DOCSLIB.ORG

Phd Document

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Phd Document Promoters Prof. Dr. ir Peter Goethals Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology Department of Applied Ecology and Environmental Biology Dr. Pieter Boets Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology Department of Applied Ecology and Environmental Biology Dean Prof. dr. ir. G. Van Huylenbroeck Rector Prof. Dr. P. Van Cauwenberge M.Sc. Javier Ernesto Holguin Gonzalez Integrated ecological modelling for decision support in river management Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor (PhD) in Applied Biological Sciences Dutch translation of the title: Geïntegreerde ecologische modellering voor beslissingsondersteunend rivierbeheer. Please refer to this work as follows: Holguin-Gonzalez, J.E., 2013. Integrated ecological modelling for decision support in river management. PhD thesis, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. ISBN-number: 978-90-5989-640-6 This research was supported by an exchange funding from the European Union Alfa Project, the WATROPEC Project of the Flemish Government and the Special Research Fund of Ghent University (BOF01/WI0/611 and BOF09/24J/092) in Belgium. The author and the promoters give the authorisation to consult and copy parts of this work for personal use only. Every other use is subject to the copyright laws. Permission to reproduce any material contained in this work should be obtained from the author. Acknowledgements First of all I would like to thank my promoters, Prof. Dr. ir. Peter Goethals and Dr. Pieter Boets at the Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology at Ghent University in Belgium for their support and guidance during this research. Doing research is only possible when there are enough financial means. Therefore, I am very grateful to the representatives of the ALFA Programme “Latin-American – European Partnership For Water Education And Training (WETNET)”, the Program “Master grants for candidates from developing countries”, for their support of my studies in the Master program in Environmental Sanitation and my thesis research. Moreover, I like to thank the Research Unit of Aquatic Ecology that funded me via the WATROPEC Project of the Flemish Government, and the Special Research Fund of Ghent University (BOF01/WI0/611 and BOF09/24J/092) in Belgium. In Colombia, I would like to thank the Environmental Technical Direction of the Environmental Authority in the Cauca Region (CVC), the Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering School of the Universidad del Valle (EIDENAR-Univalle), the Cauca River Modelling Project (CRMP) and Cinara Institute in Colombia, for the information, which was used to develop the research presented in this document. Special thanks are given to my friends and colleagues in the CRMP where I learned to love modelling. In Belgium and Ecuador, I would like to thank the Flemish Interuniversity Council – University Development Cooperation VLIR-UOS and the Programs VLIR- IUC Cuenca and VLIR SRS, for financing this research in the framework of the Project South-South mobility allowances. Additionally, I would like to thank the Universidad de Cuenca and ETAPA in Ecuador for the opportunity to study their samples. I thank Prof. Gregory J. Pelletier for his valuable suggestions on how to use the software QUAL2Kw and the engineer Sandra Barros from ETAPA for her support in this study. In Croatia, I would like to thank the Water Supply and Sanitation Company in the city of Varaždin in Croatia (VARKOM) for the opportunity to study their samples, the company ECO-TEHPROJECT in Croatia and the WATROPEC Project. i Finally, I would like to thank my wonderful parents for their love and their unconditional support during these long years, who always believed in and supported my choices in life. I cannot forget to say thanks to my friends and colleagues at the Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology in Ghent University. Moreover, my friends in Ghent from different nationalities, with whom I shared the huge pile of extra-ecological knowledge, in particular related to culture, gastronomy, religion, psychology, politics and of course dancing. Thank you guys for your company, good ideas and for your enormous support. ii Contents Table of contents Chapter 1: General introduction 1.1 Research context.........................................................................................................1 1.2 Problem definition......................................................................................................5 1.3 General objective and scope.......................................................................................6 1.4 General methods.........................................................................................................6 1.5 Summary of content..................................................................................................12 Chapter 2: State-of-the-art of integrated ecological modelling of rivers and decision support in river management 2.1 River water quality problems and water quality regulation….................................13 2.2 Integrated ecological river assessment.....................................................................14 2.2.1 Hydromorphological quality...........................................................................14 2.2.2 Physicochemical water quality........................................................................15 2.2.3 Biological water quality..................................................................................17 2.3 Mathematical modelling...........................................................................................22 2.4 Major types of river system models..........................................................................24 2.4.1 Hydraulic modelling........................................................................................24 2.4.2 Physicochemical water quality modelling.......................................................26 2.4.3 Ecological river assessment and river species distribution modelling............29 2.4.3.1 Ecological river assessment..................................................................30 2.4.3.2 River species distribution modelling....................................................31 2.5 The need for an integrated data collection and an integrated ecological modelling approach for decision support in river management.................................................33 2.6 Model uncertainty......................................................................................................36 Chapter 3: Case study 1: Integrated ecological modelling to analyze the impact of wastewater discharges on the ecological water quality of the Cauca river in Colombia 3.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................40 3.2 Materials and methods..............................................................................................43 3.2.1 Study area…....................................................................................................43 3.2.2 Data collection, coupling of data and dataset pre-processing.........................44 3.2.3 Water quality assessment................................................................................46 3.2.4 Water quality modelling techniques................................................................47 3.2.4.1 River water quantity and quality model.............................................48 3.2.4.2 River habitat suitability and ecological assessment models...............49 3.2.5 Simulation of pollution control scenarios.......................................................52 3.3 Results....................................................................................................................54 3.3.1 Water quality assessment and river water quality modelling..........................54 3.3.2 River habitat suitability and ecological assessment models............................54 3.3.3 Integrated ecological modelling and scenario assessment...............................58 3.4 Discussion..............................................................................................................62 3.4.1 Habitat preference and ecological water quality.............................................62 3.4.2 Model performance, uncertainty and validation..............................................63 3.4.3 Implementation of pollution control scenarios................................................65 3.4.4 Evaluation of the integrated ecological modelling framework........................66 3.5 Conclusions............................................................................................................67 iii Contents Chapter 4: Case study 2: Integrated ecological modelling for decision support in the water management of the Cuenca river in Ecuador 4.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................71 4.2 Materials and methods.............................................................................................72 4.2.1 Study area........................................................................................................72 4.2.2 Data collection, coupling of data and dataset pre-processing.........................74 4.2.3 Water quality modelling techniques used........................................................75 4.2.3.1 Hydraulic and physicochemical water quality model.........................76
Load more

Recommended publications
  • DIKTAS Country Report
    Protection and Sustainable Use of the Dinaric Karst Transboundary Aquifer System Country Report (Regional Aspect) - Croatia http://diktas.iwlearn.org Protection and Sustainable Use of the Dinaric Karst Transboundary Aquifer System Contents HYDROGEOLOGICAL OVERVIEW 1. Introduction 1.1. Project task and role of WG1 1.2. General on karst – term, distribution. Importance 1.3. Histrical review of karst researches 2. Physiography and climate 2.1. Geographic position and boundaries 2.2. Vegetation and land cover 2.3. Rainfall regime 2.4. Air temperature 2.5. Other climate elements 3. Hydrology 3.1. Hydrographic network 3.2. Stream-flow regime 3.3. Controlling streamflow – dams and reservoirs 4. Geological pattern 4.1. Paleogeography of Dinaric region 4.2. Dinaric Carbonate Platform (External Dinarides) - litostratigraphic units 4.3. Tectonic 5. Geomorphology and karstification 5.1. Karstification process 5.2. Karstic features 5.2.1. Surface karstic features 5.2.2. Potholes and caves 6. Aquifer systems 6.1. Aquifers classification and distribution 7. Groundwater basins 7.1. Regional groundwater direction 7.2. Grounwater bodies ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC OVERVIEW 1. Administrative boundaries 2. Population and demography 3. Tourism 4. Land use 5. Sources of income 6. Agriculture 7. Roads 8. Industries 9. Mining sites 10. Solid waste disposal 11. Wastewater treatment Protection and Sustainable Use of the Dinaric Karst Transboundary Aquifer System 12. Dams and Hydropower Plants 13. Protected areas 14. Karstic caves 15. Groundwater dependent ecosystems 16. Water use 17. Surface water quality LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK AND POLICY 1. Introduction 2. Updated report on legal, institutional and policy framework in Croatia 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Neretva and Trebišnjica River Basin (NTRB)
    E1468 Consulting Services for Environment Impact Assessment Public Disclosure Authorized in the Neretva and Trebišnjica River Basin (NTRB) No. TF052845/GE-P084608 Public Disclosure Authorized F I N A L EIA R E P O R T Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Sarajevo/Banja Luka, August 2006 Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia Proposed Integrated Ecosystem Management of the Nerteva and Trebišnjica River Basin (NTRB) Project Table of Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms EXECUTIVE SUMMARY List of Tables List of Pictures List of Annexes References 1. PROJECT DESCRIPTION .....................................................................................14 1.1. Background .............................................................................................. 14 1.2. Project objectives..................................................................................... 15 1.3. Project components ................................................................................. 16 2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ......................................21 2.1. Overall Project Implementation Arrangements....................................... 21 2.2. Requirements of the WB .......................................................................... 22 2.3. Bosnia and Herzegovina environmental policy ........................................ 23 2.4. Legislation of Republic of Croatia ............................................................ 26 2.5. Evaluation of project environmental aspects .................................................27
    [Show full text]
  • Tourist Information with Road Map of Croatia
    Tourist free Information EN with Road Map of Croatia www.croatia.hr 9 1 2 7 3 4 3 8 10 Croatia. 1. ISTRIA. 6 4. DALMATIA. ŠIBENIK. 24 8. CENTRAL CROATIA. 48 ROADS OF THE THE ROUTES OF TRAILS OF THE FAIRIES. SMALLEST TOWNS IN CROATIAN RULERS. THE WORLD. 8. CENTRAL CROATIA. 54 5. DALMATIA. SPLIT. 30 THE TRAILS OF ROUTES OF SUBTERRANEAN SECRETS. 2. KVARNER. 12 ANCIENT CULTURES. ROUTES OF FRAGRANT 6. DALMATIA. DUBROVNIK. 9. CITY OF ZAGREB. 60 RIVIERAS AND ISLANDS. 36 A TOWN TAILORED ROUTES OF OLD TO THE HUMAN SCALE. SEA CAPTAINS. 3. DALMATIA. ZADAR. 18 7. LIKA - KARLOVAC. 42 10. SLAVONIA. 64 THE ROUTES OF ROUTES OF THE TRAILS OF THE CROATIAN RULERS. SOURCES OF NATURE. PANNONIAN SEA. 5 6 4 bays, lakes and mystical mountain peaks, clean rivers and drinking i Welcome water, fantastic cuisine and prized wines and spirits, along with the to Croatia! world-renowned cultural and natural heritage, are the most important resources of Croatia, attractive to all. Fertile Croatian plains from which you can taste freshly-picked fruit, visit castles, museums and parks, river ports and family farms, wineries, freshly-baked bread whose aroma tempts one to try it over and over again, it is the unexplored hinter- land of Croatia, a place of mystique Unique in so many ways, Croatia has and secrets , dream and reality, the roots extending from ancient times Croatia of feelings and senses. and a great cultural wealth telling of its turbulent history extending from Yes, Croatia is all that and so much the Roman era, through the Renais- more.
    [Show full text]
  • Includes Data and Indicators Annex for Water and Energy
    The United Nations World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP) is hosted and led by UNESCO and brings together the work of 31 UN-Water Members as well as 34 Partners in the United Nations World Water VOLUME 2 Development Report (WWDR) series. The WWDR 2014 marks the transition of the series to an annual publication cycle with a theme for each year FACING THEFACING CHALLENGES – ‘Water and Energy’ for 2014. This edition of the Report seeks to inform decision-makers within and beyond the water–energy nexus about the interconnections and interdependencies between water and energy; the inevitable trade-offs experienced when providing water and energy for basic human needs and to support sustainable development; and the need for appropriate responses that account for both water and energy priorities, particularly in the context of post-2015 targets on increasing access to water and energy. It provides a detailed overview of major and emerging trends from around the world, with examples of how some of these have been addressed and the implications for policy-makers, and actions that can be taken by various stakeholders and the international community. Like the earlier editions, the WWDR 2014 contains country-level case studies describing the progress made in meeting water- and energy-related objectives. This edition also presents a Data and Indicators Annex of 41 THE UNI indicators, which benchmark actual conditions and highlight trends related to water and energy around the INCLUDES DATA AND INDICATORS ANNEX world. T FOR WATER AND ENERGY ED ED
    [Show full text]
  • Joint Drava River Corridor Analysis Report
    Project Acronym: SEE River Work package: WP4 – Application of the SEE River Toolkit on the Drava River Corridor Action: 4.1. Preparation of the Drava River Framework – Analysis of the International Drava River Corridor Preparation of the Drava River Framework Analysis of the International Drava River Corridor JOINT DRAVA RIVER CORRIDOR ANALYSIS REPORT 27 November2014 National Institute for Environment Department of Water Resources Management MiklósSzalay with support by Alexander Zinke Table of contents: 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 3 2. SHORT OVERVIEW OF THE NATIONAL REPORTS ................................................................................. 6 3. SOME IDENTIFIED MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DRAVA ............................................................... 8 4. PROGRESS TOWARDS THE DRAVA DECLARATION GOALS ................................................................ 17 5. IDENTIFIED RIVER CORRIDOR MANAGEMENT ISSUES ...................................................................... 25 5.1 Altered river flow......................................................................................................................... 33 5.2 Flood risk ..................................................................................................................................... 36 5.3 Altered riverine ecology .............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Raznovrsnost Alga Kremenjašica U Lentičkim Biotopima Hrvatske
    Raznovrsnost alga kremenjašica u lentičkim biotopima Hrvatske Volarić, Ivana Master's thesis / Diplomski rad 2017 Degree Grantor / Ustanova koja je dodijelila akademski / stručni stupanj: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science / Sveučilište u Zagrebu, Prirodoslovno-matematički fakultet Permanent link / Trajna poveznica: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:184703 Rights / Prava: In copyright Download date / Datum preuzimanja: 2021-10-04 Repository / Repozitorij: Repository of Faculty of Science - University of Zagreb Sveučilište u Zagrebu Prirodoslovno – matematički fakultet Biološki odsjek Ivana Volarić Raznovrsnost alga kremenjašica u lentičkim biotopima Hrvatske Diplomski rad Zagreb, 2017. godine Ovaj diplomski rad, izrađen na Botaničkom zavodu Biološkog odsjeka Prirodoslovno- matematičkog fakulteta, pod vodstvom prof. dr. sc. Anđelke Plenković-Moraj, predan je na ocjenu Biološkom odsjeku Prirodoslovno-matematičkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu u svrhu stjecanja zvanja magistar edukacije biologije i kemije. TEMELJNA DOKUMENTACIJSKA KARTICA Sveučilište u Zagrebu Prirodoslovno – matematički fakultet Biološki odsjek Diplomski rad RAZNOVRSNOST ALGA KREMENJAŠICA U LENTIČKIM BIOTOPIMA HRVATSKE Ivana Volarić Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Hrvatska Dijatomeje ili alge kremenjašice su jednostanični, eukariotski, fotosintetski mikroorganizmi koji žive gotovo na svim vlažnim staništima. U uvjetima različitih pH vrijednosti, koncentracije otopljenih tvari, hranjivih tvari, te različitog temperaturnog raspona. Kao biološki indikatori ukazuju
    [Show full text]
  • Utjecaj Mora Na Jezera U Hrvatskoj
    Utjecaj mora na jezera u Hrvatskoj Curać, Jure Undergraduate thesis / Završni rad 2018 Degree Grantor / Ustanova koja je dodijelila akademski / stručni stupanj: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Geotechnical Engineering / Sveučilište u Zagrebu, Geotehnički fakultet Permanent link / Trajna poveznica: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:130:573916 Rights / Prava: In copyright Download date / Datum preuzimanja: 2021-10-02 Repository / Repozitorij: Repository of Faculty of Geotechnical Engineering - Theses and Dissertations Utjecaj mora na jezera u Hrvatskoj Curać, Jure Undergraduate thesis / Završni rad 2018 Degree Grantor / Ustanova koja je dodijelila akademski / stručni stupanj: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Geotechnical Engineering / Sveučilište u Zagrebu, Geotehnički fakultet Permanent link / Trajna poveznica: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:130:573916 Rights / Prava: In copyright Download date / Datum preuzimanja: 2020-10-29 Repository / Repozitorij: Repository of Faculty of Geotechnical Engineering Sveučilište u Zagrebu Geotehnički fakultet Jure Curać Utjecaj mora na jezera u Hrvatskoj Završni rad Varaždin, 2018 Sveučilište u Zagrebu Geotehnički fakultet Završni rad Utjecaj mora na jezera u Hrvatskoj Kandidat: Jure Curać Mentorica: Prof. dr.sc. Sanja Kapelj Varaždin , 2018. ZADATAK ZAVRŠNOG RADA UTJECAJ MORA NA JEZERA U HRVATSKOJ JURE CURAĆ BROJ INDEKSA : 2546 SADRŽAJ 1. UVOD 2. OPĆENITO O ISTRAŽIVANJU UTJECAJA MORA NA PRIOBALNE VODONOSNIKE 2.1. Geologija i hidrogeologija hrvatskog priobalja 2.2. Hidrologija 2.3. Geokemijska obilježja vodonosnika
    [Show full text]
  • Activity T1.1 Territorial Analysis
    ADRIONET Adriatic-Ionian Network of Authentic Villages Activity T1.1 Territorial analysis DT 1.1.1 Territorial Analysis - mapping of the cultural/ environmental/natural assets DT 1.1.2 Transnational survey on services available DT 1.1.3 Transnational report on networks coverage November 2020 1 Table of Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 3 1 General information on the pilot areas ........................................................................................... 5 1.1 Geomorphological and Landscape items ..................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 Accessibility ................................................................................................................................................................ 11 1.3 Cultural heritage ......................................................................................................................................................... 13 1.4 Environmental heritage .............................................................................................................................................. 22 2 Socio-economic information ......................................................................................................... 30 2.1 Slovenian Istria and Brkini (Slovenia) .......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Alien Macroinvertebrates in Croatian Freshwaters
    Aquatic Invasions (2020) Volume 15, Issue 4: 593–615 CORRECTED PROOF Review Alien macroinvertebrates in Croatian freshwaters Krešimir Žganec1,*, Jasna Lajtner2, Renata Ćuk3, Petar Crnčan4, Ivana Pušić5, Ana Atanacković6, Tomislav Kralj7, Damir Valić7, Mišel Jelić8 and Ivana Maguire2 1University of Zadar, Department of Teacher Education Studies in Gospić, dr. Ante Starčevića 12, 53000 Gospić, Croatia 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, Zagreb, Croatia 3Hrvatske Vode, Central Water Management Laboratory, Ulica grada Vukovara 220, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia 4Croatian Natural History Museum, Demetrova 1, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia 5GEONATURA Ltd., Fallerovo šetalište 22, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia 6Department for Hydroecology and Water protection, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"- National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 142 Despota Stefana Blvd, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia 7Ruđer Bošković Institute, Division for Marine and Environmental Research, Laboratory for Aquaculture and Pathology of Aquatic Organisms, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia 8Department of Natural Sciences, Varaždin City Museum, Šetalište Josipa Jurja Strossmayera 3, 42000 Varaždin, Croatia Author e-mails: [email protected] (KŽ), [email protected] (JL), [email protected] (IM), [email protected] (RC), [email protected] (PC), [email protected] (IP), [email protected] (TK), [email protected] (DV), [email protected] (MJ), [email protected] (AA) *Corresponding author Citation: Žganec K, Lajtner J, Ćuk R, Crnčan P, Pušić I, Atanacković A, Kralj T, Abstract Valić D, Jelić M, Maguire I (2020) Alien macroinvertebrates in Croatian freshwaters. Alien aquatic macroinvertebrates, especially invasive crustaceans and molluscs, Aquatic Invasions 15(4): 593–615, have heavily impacted native species and ecosystem processes in freshwaters https://doi.org/10.3391/ai.2020.15.4.04 worldwide.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Performance Review of Croatia (Environmental Performance Reviews Series No
    UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE Croatia Environmental Performance Reviews Second Review UNITED NATIONS ECE/CEP/172 UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE REVIEWS CROATIA Second Review UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 2014 Environmental Performance Reviews Series No. 40 NOTE Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters combined with figures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. In particular, the boundaries shown on the maps do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. The United Nations issued the first Environmental Performance Review of Croatia (Environmental Performance Reviews Series No. 7) in 1999. This volume is issued in English only. ECE/CEP/172 UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales E.14.II.E.7 ISBN 978-92-1-117076-4 e-ISBN 978-92-1-056519-6 ISSN 1020-4563 iii Foreword In 1993, Environmental Performance Reviews (EPRs) of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (ECE) were initiated at the second "Environment for Europe" Ministerial Conference, in Lucerne, Switzerland. They were intended to cover the ECE member States that are not members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Subsequently, the ECE Committee on Environmental Policy decided to make them part of its regular programme.
    [Show full text]
  • The Noble Elite in the County of Körös (Križevci) 1400–1526
    THE NOBLE ELITE IN THE COUNTY OF KÖRÖS (KRIŽEVCI) 1400–1526 BY TAMÁS PÁLOSFALVI MONUMENTA HUNGARIAE HISTORICA DISSERTATIONES Redigit PÁL FODOR Institutum Historicum Sedis Centralis Studiorum Philosophicorum Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae Budapestini, 2014 MAGYAR TÖRTÉNELMI EMLÉKEK ÉRTEKEZÉSEK The Noble Elite in the County of Körös (Križevci) 1400–1526 BY TAMÁS PÁLOSFALVI MTA Bölcsészett udományi Kutatóközpont Történett udományi Intézet Budapest, 2014 Th e research was supported by the OTKA (No K 100 749) Th e publication of the book was supported by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences © Tamás Pálosfalvi, 2014 © Institute of History, RCH HAS, 2014 ISBN 978-963-9627-84-0 ISSN 2063-3742 All rights reserved. No part of this publication can be reproduced, broadcasted, transmitted or translated in any form, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction . 7 1.1. Justifi cation of the subject . 7 1.2. Research of the late medieval Slavonian nobility . 13 1.3. The sources and their limits . 20 2. The Nobility and their Histories . 25 2.1. the nobility in the county of Körös: the criteria of selection . 25 2.2. The noble families – short biographies . 52 3. Social Analysis . 307 3.1. Origins . 307 3.2. Wealth, traffi c of land and social mobility . 321 3.3. Service, offi ceholding and familiaritas . 345 3.4. The nobility and the king . 368 3.5. Marriage patt erns . 388 3.6. The nobility and the church . 397 3.7. Elite or not? Internal stratifi cation and defi nition . 401 4. Conclusion . 415 Appendixes .
    [Show full text]
  • Of Vrana Lake Nature Park (Croatia)
    Nat. Croat. Vol. 22(1), 2013 15 NAT. CROAT. VOL. 22 No 1 15–27 ZAGREB June 30, 2013 original scientific paper / izvorni znanstveni rad AQUATIC MOLLUSCAN FAUNA (MOLUSCA: GASTROPODA, BIVALV I A) OF VRANA LAKE NATURE PARK (CROATIA) Luboš Beran1*, Jasna Lajtner2* & Petar Crnčan3 1Agency for Nature Conservation and Landscape Protection of the Czech Republic, Kokořínsko Protected Landscape Area Administration, Česká 149, CZ–276 01 Mělník, Czech Republic (e-mail: [email protected]) 2Department of Zoology, Division of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia (e-mail: [email protected]) 3Croatian Natural History Museum, Demetrova 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia (e-mail: [email protected]) Beran, L., Lajtner, J. & Crnčan, P.: Aquatic molluscan fauna (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia) of Vrana Lake Nature Park (Croatia). Nat. Croat., Vol. 22, No. 1., 15–27, 2013, Zagreb. This paper presents the results of a malacological survey of the largest Croatian lake – Vrana Lake and its surroundings in Vrana Lake Nature Park. Altogether 21 species of aquatic non-marine mollus- cs (15 gastropods, 6 bivalves) have been recorded. Out of all recorded species, only 10 were documen- ted in Vrana Lake, probably due to the higher salinity of water in the lake. A population of the endan- gered gastropod Anisus vorticulus was found in Benča Lake. Key words: Mollusca, Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Anisus vorticulus, Vrana Lake, faunistics Beran, L., Lajtner, J. & Crnčan, P.: Slatkovodni mekušci (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia) Parka prirode Vransko jezero (Hrvatska). Nat. Croat., Vol. 22, No. 1., 15–27, 2013, Zagreb.
    [Show full text]