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Taiwan Hebdo Hebdomadario De La Política Taiwanesa

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Taiwan Hebdo Hebdomadario De La Política Taiwanesa TAIWAN HEBDO HEBDOMADARIO DE LA POLÍTICA TAIWANESA Nº 21/2016 * Semana del 23 al 29 de Mayo de 2016 [email protected] 1) Informe 2) Observaciones de contexto 3) Datos relevantes 4) Nombres relevantes 1. Informe La participación de Taiwan en la Asamblea Mundial de la Salud celebrada en Ginebra (Suiza) entre los días 23 y 28 de Mayo ha permitido visibilizar una primera (y fría) toma de contacto a nivel ministerial entre representantes de ambos lados del Estrecho. El ministro de sanidad Lin Tsou-yen desplegó un discurso poniendo el acento en la despolitización de la participación y el énfasis en un abordaje profesional y pragmático de interés para la comunidad internacional. El ministro taiwanés apeló a la OMS a permitir la participación estable de la isla en sus actividades. 1 Por tratarse del primer evento diplomático con participación taiwanesa tras la investidura de la presidenta Tsai Ing-wen, la atención estaba más que justificada. En la delegación oficial se incluyeron representantes funcionariales y partidarios, incluyendo al PDP, KMT, PPP y PNP. Lin mantuvo un breve saludo con el representante continental Li Bin al margen de la asamblea, pero no hubo avances ni respuesta a su invitación para sostener una reunión bilateral. Esta negativa abunda en la idea de que Beijing no dará su brazo a torcer y pudiera ser la primera señal de una suspensión de las relaciones a través del Estrecho. El representante taiwanés mantuvo reuniones con delegaciones de EEUU o Japón. En los últimos años también había encuentros con la comitiva continental. Desde 2009, Taiwan participa como observador. Algunos integrantes de la delegación expresaron su disconformidad con la participación bajo el nombre “Chinese Taipei”. No obstante, el primer ministro Lin Chuan defendió que los problemas relacionados con la denominación no deben obstruir la participación taiwanesa en los organismos internacionales. El KMT llegó a exigir en el legislativo una disculpa por parte del ministro Lin por no usar la palabra “Taiwan”. Algunos grupos de estudiantes en el extranjero también mostraron su protesta por la actitud “sumisa” del ministro y el nuevo gobierno. El ministro Lin Tzou-yien se despidió de la AMS con una carta de protesta ante la OMS por la demora en recibir la invitación y por haber incluido en ella la exigencia de respeto al principio de “Una sola China”. A su regreso, anunció el establecimiento de un grupo ad hoc de asesoramiento para promover la participación en las diferentes actividades de la OMS a la vista de que dicho interés, hoy por hoy, se asemeja más a una hipótesis. 2. Observaciones de contexto. El Diario del Pueblo y otros medios continentales han seguido demandando de la presidenta Tsai Ing-wen que deje de adoptar una actitud ambigua hacia la “cuestión fundamental” del Consenso de 1992. Richard Bush, ex representante del 2 Instituto Americano en Taiwan, calificó la reacción de Beijing al discurso inaugural de Tsai como “no tan mala” como cabía esperar. Tras la investidura presidencial, Tsai Ing-wen recibió a varias delegaciones extranjeras, incluyendo a los máximos representantes de varios aliados diplomáticos. Tsai Ing-wen reiteró el interés de Taiwan de unirse al TPP liderado por EEUU en la segunda ronda de negociaciones. Washington es el segundo mayor socio comercial de Taipei y Taiwan el noveno mayor socio comercial de EEUU. Ante el subsecretario de comercio Marcus Jadotte, Tsai expresó su voluntad de cooperar con EEUU en ámbitos como la ciberseguridad, los intercambios comerciales y las inversiones. Taiwan no reanudará las negociaciones comerciales con el continente hasta disponer de una ley de supervisión, en trámite en el Yuan legislativo. Zhang Zhijun, director de la Oficina de Asuntos de Taiwan, señaló que la Nueva Política hacia el Sur promovida por el gobierno del PDP “va en contra de los principios económicos” al carecer de sentido el intento de reemplazar a China continental por otros mercados. Taiwan y Japón acordaron establecer un mecanismo de diálogo y cooperación para los asuntos marítimos. Taipei anunció “ajustes” en la protección de sus pesqueros sin llegar a comprometer su continuidad. Colombia notificó la rescisión de un memorando firmado en septiembre de 2015 relacionado con el comercio justo. La decisión se vincula con hipotéticas presiones de China continental. Taipei ha firmado memorandos similares con ocho países siendo esta la primera vez que se produce una rescisión unilateral. Taiwan se propone crear una cuarta rama en sus Fuerzas Armadas centrada en la ciberseguridad con el propósito de participar en la guerra digital asimétrica y actuar como elemento disuasorio contra las fuerzas enemigas. 3 3. Datos relevantes . Un 39,6 por ciento de la población cree que Tsai Ing-wen debe reconocer el Consenso de 1992, según una encuesta realizada por el United Daily News. Un 29,7 por ciento se opondría y el 30,7 por ciento se abstuvo. Un 76 por ciento afirmó estar satisfecho con el discurso presidencial. Un 60 por ciento no estaría preocupado por las consecuencias de una ruptura de la comunicación a través del Estrecho. Otra encuesta de la Fundación de Opiniones Públicas Taiwanesas demostró que el 80,8 por ciento de los ciudadanos se identificaban como taiwaneses frente a un 8,1 por ciento que se consideraban como chinos. Un 51,2 por ciento de los encuestados se mostraron favorables a la independencia frente a un 14,9 por ciento de partidarios de la unificación. 4. Nombres relevantes . Tsai Ing-wen visitará Panamá y Paraguay a finales del mes de junio en la que será su primera gira presidencial por el exterior. Shen Lyu-shun, ex representante de Taiwan en EEUU, se vio envuelto en una polémica por su renuncia y el relevo de su sucesor Stanley Kao, a quien Tsai calificó de “embajador” provocando la inmediata reacción de Beijing. Chiou I-jen, fue elegido nuevo presidente de la Asociación para las Relaciones en Asia Oriental. Wang Zaixi, ex vice director de la Oficina de Asuntos de Taiwan, señaló que los problemas de Taiwan deben ser resueltos en un plazo de treinta años. 4 .
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