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The Shooting at École Polytechnique Shocked the Nation. Thirty Years Later, Six People Close to the Tragedy Share How It Galvanized Them to Work for Change

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The Shooting at École Polytechnique Shocked the Nation. Thirty Years Later, Six People Close to the Tragedy Share How It Galvanized Them to Work for Change JUSTICE GENEVIÈVE HÉLÈNE NATHALIE BARBARA ANNE-MARIE MAUD BARBARA KLUCZNIK- BERGERON COLGAN CROTEAU DAIGNEAULT EDWARD HAVIERNICK WIDAJEWICZ The shooting at École Polytechnique shocked the nation. Thirty years later, six people close to the tragedy share how it galvanized them to work for change. BY ANNE BOKMA AFTER THE MASSACRE ILLUSTRATIONS BY EMMANUEL POLANCO FOURTEEN WOMEN DEAD. FOURTEEN PEOPLE INJURED. TWENTY MINUTES. That’s all it took for one man who hated feminists to complete his murderous ram- page through the classrooms, corridors and cafeteria of Montreal’s École Polytech- nique, shouting at men to get out of the way so he could hunt down women before turning the gun on himself. “Massacre” was the only way to describe it. The events of Dec. 6, 1989, are forever ingrained in our nation’s collective memory. It has become a day when the 14 women’s names are read out loud at memorials across the country. Some of those affected galvanized their grief into outrage and became accidental ac- tivists. From tragedy came transformation as they fought to create positive change in the aftermath. Here, six people — two survivors among them — reflect on how the Montreal Massacre altered the course of their lives. > MARYSE MARYSE ANNE-MARIE SONIA MICHÈLE ANNIE ANNIE LAGANIÈRE LECLAIR LEMAY PELLETIER RICHARD ST-ARNEAULT TURCOTTE 26 “YOU HAVE NO IDEA how profound the denial with women.” The CBC’s Barbara Frum refused to was about his intentions,” says Francine Pelletier, acknowledge the crime was an act of violence against who has spent much of her journalism career writing women. “Why do we diminish it by suggesting that “Any weapon that and speaking about the Montreal Massacre, includ- it was an act against just one group?” she asked on ing producing an award-winning documentary, Leg- The Journal. allows someone acy of Pain, for The Fifth Estate. “Women were killed Pelletier challenged the view that the massacre to kill dozens of people because they were women, and we were unable to was the isolated act of a person with mental illness. look that fact in the eye. I could not rest until that “He was our first terrorist, and nobody was treating in a matter of was acknowledged.” it that way,” she told the Toronto Star, noting that The massacre put an end to the “glory days” of if the killer had separated Blacks from whites and minutes should not second-wave feminism in Canada that had witnessed proceeded to kill the minority group, the headlines improved access to abortion, the passing of the rape would have called it was it was: a hate crime. be legal for shield law and gains in pay equity. “It came down like She says it took 25 years to learn the lesson of the general public.” a guillotine on a wonderful period,” Pelletier says. the Montreal Massacre, namely that women Pelletier became famous for being on the killer’s are disproportionately subject to violent abuse. hit list of 19 women he wanted to murder. That list The floodgates of collective reckoning finally HEIDI RATHJEN, 21, huddled in a locked dark room was part of a suicide note Pelletier, then a La Presse opened in the wake of CBC host Jian Ghomeshi be- while Marc Lépine committed his act of carnage. reporter, fought to get police to release in the after- ing accused of sexual assault and the #MeToo and From her hiding place, Rathjen heard a young woman math of the massacre. “It was the only piece of #BeenRapedNever Reported social media campaigns. calling for help. Screams and rounds of bullets shat- evidence we had about the motives of this horrible Millions of emboldened women publicly shared their tered the otherwise eerie silence of the school where tragedy,” she says. experiences of violence at the hands of men. she was in her final year of civil engineering. The police refused, citing fears of a copycat kill- Pelletier says the feminist social media move- Rathjen would emerge in a daze and later learn, er, but almost a year later, Lépine’s three-page man- ment allowed women to talk openly about “still be- via TV news, that she was one of the survivors of ifesto was anonymously leaked to Pelletier. It made ing preyed upon and victimized. This was supposed what is still today the deadliest mass gun slaying in headlines across to have stopped a long time ago. I think there’s a new Canadian history. Lépine’s weapon of choice was a the country, prov- militancy [among young feminists] that we didn’t see Ruger Mini-14 semi-automatic rifle with 30-round ing that Lépine before. I’m encouraged by this new generation.” > magazines that he had legally purchased in Montreal, had been engaged telling the clerk he was going to hunt small game. in a premeditated FRANCINE PELLETIER Rathjen did not become an engineer. Instead she plot of violence. became a political activist. Soon after the shooting, He had specifically REPORTER she would begin cir- targeted women culating a petition whom he viewed that gained 560,000 as taking the place signatures — at that HEIDI RATHJEN of men — an extreme symptom of the broader cul- time the largest in tural problem of misogyny. Canadian history the victims and their families who considered it the “If I commit suicide today…it is not for econom- SURVIVOR — to ban the sale most tangible legacy of the massacre. There had been ic reasons…but for political reasons,” wrote the of military assault a 41 percent reduction in homicides by long guns 25-year-old college dropout who had been rejected weapons. Within from the time the registry became law until 2010, by the Canadian Armed Forces and failed to get into two years, she was heading up the Coalition for Gun according to Statistics Canada. Polytechnique. “I have decided to send the feminists, Control, which successfully ushered in 1995’s Bill Rathjen believes most Canadians are unaware who have always ruined my life, to their Maker.” C-68 to improve screening methods and create a cen- that more than a million handguns are in circula- Lépine predicted that he would probably be dis- tralized database linking firearms with their owners. tion in Canada and that combat-style weapons are missed as a “mad killer,” even though he believed “I’m a very determined person, and if I see a cause I still available for legal purchase. “Canadians can’t be he was “rational.” That’s exactly what happened. The believe in, I will rarely or ever compromise.” smug and think that things aren’t as bad here as they headline in La Presse the day after the massacre was Later, she also organized PolySeSouvient/Poly are in the United States. The gun lobby is powerful “Crazed Gunman Kills 14 Women.” An editorial in Remembers, a group of École Polytechnique surviv- here and gets a lot of help from the NRA.” Le Soleil said that the slaughter had “nothing to do ors and other victims of gun violence. This organi- The battle has left her disillusioned yet resolutely zation includes those affected by the 2017 Quebec focused on a single goal: a ban on military assault City mosque shooting where the killer tried to use weapons and handguns. “Any weapon that allows a semi-automatic assault rifle and, when it jammed, someone to kill dozens of people in a matter of min- “Women were killed resorted to firing 48 rounds of bullets from a hand- utes should not be legal for the general public,” she because they were gun, killing six people in 90 seconds. says. For inspiration, she looks to countries such as Rathjen’s advocacy work has made her a target. Australia, the United Kingdom and New Zealand, women, and we were Death threats are common. A recording of gun shots which quickly passed legislation to sharply restrict was left on her voice mail. Her photo was mailed to the availability of guns after their mass shootings. unable to look that fact her with a bullet hole through the image of her face. Rathjen’s persistence is fuelled by her memories None of this has dissuaded her: “I can take the gun of École Polytechnique — apart from the shooting. in the eye. I could not lobby’s crap. I don’t care if they hate me,” she says. “I loved that school and even today, all these years rest until that was When former prime minister Stephen Harper’s later, the closeness and solidarity [are] still present. Conservative government scrapped the long-gun To me, it’s not the place where a massacre happened; acknowledged.” registry in 2012, she viewed it as a slap in the face to it’s the place where I spent the best years of my life.” 28 BROADVIEW.ORG DECEMBER 2019 WHEN SHE HEARD the news about the Montreal all Canadian women have experienced at least one Massacre on the radio, Judy Rebick remembers feel- incident of physical or sexual violence since the age ing a sorrow that seemed to emanate from deep with- of 16; every six days, a woman is killed by her in- in her belly. It soon escalated into sobs and screams “I think when you want to timate partner; there were more than 1,100 cases so loud she ran to her bedroom to put her face in a of missing or murdered Indigenous women and pillow to stifle them. fight for social change, you girls between 1980 and 2012; and at least one in She was overwhelmed with grief for the women four women attending university or college will be who were killed — and also for herself.
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