DOCSLIB.ORG

Ecological Survey

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ecological Survey Central Eyre Iron Project Mining Lease Proposal APPENDIX J ECOLOGICAL SURVEY COPYRIGHT Copyright © IRD Mining Operations Pty Ltd and Iron Road Limited, 2015 All rights reserved This document and any related documentation is protected by copyright owned by IRD Mining Operations Pty Ltd and Iron Road Limited. The content of this document and any related documentation may only be copied and distributed for purposes of section 35A of the Mining Act, 1971 (SA) and otherwise with the prior written consent of IRD Mining Operations Pty Ltd and Iron Road Limited. DISCLAIMER A declaration has been made on behalf of IRD Mining Operations Pty Ltd by its Managing Director that he has taken reasonable steps to review the information contained in this document and to ensure its accuracy as at 5 November 2015. Subject to that declaration: (a) in writing this document, Iron Road Limited has relied on information provided by specialist consultants, government agencies, and other third parties. Iron Road Limited has reviewed all information to the best of its ability but does not take responsibility for the accuracy or completeness; and (b) this document has been prepared for information purposes only and, to the full extent permitted by law, Iron Road Limited, in respect of all persons other than the relevant government departments, makes no representation and gives no warranty or undertaking, express or implied, in respect to the information contained herein, and does not accept responsibility and is not liable for any loss or liability whatsoever arising as a result of any person acting or refraining from acting on any information contained within it.. ABN: 51 128 698 108 REPORT CENTRAL EYRE IRON PROJECT: MINE SITE ECOLOGICAL SURVEY E-F-34-RPT-0003 Revision Issue Date Revision Description Document Author Checked By Authorised By A 21/02/2012 Final Draft K Fels N Bull 0 13/05/2014 Approved K Fels / Z Bull N Bull Lachlan Wilkinson 1 31/07/2014 Approved – minor Z Bull N Bull amendment to section 6. ABN: 51 128 698 108 Contents List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................................ 4 List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................................. 4 List of Plates .............................................................................................................................................................. 4 Executive summary ................................................................................................................................................... 5 1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 8 1.1 Iron Road deposits ....................................................................................................................................... 8 1.2 Iron Road Limited and EL3699/ EL4849....................................................................................................... 8 1.3 Waramboo CEIP infrastructure requirements............................................................................................. 8 1.4 Study area .................................................................................................................................................... 9 1.4.1 Bioregion .............................................................................................................................................. 9 1.4.2 Historical landuse ...............................................................................................................................11 1.4.3 Landscape, geology and soils .............................................................................................................11 1.4.4 Watercourses and wetlands ...............................................................................................................11 1.4.5 Climate ................................................................................................................................................11 1.5 Study objectives.........................................................................................................................................12 2 Legislation .......................................................................................................................................................13 2.1 Commonwealth legislation ........................................................................................................................13 2.2 Commonwealth policy ...............................................................................................................................14 2.3 South Australian Legislation ......................................................................................................................14 2.4 South Australian policy ..............................................................................................................................15 3 Methodology ..................................................................................................................................................16 3.1 Ecological desktop review .........................................................................................................................16 3.2 Flora and fauna field survey ......................................................................................................................17 3.3 Survey site selection ..................................................................................................................................18 3.3.1 Flora survey and landscape description .............................................................................................21 3.3.2 Fauna survey .......................................................................................................................................21 3.3.3 Evaluation of conservation significance .............................................................................................25 4 Results of desktop flora and fauna study .......................................................................................................26 4.1 Eyre Yorke Block bioregion ........................................................................................................................26 4.1.1 Eyre Mallee (EYB5) sub-region ...........................................................................................................26 4.2 Biodiversity and conservation context ......................................................................................................26 4.3 Regional Vegetation Association ...............................................................................................................27 4.4 Listed flora and ecological communities ...................................................................................................27 4.5 Weeds ........................................................................................................................................................28 E-F-34-RPT-0003_1 (Mine Site Ecological Survey).docx 31 July 2014 2 ABN: 51 128 698 108 4.6 Listed fauna ...............................................................................................................................................31 5 Results of field survey .....................................................................................................................................35 5.1 Weather conditions ...................................................................................................................................35 5.2 Vegetation communities ...........................................................................................................................35 5.3 Survey site vegetation descriptions ...........................................................................................................38 5.3.1 Species richness ..................................................................................................................................41 5.4 Vegetation condition assessment .............................................................................................................41 5.4.1 Disturbance levels ..............................................................................................................................44 5.4.2 Weeds .................................................................................................................................................45 5.4.3 Environmental offset ratios ................................................................................................................47 5.5 Fauna survey ..............................................................................................................................................50 5.5.1 Fauna ..................................................................................................................................................50 5.5.2 Fauna diversity across broad habitat types ........................................................................................58 5.5.3 Fauna species richness .......................................................................................................................59
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Socio-Ecology of Two Species of Australian Native Rodent—Notomys
    The socio-ecology of two species of Australian native rodent— Notomys mitchelli and Notomys alexis Clare Bradley PhD candidate Environmental Biology School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Adelaide November 2008 Chapter One—Introduction 1. Introduction 1.1. Mammalian social systems Many mammal species live in social groups that can consist of related individuals, family groups, or unrelated animals (Alexander 1974). Animals aggregate in order to better survive and reproduce in their particular environment, possibly gaining from shared parental care, cooperative foraging, or a reduction in predation through increased vigilance (Berger & Stevens 1996; Clutton-Brock 1989a; Hughes 1998; Johnson et al. 2002; Kleiman 1977; see also Carr & Macdonald 1986). The basic determinant of social organisation in animals is the mating system, and mating systems of mammals are generally thought to be governed by the resources available in the habitat, since the distribution of resources determines the spatial distribution of females and this, in turn, determines the distribution of males (Clutton-Brock 1989a; Emlen & Oring 1977; Shier & Randall 2004; Trivers 1972; Wiens 1976; Wittenberger 1980). In very stable or predictable environments, where resources are uniformly distributed in space and time, females can be widely dispersed and monogamous mating systems are thought to be most likely (Emlen & Oring 1977; Keverne 1985; Kleiman 1977; Komers & Brotherton 1997; Reichard 2003). However, increasingly patchy resource distribution acts to ‘clump’ female distribution in areas of higher quality and promote polygynous systems (Clutton-Brock 1989a; Johnson et al. 2002; Orians 1969; Reynolds 1996). In such environments, a successful breeding strategy for a male is one where he can gain access to multiple females through controlling, in some way, the resources that govern the females’ dispersion (Greenwood 1980; Perrin & Mazalov 2000; The socio-ecology of two species of Australian native rodent—N.
    [Show full text]
  • Habitat Types
    Habitat Types The following section features ten predominant habitat types on the West Coast of the Eyre Peninsula, South Australia. It provides a description of each habitat type and the native plant and fauna species that commonly occur there. The fauna species lists in this section are not limited to the species included in this publication and include other coastal fauna species. Fauna species included in this publication are printed in bold. Information is also provided on specific threats and reference sites for each habitat type. The habitat types presented are generally either characteristic of high-energy exposed coastline or low-energy sheltered coastline. Open sandy beaches, non-vegetated dunefields, coastal cliffs and cliff tops are all typically found along high energy, exposed coastline, while mangroves, sand flats and saltmarsh/samphire are characteristic of low energy, sheltered coastline. Habitat Types Coastal Dune Shrublands NATURAL DISTRIBUTION shrublands of larger vegetation occur on more stable dunes and Found throughout the coastal environment, from low beachfront cliff-top dunes with deep stable sand. Most large dune shrublands locations to elevated clifftops, wherever sand can accumulate. will be composed of a mosaic of transitional vegetation patches ranging from bare sand to dense shrub cover. DESCRIPTION This habitat type is associated with sandy coastal dunes occurring The understory generally consists of moderate to high diversity of along exposed and sometimes more sheltered coastline. Dunes are low shrubs, sedges and groundcovers. Understory diversity is often created by the deposition of dry sand particles from the beach by driven by the position and aspect of the dune slope.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxonomy of the Genus Pseudonaja (Reptilia: Elapidae) in Australia
    AUSTRALIAN BIODIVERSITY RECORD ________________________________________________________ 2002 (No 7) ISSN 1325-2992 March, 2002 ________________________________________________________ Taxonomy of the Genus Pseudonaja (Reptilia: Elapidae) in Australia. by Richard W. Wells “Shiralee”, Major West Road, Cowra, New South Wales, Australia The clear morphological differences that exist within the genus as previously considered strongly indicate that it is a polyphyletic assemblage. Accordingly, I have taken the step of formally proposing the fragmentation of Pseudonaja. In this work I have decided to restrict the genus Pseudonaja to the Pseudonaja nuchalis complex. Additionally, I herein formally resurrect from synonymy the generic name Euprepiosoma Fitzinger, 1860 for the textilis group of species, erect a new generic name (Placidaserpens gen. nov.) for the snakes previously regarded as Pseudonaja guttata, erect a new generic name (Notopseudonaja gen. nov.) for the group of species previously regarded as the Pseudonaja modesta complex, and erect a new generic name (Dugitophis gen. nov.) for snakes previously regarded as the Pseudonaja affinis complex. Genus Pseudonaja Gunther, 1858 The Pseudonaja nuchalis Complex It is usually reported that Pseudonaja nuchalis occurs across most of northern, central and western Australia, ranging from Cape York Peninsula, in the north-east, through western, southern and south-eastern Queensland, far western New South Wales, north-western Victoria, and most of South Australia, Northern Territory and Western Australia. However, this distribution pattern is now known to actually represents several different species all regarded by most authorities for convenience as the single highly variable species, 'Pseudonaja nuchalis'. As usually defined, this actually is a highly variable and therefore confusing group of species to identify and it is not all surprising that there has been difficulty in breaking up the group.
    [Show full text]
  • Structure±Function Properties of Venom Components from Australian Elapids
    PERGAMON Toxicon 37 (1999) 11±32 Review Structure±function properties of venom components from Australian elapids Bryan Grieg Fry * Peptide Laboratory, Centre for Drug Design and Development, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia Received 9 December 1997; accepted 4 March 1998 Abstract A comprehensive review of venom components isolated thus far from Australian elapids. Illustrated is that a tremendous structural homology exists among the components but this homology is not representative of the functional diversity. Further, the review illuminates the overlooked species and areas of research. # 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Australian elapids are well known to be the most toxic in the world, with all of the top ten and nineteen of the top 25 elapids with known LD50s residing exclusively on this continent (Broad et al., 1979). Thus far, three main types of venom components have been characterised from Australian elapids: prothrombin activating enzymes; lipases with a myriad of potent activities; and powerful peptidic neurotoxins. Many species have the prothrombin activating enzymes in their venoms, the vast majority contain phospholipase A2s and all Australian elapid venoms are suspected to contain peptidic neurotoxins. In addition to the profound neurological eects such as disorientation, ¯accid paralysis and respiratory failure, characteristic of bites by many species of Australian elapids is hemorrhaging and incoagulable blood. As a result, these elapids can be divided into two main classes: species with procoagulant venom (Table 1) and species with non-procoagulant venoms (Table 2) (Tan and * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. 0041-0101/98/$ - see front matter # 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd.
    [Show full text]
  • NORTHERN and YORKE REGIONAL NRM PLAN Volume A: State of The
    Northern and Yorke Natural Resources Management Board NORTHERN AND YORKE REGIONAL NRM PLAN Northern and Yorke NRM Board Yorke Northern and THE REGION REPORT OF STATE Volume A: State of the Region Report 2008 Acronyms CEM Coastal, Estuarine and Marine LCM Land Condition Monitoring CP Conservation Park MPA Marine Protected Area DEH Department for Environment and NP National Park Heritage NRM Natural Resources Management DPLG Department for Planning and Local N&Y Northern and Yorke Government SASPAS South Australian Soil and Plant DWLBC Department of Water, Land and Analysis Service Biodiversity Conservation WUE Water Use Efficiency March 2009 This document has been prepared by the Northern and Yorke Natural Resources Management Board and is not State Government policy. Editorial and design services have been provided by: • Rural Solutions SA • Peter R Day Resource Strategies • SUBStitution For more information, contact: Planning Officer Northern and Yorke NRM Board Phone: (08) 8636 2361 e-mail: [email protected] ISBN 978-0-9806143-2-9 Copyright This publication is copyright. Apart from any use permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior permission of the Northern and Yorke Natural Resources Management Board. Requests and enquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be directed to the General Manager, Northern and Yorke Natural Resources Management Board, PO Box 175 Crystal Brook SA 5523 or [email protected] Disclaimers The Northern and Yorke Natural Resources Management Board and the Government of South Australia, their employees and their servants do not warrant or make any representation regarding the use or results of use of the information contained herein as to its correctness, accuracy, currency or otherwise.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity Summary: Eyre Peninsula, South Australia
    Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Species List What is the summary for and where does it come from? This list has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. The list was produced using the AustralianAustralian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. For each family of plant and animal covered by ANHAT (Appendix 1), this document gives the number of species in the country and how many of them are found in the region. It also identifies species listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered or Conservation Dependent under the EPBC Act. A biodiversity summary for this region is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are notnot included included in in the the list. list. • The data used come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations.
    [Show full text]
  • A Biological Survey of the Eyre Peninsula South Australia
    A BIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF THE EYRE PENINSULA SOUTH AUSTRALIA R Brandle Science Resource Centre Information, Science and Technology Directorate Department for Environment and Heritage South Australia 2010 Eyre Peninsula Biological Survey The Biological Survey of the Eyre Peninsula was an initiative of the Biological Survey and Monitoring Section for the South Australian Department for Environment and Heritage The views and opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the State Government of South Australia. The report may be cited as: Brandle, R. (2010). A Biological Survey of the Eyre Peninsula, South Australia. (Department for Environment and Heritage, South Australia). Limited hard copies of the report were prepared, but it can also be accessed from the Internet on: http://www.environment.sa.gov.au/biodiversity/biosurveys EDITOR R. Brandle – Science Resource Centre, Information Science & Technology, Department for Environment and Heritage. PO Box 1047 Adelaide 5001 AUTHORS R. Brandle, P. Lang, P. Canty, D. Armstrong – Science Resource Centre, Information Science & Technology, Department for Environment and Heritage. PO Box 1047 Adelaide 5001 G. Carpenter – Native Vegetation & Biodiversity Management Unit, Department of Water, Land & Biodiversity, GPO Box 2834. J. Cooper - PO Box 128, Port Lincoln SA. © Department for Environment and Heritage 2010 ISBN: 978-1-921466-42-7 Cover Photograph: A southern Eyre Peninsula view north from the Marble Range to South Block range. Photo: R Brandle ii Eyre Peninsula Biological Survey Abstract Specific objectives of the Biological Survey of the Eyre Peninsula Biogeographic Region were to collate the existing flora and fauna information and systematically sample the diversity of habitats present in the region for vertebrates.
    [Show full text]
  • Denisonia Hydrophis Parapistocalamus Toxicocalamus Disteira Kerilia Pelamis Tropidechis Drysdalia Kolpophis Praescutata Vermicella Echiopsis Lapemis
    The following is a work in progress and is intended to be a printable quick reference for the venomous snakes of the world. There are a few areas in which common names are needed and various disputes occur due to the nature of such a list, and it will of course be continually changing and updated. And nearly all species have many common names, but tried it simple and hopefully one for each will suffice. I also did not include snakes such as Heterodon ( Hognoses), mostly because I have to draw the line somewhere. Disclaimer: I am not a taxonomist, that being said, I did my best to try and put together an accurate list using every available resource. However, it must be made very clear that a list of this nature will always have disputes within, and THIS particular list is meant to reflect common usage instead of pioneering the field. I put this together at the request of several individuals new to the venomous endeavor, and after seeing some very blatant mislabels in the classifieds…I do hope it will be of some use, it prints out beautifully and I keep my personal copy in a three ring binder for quick access…I honestly thought I knew more than I did…LOL… to my surprise, I learned a lot while compiling this list and I hope you will as well when you use it…I also would like to thank the following people for their suggestions and much needed help: Dr.Wolfgang Wuster , Mark Oshea, and Dr. Brian Greg Fry.
    [Show full text]
  • Venom Yields from Australian and Some Other Species of Snakes
    Ecotoxicology (2006) 15:531–538 DOI 10.1007/s10646-006-0089-x Venom yields from Australian and some other species of snakes Peter J. Mirtschin Æ Nathan Dunstan Æ Ben Hough Æ Ewan Hamilton Æ Sharna Klein Æ Jonathan Lucas Æ David Millar Æ Frank Madaras Æ Timothy Nias Accepted: 19 May 2006 / Published online: 26 August 2006 Ó Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2006 Abstract The wet and dry venom yields for most solids or dry yield is normally just called the yield as Australian native dangerous snakes and a number of opposed to the wet yield which is the total weight of non-Australian species are presented. Snakes from the the venom (water plus all the solids). The percentage Pseudonaja genus yielded higher than previously pub- solids are the fraction of the solid weight divided by the lished amounts and suggest reconsideration be given to total weight (solids and liquid) of the venom expressed increasing the volume of antivenom in each vial. as a percentage [(solid weight/total weight) · 100 = % Higher percentage solids were obtained from venoms solids]. from the 4 cobra species (Naja) and Pseudechis genus There have been many ways in which snakes have included in this series. been artificially milked for their venom and indeed many ways of drying venom. Some early milking Keywords Venom Æ Yield Æ Snake techniques included forcing the snake to bite on a watch glass whereupon the venom spread out over the glass. Another method was to force the snake to drape Introduction its fangs over the side of a beaker and allow the venom to run down the inside of the beaker (a method more The amount of venom produced by a snake when it suited to longer-fanged vipers).
    [Show full text]
  • Toxins of Animals) [Biological-Origin Toxins]
    4: Zootoxins (toxins of animals) [Biological-origin toxins] Distinction should be made between poisonous animals – those with toxins in their skin or other organs and which are toxic on ingestion – and venomous animals – those with specialised structures for production and delivery of toxins (venoms) to prey species or adversaries. Halstead (1988) published a monumental review of poisonous and venomous marine animals. A world list of snake venoms and other animal toxins including bee venoms, sawfly toxins, amphibian and fish toxins has been compiled by Theakston & Kamiguti (2002). Animals acquire toxins by one of three methods (Mebs 2001): • expression of genes coding for the toxin structures • metabolic synthesis (production of secondary metabolites) • uptake, storage and sequestration of toxins produced by other organisms (microbes, plants, or other animals) References: Halstead BW (1988) Poisonous and Venomous Marine Animals of the World. 2nd revised edition. The Darwin Press Inc., Princeton, New Jersey. Mebs D (2001) Toxicity in animals. Trends in evolution? Toxicon 39:87-96. Theakston RDG , Kamiguti AS (2002) A list of animal toxins and some other natural products with biological activity. Toxicon 40:579-651. PROTOZOA (PROTISTA) - DINOFLAGELLATES See Marine Microalgal (Dinoflagellate & Diatom) Toxins ARTHROPODS - INSECTS Sawfly larval peptides Core data Common sources: Lophyrotoma interrupta (Australian cattle-poisoning sawfly larvae) Arge pullata (European birch sawfly larvae) Perreyia flavipes & P. lepida (South American sawfly larvae) Animals affected: cattle, sheep, pigs Mode of action: uncharacterised Poisoning circumstances: consumption of larvae (dead & alive) at base of trees or on pasture Main effects: acute liver necrosis Diagnosis: pathology + evidence of larval presence Therapy: nil Prevention: deny access Syndrome names: sawfly larval poisoning, sawfly poisoning Chemical structure: Lophyrotomin [L] is a linear octapeptide (Oelrichs et al.
    [Show full text]
  • HCN Proposed Reptiles Species List
    HCN Proposed Reptiles Species List All content in this publication is owned by the Herpetocultural Cooperative of NSW Complied by the HCN Committee on behalf of our members and community. Contributors to this document include representatives from: Australian Herpetological Society, Central Coast Herpetological Society, Hawkesbury Herpetological Society, Illawarra Reptile Society, Macarthur Herpetological Society, North Coast Herpetological Group, Shoalhaven Reptile Club, Turtles R Us, DoLittle Farms, Flora & Fauna Management Services, Wildexpos, and other private reptile keepers. 2 Contents: 1. Nomenclateral changes & species division 4 Turtles 4 Lizards, geckos 4 Lizards, skinks 7 Lizards, dragons 9 Lizards, goannas 11 Snakes, pythons 12 Snakes elapids 12 2. List of Coded Species 13 3. Proposed method for changes to assignment/addition of taxa to Reptile 19 License categories Addition of new species NOT native to NSW 19 Addition of new species that occur in natural populations in NSW 20 Changes in category species 20 4. Current allocation of venomous snakes to Reptile Keeper Categories 21 5. Proposal for additions of several species to current licensing categories 23 Partial list of lizards & snakes for which applications to hold or import may 25 occur Pygopods 25 Skins 25 Dragons 26 Goannas 26 Pythons 27 elapids 27 Draft species Risk Assessment Tools 29 Black spined Nobbi Dragon 29 Slater’s Ring-tailed Dragon 32 Goldfield’s Ring-tailed Dragon 35 White-lipped Two-lined Dragon 38 Arnhem Two-lined Dragon 41 Lally’s Two-lined Dragon 44 Thorny Devil 47 North-west Red-faced Turtle 49 Northern Yellow-faced Turtle 54 Painted Short-necked Turtle 57 3 The HCN notes that the proposed classification of reptiles to Reptile Keeper Classes makes no changes to the existing listings other than to remove 11 species from Class 1 to a new Code- regulated category.
    [Show full text]
  • Eyre Peninsula, South Australia
    Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Guide to Users Background What is the summary for and where does it come from? This summary has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. It highlights important elements of the biodiversity of the region in two ways: • Listing species which may be significant for management because they are found only in the region, mainly in the region, or they have a conservation status such as endangered or vulnerable. • Comparing the region to other parts of Australia in terms of the composition and distribution of its species, to suggest components of its biodiversity which may be nationally significant. The summary was produced using the Australian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. The list of families covered in ANHAT is shown in Appendix 1. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are are not not included included in the in the summary. • The data used for this summary come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect.
    [Show full text]