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TABLE 7 - Trans-Ocean Fiber Optic Cable Capacity
TABLE 7 - Trans-Ocean Fiber Optic Cable Capacity Table 7 - Continued - Construction cost sources: Cable Source Trans - Atlantic - Operational: TAT-8 98 FCC 2 nd 447 (1984) PTAT 100 FCC 2 nd 1036 (1985) TAT-9 4 FCC Rcd 1130 (1989) TAT-10 7 FCC Rcd 445 (1992) TAT-11 7 FCC Rcd 136 (1992) TAT-12/13 8 FCC Rcd 4811 (1993) CANTAT-3 www.athens.actinc.bc.ca/ACT/news.oct/cable.html, downloaded 3/10/1997. Columbus II Application, filed on November 10, 1992, File No. ITC-93-029. CANUS-1 n.a. Atlantic Crossing (AC-1) www.submarinesystems.com/tssl/newswire/netherlands.htm, downloaded 12/15/99. Gemini www.cwplc.com/press/1996/p96oct28.htm, downloaded 6/18/1998. Columbus III www.att.com/press/0298/980211.cia.html, downloaded 7/1/1998. Level 3 www.simplextech.com/news/pr990511.html, downloaded 12/01/1999. TAT-14 www.francetelecomna.com/nr/nr_prre/nr_prre_9-2-98_tat.htm, downloaded 12/14/1999. FLAG Atlantic - 1 www.flagatlantic.com/gts_and_flag_131099.htm, downloaded 12/14/1999. Hibernia Atlantic (formerly 360atlantic) www.worldwidefiber.com/html/news_14july1999.html, downloaded 11/29/1999. Tyco Atlantic n.a. Apollo www.techweb.com/wire/story/TWB20010112S0004, downloaded 10/15/2003. Americas - Operational: Americas I Application, filed on November 10, 1992, File No. ITC-93-030 TCS-1 5 FCC Rcd 101 (1990) Taino-Carb 7 FCC Rcd 4275 (1992) BAHAMAS II n.a. Antillas I n.a. Pan American Cable System www.twoten.press.net/stories/headlines/BUSINESS_mci_Cable.html, downloaded 2/27/98. Americas II www.investors.tycoint.com/news/19980302-5261.htm, downloaded 12/15/1999. -
Regulatory, Infrastructure and Tariff Aspects of Electronic
MM www.idate.org The European way to think the Digital World Regulatory, infrastructure and tariff aspects of electronic communications and broadband connectivity in the Outermost Regions (OR) A comparison of the current situation with that in the rest of the Community and neighbouring countries Prepared for the European Commission DG Regional Policy December 2005 This study was financed by the European Community and was performed by IDATE and LL&A in partnership with INESC PORTO (Portugal) and MM (Spain). The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors only and under no circumstances are to be construed as those of the European Commission. IDATE – BP4167 – 34092 Montpellier cedex 5 – Tel : +33(0)467 144 444 – Fax : +33(0)467 144 400 – [email protected] Regulatory, infrastructure and tariff aspects of electronic communications and broadband connectivity in the ORs: A comparison of the current situation with that in the rest of the Community and neighbouring countries Final report Contents Introduction............................................................................................................................................ 7 1. State of the art of telecommunications in the ORs....................................................................... 9 1.1. Networks and services............................................................................................................. 9 1.2. Regulation and competition ................................................................................................... 12 -
Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, D.C
Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, D.C. In the Matter of EDGE CABLE HOLDINGS USA, LLC, File No. SCL-LIC-2020-____________ AQUA COMMS (AMERICAS) INC., AQUA COMMS (IRELAND) LIMITED, CABLE & WIRELESS AMERICAS SYSTEMS, INC., AND MICROSOFT INFRASTRUCTURE GROUP, LLC, Application for a License to Land and Operate a Private Fiber-Optic Submarine Cable System Connecting the United States, the United Kingdom, and France, to Be Known as THE AMITIÉ CABLE SYSTEM JOINT APPLICATION FOR CABLE LANDING LICENSE— STREAMLINED PROCESSING REQUESTED Pursuant to 47 U.S.C. § 34, Executive Order No. 10,530, and 47 C.F.R. § 1.767, Edge Cable Holdings USA, LLC (“Edge USA”), Aqua Comms (Americas) Inc. (“Aqua Comms Americas”), Aqua Comms (Ireland) Limited (“Aqua Comms Ireland,” together with Aqua Comms Americas, “Aqua Comms”), Cable & Wireless Americas Systems, Inc. (“CWAS”), and Microsoft Infrastructure Group, LLC (“Microsoft Infrastructure”) (collectively, the “Applicants”) hereby apply for a license to land and operate within U.S. territory the Amitié system, a private fiber-optic submarine cable network connecting the United States, the United Kingdom, and France. The Applicants and their affiliates will operate the Amitié system on a non-common-carrier basis, either by providing bulk capacity to wholesale and enterprise customers on particularized terms and conditions pursuant to individualized negotiations or by using the Amitié cable system to serve their own internal business connectivity needs. The existence of robust competition on U.S.-U.K., U.S.-France, and (more broadly) U.S.-Western Europe routes obviates any need for common-carrier regulation of the system on public-interest grounds. -
Issue 26 May 2006 Submarine Telecoms Forum Is Published Bi-Monthly by WFN Strategies, L.L.C
Regional Systems Issue 26 May 2006 Submarine Telecoms Forum is published bi-monthly by WFN Strategies, L.L.C. The publication may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form, in whole or in part, without the ExordiumWelcome to the May 2006, 26th issue of Submarine Telecoms Forum, our Regional permission of the publishers. Systems edition. Submarine Telecoms Forum is an independent com- mercial publication, serving as a freely accessible forum for My original Scuba diving certification was accomplished some 30 plus years ago, and professionals in industries connected with submarine optical it wasn’t until recently that I decided to upgrade it to the next level. Not that I had any fibre technologies and techniques. extra time to burn; but it just seemed like the right time to “confirm” the skills I had been Liability: while every care is taken in preparation of this using for all those years. Anybody can dive the tropics, but only the fanatical few dive a publication, the publishers cannot be held responsible for the frigid Virginia quarry in April. accuracy of the information herein, or any errors which may occur in advertising or editorial content, or any consequence We have, once again, some excellent articles for you, the fanatical few of the telecoms arising from any errors or omissions. industry. The publisher cannot be held responsible for any views Alan Robinson discusses SubOptic 2007, as well as the future of Apollo and Gemini expressed by contributors, and the editor reserves the right cable systems. Georges Krebs gives his view of the evolving submarine cable market, to edit any advertising or editorial material submitted for publication. -
Optical Fibre Submarine Systems
Optical fibre submarine GREENLAND systems D N ALASKA A (USA) ICELAND L Umeå N Vestmannaeyjar BOTNIA I Vaasa F Faroes SWEDEN Rauma RUSSIA 6 x 622 Turku Hallstavik Whittier Valdez Karst 2 + 1 x 2.5 Gbit/s Norrtälje Kingisepp Seward Tallin NORWAY ESTONIA U N Lena I 2 x 560 LATVIA CANTAT-3 T point AC-1 E DENMARK CANADA D Westerland LITHUANIA Northstar 2 x 4 (WDM) x 2.5 Gbit/s TAT-14 K I N REP. OF IRELAND G BELORUSSIA TAT-10 2 + 1 x 560 D S D Norden/ N O LA Grossheide ER POLAND M TH NE GERMANY Gemini North 2 x 6 (WDM) x 2.5 Gbit/s BELGIUM CZECH Dieppe REP. Port UKRAINE Alberni NPC 3 + 1 x 420 St Brieuc SLOVAK REP. M O KAZAKHSTAN L FRANCE D Seattle AC-1 AUSTRIA A V TPC-5 2 x 5 Gbit/s HUNGARY I Tillamook PTAT-1 3 + 1 x 420 Gbit/s SWITZ. I A A Odessa DM) x 2.5 St Hilaire de Riez SLOVEN 2 x 6 (W MONGOLIA i South FLAG Atlantic-1 160 Gbit/s emin CROATIA ROMANIA Pacific G Y I U Novorossijsk City Pennant Point HERZEGOVINABOSNIA- G s T O 2.5 SochiGbit/s PC-1 Medway Harbour Gbit/ S x 5 L TAT-11 3 DxM 560) A Varna Shirley x 3 (W A V Nakhodka TAT-12 2 x 3 (WDM) x 5 Gbit/s 2 I GEORGIA Ishikati TAT-13 A BULGARIA UZBEKISTAN Rhode Island F L PC-1 L ALBANIA Poti A KYRGYZSTAN N Long Island G Y TAT-9 2 + 1 x 560 ARMENIA AZERBAIJAN New York MACEDONIA TURKMENISTAN NORTH Bandon TAT-8 2 x 280 Istanbul KOREA FLAG Atlantic-1 160 Gbit/s Azores SPAIN E R-J-K C 2 x 560 0 EE 6 R 5 G Dalian A CANUS-1 TAT-14 PORTUGAL TURKEY JIH CableProject Japan-US Manasquan Lisbon UNITED STATES 3x TAJIKISTAN Point Sesimbra PC-1 Arena Tuckerton Marmaris Yantaï SOUTH P TPC-4 2 x 560 A S -
KDDI Global ICT Brochure
https://global.kddi.com KDDI-Global Networks and IT Solutions Networking, Colocation, System Integration around the world BUILDING YOUR BUSINESS TOGETHER KDDI solutions are at the cutting-edge in all fields of information and communications KDDI, a Fortune Global 500 company, is one of Asia’s largest telecommunications providers, with approximately US$48 billion in annual revenue and a proven track record extending over many years and around the world. We deliver all-round services, from mobile phones to fixed-line communications, making us your one-stop solution provider for telecommunications and IT environments. The high praise and trust enjoyed by our TELEHOUSE data centers positioned around the world have kept us at the forefront of service and quality. Since our establishment in 1953, we have expanded our presence into 28 countries and 60 cities, with over 100 offices around the world supporting the success of our international customers through our high quality services. KDDI’s mobile telephone brand “au” has achieved significant market share in Japan, one of the world’s most comprehensive KDDI Quick Facts communications markets. KDDI’s relationship with over 600 carriers worldwide enables us to provide high-quality international network services in over 190 countries. Our exciting ventures, built on extensive experience, include investment in the “South-East Asia Japan 2 Cable”, which connects 11 locations in 9 countries and territories in Asia. Moreover, as the world moves toward the age of IoT and 5G, KDDI is taking steps to promote IoT business, such as connected cars, support for companies engaged in global business, and the creation of new value for our society. -
March 30, 2015 by ELECTRONIC FILING Marlene H. Dortch, Secretary Federal Communications Commission 445 12Th Street, S.W. Washin
(202) 223-7323 (202) 204-7371 [email protected] March 30, 2015 BY ELECTRONIC FILING Marlene H. Dortch, Secretary Federal Communications Commission 445 12th Street, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20554 Re: Joint Application for Transfer of Control of Cable Landing Licenses from Columbus Networks, Limited to Cable & Wireless Communications Plc, File Nos. SCL-T/C-20141121-00013 and SCL-T/C-20141121-00014; Applications for Transfer of Control of Section 214 Authorizations from Columbus Networks, Limited to Cable & Wireless Communications Plc, File Nos. ITC-T/C-20141121-00304 and ITC-T/C-20141121-00307 Dear Ms. Dortch: On Thursday, March 26, 2015, the undersigned counsel and representatives of Cable & Wireless Communications Plc (“C&W”) and Columbus Networks, Limited (“CNL”) met with members of the Commission’s staff to discuss the above-cited pending applications, and in particular Digicel’s pleadings and ex parte filing in the proceeding. Doc#: US1:9949275v3 Marlene H. Dortch, Secretary 2 Attending this meeting on behalf of Cable & Wireless Communications Plc were Belinda Bradbury, General Counsel, and Simeon Irvine, Chief Executive, Wholesale. C&W outside counsel Patrick Campbell and Diane Gaylor of Paul,Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison LLP also attended. Attending on behalf of Columbus Networks, Limited were Paul Scott, President and Chief Operating Officer, Columbus Networks USA, Inc., and Victor A. Lago, Vice President of Legal Affairs, Columbus Networks USA, Inc. CNL outside counsel Ulises Pin of Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP also attended. Commission staff in attendance were, from the International Bureau, Nese Guendelsberger, Deputy Bureau Chief (by phone); Kathleen Collins, Assistant Bureau Chief; Walt Strack, Assistant Bureau Chief and Chief Economist; Howard Griboff, Acting Division Chief, Policy Division; David Krech, Associate Division Chief, Policy Division; Mark Uretsky, Senior Economist, Policy Division; Jodi Cooper, Senior Attorney, Policy Division; and, from the Office of General Counsel, James Bird. -
A Life Cycle Assessment of Fibre Optic Submarine Cable Systems Craig
Twenty thousand leagues under the sea: A life cycle assessment of fibre optic submarine cable systems Craig Donovan Stockholm 2009 KTH, Department of Urban Planning and Environment Division of Environmental Strategies Research – fms Kungliga Tekniska högskolan Degree Project SoM EX 2009 -40 www.infra.kth.se/fms Twenty thousand leagues under the sea: A life cycle assessment o f fibre optic submarine cable systems Abstract Submarine cables carry the vast majority of transcontinental voice and data traffic. The high capacity and bandwidth of these cables make it possible to transfer large amounts of data around the globe almost instantaneously. Yet, little is known about the potential environmental impacts of a submarine cable from a life cycle perspective. This study applies Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology to collect and analyse the potential environmental impacts of a submarine cable system within a single consistent framework. The system boundary is drawn at the limits of the terminal station where the signal is transferred to, or from, the terrestrial network. All significant components and processes within the system boundary have been modelled to account for the flow of resources, energy, wastes and emissions. Data quality analysis is performed on certain variables to evaluate the effect of data uncertainties, data gaps and methodological choices. The results highlight those activities in the life cycle of a submarine cable that have the largest potential environmental impact; namely, electricity use at the terminal station and cable maintenance by purpose-built ship. For example, the results show that 7 grams of carbon dioxide equivalents (CO 2 eq.) are potentially released for every ten thousand gigabit kilometres (10,000Gb·km), given current estimations of used capacity. -
Before the BUREAU of OCEAN ENERGY MANAGEMENT U.S. DEPARTMENT of the INTERIOR Washington, D.C
Before the BUREAU OF OCEAN ENERGY MANAGEMENT U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Washington, D.C. In the Matter of Information Collection: Prospecting for OMB Control No. 1010-0072 Minerals Other Than Oil, Gas, and Sulphur on the Outer Continental Shelf MMAA104000 and Authorizations of Noncommercial Geological and Geophysical Activities; Proposed Collection for OMB Review; Comment Request COMMENTS OF THE NORTH AMERICAN SUBMARINE CABLE ASSOCIATION Kent D. Bressie Danielle J. Piñeres HARRIS, WILTSHIRE & GRANNIS LLP 1919 M Street, N.W., Suite 800 Washington, D.C. 20036-3537 +1 202 730 1337 tel Counsel for the North American Submarine Cable Association 2 March 2015 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY To implement the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act, comply with the Paperwork Reduction Act, and safeguard U.S. national-security and economic interests, the North American Submarine Cable Association (“NASCA”) urges the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (“BOEM”) to modify its information collection in form BOEM-0134 in order to ensure protection of submarine cables, the critical infrastructure that provides almost all international telecommunications and Internet connectivity for the United States and domestic connectivity for Alaska, Hawaii, and various U.S. territories. BOEM should require applicants for permits or other authorizations for geological and geophysical prospecting or scientific research on the U.S. outer continental shelf (“OCS”) related to minerals other than oil, gas, and sulphur (collectively, “mineral prospecting activities”) to identify submarine cables in the vicinity of planned activities and explain how planned mineral prospecting activities will not “unreasonably interfere with” current and planned submarine cables and will ensure compliance with federal laws regarding damage to submarine cables. -
Coastlines Are Reproduced Using GEBCO Digital Atlas, Centenary Edition 2003
Subsea Cables UK is an industry organisation with the aim of promoting marine safety, safeguarding submarine cables and encouraging excellent practice within the industry. Subsea Cables UK does not broadly differentiate between the Communications, Power and Renewable industry cables as their impact on other seabed stakeholders is so similar. Subsea Cables UK is interested in any cables which land or pass through UK waters including the Exclusive Economic Zone. SOUTH WEST APPROACHES Kingfisher Awareness Chart Kilmore! New Quay! 13°W 30' 12°W 30' 11°W 30' 10°W 30' IRELAN9D°! W 30' 8°W 30' 7°W 30' 6°W 30' 5°W 30' 4°W 30' 3°W C U ! E K L - T I ! I R 52°N C 52°N E Fishguard ( L O A Cork O N REPUBLIC OF IRELAND ! S D ) Saltees Ground + C ! 4 R St. David's 4 O ( 0 S ) S ¥ 8 WALES 4 I ! 5 N 7 G 5 5 2 5 9 + 9 4 Kinsale 9 4 Milford! Haven ! ( 0 ) 2 0 8 Swansea 5 ! Ballycotton Ground 1 Dursey Island ! 0 Turbot Bank 3 1 Our aim is to optimise coexistence and minimise any hazards 1 Oxwich 9 ! P NYMPHE 0 T 520 + A 7 674 30' 4 T 0)20 ! 30' 4 +44( ( IR S Cardiff 0 OLA ) I S 2 S Marine Safety 0 H 7 B Kinsale Head Grounds 6 R S 7 W 4 A BANK 5 N AN 2 C S 0 H E 0 00 The Smalls Ground A/ 452 BR 7 67 EA (0)20 N +4 +44 4(0 ) 0 g 2 207 67452 0 H Se 5200 RT 674 U + O 7 K I N )20 AL (0 G 4 - N 44 U I I + T 4 R M AT OR E T P ( E E P - S K 0 G U L ! E ) P A A O 2 N Lundy Island UR 98 T .E 2 0 6 D W 6 8 A 2 1 T 9 TA 8 C 00 + 5 54 08 R 1 06 0 4 caused by the installation or presence of submarine cables to other sea bed users. -
Protection of Submarine Cables Through Spatial Separation
DECEMBER 2014 WORKING GROUP 8 SUBMARINE CABLE ROUTING AND LANDING Final Report – Protection of Submarine Cables Through Spatial Separation The Communications Security, Reliability and Interoperability Council IV Working Group 8 Final Report 1: Spatial Separation December 2014 Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................ 1 BACKGROUND ON CSRIC IV AND WORKING GROUP 8............................ 14 Objectives and Methods ........................................................................................ 14 Membership .......................................................................................................... 15 BACKGROUND ON SUBMARINE CABLES AND THE FCC’S ROLE IN REGULATING THEM ............................................................................................ 17 Submarine Cables Are Critically Important to U.S. National Security and the U.S. Economy ............................................................................................................... 17 Scope and Elements of Submarine Cables............................................................ 19 Complex Federal Regulation ................................................................................ 21 3.3.1 The FCC Functions as the Primary Regulator of Submarine Cables Landing in the United States ......................................................... 21 3.3.2 Other Federal Regulation ........................................................................ -
2019 Circuit Capacity Data for US-International Submarine Cables
2019 Circuit Capacity Data For U.S.-International Submarine Cables Table 1 Section 43.82 Circuit Capacity Filers (2019) – Entities that filed a cable operator and/or capacity holder report. Table 2 Number of Reports Filed By Submarine Cable Operators (2019) Table 3 Submarine Cable Operator Reports (in Gbps) (2019/2021) – Information on available and planned capacity data for each U.S.-international submarine cable on an individual and regional basis. Table 4 Submarine Cable Operator Capacity Trend Data (in Gbps) – Detailed capacity trend data for each U.S.-international submarine cable. Table 5 Submarine Cable Capacity Holder Reports by Region (2019) – Information regarding capacity holder data (i.e., cable capacity leased or owned) on a regional basis. Table 6 Percentage of Total Available Capacity Reported (2019) – Information regarding the capacity reported in the cable operator reports and owned capacity in the capacity holder reports on a regional basis. Attachment A U.S.-International Submarine Cables – Landing Points by Region, Cable, and Foreign Landing Point as of December 31, 2019 Attachment B U.S.-International Submarine Cables – Landing Points by Region, Foreign Landing Point, and Cable as of December 31, 2019 Attachment C U.S.-International Submarine Cables – Landing Points by Number of Landing Points Per Country and Region and a Frequency Table Summarizing Foreign Landing Points Per Country as of December 31, 2019 Source: International Bureau, Federal Communications Commission For definitions of terms and instructions on filing procedures, please refer to the Filing Manual (Feb. 2020) For further information on current and past reports, see https://www.fcc.gov/circuit-capacity-data-us-international-submarine-cables Table 1 Section 43.82 Circuit Capacity Filers (2019) Submarine Submarine Cable Cable Capacity No.