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The Nereid Monument, British Museum Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk 1 2
British Museum suggested reconstruction with black areas showing sculpture in the museum
Dr William Sterling Dr William Sterling Miniaturk Istanbul www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 3 4
Charles Thomas Newton
Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk 5 6
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Newton at Halicarnassus 1862 Newton at Halicarnassus 7 8
Roman mosaics from Halicarnassus excavated by Newton, British Museum Newton excavating Roman mosaics at Halicarnassus 9 10
Newton at Rhodes
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Newton excavating Lion of Cnidus Lion of Cnidus, British Museum 13 14
The Amazonomachy drawn by Richard Dadd in 1844 Charles Robert Cockerell 1852 15 16
Charles Robert Cockerell 1852
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Site of Mausoleum at Bodrum today Dr William Sterling Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk Mausoleum underground chamber www.williamsterling.co.uk 19 20
Dr William Sterling Dr William Sterling Mausoleum steps www.williamsterling.co.uk Bodrum Castle www.williamsterling.co.uk 21 22
Former Mausoleum display, British Museum Dr William Sterling “Artemisia” and “Mausolus” www.williamsterling.co.uk 23 24
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Mausolus’s head
Back of Artemisia Back of Mausolus Dr William Sterling Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 25 26
Egyptian Calcite Jar with Xerxes’s name on found in the tomb which must have been a gift to the earlier Artemisia in 480 BC and passed down to her successors
Head and shoulders of one of four horses from the Quadriga on the pinnacle showing surviving bronze harness with one of the lions from the Dr William Sterling base of the pyramid www.williamsterling.co.uk 27 28
Chariot wheel and hoof from the Quadriga
Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk Diagram showing location of surviving parts of Quadriga 29 30
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Dr William Sterling Mausoleum lion from the staircase, British Museum Dr William Sterling One of the lions from the edge of the pyramid roof , British Museum www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 31 32
Fragments from the Mausoleum , British Museum Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk 33 34
Lion head from the Mausoleum, British Fragments from the Mausoleum Museum lions , British Museum
Dr William Sterling Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 35 36
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Head of Ada, sister of Mausolus and Artemisia from the Mausoleum, British Museum
Ada’s stronghold at Alinda
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Apollo from the Mausoleum, British Museum
Heads of a bearded men from the Mausoleum , British Museum Dr William Sterling Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 39 40
Dr William Sterling Hunter in Persian dress from the Mausoleum, British Museum Dr William Sterling Panther at bay from the Mausoleum hunting scene, British Museum www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 41 42
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Persian hunter wearing Phrygian cap, British Museum
Necking drum from the Mausoleum, British Museum Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk 43 44
Ionic column head from the Mausoleum, British Museum
Dr William Sterling Fragment of Greek and Centaur from the Centauromachy frieze on Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk the Mausoleum, British Museum www.williamsterling.co.uk 45 46
Bronze charioteer from Delphi
Fragment of the Centauromachy Frieze on the Mausoleum, British Museum
Dr William Sterling Fragment of Chariot Frieze on the Mausoleum, British Museum Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 47 48
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Fragment from the Amazonomachy Frieze, Bodrum Museum
Fragment from the Amazonomachy Frieze, Bodrum Museum Dr William Sterling Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 49 50
Part of the Amazonomachy Frieze, British Museum
Current Mausoleum display, British Museum Dr William Sterling Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 51 52
Part of the Amazonomachy Frieze, British Museum Heracles on the Amazonomachy Frieze, British Museum Dr William Sterling Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 53 54
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Part of the Amazonomachy Frieze, British Museum
Theseus (with later inscription) on the Amazonomachy Frieze, British Museum
Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk 55 56
Part of the Amazonomachy Frieze, British Museum
Part of the Amazonomachy Frieze, British Museum Dr William Sterling Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 57 58
Part of the Amazonomachy Frieze, British Museum
Dr William Sterling Part of the Amazonomachy Frieze, British Museum Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 59 60
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Part of the Amazonomachy Frieze, British Museum Part of the Amazonomachy Frieze, British Museum
Dr William Sterling Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 61 62
Part of the Amazonomachy Frieze, British Museum
Part of the Amazonomachy Frieze, British Museum
Dr William Sterling Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 63 64
Part of the Amazonomachy Frieze, British Museum Part of the Amazonomachy Frieze, British Museum
Dr William Sterling Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 65 66
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Roman copy of Meleager by Scopas, British Museum
Roman copies of Apollo Belvedere by Leochares, Vatican and John Soane Museum 67 68
Diana of Versailles by Leochares
Dr William Sterling Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk Leda and the Swan by Timotheus, Prado and Yale www.williamsterling.co.uk 69 70
Serapis by Bryaxis
Dr William Sterling Temple of Athena at Priene by Pytheos Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 71 72
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Statue from the Temple of Athena at Priene, British Museum
Column capital from the Temple of Athena at Priene, British Museum
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Illustration to Marcus Vitruvius Pollio and Walther Hermann Ryff 1575 work on architecture
Maarten van Heemskerck 1572 Dr William Sterling Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 75 76
C17th illustration to Aesop’s Pierre Valleran Fables - Forester showing 1675-1700 the Mausoleum to a lion
Dr William Sterling Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk www.williamsterling.co.uk 77 78
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Charles Robert Cockerell 1856
Based on Fergusson 1862 and Petersen 1867
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A J Stevenson 1896
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Coin of Mausolus c 377 BC Coin of Mausolus
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Coin of Pharnabaze II satrap of Cilicia 413 BC
Persian Satraps 87 88
Carian soldier on monument to Xerxes
Persian satrap in quadriga from the Oxus Treasure 350-200 BC, British Museum
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Woodcut illustration from Giovanni Boccaccio's De mulieribus Claris (c. 1374) of Artemisia Royal arm ring from the Oxus Treasure 350-200 BC, British Museum drinking the ashes of her husband Mausolus c. 1474
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Gerrit van Honthorst Artemisia by Domenico Fetti c. 1620 Artemisia c. 1635 Vienna Princeton Art Gallery
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Artemisia Building the Mausoleum by Simon Vouet c. 1642 Stockholm
Artemisia by Rembrandt 1634 Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk 95 96
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Playing Card 1644
Artemisia by Erasmus Quellinus II 1652 Hunterian Museum 97 98
Artemisia by Johann Heinrich Artemisia by Johann Baptist Hagenauer Tischbein 1775 1773-80 Schönbrunn Palace Vienna
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Roman tomb at Mylasa in Caria
Tomb in Dougga Tunisia C2nd BC
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St George’s Bloomsbury by Nicholas Hawksmoor 1730 with King George I as St George
Dr William Sterling Grant’s Tomb New York 1897 www.williamsterling.co.uk 103 104
Indiana War Memorial 1924
Masonic Hall Washington DC 1915 Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk 105 106
The Civil Courts Building St Louis 1930
Shrine of Remembrance Melbourne 1934 Dr William Sterling www.williamsterling.co.uk 107 108
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Quadriga on Dougga Tomb C2nd BC National Diet Tokyo 1936
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Horses of Basilica San Marco Venice possibly for quadriga of Septimius Severus monument C3rd AD taken from Constantinople 1204 AD Charles Meynier Napoleon in Berlin in 1806
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Hippolyte Bellangé Un jour de revue sous l’Empire 1810 NB the horses are those from St Mark’s which Napoleon had liberated from Venice The Brandenburg Gate showing Quadriga and Centauromachy Metopes
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Wellington Arch designed 1827
Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel 1815 quadriga by Baron François Joseph Bosio 115 116
The Monument to Vittorio Emanuele II Rome 1911-1935 The Wellington Arch Quadriga 1912 designed by Adrian Jones - a small boy (the son of Lord Michelham who funded it) leading the quadriga, with Peace descending from heaven. 117 118
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