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Twenty Contemporary African Women Writers: a Bio-Bibliography. PUB DATE 95 NOTE 45P DOCUMENT RESUME ED 386 752 CS 215 063 .AUTHOR Jones, Wilma L. TITLE Twenty Contemporary African Women Writers: A Bio-Bibliography. PUB DATE 95 NOTE 45p. PUB TYPE Reports Research/Technical (143) Reference Materials Bibliographies (131) EDRS PRICE MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *AfricrAn Literature; *Authors; Bibliographies; Biographies; *Females; Foreign Countries; Literary Genres; *Twentieth Century Literature IDENTIFIERS *Contact Literature; *Contemporary Literature; Ethnic Literature; Women in Literature ABSTRACT To give established African women writers whose work is available in Africa, Europe, and the Americas more exposure for teachers, literary scholars, librarians, and readers of ethnic literature, a study was undertaken which resulted in a bio-bibliography. After an overview on contemporary African literature, the 20 female authors are listed alphabetically in the bio-bibliography, and for each author there is a biographical sketch, a short summary about each author's works and themes, information on critical reception to the author, a list of honors and awards received, a bibliography of the author's works, information on aAy studies about the author, and a list of the country of origir, of each author. All the authors write in English, and the list is limited to authors of novels, poems, short stories, and plays. (NKA) ....,..a............A.,-;c:%A****A;,AAAAAAA:.AAAAAA:.;:**************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. *******.i.**AAA:d. 'rivi,:.**AA**************************************1c** Twenty Contemporary AfricanWomen Writers: A Bio-bibliography by Wilma L. Jones Abstract Women writers are beginning to makeanimpression in. world literature today. Recently, many books havepublished about African-American women writers, and they would sometimesrecognize a few African women. Many African writersare quite known today, but most of them are male. This article is about Africanwomen who are quite established as writers in their variouscountries. Their works are available not only in Africa, butin Europe and the Americas. This article is writtento give their workmore exposure to school teachers, literary scholars, librarians,and readers of ethnic literature, worldwide. Included inthis bio-bibliography about these African writers are:a biographical sketch of the author, a short summary about theauthor's works and themes, information on critical reception of the writer,honors and awards, bibliography of the author's works, and studiesabout the person, if any. U S DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER 'ERIC; ar Ft RMISSION I /This documvnt hat Ini,1 ieroodurpd HE PRI)DUCE HIS www(IImmillIlepersonolorgan,..noon MAI E RIAL HAS HT origalalmEd I CI-TANTE L, 1995 UM.wihaioothasiilmwnirid,!. \,!)1(W woriworepmciridawiTiii% id 1/11.Vo iii 11111111,11. .41:11ed HI ill, 1,,t/111111 11 111.1 111.1 g,,,lii TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTERIERICI" 2 BEST COPYAVAILABLF TWENTY CONTEMPORARYAFRICAN WOMEN WRITERS: A MO-BIBLIOGRAPHY by WilmaL. Jones African literature emergedin a flood during thesixties in a time when many African countrieswere gaining their independence. Several books b'y Africanshad been published before this era, but they were mainlyautobiographical works in either poetry or prose. The onset of African writingsin the fifties and sixties began with contributionsby male authors such as Peter Abrahams (South Africa), Chinua Achebe(Nigeria), Mongo Beti (Cameroun), Camara Laye (Guinea),Thomas Mofolo (Lesotho), Sembene Ousmane (Senegal), Leopold Senghor (Senegal),Wole Soyinka (Nigeria), and Ngugi wa Thiong'o(Kenya). These authors are now well-established and quite famous in Africa,and worlwide, too. On the other hand, the fifties and sixties showvery few literary works producedby women. Almost all of their works when submitted were either ignored, misplacedor lost, or heavily edited and published as short storiesin anthologies, journals, or local newspapers. Rarely were any publishedas an individual work ofart. It was not until the seventies (ironically, the era of women's liberation),that the writings of African women began to be recognized. Two decades later, they have gained more recognition in Africa,but are barely known worldwide. Jones/Twenty-2 Although I am African, I only discoveredthe writings of African women after obtaining a B.A. inEnglish Literature. My curiousity about their writing beganafter I read TheHouse of the Spirits (1985), a novel byIsabel Allende,a Chilean born writer. Her writings about her culture broughtback memories of similar images of my African culture andway of life, and it made me wonder if there was any literature likethis written by African women. Oddly enough, many students boast ofhaving taken a course in Africanliterature, but none could come up withthe name of a female writer. Other cultured readersare quick to cite Isak Dineson(Out of Africa), Elspeth Joscelyn Huxely(Flame Trees of Thika),Nadine Gordimer (1992 Nobel prize winnerfor literature), andBeryl Markham (West with the Night). These are not Africanwomen writers. They are Europeanswho have lived in Africa and havewritten about there experiences throughfiction. In addition, the exposure of some of theirworks through filmsor PBS television series has greatlyenhanced their readership. If the literature by Africanwomen has been, around forover two decades, whatis keeping their works from beingexposed to the world? Trying to dig up materials publishedby Africanwomen proved almostimpossible, very difficult and frustrating. To begin with, I knew very few names of Africanwomen writers, and for others, I had to comb throughsecondary sources female sounding names. In addition, most African names are noteasily distinguishable by gender, which madeit even moredifficult for me to pick out the female writers inthese secondarysources. 4 Jones/Twenty-3 Nevertheless, I was amazed to find thatthere were, indeed,many African women writers of poetry; novelsand plays for children, young adults and adults; and criticalor journalisticessays. PURPOSE or THIS STUDY The purpose of this studY is to compilea biography- bibliographyon those African women writers, whose worksare available in the United States, inorder to give theirworks a greater exposure to not only Africans,but also to teachers, literary scholars, librarians, and ofcourse readers of ethnic literature. The books In TheirOwn Voices (James 1990)and Bibliography of African Women Writers and Journalists(Berrian 1985) gave me the idea of doinga bio-bibliographyon African women writers. No other secondarysource, apart from these last two books mentioned above, is specificallydesigned to provide information on whothese African women are and how much theyhave accomplished as authorsexists at this time. As early as the eighties, more worksby African womenwere being published separately and notas part of other works. The critics who usedto ignore them can no longer afford to doso. One aspect that has helped to boost theirwritings is the number of publishing houses (owned byAfricans) that surfacedin the eighties in Africa. This increased theirproximity to publishers and decreased the incidence of lostscripts. In recent times, four African women writers own theirown publishing firms, and they are known to concentrateon encouraging otherwomen to Jones/Twenty-4 publish and alsoto produce materials for primary andsecondary school children. In the earlyeighties, also, more reviews aboutAfrican women's literaturebegan to appear in distinguishedjournals such as Booklist, NewYork Times Review, West Africa, TheNew Yorker, School Library Journal, World hiteratureToday, Jeune Afrique, Journal ofCommonwealth Literature, MS Magazine, andLibrary Journal. The words of African women writerswere beginning to be heard through out the continent,slowly. On the other hand, the well-establishedAfrican men writers have not onlybeen exposed in coverage by reviews,critical or journalisticessays, bibliographies, but they have alsohad the pleasure of havingother writers write books aboutthem and.their works. Four works that come to mind are TheWritings of Peter Abrahams (Ogungbesan1979), An Introduction to Writings ofNgugi (Killam 1980),Achebe's World: the Historical andCultural Context of theNovels of Chinua Achebe (Wren 1980)and A Dance of Masks: Senghor,Achebe, Sovinka (Peters 1978). I have yet to find such workswritten in the same way about Africanwomen writers. Recognizing the meagre exposure of Africanwomen writers, I saw a need to compile a bio-bibliographyabout thesewomen, one that will include the followingfor eachperson: a biographical sketch of theauthor, a short summary about the author'sworks and themes, information on criticalreception of the writer, honors and awards, bibliography of theauthor's works, and Jones/Twenty-5 studies aboutthe person, if any. A content analysisof informational material from secondarysources such as biographies,bibliographies, and interviews and bookjackets, as well as primary sources available, isthe methodologymost appropriate forthis research. Each work byan author listed in this paper willbe examined (i.e., to glean informationfrom the title page,book jacket, and preface, if any), andsummarized, if read. My intent is tobring out the quality of eachauthor's talent, and, inaddition, give a brief account ofwhat they have attained in theirunique life,so far. This bio-bibliography, I hope, willcontribute to thefew reference worksthat exist in libraries on Africanliterature
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