STRAIGHTTALK] Betting and Gambling > pp 40-41

Insert N°3 • Friday 4 JUNE 2010

ISSUES] Capital punishment : Editorial ] A conversation about death by Touria PRAYAG pp.> 32-33 Basta!!!! Until such time as robot-operated newspapers are invented, asking the press to be totally independent is asking its journalists Freedom of the press: to let go of their humanness. When it comes to expressing opi- nion, a degree of bias is inevitable in every position editors take, in every thought they express, in every word they lay on paper. This dangerous erosion degree of bias in opinion does not absolve us of the responsibility of being fair, of tackling issues instead of criticizing personalities, of making sure that the information presented is objective. The tug of war between the political leaders currently holding the levers of state power and La Sentinelle is most saddening. of right of access Accusing us of making mistakes is a criticism we are happy to accept, and learn from. Claiming that our opinion leaders have a political bias is something I am personally not prepared to refute. It is not out of character as human beings. But for a press group to be the mouthpiece of one particular party, which is what we are being accused of, all its editorialists should have a demonstrable affi nity with that party. Can anyone who has been reading our editorials since the beginning of the campaign honestly look us straight in the eye and say that all our editors have expressed the same views and/or biases? Can anyone even suggest that we have written about the same issues? While my colleague Raj Meetarbhan expressed his confi dence that Pravind Jugnauth will do well as minister of fi nance because of his track record, my recollections did not give me the same comfort. While he, based on the information he was receiving from his journalists, was talking about a “close fi ght,” we were depicting Navin Ramgoolam as “the most popular politician in the country” and Darlmah Naeck was chastising Paul Bérenger for his “communalisme scientifi que”. Rabin Bhujun and Gilbert Ahnee were dealing with totally different issues. Jean-Claude de l’Estrac, the chairman of the board of La Sen- tinelle, has never denied his past or his present and his views were unequivocally expressed in his editorials. Apart from that, he was receiving the newspapers at the same time as our readers. Some of our views he may have liked, some he may not, but had he dictated what we should be writing about or how, we would all have dealt with the same issues in the same way at the same time. Assuming all the criticism levelled against us is warranted, there are only two ways to keep us in check: our columns or our courts of law. Anyone who feels wronged can take legal action. And we did open our columns to our readers to express their views –uncensored. Some took the opportunity to vent all their anger at us. We have published their comments verbatim. That is the only legitimate way to fi ght back in a democracy. Not by ostracising journalists; not by cancelling a parent’s school invitation on the grounds that she is the editor-in-chief of a newspaper run by La Sentinelle and sending her child home in tears and incomprehension; not by withdrawing l’express from public libraries; not through boycott. And certainly not by de- nying journalists access to government property at a very offi cial ministerial press conference. I think it is time to say “Basta!” Pravind Jugnauth has cros- sed the line. La Sentinelle is over 600 employees trying to make a living for their families by informing the public of matters of interest to them. Depriving them of information, quite apart from being a blatant violation of democracy - which is grave enough in itself - puts their livelihood at stake. This fl ies in the face of every democratic principle this country has fought for!

Naden CHETTY [email protected] l’express [ Friday 4 June 2010 • Insert N°3 QUICKREAD] p. 30 The Week at a Glance] Events] Book Festivals The National Li- brary is organizing two Book Festivals in line with World Book Day 2010. The fi rst event will take place on Saturday 5th June at the Municipality of Beau Bassin/ Rose Hill from 10.00 to 19.00. The second festival will be held at Caudan Waterfront on Saturday 26th June from 10.00 to 22.00. The festival will delight book lovers with its wide range of books available at very affordable prices and will also include games and musi- cal entertainment for you to spend a fun day out with your family. This year, the festival is also focusing on the protection of the environment, keeping in mind that trees are the main ingredient for the paper which is used to make books. ‘Salon de Mai’ Art lovers will enjoy a visit to the Salon de Mai, which will be on until Saturday 5th June at the Mahatma Gandhi Institute. The Salon de Mai is an annual event and this year has reached its 29th edition. The exhibition show- cases a large variety of works by local artists, including paintings, sculptures, collage, and papier maché. The event is a tribute to art and it encou- rages original and unusual expressions of creativity.

The week was marked in the developing world. on women and girls in Concert by World No Tobacco Day, These women had pre- Asia, Africa and other de- Fans of fusion music will enjoy the which is observed around viously been spared due veloping regions. This is performance by Sooraj Kumar the world every year on to tradition and lack of in- doubly immoral as women Beeharry, who will perform at the May 31st. This year, the come. Today, as their eco- are considered to be the Mahatma Gandhi Institute on 6th theme is gender and tobacco nomic situation improves, most vulnerable section of June at 19.30. He is a singer and with an emphasis on marke- they will not get to enjoy society in the developing composer who is well known for ting to women. the benefits as before world. As they look to the bringing together the best ele- Concern about women long, they will be hooked West for the latest in li- ments of Eastern and Western and smoking has been in a habit which will swal- festyle, companies in the music. The artist specialises in growing and the World low a good chunk of their West continue to portray classical songs in Hindustani and has Health Organisation income and interfere with the image that women are held many shows in Mauritius and South Africa. Tickets (WHO) decided to sound the quality of their lives. empowered by smoking. are available at Rs 300 through Rezo Otayo. Call 466 9999 for reservations. the alarm bells this year. Their limited access to In a few years we will, un- Indeed, more and more, health care compounded fortunately, witness the the tobacco companies, by a lack of education full burden of this “em- seeing their profits going gives a bleak picture. powerment.” ‘Salon de la Maison’ down due to health awa- While the tobacco in- In Mauritius, the Find everything you need to decorate reness, particularly in the dustry’s profits in the West last minister of health the home of your dreams at the Salon de West, are now targeting are decreasing, in Asia and Rajesh Jeetah was fearless la Maison, which will house 120 exhi- women. Tobacco is to- Africa they are growing at in fighting tobacco. His bitors at the Swami Vivekananda Centre day considered one of the an unprecedented rate. message was unequivo- until Sunday 6th June. The event will be greatest health threats fa- The heavy footprint the cal: ‘cigarettes kill,’ he said open from 10.00 to 19.00 and focuses cing women and girls. The rogue industry leaves on to l’express Weekly. He on interior decoration, comfort and tobacco industry is marke- the two continents is one conceded that at the end style. Tickets will be sold at Rs.30 for ting aggressively in order of death, hunger, poverty of the day, people have to adults and Rs.15 for children. A free to increase the number and environmental des- make their own choices shuttle will be available from Victoria of female smokers. Their truction. The worst part but ‘we can make it difficult station to the fair venue. strategy has not changed: of it is not even the lives for them to smoke with the exploiting ideas of inde- lost: it is the impact it has hope that it might act as an pendence, power, em- left on impressionable incentive to avoid the habit.’ Rainbow Parade ancipation and slimness. African and Asian youths The present minister The Collectif Arc-en-Ciel is continuing Elegant posters and sty- and which it is trying to of health’s plans are no its activities in line with the Internatio- lish gift packs pander leave on their women. less elegantly expressed, nal Day Against Homophobia. The to women. It has managed to hook ‘kan zot ti decide pou boy- fourth edition of the Gay & Les- The low rate of female millions of them into a cott nou, pa ti ena narien. bian Film Festival will be on until smokers which stands at life-long addiction. Add Aster ki zot pe vinn dire,’ Friday 4th June, and on Satur- 12% is hardly comforting to this the health burden she said to a Radio One day 5th June, the fi fth Rainbow as research has shown which is already crippling journalist. I suppose that Parade will be held in Rose-Hill. that this is changing fast many African and Asian this reassures us that The parade is a way of raising awa- and that this number will countries and admire the fight continues…not reness and promoting tolerance and respect for those who have triple over the next gene- the landscape! against tobacco, though! chosen a different sexual orientation. The march will start at the Plaza ration. 80% of women who Tobacco companies at 11.00 and will proceed to the Rose- Hill roundabout (Place Margéot) will take up smoking live are tightening their grip Touria PRAYAG and back. Collectif Arc-en-Ciel will also be organising a Pride Party on Saturday 5th June at 22.00, at the Indigo Club, Quatre Bornes.

ILLUSTRATIONS : Stephane BENOIT p. 31 QUICKREAD Insert N° 3 • Friday 4 June 2010 l’express PHOTO OF THE WEEK

LALIT protests in front of U.S embassy yesterday. Their slogans were: STOP THE GAZA BLOCKADE, ‘NO’ TO U.S SUPPORT FOR ISRAEL, ISRAEL MUST BE ISOLATED and FREE GAZA.

Well said ] Silence is golden] Father Henri Souchon about the press boycott: “Don’t be Maya Hanoomanjee: “No, passive citizens. You should act. I will not talk to Radio One. Freedom has no price. If need When you boycotted us, you be, I will go on strike, as I did in thought nothing of it. Now you the past. Freedom of the press is are moaning!” vital in a democracy…’’ Jean-Luc EMILE The International Scene]

By Nad SIVARAMEN International condemnation of Israel’s actions

The world has been shocked by the killings of nine off the Gaza coast? There is nothing to explain, certainly not pro-Palestinian activists by Israeli naval commandos off to a world that will never buy the web of explanations, lies and the Gaza coast this week. Many governments, especially tactics. Only in Israel do people still accept these tainted goods. across the Middle East, have immediately accused Israel Reminiscent of a pre-battle ritual from ancient times, the chorus of behaving like an “outlaw state”, and engaging “in acts of cheered without asking questions…”, writes Gideon Levy, on piracy and banditry on the high seas.” popular website Haaretz.com. Major Pakistani newspapers The incident is now calling for international attention on detailed the traditional anger and hatred among the Pakis- the three-year-long blockade of Gaza by Israel and Egypt. tani public for Israel, a country with which Pakistan has no On several occasions, Israel has come under intensive in- diplomatic relations. Hence, The News, in its editorial Under ternational pressure, including from the United States, to a dark fl ag stated that “this monstrous outrage has caught the ease the blockade so as to allow a greater fl ow of goods into world’s attention and once again put the spotlight on the activities Gaza. Even Ban Ki Moon said on Tuesday that “Had the Is- of a state that has been a law unto itself for most of its life.” raeli Government heeded international calls and my own strong To resolve the crisis, many advocacy groups insist that and urgent and persistent call to lift the blockade of Gaza, this Israel should make a “clear and formal apology,” accept an would not have happened”. independent investigation, return the bodies of all dead pas- In an interesting debate, featured in this week’s Protests against Israel’s actions continue around the world. sengers and lift what he called the “siege of Gaza.” If these Washington Post, two perspectives of the Gaza confl ict are demands are not quickly met, they ask for action against confronted. On one side, Anthony D’Amato, a professor Instead they chose to sail into the teeth of an internationally re- Israel from the U.N. Security Council. The government of of international law at Northwestern University School of cognized blockade. (…) Anything that Israel does would create Turkey wants to raise this issue in NATO. Law, believes the Israeli raid was clearly illegal: “That’s what an international outcry. This entire effort was intended to create The White House takes a more cautious posi- freedom of the seas is all about. This is very clear, for a change. an international outcry.” tion on the raid, standing by a U.N. Security Council I know a lot of prominent Israeli attorneys and I’d be fl abber- From the Israeli perspective, the raid was clearly within statement condemning “acts which resulted in the gasted if any of them disagreed with me on this,” he said. But its rights to stop the aid fl otilla: “any state has the right to loss of at least ten civilians and many wounded,” wi- many others see it from a different angle, including Allen blockade another state in the midst of an armed confl ict. Inter- thout specifying who was responsible for those acts. Weiner, professor at Stanford: “The Israeli blockade against national law is very clear on this issue”, stated the spokesman The recent raid has put the peace process in an im- Gaza is not itself illegal, and it’s okay for Israeli ships to operate for Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu. passe. What is at stake is the struggle to revive the in international waters to enforce it (…) Israel has a legal obli- But for the Arab world, this statement can only add oil long-stalled Israel-Palestinian peace talks, a diffi cult gation to allow humanitarian goods into Gaza and to exercise to the fi re: “The Israelis want to maintain the ineffective, illegal task at the best of times and a seemingly impossible proportionality in the use of force. They were offered alternatives. and unethical siege on Gaza and not let the “peace fl otilla” dock one for the time being… l’express [ Friday 4 June 2010 • Insert N°3 ISSUES] p. 32 CAPITAL PUNISHMENT Left Field] By Nicholas RAINER A conver sation about death Mauritius, Inc

Live each day like it’s the last. Never take any- thing from the bad guys. Do at least one thing that scares you every day. It’s not advisable to repair a roof on a windy day (even if it scares you). Where would we be without the countless all-embracing platitudes that give our existences some semblance of order and purpose? Given the impossibility of supporting these claims with empirical evidence (who would be heartless enough to saw a duck’s leg off just to check if it swims in circles?), the ques- tion is moot. Yet if there’s one piece of insight that seems to be gaining ground is that modern politi- cal leaders need to be more like CEOs and less like, ahem, politicians. To kill or not to This is not to say that a country is like a com- pany; simply that successful leaders, be it in business kill? To Robin or politics, usually share similar qualities. To begin Mardemootoo, a with, they are expected to lead by example. Em- well-known ployees appreciate it when their boss is the first to solicitor, it’s come in to the office in the morning and the last to leave in the evening. Similarly, when a Prime mi- obviously the latter. nister tells the population that it will have to tighten He calmly and its belt, the latter would like to see him tightening clinically his too. exposes the death Before embarking further on this analogy, howe- ver, it’d perhaps be best to ascertain what it is penalty’s myriad exactly that makes a good CEO. According to Mark fl aws. Goulston, an emotional intelligence expert, the CEO of the 21st century should possess four attributes: “the judgment to know the right thing to do; the integrity to do it; the character to stand up to those who don’t; and the courage to stop those who won’t”. Usually, knowing “the right thing to do” is the easy part. Going through with it is another matter entirely. Take a broad range of issues - party financing, elec- toral reform, the rise of socio-cultural organizations, gambling, drug trafficking, corruption, nepotism, pollution, etc. In principle, most people broadly agree on the way forward with regards to each of them. Yet, as a nation, we’ve been patently unable to address any of them in a meaningful way. Why is that? Perhaps it’s simply due to our leadership lac- king in the aforementioned qualities. Obviously, there are also certain highly divisive issues, such as abortion, that will always polarize opinion. And that’s where the greater good comes t was probably the most cates have naturally taken ex- into play. Do you prefer saving young ladies from salient electoral promise ception to the possible return getting butchered in dark alleys or keeping religious or, as some saw it, threat. of a practice they scathingly leaders sweet? Once again, it’s a choice that requires IIndeed, the prospect call “institutionalized murder.” a set of qualities inherent in great leaders. And it’s of reintroducing capital pu- Given the highly emotional na- precisely in that department that our political lea- nishment for certain types of ture of capital punishment, we ders come up short time and time again. crimes, such as drug traffi c- spoke to Robin Mardemootoo, king, polarized public opinion managing partner of Marde- That’s a pity for them as well as us. For, as Mark for several weeks before even- mootoo Solicitors, the largest Goulston notes, the rewards of doing the right things tually dying down. Yet, this fi rm of solicitors in Mauritius are plentiful. “If you consistently practice and deve- hugely controversial subject and co-founder of the Speak lop these qualities in your professional and personal will soon be back in the lime- Human Rights Initiative, the life, you will accrue an additional benefit beyond light. Having won the elec- fi rst global pro-bono provider getting the best out of your peers and colleagues, as tions, the Alliance de l’Avenir of human rights legal services well as your family. You will develop wisdom. With will now be expected to make (see inset), in order to cast a that you will be able to distinguish what’s impor- good on its commitment. The dispassionate light on an issue tant in life, what’s worth fighting for -- even dying Robin Mardemootoo Presidential address, which is that is sure to cause a big stir in for -- and what makes up a life that’s worth living.” barely a few days away, will the coming weeks, months and, I’m not sure about that. What I do know, however, give a very clear indication of possibly, years. is that we’re just lucky Mauritius isn’t a company. the course of action the newly To begin with, Robin Mar- elected administration intends demootoo insists that opposing to pursue. The stakes, it’s safe capital punishment doesn’t to say, are exceptionally high. mean being soft on crime. “It Many human rights advo- is vital to grasp the fact that p. 33 [ISSUES Insert N° 3• Friday 4 June 2010 l’express A conver sation about death

studies, supporters of the death that reintroducing will lead to penalty continue to claim that “an increase in plea bargainings” “even if there is a ‘signifi cant pos- meaning that many cases won’t sibility’ that it does in effect save even go to trial. Robin Mar- Speak Human a larger number of lives then it is demootoo also dismisses the not only permissible, but, accor- popular argument that capital Rights Initiative: ding to some, morally obligatory. punishment will save the tax- giving a voice to Therefore, in their view capital payers’ money by getting rid of punishment is a necessary evil”. criminals who would otherwise those who have So basically, they believe spend decades living it large in that the possibility, however penal institutions. “The death none. distant, that capital punish- penalty is costly!”, he exclaims. In an age when lawyers ment could prevent certain He cites the examples of New are more associated with crimes from being committed York and New Jersey that have greed and graft than de- outweighs the practice’s deep stopped enforcing the death fending the downtrod- moral ramifi cations and any penalty simply because it’s den, the Speak Human risks of judicial error. Such too expensive. Rights Initiative is a rare arguments go a long way in “The cost issue in capital bird indeed. As the fi rst illustrating the fractiousness cases includes everything: the global provider of pro- of the issue. Some people fi nd investigation, the prosecution, bono legal services, this the death penalty abhorrent in the defence, the trial, the appeal, organization seeks to any context. Others however, the confi nement of the inmate, give a voice to the count- feel that it’s justifi ed, even on maintaining the death row and less victims of human the strength of rather fl imsy ultimately the execution. The rights violations, be they evidence, or “life-life tradeoffs” costs are high, the stakes are indigenous peoples, wo- as they are also called. higher! Lives are at stake! So men, children, refugees In turn, such stances only why are we even contemplating or HIV/AIDS patients, serve to entrench anti-capi- it?”, he asks before remarking who have been ignored, tal punishment advocates in that death sentences are in fact forgotten or rejected by their position. “The ‘lesser-evil’ relatively rare occurrences. In the legal systems of their argument is pervaded with loo- other words, it’s an expensive countries. pholes and only reaffi rms the process where the outcome is Bringing together Si- conviction that the imposition of far from guaranteed. vakumaren Mardemoo- the death penalty is inherently Perhaps the most powerful too (Mauritius), Priscilla wrong, irrespective of relentless case against capital punish- Balgobin-Bhoyrul (Mau- endeavours to highlight the fact ment however is that it entails ritius), Ali Beydoun (US), that more lives are being saved violating the rights of other Sarah Melikian (US), than executed”, explains Robin human beings. “Adherence to Erin Louise Palmer (US), Mardemootoo. He puts the international human rights is Kate Alexandra Holland death-penalty-as-a-deterrent not solely circumscribed to sim- (South Africa) and Pooja argument to bed by saying ply fulfi lling one’s obligations, Bissoonauthsing (Mauri- that the claim that it “prevents but to understand and respect tius), Speak aims, among the potential commission of fu- the inescapable fact that we are other things, to promote ture crimes as a counter-argu- all born human irrespective of the international human ment to the claim that it erodes bestial acts some indulge in and rights law, provide le- fundamental human rights is human rights inherent”, says gal assistance to those not cogent, precisely owing to the the solicitor. seeking the protection inevitable disregard of the retri- He concludes by savaging of international law and butive reason”. the argument that the death advise alleged victims of He goes on to quotes US penalty ensures that victims international law. both opponents and proponents Justice Blackmum who averred are not denied justice. “At the Apparently, the idea of the death penalty want to that “the death penalty remains heart of every healthy legal sys- behind the creation ensure that acts of serious gra- fraught with arbitrariness, discri- tem, a balance must be struck, the of this organization is vity are condemned and seve- mination, caprice and mistake”. rights of the victims and defen- credited to the “legen- rely punished. Consequently, not Such observations are unlikely dants must both be upheld wi- dary” Michael E. Tigar, only the Prime minister but all to deter those who fi rmly insist thout prejudice to either and the an attorney and former citizens, including me, would ob- that the death penalty more death penalty will not provide University of Texas law viously like to live in a crime-free “The death than balances the great ledger the required checks and balances. professor, who “motiva- society. However, let’s be realistic of life. So be it. But the onus It’s inherently wrong. It’s not the ted his students to the and agree that regardless of the penalty should be on them to prove only option so why not make do extent that, years after means adopted to combat the that the imposition of the death without it?” graduating and after high rate of criminality in Mau- remains penalty is “unquestionably cru- By addressing most of the their own experiences ritius, the implementation or cial to prevent more crimes”. arguments usually brought out as lawyers, they have, non-implementation of the death fraught with Yet government has been pa- in favour of capital punish- together with their own penalty, will not completely era- tently unable or unwilling to ment, Robin Mardemootoo teams, joined together dicate crimes of serious gravity.” consider such niceties. Nor has raised some very serious from opposite sides of the Next on the solicitor’s list arbitrariness, has it told the population that doubts about its implications world (namely Washing- of misleading impressions that it shows a “quasi-disregard for and, especially, usefulness. ton DC and Mauritius) to need to be dispelled: the use of discrimina- our obligations under the Inter- Government would be well realize his idea to conti- statistics to justify capital pu- national Covenant on Civil and advised to think long and hard nue the fi ght for justice nishment. He asserts that the tion, caprice Political Rights”. about them in the coming days. around the world.” accuracy of such fi gures can- A potentially more convin- For more information: not be “vouchsafed”. Yet despite cing argument for the new ad- www.speakhumanrights.org the inconclusiveness of such and mistake” ministration is the possibility Nicholas RAINER l’express [ Friday 4 June 2010 • Insert N° 3 INTERVIEW] p. 34 INTERVIEW WITH Véronique Le Clézio President of Association Visa ● Véronique, your name in Mauri- and what is worse, they are insidious. Fortu- king in the West and because there are no ployees in good health have less absenteeism, tius has become synonymous with anti- nately, Mauritius has banned the Corporate proper laws in most African countries to their productivity is enhanced and the work- tobacco lobbying.What is your feeling Social Responsibility of the tobacco industry protect the population from the tobacco epi- place is safer regarding toxic environmental today (Monday) on World No Tobacco that was used for public relations and to dis- demic. Recruiting new smokers from poor tobacco smoke and fi re risks! Day? guise the real nature of its lethal business. countries is essential for the tobacco industry That is fl attering! Indeed, I feel great so- to replace its 5 million most faithful ‘clients’ ● Are nicotine patches of any help? lidarity with all those who are committed to ● Did that sound the knell for the that die from its addictive, debilitating and The chances of quitting successfully are bringing a better quality of life to all through lobbies? lethal products every year. doubled by chemical help…but the relapse their fi ght for a tobacco free world. Not exactly. The tobacco industry still occurs more rapidly than if the smoker has sends delegations to ministries that are even ● Children are of course not just an had psychological help and follow-up as well. ● Would you say that this country seen in the corridors of the ministry of health! easy target but a long-term one too. has made progress in its fi ght against It has apparently intervened to weaken the Yes, if you consider that more than ● What should we do that we have tobacco smoking? law or create loopholes that it uses to its ad- 90% of smokers started smoking before not done yet to reduce people’s depen- Mauritius is now referred to as an vantage, like the provision for a ban on elec- the age of 20. dence on nicotine? example for successful tobacco control in tronic cigarettes and fl avoured cigarettes. I would just go a little further and put the region and in the world. The tobacco These provisions were removed overnight ● So, how are the tobacco compa- the question differently: what should we regulations of the Public Health Act were from the already approved draft before it nies reaching out to women? do or what have we not done yet to stop amended in 2008 to protect the health of was presented to parliament! Smoking was considered until recently the tobacco industry that manufactures a the population from tobacco smoke by in- as a manly attribute. The tobacco industry drug delivery device with nicotine to hook troducing strong measures like smoke free ● This year, the emphasis is on pro- promoted cigarettes among women as a people purely for the sake of profi t? Nico- public places and workplaces, as well as gory tecting women, doesn’t it? ‘liberation’ symbol. And many women fell tine being six times more addictive than graphic health warnings on cigarette packs. Yes, understandably. Women and chil- into that trap through direct advertising that cocaine or heroin, it is a real challenge to dren in Africa are targeted by the tobacco featured women smoking as glamorous and quit smoking but as many people have ● Are you satisfi ed that that is industry as there is a serious decline in smo- through the indirect advertising of actresses already succeeded, there is still hope! There enough? of Hollywood and Bollywood who are most is the ‘Plan de Cinq Jours’ which is a form Well, there is still much work to do to often paid to smoke in fi lms. Unfortunately, of group therapy (Norman Latchman: close some loopholes in the law and for its women are generally much more at risk than 6866682). The ministry of health offers a implementation such as the sale of single The tobacco men regarding alcohol, drugs and tobacco as quit service at Odette Leal Health Centre stick cigarettes that is still in breach of the law. they are physically more vulnerable to these in Beau- Bassin: tel 4647128. I have been industry products. sending people there and the service has ● So would you say then that there done wonders for many. is a genuine will to fi ght this scourge? promoted ● We have heard this week about I think that the Ministry of Health has magical electronic cigarettes which, it ● Are you satisfi ed then with the a genuine will to fi ght the tobacco epidemic cigarettes among is being claimed, have helped scores of role you have personally played in the but the Ministry of Finance still has to be people give up smoking. How exactly fi ght against tobacco? convinced that it could fi nd a better way of women as a do they work? I have done my utmost during these last getting money by raising the tax on cigarettes Electronic cigarettes do not present any 12 years. The successes in tobacco control in and that it should also fi ght the tobacco in- ‘liberation’ symbol. guarantee of safety. It is just a dummy used Mauritius are attributable to the close work of dustry as the World Bank recommends to circumvent the law. The government will the NGO ViSa with the Ministry of Health. in its report “Curbing the Epidemic”. have to address that issue as soon as possible However, there is still much work ahead for The ministries of women and as a precautionary principle. the implementation of the law. I received the children, youth and sports, so- special award of recognition from the Direc- cial security and the ministry ● I thought it was a new invention tor General of the World Health Organisa- of education, among others, the world has not heard about yet? tion, Margaret Chan, on the occasion of the should also add tobacco Electronic cigarettes were launched a World No Tobacco Day 2010 for my dedi- control to their agenda as a few years ago but in 2009, the US Food and cated work in the fi ght against tobacco. This priority issue. Drug Administration warned on the po- is a great honour for me and for my country. tential health risks posed by the use of this ● How has Mau- product, both to the user and to the people ● Congratulations! It is a great ho- ritius responded to around them. nour for us too, but your critics might these anti-tobacco say that you owe it to your extremist laws? ● But have they helped achieve any views on the issue. It seems that the results in other countries? Such criticisms can only come from Mauritian population Some manufacturers claim e-cigarettes smokers or from the tobacco industry re- was informed at the right can help smokers to quit or cut down on presentatives who feel threatened by tobacco time that the new legal smoking but there is no evidence to sug- control. But in fact, I never criticize smokers measures concerning to- gest these devices will help people to because I have experienced what it is to be bacco were meant to protect quit smoking. Even more troubling, trapped in the nicotine addiction. Smokers it and not to harass it! the e-cigarettes come in a variety are not to be blamed but to be given help of fl avors including chocolate and with quitting if they wish to. They are just ● What about the tobacco strawberry, likely to hook kids and the victims of their addiction that benefi ts lobbies? other fi rst-time users into trying the tobacco industry. The mission of ViSa The tobacco lob- the product. is to give the right information on smoking bies are strong and on the tobacco industry that puts profi ts ● How do you react above health. And as far as informing people to companies offering is concerned, there is never any excess of services to help people information. There can never be any extre- quit smoking? mism. I will not allow death companies to live Companies have on ignorance! a great interest in hel- ping their employees Interview by to quit smoking. Em- Touria PRAYAG PHOTOS : TONY FINE power (…)since 2000. And, to thelossinpurchasing recovering increaseof35% aimsat a salary ofourdemand concerning part amountto20%.groups “Thus, not compensated forboth the tradeunions, theaverage stood at 60,9%. Hence, argue period, thecumulated infl at Rs7336. thesame During For labourers, thewages peaked by 39,48%, reachingRs8111. increased basic pay forartisans of purchasingpo a. To recouptheloss workers.and agricultural tonon-agricultural be granted increaseof35%should salary put forward five reasonswhy a oftheSugarArtisans Industry kers Union sans, andGeneralArtisans Wor- Organisation del’Unitédes Arti- Labourers’Sugar Industry Union, May, thetradeunions, namely to theCommissionon26th search document, handedover (MSPA). Inatwelve-page re- tius Sugar Producers’ Association between unionsandtheMauri- prevailing inthesugar sector ternoon, onthewages dispute submitting hisreport, thisaf- Ved Prakash Torul, would be Mediation Commission for Conciliation and Library Photo p. 35[ of the ofthe The chairperson From 2000to2009, the Trade unions, 5 reasons for a unions, 5 reasons for a 35% pay rise in the sugar sectorpay rise in the sugar sector Union of the and theUnionof (CCM), Professor BUSINESS wer ation ation , ensure thisequilibrium”. lective bargaining processisto tributed. Indeed, theaim ofcol- proportionally sharedanddis- the CCM. (…) Wealth shouldbe to in thelabourdisputereported crease inourmemorandum and in- claimed a40-45%salary why the unionshave always as itwas in2000. (…) This is have beenat least twiceasmuch should of labourersandartisans from thesefacts: thebasicsalaries revenue ofRs800480perhead. as 40,27tonnesofsugaranda 227. Output ishencecomputed in 2008, the labourforcewas 11 retirement schemesinthesector, Following successive voluntary ted foreachwas Rs236615,14. gar, andthat therevenue genera- output ofRs17,95tonnessu- that eachworker averaged an in2000.industry They conclude there was 31700workersinthe 2008, tradeunionspointoutthat Digest ofStatistics Agricultural Central Statistics Offi ce andthe labour force tothe nue tobetransferred states thedocument. the Public Arbitration Tribunal,” increasewas granteda salary by of 2000, when thelastpayment of therealbasicwage bring toitslevel b. For shareinreve- afair “A logicalimplication drawn Quoting fi gures fromthe

constantly modernized. Inso gar productiontoolshasbeen in comparison to other working tootherworking in comparison more, thetradeunion adds that since thelasttenyears” norcompensatedbeen valorized for, improvement ofskillshave neither unions deplore, “thisconstant velopment. However, thetrade skillsde- has undergonefurther labour doing, thesugarindustry labour agricultural d. For are-valorisation of of thesugar companies”. staff weigh heavily ontheexpenses and indirectexaggerated benefi Thus, wage billandotherdirect has infact increasedinrealterms. relation andlabourers toartisans 8:1. (…) ofstaffin The proportion This amountstoadifferential of getartisans theremaining50%. bill, while some5500labourers/ ment areallocated 50%ofthewage where “707membersofmanage- National Remuneration Bureau forward “latest fi argument, thedocumentput manual workers. Sustainingtheir sugar companiesandthoseto allocated tothemanagementof the gapbetween thebenefi increaseisalsotonarrow lary fact that theaimof35%sa- and labourers/artisans c. between Disparity offi The transformationinsu- The tradeunionsstressthe Insert N°3•Friday 4June2010 from the gures”fromthe . Further- ts to ce ce ts ts to use only the basic monthly salary…” monthly pay. workerrage ofRs22087 whilst ison aRs13038 theagricultural a91,6%increasetheyreveal,egistered representingamonthlyave- 2009, now averaging Rs16887amonth. A canecutter’s yearly wages r worker),agricultural hasgota65,9%increaseinhiswages from2000to According tofigures sentbytheMSPA, (non- outthat an artisan itturn remuneration withinfl – andthisfigure constitutestheproper basisifonewants tocompare which adduptomakehisexact remuneration –histake-homepay above hisbasicsalary, theworker isalsoentitledtovariousbonuses tothebasicmonthly salary.calculations cannotberestricted tius SugarProducers’ Association (MSPA) that wage stressesthefact commentssenttothe commissionlastweek,In itswritten theMauri- Sugar Producers: “Inappropriate as proposed by the unions aims as proposedbytheunionsaims that adividendofRs1,42 Sugar Producers’ Association, the requestofMauritius ned, compiledat inareport ficountancy BDOmentio- rm e. Dividendsv/ssalaries the unionsindocument. other sectorsoftheeconomy,” inrelation to sening thedisparity skills ofthesugar workers andles- at recognizingthe andvalorizing behind. labour forcehasalsolagged sectors, thevalue ofthesugar Labourersandartisansareentitledtoashareofdividends. For cropyear 2008, ac- increase “Thus a35%salary ation rates”. states states Kamlesh of thesedividends. areentitledtoashare artisans and conclude that labourers trade unionsask. Hence, they mis-management offunds?” kers shouldertheburden ofsuch sugar companies. Shouldwor- not yieldrevenues for themain companiesanddid subsidiary toloansandadvances toferred 4,45 billionhave beentrans- stress thefactthat “someRs Moreover, thetradeunions ofsugarcompanies.reholders billion hadbeenpaidtosha- BHUCKORY l’express “Over and “Over and

l’express [ Friday 4 June 2010 • Insert N° 3 [COVERSTORY ] p. 36 Freedom of the press: dangerous erosion of ri Krishna PATHER

Raj Meetarbhan, representing La Sentinelle, affi rming an affi davit in support of an application for an injunction.

hen the vice- has access to information or Navin Ramgoolam and Paul The right of access has been Prime minister sources of information. Bérenger, took steps to hide the eaten away, little by little by re- and minister of So much so that many from the Mauritian public the gulations and legislation. Entry Wfi nance barred countries, such as India, have la- way they operate and they way to Government House has been journalists of La Sentinelle tely introduced new legislations their friends nominated in dif- severely regulated, we have had group from a press conference to strengthen and guarantee this ferent parastatal bodies operate. the Offi cial Secret Act, legisla- he was holding, he fl outed a right of access to the press. This is tantamount to hiding tion on what the state calls “dis- sacrosanct principle which is Pravind Jugnauth, in fact, squandering of public funds, semination of false news” and the the right of access of journa- went against the general world- bad governance, malpractices setting up of restricted areas. lists to information. wide trend concerning freedom and corrupt practices from the The latest boycott action Looking at countries of the press and right of access same people who have given by the present government around us, the American press of journalist to information. them authority to govern. against La Sentinelle has trig- heavily relies on this right of More than 50 countries have Gone are the days when gered reactions from trade access which is enshrined in already written these rights journalists could enter Govern- unions and NGOs. Reactions the First Amendment of their into law in one form or ano- ment House freely and without may also come from foreign constitution. Though this right ther (See insert.) and over 140 hindrance, meet and talk to top governments, especially from of access is not explicitly given more countries committed to civil servants as well as minis- the United States, which has to the press in a written consti- implementing it into their legis- ters. Those were the days when recently voted a new piece of tution, specialist agree with the lation within the next few years. it was much easy for journalists legislation to monitor actions American supreme court which Mauritius has not only lagged to know what the government against the press around the ruled in the Branzburg v. Hayes behind, but the freedom of the of the day was up to. world. L’express Weekly takes case, (1972) that the right to local press – mainly the right Of course, the press rights here a look at the different legis- free press “could be eviscerated” of access to information – has to gain access to government’s lation enacted around the world if there were no corollary right been gradually eaten away by information and to analyse and by democratic states to protect to gather news. different Prime ministers. criticize what is learned are in- the freedom of the press, mainly Freedom of the press is in In fact, since the 80s, dif- terdependent. It is not possible the right of access. fact today mainly measured by ferent governments in Mauri- to criticize properly what one the extent to which the press tius, under Anerood Jugnauth, doesn’t know with accuracy. Raj JUGERNAUTH p. 37 [COVERSTORY Insert N° 3 • Friday 4 June 2010 l’express

High-Heeled] By Deepa BHOOKHUN ight of access Rs 3.20 Can I have your attention for a moment Legislation around the world please? I’m sorry to be so abrupt but this is very important: The State Trading Corporation Different countries have different pieces of legislation (STC) thought the country would need more to guarantee freedom of the press and the right of ■ Sweden than its monthly consumption of petrol during access to information. The South African law, voted the electoral campaign. So they decided to order in 2000, is one of the most interesting ones in that it In Sweden, the Freedom of the Press Act grants pu- an additional cargo of petrol. It so happens that guarantees the right of access of journalists not only blic access to government documents. It is an integral petrol consumption wasn’t as high as Director to government held information, but also to that held part of the Swedish Constitution and the fi rst ever Ranjit Soomaroah thought it would be. by the private sector and private bodies and NGOs. piece of freedom of information legislation in the Because of this miscalculation, you and I will The direct result of legislation promoting or furthe- modern sense. The principle of Public Access means have to pay an extra Rs 3.20 for every litre of ring the freedom of the press was seen in India after that the general public is to be guaranteed an unim- petrol. How nice. the case of the Right to Information Act (RTI Act) peded view of activities pursued by the government I am being made to understand that Mr Soo- some four years ago. It enabled the Indian press to and local authorities; all documents handled by the maroah’s misjudged anticipation is not the only uncover high profi le cases of corruption in the Indian authorities are public, unless legislation explicitly reason we’ll have to pay more for petrol; it’s the Public Distribution Systems (ration stores), disaster and specifi cally states otherwise, and even then each price of the dollar that is once again to be blamed relief, public infrastructure etc. request for potentially sensitive information must be for rising prices. Hard to argue with that one. Some countries, such as Sweden, not only gua- handled individually, and a refusal is subject to appeal. rantee freedom of access to information, but also Furthermore, the constitution grants the Right to In- What I’d like to know however is the price of prevent any investigation or prosecution against form, meaning that most types of secret information the dollar when the STC bought that cargo of those who give «secret information» to the press. may be passed on to the press or other media without petrol. I really am not concerned with the tech- Swedish journalists do not have to bother about risk of criminal charges. Instead, investigation of the nicalities that Mr Soomaroah is trying to blind protection of their sources or whistle blowers, informer’s identity is a criminal offense. us with. You know, when the extra cargo arri- a rare case in the world. See details of these ved on the 28th of April, it was sold at the same laws below. price that was prevailing at that time and then ■ The United Kingdom because the price of petrol went down on the 7th ■ India The United Kingdom guarantees right of May (presumably to thank the electorate for of access through the Freedom of their wise voting, losses were incurred by the The Indian Right to Information Act was passed by Information Act 2000, which stipulates, in Part I, un- STC and blah blah.) the Indian Parliament on 15 June 2005 and came der the «general right of access to information held What concerns me on the other hand is the into effect on 12 October 2005. The act itself followed by public authorities» that : fact that because of the error in judgment of the several Judgments of the Indian Supreme Court (1) Any person making a request for information to a STC, I will have to pay more for petrol. Some of which interpreted the Indian Constitution to read public authority is entitled- my colleagues tell me my reasoning is flawed- Right to Information as the Fundamental Right as (a) to be informed in writing by the public authority that the rise in the price of petrol has nothing to embodied in Right to Freedom of Speech and Ex- whether it holds information of the description spe- do with the extra cargo of petrol but more to do pression and also in Right to Life. The RTI Act laid cifi ed in the request, and with the fluctuations of the dollar. down a procedure to guarantee this right. All Govern- (b) if that is the case, to have that information com- They may be right; I am certainly no autho- ment Bodies or Government funded agencies have to municated to him. rity on those matters and that’s why I end up designate a Public Information Offi cer (PIO) under getting ripped off all the time. the RTI. The PIO’s responsibility is to ensure that in- But then why did Mr Soomaroah feel the formation requested is disclosed to the petitioner wi- ■ United States need to explain that he ordered an extra cargo thin 30 days or within 48 hours in case of information The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) represents of petrol because he thought it would be needed concerning the life or liberty of a person. the implementation of freedom of information legis- but that in the end it wasn’t? It is undeniable lation in the United States. It was signed into law by that the extra cargo wasn’t needed. It arrived President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1966. This act allows ■ South Africa on the 28th of April. Parliament was dissolved for the full or partial disclosure of previously unre- on the 31st of March and elections were held on South Africa passed the Promotion of Access to In- leased information and documents controlled by the the 5th of May. formation Act in 2000. It is intended «To give effect to United States Government. The Act defi nes agency the constitutional right of access to any information records subject to disclosure, outlines mandatory dis- If the STC really thought the country nee- held by the State and any information that is held by closure procedures and grants nine exemptions to the ded an extra cargo of petrol during the electoral another person and that is required for the exercise statute. Exemptions concern, amongst other things, campaign, then how come it only arrived on the or protection of any rights». national defense, investigatory records where the 28th of April, a few days before the elections and This means that journalists and the public at large information would harm the proceedings, or infor- nearly a month into the electoral campaign? have a right of access to privately held information. mation which would lead to fi nancial speculation or One could argue that the process of ordering Most freedom of information laws around the world endanger the stability of any fi nancial institution. But and shipping takes time. Nobody knows this bet- only cover governmental bodies or agencies as they the American press mostly seek for a larger access to ter than the STC. Then why if they knew it would are called in the United States. information by invoking the First amendment to the take that long did they still order it? My argu- The South-African law on freedom of access to infor- American constitution. ments might not make sense to the experts and mation is enforced by the it would be no wonder seeing that I am merely South African Human Rights Commission a layperson. R.J (SAHRC). All the more reason for them to come and ex- plain why we should all dig into our threadbare pockets to help the STC make up for the losses Erratum it incurs regularly due to mismanagement. In last week’s Cover Story entitled World Cup Fever Spreads, written by Touria Prayag and Azmaal Hydoo, we mistakenly printed that Mr. Frédéric Lambert would be traveling to South Africa for the World Cup. The correct name is Frédéric Baya. We apologise to Mr. Baya and to our readers. l’express [ Friday 4 June 2010 • Insert N° 3 THIS IS MAURITIUS p. 38 Mirrored in the pages of a book

Books are refl ections of our world and can entertain, educate and transmit important messages. Do people still take time to stop and examine this refl ection? And what about those writers who put pen to paper to describe the world around them? A look at the local scene puts things into perspective.

People browsing through books at Editions Le Printemps, Vacoas.

ow many of us rain, Senior Lecturer in awaken the curiosity of children still appreciate the English at the University from an early age. During a trip joy of curling up of Mauritius believes that to Australian, I was fortunate to Hwith a good book? people are interested in rea- see a project that involved advi- The love of the printed word ding but this interest is not sing expectant mothers to read is not something that comes properly supported. She to their unborn children, as it is naturally to everyone. Yves attributes the problems to believed that a baby is already Chan Kam Lon, the director a lack of knowledge on the sensitive to what he hears.” of the National Library insists part of parents and teachers. Bhautoo-Dewnarain wishes that the love of “It is necessary to establish a that language teaching in schools reading must list of suitable reading for va- would make provision for in-class be taught to rious age groups- from primary silent reading and post-reading children from through to secondary, tertiary discussions about what she calls an early age. and beyond. You can’t blame “real books- not school textbooks.” “Children are young people for not reading She explains that while children not taught to read when nobody tells them what may initially be reluctant to en- and research. The to read beyond Charmed and gage in reading activities, they system is the same Twilight. Children’s literature can easily change their minds. from pre-primary and adolescent literature is “When they eventually fi nd a book schooling all the way such a huge fi eld everywhere in which grips their interest and their to tertiary education,” he the world. Why is it that these imagination, then half the battle is says. “Teachers have their books never seem to make it to won. They are set for life. Reading role to play, but parents our shores?” opens the door to knowledge but also must actively participate. The key to promoting rea- to wonder, to dream,to fantasy. We Every parent wants their ding is to support children should let children dream through child’s development, and this in discovering the magical reading.” development comes through world contained within a Chan Kam Lon also believes reading and education. There’s book. Chan Kam Lon says, that the high cost of books has no way out of that.” “The education system must made reading an activity reserved Nandini Bhautoo-Dewna- be revisited, if we are to help for the elite. He advocates the set- p. 39 THIS IS MAURITIUS Insert N° 3 • Friday 4 June 2010 l’express Mirrored in the pages of a book

ting up of libraries in villages that known Mauritian writer belie- need support to make the most Book Festivals would give more people access ves that Mauritian literature and of their talent, in terms of pu- to books, free of cost, Bhautoo- reading in general have a bright blishing but also with regard to The National Library, to- Dewnarain feels that Mauritius future in Mauritius. He regularly the actual writing process,“It gether with a wide range must stop relying on embassies delivers workshops for young is not just a question of calling of stakeholders, has an- and international organisations writers at the Institut Francais for submissions and saying you nounced a series of events to set up and run proper libra- de Maurice and says that he is encourage writers. You need a vi- to promote reading, as ries. She says, “We must invest pleased to see many people with sion of how to proceed, what kind part of World Book Day, in locally-run, up-to-date lending great talent. One of the major of writing to encourage, through which is observed on 23rd libraries which would act not only challenges however, is that it what levels to proceed, how to sus- April every year. This year as reading centres but which could can be diffi cult for writers to get tain writing potential, recommend the theme designated also host book clubs, and why not their work published in Mauri- improvement of scripts, and work by UNESCO is the Rap- writers’ workshops.” tius, although a number of well with writers’ fi rst draft to allow prochement of Cultures known Mauritian authors such them to reach that extra notch.” [The bringing together The Writing as Carl de Souza, Shenaz Patel, While there is little doubt that of cultures]. There will be Natasha Appanah and Barlen Mauritian literature exists, what two Book Festivals this Culture Pyamootoo himself have been are the characteristics of this lite- month, one at the Muni- successfully published in France. rature? Barlen Pyamootoo says cipality of Beau Bassin/ One can hardly talk about the Barlen Pyamootoo and Ro- that Mauritian literature cannot Rose Hill on 5th June, reading culture without exa- bert Furlong both agree that be defi ned, simply because it and the other at Caudan mining the emerging writing another major challenge is that contains so much variety. Cer- Waterfront, Port Louis culture. Literary critic Robert a writer needs to fi nd the time to tainly, the Mauritian story is on 26th June. The aim Furlong believes that the writing work on his art. Writing is a long anchored to its country through of these events is to pro- culture and the reading culture and challenging process and geographical references,“Souillac, mote reading by giving go hand in hand, and there is many writers are bound by pro- Mahebourg, Rose-Hill are names people access to books at clear interest in both activities. fessional responsibilities. Barlen that tell you that you are in Mauri- very reasonable prices. “Mauritians like to talk about Pyamootoo explains that a sup- tius. There are references that tell you Reading is also being themselves. They want to share their port system is needed to help that you are in a sugar cane fi eld combined with environ- specifi cities with others and litera- young emerging writers. “I take or in a typically Mauritian setting. mental issues. This year, ture is the way to say the things that the example of the Centre Natio- But each Mauritian author has his the Mauritius Horticul- you might not dare express verbally. nal du Livre in France, which sup- own style, and creates his own world tural Society is working I believe that there is a hunger for ports writers for a certain amount within Mauritius.” towards raising awareness writing as much as there is a hunger of time. There are so many talen- So are writing and reading on planting and protec- for reading,” he says. ted writers who have to juggle with set to survive? “Yes,” he says. ting trees, the main in- Mauritian literature is beco- two different lives and that can “Reading is not declining. Mauri- gredient that goes into ming increasingly visible, as local be complicated,” he says. tius is a country where education making the paper used for writers become more confi dent Furlong believes that with is a priority. Parents want to see printing books. Mauritius and are willing to share their ta- there must be a national ini- their children succeed and while will also be hosting the In- lent with the world. Chan Kam tiative to encourage writing. this often tends to be about aca- ternational Book Fair this Lon insists that “Mauritian li- “There should be an offi cial demic results, I believe there will year, from 25th to 29th terature exists, whether in Creole, body that allows writers to share be a shift from textbook reading August. Held at Ebene in French or in English. There is their knowledge and talent with to reading books that contribute Cybercity, the event will more scope for Mauritian authors others,that helps them visit schools to cultural and personal develop- bring together bookstores, today. There has long been preju- and universities so that they can ment. Books have a bright future in publishers, writers, and Library Photos dice against local products and lite- raise awareness on the reading and our country.” book lovers and will rature was no exception. But there writing culture,” he believes. include conferences, has been a change in mindsets.” Nandini Bhautoo-Dewna- talks, presentations and Barlen Pyamootoo, a well rain also believes that writers Melissa LOUIS of course book sales.

Children and adolescents must be encouraged to develop a love for reading. l’express [ Friday 4 June 2010 • Insert N°3 STRAIGHTTALK] p. 40 Betting and Gambling

Two happy winners. Thousands of broken families. How is the gambling culture affecting our lives? Our guests have been invited to examine the question from different angles.

Saturday Night Fever

Dr Navin Ramgoolam’s mes- an urgent action plan and a strict It may well be that gambling brings where kingdoms have been sage as a preamble to the electoral control of gaming houses. The much money to Government cof- lost as a result of gambling. Is manifesto of the Alliance de L’ave- present Minister of Finance Pra- fers but at what expense! it too exaggerated to say that nir on the issue of gambling is the vind Juganauth has never in the Should we content ourselves gambling, like drugs, creates same. Nothing specifi c is mentio- past been clear with regard to the with the small print on the back such a state of dependency that ned on the need to curtail the pla- MSM line of thinking vis-à-vis of the National Lottery ticket that the way out may be extremely gue. Since its launch, the national casinos and gaming houses even gambling can become addictive? diffi cult? “Saturday loto fever” has become though when dealing with the Is it not time to impose strict re- What would be the Minister’s the favourite past time of many and other policies of Dr Sithanen his gulations on the advertising cam- stand with regard to new applica- the uncontrolled zeal to gamble has usual equanimity turned fi ery. paign or even have a regulator for tions for licences to operate football taken over. Former Minister Sithanen was the advertising industry instead matches? Already the ceiling of Kishore PERTAB However, on the occasion of a total letdown on gambling and of blaming innocent people who more than 100 licensees has explo- Republic Day celebrations, the also always erroneous on the gam- fall into the trap of the adverti- ded. We know that there are more Barrister PM did state that certain gaming bling issue…It is not too late for the sing campaign? The ferocious than 481 licences that may have houses and casino licences would present incumbent to bring radical publicity people are subjected to been issued by the regulator so far. not be renewed and that there changes and rid us of the epidemic. makes them all truly believe this Our remote villages receive the would be specifi c zones away time they will win as some Tom, daily blessings of gambling houses. from residential areas where ga- Dick or Harry coming from as Dr Sithanen never deemed it fi t to ming houses and casinos will poor a background as theirs may use his powers under Section 92 of be located. have won last week …Why is it the GRA Act to redress a worse- We already heard in the past The that there seems to be fewer wo- ning situation. He chose not to use about the undertakings of the men winners until now!! Are wo- his discretion and he is the only Prime Minister to curtail the ferocious men more responsible and family one to know the reason why… al- scourge. There is no need to recall conscious and know that the loto is though through the grapevine one that Dr Sithanen had been waiting publicity nothing but a trap? Are the French may suspect rightly or wrongly for the recommendations of the wrong when they call the loto that his propinquity to the gaming High Powered Committee chaired “l’impot des cons”? house magnates may have been the by the Prime Minister to address people are The loto game is helping cause of his downfall. the situation in a “holistic” manner. widen the rich and poor divide Pravind Jugnauth may rely It is no secret that 58% of the subjected to not only by making the rich on the support of the Prime Mi- proceeds of Lottotech go into the grow richer at the expense of nister and control the scourge. Government coffers. This excludes makes them the poor but also by making The former Minister always the 15% tax the company remits to one poor person richer at the chose to hide behind legal im- the Mauritius Revenue Authority. believe this expense of all the other poor broglios, the Chairman of the Lottotech promoters estimate that people; that is taking from the GRA, the outcome of com- 58% of their proceeds will add up poor to give to the poor. mittees or court cases, instead to approximately Rs. 10 billion. time they Minister Jugnauth knows of choosing to act. The present The MMM manifesto states very well that the sacred Hin- Minister has to act NOW. Later as one of its 12 priority measures du writings depict situations may be too late. p. 41 STRAIGHTTALK ] Insert N° 3 •Friday 4 June 2010 l’express

Gambling and Poverty: two of society’s ills Gambling involves the adverse consequences on ring previous losses. Others act of playing for stakes in family life. In Cambodia, turn to the sale of drugs as the hope of winning. There which is South East Asia’s a means of making easy mo- are many forms of gambling poorest nation, gambling ney and even end up com- today ranging from state addiction is a major pro- mitting crimes. Gambling lotto to casinos, horse ra- blem, worsening the poverty also leads to prostitution as cing, sports betting, online crisis. Although some people a means for making ‘quick’ gambling and the list goes on gamble for ‘fun’ or ‘leisure’, money. Some gamblers have and on. Gambling is a very as long as this does not be- committed suicide to escape controversial issue, and some come a habit, they are not in from debt and poverty. The religions such as Christianity a high risk category. Indeed, problem is even more se- and Islam overtly condemn the social impact of gambling rious when young people, Ramola RAMTOHUL, this practice. Gambling is is often hidden from the ci- especially teenagers, get ad- Lecturer legal in Mauritius and it ex- tizens who decide to partici- dicted to gambling. Addic- tends to casino gambling, on- pate in legalized gambling. tion to gambling at a young line gambling, horse racing, But these costs show up at age negatively impacts on the national lottery and the a later stage in the shattered these young people’s edu- lotto. The legal gambling age lives of individuals and their cation, career and future. It has been set at 18. In Mauri- families. Psychologist Julian Addiction to also spoils family relations tius, crimes have occurred at Taber warns, “No one knows as young people being for- places where gambling takes the social costs of gambling gambling at ced to lie to parents to cover place. Last year, the Ti Vegas or how many players will be- expenses and money they casino sparked debate in par- come addicted...the states are a young age may have stolen and gam- liament as residents complai- experimenting with the minds bled away. The young people ned of notorious activities of the people on a massive will eventually need psycho- taking place in the vicinity scale.” Problem gambling negatively logical help to recover from of the casino. Gambling is is in fact an urge to gamble their addiction. an important source of reve- despite harmful negative impacts on Therefore, if not closely nue for the state and private consequences or even a de- monitored by authorities, stakeholders. Yet, gambling sire to stop. At this level, the these young gambling has a high risk of also involves an economic gambler gets into debt and tearing families apart by po- cost in terms of gamblers’ as debts build up, families verty, violence, divorce and debts. Gambling appears become poorer. people’s bankruptcy. In the Mauritian to be on the rise in Mauri- The debt problem and context, research is needed tius, and this trend has been ensuing poverty creates a education, to explore the extent of gam- particularly visible since the vicious circle of additional bling addiction and the po- onslaught of the Lotto which problems. Some gamblers career and pulation groups that are most draws crowds of gamblers. resort to theft to pay back affected. Gambling is a social Gambling is directly debts or to gamble again future. ill and its consequences need linked to poverty and has with the hope of recove- to be dealt with.

A people’s business

When you watch a docu- new life for them. However, I Most of our big winners mentary or read an article am also sensitive to my com- played for Rs 100 and some- about a specific topic, you pany’s philosophy and its times less. So it’s not a ques- can feel compassion for the contribution to good causes. tion of going beyond your people. You can blame your- So far, we have collected personal budget. It’s a pure self because you don’t have more than Rs 430 million question of luck. time to act on their behalf. I for the Mauritius National The arrival of the Lote- work at the Loterie Nationale Consolidated Fund. The rie Nationale has definitely as Public Affairs Manager money will help finance pro- brought changes. We are and I’m proud to indirectly jects in major sectors such now nearly 100 employees at make my little contribution as health, culture, education, Lottotech with a network of Corinne Robert to the community. In my dai- sports, the environment and 550 retailers and none of our Public Affairs Manager ly work, I meet people from women’s empowerment. In days are alike. We have the Lotterie Nationale different backgrounds and I our economy, there seem to opportunity to develop a new notice the changes that my be very few sectors where the business sector on the island company can bring to their I am social aspect is as important with leading technologies. lives when they win. I take as the business itself. And We also have the prospect their smiles with me when I at Loterie Nationale, we are of learning through the great go home and the souvenirs sensitive all conscious of this contri- experience of some of our of their happiness help me. bution, everyday; when we colleagues and receive excel- How can I forget the hap- to my come to work, we believe our lent training. For us, it’s like piness of that lady who is a role as operators is well defi- a big challenge. A journalist house cleaner? When I asked company’s ned: we collect the funds and once told me that we have her what her dreams were the government provides the one of the most wonderful when she won Rs. 500 000 at direction of the project to be jobs in the world. She was La Faya, she replied: “Until philosophy funded. absolutely right. But behind now I have been poor, I didn’t But we are not only here the curtain, there is a com- have the freedom to dream. But and its to sell games of chance. We mon effort and a real team now I can”. also promote responsible spirit. It’s not just words. Usually, when the win- contribution to playing. I can give you More than ever, our slogan ners smile, I smile. When examples based on my recent really fits this adventure: La they cry, I cry. It’s all about good causes. experience. Loterie Nationale chance pour tous. For us and pure emotion. It’s all about a has generated 19 millionaires. for the players. l’express [ Friday 4 June 2010 • Insert N°3 L’EXPRESSYOURSELF] p. 42 A second harbour : a sure impact on traffi c fl uidity First of all, it pays to make the difference between symptom and problem. When it comes to our traffi c problem, the symptom is that we are ta- king too much time to get into Port-Louis while the real problem is that too many vehicles are trying to get into Port-Louis at the same time. And here, by just constructing new roads, we are only provi- ding a solution to the symptom. For a while surely, this will help us to get into Port-Louis faster, but everywhere, it has been seen that the construction of new roads has caused the number of vehicles to shoot up, and before you can say “Jack Robin- son,” you are back to square one! Furthermore, it is very unlikely that the construction of new roads will take care of circulation and parking problems inside the city, itself. Right now, it’s very hard to circulate inside Port-Louis during offi ce hours and fi nding a parking space is a real challenge. And as for pollution, caused by fumes emitted by vehicles, it’s worsening day by day. You see, if Port-Louis is becoming hotter and hotter, this has nothing to do with El Nino or holes in the ozone layer for that matter. It is simply because all the fumes, coming from all these thousands of vehicles, rise up to form a blanket above the capital and prevent heat fi ltering in from going back to the atmosphere – thereby gi- ving rise to the well-known greenhouse effect! When it comes to providing a solution to the real problem, much has been said already, and I shall not be re-inventing the wheel if I were to state Library Photo that the most obvious way is to decentralize the Would a second harbour help ease the traffi c? Port Louis region. There are many ways to do that. Relocating work and business activities elsewhere harbour at Mahebourg. For one, this town is dia- vehicles along the under utilized Curepipe/Mahe- is certainly to be considered and a sure source of gonally away from Port Louis; furthermore, it was bourg corridor. motivation is to construct new business centres. once a port, and perhaps more important still, is Some will undoubtedly argue that it will take But we must be careful not to construct them in the fact that developing a new harbour will cost far time before we see the effect of this new harbour the vicinity of Port- Louis. If not, traffic flow to- less than building new roads and bus lanes. (A har- on our traffi c. True! We shall not see the full impact wards the capital, along the Curepipe /Port Louis bour capable of handling 50% of the island’s ship- immediately. But once commercial organizations corridor will certainly not improve. ping tonnage will cost at most 3.5 billion Mauritian take off around this new beehive of activity (the What can be done then? Well, you must surely Rupees while building new roads and a bus lane second harbour, that is), the end can never be in have noticed that traffic flow along our roads is amount to 20 billion Mauritian rupees) doubt. There will be fewer vehicles getting into Port very unevenly balanced. On one hand, we have The direct consequence of this second port is Louis, and journey time along the Curepipe-Port- roads (from Curepipe to Port Louis, for example) that it will take the strain off the Port-Louis harbour. Louis corridor will be shorter. And, of course, there which are clogged with vehicles while on others But one of its sure side-effects will be the attraction will be better circulation, more parking spaces and (like from Curepipe to Mahebourg) there is scant of a sizeable part of the traffi c bound for the capital less pollution inside the city. This solution would traffic. So… why not equilibrate traffic flow on our city - thereby equilibrating traffi c along the Port- tackle the causes rather than the symptoms! road network? Louis/Mahebourg corridor. In other words, fewer And one way to achieve this (as the Labour par- vehicles will be getting into Port-Louis during peak ty has hinted in its manifesto) is to have a second hours while, at the same time, there will be more Jean Lindsay DHOOKIT

COMMUNIQUE ] Amnesty International Mauritius

The Mauritian branch of Am- ned that the Mauritian government is The African Commission on material destruction of communications nesty International has noted with targeting a media group. The Mauri- Human and Peoples’ Rights met in facilities, undermines independent jour- concern that lately certain politicians tian State is violating its international Gambia in 2002, in the presence of nalism, freedom of expression and the have been attacking the press. While obligations in terms of respect for the Mauritian State, and adopted the free fl ow of information to the public.’ the attacks were initially verbal, in the freedom of expression and access Declaration of Principles on Freedom The Mauritian branch of Am- recent past, the premises of a private to information. of Expression in Africa, reaffi rming nesty International emphasizes that radio station were damaged. Amnesty International would like that these rights are crucial as cor- the international commitments made On Thursday 27th May 2010, to stress that freedom of expression nerstones of democracy. by the Mauritian State have been the Minister of Finance and Deputy and access to information are fun- According to section 4(1) of this undertaken in the name of the citi- Prime Minister of the Republic of damental human rights. These rights resolution, ‘Public bodies hold informa- zens of the Republic of Mauritius Mauritius denied journalists from are guaranteed by the African Charter tion not for themselves but as custodians who have the moral responsibility of La Sentinelle access to a press confe- on Human and Peoples’ Rights, the of the public good.’ respecting them. rence, which he held as Minister of International Covenant on Civil and Section 11(1) of the same reso- Finance. Political Rights, the Universal Decla- lution clearly stipulates that ‘attacks The Mauritian branch of Am- ration of Human Rights and section such as (…) intimidation of and threats Lindley COURONNE nesty International is greatly concer- 12 of the national Constitution. to media practitioners (…) as well as the Director p. 43 L’EXPRESSYOURSELF] Insert N° 3 • Friday 4 June 2010 l’express World AIDS Campaign Against the Israeli attack on humanitarian aid convoy

On Monday Morning national community to 31 May 2010 Israeli forces protect the aid mission. have attacked the interna- The convoy carries 10,000 tional aid convoy Freedom tons of supplies and hun- Flotilla en route to the be- dreds of politicians, ac- sieged Gaza Strip, killing tivists and journalists. at least 10 people and lea- The flotilla was seeking ving more than 50 injured. to break Israel’s crippling The attack came on Mon- blockade of Gaza and deli- day morning 31 May ver basic necessities to the 2010 after one of the six impoverished Palestinians ships in the convoy was in the coastal enclave. hit by Israeli navy forces The Government, All before being stormed Politicians, All Religious by commandos descen- bodies, All NGOs and ding from helicopters. all citizens of Mauritius The interception repor- should not remain silent The celebration of a gay pride. tedly took place in in- over the attack. ternational waters, more We all have to speak World AIDS Cam- and enacting laws to protect gay world for its successes in comba- than 150km (90 miles) out and condemn Israel’s paign salutes UN Secretary people against discrimination and ting poverty and hunger, not for off the coast of Gaza. piracy and murder on in- General’s intervention and hate crimes. outdated laws on homosexuality.” Israel had earlier deployed ternational waters? joins his call for Malawi to mo- While homosexuality is ille- Ban said he was upset that his vi- warships and threatened We now have the op- dernise it laws(Amsterdam, May gal in most of Africa’s 53 nations, sit had been overshadowed in the to stop the flotilla from portunity to stand up for 29th) The World AIDS Cam- including Malawi and Kenya, media by recent cases in Malawi reaching the Palestinian international law, and to paign welcomes the news that South Africa in 2006 passed le- and Uganda where “homosexuals territory where the war- join the international com- Malawi’s President Bin- gislation recognising same-sex have been persecuted and prosecuted.” ravaged residents were munity in condemning Is- gu wa Mutharika over- marriage. The sentence was also impatiently eying the ar- rael’s actions and holding turned the 14-year prison Major donors to aid-de- condemned by South Afri- rival of the aid convoy. them to account. sentences imposed on pendent Malawi had condem- can President Jacob Zuma, Israeli navy forces and he- Our moral and poli- Steven Monjeza and ned the jail sentenceas an abuse a Zulu traditionalist, in a rare re- licopters have taken over tical obligations lie with Tiwonge Chimbalanga a of human rights and warned buke of a fellow African nation. the ships in the humani- those who seek to peace- homosexual couple char- that this could affect support Homosexuality in Africa has tarian aid convoy and are fully deliver aid, not with ged with sodomy and in- for Malawi’s budget. The Uni- become a contentious issue of using force against those a country that repeatedly decency after celebrating ted States had called the decision late after a Ugandan lawma- on board, a Press TV violates international law. their engagement in a traditio- “unconscionable.” ker proposed a bill including correspondent reported. nal ceremony in last December. Addressing Malawi’s Na- the death penalty for some Israeli soldiers have also re- Yours sincerely The Campaign applauds the tional Assembly UNSG, acts, police raided a gay wedding portedly detained activists timely intervention of U.N. Ban said: “I appeal to you in Kenya, and the Malawian accompanying the convoy. Nissar RAMTOOLA Secretary General Ban Ki- to reform outdated laws that discri- couple were arrested. In Gaza, Palestine’s de- moon, who helped secure the minate against homosexuality. They mocratically elected Prime men’s release, and calls on should be repealed and reformed.” Minister Ismail Haniyeh the government of Ma- “I urge all countries to show moral Marcel van Soest strongly condemned Solidarity with lawi to now show true and political courage in combating Executive Director the attack on the flotilla FREEDOM FLOTILLA leadership by repealing thecri- discrimination in all its forms. Ma- World AIDS Campaign. and called on the inter- AID MISSION minalisation of homosexuality lawi should be known throughout the Open Letter to the US Ambassador in Mauritius Liberty, Equality, Humanity, Ecology and Feminism attack in international waters; while the Isreali itself stated that ten activists were c/o 4R Building, Eau Coulee, Republic of Mauritius. killed in the assault; while the Al-Jazeera correspondent which was on the Email: [email protected] lead boat testifi ed that a white fl ag was raised when the Israeli commando opened fi re. It is obvious from the facts that Israeli attack is a deliberate one and Attention : should be condemned without any reservation. Ambassador Mary Jo Wills Almost all countries of the world have condemned the blockade of Gaza by Embassy of the United States of America the State of Israel. This blockade represents an illegal collective punishment of the 4th Floor, Rogers House, John Kennedy Avenue, Port Louis Palestinian civilian population. The blockade is causing widespread malnutrition, 2nd of June 2010 lack of basic medical treatment, traumatization of tens of thousands of children and mass unemployment that has left 80 per cent of the Gazaís 1.5 million people Dear Madam, dependent on relief. An entire population are trying to live among the ruins left by the 2008-09 Israeli aggression. Rezistans ek Alternativ writes to you to express our serious concern on the The recent assault of the Israeli commando on the Free Gaza Flotilla repre- continuous support of the United States of America (USA) to the illegal Israel sents in fact a logical extension of the blockade of Gaza. A blockade that the Peace stateís occupation of the Palestine territory and people. The recent Isrealiís go- Flotilla was protesting and challenging. vernment murderous attack of the Free Gaza Flotilla in international waters, in We would appreciate if you could convey to President Obama, the concern defi ance to international laws and human decency, represents a new escalation of our movement, a concern shared by many of the citizens of the Republic of of Israel aggression against the Palestinian people. Mauritius, on the dubious USAís stand on the illegal The USA, which is the prime political and military supporter of the state of Is- Israel state occupation of the Palestine territory and people. rael, have a direct responsibility to contribute to end the impunity for the continued Israelís crimes perpetrated against the Palestinian people and international laws. Yours sincerely, We fail to understand the stand of President Obama, calling for an investi- Veena Dholah & Georges Legallant gation, while the government of Isreal itself proclaimed that it launched the said for Rezistans ek Alternativ p. 44 WE MARK THE SPOT] Insert N°3 • Friday 4 June 2010 l’express [Book review Paradise Café Puppy Love This is not a spot you come across by chance but it is worth the detour. Tucked Unconditional love comes in surprising forms. That’s the away on the second fl oor of lesson author John Grogan shares with us through his no- Orchard Centre, it is the kind vel, Marley and Me (2006), a true story about the amazing of place you fi nd handy when friendship between a man and his dog. The book teaches you are peckish and looking an important lesson: that you can sometimes discover the for something quick to eat. Its meaning of life from the simplest and most innocent of crea- paninis, toasted sandwiches tures. Those who, like Grogan (and me), believe that dogs are and hot dogs are made in sweet, funny creatures that enrich their (responsible) owners’ front of you in a hygienic place lives are sure to enjoy this novel. which puts your mind at rest. The star of the story is none other than Marley, a gorgeous If you are a coffee lover, you but loopy Golden Labrador, who gets up to mischief and really should go no further. madcap adventures much to the exasperation and embarrass-

Paradise Café offers the best VISHAL ARORA ment of his owners, John and Jenny Grogan. Their journey coffee in town. Take it from a through the thirteen years of Marley’s life is a discovery of connoisseur for whom a good the extraordinary effect that a dog can have on a family’s cup of coffee makes a big life. Marley brings laughter and joy, but he also provides difference to the day. And protection, comfort, and a never-ending supply of love and there is no secret. The coffee The man behind the Paradise Café hospitality: Jeff Luckiah. loyalty. Thanks to Marley, John and Jenny learn about the at Paradise starts from the importance of family and marriage, and about the sanctity coffee beans ground in the table added to the spotless dly personalized and quick and brevity of life. front of you and served in bathroom make you feel you service that seems to suit both They learn to appreciate the little things and to live like there all its forms. Whether you are wanted. the busy customer and the was no tomorrow. opt for a Cappuccino, an This hospitality is not an one who has a bit of time to John Grogan is an American journalist and magazine editor, Espresso, an Ice latte or a accident. The man behind enjoy a drink while having a turned novelist, whose debut novel Marley and Me became Café latte, the experience Paradise Café is Jeff Luckiah. chat with a friend or business an international bestseller and eventually a motion picture. is memorable. Having been a steward in Air partner. And what makes the Grogan grew up surrounded by pet dogs, and this brings But more than the unique Mauritius, he has used his difference is that you are ne- him to appreciate the special relationship he develops with experience of the café which extensive travels to bring in a ver made to feel that you have this very unusual pooch. The story is hearfelt and honest. coffee lovers are bound to new concept. That of ‘making outstayed your welcome. The Grogan invites the reader into his life, and there is no dog want to renew, what makes Pa- things for you in front of you,’ a smiles never waver whether lover who will not identify with Grogan or recognize his own radise Café unique is the wel- concept which has attracted you take fi ve minutes to gulp dog in Marley. come you receive, whether you a type of clientele looking for up a sandwich or two hours to You will fi nd yourself laughing throughout most of Marley are a regular or a new comer. just that. The cup of coffee is sip a coffee. and Me. I bought this book to read on a long fl ight home The smiles are guaranteed and made to your liking because The prices? Let’s say that and ended up chuckling and stifl ing outbursts of laughter the little extras like the possi- the staff know how you like they make sure the one sitting throughout most of journey! There is no way you can read bility of reading your favourite it. The passion the staff have at the table next to you is not a Marley and Me and keep a straight face. The book is also a newspaper (l’Express, what for everything they do is felt in child bunking school. good guide to what not to do with your dog; for fear that you else?!) while savouring a nice every bite you take and every should fi nd yourself in situations similar to those in the book. hot or chilled drink and the sip you have. Chasing your dog down a posh city pavement as he drags the little fl ower arrangements on Their hallmark is a frien- Touria PRAYAG table he was tied to behind him, getting expelled from dog training school or leaving your hungry dog in the back seat of a car with the bouquet you just bought your wife are certainly not avenues you want to explore with your four-legged pal! Kreol korner] Marley crashes through doors, pounces on visitors, trauma- tises the dog sitter, eats jewellery and steals from the kitchen. Yet he remains the symbol of pure and unconditional love from start to fi nish. Marley and Me has many moments that remind you why a dog is man’s best friend in the fi rst place, a creature that will lay his life on the line to protect you, the way Marley attempts to protect John from an armed rob- ber. Our dogs understand a lot more than we give them credit for. Dog lovers, if you haven’t read this yet, pick up a copy of this book now. You may never look at your dog the same way again.

Melissa LOUIS NADEN CHETTY

Bel fet! – Big deal! This charmingly ironic expression can be used in response to a situation that you fi nd underwhelming, boring or both. For example, if someone enthusiastically tells you that Dave, the Mauritian who participated in the French TV show La Nouvelle Star, arrived in Mauritius on Sunday for some rest and relaxation, an apt response would be, “bel fet!”. N.R