The Politics of Gay Marriage in Latin America: Argentina, Chile, and Mexico Jordi Díez Index More Information

Home , New Encounter

Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-09914-2 - The Politics of Gay Marriage in Latin America: Argentina, Chile, and Mexico Jordi Díez Index More information

Index

Abortion alud Integral para la Mijer, A.C . See Mexico Integral Women’s Health: Mexico Shielding of States, 166 – 7 Alvear, Soledad, 218 , 221 , 232 , 233 , 234 , Acción Gay . See Gay Action 234n.82 ACIERA. See Christian Alliance of amparos , 132 , 137 , 173 , 194 Evangelical Organizations: AMSAAC, 182 Argentina Anabitarte, Héctor, 76 , 77 Acuerdo de Vida en Pareja . See AVP ANSES, 118 , 118n.15 , 126 . See National Administración Nacional de Seguridad Social Security System: Social . See National social security Argentina system: Argentina Antidiscrimination Aguayo, Sergio, 186 Mexico City AIDS Healthcare and the European LGTB Enactment, 158 Inter-Parliamentary Group, 183 First in Latin America, 93 Albornoz, Laura, 217 Reforms, 156 – 7 Alessandri, Jorge, 64 , 101 Anti-Gay Bill Alessandri Palma, Arturo, 63 Uganda, 20 Alfonsín, Raúl, 80 , 130 , 144 , 267 , 276 Apostolic Nunciature Alianza Cristiana de Iglesias Evangélicas . Mexico See Christian Alliance of declarations homosexuality, 92 Evangelical Organizations: APSI Argentina Revista Alianza Democrática . See Democratic Chile, 103 Alliance Aquinas, Saint Thomas, 29 Aliverti, Eduardo, 141 Arballo, Gustavo, 141 Allamand, Andrés, 227 , 228 , 230 Arendt, Hannah, 44 Allende, María Isabel, 211 Argentina Allende, Salvador, 100 , 210 Judicial System, 131 – 2 Candidacy Political Instability, 49 Popular Front, 64 Positive case, comparison, 4 Election Argentine Federation of Lesbians, Bisexuals 1970, 65 and Transgendered People, 124 Almeyda, Tati, 140 ARI , 138

281

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-09914-2 - The Politics of Gay Marriage in Latin America: Argentina, Chile, and Mexico Jordi Díez Index More information

282 Index

Article 365 Bovino, Alberto, 141 Chile Bravo, Daniel, 120 Penal Code, 100n.38 , 102 , 104 , 107 , Brazil 197 , 198 , 199 , 200 , 201 , 202 Gay Marriage, 254 – 5 Así Brito, Alejandro, 95 , 155n.4 , 160 , 171 , Revista 177n.53 , 178 Argentina, 78 Broad Front, 257 , 258n.9 Asociación Mexicana para la Salud Sexual . Büchi, Hernán, 67 See Mexican Association for Sexual Bucio Mujíca, Ricardo, 184 Health Asociación por los Derechos Civiles . See Cálamo, 92 Association for Civil Rights Calderón, Felipe Association for Civil Rights, 124 Supreme Court Challenge, 3 Atala, Karen, 1 , 20 , 233 Calhoun, Cheshire Atala Case, 1 Gay Marriage Augsburger, Silvia, 130 , 134 , 135 As a right, 44 AVC, 229 , 230 , 231 Callado, Rosita, 141 AVP, 227 , 228 , 230 , 235 , 237 , 238 Calles, Plutarco Elías, 56 Aylwin, Patricio, 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , Calvo, Adriana, 141 103 , 107n.49 , 198 , 203 Calvo, Ernesto, 129 Election, 68 Campaign for Women’s Access to Justice, Human Rights, 72 155 , 168 Ayuquelén, 102 Campaña de Acceso a la Justicia para las Mujeres . See Campaign for Women’s Bachelet, Michelle, 214 , 216 , 217 , 219 , Access to Justice: Mexico 220 , 222 , 223 , 224 , 227 , 235 , Carbonell, Miguel, 192 236 , 237 , 238 , 250 , 251 , 253 , 262 , Cárdenas, Cuauhtémoc, 59 271 , 274 Cárdenas, Lázaro Election 2013, 236 Ascent to power, 56 Balvanera Raids Cárdenas, Nancy, 85 Argentina, 80 Carloto, Estela, 140 Barrales, Alejandra, 174 Castañeda, Lol Kin, 171 , 172 , 173 , 174 , Barrueto, Víctor, 211 175 , 176 , 177 , 177n.53 , 178 , 179 , Bascuñán, Antonio, 232 183 , 186 , 187 , 191 Batres, Martí, 156 Castro, Claudia, 90n.25 , 127 , 127n.37 , Bazán, Osvaldo, 37 , 138 132 , 277 Belgium, 98n.36 , 241 Catholic Church Bellomo, Roque, 120 Argentina Benhabib, Seyla, 40 Opposition Gay Marriage, 140 Bergoglio Opposition vote Senate, 147 Position Gay Marriage, 147 Pressure Senate, 149 – 50 Berlin, Isaiah Maintenance of family, 35 Freedoms Mexico positive and negative, 42 Opposition Gay Marriage, 183 Bimbi, Bruno, 143 Scandal, 176 Blanco, José Joaquín, 88 Catholic Women for the Right to Decide Blood Donation Mexico, 177 Chile Center for Legal and Social Discrimination, 207 Studies, 116 Böhmer, Martín, 141 Center for the Study of Sexuality, 105 Bonaparte, Laura, 82 Centro de Estudios de la Sexualidad . See Bonifaz, Alejandra, 175 Corporation for AIDS Prevention

Index 283

Centro de Estudios Legales y Sociales . See Civil Rights Act Center for Legal and Social US, 43 , 240 Studies Civil Solidarity Pact CHA, 80 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 84n.16 , 112 , 114 , Coahuila, 170 115n.8 , 116 , 119 , 119n.17 , 124 , Civil Union Pact. See PUC 127 , 128 , 130 , 133 , 134 , 141 , 149 , Civil Unions 206 , 264 Buenos Aires Legal recognition, 83 – 4 Effects, 123 – 4 Chadwick, Andrés, 218 , 218n.49 , 227 , Enactment, 118 – 23 230 , 231 , 233 , 234 , 235 Mexico City Chamber of Deputies Enactment, 160 – 3 Argentina Civil Unions vs. Gay Marriage Vote on gay marriage, 144 – 5 Argentina, 128 Chile Clarín Authoritarian Enclaves, 68 Editorial position on Gay Marriage, Coup d’Etat 141 , 148 1973, 65 CNI. See National Information Center Demobilization, 71 Coahuila Economic Reform, 66 Civil Unions, 169 – 70 Establishment of consensual politics, 69 Coalición Cívica , 138 Non-case comparison, 4 Coalition for Parties for Democracy. See Political stability Concertación Twentieth century, 62 Código Contravencional . See Referendum, 67 Contravention Code Chile Foundation, 225 Códigos de faltas . See Offence Codes Christian Alliance of Evangelical Colectivo Sol, 92 Organizations Collins, Cath, 72 Argentina, 139 Colombia Christian Democratic Party, Chile, 12 , 13 , Gay Marriage, 255 – 6 72 , 73 , 129n.42 , 200 , 244 Comisión Ciudadana Contra los Crimenes Christian Democrats de Odio por Homofobia . See Chile, 63 Citizens Commission against Cibrián Campoy, Pepé, 149 Homophobic Hate Crimes Cigliutti, César, 112n.1 , 114n.5 , 115n.7 , Comisión Ciudadana de Estudios contra la 115n.8 , 116n.11 , 119 , 119n.16 , Discriminación 121n.22 , 126n.32 , 128 , 133 , 134 , Mexico, 158 134n.54 , 137 Comisión Nacional de Verdad . See Citizens Commission against Homophobic National Truth and Reconciliation Hate Crimes, 155 Commission Citizens Conference of the Americas, 209 Commission of Human Rights Citizens Network in the Support of the Mexico City, 183 Cohabitation Law Common-Law Agreement. See AVC ; AVP Mexico, 161 Communist Party Citizenship Argentina, 50 Differentiated, 35 Chile, 63 Gay Marriage Comunidad Homosexual Argentina . Cheshire Calhoun, 44 See CHA Liberal Democratic, 35 CONAPRED, 159 , 159n.11 . See also Sexual National Anti-Discrimination Conceptualizations, 40 – 1 Council: Mexico Sexual Justice, 41 CONASIDA. See National AIDS Social Democratic, 39 Council

284 Index

Concertación , 12 , 19 , 21 , 22 , 27 , 31 , 67 , Council of Trent, 32 68 , 68n.5 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 77 , 106 , 108 , Croatia, 241 197 , 199 , 200 , 211 , 213 , 214 , 215 , CUT. See Central Unida de Trabajadores 216 , 218 , 219 , 220 , 221 , 222 , 223 , 224 , 226 , 229 , 230 , 231 , 235 , 236 , Dagnino, Evelina, 47 262 DC, 219 Concertación de Partidos por la de Alonso, Negre, 148 Democracia . See Concertación de Bonafi ni, Hebe, 140 Confederación de Tranajadores de la Dehesa, Rafael, 34 , 168 Argentinos . See Congress of de la Madrid, Miguel, 58 Argentine Workers de la Rúa, Fernando, 125 Confederación General del Trabajo . See de la Torre, María Luisa, 168 General Labor Confederation Defense of Marriage Act. See Confederación Nacional de Iglesias DOMA Cristianas . See Confederation of del Bosque Dávila, Horacio, 170 Christian Evangelical Churches: Delegative democracy, 129 Mexico Democracia de los acuerdos , 70 , 213 Confederation of Christian Evangelical Democracia Igualitaria y Participativa . Churches See Egalitarian and Participatory Mexico, 190 Democracy: Argentina Conferencia Ciudadana de las Americas . Democracy and Sexuality Network See Citizens Conference of the Mexico, 93 , 177 Americas Democratic Alliance, 67 Congress of Argentine Workers, 141 Democratic Union, 67 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones DEMYSEX. See Democracy and Sexuality Científi cas y Técnicas . See National Network Council for Scientifi c Denmark, 17 and Technical Research di Bello, José María, 2 , 135 , 136 Conspiracy of consensus. See Wilde, di Pollina, Eduardo, 127 , 130 Alexander Di Tullio, Juliana, 134 , 138 , 140 , 143 Constitutional Court Díaz, Arturo, 92 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 96n.32 , 97 , Colombia, 255 97n.33 , 98 , 157n.5 , 158 , Contardo, Óscar, 99 , 100 160 , 163n.16 , 167n.26 , Conti, Diana, 127 173n.44 , 178 , 178n.54 , Contravention Code 195n.84 , 262 , 267 Buenos Aires, 116 Dictatorship Contreras, Maricela, 187 Argentina Coordinadora Nacional de Mujeres 1976–1982, 53 Lesbianas . See National Coordination Diego Portales University, 211 , 212 , 220 , Group of Lesbian Women 225 Cordobazo , 52 DINA. See Directorate of National Corporación de Prevención de SIDA . See Intelligence Corporation for AIDS Prevention Directorate of National Intelligence, 66 Corporación Humanas . See Humans Diversa, 157 , 157n.7 , 160 , 278 Corporation: Chile Diverse Colombia, 255 , 256 Corporation for AIDS Prevention División de Organizaciones Sociales . Chile, 103 See Unifi ed Movement of Sexual Corporatist citizenship, 36 Minorities Corregido, Mercedes, 147 Doctrina breve muy provechosa , 31 Correo de Lucio, María de los DOMA, 240 , 253 Angeles, 156 Domínguez, Gil, 139 Cortiñas, Nora, 140 Divine Case, 207

Index 285

Ebrard, Marcelo, 2 , 162 , 245 201 , 202n.12 , 204n.14 , 205n.19 , Promulgation 222n.58 , 245 , 250 , 252 , 255 Gay Marriage, 191 Election, 131 Social Reforms, 163 – 4 Gay marriage expansion, 2 Echeverría, Luis, 85 Promulgation Edictos policiales . See police edicts Gay Marriage, 151 Egalitarian and Participatory Democracy Support civil unions, 130 Argentina, 125 Support gay marriage, 147 El baile de los cuarenta y uno . See The Fernández, Aníbal, 124 , 131 dance of the forty-one Fernández, Leonardo, 107 Encuentro Popular y Social , 138 Ferreyra, Marcelo, 112 Enríquez-Ominami, Marco, 223 , 224 , FHAR, 90 , 91 , 91n.26 . See Revolutionary 224n.61 , 224n.62 , 226 , 227 , 274 Homosexual Front Equal Protection Clause, 43 Figari, Carlos, 149 Equals Foundation, 206 , 231 Filmus, Daniel, 150 Espina, Alberto, 218 Forja , 138 European Union, 204 Forum for Gay Marriage between People Evangelicals of the Same Sex Argentina Mexico City, 178 Rallies, 147 Forum on Sexual Diversity and Human Executive-Legislative Relations in Latin Rights America, 250 – 1 Mexico City, 153 Foucault, Michel Facebook Thought Argentina Infl uence Argentina, 81 Vote Senate , 141 Use in the debate, 143 Use in debate Fox, Vicente, 60 Argentina, 143 Framing and Public Policy, 253 FALGBT, 124 , 124n.27 , 127 , 128 , 130 , France, 241 143 , 149 Frei, Eduardo, 64 , 65 , 72 , 202 , 226 , 227 , 229 Fassin, Éric, 5 , 7 , 8 , 10 Father, 64 Fedel, Patricia, 142 Human Rights, 72 Federación Argentina de Lesbianas, Gays, French civil code, 35 Bisexuals and Trans . See FALGBT Frente Amplio . See Broad Front Federación Mexicana de Educación Frente de Liberación Homosexual . See Sexualy Sexología . See Mexican Homosexual Liberation Front Federation for the Study Sexuality Frente Homosexual de Acción and Sexology Revolucionaria . See Revolutionary Federalism, 11 Homosexual Front Argentina, 152 Frente para la Victoria. See Victory Front: Mexico, 164 Argentina FEMESS, 182 . See Mexican Federation Frente Parlamentario por la Diversidad for the Study Sexuality and Sexual , 138 Sexology Freyre, Alejandro, 2 , 135 , 136 Feminism Friedman, Elisabeth Ideas, 27 Progressive Colonialism, 22 Ferdinand and Isabella, 31 Fuero real , 31 Fernández, de Kirchner, Cristina, 2 , Fundación = Iguales . See Equals 3 , 4 , 83n.14 , 83n.15 , 105n.44 , Foundation 106n.47 , 107 , 107n.51 , 124 , 130 , Fundación Chile . See Chile Foundation 131 , 135n.55 , 136n.57 , 137 , 147 , Fundación Ideas . See Ideas Foundation 148 , 150 , 151 , 158n.9 , 161n.13 , FVP. See Victory Front: Argentina

286 Index

Gallardo, Gilberto Rincón, 60 Green Party García, Amalia, 93 Mexico, 165 Zacatecas, 168 Gross National Income, 17 García, María Teresa, 137 Grupo de Información en Reproducción García Bernal, Gael, 161 Elegida . See Information Group for Gargarella, Roberto, 139 , 141 Elective Reproduction: Mexico Gay Action Grupo Lambda de Liberación Chile, 206 Homosexual . See Lambda Gay Marriage Grupo Orgullo Homosexual de Argentina Liberación. See Homosexual Pride Judicialization, 133 Liberation Group Centrality in activism, 45 Grupo político Criticisms Chile Queer Theorists, 44 – 5 consensual politics, 70 Spain, 126 grupo transversal Gay Movement Chile, 70 Argentina Emergence, 76 Hagopian, Frances, 38 and Feminism, 77 – 8 Hales, Patricio, 211 Repression, 79 Hariri, Sofía, 141 Chile HDI, 17 , 17n.9 . See also Human Emergence, 100 Development Index Mexico Heterenorms, 28 Divisions Gay Marriage, 172 – 3 Heteronormativity, 28 , 30 , 34 , 36 , 37 , 41 , Emergence, 88 75 , 80 , 81 , 81n.11 , 87 , 100 Gay Pride Defi nition, 28 Chile heteronorms, 29 , 36 , 46 , 47 , 101 , 102 , 107 , First, 106 108 , 118 , 181 Gay Pride Committee, 171 Hijas de la Luna , 168 Mexico, 171 Hinojosa, Claudia, 90 , 90n.23 , 91 , Gay Rights 97n.34 , 160 Global Retrenchment, 241 HIV/AIDS, 21 , 91 , 95 , 97 , 105 , 160 , 171 , Gays DC, 112 , 112n.1 , 114 201 , 204 , 205 , 206 , 278 General Labor Confederation, 141 Homosexual Liberation Front Girardi, Guido, 220 , 223 , 227 , 230 Argentina, 77 GIRE, 167 , 177 , 267 . See also Information Homosexual Liberation Movement Group for Elective Reproduction: Mexico, 85 Mexico Homosexual Pride Liberation Group Giustiniani, Rubén, 151 Mexico, 93 GNI. See Gross National Income Homosexuality GOHL. See Homosexual Pride Liberation Colonialism, 31 Group Criminalization Gómez del Campo, Mariana, 181 , 184 Argentina, 75 González de Alba, Luis, 85 Chile, 99 Gortari, Carlos Salinas de, 58 Colonial Latin America, 31 Economic Reform, 58 Mexico, 86 Gradaschi, Natalia, 143 Inquisition, 31 – 2 Great Depression Medicalization, 35 Effects on Argentina, 49 Mexico Effects on Chile, 63 PRI, 88 Effects on Mexico, 56 Napoleonic Code, 35 Green, Adam Natural Law, 29 Heternormativity, 28 Hotton, Cynthia, 140

Index 287

Htun, Mala, x , 9 , 17 , 249 Jewish Youth of Chile, 216 , 225n.63 Human Development Index, 17 Jiménez, Patria, 96 Human Development Report , 17n.8 Jiménez, Rolando, 96 , 104 , 105n.44 , 107 , Human Rights Commission 108 , 199 , 201 , 205 , 206 , 207 , 208 , Mexico City, 192 212 , 219 , 221 , 225 , 232 , 233n.78 , Humanist Party 239 , 255n.2 Argentina, 83 Joignant, Alfredo, 69 Humans Corporation Judicialization Chile, 212 , 217 , 217n.48 , 225 , 225n.65 Latin America, 251 – 2 Jusidman, Clara, 154 Ibañez, Carlos, 64 , 99 Justicialist Party Ibarra, Anibal, 116n.10 , 121 , 131n.45 , Argentina, 113 134 , 134n.54 , 135 , 135n.55 , Juventud Judía de Chile . See Jewish Youth 138 , 178 of Chile Ibarra, Rosario, 89 Ibarra, Vilma, 130 Kaplan, Morris, 41 Ideas Kariola, Carol, 237 Public Policy, 27 Karl, Terry Lynn, 14 Ideas Foundation, 209 , 215 , 217 Kast, José Antonio, 227 , 228 , 231 Identity politics, 40 King Alfonso X, 31 ILGA, 183 Kirchner, Néstor, 55 , 125 , 127n.35 , INADI, 120 , 125 , 130 , 133 , 148 . See 130 , 132 , 133 , 135n.55 , 136 , also National Institute against 136n.57 , 136n.58 , 140 , 147 , 150 , Discrimination 163 , 245 Infamous decade, 50 Knights of Columbus Informal Institutions, 252 – 3 Mexico, 191 Information Group for Elective Kollman, Kelly, 16 , 21 , 274 Reproduction, 155 Koppleman, Andrew, 44 Inglehart, Ronald Kymlicka, Will, 40 Political culture, 16 Inquisition, 32 La Moneda , 70 , 223 , 233 , 235 , 236 , 237 Institutional features, 11 La Nación Instituto Nacional contra la Newspaper Argentina Discriminación, La Xenofobia y Editorial Position on Gay Marriage, el Racismo . See National Institute 141 against discrimination: Argentina Laferriere, Nicolás, 139 Integral Women’s Health, 155 Lagos, Ricardo, 210 , 214 , 215 , 219 Integration Movement Lamas, Marta, 155 Chile, 101 Lambda Inter partes , 132 , 173 , 194 Mexico, 88 Inter-American Court of Human Rights, Larraín Stieb, Luís, 231 , 232 , 235 , 1 , 20 239 , 242 Inter-American Human Rights Las Siete Partidas , 98 Commission, 1 Leal, Antonio, 199 , 211 , Inter-American Human Rights Court, 124 217n.44 , 223 Ireland, 18 Letra S , 95 , 97 , 155 , 155n.4 , 160 , 171 , Italy, 17 177n.53 , 186 , 208 Ley de Estados Anti-Sociales Jáuregui, Carlos, 80 , 81 , 81n.11 , 82 , Chile, 99 82n.12 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 90 , 112n.1 , Liberation Theology, 169 114 , 119 , 126 , 262 , 269 Libres del Sur , 138 Gay Marriage Lijphart, Arend proposal, 126 Infl uence on Chile’s politics, 69

288 Index

Lizárraga, Xavier, 86 , 90 , 90n.23 , 90n.24 , Political Stability, 55 91 , 91n.27 , 92 , 97n.34 , 98n.36 , Positive case comparison, 4 177n.53 , 271 Revolution, 55 – 6 Lock Social mobilization, 59 Adoption Military Gay Marriage Mexico City, 181 Chile López, Julieta, 169 Discrimination, 207 – 8 López Obrador, Manuel Andrés, 161 , Mill, John Stuart 161n.14 , 162 , 165 , 180 , 268 Liberalism Opposition Civil Unions, 161 Right to Privacy, 42 López Vela, Jaime, 177 Millán, Rodolfo, 160 Lovagnini, Guillermo, 117 Minister of the General Presidency. See Lubertino, María José, 115 , 130 , SEGPRES 130n.43 , 133 Ministerio Secretaría General de Gobierno . See SEGEGOB Macri, Mauricio, 135 Ministry General of the Government. See Majul, Luis, 141 SEGEGOB Manazzoni, Juan, 143 MIR. See Movement of the Revolutionary Maricuelas Left Chile, 99 Modarelli, Alejandro, 119 Marino, Antonio, 142 Modernity, 35 Marmolejo, Javier, 191 Monsiváis, Carlos, 88 , 155 Marshall, T. H., 39 Montoneros , 52 Martínez de Perón, María Estela Isabel. See Mooring process, 68 Perón, Isabel Morales, Víctor Hugo, 141 Marx, Karl Moreira, Humberto, 169 Political culture, 16 Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo, 82 Matrimonio libre . See free marriage: Movement for Homosexual Mexico City Liberation. See Corporation for Maturana, Camila, 217n.48 , 225 , 225n.65 AIDS Prevention Medina, Antonio, 97 , 178 Chile, 104 Medina, Graciela, 120 Movement for Socialism Melero, Patricio, 235 Argentina, 83 Menem, Carlos, 55 , 84 , 113 Movement of the Revolutionary Mercado, Patricia, 157 Left, 65 Merchán, Cecilia, 143 MOVILH, 104 , 104n.41 , 105 , 105n.42 , Mexica, 30 105n.44 , 106n.46 , 205 , 206 , 207 , Mexican Association for Sexual Health, 177 208 , 210 , 211 , 212 , 215 , 220 , Mexican Federation for the Study Sexuality 221 , 223 , 225 , 225n.63 , 230 , 233 , and Sexology, 177 233n.78 Mexico Movimiento al Socialismo . See Movement 1982 economic crisis, 58 for Socialism: Argentina Antidiscrimination law Movimiento de Integración. See Integration Fox, Vicente, 60 Movement Corporatism Movimiento de Liberación Homosexual . Establishment, 56 See Homosexual Liberation Earthquake Movement Political effects, 59 Movimiento Unifi cado de Minorías Human rights master frame Sexuales . See MUMS Emergence, 60 Moyano, Hugo, 141 Oil boom MUMS, 199n.6 , 204 , 205 , 205n.16 , 209 , 1976–1981, 58 210n.28 , 211 , 212 , 213 , 215

Index 289

Naddeo, María Elena, 120 Okiabeth, 88 , 88n.21 , 90 , 90n.25 Nahua, 30 Olivos Pact, 113 Napoleonic Code, 42n.9 Onaindia, José Miguel, 139 Nardi, Peter, 16 Osojnik, Andrés, 138 National Action Party OSPLAD. See Social Security System for Mexico, 61 , 153 , 165 , 245 Teachers Partido Accion Nacional, 12 Osuna, Blanca, 151 National AIDS Council Our World, 76 , 77 Mexico, 94 Ovejas Negras , 256 , 257 National Anti-Discrimination Council Mexico, 159 , 192 Pacte civil de solidarité National Citizens Observatory for France, 220 Women’s Rights Pacto Civil de Solidaridad . See Civil Mexico, 177 Solidarity Pact: Coahuila National Coordinating Group of Lesbian Pacto de los Olivos . See Pact Olivos Women Pacto de Unión Civil . See PUC Mexico, 92 Paenza, Adrián, 141 National Council for Scientifi c and Palafox, Manuel, 87 Technical Research PAN, 12 , 13 , 61 , 157 , 157n.6 , 158n.9 , Argentina, 149 165 , 165n.20 , 166 , 167 , 167n.25 , National Council of Justice 167n.26 , 168n.28 , 170 , 170n.38 , Brazil, 254 175n.48 , 180 , 180n.62 , 181 , National Parents’ Union 181n.64 , 183 , 183n.67 , 184 , Mexico, 165 184n.68 , 185 , 185n.70 , 185n.71 , National Party 185n.72 , 186 , 187 , 188 , 189 , 190 , Uruguay, 258 191 , 192 , 192n.81 , 193 , 245 , 277 National Sinarquist Association Opposition Mexico, 165 Gay Marriage Mexico City, 184 National Social Security System Partido Acción Nacional . See PAN Argentina, 118 Partido del Trabajo . See Workers Party: National Truth and Reconciliation Mexico Commission, 71 Partido Democracia Social . See Social Natural Law, 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 37 , 142 , 182 , Democracy Party: Mexico 184 , 190 , 215 , 272 Partido Humanista . See Partido Nava, César, 184 Humanista: Argentina New Encounter, 130 Partido Justicialista . See Justicialist Party: New Left Argentina PRD, 180 Partido Obrero . See Workers Party: New Majority, 68n.4 , 236 , 237 Argentina Nineteenth Amendment, 240 Partido Revolucionario Institucional . See Nuesto Mundo . See Our World: Revolutionary Institutional Party: Argentina Mexico Nueva Mayoría . See New Majority Partido Socialista . See Socialist Party: Nuevo Encuentro , 138 . See also New Argentina Encounter Partido Verde Ecologista de México . See Green Party: Mexico O’Donnell, Guillermo, 129 Party of Democratic Revolution Obama, Barack, 240 Mexico, 95 Obra Social para la Actividad Docente . See Party system, 11 Social Security System for Teachers Paulón, Esteban, 127 , 127n.38 , 128 , 130 , Offence codes 133n.52 , 137 , 137n.61 Argentina, 76n.3 PDS. See Social Democratic Party: Mexico

290 Index

Pecheny, Mario, 34 PRI Peralta, María Luisa, 116 Crisis Pérez, Lily, 221 1980s, 58 – 9 Pérez Suárez, Inés, 113 Foundation, 56 Perfect dictatorship, 55 Hegemony, 56 – 7 Perón, Isabel, 52 Moral Policy, 166 Perón, Juan Domingo Prieto, Ugo, 144 Ascent to power, 50 PRO. See Republican Proposal: Argentina Exile, 52 Proceso de amarre . See Mooring process Overthrow in 1955, 52 Propuesta Republicana . See Republican Peronism Proposal: Argentina Antidemocratic, 52 PS. See Socialist Party: Argentina Corporatism, 51 – 2 PSD Emergence, 51 Mexico, 160 Perrini, Alicia, 121 Public Policy Peruzzoti, Enrique, 53 Defi nition, 27 Petinatto, Roberto, 141 Impact, Nonstate Actors, 7 Piñera, Sebastián, 102 , 197 , 226 , 227 , 228 , PUC, 221 , 223 , 225 , 229 , 230 229 , 230 , 231 , 234 , 235 , 236 , 238 PVEM. See Green Party: Mexico Election, 226 Piñera, Susana, 102 Queer Theory Pink Tide, 250 Infl uence in Mexico, 97 Pinochet, Augusto Assumption to Power, 66 Rachid, María, 127 , 131n.46 , 132 , 134 , Pinto, Mónica, 141 134n.54 , 137 , 137n.59 , 149 , 150 PJ. See Justicialist Party Radical Party . See Unión Cívica Radical Plama, Osvaldo, 211 Chile, 63 Plummer, Ken, 35n.6 , 41 Ramos, Carlos, 191 Police Edicts Rawls, John, 174 Argentina Rayside, David, 45 Derogation, 124 – 5 Razú Aznar, David, 173 , 174 , 174n.46 , 175 , Policy networks. See Networks 175n.47 , 176 , 178 , 179 , 180n.59 , Politics of Social Accountability 182 , 186 , 187 , 187n.76 , 187n.77 Argentina, 53 Red Ciudadana de Apoyo a la Ley de Poniatowska, Elena, 155 Sociedades de Convivencia . See Popular Front, 63 Citizens Network in the Support of Popular Unity, 65 , 100 the Cohabitation Law: Mexico Positivism, 35 Red de Democracia y Sexualidad . See Power, Timothy, 249 Democracy and Sexuality Network PRD, 96 , 153 , 156 , 157 , 160 , 161 , 164 , Red Social por la Diversidad . See Social 167 , 168 , 168n.28 , 171 , 172 , 173 , Network for Diversity: Chile 174 , 175 , 175n.48 , 176 , 179 , 180 , Reformation, 32 180n.61 , 181 , 183 , 186 , 187 , Religion and politics 187n.78 , 188 , 189 , 190 , 199 , 200 , Argentina, 54 – 5 209 , 211 , 217n.44 , 220 , 231 , Chile, 72 – 3 274 . See also Party of Democratic Mexico, 61 – 2 Revolution Renovación Nacional . See National Elections Mexico City Renovation 2009, 174 Republican Proposal Mexico Argentina, 145 Fragmentation, 156 Rettig Report, 105 , 106 Sexual rights, 156 Chile, 72

Index 291

Revolución de los Pingüinos . See Seijas, Gabriela, 139 Revolution of the Penguins Sempol, Diego, 22 , 257 Revolution of the Penguins, 222 Sen, Amartya, 174 Revolutionary Homosexual Front Senate Mexico, 88 Argentina Richardson, Diane, 41 Vote, 150 Rights SERNAM, 198 , 203 , 212 , 216 , 217 , Conceived as Positive and Negative, 42 217n.46 , 218 Rincón, Gallardo, 60 , 158 , 159 , 232 , Sexual Diversity Commission 233 , 234 PRD, 156 Rio Declaration, 19 Shielding Riquelme, Cecilia, 102 Mexico Rivera, Norberto, 190 States Gay Marriage, 193 – 4 RN, 219 SI , 138 Rodríguez, Enrique, 121 Siete Días Rodríguez, Marcela, 125 Revista Rodríguez Doval, Frenando, x , 30n.1 , Argentina, 80 53n.1 , 98 , 98n.36 , 115n.7 , 116n.10 , Simonetti, Pablo, 232 , 232n.75 , 232n.77 , 117n.13 , 121 , 122 , 125 , 126 , 233 , 233n.79 , 234 126n.33 , 181 , 181n.64 , 185n.69 , SIPAM. See Integral Women’s Health: 194n.83 , 276 Mexico Rojas Martínez, Beatriz, 187 Skocpol, Theda, 5 Rossi, Agustín, 137 Sochi Winter Olympic Games, 241 Rossi, Fulvio, 211 , 229 , 229n.70 , 230 , Social Democracy Party 230n.73 , 231 Mexico, 60 Roto Social Movements Chile, 99 Networks, 9 Rousseff, Dilma, 254 Public Policy, 246 Rubio, Eusebio, 182 Social Network for Diversity Ruíz Delgado, Marco, 107 Chile, 210 Russia Social Organization Division Anti-Gay Law, 241 Chile, 204 , 209 , 211 , 216 , 217 , 223 Social Party of National Unity Saa, María Antonieta, 199 , 202 , 211 , Colombia, 255 217n.44 , 218 , 223 Social Sciences and Humanities Research Sabbatella, Martín, 144 Council , 6n.6 Sabsay, Roberto, 141 Socialist Party Salazar, Pedro, 192 Argentina, 117 Sambrizzi, Eduardo, 139 Chile, 63 Sánchez Camacho, David, 96 , 153 , Socialist Union 154n.1 , 156 Argentina, 114 Santos, Juan Manuel, 255 Social Security System for Sarmiento, Sergio, 186 Teachers, 118 Schulenberg, Shawn, 250 Sociedad de Integración Gay Lésbica Second-generation reforms, 7 Argentina , 118 Secretaría General de la Presidencia . See Sociedad Unida por el Derecho al SEGPRES Matrimonio entre Personas del SEGEGOB, 214 , 216 , 217 , 218 , 218n.54 , Mismo Sexo . See United Society for 223 , 233 , 233n.80 , 233n.81 , the Right to Marry between People 234n.84 , 235n.85 of the Same Sex SEGPRES, 210 , 210n.30 , 211 , 221 , 222 , Southern Cone Common Market 230 , 231 , 234 Declaration on Sexual Minorities, 19

292 Index

Spain, 17 , 240 Ulloa, Carmen, 102 Stare decisis , 132 Últimas Noticias Stonewall Riots Revista New York, 22 , 85 Chile, 102 Storani, María Luisa, 143 , 144 UN. See United Nations Strategic litigation, 131 UN Human Rights Commission in Suntheim, Marcelo, 119 , 119n.16 , 128 , Vienna, 20 128n.41 , 130n.44 , 133 , 141 UN Human Rights Commissioner, 19 Support for Gay Marriage UN Universal Declaration of Human Polling, 18 Rights, 20 Supreme Court UN World Conference on Discrimination, India, 241 Racism and Xenophobia, 209 Mexico Undirraga, Verónica, 233 Abortion, 167 Unidad Popular . See Popular Unity Challenge Gay Marriage, 191 – 2 Unifi ed Movement of Sexual Minorities. Ruling Gay Marriage, 193 See MUMS Supreme Federal Court Unión Cívica Radical . See Radical Party: Brazil, 254 Argentina Switzerland, 18 Unión Democrática Independiente . See Democratic Union Tapia, Elena, 157 Unión Socialista . See Socialist Union: Taylor, Charles, 40 Argentina Technopols , 69 United Kingdom, 17 The dance of the forty-one United Nations Agency for Gender Mexico, 86 Equality and the Empowerment of The Netherland, 240 Women, 236 Thomist ideas. See Natural Law ; Saint United Nations Declaration on Sexual Thomas Aquinas Orientation and Gender Thomist philosophy. See Natural Law Identity, 19 Tiempo Argentino United Nations High Commissioner of Newspaper Human Rights, 125 Argentina, 146 United Society for the Right to Marry Tierra del Fuego, 2 between People of the Same Sex, Tlatelolco Massacre, 57 177 Emergence Gay Movement, 89 Uranga, Enoé, 160 , 161 , 161n.12 , 171 , Tohá, Carolina, 209 , 209n.27 , 210 , 211 , 172 , 176 , 186n.74 215 , 217n.44 , 223 , 230 , 231 , 232 Urgencia simple , 218 Tolerance and Non-Discrimination Uruguay Plan, 209 Gay Marriage, 256 – 8 Chile, 209 Tolerance of Homosexuality Vallejo, Camila, 237 Polling, 18 Vallejos, Soledad, 138 Tróccoli, Antonio Vargas, Alan Cristian, 180 Argentina, 80 Vásquez, Judith, 191 Veloso, Paulina, 222 UCR, 49 , 113 , 128 , 130 , 138 , 144 , 145 . Vera López, Raúl, 169 See also Radical Party: Argentina Victory Front, 127 UDI, 68 , 200 , 202 , 216 , 218 , 218n.49 , 219 , Argentina, 127 221 , 227 , 228 , 230 , 231 , 233n.80 , Vidal, Francisco, 214n.37 , 215 , 215n.39 235 . See Democratic Union Videla, Jorge Rafael, 147 Uganda, 20 , 241 Vienna Declaration, 19

Index 293

Viera-Gallo, Antonio, 222 , 230 Yogyakarta Principles, 19 Vote Yong Kim, Jim Gay Marriage World Bank, 20 Mexico City, 188 Young, Marion Young, 40 YouTube Walker, Patricio, 237 Campaign Gay Marriage War of the Pacifi c, 99 Mexico, 178 Weber, Political Culture, 16 Yrigoyen, Hipólito, 49 Western Europe, 17 Wilde, Alexander, 71 Zacatecas Wolfenden Commission, 43n.9 Sexual Rights, 168 – 9 Workers Party Zafaroni, Raúl, 115 , 132 Argentina, 83 Zaldívar, Andrés, 220 Mexico, 165 Zamudio Case, 234 Working Group on the Penal Code, 156 Zamudio, Daniel, 234 World Bank Zapata, Emiliano, 87 Position gay rights, 20 Zapatista Rebellion, 59 , 97 Writs of amparo , 131 Zapotec, 30 Zedillo, Ernesto, 94 Yashar, Deborah, 36 , 97 Zumárraga, Juan de, 31 Yasky, Hugo, 141 Zwenger, Maximiliano, 143