Advancing Connectivity for Connectivity Advancing
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Cyta's Telecommunications Hub in the Eastern Mediterranean
CARRIER SERVICES Cyta’s Telecommunications Hub in the Eastern Mediterranean – a Telecommunications Corridor between Europe and the Middle East By Mr Christos Limnatitis, Manager, National and International Wholesale Market antennas, providing connectivity with major satellite systems such as Intelsat, Eutelsat, SES, Hylas, Thor, AsiaSat and Arabsat. Services offered range from satellite television on a permanent and occasional basis to international telephony, monitoring services, data and internet connectivity. The teleports also offer VSAT services, hosting services to third parties and serve as a video head-end for Cyta’s IPTV offering in the Cyprus market. Cytaglobal is particularly active in the area of international undersea fibre optic cables, providing wholesale products and services on a global basis. Taking advantage of the island’s strategic geographical position, Cytaglobal has developed an extensive undersea fibre optic cable network, which connects Cyprus with its neighbouring countries of Greece, Italy, Israel, Syria, Lebanon and Egypt and thereafter with the rest of the world. This cable network, uses state-of-the-art technology By Mr Christos Limnatitis, and full restoration and diversity and includes the following Manager, National and International Wholesale Market submarine fibre optic cable systems that land in Cyprus, at three separate Cytaglobal cable landing stations, namely yta, the leading telecommunications operator Ayia Napa, Pentaskhinos and Yeroskipos: in Cyprus, provides the full spectrum of ARIEL – a private cable subsystem consisting of a fibre Cadvanced telecommunication products and pair between Cyprus and Israel providing connectivity to services, covering fixed and mobile voice and data Israel and extending beyond to Western Europe through communications, Internet, IPTV, broadband and other existing networks. -
Anchoring the African Internet Ecosystem
Anchoring the African Internet Ecosystem Anchoring the African Internet Ecosystem: Lessons from Kenya and Nigeria’s Internet Exchange Point Growth By Michael Kende June 2020 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 internetsociety.org 1 Anchoring the African Internet Ecosystem Table of contents 3 Executive summary 6 Background: A vision for Africa 8 Introduction: How to get there from here 13 Success stories: Kenya and Nigeria today 18 Results that stand the test of time 20 Change factors: Replicable steps toward measurable outcomes 27 Market gaps 29 Recommendations 33 Conclusions 34 Annex A: Kenya Internet Exchange Point 35 Annex B: Internet Exchange Point of Nigeria 36 Annex C: Acknowledgments 37 Annex D: Glossary of terms 38 Annex E: List of figures and tables CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 internetsociety.org 2 Anchoring the African Internet Ecosystem Executive summary In 2010, the Internet Society’s team in Africa set an The rapid pace of Internet ecosystem ambitious goal that 80% of African Internet traffic development in both Kenya and Nigeria since would be locally accessible by 2020. 2012 underscores the critical role that IXPs Internet Exchange Points (IXPs) are key to realizing and the accompanying infrastructure play in this goal in that they enable local traffic exchange and the establishment of strong and sustainable access to content. To document this role, in 2012, the Internet ecosystems. Internet Society commissioned a study to identify and quantify the significant benefits of two leading African This development produces significant day-to-day IXPs at the time: KIXP in Kenya and IXPN in Nigeria. value—the present COVID-19 crisis magnifies one such The Internet Society is pleased to publish this update benefit in the smooth accommodation of sudden of the original study. -
Tds National Reports Itu Telecom World 2003 and Canton Ofgeneva Hosted by Therepublic
2003 ORLD W ELECOM TDS NATIONAL REPORTS TDS NATIONAL International Telecommunication Union Place des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland Tel.: +41 22 730 6161 – Fax: +41 22 730 6444 E-mail: [email protected] TDS NATIONAL REPORTS TDS NATIONAL ITU T HOSTED BY THE REPUBLIC www.itu.int/itutelecom AND CANTON OF GENEVA TDS NATIONAL REPORTS The Republic and Canton of Geneva sponsors of the Telecom Development Symposium (TDS) Table of contents Page Page Albania ................................................. 1 Moldova................................................ 145 Angola .................................................. 5 Mongolia............................................... 147 Armenia................................................ 9 Myanmar .............................................. 155 Bangladesh .......................................... 11 Nepal .................................................... 159 Benin .................................................... 17 Nicaragua ............................................. 165 Bhutan.................................................. 21 Pakistan................................................ 167 Bosnia and Herzegovina ...................... 27 Papua New Guinea .............................. 179 Burkina Faso ........................................ 31 Paraguay .............................................. 183 Burundi................................................. 41 Cambodia............................................. 43 Peru ................................................... -
Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, D.C
Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, D.C. In the Matter of EDGE CABLE HOLDINGS USA, LLC, File No. SCL-LIC-2020-____________ AQUA COMMS (AMERICAS) INC., AQUA COMMS (IRELAND) LIMITED, CABLE & WIRELESS AMERICAS SYSTEMS, INC., AND MICROSOFT INFRASTRUCTURE GROUP, LLC, Application for a License to Land and Operate a Private Fiber-Optic Submarine Cable System Connecting the United States, the United Kingdom, and France, to Be Known as THE AMITIÉ CABLE SYSTEM JOINT APPLICATION FOR CABLE LANDING LICENSE— STREAMLINED PROCESSING REQUESTED Pursuant to 47 U.S.C. § 34, Executive Order No. 10,530, and 47 C.F.R. § 1.767, Edge Cable Holdings USA, LLC (“Edge USA”), Aqua Comms (Americas) Inc. (“Aqua Comms Americas”), Aqua Comms (Ireland) Limited (“Aqua Comms Ireland,” together with Aqua Comms Americas, “Aqua Comms”), Cable & Wireless Americas Systems, Inc. (“CWAS”), and Microsoft Infrastructure Group, LLC (“Microsoft Infrastructure”) (collectively, the “Applicants”) hereby apply for a license to land and operate within U.S. territory the Amitié system, a private fiber-optic submarine cable network connecting the United States, the United Kingdom, and France. The Applicants and their affiliates will operate the Amitié system on a non-common-carrier basis, either by providing bulk capacity to wholesale and enterprise customers on particularized terms and conditions pursuant to individualized negotiations or by using the Amitié cable system to serve their own internal business connectivity needs. The existence of robust competition on U.S.-U.K., U.S.-France, and (more broadly) U.S.-Western Europe routes obviates any need for common-carrier regulation of the system on public-interest grounds. -
Abu Dhabi NREN ME-SIG April 6 2009
Partner and participant in Global R&E networking NREN ME-SIG meeting Abu Dhabi April 6th 2009 Yves Poppe ©2008 Tata Communications, Ltd. All Rights Reserved Member of the Tata Group 125-year old largest private sector group $62.5 billion in revenues Acquired VSNL in February 2002 § VSNL acquired Tyco in Nov 2004 § VSNL acquired Teleglobe in Feb 2006 Teleglobe, Tyco, VSNL and VSNL International become Tata Communications on February 13th 2008 Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) Cofounder and major shareholder in Neotel South Africa GROUP COMPANIES • Annual Spend ~ USD 85 Mn: 66% Equity of Tata Sons in Public Trusts Social Welfare Expenditure Sir Dorabji Tata Trust Sir Ratan Tata Trust budgeted before preparation of P&L account ACTIVITIES Indian Institute of Science, • Endowments for Creation of National Institutions: • Commitment to adjacent Bangalore communities incorporated in (1911) Indian Institute of Science company Articles of (1936) Tata Institute of Social Sciences Association (1941) Tata Memorial Hospital • Active volunteering (1945) Tata Institute of Fundamental programme: over 10,000 Research volunteers (1966) National Centre for the Performing Tata Institute of Fundamental • Company Examples: Research, Mumbai Arts • Development assistance in water harvesting, medical • Tata Steel: HIV / AIDS Programme - research, microfinance, bio-diversity Global Business Council Foreign scholarships - science & engineering Tata• Council for Community Initiatives winner Facilitating Role for companies’CSR activities • Triple Bottom-line Global -
March 30, 2015 by ELECTRONIC FILING Marlene H. Dortch, Secretary Federal Communications Commission 445 12Th Street, S.W. Washin
(202) 223-7323 (202) 204-7371 [email protected] March 30, 2015 BY ELECTRONIC FILING Marlene H. Dortch, Secretary Federal Communications Commission 445 12th Street, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20554 Re: Joint Application for Transfer of Control of Cable Landing Licenses from Columbus Networks, Limited to Cable & Wireless Communications Plc, File Nos. SCL-T/C-20141121-00013 and SCL-T/C-20141121-00014; Applications for Transfer of Control of Section 214 Authorizations from Columbus Networks, Limited to Cable & Wireless Communications Plc, File Nos. ITC-T/C-20141121-00304 and ITC-T/C-20141121-00307 Dear Ms. Dortch: On Thursday, March 26, 2015, the undersigned counsel and representatives of Cable & Wireless Communications Plc (“C&W”) and Columbus Networks, Limited (“CNL”) met with members of the Commission’s staff to discuss the above-cited pending applications, and in particular Digicel’s pleadings and ex parte filing in the proceeding. Doc#: US1:9949275v3 Marlene H. Dortch, Secretary 2 Attending this meeting on behalf of Cable & Wireless Communications Plc were Belinda Bradbury, General Counsel, and Simeon Irvine, Chief Executive, Wholesale. C&W outside counsel Patrick Campbell and Diane Gaylor of Paul,Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison LLP also attended. Attending on behalf of Columbus Networks, Limited were Paul Scott, President and Chief Operating Officer, Columbus Networks USA, Inc., and Victor A. Lago, Vice President of Legal Affairs, Columbus Networks USA, Inc. CNL outside counsel Ulises Pin of Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP also attended. Commission staff in attendance were, from the International Bureau, Nese Guendelsberger, Deputy Bureau Chief (by phone); Kathleen Collins, Assistant Bureau Chief; Walt Strack, Assistant Bureau Chief and Chief Economist; Howard Griboff, Acting Division Chief, Policy Division; David Krech, Associate Division Chief, Policy Division; Mark Uretsky, Senior Economist, Policy Division; Jodi Cooper, Senior Attorney, Policy Division; and, from the Office of General Counsel, James Bird. -
NETWORK I2i LIMITED
NETWORK i2i LIMITED AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2020 NETWORK i2i LIMITED Contents Page No. 1. Corporate Information 3 2. Commentary of the Directors 4 3. Certificate from the secretary 5 4. Independent Auditor’s Report 7-8 5. Financial Statements - Statement of Comprehensive Income 9 - Statement of Financial Position 10 - Statement of Changes in Equity 11 - Statement of Cash Flows 12 - Notes to Financial Statements 13-54 NETWORK i2i LIMITED CORPORATE INFORMATION Date of Appointment DIRECTORS Bashirali Abdulla Currimjee February 09, 2001 Jantina Catharina Van De Vreede May 22, 2013 Naushad Ally Sohoboo September 06, 2013 Ajay Chitkara August 24, 2015 Rajvardhan Singh Bhullar April 18, 2016 Pravin Surana January 01, 2020 ADMINISTRATOR IQ EQ Corporate Services Mauritius Ltd. AND SECRETARY 33 Edith Cavell Street Port Louis, 11324 Mauritius REGISTERED OFFICE C/o IQ EQ Corporate Services Mauritius Ltd. 33 Edith Cavell Street Port Louis, 11324 Mauritius BANKERS Standard Chartered Bank (Mauritius) Limited 19 Bank Street, 6th floor, Standard Chartered Tower, Cybercity, Ebene, Mauritius – 72201 BNP Paribas, The Netherlands Herengracht, 595 1017, CE Amsterdam AUDITOR Deloitte 7th -8th Floor, Standard Chartered Tower, 19-21 Bank Street, Cybercity, Ebene, 72201, Mauritius 3 NETWORK i2i LIMITED COMMENTARY OF THE DIRECTORS The Directors present their commentary, together with the audited financial statements of Network i2i Limited (the ‘Company ’) for the year ended Mar ch 31, 20 20 . PRINCIPAL ACTIVITY The principal activity of the Company is the operation and provision of telecommunication facilities and services utilising a network of submarine cable systems and associated terrestrial capacity. The network consists of a 3,200 kilometer cable link between Singapore and India. -
02 Eassy Submarine Cable
IMPACT ASSESSMENT CASE STUDIES FROM SOUTHERN AFRICA Compiled by Paul Scherzer SAIEA E&D Consulting Services Client: Telkom SA Southern African Institute for Environmental Assessment ... working for a better Africa ROUTING OF THE EASSy SUBMARINE CABLE, SOUTH AFRICA Compiled by Paul Scherzer E&D Consulting Services Client: Telkom SA ROUTING OF THE EASSy SUBMARINE CABLE, SOUTH AFRICA Aims of the Project Brief description of the development and alternatives considered Telkom SA operates existing submarine fibre- Submarine telecommunication cables form a vital optic telecommunication cables in South African part of the global communications network. Fibre waters from two landing locations, one on the optic cables are essentially tiny glass fibres which west coast and the other at Mtunzini on the east. transmit digital pulses converted by computers at The South Africa Far East (SAFE) submarine cable was landed at Mtunzini in 2001. The existing cable station and shore-based infrastructure at Mtunzini had capacity for an additional cable. Telkom SA proposed to land another cable, the East Africa Submarine System telecommunica- tions cable (EASSy), on the main beach of Mtunzini. The aim of the proposed EASSy cable was to Figure 2: Illustration of cables enhance telecommunication links along the east and increasing levels of armouring coast of Africa, as this region relies exclusively on satellite which is expensive and limited in capacity. each end of the cable. A typical lightweight cable has a 17 mm outer diameter and comprises a welded steel tube housing multiple fibre pairs in a stress-free environment. In order to protect the cable, depending on the level of risk, the number and diameter of armour wires surrounding the cable is increased, with a high strength double armoured cable having an outer diameter of Figure 1: Route of the proposed EASSy cable approximately 45 mm (Figure 2). -
Connecting to the World by Mohamed Assoweh BOUH CEO, Djibouti Telecom
DJIBOUTI Connecting to the world BY MOHAMED ASSOWEH BOUH CEO, DJIBOUTI TELecoM ost people would find it difficult services over state of the art networks. to locate Djibouti on a world map, To date, Djibouti Telecom has a landing facility perhaps even unaware of its location serving five submarine cables, namely Sea Me We 3, in East Africa. Bearing this in mind, EIG (Europe India Gateway), EASSY (East Africa oneM of Djibouti Telecom’s objectives has been to shed Submarine System), SEACOM and the Aden- greater international light on our country, thanks to Djibouti cable. In addition, we have two upcoming which, today its role in connecting continents is fully transcontinental cables: AAE1 (Asia-Africa-Europe acknowledged. 1) and SEA-ME-WE 5 (it will connect Singapore to We have built on our privileged geographical position France, and Djibouti will be one of the 17 landing at the crossroads of Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and points). Moreover, Djibouti Telecom Teleport provides MOHAMED ASSOWEH Europe by investing in international infrastructure that both IP connectivity, as well as backhaul services, BOUH has worked at has allowed us to develop a fully resilient international thanks to its location on DT’s fiber network. Djibouti Telecom since data network. As a result of this investment process, As the leading operator on submarine cable 1995, occupying a the Republic of Djibouti has one of Africa’s most diversity in the region, our next step has been to foster range of posts, during advanced international telecommunications networks, partnerships with regional and international companies which time he has providing it with the strongest presence in the East and to provide a diverse range of wholesale services overseen the roll out African region. -
Preliminary Identification of Pressures of the Coastal Seas in Socio-Economic Terms Gap Analysis on Data and Knowledge Deliverable Nr
PERSEUS Deliverable Nr. D2.2 Preliminary identification of pressures of the coastal seas in socio-economic terms Gap Analysis on data and knowledge Deliverable Nr. 2.2 - 1 - PERSEUS Deliverable Nr. D2.2 Project Full title Policy-oriented marine Environmental Research in the Southern EUropean Seas Project Acronym PERSEUS Grant Agreement No. 287600 Coordinator Dr. E. Papathanassiou Project start date and duration 1st January 2012, 48 months Project website www.perseus-net.eu Deliverable Nr. 2.2 Deliverable Date T11 Work Package No 2 Work Package Title Pressures and impacts at coastal level Responsible Jean François CADIOU Didier Sauzade Plan Bleu Areti Kontogianni AEGEAN Michalis Skourtos AEGEAN Dimitris Damigos AEGEAN and NTUA Aleksandar Shivarov BSNN Marta Pascual BC3 Elena Ojea BC3 Authors & Anil Markandya BC3 Benjamin Boteler Ecologic Institute Institutes Acronyms Max Grünig Ecologic Institute Shirra Freeman HU José A Jiménez UPC-LIM Herminia I. Valdemoro UPC-LIM Eduard Ariza UPC-LIM Martí Puig UPC-CERTEC Rosa Mari Darbra UPC-CERTEC Joaquim Casal UPC-CERTEC Status: Final (F) June 2013, updated August 2013 (v18) Draft (D) Revised draft (RV) Dissemination level: Public (PU) • Restricted to other program participants (PP) Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (RE) Confidential, only for members of the consortium (CO) - 2 - PERSEUS Deliverable Nr. D2.2 CONTENTS Executive summary / Abstract ............................................................................................ 13 Scope ........................................................................................................................................... -
Bharti and Reliance Jio Announce Agreement for International Data Connectivity’ Being Issued by the Company
April 23, 2013 The BSE Limited Phiroze Jeejeebhoy Towers, Dalal Street, Mumbai-400001 National Stock Exchange of India Limited Exchange Plaza C-1, Block G, Bandra Kurla Complex, Bandra (E), Mumbai-400051 Ref: Bharti Airtel Limited (532454 / BHARTIARTL) Sub: Press Release Dear Sir / Madam, We are enclosing herewith a press release titled ‘Bharti and Reliance Jio announce agreement for international data connectivity’ being issued by the Company. Kindly take the same on record. Thanking you, Sincerely Yours, For Bharti Airtel Limited Sd/- Rajendra Chopra Dy. Company Secretary Encl: As above Bharti Airtel Limited (A Bharti enterprise) Regd. & Corporate Office: Bharti Crescent, 1, Nelson Mandela Road, Vasant Kunj, Phase II, New Delhi 110 070 T.: +91-11-4166 6100, F: +91-11-4166 6137 Bharti and Reliance Jio announce agreement for international data connectivity • Reliance Jio to utilise dedicated fiber pair on Bharti’s i2i submarine cable that connects India and Singapore • State-of-the-art i2i cable system will provide Reliance Jio direct access and ultra fast connectivity to major hubs across Asia Pacific New Delhi, April 23, 2013 – Bharti Airtel Limited (“Bharti”), a leading global telecom services provider with operation s in 20 countries across Asia and Africa, and Reliance Jio Infocomm Limited (“Reliance Jio”) today announced that they have signed an Indefeasible Right to Use (IRU) Agreement, under which Bharti will provide Reliance Jio data capacity on its i2i submarine cable. i2i connects India to Singapore and is wholly owned by B harti. The state -of-the-art cable consists of eight fiber pairs using DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing) , capable of supporting multiple terabits of capacity per fiber pair. -
Cyta's Stabilising the Region's Telecommunication Needs, Khaleej
CYPRUS Stabilising the region’s telecommunication needs Cytaglobal implements state- com Italia Sparkle announced a new KIMONAS subsea cable subsystem that of-the-art networks to link links Cyprus and Crete. KIMONAS is Cyta’s Cyprus and neighbouring first wholly-owned optical fibre cable subsystem that connects Cyprus and Greece. countries to the world The subsystem, which connects Cyta’s cable station in Pentaskhinos with MedNautilus Cyta, a leading telecommunications opera- Cable Station in Chania, complements tor in Cyprus, provides the full spectrum of alternative Cyta’s segments on the advanced telecommunication products and MedNautilus subsea cable network, and in services, covering fixed and mobile voice particular, the MINERVA and ATHENA and data communications, Internet, IPTV, rings that connect Cyprus with Sicily, and broadband and value added services. Athens with Crete, respectively. Cytaglobal, a strategic business unit under Extending to Athens through the ATHENA Cyta's National and International Wholesale ring and beyond to Bulgaria via Thessalon- Market Division, manages related activities iki, by utilising fibre infrastructure of whol- and specialises in providing global electron- network that connects Cyprus with neigh- ly-owned subsidiary Cyta Hellas in Greece, ic communication products and services. bouring countries including Greece, Italy, KIMONAS will facilitate the creation of a new The organisation operates an extensive Syria, Lebanon, Egypt, and thereafter with telecommunications corridor, connecting satellite network with three teleport sites, the rest of the world. the Balkans and Central Europe with Egypt and more than 30 major satellite antennas, This cable network uses state-of-the-art and other Middle East destinations, via providing connectivity with major satellite technology, full restoration and diversity, Cyprus.