Request for Project/Programme Funding from the Adaptation Fund

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Request for Project/Programme Funding from the Adaptation Fund REQUEST FOR PROJECT/PROGRAMME FUNDING FROM THE ADAPTATION FUND The annexed form should be completed and transmitted to the Adaptation Fund Board Secretariat by email or fax. Please type in the responses using the template provided. The instructions attached to the form provide guidance to filling out the template. Please note that a project/programme must be fully prepared (i.e., fully appraised for feasibility) when the request is submitted. The final project/programme document resulting from the appraisal process should be attached to this request for funding. Complete documentation should be sent to: The Adaptation Fund Board Secretariat 1818 H Street NW MSN P4-400 Washington, D.C., 20433 U.S.A Fax: +1 (202) 522-3240/5 Email: [email protected] 1 CONTENTS Contents ........................................................................................................................... 2 PART I: PROJECT INFORMATION ................................................................................. 5 Project / Programme Background and Context ......................................................................... 6 National and Local Level Context .......................................................................................... 6 Geography and Climate ..................................................................................................... 6 Political and Legislative ...................................................................................................... 8 Institutional Arrangements for Climate Change .................................................................. 9 Demography ..................................................................................................................... 10 Economy .......................................................................................................................... 10 Water Security Problems in Outer Islands ........................................................................... 11 Proposed Focus Area .............................................................................................................. 13 Yap State ............................................................................................................................. 13 Chuuk State ......................................................................................................................... 13 Pohnpei State ...................................................................................................................... 14 Kosrae State ........................................................................................................................ 14 Climate Change Impacts and Risks ........................................................................................ 15 Sea Level and Extreme High Tides ..................................................................................... 17 Rainfall ................................................................................................................................. 17 Vulnerability Assessment ..................................................................................................... 18 National Level Response to Vulnerability ................................................................................ 20 Water and Sanitation ............................................................................................................... 22 The Significance of Local Decision-Making to Water Security Adaptation in FSM .................. 22 Existing Resilient Practices in Water Security ......................................................................... 23 Existing Resilient Practices in Coastal Management .............................................................. 24 Project / Programme Objectives: ............................................................................................. 25 Project Components and Financing: ....................................................................................... 26 PART II: PROJECT JUSTIFICATION ............................................................................ 28 A. Project Components and Activities ................................................................................... 28 Component 1: Strengthening policy and institutional capacity for integrated coastal and water management at national, state levels and outer islands ...................................................... 28 2 Activity 1.1.1: Review of National-level legislation and policies for (i) infrastructure to identify climate change requirements; and (ii) regulatory and policy framework for climate change .............................................................................................................................. 28 Activity 1.1.2: Develop guidance based on recommendations from the review of coastal and marine management legislation and policy and monitor progress of recommendations uptake through relevant Departments .............................................................................. 28 Activity 1.2.1: Review of State-level legislation and policies for infrastructure to identify climate change requirements ........................................................................................... 28 Activity 1.2.2: Develop guidance based on recommendations from the review of coastal and marine management legislation and policy and monitor progress of recommendation uptake through relevant Departments .............................................................................. 29 Activity 1.3.1: Support the implementation of State-level Water Outlook and Investment Plans ................................................................................................................................ 29 Component 2: Demonstration of water security and sanitation measures in outer islands of Yap, Chuuk and Pohnpei ................................................................................................................. 31 Activity 2.1.1: Arrangements for demonstrations of water technologies ........................... 31 Activity 2.1.2: Carry out ground-truthing assessments ..................................................... 32 Activity 2.2.2: Repairing household rainwater harvesting and storage systems .............. 33 Activity 2.2.3: Constructing community rainwater harvesting and storage systems ......... 35 Activity 2.2.4: Implementation of a monitoring and maintenance programme .................. 36 Activity 2.3.1: Sanitation measures assessed and piloted in outer islands in Yap, Chuuk and Pohnpei ..................................................................................................................... 36 Component 3. Demonstration of adaptation measures for coastal communities in Kosrae State ..................................................................................................................................... 37 Activity 3.1.1: Survey and design road and related infrastructure to ensure climate change resilience .......................................................................................................................... 37 Activity 3.2.1: Coastal protection works ............................................................................ 40 Component 4: Knowledge management for improved water and coastal protection .............. 43 Activity 4.1.1: Undertake knowledge management, communication, and engagement activities ............................................................................................................................ 43 Activity 4.1.2. Capture and document data and information generated by the project ..... 44 B. Social, Economic, and Environmental benefits ................................................................ 45 C. Cost-effectiveness of the Proposed Project ..................................................................... 53 D. Consistency with National Strategies .................................................................................. 64 E. Technical Standards ......................................................................................................... 67 F. Project Duplication ........................................................................................................... 70 3 G. Learning and Knowledge Management ............................................................................ 70 H. Stakeholder Consultative Process ................................................................................... 72 I. Justification for Funding Request ..................................................................................... 77 J. Sustainability .................................................................................................................... 83 K. Environmental and Social Impacts and Risks .................................................................. 85 PART III: IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS ........................................................ 91 A. Institutional Arrangements .................................................................................................. 91 Project Implementing Agency .............................................................................................. 91 Project Executing Agency .................................................................................................... 91 Project Management Unit ...................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • "Higher" Form of Truth in The
    26 AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST [52,1950 According to the psychocultural thesis here submitted, myth varies with LITHI AND THE OUTER NATIVE WORLD* the historical stages of cultural thought, but the process of myth-making does not die a natural death with the emergence of critical, scientific thought. Each By WILLIAM A. LF6'$1\ epoch has its own type of myth and the age of science has inevitably produced LITHI occupies a significant and strategic place in the rel<, its own secular myths of rationalization. We must reckon with the fact that .-< which exist among the natives of the West Caroline Islands,'l'tions _rly cultural progress is not inevitable, and that rational thought has,proved itself ,ie<a'rea under the domination of Yap. It is the purpose of this papeoAicuWam­ quite capable of undermining its own foundations by espousing myth as a '~ethe manner in which the various islands and atolls are structun(Jiy~linked "higher" form of truth in the interests of national solidarity23 and by reducing p::.?ueanother, as well as to scan the more distant horizons of the native world all cultural ideologies to the level of fictions. Normative, critical, scientific iPown to ffiithians. thought provides the only tested means of combatting the growth of myth, External relations between Ulithi and certain islands stretching from Yap but it may do so only on condition that it retains its own integrity, and does ~!~ost to Truk are determined by political, kinship, and religious factors. not mistake reason for rationalization. !litically, the atoll is subordinate to Yap, on the west, but superior to THE VIKING FUND oleai"-the name which the people of Ulithi apply to the string of islands NEW YORK CITY ween them and Truk, on the east.
    [Show full text]
  • Ascertain Which Aspects of the Aboriginal Belief Structure, As 2) An
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 066 365 SO 002 935 AUTHOR Mitchell, Roger E. TITLE Oral Traditions of Micronesians as an Index to Culture Change Reflected in Micronesian College Graduates. Final Report. INSTITUTION Wisconsin State Univ.,Eau Claire. SPONS AGENCY Office of Education (DHEW), Washington, D.C. Bureau of Research. BUREAU NO BR-O-E-162 PUB DATE 1 Mar 72 GRANT OEG-5-71-0007-509 NOTE 27p. EDRS PRICE MF-$0 .65 BC-$3. 29 DESCRIPTORS *Acculturation; Biculturalism; *College Students; Cultural Background; Cultural Differences; *Cultural Factors; *Folk Culture; Interviews; *Oral Communication; Values IDENTIFIERS *Micronesians ABSTRACT The study on which this final report is based focused on selected Micronesian students at the University of Guam who, after receiving their degrees, will return to their home islands to assume positions requiring them to function as intermediaries between the American and Micronesian approaches of life. Interviews with these students and with less-educated fellow islanders were taped to: 1) ascertain which aspects of the aboriginal belief structure, as preserved in oral tradition, have been most resistant to change; and, 2) an attempt to establish if the students are fairly representative of their traditional belief and value system despite their American-sponsored educations. Some of the findings were: that student belief in, and knowledge of the old mythological and cosmological constructs was generally low; that belief was high in magic, native medicine, and spirits; and that young and old alike were receptive to attempts at cultural preservations. The report contains a summary of the study, a discussion of study background, a description of methods used in collection of the folktales, analyses of the oral traditions, 16 references, and a bibliography containing over 100 entries.
    [Show full text]
  • Renewable Energy Development Project
    Project Number: 49450-023 November 2019 Pacific Renewable Energy Investment Facility Federated States of Micronesia: Renewable Energy Development Project This document is being disclosed to the public in accordance with ADB’s Access to Information Policy. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS The currency unit of the Federated States of Micronesia is the United States dollar. ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank BESS – battery energy storage system COFA – Compact of Free Association DOFA – Department of Finance and Administration DORD – Department of Resources and Development EIRR – economic internal rate of return FMR – Financial Management Regulations FSM – Federated States of Micronesia GDP – gross domestic product GHG – greenhouse gas GWh – gigawatt-hour KUA – Kosrae Utilities Authority kW – kilowatt kWh – kilowatt-hour MW – megawatt O&M – operation and maintenance PAM – project administration manual PIC – project implementation consultant PUC – Pohnpei Utilities Corporation TA – technical assistance YSPSC – Yap State Public Service Corporation NOTE In this report, “$” refers to United States dollars unless otherwise stated. Vice-President Ahmed M. Saeed, Operations 2 Director General Ma. Carmela D. Locsin, Pacific Department (PARD) Director Olly Norojono, Energy Division, PARD Team leader J. Michael Trainor, Energy Specialist, PARD Team members Tahmeen Ahmad, Financial Management Specialist, Procurement, Portfolio, and Financial Management Department (PPFD) Taniela Faletau, Safeguards Specialist, PARD Eric Gagnon, Principal Procurement Specialist,
    [Show full text]
  • Nautical Cartography and Traditional Navigation in Oceania
    13 · Nautical Cartography and Traditional Navigation in Oceania BEN FINNEY MENTAL CARTOGRAPHY formal images and their own sense perceptions to guide their canoes over the ocean. The navigational practices of Oceanians present some­ The idea of physically portraying their mental images what of a puzzle to the student of the history of carto­ was not alien to these specialists, however. Early Western graphy. Here were superb navigators who sailed their ca­ explorers and missionaries recorded instances of how in­ noes from island to island, spending days or sometimes digenous navigators, when questioned about the islands many weeks out of sight of land, and who found their surrounding their own, readily produced maps by tracing way without consulting any instruments or charts at sea. lines in the sand or arranging pieces of coral. Some of Instead, they carried in their head images of the spread of these early visitors drew up charts based on such ephem­ islands over the ocean and envisioned in the mind's eye eral maps or from information their informants supplied the bearings from one to the other in terms of a con­ by word and gesture on the bearing and distance to the ceptual compass whose points were typically delineated islands they knew. according to the rising and setting of key stars and con­ Furthermore, on some islands master navigators taught stellations or the directions from which named winds their pupils a conceptual "star compass" by laying out blow. Within this mental framework of islands and bear­ coral fragments to signify the rising and setting points of ings, to guide their canoes to destinations lying over the key stars and constellations.
    [Show full text]
  • THE CONGRESS of MICRONESIA NORMAN MELLER with the Assistance of Terza Meller
    THE CONGRESS OF MICRONESIA NORMAN MELLER with the assistance of Terza Meller THE CONGRESS OF MICRONESIA Development of the Legislative Process in the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands Open Access edition funded by the National En- dowment for the Humanities / Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book Program. Licensed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Inter- national (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits readers to freely download and share the work in print or electronic format for non- commercial purposes, so long as credit is given to the author. Derivative works and commercial uses require permission from the publisher. For details, see https://creativecommons.org/li- censes/by-nc-nd/4.0/. The Creative Commons license described above does not apply to any material that is separately copy- righted. Open Access ISBNs: 9780824883683 (PDF) 9780824883690 (EPUB) This version created: 5 September, 2019 Please visit www.hawaiiopen.org for more Open Access works from University of Hawai‘i Press. v COPYRIGHT 1969 BY UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII PRESS Foreword IN ORDER TO WRITE a book about the development of leg- islatures in the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, it was first essential to determine how to identify a legislature. Obviously, reliance could not be placed upon names, as evidenced by the Olbiil era Kelulau, the body which functioned in the Palau dis- trict between the years 1955 and 1963: translated into English, this would be “meeting place of whispers!” Looking at functions proved
    [Show full text]
  • An Atlas of 1975 Geos-3 Radar Altimeter Data for Hurricane/Tropical Disturbance Studies
    NASA TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM NASA TM-X-69364(II) AN ATLAS OF 1975 GEOS-3 RADAR ALTIMETER DATA FOR HURRICANE/TROPICAL DISTURBANCE STUDIES Volume II. (NASA-TM-X-69364-Vol-2) AN ATLAS OF 1975 N77-2t727i GEOS-3 RADAHR ALTIMETER DATA FOR HURRICANE/TROPICAL DISTURBANCE STUDIES, VOLUME 2 (NASA) 241 p HC All/MF A01 Unclas .. CSCL. 04B G3/47 34122 J H. Ray Stanley NASA Wallops Flight Center Wallops Island, Virginia 23337 and Barbara Chan &John R. Munson EG&G/Washington Analytical Services Center, Inc. Wolf Research and Development Group P.O. Box 476 Pocomoke City, Maryland 21851 NASA< National Aeronautics and Space Administration Wallops Flight Center Wallops Island Virginia 23337 AC 804 824-3411 April 1977 1. Report No. 2 Government Accession No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No. NASA TM-X-69364 ] 4 Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date -An Atlas of 1975 GEOS-3 Radar Altimeter Data for Hurricane/ April 1977 Tropical Disturbance Studies (Volumes I and II) 6 Performing Organization Code 7 Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report No H. Ray Stanley, NASA Wallops Flight Center Barbara Chan, John R. Munson, Wolf Research and Development Group __________________________________________________________________10. Work Unit No. 9. Performing Organization Name and Address EG&G/lasington Analytical Services Center, Inc. Wolf Research and Development Group 11. Contract or Grant No. P.O. Box 476 NAS6-2639 Pocomoke City, Maryland 21851 13. Type of Report and Period Covered 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address National Aeronautics and Space Administration Wallops Flight Center 14. Sponsoring Agency Code Wallops Island, Virginia 23337 15. Supplementary Notes 16.
    [Show full text]
  • Enhancing Climate Change Resilience of Vulnerable Island Communities in FSM Environmental and Social Management Plan
    Enhancing Climate Change Resilience of Vulnerable Island Communities of FSM Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Rev B September 2019 Federated States of Micronesia Enhancing Climate Change Resilience of Vulnerable Island Communities in FSM Environmental and Social Management Plan 0 Enhancing Climate Change Resilience of Vulnerable Island Communities in FSM Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Rev B October 2019 ENHANCING THE CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE OF VULNERABLE ISLAND COMMUNITIES IN FSM Environmental and Social Management Plan Quality Information Document Environmental and Social Management Plan Revision B Date October 2019 Prepared by Kate Walker, SPREP Revision History Revision Revision Date Details A May 2016 ESMP for Project Preparation B October 2019 Updated for Project Implementation 1 Enhancing Climate Change Resilience of Vulnerable Island Communities in FSM Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) Rev B October 2019 Glossary AF Adaptation Fun AP Affected Persons CBA Cost Benefit Analysis DECEM Department of Environment, Climate Change and Emergency Management DTI Department of Transport & Infrastructure EE Executing Entity EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EIS Environmental Impact Statement EPA Environmental Protection Agency ESCP Erosion and Sediment Control Plan ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan ESS Environmental and Social Safeguards FSM Federated States of Micronesia GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism IE Implementing Entity IWRM Integrated Water Resource Management KIRMA Kosrae
    [Show full text]
  • The Caroline Islands Script
    The Caroline Islands script A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAll IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN PACIFIC ISLAND STUDIES AUGUST 1993 By Alexander Johan de Voogt Thesis Committee: Robert C. Kiste, Chairperson Kenneth Rehg Donald M. Topping We certify that we have read this thesis and that, in our opinion, it is satisfactory in scope and quality as a thesis for the degree of Master of Arts in Pacific Island Studies. Thesis Committee Chairperson 11 Copyright by Alexander J. de Voogt 111 Acknowledgements I wish to express my gratitude to Karen Peacock of Hamilton Library, Terence Wesley-Smith, Constance G. Dickmeyer and Cornelia Moore for their assistance in preparing this manuscript. lowe particular thanks to Christy Harrington and Kathy Czar for providing an ideal study environment and the Fulbright foundation for their financial support. IV Abstract This thesis maintains that the Caroline Islands script has been unjustly dismissed as a preferable orthography for the Woleaian language. The reason for this dismissal were twofold: (l) the researchers compared the script with an inaccurate tentative orthography by Smith (1951) and (2) there are still many misconceptions about syllabaries in general. However, this thesis seeks to show that the script should be preferred to introduced Roman alphabets for the Woleaian language, since (l) it strengthens cultural practices, (2) enforces indigenous forms of education and (3) adds to cultural pride, whereas schooling with conventional Roman alphabet orthographies tend to influence these factors negatively. Three syllabaries, the Yi, the Vai and the Cherokee syllabary, with histories similar to the Caroline Islands script support the thesis that the script should be preferred for cultural reasons.
    [Show full text]
  • Climate Change in the Federated States of Micronesia Food and Water Security, Climate Risk Management, and Adaptive Strategies
    CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIA FOOD AND WATER SECURITY, CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT, AND ADAPTIVE STRATEGIES REPORT OF FINDINGS 2010 By Charles H. Fletcher1 and Bruce M. Richmond2 1Professor, Department of Geology and Geophysics at the University of Hawai‘i at Mänoa, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology. 2Geologist, US Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Geology Science Center. CenterICAP for Island Climate Adaptation and Policy The University of Hawai‘i Sea Grant College Program (UH Sea Grant) has served Hawai‘i and the Pacific for over 40 years and is dedicated to achieving resilient coastal communities characterized by vibrant economies, social and cultural sustainability and environmental soundness. In partnership with the William S. Richardson School of Law, the School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, the College of Social Sciences, and the Hawai‘inuiäkea School of Hawaiian Knowledge, UH Sea Grant established the Center for Island Climate Adaptation and Policy (ICAP). FROM UH TO YOU ICAP connects individuals and institutions to the rich climate knowledge at the University of Hawai‘i. The center offers work product in the areas of law, policy, planning, and science to mitigate and adapt to climate change while embracing the wisdom of local, traditional cultures. For further information, please contact us: University of Hawai‘i University of Hawai‘i at Mänoa Sea Grant College Program William S. Richardson School of Law School of Ocean and Earth 2515 Dole Street, Rm. 207C Science and Technology Honolulu, HI 96822 2525 Correa Road, HIG 212 (808) 956-2865 Honolulu, HI 96822 [email protected] (808) 956-2865 [email protected] www.islandclimate.org This paper is funded by a grant/cooperative agreement from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration which is sponsored by the University of Hawai‘i Sea Grant College Program, SOEST, under Institutional Grant No.
    [Show full text]
  • Submission by the Federated States of Micronesia to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf Concerning the Eauripik Rise
    _____________________________________ SUBMISSION BY THE FEDERATED STATES OF MICRONESIA TO THE COMMISSION ON THE LIMITS OF THE CONTINENTAL SHELF CONCERNING THE EAURIPIK RISE _____________________________________ EXECUTIVE SUMMARY FSM-ES-DOC Page intentionally left blank TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................................... i LIST OF MAPS ................................................................................................................... ii LIST OF ANNEXES .............................................................................................................. ii PREFACE ......................................................................................................................... iii 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1 2. PARTIAL SUBMISSION ............................................................................................... 2 3. MAPS AND COORDINATES .......................................................................................... 3 4. PROVISIONS OF ARTICLE 76 INVOKED ......................................................................... 5 5. ADVISORY ASSISTANCE .............................................................................................. 5 6. SETTLED AND OUTSTANDING DELIMITATIONS .............................................................. 5 7. ABSENCE OF DISPUTES .............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • To NGA Charts, Region 8
    1 REGION 8 2 COASTAL CHARTS Stock Number Title Scale =1: 76020 New Caledonia to New Zealand (OMEGA) 1,549,000 76030 Fiji to New Zealand 1,936,290 81001 Mindanao to Palau Islands (OMEGA) 1,000,000 81002 Caroline Islands-Westem Part (OMEGA) 1,000,000 81007 Bikini Atoll to Mili Atoll (OMEGA) 1,000,000 81012 Namorik Atoll to Nonouti (OMEGA) 1,000,000 Plans: A. Nauru 75,000 B. Banaba (Ocean Island) 55,200 C. Home Bay (Ocean Island) 12,000 81016 Kusaie to Ngatik Atoll (Caroline Islands-North Pacific Ocean) 967,700 81019 Kosrae Island to Ngatik Atoll 1,000,000 81023 Nomoi Islands to Faraulep Atoll (Caroline Islands) (OMEGA) 1,000,000 82005 Bismarck Sea and Solomon Sea 1,000,000 82010 Bismarck Archipelago and Solomon Islands 1,090,000 82015 Solomon Islands 963,727 82020 Solomon Islands to Vanuatu 1,660,000 82030 New Caledonia to Fiji and Vanuatu (New Hebrides) (OMEGA) 1,658,000 83005 Gilbert Islands to Tuvalu Islands (OMEGA) 1,000,000 Plans: A. Beru-Espiegle Anchorage 12,000 B. Onotao 160,000 (Plans indexed on page 11) 83010 Howland Island to Samoa Islands (OMEGA) 1,740,100 83015 Enderbury Island (Phoenix Islands) to Christmas Island (OMEGA) 1,728,000 83020 Iles Marquises Islands (South Pacific Ocean) 962,050 83024 Hao to Fangataufa 577,585 83032 Tuvalu Islands, Rotuma and Iles de Horne (OMEGA) 1,000,000 83034 Fiji-Iles de Horne (OMEGA) 1,000,000 83039 Fiji Islands to Samoa Islands (OMEGA) 1,676,980 83255 Mururoa to Fangataufa 149,946 83500 Fiji and Tonga Islands (OMEGA) 1,000,000 97000 Nampo-Shoto (OMEGA) 1,000,000 3 MARIANA ISLANDS AREA 4 Stock Number Title Scale = 1: 81060 Saipan to Santa Rosa Reef 340,000 81133 Caroline Islands (North Pacific Ocean) Plan: L.
    [Show full text]
  • Adapting to Climate Change Impacts in Yap State, Federated States of Micronesia: the Importance of Environmental Conditions and Intangible Cultural Heritage
    Island Studies Journal, 13(1), pp. 65-78 Adapting to climate change impacts in Yap State, Federated States of Micronesia: the importance of environmental conditions and intangible cultural heritage Reed M. Perkins Department of Environmental Science, Queens University of Charlotte, USA [email protected] Stefan Michael Krause Department of Humanities, Beacon College, USA [email protected] ABSTRACT: In western Micronesia, sea levels are rising at three to four times the global average, saltwater intrusion is impacting freshwater supplies and food production, and local cultures are being forced to respond. Yap State, Federated States of Micronesia (9.5N, 138E), consists of a cluster of four main islands (MI) and 14 coral atolls and smaller outer islands (OI) spread over 400,000 km2 of ocean. This paper examines three aspects of Yap State’s adaptive capacity to climate change impacts: 1) differences in environmental conditions between the MI and OI; 2) relevant features of the MI’s cultural heritage; and 3) relevant features of OI’s cultural heritage, including values and practices surrounding the sawei system relationship. Cultural support networks in both the MI and OI will almost certainly be relied upon to lessen the severity of climate change impacts, perhaps especially as more OI residents relocate to the MI. More research is needed to document how features of intangible cultural heritage that create and maintain social resilience in Yap State will shape residents’ adaptive capacity to climate change. Keywords: adaptive capacity, atolls, climate change, cultural heritage, Pacific, Small Island Developing States (SIDS), Yap https://doi.org/10.24043/isj.51 © 2018 – Institute of Island Studies, University of Prince Edward Island, Canada.
    [Show full text]