Collins Settlement Historic Site, Sorrento 1803 - First European Settlement in Victoria
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Collins Settlement Historic Site, Sorrento 1803 - First European settlement in Victoria Lieutenant-Colonel David Collins established the first official European settlement in Victoria in 1803 at Sullivan Bay, 1km east of Sorrento Township. Previously under private ownership, the State Government and public donations acquired a small part of this historic site in 1982. The 1 hectare reserve contains 4 old graves, outdoor information panels and lookouts over Port Phillip Bay. The Leggetts Way entrance gives access to the reserve on the Eastern Sister headland, which is open everyday between sunrise and sunset. (Melway map 157 G10) The background n o t e s At the beginning of the 1800s, the British government decided to establish a settlement at Port Phillip. There were several possible reasons for this including: • to forestall French occupation of the southern coastline of the Australian continent, which was regarded as part of the British Empire • to establish another centre of population in the vast, empty continent, particularly for convicts HMS Calcutta at Sullivan Bay in 1803 • to set up a base for a future fishing Painting by Commodore Dacre-Smyth p a r k industry in Bass Strait, known to be a rich source of seals and whales Victoria’s first town in the making Soon after arriving in Port Phillip in The new settlers early October, Collins chose Sullivan Lieutenant-Colonel David Collins of the Bay for the settlement, although fresh Royal Marines was appointed to be water was very scarce. Lieutenant-Governor in command of the Port Phillip expedition, which comprised Deputy Surveyor George Harris, who civil officers, 301 convicts, a contingent accompanied Collins, sketched the of marines, free settlers, wives and layout of the settlement. The 1803 children. sketches show tents and huts of the governor, chaplain, mineralogist, They sailed from Portsmouth England surveyor and two other people. They in April 1803 in two ships. HMS were situated on the Eastern Sister and Calcutta was a Royal Navy vessel of formed the administrative centre, which 1200 tons carrying 50 guns under was identified by a flagstaff. Captain Daniel Woodriff. The Ocean was a merchant vessel of The sketches also show some settlers’ only 481 tons commanded by Captain huts that stood a short distance inland John Mertho. It carried the civil from the site, the commissary (store) officials, free settlers and most of the and accommodation for the marine stores for the new colony. officers. The convicts occupied For more information call the Parks Victoria Information Centre on 13 1963 or visit our website at www.parkweb.vic.gov.au Further the flat area behind Sullivan Bay, while records including many first hand Information the surgeons camped next to the accounts of life at the settlement. Parks Victoria hospital at the foot of the Western Records show 30 people died between Information line Ph. 13 1963 Sister, then called Church Top or October 1803 and May 1804 although www.parkweb.vic.gov.au Church Hill. only four graves at the Eastern Sister are known. Parks Victoria District Office P.O. Box 400 Aborigines ROSEBUD 3939 For centuries before the arrival of Managing for the future Ph. 5986 9100 Collins, Boon wurung (Bunerong) In 1875, the Victorian Government Peninsula Visitor people had used the site on a seasonal established a small reserve to protect Information Centre basis for collecting and cooking the graves, and this now forms part of Point Nepean Road DROMANA shellfish. Shell middens on the cliff tops the Historic Site. Another small picnic Ph. 5987 3078 contain evidence of their activities. area abutting Sullivan Bay and opposite Nepean Historical Society Descendants of the Boon wurung Westmore Avenue is the site of the Museum (Bunerong) still live on the Mornington western end of the settlement’s parade Melbourne Road Peninsula. ground. SORRENTO 3943 P.O. Box 139 SORRENTO 3943 The decision to leave Following a public appeal, the State [email protected] Shortly after arriving, a party led by Government acquired part of the Friends of Collins James Tuckey was despatched to settlement site on the Eastern Sister in Settlement Sorrento Inc. explore Port Phillip Bay. It reported that 1982, and it is now managed by Parks www. collinssettlement.org.au the land was poor and there was little Victoria with community input via fresh water. Explorers failed to find the Collins Settlement Historic Site 2003 Bicentenary Yarra River. Advisory Group. During the last 20 Committee www.2003.org.au years, access has been improved, Collins decided to abandon the Sullivan landscaping work carried out, and the Bay site and move to the more indigenous vegetation of the area is promising Van Diemen’s Land. The being restored with the help of the ships Ocean and Lady Nelson left Friends of Collins Settlement Sorrento. Sullivan Bay for Hobart with most of the convicts and settlers and about half the A Future Directions Management Plan marines and civil officials on 30 January is currently being prepared by Parks 1804. The remaining settlers at the site Victoria and Mornington Peninsula stayed until 20 May, when they too left Shire Council. This plan will guide the for Van Diemen’s Land in the Ocean – future use of the total settlement site except for the escaped convict William which encompasses 2km of coastline Buckley. He lived with the Aborigines on Port Phillip Bay. The area is for more that 30 years. registered on the National Estate and has a Heritage Overlay of the local Caring for the At Hobart Town, Collins served as Planning Scheme. In May 2002, a environment Lieutenant-Governor until his death in coastal risk audit identified the Eastern March 1810. Sister cliff as unstable consequently the Help us look after this Collins Site Display Centre was closed reserve by remembering and will be removed before October these guidelines: Why Sullivan Bay is important The area is significant to the aboriginal 2003. The Eastern Sister will then be Take your rubbish home people. It is also the first attempt to stabilised, landscaped and appropriate with you settle Europeans permanently in what is interpretation signage installed. All native plants and now Victoria. John Pascoe Fawkner, a animals are protected founder of Melbourne, was at Sullivan A variety of information is available Do not walk or climb on Bay with his mother and convict father including recently published books that cliffs in 1803. are available from the Friends of Collins Settlement Sorrento Inc, Nepean Leave the reserve as you find it Because of its temporary nature and Historical Society or the internet. the passing of two centuries, little Do not disturb or remove There are no public toilets. material or items on or physical evidence of the settlement has July 2003 below the ground survived. However it is rich in written.