SENEGAL Last Updated: 2007-05-22

Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System (VMNIS) WHO Global Database on Iodine Deficiency The database on iodine deficiency includes data by country on goitre prevalence and/or urinary iodine concentration

Goitre Urinary iodine (µg/L) Notes prevalence (%) Distribution (%) Prevalence (%) Age Sample Grade Grade TGP <20 20-49 50-99100-299 >300 <100 Median Mean SD Reference General Line Level Date Region and sample descriptor Sex (years) size 1 2 D 2003 Véligara department: SAC by area: Urban B 6.00 - 12.99 65 53.8 12.7 5128 * Véligara department: SAC by area: Rural B 6.00 - 12.99 84 40.5 25.4 Vélingara department: SAC by area: Urban B 6.00 - 12.99 677 2.2 * Vélingara department: SAC by area: Rural B 6.00 - 12.99 878 1.2 Vélingara department: Women by area: Urban F NS 358 5.3 Vélingara department: Women by area: Rural F NS 306 4.2 Vélingara department: PW by area: Urban F NS 46 13.0 Vélingara department: PW by area: Rural F NS 61 11.5

L 1999P Casamance area: 6 villages: All B 5.00 - 60.99 109 97.0 20.0 1563 * 1 Casamance area: 6 villages: All B 5.00 - 60.99 160 30.0 10.6 40.6 * L 1997 Bambey, Kebemer and Koungheul: SAC B 6.00 - 12.99 400 15.0 28.0 38.0 81.0 5129 * S 1995 -1997 Tambacounda and Casamance regions: All: Total B 10.00 - 50.99 8797 21.5 24.5 18.3 64.4 5282 * Tambacounda and Casamance regions: PW F NS 462 50.0 All by region: Tambacounda urban B 10.00 - 50.99 866 17.7 25.1 24.2 67.0 61.1 All by region: Tambacounda rural B 10.00 - 50.99 793 43.6 37.2 12.8 93.6 23.0 All by department: Bakel B 10.00 - 50.99 895 11.7 37.6 30.3 79.7 50.0 All by department: Goudiry B 10.00 - 50.99 834 30.2 33.4 17.5 81.2 33.0 All by department: Kedougou B 10.00 - 50.99 858 17.7 24.9 21.2 63.9 60.0 All by department: Kolda B 10.00 - 50.99 924 9.1 8.9 12.3 30.3 150.0 All by department: Sédhiou B 10.00 - 50.99 902 47.6 34.0 9.6 91.1 21.0 All by department: Velingara B 10.00 - 50.99 836 21.5 15.5 16.0 53.1 79.0 All by department: Zinguinchor urban B 10.00 - 50.99 948 1.7 6.0 14.1 21.8 150.0 All by department: Zinguinchor rural B 10.00 - 50.99 940 19.0 25.7 24.6 69.4 56.0 Tambacounda and Casamance regions: All: Total B 10.00 - 50.99 9544 22.4 4.8 27.2 * SAC/Adolescents by sex and age F 10.00 - 18.99 2017 26.0 5.3 31.3 SAC/Adolescents by sex and age M 10.00 - 18.99 1870 18.1 3.0 21.1 Women by age F 19.00 - 29.99 1605 29.7 7.2 36.9 Women by age F 30.00 - 50.99 1841 24.1 6.9 31.0 Men by age M 19.00 - 29.99 1080 17.7 3.1 20.8 Men by age M 30.00 - 50.99 1131 13.9 2.0 15.9 All by region: Tambacounda B 10.00 - 50.99 NS 33.5 All by region: Casamance B 10.00 - 50.99 NS 23.4 All by department: Bakel B 10.00 - 50.99 958 8.6 0.1 8.7 All by department: Goudiry B 10.00 - 50.99 927 18.8 1.7 20.5 All by department: Kedougou B 10.00 - 50.99 959 54.0 27.5 81.5

© WHO Global Database on Iodine Deficiency Vitamin and Mineral Nutrition Information System (VMNIS) WHO Global Database on Iodine Deficiency The database on iodine deficiency includes data by country on goitre prevalence and/or urinary iodine concentration

SENEGAL Last Updated: 2007-05-22

Goitre Urinary iodine (µg/L) Notes prevalence (%) Distribution (%) Prevalence (%) Age Sample Grade Grade TGP <20 20-49 50-99100-299 >300 <100 Median Mean SD Reference General Line Level Date Region and sample descriptor Sex (years) size 1 2 S 1995 -1997 All by department: Kolda B 10.00 - 50.99 952 25.7 4.3 30.0 5282 All by department: Sédhiou B 10.00 - 50.99 965 26.9 1.3 28.2 All by department: Tambacounda rural B 10.00 - 50.99 950 26.9 5.6 32.5 All by department: Tambacounda urban B 10.00 - 50.99 936 13.0 1.5 14.5 All by department: Velingara B 10.00 - 50.99 930 24.8 4.9 29.7 All by department: Zinguinchor urban B 10.00 - 50.99 956 12.0 0.5 12.5 All by department: Zinguincho rural B 10.00 - 50.99 976 13.0 1.4 14.4

D 1992 Bakel and Kedougou departments: All: Total B 0.00 - NS 7005 37.1 382 * Pre-SAC B 0.00 - 5.99 1726 15.4 SAC B 6.00 - 12.99 1852 50.0 Adolescents B 13.00 - 18.99 778 55.0 Adults B 19.00 - NS 2649 36.9 All by department: Bakel B 0.00 - NS 1200 23.3 All by department: Kedougou B 0.00 - NS 5805 39.9 All by arrondissement: Badafassi B 0.00 - NS 1719 46.5 All by arrondissement: Baila B 0.00 - NS 938 24.0 All by arrondissement: Kidira B 0.00 - NS 262 21.0 All by arrondissement: Saraya B 0.00 - NS 4086 37.1

L 1987 Adults by village: 1 B 15.00 - NS 38 14 1565 * Adults by village: 2 B 15.00 - NS 91 11 Adults by village: 3 B 15.00 - NS 57 7 Adults by village: 4 B 15.00 - NS 65 14 Adults by village: 5 B 15.00 - NS 104 14 Adults by village: 6 B 15.00 - NS 45 13 Adults by village: 7 B 15.00 - NS 43 11 Velingara area: 7 villages: Adults B 15.00 - NS 502 50.4 11.3 61.7 * 2 Women F 15.00 - NS 348 54.6 13.2 67.8 Men M 15.00 - NS 154 40.9 7.1 48.0 Adults by village: 1 B 15.00 - NS 38 71.1 Adults by village: 2 B 15.00 - NS 91 78.0 Adults by village: 3 B 15.00 - NS 57 73.7 Adults by village: 4 B 15.00 - NS 65 47.1 Adults by village: 5 B 15.00 - NS 104 46.2 Adults by village: 6 B 15.00 - NS 45 52.3 Adults by village: 7 B 15.00 - NS 43 83.7

SENEGAL Last Updated: 2007-05-22

SENEGAL

Reference no 5128 General Notes: Multi-stage cluster sampling with probability proportionate to size, stratified by urban/ rural strata; sample comprised of randomly chosen households within randomly selected census districts in the department of Vélingara in Kolda region; this area selected because it is poor and suffer from more malnutrition than other regions in Sénégal; urinary iodine measured only in a subsample.

Reference no 1563 General Notes: Sample comprised subjects belonging to 2 ethnic groups, Peuhl and Diahanke from 6 villages in Casamance area; no selection criteria were used other than consent and availability; goitre investigated by ultrasonography, values not included in the database. Line note 1 UI <50 µg/L: 95.7% Reference no 5129 General Notes: Multi-stage cluster sampling with probability proportionate to size based on census districts; sample comprised SAC from 3 health districts: Bambey, Kebemer and Koungheul; baseline values of intervention project.

Reference no 5282 General Notes: Random cluster sampling in the region of Casamance (Fatick, Kaolack, Kolda and Ziguinchor) and Sénégal Oriental (Tambacounda region); same survey reported in references No. 1562, 1564 and 1633. Reference no 382 General Notes: Sample comprised subjects selected from the departments of Bakel and Kedougou, Tambacounda region. Reference no 1565 General Notes: Sample comprised adults from 7 villages located 25-30 km south of Velingara in the eastern Casamance; urinary iodine expressed in µmol/L; values converted to µg/L by multiplying values in µmol/L with factor 127 (molar weight I 127). Line note 2 Mean age 35.5 years.

Reference 382 Ministère de la Santé Publique. Projet de lutte contre l'endémie goitreuse dans la région de Tambacounda - Résultats d'enquête. 1993.

Reference 1563 Smyth PP, Darke C, Parkes AB, Smith DF, John R, Hetherton AM, Lazarus JH. Assessment of goiter in an area of endemic iodine deficiency. Thyroid, 1999, 9 :895-901.

Reference 1565 Lazarus JH, Parkes AB, John R, N'Diaye M, Prysor-Jones SG. Endemic goitre in Senegal-thyroid function etiological factors and treatment with oral iodized oil. Acta Endocrinologica, 1992, 126 :149-154.

Reference 5128 Micronutrient and Health (MICAH). Rapport de l'enquête de base du programme MICAH 2 dans le district sanitaire de Velingara. Senegal, Canadian International Development Agency, 2004.

Reference 5129 Vision Mondiale Sénégal, Le Project MICAH. Rapport de l'enquête finale de project santé et lutte contre les deficiences en micronutrient (MICAH). Sénégal, Canadian International Development Agency, 2002.

Reference 5282 Dillon JC, Sall G, Ciornei G, Faivre D, Monnerie F, Fouere T, Chevalier P. Prevalence de la carence en iode et du goitre endemique au Senegal oriental et en Casamance. Médecine d'Afrique Noire, 2000, 47

Reference 328 Ingenbleek Y. Thyroid dysfunction in protein-calorie malnutrition. Nutrition Reviews, 1986, 44 :253-266.

Reference 333 Ingenbleek Y, Luypaert B, De Nayer P. Nutritional status and endemic goiter. Lancet, 1980, 1 :388-391.

Reference 339 Lazarus JH, Parkes AB, John R, Howells R, Diyae MN, Prysor-Jones SG. Endemic goitre in South East Senegal. Treatment with oral iodised oil. In: International Symposium on Environment, Genetics and Thyroid Disorders; 1989 March 5-8; New Delhi, India. 1989. :49.

Reference 1562 Dillon JC, Milliez J. Reproductive failure in women living in iodine deficient areas of West Africa. BJOG: an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2000, 107 :631-636.

Reference 1564 Dillon JC, Faivre D, Ciornei G, Sall G. La consommation de manioc n'intervient pas dans la genèse du goitre endémique en zone rurale sénégalaise [The consumption of cassava is not responsible for the etiology of endemic goiter in rural areas in Senegal]. Santé, 1999, 9 :93-99.

Reference 1633 SANAS, ORSTOM Nutrition. Enquête sur la prévalence des troubles dus à la carence en iode dans la région de Tambacounda, novembre 1995-avril 1996 [Survey on the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders in the Tambacounda region, November 1995-April 1996]. Dakar, SANAS, ORSTOM Nutrition, 1997.

Reference 2656 Yaou Darey G, Ndiaye AM. L'endémie goitreuse dans le Département de Velingara: ORANA (Organisme de Recherches sur l'Alimentation et la Nutrition Africaines). Dakar, .

Reference 4866 Ministère de l'Economie et des Finances, Direction de la Prévision et de la Statistique, UNICEF. Sénégal - Rapport de l'enquête sur les objectifs de la fin de décennie sur l'enfance (MICS-II-2000) [Senegal - Survey report on the end of decade children goals (MICS-II-2000). Dakar, Direction de la Prévision et de la Statistique, 2000.

Reference 4890 Sall G, Ndiaye O, Gueye BM, Dioh M, Dillon JC, Kuakuvi N. Retentissement de la carence iodée chez les adolescentes enceintes dans une zone d'endémie goitreuse et leurs nouveau-nés: le cas de Sedhiou (Sénégal). Médecine d'Afrique Noire, 2000, 47 :478-481.

Reference 5739 Salif N, Ayad M. Enquête Démographique et de Santé au Sénégal 2005. Calverton, Maryland, Centre de Recherche pour le Développment Humain [Sénégal] et ORC Macro, 2006.