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Assessing Sustainable Development Potential of Rural Territories

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Assessing Sustainable Development Potential of Rural Territories Vol. 9 Núm. 26 / Febrero 2020 479 Artículo de investigación Assessing Sustainable Development Potential of Rural Territories Оценка Потенциала Устойчивого Развития Сельских Регионов Recibido: 5 de noviembre del 2019 Aceptado: 3 de enero del 2020 Written by: Elena Gennadevna Kolesnikova187 https://elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?authorid=347509 Marina Mihaylovna Bogdanova188 https://elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?authorid=273592 Tatiana Gennadevna Elistratova189 https://elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?authorid=706011 Svetlana Viktorovna Levicheva190 https://elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?authorid=715363 Natalia Vladimirovna Pislegina191 https://elibrary.ru/author_items.asp?authorid=409150 Abstract Аннотация The paper presents an analysis of the resource В статье представлено исследование по оценке potential of sustainable rural development in two ресурсного потенциала устойчивого развития regions of the Russian Federation, namely, the сельских территорий в двух регионах Российской Федерации: Алтайском крае Altay territory (which is an agricultural region) (сельскохозяйственный регион) и Кемеровской and the Kemerovo region (an industrial region области (промышленный регион с with an auxiliary role of agriculture). Agriculture вспомогательной функцией сельского хозяйства). is predominantly developing in agricultural areas Сельское хозяйство развивается преимущественно represented by a comprehensive complex of на сельских территориях, которые представляют resources. The lack of systemic approach in собой сложный комплекс ресурсов. Отсутствие agricultural development has led to the irrational системности в развитии сельских территорий в distribution of productive forces, inferior немалой степени привело к нерациональному development of social and household размещению производительных сил, неразвитости социально-бытовой инфраструктуры и другим infrastructure, and other imbalances having диспропорциям, что отрицательно сказалось на adverse effects on agricultural economic эффективности сельской экономики и условиях performance and living conditions in rural areas. проживания в сельской местности. Для решения To address this problem, the authors have данной проблемы была разработана авторская developed an original method of resource методика оценки ресурсного потенциала сельских potential analysis for rural areas, including a территорий, которая представляет собой combination of economic, social, and совокупность экономических, социальных, infrastructure indicators. инфраструктурных показателей. Ключевые слова: сельская территория, Key Words: Resource potential, rural area, устойчивое развитие сельских территорий, sustainable rural development. ресурсный потенциал. 187 The Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kemerovo State University”, Institute of Economics and Management, Kemerovo, Russia 188 Altai branch of The Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Education “Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation”, Barnaul, Russia 189 Altai branch of The Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Education “Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation”, Barnaul, Russia 190 Altai branch of The Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Education “Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation”, Barnaul, Russia 191 Altai branch of The Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Education “Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation”, Barnaul, Russia Encuentre este artículo en http:// www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322- 6307 Kolesnikova, E., Bogdanova, M., Elistratova, T., Levicheva, S., Pislegina, N. /Vol. 9 Núm. 26: 479 - 485/ Febrero 2020 480 Introduction Rural areas make a crucial factors. Economic factors include a wide range of socioeconomic subsystem of society. They have indicators, however, there is no single theoretical their specific profile, objectives, goals, principles, and methodological mechanism for analysing the and development criteria. They are all diverse in influence of non-economic factors on rural terms of location and by natural, economic, development. demographic, and infrastructure resource availability for pursuing agriculture and certain The purpose of this study is to develop the production specialisations. methodology of assessment of rural regional potential based on the influence of economic, Sustainable rural development is a global challenge. social, and infrastructure factors to ensure The subject relevance lies in the fact that sustainable development of such regions and economically stable and socially advanced rural promote national interests in general. areas make the stronghold of national stability, independence, and food security, which means that The scientific novelty of this research consists in the vector of their development makes a priority of expanding scholarly knowledge on the assessment national policies. The issues of sustainable of rural potential along the way of implementation development, rational natural management, and of sustainable development goals. common prosperity have repeatedly become the topic of UN Conferences on Environment and Background Review Development (UNCED) (Agenda 21 Convention, n/d.). The sustainable development problem was Rural development is now an uneven process. first brought forward at a UN meeting by the Despite the dynamic growth of the agro-industrial Brundtland Commission (the World Commission complex, rural living standards and quality of life on Environment and Development) in 1987 (Report have significantly lagged behind as compared to of the World Commission, 1987). The Rio de the urban standards, with narrowing accessibility of Janeiro conference in 1992 (The Rio Declaration, social services and deepening information and 1992) addressed the problems of rational natural innovation gap, leading to increased migration management. In 2012, the decision was made to outflows from rural areas and lost development establish the Working Group, which proposed the rates of rural areas. The expansion of urban guidelines on determining the 17 Sustainable agglomerations as a result of migration from rural Development Goals (SDG) in 2015 and areas leads to declines in rural producer numbers, documented them in the paper entitled lower used land rates, and, consequently, reliance Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for on imports for food supplies (Ivanova, 2014). Sustainable Development. Russia has been actively engaged in the SDG agenda since 2015. Russia has We believe solving these problems should involve cooperated with international organisations in the the formulation of forward-looking rural UN system and contributed to projects concerned development policy. Resource potential is shaped with food security, infrastructure modernization, by both economic and non-economic indicators and solving economic problems in the developing (Sagatgareev, 2018). Thus, there may be two world. directions of research, i.e., sustainable development with a clear environmental focus and rural To foster social and economic potential and steady development in terms of social aspects and complex improvement of living standards and quality of life development patterns of rural areas. The former is for rural populations, the primarily a focus of environmental researchers Strategy of sustainable development of rural analysing resource potential as the foundation for areas of the Russian Federation for the period until the preservation of the biosphere (Trotskovskii, 2030 was adopted (Strategy of sustainable 2013). development, 2015). The Strategy builds on the main directions of the earlier Concept of Researchers of the second direction approach rural Sustainable Development of Rural Areas of the areas as a socioeconomic subsystem and identify Russian Federation until 2030 approved by the several factors of sustainability in development Resolution of the Government of the Russian processes. I. N. Merenkova (Merenkova, 2011) Federation of November 30, 2010 No. 2136-р. classifies the factors of sustainable rural development by territorial aspects (external and The progress of the Concept is measured by the internal), by development spheres (economic, achieved levels of sustainable development of rural social, institutional, and environmental), and by the areas. These levels depend on the following groups degree of influence on the territory (direct and of factors: infrastructure, economic, and social indirect). A somewhat different classification Encuentre este artículo en http://www.udla.edu.co/revistas/index.php/amazonia-investiga o www.amazoniainvestiga.info ISSN 2322- 6307 Vol. 9 Núm. 26 / Febrero 2020 481 approach is proposed in the papers by Iu. A. The methodology is tested in two trans-border Lemetti. External factors are discussed in the macro regions, the Kemerovo region and the Altay environment and classified as cyclical territory. developmental, geopolitical and geoeconomic, natural and climate, and historical and cultural The Kemerovo region, as an advanced industrial factors. Internal factors (microenvironment), region, is one of the highly urbanised federal according to her classification, include a prolonged subjects of the Russian Federation. It counts 17 systemic rural development crisis, rural cities of regional subordination, three towns of sociodemographic crisis, as well as technological district subordination, 13 urban districts, and 47 degrading of agriculture and inert management urban
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