American Peacemakers: the Nobel Peace Laureates of the United States of America ______
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Lesson plans for American Nobel Peace Laureates pg. 1 of 133 American Peacemakers: The Nobel Peace Laureates of the United States of America ______________________________ Curriculum by Nancy Newman, Jerry Ragan, & Jessica Tuerk Sponsored by the Nobel Peace Laureate Project This work was made possible by a grant from the Jubitz Family Foundation Portland, Oregon Lesson plans for American Nobel Peace Laureates pg. 2 of 133 Nancy Newman taught secondary social studies, language arts, and technology for 34 years. She helped create and maintains the Peace Project , an international award winning student-developed web project. She supervises and teaches for the University of Oregon College of Education Middle/Secondary program. Jerry Ragan is a former elementary and high school administrator and now teaches history at Marist High School, Eugene, Oregon. Jessica Tuerk is an educator from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and a freelance writer interested in alternative education and educational travel. She earned an M.A. Ed. At the University of Pennsylvania and has taught social studies for 3 years. Copyright 2006 by Nobel Peace Laureate Project Permission is given to teachers to download and photocopy these materials for instructional use in schools only. No part of these materials may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever for sale or commercial use. Lesson plans for American Nobel Peace Laureates pg. 3 of 133 Nobel Peace Laureate Project The materials compiled and written by our team of writers are available for your classroom teaching use free of charge. It is intended to fill a gap of knowledge in American social studies and history courses that can be illustrated by a pop quiz which follows. Q -- Without outside help or consulting any resources identify the following six individuals: Group one: Robert E. Lee, Douglas MacArthur, Norman Schwartzkopf. Group two: John Mott, Norman Borlaug, Jody Williams A -- The first three are American generals. The last three are Americans who have won the Nobel Peace Prize. Examine a typical U. S. history textbook to find out more. The Nobel Peace Laureate Project is a grass roots organization in Eugene, Oregon, that has two goals. One is to increase the knowledge Americans have of their own internationally recognized peace-makers. That is why this curriculum has been written for use in the high schools. When additional funds become available, the Nobel Project intends to write curriculums for use by middle school and elementary school students respectively. The second goal, much more expensive, is to erect a monument honoring the 22 American individuals and groups who have won the Nobel Peace Prize. Room is provided for what hopefully will be future expansion. The monument will take the form of a winding peace path and serpentine wall in Eugene’s Alton Baker Park. Along the path will be pillars on which will be displayed descriptions of what each Laureate did to merit the Peace Prize. Images and logos will be included. New plants and trees will be planted with the object of forming a canopy of branches overhanging the Peace Path. The Nobel Project can use your help in reaching these goals. We need volunteers interested in publicizing the monument or speaking to groups in your area, and donations to help bring the monument to life. For more information contact: Lesson plans for American Nobel Peace Laureates pg. 4 of 133 Nobel Peace Laureate Project 2335 Terrace View Drive Eugene, OR 97405 [email protected] www.nobelpeacemonument.org Lesson plans for American Nobel Peace Laureates pg. 5 of 133 Table of Contents Introduction for the teacher..............................................................................................................4 Introduction to the Peace Prize ........................................................................................................5 Laureate Biographies and Study Materials Theodore Roosevelt – 1906 .............................................................................................................8 Elihu Root – 1912 ..........................................................................................................................14 Woodrow Wilson – 1919...............................................................................................................18 Charles Dawes – 1925 ...................................................................................................................27 Frank Kellogg – 1929 ....................................................................................................................33 JaneAddams1931/ .........................................................................................................................39 Nicolas Murry Butler - 1931 .........................................................................................................45 Cordell Hull – 1945 .......................................................................................................................48 Emily Balch -1946/........................................................................................................................53 John Raleigh Mott – 1946..............................................................................................................58 American Friends Service Committee –1947................................................................................64 Ralph Bunche – 1950.....................................................................................................................70 George Marshall – 1953.................................................................................................................75 Linus Pauling – 1962 .....................................................................................................................81 Martin Luther King, Jr. - 1964. .....................................................................................................88 Norman Borlaug – 1970.................................................................................................................95 Henry Kissinger – 1973 ...............................................................................................................100 International Physicians for the Prevention of War – 1985.........................................................107 Elie Wiesel – 1986.......................................................................................................................112 Jody Williams and The International Campaign to Ban Landmines– 1997 ................................118 Jimmy Carter – 2002....................................................................................................................122 Assessment Activities ..................................................................................................................127 Lesson plans for American Nobel Peace Laureates pg. 6 of 133 Introduction for Teachers We are grateful for your interest in learning more about and honoring the American recipients of the Nobel Peace Prize. The work of these individuals and organizations in the cause of peace is truly inspirational and worthy of inclusion in the education of all students. Recognition by the Nobel Committee is testimony to the value of ideals, dedication, and hard work in making the world a better and safer place. We encourage the use of the curriculum suggestions contained on this web site. They were designed to be used either as a total package or in select sections, according to the goals of the instructor, and they can be incorporated into a wide array of subject areas. The curriculum committee endeavored to balance our enthusiasm for what we believe to be very important instructional material for all students with the need of classroom teachers to have pedagogical control of the lessons and activities to be offered. Therefore, we agreed to the following general content for each Nobel Prize Winner, which teachers may utilize in total or selectively: I. Biographical Essay of the Nobel Laureate II. Suggested Classroom Activities a. Introduction/Warm-Up b. Discussion Questions (Levels 1, 2, 3) c. Vocabulary d. Activity e. Technology Option III. Resources IV. Summative Activities Thank you for providing these opportunities for your students! Lesson plans for American Nobel Peace Laureates pg. 7 of 133 Introduction to the Peace Prize The Nobel Peace Prize Committee has honored 86 persons and organizations since 1901. Of those, nearly one quarter come from the United States. Such a preponderance of American laureates provides strong evidence of our country’s influence in the great events of the last century. But what does it mean to receive the Nobel Peace Prize? Where does it come from, and who bestows it? How might someone win such an honor? The answers to these questions go back to the invention of dynamite. Alfred Nobel’s invention was actually aimed at making life safer, especially for miners. Dynamite came from mixing nitro-glycerin (one of the most explosive and volatile substances in the world) and kieselguhr , a type of fine sand. The resulting mixture was a paste that could safely be shaped and molded. Nobel’s invention was an enormous success, although his earlier experiments blew up the family home and killed Alfred’s younger brother. With dynamite being produced all over Europe, Alfred became very wealthy. When he died in 1895, he willed that his money be used to create a foundation. The foundation would honor excellence in five fields: Medicine,