The Carcinological Society of Japan

CRUSTACEAN RESEARCH, NO. 33: 92-102, 2004

A new shallow-water species of the genus Galathea (Decapoda: Anomura: Galatheidae) from the Ryukyu and Izu Islands, Japan

Masayuki Osawa

Abstract.— A new galatheid, Hachijo-jima Island in the Izu Islands, Japan. Galathea guttata, is described and Although the photographed specimen of illustrated from the Ryukyu and Izu "Galathea sp. A" could not be collected, it is Islands, Japan. This species resembles probably referable to G. spinosorostris Dana, G. amamiensis Miyake & Baba, 1966, 1852, based on the possession of white but is distinguished from that species marks along the opposable margins of the by having no spine on the third seg­ fingers of the cheliped, one of the recogni­ ment of the antennal peduncle, an epi- tion characters of this species (see pod on the second pereopod, and two Kawamoto & Okuno, 2003: 95, 156, unnum­ rounded, pale blue or white marks on bered figs.). Kato & Okuno (2001: 88) point­ the distal part of the cheliped palm. ed out that "Galathea sp. B" resembles G. amamiensis Miyake & Baba, 1966 or G. ori- entalis Stimpson, 1858 in morphology and Introduction color. The photographed specimen of Galatheid crustaceans from shallow- "Galathea sp. B" was collected and placed at water down to 50 m in depth, are mainly rep­ my disposal. resented in the Indo-West Pacific region by Three specimens of galatheids recently species of genera such as Galathea collected from shallow-waters around the Fabricius, 1793, Munida Leach, 1820, Ryukyu Islands proved to be identical with Allogalathea Baba, 1969, Phylladiorhynchus Kato & Okuno's (2001) "Galathea sp. B". Baba, 1969, Sadayoshia Baba, 1969, Lauriea Comparison between these specimens and Baba, 1971, and Coralliogalathea Baba & material of G. amamiensis at hand from the Javed, 1974 (Miyake & Baba, 1966; Baba & Ryukyu Islands disclosed that they are dis­ Javed, 1974; Baba, 1979, 1982, 1989; Osawa tinguished by the number of epipods, arma­ & Okuno, 2002). Among these, Galathea is ture of the third segment of the antennal most speciose and composed of approxi­ peduncles, and color pattern of the palm of mately 20 species. the cheliped. This paper describes and illus­ Recent observations and photography trates a new species of Galathea based on with SCUBA equipment show diverse shal­ three specimens from the Ryukyu Islands low-water crustaceans and provide color and one specimen from the Izu Islands. characters of many crustacean species (e.g., The general terminology followed is that Debelius, 1999; Kato & Okuno, 2001; used by Baba & de Saint Laurent (1996: Minemizu, 2002; Kawamoto & Okuno, 435). The term "supraocular spine (tooth)" 2003). The coloration is often very useful in is here treated as the proximal tooth of the the decapods for discrimination of cryptic or rostrum. The postorbital carapace length sibling species (e.g., Knowlton, 1986; (cl), as the indication of specimen size given Knowlton& Mills, 1992). under "Material examined", is measured Kato & Okuno (2001: 87, 88) introduced from the orbital margin to the posterior mar­ two unidentified species of Galathea, gin of the carapace in midline. The length of "Galathea sp. A" and "Galathea sp. B", from rostrum is measured from the tip of the ros-

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trum to the orbital margin in midline. The 1162. Paratypes: one male, cl 2.3 mm, near lengths of articles of cheliped are measured Sesoko Station (Tropical Biosphere along the dorsomesial margin and those of Research Center, University of the walking legs are along the extensor margin, Ryukyus), Okinawa-jima Island, Ryukyu respectively. The specimens examined are Islands, 2 m, among branches of dead coral, deposited in the Coastal Branch of Natural 25 July 2001, coll. M. Osawa, NSMT-Cr History Museum and Institute, Chiba 15774; one male, cl 3.3 mm, Chibishi, south­ (CMNH, with code of ZC), and National west off Okinawa-jima Island, Ryukyu Science Museum, Tokyo (NSMT, with code Islands, 10-20 m, among branches of dead ofCr). coral, 11 December 2001, coll. Y. Fujita, For comparative purposes, the following NSMT-Cr 17775; one ovigerous female, cl specimens deposited in the above museums 2.5 mm, Nazumado, Hachijo-jima Island, Izu and the Zoological Museum, Tel-Aviv Islands, 40 m, 5 October 2000, coll. S. Kato, University (ZMTAU), have been examined. CMNH-ZC 1483 [photographed specimen of Galathea amamiensis Miyake & Baba, "Galathea sp. B" by Kato & Okuno (2001)]. 1966: one male, cl 2.8 mm, one female, cl 3.3 Description.—Carapace (Fig. 1A) as long mm, Maeda, Onna, Okinawa-jima Island, as broad or slightly broader than long Ryukyu Islands, 26 m, among branches of (excluding rostrum and lateral spines); later­ dead coral, 7 July 2000, coll. Y. Fujita, al margins slightly convex, with 6 spines on NSMT-Cr 15992; two males, cl 3.5, 3.7 mm, each side; first (anterolateral) spine pro­ one female (parasitized by Rhizocephala), cl nounced, second to sixth spines located 3.3 mm, one ovigerous female, cl 3.2 mm, behind end of anterior bifurcation of cervical Chibishi, southwest off Okinawa-jima Island, groove, sixth spine much smaller than oth­ Ryukyu Islands, 10-20 m, among branches ers; another spine ventral to level slightly of dead coral, 11 December 2001, coll. Y. behind of anterolateral spine; dorsal surface Fujita, NSMT-Cr 15993; one male, cl 4.1 mm, with distinct transverse ridges anteriorly Imazuni, Kume-jima Island, Ryukyu Islands, bearing dense, short plumose setae and scat­ 18 m, 21 July 2002, coll. T. Kawamoto, tered, short simple setae (not illustrated), CMNH-ZC 1023; one ovigerous female, cl most ridges uninterrupted, anterior first 3.5 mm, Amitori, Iriomote-jima Island, transverse ridge with pair of submedian Ryukyu Islands, 2 m, among branches of spines (anterior gastric spines), second Acropora sp., 7 June 1997, coll. M. transverse ridge bearing spine near each lat­ Mitsuhashi, NSMT-Cr 15994. eral extremity, ridges connected to bases of Galathea brevimana Paul'son, 1875: one second, fourth, fifth, and sixth lateral spines male (parasitized by Rhizocephala), cl 4.1 uninterrupted, ridge connected to base of mm, Wadi Tal, Gulf of Suez, 1-2 m, dead third lateral spines interrupted or uninter­ coral, 21 October 1972, coll. Ch. Lewinsohn, rupted; cervical grooves indistinct. ZMTAU AR 27133. Rostrum (Fig. 1A) broadly triangular, 0.5-0.6 postorbital carapace length and 1.4-1.6 times as long as broad when mea­ Taxonomy sured between incisions formed by 2 proxi­ Galathea guttata, new species mal teeth; dorsal surface with small flattened (Figs. 1-3) squamiform ridges and pits bearing short Galathea sp. B: Kato & Okuno, 2001: 88, setae; lateral margins with 4 deeply incised unnumbered fig. teeth, proximal tooth smallest, ultimate Material examined.—Holotype: female, tooth terminating opposite 0.3-0.5 length of cl 4.3 mm, Imazuni, Kume-jima Island, sharply pointed, rostral median spine. Outer Ryukyu Islands, 18 m, under rock, 26 angles of orbits strongly produced, each ter­ August 2002, coll. T. Kawamoto, CMNH-ZC minating in spine; suborbital margins

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Fig. 1. Galathea guttata, new species, holotype female (cl 4.3 mm, CMNH-ZC 1162), Kume-jima Island, Ryukyu Islands. A, carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal (setae omitted from right side); B, sec­ ond to fourth abdominal segments, dorsal (setae omitted from right side); C, left pterygostomial flap, lateral; D, sternal plastron, ventral (setae omitted from left side); E, left eye, and antennular and anten- nal peduncles, ventral; F, left third maxilliped, lateral. Scales equal 1.0 mm.

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unarmed. ment with distomesial and distolateral Pterygostomial flaps (Fig. 1C) each ante­ spines of subequal size, reaching or nearly riorly ending in sharply pointed spine, sur­ reaching distal margin of third segment; face and anterior dorsal margin unarmed. third and fourth segments unarmed. Sternal plastron (Fig. ID) depressed Third maxilliped (Fig. IF) with ischium along midline, with few long transverse stri­ slightly shorter than merus when measured ae on fourth sternite but no striae on fifth to on mesial margin, usually with 1 small spine seventh sternites; third sternite broader than (2 spines in holotype) on distoflexor margin; long, roundly quadrangular or subovate, distoextensor margin strongly produced, ter­ anteriorly narrowed, anterior margin with minating in small spine; dorsal mesial ridge small median notch; fourth sternite (includ­ (crista dentata) with 19-21 denticles. Merus ing posterior lateral projection) 2.7 times as with 2 subequal-sized spines on flexor mar­ broad as third, anterior margin strongly con­ gin, each spine situated approximately at cave; fifth to seventh sternites smooth but midlength and terminal corner; extensor bearing short setae on lateral parts. margin unarmed except for distal small Abdominal segments (Fig. IB) with spine. Carpus with 3 or 4 low protuberances sparse, short and long, stiff simple setae; and blunt distal spine on extensor margin, each segment with 2 transverse ridges ante­ each protuberance sometimes bearing riorly bearing dense, short plumose setae minute spinule. Propodus and dactylus (not illustrated), no additional striae; anteri­ unarmed. Exopod slender, distinctly over­ or ridge somewhat elevated and uninterrupt­ reaching distal margin of merus, with termi­ ed in second, third, and fourth segments but nal flagellum. not elevated and interrupted at median part Chelipeds (Fig. 2A, B) moderately slen­ in fifth and sixth segments; posterior ridge der, 2.4-3.1 times postorbital carapace uninterrupted in second and third segments, length, generally similar in male and female, interrupted at median and lateral parts in with short and long, simple stiff and fourth segment, and interrupted at only plumose setae in moderate density; 4 rows median part in fifth and sixth segments. of spines (1 mesial, 2 dorsal, and 1 lateral) Telson weakly calcified, indistinctly divided visible in dorsal view on merus, carpus, and by shallow sutures, and with squamiform palm, distomesial spine of carpus largest; in ridges on distal 0.7; distal margin with medi­ palm, additional row of small spines present an notch. ventrally along lateral row of spines; in Eyes (Fig. 1A, E) large, slightly convex merus, carpus, and palm, ventral surface on mesial and lateral margins, with fringe of mesially with row of spines. Ischium with simple setae (eyelash) near distal margin of spine each on dorsodistal, and ventrodistal peduncle; corneas slightly dilated. mesial and lateral margins. Merus moder­ Antennular peduncles (Fig. 1A, E) with ately long; ventrodistal margin with strong basal segment armed with 3 well developed spine each at mesial and lateral angles; ven­ terminal spines, mesial terminal spine small­ tral surface with squamiform ridges. Carpus est, dorsal spine larger than terminal lateral 0.5-0.6 times as long as merus, not broad­ spine, lateral margin unarmed; ultimate and ened distally; ventrodistal mesial angle pro­ penultimate segments subequal in length; duced, with small spine; ventral surface with ultimate segment with 2 pronounced tufts of squamiform ridges. Palm 1.1 length of car­ short, thin simple setae on dorsodistal mar­ pus, 1.8-2.1 times as long as broad mea­ gin mesially and laterally. sured on dorsodistal margin; small spine Antennal peduncles (Fig. 1A, E) with first present dorsally at base of movable finger segment armed with well developed dis- (dactylus); ventral surface with short squam­ tomesial spine reaching or nearly reaching iform ridges. Fingers feebly or somewhat distal margin of third segment; second seg- gaping, distally fitting to each other with

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Fig. 2. Galathea guttata, new species, holotype female (cl 4.3 mm, CMNH-ZC 1162), Kume-jima Island, Ryukyu Islands (A, C-H); paratype male (cl 3.3mm, NSMT-Cr 15775), Chibishi, southwest off Okinawa- jima Island, Ryukyu Islands (B, I, J). A, left cheliped, dorsal (setae partially omitted); B, same, chela, dorsal (setae omitted); C, left second pereopod, lateral; D, same, distal part of merus, mesial; E, left third pereopod, lateral (setae omitted); F, same, distal part of merus, mesial; G, left fourth pereopod, lateral (setae omitted); H, same, distal part of merus, mesial; I, left fifth pereopod, chela and distal part of carpus, dorsal; J, same, ventral. Scales equal 1.0 mm.

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some intermeshing, rounded teeth when long simple setae on extensor and flexor closed; immovable finger with opposable faces, setation similar in male and female; margin bearing small, rounded calcareous palm 2.2 times as long as dactylus, with teeth, cutting region concave; movable fin­ curved, serrate setae on dorsal flexor face ger (dactylus) 0.8-0.9 times as long as palm, (in holotype, setae broken through examina­ with 3-5 spines along proximal half of dor- tion); density of setae similar in male and somesial margin and 1 proximal spine on lat­ female; carpus with moderately long, simple eral face, opposable margin with small teeth setae on distoflexor face. similar to those of immovable finger, some­ Epipods at least present on third maxil- what large proximal tooth occasionally pre­ liped, cheliped, and second pereopod; epi- sent, cutting region concave. pod on third pereopod present in largest Walking legs (second to fourth pere- specimen (holotype, CMNH-ZC 1162) but opods) (Fig. 2C-H) relatively robust, with absent in other smaller specimens; in small­ short and long, plumose and simple setae; est specimen (NSMT-Cr 15774), epipod on third pereopod longer than second and second pereopod reduced to small bud. fourth pereopods. Ischium with lateral distal Male with 2 pairs of pleopods modified as margin occasionally bearing small spine gonopods on first and second abdominal near flexor extremity on second and third segments; pleopods on third to fifth abdomi­ pereopods but unarmed on fourth pereopod. nal segments flattened, spatula-shaped. Merus decreasing in size posteriorly, with Female with 4 pairs of slender, uniramous short squamiform ridges on lateral surface; pleopods on second to fifth abdominal seg­ extensor margin with 8-12, 7-12, 4-6 spines ments. on second, third, and fourth pereopods, Uropods with protopods each armed with respectively; lateral distoflexor margin with distomesial spine. Endopod broader than 2 spines on second and third pereopods and exopod, with row of spinules on lateral mar­ 1 spine on fourth pereopod; mesial distoflex­ gin, distolateral spines distinctly larger than or margin with 1 spine on second pereopod lateral spinules, overreaching distal margin but unarmed or with very small tubercle on of telson; ventral surface with longitudinal third and fourth pereopods. Carpus with row of squamiform ridges bearing 2 or 3 extensor margin armed with 4 spines on sec­ small spines. Exopod with spinules on later­ ond and third pereopods but only 1 distal al margin. spine on fourth pereopod; lateral surface Color in fresh specimens (Fig. 3A, B).— with row of 2-4 (occasionally 3) spines, dis­ Ground color of carapace, pterygostomial tal spine situated at base or rounded apex of flaps, abdominal segments, ocular pedun­ disto-extensor projection; flexor margin ter­ cles, and pereopods orange or greenish minating in small or minute spine. brown. Lateral teeth of rostrum dark orange Propodus 1.3-1.7 length of dactylus, 3.8-5.4 distally. Transverse ridges on carapace and times as long as high; lateral surface abdominal segments dark orange; those of unarmed but with few very short or short carapace with continuous blue marks along transverse ridges on proximal part; extensor anterior margins. Cardiac and branchial margin with 2 or 3 proximal spines; flexor regions with oblique, pale blue marks. margin with 5-7 slender corneous spines Pterygostomial flaps each with irregular- including distal pair, distolateral spine larger shaped, longitudinal white mark. Abdominal than distomesial. Dactylus ending in curved segments with 6 rounded, pale blue marks claw preceded by 4 or 5 erect teeth decreas­ on each anterior transverse ridge. Palm of ing in size proximally, each tooth with slen­ cheliped dark orange on distal 0.3-0.5, with der corneous spine. 2 rounded, pale blue or white marks on dis­ Fifth pereopods (Fig. 21, J) with chela tal part; fingers also sometimes dark orange. elongate, bearing numerous, moderately Walking legs with pale blue or white bands

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Fig. 3. Fresh specimens, dorsal view. Galathea guttata, new species. A, holotype female (cl 4.3 mm, CMNH-ZC 1162), Kume-jima Island, Ryukyu Islands; B, paratype ovigerous female (cl 2.5 mm, CMNH- ZC 1483, right first walking leg missing), Hachijo-jima Island, Izu Islands. Galathea amamiensis Miyake & Baba, 1966. C, male (cl 4.1 mm, CMNH-ZC 1023), Kume-jima Island, Ryukyu Islands; D, male (cl 2.8 mm, NSMT-Cr 15992, left cheliped missing), Okinawa-jima Island, Ryukyu Islands. Photographed by J. Okuno (A-C) and M. Osawa (D).

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on median parts of merus and propodus. pereopod (first walking leg). Galathea Simple setae on abdominal segments, che- amamiensis has a very small distomesial lipeds and walking legs iridescent, those on spine on the third article of the antennal chelipeds and walking legs occasionally red­ peduncle, which is sometimes barely dis­ dish at proximal parts. cernible, and no epipod on the second pereo­ Habitat.—The new species lives among pod. branches of dead coral or under rock, at As mentioned above, the fresh coloration depths of 2-40 m. At the collection sites of of G. guttata also resembles that of G. the Ryukyu Islands, this species occurred amamiensis, especially in the transverse with the galatheids as follows: Galathea ridges on the carapace with continuous blue aegyptiaca Paul'son, 1875, G. amamiensis, G. marks along the anterior margins, but dif­ bimaculata Miyake & Baba, 1966, G. platy- fers in the possession of two rounded, pale cheles Miyake, 1953, G. spinosorostris, blue or white marks on the distal part of the Phylladiorhynchus integrirostris (Dana, 1852), palm of the cheliped. In G. amamiensis, the and Sadayoshia edwardsii (Miers, 1884). cheliped palm is mottled brown and pale Distribution.—So far known only from blue or white (see Kamezaki et al., 1988: 96, Ryukyu (Kume-jima Island and Okinawa- unnumbered fig.; Kawamoto & Okuno, 2003: jima Island) and Izu (Hachijo-jima Island) 94, unnumbered fig.; Fig. 3C, D). In addi­ Islands, Japan. tion, the rostrum and ocular peduncles are Etymology.—From the Latin, guttatus, orange or greenish brown in G. guttata, meaning spotted, in reference to the two whereas they are occasionally pink or red­ rounded marks on the palm of the cheliped dish in G. amamiensis (see Kamezaki et al., of the new species. 1988: 96, unnumbered fig.; Fig. 3D). Remarks.—Galathea guttata is close to The possession of an epipod on the sec­ G. amamiensis, known from the Ryukyu ond pereopod, and the carapace with distinct Islands, Moluccas, and Madagascar, in both transverse ridges on the gastric region and morphology and general fresh coloration. the anterior first ridge with a pair of subme- These two species share the following mor­ dian spines (anterior gastric spines), are phological characters: carapace and rostrum shared by G. guttata and G. australiensis with no pronounced plumose setae on the Stimpson, 1858, known from the temperate dorsal surface; a pair of gastric spines pre­ Australian water and the Indian Ocean (see sent; anterior second transverse ridge with a Lewinsohn, 1967:180, fig. 2; Haig, 1973: 277; spine near each lateral extremity; no spine Tirmizi & Javed, 1993: 55, fig. 24A). between the anterolateral spine and end of However, G. guttata is readily distinguished the anterior bifurcation of the cervical from G. australiensis by the carapace bear­ groove; rostrum with four lateral teeth; ing a spine near each lateral extremity of the pterygostomial flap with no spine on the anterior second transverse ridge and six anterior surface; antennular peduncle with spines on each lateral margin, the second three well developed terminal spines on the and third abdominal segments each bearing basal article and with pronounced tufts of two transverse ridges, and third article of setae on the distal article; and epipod pre­ the antennal peduncle lacking spines. sent on the first pereopod (cheliped). Galathea australiensis has no spines on the However, careful examination of the type anterior second transverse ridge and eight material of G. guttata and specimens of G. spines on each lateral margin of the cara­ amamiensis from the Ryukyu Islands (see pace, three or four transverse ridges on the Introduction) revealed that the new species second and third abdominal segments (pos­ is distinguished from G. amamiensis by hav­ terior ridge may be interrupted), and a small ing no spine on the third article of the anten­ spine on the distomesial margin of the third nal peduncles and an epipod on the second antennal article (see Lewinsohn, 1967: figs.

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2, 5, 9; Tirmizi & Javed, 1993: fig. 24A, E). on the branchial margin of the carapace is Tirmizi & Javed (1993: 53) recorded different between the descriptions of the two Galathea brevimana Paul'son, 1875 from the authors: five spines in the Paul'son's sole Indian Ocean and described it as having specimen, six spines in the Lewinsohn's epipods on the first to third pereopods, and material including the specimen examined distinct transverse ridges on the gastric here. If the possession of an epipod only on region and a pair of submedian spines on the the first pereopod is one of characters of G. anterior first ridge of the carapace, as in G brevimana, the number of epipods clearly guttata and G. australiensis. However, distinguishes this species from G. guttata Paul'son (1875: 101) and Lewinsohn (1969: and G. australiensis. Both of these species 105) did not mention on the number of have epipods at least on the first and second epipods of the Red Sea specimens of G. bre­ pereopods. vimana. Tirmizi & Javed's material differs from the Red Sea specimens in having no spine between the anterolateral spine of the Acknowledgements carapace and the end of the anterior bifurca­ I am indebted to S. Kato of "Regulus tion of the cervical groove. This character is Diving" in Hachijo-jima Island and T. possessed by G. guttata, but the Indian Kawamoto of "Dive Estivant" in Kume-jima Ocean specimens are distinctive in having Island, and Y. Fujita of the University of the much smaller, proximal two lateral teeth of Ryukyus, for collecting the specimens of the the rostrum and anterior gastric spines, and new species, and J. Okuno of the Coastal no spine near the lateral extremity of the Branch of Natural History Museum and anterior second transverse ridge of the cara­ Institute, Chiba, for allowing me to publish pace (see Tirmizi & Javed, 1993: fig. 23A). the color photographs taken by him. The Thus, Tirmizi & Javed's (1993) specimens material examined by Lewinsohn (1969) was are not clearly conspecific with those of kindly located by B. Galil of the National Paul'son (1875) and Lewinsohn (1969) of G. Institute of Oceanography, Israel, A. brevimana and may be assigned to an unde- Shagman of the Zoological Museum, Tel- scribed species. Lewinsohn (1969: 11) indi­ Aviv University, and C. H. J. M. Fransen of cated that his material was deposited sepa­ the Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, rately in the Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Leiden. I also thank R. Lemaitre of the Museum, Leiden and the Zoological National Museum of Natural History, Museum, Tel-Aviv University. However, the Smithsonian Institution, for reading a draft specimens of G. brevimana examined by of this paper. K. Baba of Kumamoto him were not found there (C.H.J.M. Fransen University is gratefully acknowledged for and B. Galil, personal communications). constructive comments to improve the man­ Fortunately, another specimen identified as uscript. This study was supported in part by G. brevimana by Lewinsohn (see Introduc­ a Research Fellowship for Young Scientists tion) was found in the Zoological Museum, from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Tel-Aviv University, and made available for Science and a Grant from the Research study. Examination of this specimen Institute of Marine Invertebrates. revealed that it generally agrees with the account of Lewinsohn (1969: 105) and the epipods are present on the first pereopods Literature Cited (chelipeds) but not on the second and third Baba, K., 1969. Four new genera with their rep­ pereopods. However, it remains uncertain resentatives and six new species of the whether the specimens of Paul'son (1875) Galatheidae in the collection of the Zoological and Lewinsohn (1969) of G. brevimana are Laboratory, Kyushu University, with redefini­ conspecific, because the number of spines tion of the genus Galathea. OHMU (Occasional Papers of Zoological Laboratory,

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Facuty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Tosho Printing Inc., Urasone. (In Japanese) Fukuoka,Japan),2:l-32. Kato, S., & Okuno, J., 2001. Shrimps and Crabs -, 1971. Lauriea, a new genus proposed of Hachijo Island. 160 pp., TBS-Britannica for Galathea gardineri Laurie (Crustacea, Co., Ltd., Tokyo. (In Japanese) Anomura, Galatheidae). Memoirs of the Kawamoto, T, & Okuno, J., 2003. Shrimps and Faculty of Education, Kumamoto University, Crabs of Kume Island, Okinawa. 173 pp., Kumamoto, section 1 (Natural Science), 19: Hankyu Communications Co., Ltd., Tokyo. 51-53. (In Japanese) -, 1979. Expedition Rumphius II (1975). Knowlton, N., 1986. Cryptic and sibling species Crustaces parasites, commensaux, etc. (Th. among the decapod Crustacea. Journal of Monad et R. Serene, ed.). VII. Galatheid crus­ Crustacean Biology, 6: 356-363. taceans (Decapoda, Anomura). Bulletin du , & Mills, D. E. K, 1992. The systematic Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, importance of color and color pattern: evi­ 4e serie, section A, 1: 643-657. dence for complexes of sibling species of -, 1982. Galatheids and pagurids of the snapping shrimp (Caridea: Alpheidae: Palau Islands (Crustacea: Anomura). Alpheus) from the Caribbean and Pacific Proceedings of the Japanese Society of coasts of Panama. Proceedings of the San Systematic Zoology, 23: 56-70. Diego Society of Natural History, 18:1-5. , 1989. Anomuran crustaceans obtained Leach, W. E., 1820. Galateadees. Dictionnaire by dredging from Oshima Strait, Amami- des Sciences Naturelles, Paris, 18: 48-56. Oshima of the Ryukyu Islands. Memoir of Lewinsohn, Ch., 1967. Beitrag zur Kenntnis und the National Science Museum, Tokyo, 22: Verbreitung von Galathea australiensis 127-134. Stimpson, 1858 (Crustacea Decapoda, -, & Javed, W., 1974. Coralliogalathea, a Anomura, Galatheidae), nebst Beschreibung new genus of Galatheidae (Crustacea, eines Neotypus. Zoologische Mededelingen, Anomura), with further notes on its type- 42:175-187. species. Annotationes Zoologicae , 1969. Die Amomuren des Roten Japonenses, 47: 61-64. Meeres (Crustacea Decapoda: Paguridea, , & Saint Laurent, M. de, 1996. Galatheidea, Hippidea). Zoologische Crustacea Decapoda: revision of the genus Verhandelingen, 104:1-213. Bathymunida Balss, 1914, with six new gen­ Miers, J. E., 1884. Crustacea. In: Report on the era (Galatheidae). In: A. Crosnier, (ed.), Zoological Collections Made in the Indo- Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, Pacific Ocean during the Voyage of H.M.S. Volume 15. Memoires du Museum national "Alert" 1881-82, Part I. The Collections from d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 168: 433-502. Melanesia; Part II. The Collections from the Dana, J. D., 1852. Crustacea, Part 1. In: United Western Indian Ocean: 178-322, 513-575, pis. States Exploring Expedition, during the years 18-34, 46-52, British Museum, London. 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842, under the com­ Minemizu, R., 2002. Marine Decapod and mand of Charles Wikes, U.S.N., Volume 13, Stomatopod Crustaceans mainly from Japan viii+685 pp., C. Sherman, Philadelphia. (Second printing). 344 pp., Bun'ichi Sogo Debelius, H., 1999. Crustacea Guide of the Shuppan, Tokyo. (In Japanese) World. 321 pp., IKAN-Unterwasserarchiv, Miyake, S., 1953. On three new species of Frankfurt. Galathea from the western Pacific. Journal of Fabricius, J. C, 1793. Entomologia systematica the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, emendata et aucta. Secundum, Classes, 10:199-208. Ordines, Genera, Species, ajectis Synonymis, , & Baba, K., 1966. Descriptions of Locis, Observationibus, Descriptionibus, galatheids collected from coral reefs of the Volume 2, viii+519 pp., C. G. Proft, Hafniae. Ryukyu Islands (Crustacea, Anomura). Haig, J., 1973. Galatheidea (Crustacea, Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu Decapoda, Anomura) collected by the F.I.S. University, 14: 57-79. Endeavour. Records of the Australian Osawa, M., & Okuno, J., 2002. Shallow-water Museum, 28: 269-289. species of the genus Munida (Crustacea, Kamezaki, N., Nomura, K., Hamano, T., & Decapoda, Anomura, Galatheidae) from the Misaki, H., 1988. Illustrated Guide to Marine Ryukyu and Ogasawara Islands, southern Life in Okinawa, Volume 8. Crustacea Japan. Bulletin of the National Science (Macrura and Anomura). 232 pp., Shinsei- Museum, series A (Zoology), 28:129-141.

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102 M. OSAWA

Paul'son, O., 1875. Podophthalmata and vavit et descripsit. Pars VII. Crustacea Edriophthalmata (Cumacea). Studies on Anomura. Proceedings of the Academy of Crustacea of the Red Sea with Notes Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 10: 225-252. Regarding Other Seas, Part 1, xiv+144 pp., 21 Tirmizi, N. M., & Javed, W., 1993. Indian Ocean pis., S. V. Kul'zhenko, Kiev. (Original in Galatheids (Crustacea: Anomura). 147 pp., Russian. Printed in 1961, with different pagi­ University Grants Commission, Islamabad. nation, by the Israel Program for Scientific Translations, Jerusalem.). Stimpson, W., 1858. Prodromus descriptionis ani- Address: Department of Zoology, National malium evertebratorum, quae in expeditione Science Museum, Tokyo, 3-23-1, Hyakunincho, ad oceanum pacificum septentrionalem, a Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan. republica federata missa, Cadwaladaro E-mail: [email protected] Ringgold et Johanne Rodgers ducibus, obser-

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