PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 119(2):251–258. 2006. A new species of Munidopsis (Crustacea: Decapoda: Galatheidae) from deep waters off Taiwan

Masayuki Osawa, Chia-Wei Lin, and Tin-Yam Chan* (MO) Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan, e-mail: [email protected]; (CWL and TYC) Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan, R.O.C, email: [email protected] and [email protected]

Abstract.—A new galatheid crustacean, Munidopsis latiangulata,is described on the basis of a single specimen collected from deep waters off Taiwan. This new species is close to M. orcina McArdle, 1901, but is distinguished by the nearly horizontal rostrum lacking a distinct dorsal, longitudinal ridge and by having a telson composed of ten instead of eight plates. Munidopsis latiangulata is the fifth species of the genus recorded from Taiwan.

The deep water galatheid genus Muni- apace length (cl) is measured from the dopsis Whiteaves, 1874 now contains 122 orbital margin to the posterior margin of Indo-Pacific species (Baba 2005:128 ), but the carapace along the dorsal midline. only four species have been recorded from Lengths of the segments of the chelipeds Taiwanese waters (Wu & Chan 2000, Wu are measured along the mesial margins et al. 1997). The Taiwanese species in- and of second to fourth pereopods clude M. andamanica MacGilchrist, 1905, (ambulatory legs) along the dorsal mar- M. cylindrophthalma (Alcock, 1894), M. gins. formosa Wu & Chan, 2000, and M. latimana Miyake & Baba, 1966. Munidopsis latiangulata, new species Recent deep-sea expeditions around Figs. 1–4 Taiwan have yielded an abundance of Type material.—Taiwan. TAIWAN material of Munidopsis. Among this is an 2005, RV ‘‘Fisheries Researcher I’’, stn unusual specimen with the carapace and CP 284, 24u16.349N, 122u11.679E, 2220– abdomen covered with tubercles and 2424 m, 16 June 2005, beam trawl, bearing a broad triangular rostrum. Care- holotype ovigerous female, cl 13.2 mm ful examination of the Taiwan specimen (NTOUA00804). has shown that it closely resembles M. Description.—Carapace (Fig. 1A), ex- orcina McArdle, 1901, from the Arabian cusive of rostrum, 1.2 times longer than Sea at depth of 1150 fm (2105 m), but broad; dorsal surface moderately convex differs in the structure of the rostrum and from side to side; surface covered with telson. This Taiwanese form is herein small protuberances and tubercles, mar- described as new to science. gins occasionally granulate and with The holotype of the new species is some short setae (Fig. 1B); regions well deposited in the National Taiwan Ocean delineated by furrows including distinct University (NTOU). The postorbital car- anterior and posterior cervical grooves. Median branchial region well marked. * Corresponding author. Posterior cardiac region bluntly triangu- 252 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Fig. 1. Munidopsis latiangulata, holotype, ovigerous female, cl 13.2 mm (NTOUA00804). A, carapace and abdomen, dorsal view (tubercles omitted from right side); B, tubercles on median gastric region, dorsal view; C, left, anterior part of carapace and pterygostomian flap, ocular peduncle, basal article of antennular peduncle, and antennal peduncle, lateral view; D, left frontal margin, ocular peduncle, and antennal peduncle, dorsal view; E, left, anterior part of pterygostomian flap, ocular peduncle, basal segment of antennular peduncle, and antennal peduncle, ventral view; F, anterior part of sternal plastron and proximal parts of coxae of first pereopods. Scales 5 1.0 mm. VOLUME 119, NUMBER 2 253 lar, preceded by deep transverse depres- posteromedian margin. Telson (Fig. 2A) sion on each side. Posterior margin pre- composed of 10 plates. ceded by elevated ridge of small tuber- Ocular peduncle (Fig. 1A, C–E) im- cles. Lateral margins weakly convex and movable, with short, dorsomesially placed subparallel, anterior corner truncate, eye-spine directed forward; other spines anterior end of anterior cervical groove absent; surface with small protuberances; with distinct notch, posterior cervical semicircular cornea cupped within broad- groove also with shallow notch at ante- based eyestalk. rior end. Frontal margin concavely ob- Basal segment of antennular peduncle lique behind ocular peduncle, leading to (Fig. 1C, E) with distodorsal spine slightly produced region, then nearly shorter and narrower than distolateral; transverse toward anterolateral corner distomesial margin with small tubercles of carapace. Rostrum (Fig. 1A) broad, but no dorsal spine. subtriangular, nearly horizontal in lateral Antennal peduncle (Fig. 1A, C–E) view, 0.3 length of remaining carapace, reaching tip of eye-spine. First segment terminating acutely; lateral margins with strong distomesial spine barely subparallel for proximal half and conver- reaching distal margin of second segment. gent in distal half; dorsal surface slightly Second segment armed with 2 distal convex, with numerous small protuber- spines on mesial and lateral margins, ances and tubercles but without longitu- distomesial spine very small. Third seg- dinal ridge or groove; lateral margins ment with small denticles on distal crenulate. margin. Fourth segment unarmed. Pterygostomian flap (Fig. 1C, E) with Third maxilliped (Fig. 2B) with ischi- irregular rows of small, denticulate pro- um slightly shorter than merus (when tuberances and tubercles, anteriorly end- measured on extensor margin); flexor ing in small spine. margin sharply ridged, terminating in Third sternite (Fig. 1F) moderately small blunt spine; extensor margin also broad, anterior margin divided into 2 with small blunt spine; 17 (left) or 19 lobes by deep median notch; lateral (right) corneous denticles on mesial ridge margin of each lobe convex, with small (crista dentata). Merus with short ridges tubercles. Fourth sternite (Fig. 1F) nar- on lateral surface, flexor margin with 2 rowly elongate anteriorly; lateral margin or 3 distinct spines and several smaller with row of small tubercles; surface spines, extensor margin with distal spine. depressed in midline, with short ridges Carpus slightly crenulate on extensor bearing setae on anterior part; greatest surface. Propodus and dactylus unarmed. width 2.9 times that of third sternite. Exopod far exceeding distal margin of Following sternites nearly smooth; sixth merus. and seventh sternites with numerous, thin First pereopods (Fig. 2C, D) subequal, short setae. stout relative to length, 1.4 times longer Abdomen (Fig. 1A) with numerous than postorbital carapace length, slightly small protuberances and tubercles (mar- longer than carapace, including rostrum; gins occasionally granulate) on transverse covered with small protuberances and ridges and pleura; second to fourth tubercles (occasionally with denticulate segments each with 2 elevated transverse margins) on merus to dactylus, those on ridges, but fifth and sixth segments fixed finger reduced in number; dense lacking such ridges and covered with soft plumose setae present on dorsodistal small tubercles and short setae; sixth margins and mesial surfaces of merus segment (Fig. 2A) with weakly produced and carpus, mesial and lateral surfaces of posterolateral lobes and nearly transverse palm, and mesial surface of dactylus. 254 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Fig. 2. Munidopsis latiangulata, holotype. A, posterior part of sixth abdominal segment, telson, and left uropod, extensor view; B, left third maxilliped, lateral view; C, left cheliped, dorsal view; D, same, chela, ventral view (surface structure and setae omitted). Scales 5 1.0 mm.

Ischium with strong distal spine on dorsal (lateral, dorsomesial, and ventromesial), crest; lateral and ventral surfaces with lateral and ventromesial spines promi- short granulate ridges; ventral margin nent, dorsomesial spine small. Carpus serrated, with small but distinct distal slightly broader than long, with 2 termi- spine. Merus with 3 terminal spines nal spines (dorsolateral and dorsomesial), VOLUME 119, NUMBER 2 255

Fig. 3. Munidopsis latiangulata, holotype. A, left second pereopod, lateral view; B, same, distal part of carpus and propodus, dorsal view; C, same, mesial view; D, same, distal part of propodus, ventral view (setae omitted); E, same, dactylus and distal part of propodus, lateral view (setae omitted); F, left third pereopod, lateral view (setae omitted); F, left fourth pereopod, lateral view (setae omitted). Scales 5 1.0 mm. dorsomesial spine distinct; dorsodistal opposable margins nearly straight, not and dorsomesial margins with some gaping, distally spooned; prehensile edges small, tuberculate spines. Palm massive, each with row of subtriangular teeth, moderately depressed, 1.4–1.5 length of proximal teeth obsolete; distal margins carpus, 1.3 times as long as broad each with 10 rounded or subtriangular measured at bases of fingers; dorsal teeth; fixed finger with somewhat ventral- surface with shallow sulcus along mesial ly directed carina of blunt spines on margin, tubercles somewhat upstanding distolateral surface. and subacute in lateral view; lateral Second to fourth pereopods (Fig. 3A– margin somewhat concave at base of G) moderately stout, somewhat com- fixed finger. Fingers as long as palm, pressed laterally, decreasing in size poste- 256 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON riorly; second longest, barely reaching base of finger of first pereopod; ischium to propodus with soft plumose setae mesially on dorsal and ventral margins, setae on propodus dense and long; some long simple setae also present on ventral faces of merus to propodus; dactylus with tufts of short simple setae. Merus elon- gate, subrectangular in second but ovate in third and fourth in lateral view, with row of small blunt spines on dorsal crest, terminal spine pronounced; lateral sur- face, except rounded distal lobe, covered with small protuberances or tubercles occasionally with granulate margins; ven- trolateral margin crenulate, with small distal spine on each second and third pereopod (more distinct in second) but unarmed on fourth; ventromesial distal margin without spines. Carpus with 2–4 prominent, blunt spines and some smaller spines on dorsal crest; dorsal margin terminating in small spine; lateral surface with elevated ridge of irregularly ar- ranged small tubercles somewhat dorsal- Fig. 4. Munidopsis latiangulata, holotype. Fresh ly along midline, small tubercles also animal, dorsal view. present near dorsal and ventral margins; ventrodistal margin produced, with small tubercles. Propodus, exclusive of distal Color.—Carapace, abdomen, and per- rounded projection 2.8–3.0 times as long eopods entirely white (Fig. 4). Cornea as height measured at base of distal orange– pink. Setae on pereopods grayish projection, with 2–4 prominent, blunt brown. Eggs pale orange and translucent. spines on proximal half of dorsomesial Etymology.—The specific name is margin; dorsolateral ridge with irregular a combination of the Latin, latus (5 row of small blunt spines; lateral surface broad) and angulatus (5 angular), re- with row of subacute tubercles; ventral ferring to the broad, subtriangular ros- surface with small protuberances and trum. short ridges but unarmed except for 1 Remarks.—The new species resembles or 2 corneous spines on distal margin. M. granosa Alcock, 1901, known from Dactylus 0.7–0.8 length of propodus; the Bay of Bengal and Mozambique terminal claw short, moderately curved; Channel, M. latirostris Faxon, 1895, dorsal surface with short ridges and small widely distributed in the Pacific, M. low protuberances; ventral margin nearly orcina, from the Arabian Sea, and M. straight, with 9 or 10 teeth deceasing in parfaiti (Filhol, 1885), from the north- size proximally, each with slender corne- eastern and southeastern Atlantic (see ous spine. Baba 2005, Macpherson & Segonzac Small ovate epipod present on third 2005). The characters shared by the four maxilliped (Fig. 2B) but absent from species are the broad triangular rostrum, pereopods. and the carapace and abdomen being VOLUME 119, NUMBER 2 257 spineless but covered with tubercles. ence Council, Taiwan, R.O.C. and the Munidopsis latirostris can be separated National Museum of Marine Science and from M. granosa, M. orcina, M. parfaiti, Technology, Keelung. Grateful acknowl- and M. latiangulata by having the cara- edgements are extended to Patsy A. pace with a pair of obtuse epigastric McLaughlin of the Western Washington processes. Munidopsis granosa and M. University for reading the English text parfaiti differ from the other two species and Enrique Macpherson of the Centro in the nearly straight lateral rostral de Estudios Avanzados de Blanes (CSIC) margins (vs. convex midlateral margins for reviewing the manuscript. in M. orcina and M. latiangulata); second to fourth abdominal segments each with a blunt, low median process (unarmed in Literature Cited M. orcina and M. latiangulata); ocular Alcock, A. 1894. Natural history notes from H.M. peduncle lacking a dorsomesial eye-spine; Indian Marine Survey Steamer ‘‘Investiga- spineless pereopods; and second pereo- tor’’, Commander R.F. Hoskyn, R.N., com- pods reaching the tips of the first per- manding.—Series II, No. 1. On the results of eopods (not reaching in M. orcina and M. deep-sea dredging during the season 1890–91 latiangulata). The present new species (continued).—Annals and Magazine of Nat- appears to be closely allied to M. orcina, ural History, series 6, 13:321–334. ———. 1901. A Descriptive Catalogue of the Indian which is known on the basis of a single Deep-Sea Crustacea Decapoda, Macrura and male. An attempt to borrow the holotype Anomala, in the Indian Museum. Being of M. orcina from the Zoological Survey a Revised Account of the Deep-Sea Species of India, Calcutta, was not successful. Collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Nevertheless, the original description and Ship Investigator. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 286 + iv pp., 3 pls. illustration of M. orcina (McArdle ———, & A. F. McArdle. 1902. Crustacea.–Part X, 1901:523; Alcock & McArdle 1902:pl. plates 56–67. Illustrations of the Zoology of 56, fig. 5) show that the Arabian Sea the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship In- species is distinguished from the Taiwa- vestigator, under the Command of Com- nese species by having the rostrum with mander T. H. Heming, R. N. Office of the a distinct dorsal longitudinal ridge and Superintendent of Government Printing, Cal- cutta. with the ventrally inclined distal half. In Baba, K. 2005. Deep-sea chirostylid and galatheid the Taiwanese species, the rostrum is crustaceans (Decapoda: Anomura) from the nearly horizontal and completely lacks Indo-Pacific, with a list of species.—Galathea a dorsal ridge. Moreover, the telson is Report 20:1–317. composed of ten plates in M. latiangulata Faxon, W. 1895. Reports on an exploration off the west coasts of Mexico, Central and South instead of eight plates in M. orcina.The America, and off the Galapagos Islands, etc. chelipeds of the Taiwanese specimen are XV. The stalk eyed Crustacea.—Memoirs of comparatively much stouter than those of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at the holotype male of M. orcina, but this Harvard College 18:1–292, pls. A–K, 1–56. difference may reflect sexual dimorphism. Filhol, H. 1885. La vie au fond des mers: Les The preserved holotype of M. latiangu- explorations sous-marines et les voyages du Travailleur et du Talisman. Masson ed., lata carries only eight large eggs, each Paris, viii+303 pp. measuring about 1.8 mm in diameter. MacGilchrist, A. C. 1905. Natural history notes from the R.I.M.S. ‘‘Investigator,’’ Capt. T.H. Heming, R.N. (retired), commanding.—Sries Acknowledgments III, No. 6. An account of the new and some of the rarer decapod Crustacea obtained The cruise ‘‘TAIWAN 2005’’ was during the surveying seasons 1901–1904.— supported by the Taiwan Fisheries Re- Annals and Magazine of Natural History, search Institute, Keelung, National Sci- series 7, 15:233–268. 258 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

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