DOCSLIB.ORG

Global Infrastructure Map Switz

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Global Infrastructure Map Switz Greenland Iceland Sweden Russia Finland Faroe Is. Norway Estonia Latvia United Kingdom Denmark TEA Canada TEA Lanis-3 Lithuania ERA Lanis-2 Lanis-1 ERA Belarus TEA-3 Ireland Netherlands Concerto Poland Solas Germany TEA-3 Belgium Czech Rep. TEA-3 PC-1 Lux. EPEG Slovakia Ukraine PC-1 Tata TGN-Pacific GTT Atlantic Tata TGN-Pacific Tata TGN-Pacific GTT Atlantic HUGO Tata TGN-Pacific Liech. Moldova Kazakhstan Austria Trans-Pacific Express France Switz. Hungary Trans-Pacific Express FASTER Slovenia FASTER Romania Mongolia TEA Japan-U.S. Japan-U.S. Apollo Tata TGN- Croatia Western Europe PC-1 EPEG PC-1 Unity/EAC-Pacific Bos. & Herz. TEA Unity/EAC-Pacific Serbia Italy Mont. PC-1 TataTGN-Pacific FLAG Atlantic-1 Uzbekistan 2Africa Kos. Bulgaria FLAG Atlantic-1 Andorra Apollo Georgia AAE-1 Macedonia Kyrgyzstan EIG 2023 2023 IMEWE Hawk Albania Armenia Azerbaijan Portugal SeaMeWe-5 North 2Africa 2Africa SeaMeWe-3 Tata TGN-Western Europe TGN-Western Tata GLO-1 GLO-1 Europe India Gatway Gatway India Europe FLAG Europe-Asia FLAG SeaMeWe-4 Turkey Turkmenistan Greece Korea Spain MedNautilus VMSCS United States Tajikistan Japan-U.S. South EAC-C2C Korea Japan Malta MedNautilus Cyprus Syria Tunisia China Lebanon TEA TPE Afghanistan ERA SouthernHawaiki Cross WACS Iraq Iran Bermuda AAE-1 EIG Palestinian Terr. Japan-U.S. Morocco EPEG SAT-3/WASC TE North Israel Jordan TGN-Eurasia SEACOM Pakistan Alexandros Kuwait TPE Asia-America Gateway Nepal Japan-U.S. FALCON AJC Algeria TEA APCN-2 EAC-C2C Southern Cross Libya AAE-1 OMRAN/EPEG Bhutan Egypt Bahrain ASE/Cahaya Malaysia FOG Bahamas EIG Qatar FLAG/REACH NAL MENA/GBI EAC-C2C Pacific Bangladesh Mexico W. Sahara AAE-1 United Arab Taiwan Atlantic Saudi Arabia Emirates India Hong Kong Tata TGN-Intra Asia Japan-U.S. SJC SeaMeWe-3 Tata TGN-Pacific SeaMeWe-4 Macau Asia-America Gateway Cuba Oman Myanmar IMEWE EIG Ocean Vietnam SeaMeWe-5 Laos Haiti Dominican Mauritania SeaMeWe-4 FEA Rep. EASSy SeaMeWe-3 APCN-2 Ocean FEA SJC Belize AAE-1 AAG Puerto Mali FALCON AAE-1 Maya-1 Niger Jamaica Rico Cape Chad FALCON APG Verde Eritrea Yemen SeaMeWe-5 EAC-C2C ASE Asia-America Gateway Thailand APCN-2 Asia-America Gateway Guatemala Honduras Senegal Sudan SeaMeWe-4 Gambia Cambodia El Salvador BBG Guam Nicaragua Guinea Bissau Burkina Faso Nigeria Djibouti i2icn FEA Guinea Tata TGN-Tata Indicom AAG Costa Rica Benin TGN-IA Philippines SeaMeWe-3 EAC-C2C Ivory Togo Sri Panama Venezuela Sierra Leone Coast Ghana South Lanka Hawaiki Central Ethiopia SeaMeWe-5 Palau Micronesia SouthernCross Sudan Guyana African Rep. FLAG Europe-Asia Marshall Is. Liberia Cameroon SeaMeWe-3 PPC-1 Southern Cross BBG 2023 AJC Suriname EASSy French AAE-1 Brunei Colombia GLO-1 Somalia Guiana 2Africa SAT-3/WASC Kiribati Maldives Malaysia Eq. Guinea Uganda WACS Kenya Singapore Congo Democratic JAKABARE Ecuador 2Africa 2023 Sao Tome Gabon and Principe Republic Rwanda Indonesia of Congo Burundi Tanzania Seychelles Papua H2 Cable [2022] New Guinea Solomon Is. Peru East Timor Tuvalu SAFE Comoros Brazil Samoa Angola Malawi PPC-1 Zambia American Vanuatu Samoa Saint Helena Bolivia Fiji 2Africa WACS SAT-3/WASC Mozambique Indigo-West AJC Fr. Polynesia Mauritius SeaMeWe-3 2023 Zimbabwe Madagascar Namibia New SouthernCross Pacific Reunion Caledonia Tonga Botswana Ocean Chile Paraguay Indian Australia Southern Cross Swaziland SAFE Ocean Lesotho South Africa Argentina Hawaiki Uruguay Southern Cross Tasman Global Access Indigo-Central SAFE New Zealand Falkland Is. Global Infrastructure Map Switz. Slovenia Romania Tata TGN- France Croatia Western Europe EPEG Bos. & Herz. Serbia Italy Mont. 2Africa Kos. Bulgaria Uzbekistan Andorra Georgia Africa AAE-1 Macedonia 2023 EIG 2023 IMEWE Hawk Portugal SeaMeWe-5 Albania Armenia Azerbaijan SeaMeWe-3 2Africa TataTGN-Western Europe ACE GLO-1 GLO-1 FLAG Europe-Asia FLAG Europe India Gatway Gatway India Europe SeaMeWe-4 Turkey Greece Spain MedNautilus VMSCS Turkmenistan Malta MedNautilus About Vodafone Cyprus Syria Tunisia Lebanon Afghanistan WACS Iraq Iran AAE-1 EIG Palestinian Terr. Vodafone is one of the world’s largest Morocco EPEG SAT-3/WASC TE North Israel Jordan TGN-Eurasia telecommunications companies and provides SEACOM Pakistan Alexandros Kuwait a range of services including voice, messaging, FALCON Algeria Libya data and fixed communications. AAE-1 OMRAN/EPEG Egypt Bahrain FOG EIG Qatar MENA/GBI Vodafone has mobile operations in 26 countries, W. Sahara AAE-1 United Arab Saudi Arabia Emirates partners with mobile networks in 57 more, SeaMeWe-3 OmanSeaMeWe-4 IMEWE EIG and fixed broadband operations in 17 markets. SeaMeWe-5 Mauritania SeaMeWe-4 FEA EASSy SeaMeWe-3 FEA For more information, please visit Mali Niger FALCON Cape Chad FALCON www.vodafone.com. Verde Eritrea Yemen SeaMeWe-5 Senegal Sudan Gambia Guinea Bissau Burkina Faso Nigeria Djibouti For more information about our services, email Guinea Benin [email protected]. Ivory Togo Sierra Leone Coast Ghana Central South Ethiopia African Rep. Sudan Liberia Cameroon 2023 EASSy 2Africa GLO-1 Somalia SAT-3/WASC Eq. Guinea Uganda Kenya WACS Congo 2Africa 2023 Sao Tome Gabon Democratic and Principe Republic Rwanda Legend of Congo Burundi Vodafone Operating Company Tanzania Seychelles Vodafone Partner Presence and/or Operator Licence International Terrestrial Network Comoros National Terrestrial Network Malawi Submarine Cable Network Angola Point of Presence (PoP)* Zambia Saint Helena *For services at PoP locations, visit globalnetworkmap.vodafone.com 2Africa WACS SAT-3/WASC Mozambique Mauritius 2023 Zimbabwe Namibia Madagascar Botswana Reunion © Vodafone Group 2021. Swaziland This document is issued by Vodafone in confidence and is not to be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of Vodafone. Vodafone SAFE and the Vodafone logos are trademarks of the Vodafone Group. The Lesotho information contained in this publication is correct at time of going to print on 15 January 2021. Such information may be subject to change, and services may South Africa be modified supplemented or withdrawn by Vodafone without prior notice. All services are subject to terms and conditions, copies of which may be obtained on request. SAFE Faroe Is. Finland Norway Europe Sweden Estonia Latvia United Kingdom Denmark Lanis-3 Lithuania ERA Lanis-2 Lanis-1 Belarus Ireland Netherlands Concerto Poland Solas Germany TEA-3 Belgium Czech Rep. Lux. EPEG Slovakia Ukraine HUGO Liech. Moldova Austria Switz. Hungary France Slovenia Romania Tata TGN- Croatia Western Europe EPEG Bos. & Herz. Serbia Italy Mont. 2Africa Kos. Bulgaria Andorra Georgia AAE-1 2023 Macedonia EIG 2023 IMEWE AzerbaiJan Hawk Albania Portugal SeaMeWe-5 Armenia ACE 2Africa 2Africa TataTGN-Western Europe SeaMeWe-3 GLO-1 GLO-1 FLAG Europe-Asia FLAG Europe India Gatway Gatway India Europe Turkey SeaMeWe-4 Greece Spain MedNautilus VMSCS Malta MedNautilus Cyprus Syria Tunisia Lebanon Iraq WACS AAE-1 EIG Palestinian Terr. Greenland North & South America Iceland Sweden Finland Faroe Is. Norway Estonia Denmark Latvia Canada United Kingdom Lanis-3 Lithuania Lanis-2 Lanis-1 Belarus Ireland Netherlands Concerto Poland Solas Germany Belgium TEA-3 Czech Rep. PC-1 PC-1 Lux. EPEG Slovakia Ukraine Tata TGN-Pacific Tata TGN-Pacific GTT Atlantic Tata TGN-Pacific Tata TGN-Pacific GTT Atlantic HUGO Liech. Moldova Austria Trans-Pacific Express Trans-Pacific Express Switz. Hungary France Slovenia FASTER FASTER Romania Japan-U.S. Japan-U.S. Apollo Tata TGN- Croatia PC-1 PC-1 Western Europe Unity/EAC-Pacific Unity/EAC-Pacific Bos. & Herz. Serbia Italy Mont. PC-1 TataTGN-Pacific FLAG Atlantic-1 Kos. Bulgaria FLAG Atlantic-1 Andorra Apollo AAE-1 Macedonia EIG 2023 IMEWE Portugal Hawk SeaMeWe-5 Albania SeaMeWe-3 ACE Tata TGN-Western Europe TGN-Western Tata 2Africa GLO-1 GLO-1 FLAG Europe-Asia FLAG Europe India Gatway Gatway India Europe SeaMeWe-4 Greece Spain MedNautilus United States VMSCS Turkey Japan-U.S. MedNautilus Malta Cyprus Tunisia Lebanon SouthernHawaiki Cross WACS Bermuda AAE-1 Japan-U.S. Morocco EIG SAT-3/WASC TE North Israel TGN-Eurasia Jordan SEACOM Alexandros Asia-America Gateway Japan-U.S. AJC APCN-2 EAC-C2C Algeria Southern Cross Libya Egypt ASE/Cahaya Malaysia FLAG/REACH NAL Bahamas EIG EAC-C2C Pacific MENA/GBI Mexico W. Sahara AAE-1 Tata TGN-Intra Asia Atlantic SJC Japan-U.S. Tata TGN-Pacific Ocean Asia-America Gateway Cuba Haiti Dominican Mauritania Rep. Ocean Belize Puerto Mali Maya-1 Jamaica Rico Cape Niger Chad Asia-America Gateway Verde Asia-America Gateway Guatemala Honduras Senegal Sudan El Salvador Gambia Nicaragua Guinea Bissau Burkina Faso Nigeria Costa Rica Guinea Benin Ivory Togo Panama Venezuela Sierra Leone Coast Ghana South Hawaiki Central SouthernCross Sudan Guyana African Rep. PPC-1 Liberia Cameroon Southern Cross AJC Suriname French Colombia Guiana GLO-1 SAT-3/WASC Kenya Kiribati Eq. Guinea Uganda WACS Congo Democratic Ecuador 2Africa 2023 Sao Tome Gabon and Principe Republic Rwanda of Congo Burundi Tanzania H2 Cable [2022] Peru Brazil Samoa Angola Malawi PPC-1 Zambia American Samoa Saint Helena Bolivia 2Africa WACS SAT-3/WASC AJC Fr. Polynesia 2023 Zimbabwe Namibia Mozambique SouthernCross Pacific Tonga Botswana Ocean Chile Paraguay Southern Cross Swaziland Lesotho South Africa Hawaiki Argentina Uruguay Southern Cross Tasman Global Access Indigo-Central SAFE Falkland Is. EPEG Uzbekistan India Georgia Kyrgyzstan Armenia Azerbaijan Turkmenistan Tajikistan China TEA Iraq Iran Afghanistan ERA EPEG Pakistan Kuwait Nepal FALCON TEA AAE-1 OMRAN/EPEG Bhutan Bahrain Qatar FOG Bangladesh United Arab Saudi Arabia Emirates India Hong Kong SeaMeWe-3 Macau OmanSeaMeWe-4 Myanmar IMEWE EIG Vietnam SeaMeWe-5 Laos SeaMeWe-4 FEA SeaMeWe-3 APCN-2 FEA AAE-1 AAG FALCON AAE-1 FALCON APG Yemen SeaMeWe-5 EAC-C2C Thailand APCN-2 SeaMeWe-4 Cambodia BBG i2icn FEA Tata TGN-Tata Indicom AAG SeaMeWe-3 Sri Lanka SeaMeWe-5 FLAG Europe-Asia SeaMeWe-3 BBG 2023 Brunei EASSy AAE-1 Somalia 2Africa Maldives Malaysia Singapore JAKABARE Indonesia Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan North Korea Tajikistan Asia & Oceania South EAC-C2C Korea Japan China TEA TPE Iran Afghanistan ERA Japan-U.S.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Boosting Productivity in the Services Sector
    Boosting productivity in the services sector May 2014 The Productivity Commission aims to provide insightful, well-informed and accessible advice that leads to the best possible improvement in the wellbeing of New Zealanders. Boosting productivity in the services sector May 2014 ii Boosting productivity in the services sector The New Zealand Productivity Commission Date: May 2014 The Commission – an independent Crown entity – completes in-depth inquiry reports on topics that the Government selects, carries out productivity-related research and promotes understanding of productivity issues. The Commission’s work is guided by the New Zealand Productivity Commission Act 2010. You can find information on the Commission at www.productivity.govt.nz, or by calling +64 4 903 5150. Disclaimer The contents of this report must not be construed as legal advice. The Commission does not accept any responsibility or liability for an action taken as a result of reading, or reliance placed because of having read any part, or all, of the information in this report. The Commission does not accept any responsibility or liability for any error, inadequacy, deficiency, flaw in or omission from this report. Where the source of statistics is the Longitudinal Business Database, these are not official statistics; they have been created for research purposes from the Integrated Data Infrastructure (IDI), managed by Statistics New Zealand. The opinions, findings, recommendations, and conclusions expressed in this report are those of the Productivity Commission, not Statistics New Zealand. Access to the anonymised data used in this study was provided by Statistics New Zealand in accordance with security and confidentiality provisions of the Statistics Act 1975.
    [Show full text]
  • Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, D.C
    Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20554 In the Matter of ) ) GU HOLDINGS INC. and EDGE CABLE ) File Nos. SCL-LIC-2020_________ HOLDINGS USA, LLC ) ) Application for a License to Construct, Land, ) and Operate the Pacific Light Cable Network ) to Connect the United States to Taiwan and ) the Philippines ) APPLICATION FOR A CABLE LANDING LICENSE (STREAMLINED PROCESSING REQUESTED) Pursuant to the Act Relating to the Landing and Operation of Submarine Cables in the United States, 47 U.S.C. §§ 34-39, Executive Order 10,530, and 47 C.F.R. § 1.767, GU Holdings Inc. (“GU Holdings”) and Edge Cable Holdings USA, LLC (“Edge USA”) (together, the “Applicants”), request a license to construct, land, and operate a high-capacity fiber-optic submarine cable system connecting the United States to Taiwan and the Philippines. For purposes of this application, the system is referred to as the Pacific Light Cable Network (“PLCN”). PLCN will be made up of the following elements: ● The fiber pair owned by GU Holdings and its affiliates connecting the United States to Branching Unit 2 (Fiber Pair 2 on each of Segments S1.1.1, S1.1.2, and S1.2 1); ● The branch owned by GU Holdings’ affiliates connecting Taiwan to Branching Unit 1, including the two fiber pairs on that branch (Segment S2); ● The fiber pair owned by Edge USA and its affiliates connecting the United States to Branching Unit 2 (Fiber Pair 1 on each of Segments S1.1.1, S1.1.2, and S1.2); ● The branch owned by Edge USA’s affiliates connecting Baler, Philippines, to 1 For segment references, see Appendix A hereto.
    [Show full text]
  • Anchoring the African Internet Ecosystem
    Anchoring the African Internet Ecosystem Anchoring the African Internet Ecosystem: Lessons from Kenya and Nigeria’s Internet Exchange Point Growth By Michael Kende June 2020 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 internetsociety.org 1 Anchoring the African Internet Ecosystem Table of contents 3 Executive summary 6 Background: A vision for Africa 8 Introduction: How to get there from here 13 Success stories: Kenya and Nigeria today 18 Results that stand the test of time 20 Change factors: Replicable steps toward measurable outcomes 27 Market gaps 29 Recommendations 33 Conclusions 34 Annex A: Kenya Internet Exchange Point 35 Annex B: Internet Exchange Point of Nigeria 36 Annex C: Acknowledgments 37 Annex D: Glossary of terms 38 Annex E: List of figures and tables CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 internetsociety.org 2 Anchoring the African Internet Ecosystem Executive summary In 2010, the Internet Society’s team in Africa set an The rapid pace of Internet ecosystem ambitious goal that 80% of African Internet traffic development in both Kenya and Nigeria since would be locally accessible by 2020. 2012 underscores the critical role that IXPs Internet Exchange Points (IXPs) are key to realizing and the accompanying infrastructure play in this goal in that they enable local traffic exchange and the establishment of strong and sustainable access to content. To document this role, in 2012, the Internet ecosystems. Internet Society commissioned a study to identify and quantify the significant benefits of two leading African This development produces significant day-to-day IXPs at the time: KIXP in Kenya and IXPN in Nigeria. value—the present COVID-19 crisis magnifies one such The Internet Society is pleased to publish this update benefit in the smooth accommodation of sudden of the original study.
    [Show full text]
  • 2013 Annual Telecommunications Monitoring Report
    ISSN 1179-724X Project no. 13.3/10147 Public Annual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2013 Telecommunications monitoring report Date: May 2014 2 CONTENTS Executive Summary 3 Introduction 5 Purpose of this report 5 Data sources 5 Market overview 6 TelstraClear disappears 6 UFB drives up telecommunications investment 6 Broadband connections continue to grow 8 Calling volumes converging 10 Total revenue rise not sustained 11 Fixed-line and mobile markets show similar levels of concentration 12 Retail fixed-line market 14 Market overview 14 Fall in local calling accelerates 15 Most fixed-line revenues continue to fall 17 Telecom’s retail voice share continues to slip, including wholesale 18 Consolidation in broadband market 19 Lift in average broadband speed 21 Retail mobile market 23 Market overview 23 Rising data revenues underpin modest growth 24 Mobile voice minutes resume upward trend 25 Off-net calling becomes more popular 26 Texting appears to have peaked 28 Competition progressing in prepay but not much in business 30 The telecommunications consumer – from smartphone to smart living 33 How much appetite do users have for data and speed? 34 What drives consumption? 38 What is the impact on citizens’ welfare and New Zealand’s economic growth? 44 Challenges of digital life 50 The 2013 year in review 52 List of defined terms and abbreviations 57 3 Executive Summary This is the Commerce Commission’s seventh annual telecommunications market monitoring report. It is produced as part of the Commission’s on-going monitoring of the evolution of competition in the telecommunications sector in New Zealand. We have included two infographics showing how the telecommunications market is delivering more to consumers and helping to drive the economy.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Meeting
    Volume 97 | Number 5 Volume VOLUME 97 NOVEMBER 2017 NUMBER 5 SUPPLEMENT SIXTY-SIXTH ANNUAL MEETING November 5–9, 2017 The Baltimore Convention Center | Baltimore, Maryland USA The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene The American Journal of Tropical astmh.org ajtmh.org #TropMed17 Supplement to The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ASTMH FP Cover 17.indd 1-3 10/11/17 1:48 PM Welcome to TropMed17, our yearly assembly for stimulating research, clinical advances, special lectures, guests and bonus events. Our keynote speaker this year is Dr. Paul Farmer, Co-founder and Chief Strategist of Partners In Health (PIH). In addition, Dr. Anthony Fauci, Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, will deliver a plenary session Thursday, November 9. Other highlighted speakers include Dr. Scott O’Neill, who will deliver the Fred L. Soper Lecture; Dr. Claudio F. Lanata, the Vincenzo Marcolongo Memorial Lecture; and Dr. Jane Cardosa, the Commemorative Fund Lecture. We are pleased to announce that this year’s offerings extend beyond communicating top-rated science to direct service to the global community and a number of novel events: • Get a Shot. Give a Shot.® Through Walgreens’ Get a Shot. Give a Shot.® campaign, you can not only receive your free flu shot, but also provide a lifesaving vaccine to a child in need via the UN Foundation’s Shot@Life campaign. • Under the Net. Walk in the shoes of a young girl living in a refugee camp through the virtual reality experience presented by UN Foundation’s Nothing But Nets campaign.
    [Show full text]
  • Optical Fibre Submarine Systems
    Optical fibre submarine GREENLAND systems D N ALASKA A (USA) ICELAND L Umeå N Vestmannaeyjar BOTNIA I Vaasa F Faroes SWEDEN Rauma RUSSIA 6 x 622 Turku Hallstavik Whittier Valdez Karst 2 + 1 x 2.5 Gbit/s Norrtälje Kingisepp Seward Tallin NORWAY ESTONIA U N Lena I 2 x 560 LATVIA CANTAT-3 T point AC-1 E DENMARK CANADA D Westerland LITHUANIA Northstar 2 x 4 (WDM) x 2.5 Gbit/s TAT-14 K I N REP. OF IRELAND G BELORUSSIA TAT-10 2 + 1 x 560 D S D Norden/ N O LA Grossheide ER POLAND M TH NE GERMANY Gemini North 2 x 6 (WDM) x 2.5 Gbit/s BELGIUM CZECH Dieppe REP. Port UKRAINE Alberni NPC 3 + 1 x 420 St Brieuc SLOVAK REP. M O KAZAKHSTAN L FRANCE D Seattle AC-1 AUSTRIA A V TPC-5 2 x 5 Gbit/s HUNGARY I Tillamook PTAT-1 3 + 1 x 420 Gbit/s SWITZ. I A A Odessa DM) x 2.5 St Hilaire de Riez SLOVEN 2 x 6 (W MONGOLIA i South FLAG Atlantic-1 160 Gbit/s emin CROATIA ROMANIA Pacific G Y I U Novorossijsk City Pennant Point HERZEGOVINABOSNIA- G s T O 2.5 SochiGbit/s PC-1 Medway Harbour Gbit/ S x 5 L TAT-11 3 DxM 560) A Varna Shirley x 3 (W A V Nakhodka TAT-12 2 x 3 (WDM) x 5 Gbit/s 2 I GEORGIA Ishikati TAT-13 A BULGARIA UZBEKISTAN Rhode Island F L PC-1 L ALBANIA Poti A KYRGYZSTAN N Long Island G Y TAT-9 2 + 1 x 560 ARMENIA AZERBAIJAN New York MACEDONIA TURKMENISTAN NORTH Bandon TAT-8 2 x 280 Istanbul KOREA FLAG Atlantic-1 160 Gbit/s Azores SPAIN E R-J-K C 2 x 560 0 EE 6 R 5 G Dalian A CANUS-1 TAT-14 PORTUGAL TURKEY JIH CableProject Japan-US Manasquan Lisbon UNITED STATES 3x TAJIKISTAN Point Sesimbra PC-1 Arena Tuckerton Marmaris Yantaï SOUTH P TPC-4 2 x 560 A S
    [Show full text]
  • Grammar for Academic Writing
    GRAMMAR FOR ACADEMIC WRITING Tony Lynch and Kenneth Anderson (revised & updated by Anthony Elloway) © 2013 English Language Teaching Centre University of Edinburgh GRAMMAR FOR ACADEMIC WRITING Contents Unit 1 PACKAGING INFORMATION 1 Punctuation 1 Grammatical construction of the sentence 2 Types of clause 3 Grammar: rules and resources 4 Ways of packaging information in sentences 5 Linking markers 6 Relative clauses 8 Paragraphing 9 Extended Writing Task (Task 1.13 or 1.14) 11 Study Notes on Unit 12 Unit 2 INFORMATION SEQUENCE: Describing 16 Ordering the information 16 Describing a system 20 Describing procedures 21 A general procedure 22 Describing causal relationships 22 Extended Writing Task (Task 2.7 or 2.8 or 2.9 or 2.11) 24 Study Notes on Unit 25 Unit 3 INDIRECTNESS: Making requests 27 Written requests 28 Would 30 The language of requests 33 Expressing a problem 34 Extended Writing Task (Task 3.11 or 3.12) 35 Study Notes on Unit 36 Unit 4 THE FUTURE: Predicting and proposing 40 Verb forms 40 Will and Going to in speech and writing 43 Verbs of intention 44 Non-verb forms 45 Extended Writing Task (Task 4.10 or 4.11) 46 Study Notes on Unit 47 ii GRAMMAR FOR ACADEMIC WRITING Unit 5 THE PAST: Reporting 49 Past versus Present 50 Past versus Present Perfect 51 Past versus Past Perfect 54 Reported speech 56 Extended Writing Task (Task 5.11 or 5.12) 59 Study Notes on Unit 60 Unit 6 BEING CONCISE: Using nouns and adverbs 64 Packaging ideas: clauses and noun phrases 65 Compressing noun phrases 68 ‘Summarising’ nouns 71 Extended Writing Task (Task 6.13) 73 Study Notes on Unit 74 Unit 7 SPECULATING: Conditionals and modals 77 Drawing conclusions 77 Modal verbs 78 Would 79 Alternative conditionals 80 Speculating about the past 81 Would have 83 Making recommendations 84 Extended Writing Task (Task 7.13) 86 Study Notes on Unit 87 iii GRAMMAR FOR ACADEMIC WRITING Introduction Grammar for Academic Writing provides a selective overview of the key areas of English grammar that you need to master, in order to express yourself correctly and appropriately in academic writing.
    [Show full text]
  • Corporate Presentation
    1 Contents Company snapshot 4 Macro overview 5 Redefining our strategy 8 Our growth potential 12 Financial highlights 28 FY 2020 highlights 34 2 Disclaimer This document has been prepared by Telecom Egypt (the “Company”) solely for the use at the analyst/investor presentation, held in connection with the Company. The information contained in this document has not been independently verified. This document contains statements related to our future business and financial performance and future events or developments involving Telecom Egypt that may constitute forward-looking statements. Such statements are based on the current expectations and certain assumptions of Telecom Egypt's management, of which many are beyond Telecom Egypt's control. Such assumptions are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties. Should any of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying expectations not occur or assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may (negatively or positively) vary materially from those described explicitly or implicitly in the relevant forward-looking statement. Telecom Egypt neither intends, nor assumes any obligation, to update or revise these forward-looking statements in light of developments, which differ from those anticipated. This document does not constitute an offer or invitation to sell or issue, or any solicitation of any offer to purchase or subscribe for, any shares of the Company and neither it nor any part of it shall form the basis of, or be relied upon in connection with, any contract or commitment whatsoever. This presentation has been made to you solely for information purposes and is subject to amendment. This presentation (or any part of it) may not be reproduced or redistributed, passed on, or the contents otherwise divulged, directly or indirectly, to any other person or published in whole or in part for any purpose without the prior written consent of the Company.
    [Show full text]
  • A Blue BRICS, Maritime Security, and the South Atlantic François Vreÿ
    Contexto Internacional vol. 39(2) May/Aug 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-8529.2017390200008 A Blue BRICS, Maritime Security, and the South Atlantic François Vreÿ François Vreÿ* Abstract: Analysts frequently label the BRICS grouping of states (Brazil, India, Russia, China, and South Africa) as primarily an economic club emphasising economic performances as primary ob- jectives. Co-operation of international groupings are rarely, if ever, set within the context of their access to maritime interests, security, and benefits. A second void stems from the lack of emphasis upon the economic benefits of secured maritime domains. In this vein, a common, but neglected aspect of the BRICS grouping’s power and future influence resides in their maritime domains, the value of which ultimately depends upon the responsible governance and use of ocean territories. The maritime interests of BRICS countries only become meaningful if reinforced by maritime se- curity governance and co-operation in the respective oceans. Presently China and India seem to dominate the maritime stage of BRICS, but the South Atlantic is an often overlooked space. For BRICS the value of the South Atlantic stems from how it secures and unlocks the potential of this maritime space through co-operative ventures between Brazil, South Africa as a late BRICS partner, and West African littoral states in particular. Unfortunately, BRICS holds its own maritime tensions, as member countries also pursue competing interests at sea. Keywords: Africa; Brazil; BRICS; Maritime Security; South Atlantic; South Africa. Introduction Contemporary maritime thought prioritises matters that underpin the use of the oceans in more constructive ways, underlines the importance of co-operation, and manages the oceans in a way that promotes sustainability (Petrachenko 2012: 74).
    [Show full text]
  • KDDI Global ICT Brochure
    https://global.kddi.com KDDI-Global Networks and IT Solutions Networking, Colocation, System Integration around the world BUILDING YOUR BUSINESS TOGETHER KDDI solutions are at the cutting-edge in all fields of information and communications KDDI, a Fortune Global 500 company, is one of Asia’s largest telecommunications providers, with approximately US$48 billion in annual revenue and a proven track record extending over many years and around the world. We deliver all-round services, from mobile phones to fixed-line communications, making us your one-stop solution provider for telecommunications and IT environments. The high praise and trust enjoyed by our TELEHOUSE data centers positioned around the world have kept us at the forefront of service and quality. Since our establishment in 1953, we have expanded our presence into 28 countries and 60 cities, with over 100 offices around the world supporting the success of our international customers through our high quality services. KDDI’s mobile telephone brand “au” has achieved significant market share in Japan, one of the world’s most comprehensive KDDI Quick Facts communications markets. KDDI’s relationship with over 600 carriers worldwide enables us to provide high-quality international network services in over 190 countries. Our exciting ventures, built on extensive experience, include investment in the “South-East Asia Japan 2 Cable”, which connects 11 locations in 9 countries and territories in Asia. Moreover, as the world moves toward the age of IoT and 5G, KDDI is taking steps to promote IoT business, such as connected cars, support for companies engaged in global business, and the creation of new value for our society.
    [Show full text]
  • INTERNATIONAL BUREAU REPORT 2006 Section 43.82 Circuit Status Data
    INTERNATIONAL BUREAU REPORT 2006 Section 43.82 Circuit Status Data February 2008 Cathy Hsu Policy Division 2006 Section 43.82 Circuit Status Data Introduction This report contains information on U.S.-international facilities-based common carriers’ circuits as of year-end 2006 that was submitted to the Federal Communications Commission (Commission) by U.S. common carriers pursuant to section 43.82 of the Commission’s rules.1 In addition to the 2006 data, for comparison purposes, this report includes data from previous reports covering 2003 through 2005. Section 43.82 of the Commission’s rules directs U.S.-international facilities-based common carriers to file an international circuit status report by March 31 each year for circuits used to provide international services as of December 31 of the preceding year. The detailed filing requirements are set forth in the Manual for Filing Section 43.82 Circuit Status Data, which is available on the Commission’s Web site at http://www.fcc.gov/ib/pd/pf/csmanual.html. This report presents the Commission staff review and analysis of the information provided to the Commission by the carriers.2 The aggregated information in this report summarizes for public use information that the Commission collects for regulatory purposes. This information also serves as a database for determining and monitoring the payments that the Commission is required to collect (i.e., annual regulatory fees on active 64 Kbps-equivalent international circuits). Reporting Requirements All U.S.-international facilities-based common carriers are required to file circuit status information showing both activated (in-service) and idle (available but not in-service) capacity.
    [Show full text]
  • NETWORK I2i LIMITED
    NETWORK i2i LIMITED AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2020 NETWORK i2i LIMITED Contents Page No. 1. Corporate Information 3 2. Commentary of the Directors 4 3. Certificate from the secretary 5 4. Independent Auditor’s Report 7-8 5. Financial Statements - Statement of Comprehensive Income 9 - Statement of Financial Position 10 - Statement of Changes in Equity 11 - Statement of Cash Flows 12 - Notes to Financial Statements 13-54 NETWORK i2i LIMITED CORPORATE INFORMATION Date of Appointment DIRECTORS Bashirali Abdulla Currimjee February 09, 2001 Jantina Catharina Van De Vreede May 22, 2013 Naushad Ally Sohoboo September 06, 2013 Ajay Chitkara August 24, 2015 Rajvardhan Singh Bhullar April 18, 2016 Pravin Surana January 01, 2020 ADMINISTRATOR IQ EQ Corporate Services Mauritius Ltd. AND SECRETARY 33 Edith Cavell Street Port Louis, 11324 Mauritius REGISTERED OFFICE C/o IQ EQ Corporate Services Mauritius Ltd. 33 Edith Cavell Street Port Louis, 11324 Mauritius BANKERS Standard Chartered Bank (Mauritius) Limited 19 Bank Street, 6th floor, Standard Chartered Tower, Cybercity, Ebene, Mauritius – 72201 BNP Paribas, The Netherlands Herengracht, 595 1017, CE Amsterdam AUDITOR Deloitte 7th -8th Floor, Standard Chartered Tower, 19-21 Bank Street, Cybercity, Ebene, 72201, Mauritius 3 NETWORK i2i LIMITED COMMENTARY OF THE DIRECTORS The Directors present their commentary, together with the audited financial statements of Network i2i Limited (the ‘Company ’) for the year ended Mar ch 31, 20 20 . PRINCIPAL ACTIVITY The principal activity of the Company is the operation and provision of telecommunication facilities and services utilising a network of submarine cable systems and associated terrestrial capacity. The network consists of a 3,200 kilometer cable link between Singapore and India.
    [Show full text]