Étude in Vivo / in Vitro De L'effet De La Zéaralénone Sur L'expression De

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Étude in Vivo / in Vitro De L'effet De La Zéaralénone Sur L'expression De Étude in vivo / in vitro de l’effet de la zéaralénone sur l’expression de transporteurs ABC majeurs lors d’une exposition gestationnelle ou néonatale Farah Koraichi To cite this version: Farah Koraichi. Étude in vivo / in vitro de l’effet de la zéaralénone sur l’expression de transporteurs ABC majeurs lors d’une exposition gestationnelle ou néonatale. Toxicologie. Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. Français. NNT : 2012LYO10314. tel-01071280 HAL Id: tel-01071280 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01071280 Submitted on 3 Oct 2014 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. N° d’ordre 314-2012 Année 2012 THESE DE L’UNIVERSITE DE LYON Délivrée par L’UNIVERSITE CLAUDE BERNARD LYON 1 ECOLE DOCTORALE INTERDISCIPLINAIRE SCIENCES-SANTE (EDISS) DIPLOME DE DOCTORAT (arrêté du 7 août 2006) soutenue publiquement le 20 décembre 2012 par Mlle Farah KORAÏCHI TITRE : ETUDE IN VIVO/IN VITRO DE L’EFFET DE LA ZEARALENONE SUR l’EXPRESSION DE TRANSPORTEURS ABC MAJEURS LORS D’UNE EXPOSITION GESTATIONNELLE OU NEONATALE Directeur de thèse: Sylvaine LECOEUR Co-directeur de thèse: Caroline PROUILLAC JURY: Président Pr Jérôme GUITTON Professeur, Université Lyon 1 Rapporteur Dr Anne LESPINE Directeur de Recherche INRA, Toulouse Rapporteur Dr Hamid BOUDRA Ingénieur de Recherche INRA, Clermont-Ferrand Examinateur Dr Arnaud COURTOIS Maître de Conférences, Université Bordeaux II Examinateur Dr Caroline PROUILLAC Maître de Conférences, VetagroSup Examinateur Dr Sylvaine LECOEUR Directeur de Recherche INRA, Université Lyon 1 N° d’ordre 314-2012 Année 2012 THESE DE L’UNIVERSITE DE LYON Délivrée par L’UNIVERSITE CLAUDE BERNARD LYON 1 ECOLE DOCTORALE INTERDISCIPLINAIRE SCIENCES-SANTE (EDISS) DIPLOME DE DOCTORAT (arrêté du 7 août 2006) soutenue publiquement le 20 décembre 2012 par Mlle Farah KORAÏCHI TITRE : ETUDE IN VIVO/IN VITRO DE L’EFFET DE LA ZEARALENONE SUR l’EXPRESSION DE TRANSPORTEURS ABC MAJEURS LORS D’UNE EXPOSITION GESTATIONNELLE OU NEONATALE Directeur de thèse: Sylvaine LECOEUR Co-directeur de thèse: Caroline PROUILLAC JURY: Président Pr Jérôme GUITTON Professeur Université Lyon 1 Rapporteur Dr Anne LESPINE Directeur de Recherche INRA, Toulouse Rapporteur Dr Hamid BOUDRA Ingénieur de Recherche, INRA Clermont-Ferrand Examinateur Dr Arnaud COURTOIS Maître de Conférences Université Bordeaux II Examinateur Dr Caroline PROUILLAC Maître de Conférences VetagroSup Examinateur Dr Sylvaine LECOEUR Directeur de Recherche INRA, Université Lyon 1 1 A mes parents 2 REMERCIEMENTS REMERCIEMENTS Je tiens tout d’abord à remercier L’Ecole Doctorale Interdisciplinaire Sciences et Santé (EDISS) qui m’a permis de réaliser cette thèse. J’exprime toute ma reconnaissance aux membres du jury Monsieur le Professeur Jérôme Guitton, pour l’honneur qu’il m’a fait d’accepter la présidence de mon jury de thèse. Madame Anne LESPINE et Monsieur Hamid BOUDRA pour avoir accepté d’être rapporteurs de ce travail, et Monsieur Arnaud COURTOIS pour sa participation au jury. Mes remerciements les plus chaleureux vont à Madame Sylvaine LECOEUR et Mademoiselle Caroline PROUILLAC, pour leur encadrement de qualité et leurs précieux conseils. Je vous remercie infiniment de m’avoir fait confiance, soutenue et encouragée tout au long de ce travail. Vous avez tout mon respect et mon affection. Je tiens à remercier Monsieur le Professeur Etienne BENOIT et Monsieur le Professeur Hubert VIDAL de m’avoir accueillie au sein de leurs laboratoires, ainsi que Monsieur le Professeur Mohamed Benahmed de m’avoir permis d’effectuer une partie de mes expérimentations au sein de son laboratoire à Nice. Je remercie également, Mes parents (Farid et Farida), mon frère Fadel, et mes sœurs Feriel, Fairouz et Faten, pour leur soutien et leurs encouragements malgré la distance. Merci pour votre amour inconditionnel. Cette thèse vous est dédiée. Jean Baptiste, mon âme sœur, qui m’a soutenue, encouragée et a toujours été là pour moi. Je n’oublie pas ton aide précieuse dans la mise en page de cette thèse. Merci de faire partie de ma vie, je te dédie également cette thèse. 3 REMERCIEMENTS Bernadette, ma maman de substitution, je me demande ce que j’aurai pu faire sans toi! Je n’oublierai jamais tout ce que tu as fait pour moi et tous les merveilleux moments qu’on a passé ensemble au bureau et ailleurs, et Michelle la plus drôle et la plus poète des personnes que je connaisse, merci de toujours penser à moi. Je chéris tous les bons moments qu’on a passés ensembles Mes remerciements vont A Alex et Alice, mes amis que je chéris profondément. Merci pour votre soutien et votre présence et pour les merveilleux moments passés en votre compagnie. Aux thésards et non thésards du campus vétérinaire de Lyon: Audrey, Thibaut, Laure, Clément, Julie, Sébastien, Aliénor, Lysiane, Pierre, Loris, Dominique, Benjamin, Abdé pour votre sympathie et les joyeux moments passés ensembles. Je remercie Les thésards et non thésard du C3M à Nice: Aurélie, Léo, Nadjem, Lilia, Benazir, Lilia, et Basma pour leur aide précieuse dans ce travail et leur sympathie. Je remercie également Les thésards et stagiaires du laboratoire CarMeN: Pierre (mon ChouChou), Roméo, Alexis, Kevin, Julien, Colin, Joffrey, Ouafa, Cyrielle, Yoan, pour avoir intégrée «la pièce rapportée» dans leur groupe. Merci d’être aussi sympa et déjantés! Et Marie-Agnès pour sa précieuse aide dans la technique de Western Blotting et sa bonne humeur Stéphanie, de toujours penser à moi. Tu as toute mon affection. Je remercie enfin, L’ensemble du personnel du laboratoire de Toxicologie-Pharmacie du Campus vétérinaire de Lyon, et du Laboratoire CarMeN à Lyon Sud, pour leur présence et leur sympathie. 4 TITRE: ETUDE IN VIVO/IN VITRO DE L’EFFET DE LA ZEARALENONE SUR l’EXPRESSION DE TRANSPORTEURS ABC MAJEURS LORS D’UNE EXPOSITION GESTATIONNELLE OU NEONATALE ___________________________________________________________________________ RESUME La zéaralénone (ZEN) est une mycotoxine produite par des Fusarium qui contaminent les cultures céréalières. Oestrogéno-mimétique et perturbateur endocrinien, ses effets toxiques concernent l’appareil reproducteur. En amont de l’évaluation du risque lié à une exposition à de faibles doses de ZEN, nous nous sommes intéressés à l’effet de la ZEN sur le niveau d’expression de transporteurs ABC majeurs. Ces pompes d’efflux sont présentes dans les barrières de l’organisme (notamment les barrières testiculaires et placentaires) où elles jouent un rôle dans la protection des tissus contre la toxicité de leurs substrats xénobiotiques. Dans ce travail nous avons d’abord caractérisé le métabolisme et la distribution tissulaire de la ZEN chez le rat, puis avons évalué son effet respectivement à court et long terme sur l’expression des transporteurs ABC après une exposition gestationnelle et néonatale. Nos résultats mettent en évidence des différences de comportement toxicocinétique de la ZEN en fonction du genre et du statut hormonal, et une réelle exposition fœtale et néonatale via la mère. La ZEN module l’expression des transporteurs ABC majeurs in vivo (dans les organes maternels, le foie fœtal, le testicule du jeune adulte exposé J1-J5). Les résultats obtenus sur modèles in vitro (lignées sertolienne et placentaire) suggèrent que ces modulations sont liées en partie à l’interaction de la ZEN avec les récepteurs aux œstrogènes. Les conséquences d’une modulation de l’expression des transporteurs ABC induite par la ZEN pourraient être dramatiques pour le développement et la santé des individus à l’âge adulte et doivent être évaluées. ___________________________________________________________________________ TITLE: IN VIVO/IN VITRO EFFECT OF ZEARALENONE ON MAJOR ABC TRANSPORTERS AFTER GESTATIONAL OR NEONATAL EXPOSURE. ___________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium that infect cereal crops. This Estrogen- mimetic and endocrine disruptor affects the reproductive system. Upstream of the risk assessment of exposure to low doses of ZEN, we are interested in the effect of ZEN on the expression level of major ABC transporters. These efflux pumps are present in the barriers of organism (including testicular and placental barriers), where they protect tissues against the toxicity of their xenobiotic substrates. In this work, we first characterized the metabolism and tissue distribution of ZEN in rat and then evaluated respectively its short and long-term effect on ABC transporters expression after gestational and neonatal exposure. Our results highlight differences in the toxicokinetic behavior of ZEN by gender and hormonal status, and fetal and neonatal real exposure via the mother. ZEN modulates the expression of major ABC transporters in vivo (in the maternal organs, fetal liver, testis of young adult exposed J1-J5). The results of in vitro models (sertoli and placental cell lines) suggest that these variations are partly due to the interaction of ZEN with the estrogen receptors. The consequences of expression modulations of ABC transporters induced by ZEN could be dramatic for the development
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