SUDEST” working group within the URBACT Community Initiative me has been undertaken. During these months, the activities performed by the group have underlined successful initiatives as well as critical aspects characterising the area, often in conflict, of the city-port interface. The integrated approach, which has been the “fil rouge” characterizing the projects presented, confirmed itself as a successful method for difficult areas. The huge synergy which was created among all partners of Naples, the cities (Istanbul, Le Havre, Livorno, Matosinhos, Syracuse, Zarzis), the Universities (Le Havre, Naples, Porto, Pescara), the society for urban requalification in Baixa Portuense (SRU Porto Vivo) and the Douro and Leixoes Harbour Authority (APDL), led to the present final report which is evidence of a unanimous work to which everyone contributed. The support given by the thematic expert Rachel Rodrigues Malta (University of Aix en Provence and Marseille I) was fundamental, even for the vital work of co-ordinating the expert’s activities, Arnaud Le Marchand (University of Le Havre), Luigi Fusco Girard with Maria Cerreta, Pasquale De Toro, Ilaria Salzano (University of Naples “Federico II”), Gianmichele Panarelli (University of Pescara). Furthermore the precious suggestions, in terms of work methods and results capitalization, of the expert of the Secretariat Pauline Geoghegan, have been very precious. Moreover, the work performed by the city of Naples was possible thanks to the co-operation of the operative technical committee which was created “ad hoc” for SUDEST, with particular reference to: “the V Infrastructures Central Direction”, “the Valorisation of the Historical City Service”, the “Planning, ming and Design of Transports Infrastructures Service”, “the Autonomous Department of Urban Planning”, the “Executive Planning for territory and environment structural components Service”, “the Innovative me within the Urban Field Project Unit”, “the Urban Studies Project Unit”, “the European Funds and Innovative Financing Service” and “Labour Department”. In particular, the technical, administrative and organizational works of arch. Giancarlo Ferulano, manager of the Historical centre valorisation Service, together with Mrs Monica Vito and for the URBACT Project Unit, National and International Networks Mr. Adolfo Arenare, were fundamental Finally, I thank prof. Rocco Papa, deputy major during the last legislation, who, as the project councillor coordinator, has supported SUDEST initial stage, together with his team, the architect Rosaria Battara, the notary Sabatino Santangelo, the actual deputy major project councillor coordinator, who followed the final stage together with his team, architect Riccardo Festa, and all the different political representatives of the partner cities which took part each time in the different seminars with particular reference to Mme Cahierre, deputy major of Le Havre, and Mr Riccardo Monaco, councillor of Syracuse, for the efforts performed to SUDEST success. Thanks very much. arch. Gaetano Mollura: Urbact Project Unit Coordinator, National and International Networks, City of Naples SUDEST Organization Partners Napoli lead partner Le Havre Camera municipal de Matosinhos Apdl Porto Vivo Livorno Members MED-INT Siracusa University of Napoli University of Le Havre University of Pescara University of Porto Expert cities IsTanbul -Turkey Zarzis-Tunisia SUDEST Index PRESENTATION OF SUDEST WORKING GROUP 10 I The URBACT Community Initiative Programme 10 II SUDEST Project : Which sustainable development for sea towns? 11 II.a The theme tackled by SUDEST – the aims, the work methodology and the obtained results 12 IDENTITY CARDS OF PARTNERS AND MEMBERS OF SUDEST WORKING GROUP 14 Municipality of Naples 15 Municipality of Le Havre 16 Municipality of Livorno 17 APDL, SA Port Authority of the Douro and Leixões 18 Municipality of Matosinhos 19 Porto Vivo, SRU – Sociedade de Reabilitação Urbana da Baixa Portuense, S.A. 20 Municipality of Siracusa 21 Municipality of Istanbul 22 Municipality of Zarzis 23 University of Le Havre 24 University of Naples “ Federico II” 25 University of Chieti - Pescara “Gabriele d’Annunzio” 26 University of Porto 27 SUDEST SEMINARS 28 INTRODUCTION 36 I – Port towns: the new factors for development 37 II – The town-port interface, a symbolic place of redevelopment 38 IIa – Origin of an issue 38 IIb – Several generations of waterfronts 38 IIc – Town-port reassembling: modalities and goals 39 III– Sustainable development: a concept to be specified 40 IV – Methodological classification 42 IVa –Is it impossible to compare the projects of urban regeneration? 42 IVb - Three thematic grids 42 PART I: CITY–PORT INTERFACE: A TRANSITIONAL SPACE, MUTATING SPACES 45 1– Beyond the appearances: some common features 46 1a – Distinct spatial configurations 46 1b – A same register of inefficiencies 48 2 - Changing urban districts characterized by negative social-economic indicators 51 2a – Urban districts with diversified function and landscapes 51 2b – Negative social and economic indicators 53 PART II CHANGING THE CITY – PORT INTERFACE 56 Index SUDEST 1 – City – port interface as convergence line of urban and territorial dynamics 57 2 –Renewal of the city-port interface between projects as a whole and exact actions 58 2a – The same formulation for metropolitan projects 58 2b – Project localization and times 59 3 - Objectives and projection scales of projects 61 3a – Projects with metropolitan significance and multiple objectives 61 3b - Diversification of local economic base with development of new qualified functions 63 PART III GOVERNANCE OF THE PROJECT 67 1 – Origin and start-up of the project 68 1a – The leading role of municipalities in drawing up projects 68 2 – The public actors involved in the project: role, competences and modalities of partnership 68 2a – The public actors 68 2b – Resources and funds 71 2c –Partnership structures to share competences and manage the project 71 3 – The participation of the private sector 73 4 – The participation of the civil society 74 4a – Identification of the involved groups 74 4b – Modalities and ways of participation 75 4c – Professional skills and expertises involved in preparing and managing the projects 77 PART IV STRATEGIES AND MODALITIES 78 1– Regeneration of city-port interface and urban planning 79 1a - Projects developed within the extent of a revision of the Municipality’s town plans 79 1b – An evolution of the planning instruments of ports which encourages the regeneration of the city-port interface. 80 2 – A town-planning