Lab Equipment Notes September 19, 2014 Lab Equipment: Glassware
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ARC Laboratory Manual for Architectural Conservators
A LABORATORY MANUAL FOR ARCHITECTURAL CONSERVATORS Jeanne Marie Teutonico ICCROM Rome 1988 CONTENTS Foreword v Preface vii General Principles: Laboratory Science 1. Sampling 3 2. Measurement and Error: Precision, Accuracy, Statistics 7 3. Measurement: Mass (Use of the Balance) 11 4. Measurement: Length (Use of the Vernier Caliper and Micrometer) 16 5. Measurement: Volume 21 6. Measurement: Solutions 26 7. Measurement: pH 30 Porous Building Materials 8. Water Absorption by Total Immersion 35 9. Water Drop Absorption 41 10. Penetration of Water: Capillary Action 43 11. Porosity of Granular Beds 45 12. Porosity in Solids: Indirect Measurement by Water Absorption 50 13. Porosity in Solids: Hydrostatic Weighing 52 14. Movement of Salts 56 15. Salt Crystallization 57 16. Qualitative Analysis of Water-soluble Salts and This publication was printed with a generous Carbonates 58 contribution from the government of 17. Semiquantititive Analysis of Water-soluble Salts 68 Finland. Earthen Building Materials 18A. Particle Size Analysis: Part I Sieving Procedure 73 ISBN 92-9077-083-X Via di San Michele 13 00153 Rome RM, Italy Printed in Italy III Earthen Building Materials (continued) FOREWORD 18B. Particle Size Analysis: Part II Sedimentation Procedure: Hydrometer Method 83 19. Plastic Limit of Soils 96 After his appointment as director of ICCROM in 1977, Sir Bernard FEILDEN proposed to emphasize the interdisciplinary 20. Liquid Limit of Soils 102 character of conservation by introducing scientists to field work and architects to laboratories. Consequently it was decided to introduce a series of laboratory exercises Stone. Brick and Mortars designed for the needs of architectural conservators and conservation architects in the program of the International 21. -
Laboratory Equipment Reference Sheet
Laboratory Equipment Stirring Rod: Reference Sheet: Iron Ring: Description: Glass rod. Uses: To stir combinations; To use in pouring liquids. Evaporating Dish: Description: Iron ring with a screw fastener; Several Sizes Uses: To fasten to the ring stand as a support for an apparatus Description: Porcelain dish. Buret Clamp/Test Tube Clamp: Uses: As a container for small amounts of liquids being evaporated. Glass Plate: Description: Metal clamp with a screw fastener, swivel and lock nut, adjusting screw, and a curved clamp. Uses: To hold an apparatus; May be fastened to a ring stand. Mortar and Pestle: Description: Thick glass. Uses: Many uses; Should not be heated Description: Heavy porcelain dish with a grinder. Watch Glass: Uses: To grind chemicals to a powder. Spatula: Description: Curved glass. Uses: May be used as a beaker cover; May be used in evaporating very small amounts of Description: Made of metal or porcelain. liquid. Uses: To transfer solid chemicals in weighing. Funnel: Triangular File: Description: Metal file with three cutting edges. Uses: To scratch glass or file. Rubber Connector: Description: Glass or plastic. Uses: To hold filter paper; May be used in pouring Description: Short length of tubing. Medicine Dropper: Uses: To connect parts of an apparatus. Pinch Clamp: Description: Glass tip with a rubber bulb. Uses: To transfer small amounts of liquid. Forceps: Description: Metal clamp with finger grips. Uses: To clamp a rubber connector. Test Tube Rack: Description: Metal Uses: To pick up or hold small objects. Beaker: Description: Rack; May be wood, metal, or plastic. Uses: To hold test tubes in an upright position. -
High School Chemistry
RECOMMENDED MINIMUM CORE INVENTORY TO SUPPORT STANDARDS-BASED INSTRUCTION HIGH SCHOOL GRADES SCIENCES High School Chemistry Quantity per Quantity per lab classroom/ Description group adjacent work area SAFETY EQUIPMENT 2 Acid storage cabinet (one reserved exclusively for nitric acid) 1 Chemical spill kit 1 Chemical storage reference book 5 Chemical waste containers (Categories: corrosives, flammables, oxidizers, air/water reactive, toxic) 1 Emergency shower 1 Eye wash station 1 Fire blanket 1 Fire extinguisher 1 First aid kit 1 Flammables cabinet 1 Fume hood 1/student Goggles 1 Goggles sanitizer (holds 36 pairs of goggles) 1/student Lab aprons COMPUTER ASSISTED LEARNING 1 Television or digital projector 1 VGA Adapters for various digital devices EQUIPMENT/SUPPLIES 1 box Aluminum foil 100 Assorted rubber stoppers 1 Balance, analytical (0.001g precision) 5 Balance, electronic or manual (0.01g precision) 1 pkg of 50 Balloons, latex 4 Beakers, 50 mL 4 Beakers, 100 mL 2 Beakers, 250 mL Developed by California Science Teachers Association to support the implementation of the California Next Generation Science Standards. Approved by the CSTA Board of Directors November 17, 2015. Quantity per Quantity per lab classroom/ Description group adjacent work area 2 Beakers, 400 or 600 mL 1 Beakers, 1000 mL 1 Beaker tongs 1 Bell jar 4 Bottle, carboy round, LDPE 10 L 4 Bottle, carboy round, LDPE 4 L 10 Bottle, narrow mouth, 1000 mL 20 Bottle, narrow mouth, 125 mL 20 Bottle, narrow mouth, 250 mL 20 Bottle, narrow mouth, 500 mL 10 Bottle, wide mouth, 125 -
Chemistry M11 Laboratory Manual
Chemistry M11 Laboratory Manual Laboratory Experiments for General, Organic, and Biochemistry Compiled by the Department of Chemistry at Moorpark College Version 2.0 Fall 2020 – Present NH2 O O CN NH2 N N Co The Vitamin B molecule shown is useful in the treatment of N N 12 H2N pernicious anemia and other diseases. Enzymes derived from O O vitamin B12 accelerate a large range of important reactions NH2 including those involved in producing red blood cells. HN O N HO N O O P O O O CH2OH Moorpark College Department of Chemistry Chemistry 11 Lab Manual Table of Contents Laboratory Experiments Page Number Experiment 1 – Separation of Copper(II) Sulfate from Sand ............................................. 3 Experiment 2 – Measurements............................................................................................ 6 Experiment 3 – Properties of Solutions ............................................................................ 13 Experiment 4 – Double Displacement Reactions ............................................................. 20 Experiment 5 – Single Displacement Reactions ............................................................... 25 Experiment 6 – Precipitation of Strontium Sulfate ........................................................... 29 Experiment 7 – Ionization and the Nature of Acids, Bases, and Salts .............................. 33 Experiment 8 – Acid/Base Titrations ................................................................................ 42 Experiment 9 – Structure in Inorganic & Organic -
Chemistry 2A Lab Manual Standard Operating Procedures Winter Quarter 2018
Chemistry 2A Lab Manual Standard Operating Procedures Winter Quarter 2018 Department of Chemistry University of California - Davis Davis, CA 95616 Student Name Locker # Laboratory Information Teaching Assistant’s Name Laboratory Section Number Laboratory Room Number Dispensary Room Number 1060 Sciences Lab Building Location of Safety Equipment Nearest to Your Laboratory Safety Shower Eye Wash Fountain Fire Extinguisher Fire Alarm Safety Chemicals Revision Date 12/1/2017 Preface Chemistry is an experimental science. Thus, it is important that students of chemistry do experiments in the laboratory to more fully understand that the theories they study in lecture and in their textbook are developed from the critical evaluation of experimental data. The laboratory can also aid the student in the study of the science by clearly illustrating the principles and concepts involved. Finally, laboratory experimentation allows students the opportunity to develop techniques and other manipulative skills that students of science must master. The faculty of the Chemistry Department at UC Davis clearly understands the importance of laboratory work in the study of chemistry. The Department is committed to this component of your education and hopes that you will take full advantage of this opportunity to explore the science of chemistry. A unique aspect of this laboratory program is that a concerted effort has been made to use environmentally less toxic or non-toxic materials in these experiments. This was not only done to protect students but also to lessen the impact of this program upon the environment. This commitment to the environment has presented an enormous challenge, as many traditional experiments could not be used due to the negative impact of the chemicals involved. -
Chemistry 50 and 51 Laboratory Manual General Information
Chemistry 50 and 51 Laboratory Manual General Information Mt. San Antonio College Chemistry Department 2019 - 2020 TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE………………………………………………………………………..………..… 1 GENERAL INFORMATION Safety………………..………………………..…………………………………INFORMATION….……… 3 Equipment……………………………………..……………………………….………….. 9 Techniques………………………………………………………………………………… 13 Heating……………………………………...……………………………….…..….… 13 Cleaning and Labeling Glassware……….……………………….........……........…... 14 Reading Analog Scales…………………………………………………..……….…... 14 Volumetric Flasks………………………………………………………..……….…... 15 Graduated Cylinders.………………………………………………………………..… 15 Volumetric Pipets……………………………………..…………………………..…... 16 Graduated Pipets……………….……………………..………………………….…… 16 Burets………………………….………………..………………..………..….………. 18 Analytical Balances…………………………………………………….……….…….. 19 Solution Preparation…………………………………………..……………….….…... 20 Percent Concentration....……………………………………………….……….…….. 20 Molarity……………………………………………………………………………….. 21 Dilution……………………………………………………………...………………… 22 Titration ………………………………………………………………....…………..... 23 Vacuum Filtration……………………….…………………………………..…….…… 24 Spectrophotometry and Beer’s Law…………………………………..…………..…... 25 Measurement of pH………………………………………………….….….……..…... 27 Pasco Spectrometer……………………………………..…………………...….…… 28 Vernier Go Direct Sensors ………………………..…………………...….………….. 31 Notebook…………………………………………………………….….………..……...... 35 Precision and Accuracy……………………………………………………….………....... 37 Spreadsheet and Graphing with Excel…..…………………..…………..……………....... 46 EXPERIMENTS PREFACE The laboratory -
Laboratory Equipment AP
\ \\ , f ?7-\ Watch glass 1 Crucible and cover Evaporating dish Pneumatlo trough Beaker Safety goggles Florence Wide-mouth0 Plastic wash Dropper Funnel flask collecting bottle pipet Edenmeyer Rubber stoppers bottle flask € ....... ">. ÿ ,, Glass rod with niohrome wire Scoopula (for flame re,sting) CruoiNe tongs Rubber ubing '1 ,v .... Test-tube brush square Wire gau ÿ "\ file Burner " Tripod Florence flask: glass; common sizes are 125 mL, 250 mL, 500 .d Beaker: glass or plastic; common sizes are 50 mL, mL; maybe heated; used in making and for storing solutions. 100 mL, 250 mL, 400 mL; glass beakers maybe heated. oÿ Buret: glass; common sizes are 25 mL and 50 mL; used to Forceps: metal; used to hold or pick up small objects. Funnel: glass or plastic; common size holds 12.5-cm diameter measure volumes of solutions in titrafions. Ceramic square: used under hot apparatus or glassware. filter paper. Gas burner: constructed of metal; connected to a gas supply Clamps" the following types of clamps may be fastened to with rubber tubing; used to heat chemicals (dry or in solution) support apparatus: buret/test-tube clamp, clamp holder, double buret clamp, ring clamp, 3-pronged jaw clamp. in beakers, test tubes, and crucibles. Gas collecting tube: glass; marked in mL intervals; used to 3: Clay triangle: wire frame with porcelain supports; used to o} support a crucible. measure gas volumes. Glass rod with nichrome wire: used in flame tests. Condenser: glass; used in distillation procedures. Q. Crucible and cover: porcelain; used to heat small amounts of Graduated cylinder: glass or plastic; common sizes are 10 mL, 50 mL, 100 mL; used to measure approximate volumes; must solid substances at high temperatures. -
Formula of a Copper Chloride Hydrate
Determining the Percent Composition and Formula of a Copper Chloride Hydrate Overview: The mass percents of Cu, Cl and H2O in a compound are determined by separating and massing the three components. A major emphasis of laboratory work for a chemist is determining the composition of a compound. There are many tools (such as, chromatographic separation and spectroscopy) available to aid the chemist in determining chemical composition. As you study chemistry at Wofford you will be exposed to many of these analysis techniques. In this lab you will become familiar with the techniques of sample heating, vacuum filtration, and the proper handling of strong acids. We will start with a copper chloride hydrate of unknown composition (CuxCly • z H2O). We will sequentially separate the components of water and copper, leaving behind a solution of chloride ions. The water will be removed by heating. Hydrated salts quickly lose their waters of hydration during heating. Reweighing the sample after heating will reveal the mass of anhydrous (without water) CuxCly, and thus the mass of water initially in the compound. Dissolving the salt in water and reacting the copper ions with a more reactive metal will separate out the copper. The copper collected in this way is then massed. The mass of chloride present in the compound is obtained by difference. Experimental Procedure: Removing the H2O: • Turn on the hotplate located between the desks or in the hood and adjust to a setting of 5 or 6. • Clean, dry, and weigh a small ceramic crucible. • Weigh out between 1 and 2 grams of the blue copper chloride hydrate into the crucible. -
Experiment 1 – Separation of Copper(II) Sulfate from Sand
Name: _________________________________ Section: _____________________ Experiment 1 – Separation of Copper(II) Sulfate from Sand Discussion Mixtures are a combination of substances in which the components keep their individual characteristics. Mixtures have variable proportions and can be separated by simple physical means. The mixture’s components have different physical properties like melting point, boiling point, or solubility that allow us to selectively remove individual components from the mixture. Once separated, the percentage of each component in the original mixture can be calculated. In this experiment, you will separate a mixture of copper(II) sulfate and sand using the physical property of solubility. You will learn about certain methods of separation that include decantation, filtration, and evaporation. Finally, the Law of Conservation of Mass will be applied to check the validity of your final calculations. Procedure 1. Weigh about 4 –5 grams of the CuSO4/sand mixture in a 100 mL beaker on the laboratory balance by taring (your instructor will explain and demonstrate). 2. Add 10–15 mL of D.I. water to the beaker, and swirl. Next, weigh and record the weight of a piece of filter paper AND an evaporating dish separately. Then assemble the filter apparatus as demonstrated by the instructor, filter the mixture, and collect the filtrate (liquid) onto the evaporating dish. Use your wash bottle (filled with D.I. water) to transfer all the undissolved solid from the beaker to the filter paper. After all the liquid has drained through the filter, wash the filter with small portions of D.I. water from the wash bottle until the washings are colorless. -
Chemistry Lab Kit Instructions
CHEMISTRY LAB KIT INSTRUCTIONS Not suitable for children under 10 years. For use under WARNING! adult supervision. Contains some chemicals which present a hazard to health. Read the instructions before use, follow them and keep them for reference. Do not allow chemicals to come into contact with any part of the body, particularly mouth and eyes. Keep small children and animals away from experiments. Keep the experimental set out of reach of children under 10 years old. Eye protection for supervising adults is not included. MADE IN CHINA P38-CM001-81001003 CONTENTS : 2 Test Tubes with Stoppers 1 Cleaning Brush 1 Test Tube Holder 2 Glass Tubing 1 Rubber Tubing 1 Spirit Lamp 1 Beaker(0-100ml) 1 Stirring Rod 1 Measuring Spoon 6 Filter Papers 8 Universal Indicator Paper 1 Goggles 2 Cork Stoppers with hole 1 Funnel 2 Cork Stoppers 1 Instruction Book 1 Scoop 1 Dropping Pipette 1 Test Tube Rack The Safety Rules Read these instructions before use, follow them and keep them for reference. Keep young children, animals and those not wearing eye protection away from the experimental area. Always wear eye protection. Store this experimental set out of reach of children under 10 years of age. Clean all equipment after use. Make sure that all containers are fully closed and properly stored after use. Ensure that all empty containers are disposed of properly; Wash hands after carrying out experiments. DO NOT use any equipment which has not been supplied with the set or recommended in the instructions for use. DO NOT eat or drink in the experimental area. -
Used for Moving Beakers Off of Hot Surfaces
Lab Equipment and Use Review Sheet Glassware Function Glassware Function Glassware Function Running Accurately Running reactions, measuring/ reactions, heating chemicals mixing mixing delivering chemicals – chemicals, volumes of easier for mixing Beaker heating Buret liquids than beakers chemicals Erlenmeyer Flask Used in Running Used to mix vacuum reactions, chemicals to heating filtration chemicals accurately mixing determine chemicals – concentration; Volumetric easier for contains exact Florence Flask Flask Filter Flask mixing than volumes beakers Used for Used for Used for mixing filtering and accurately and heating chemicals and for adding measuring running chemicals the volume reactions– without of liquids. smaller quantities Funnel Graduated spilling Test Tube than beakers and Cylinder flasks. Holding For stirring For storing Chemicals, Glass Stirring Rod chemicals small amounts covering of chemicals Watch Glass beakers during Sample Vial heating For adding Used to small evaporate amounts of Used for Evaporating liquids chemicals – lighting burner Dish usually by Plastic Pipets drops Used to add Utility Clamp – deionized used to hold water; to add objects on a solvents for ring stand. cleaning of Iron ring – Squirt Bottle beakers and used to hold other objects above glassware. a Bunsen burner flame. Ring Stand Ring stand – Beaker Tongs with Utility used to hold Clamp and various Iron Ring objects. Equipment Function Equipment Function Equipment Function Heat source in Used to grind Used to clean the chemistry chemicals into glassware lab. Uses powder natural gas. Mortar and Pestle Test tube brush/beaker Bunsen Burner brush Used to hold a Used to Used to crucible above transport hot strongly heat a flame – used Crucible tongs crucibles and substances Clay triangle in conjunction to remove Crucible and above a flame with iron ring their covers Cover Used to hold Used to handle a Used in group of test single test tube. -
Safety in the Chemistry Laboratory
Reference: Safety in Academic Chemistry Laboratories-Accident Prevention for College and University Students. A Publication of American Chemical Society Joint Board-Council Committee on Chemical Safety. 7th Edition-Vol 1 Safety in the Chemistry Laboratory General • All students must pass the Safety Quiz and sign a Safety Agreement before working in the lab. • State and Federal law require the use of splash proof safety goggles by anyone working in a chemical lab. No student will be allowed to work in the lab or weighing room without wearing the department approved splash-proof safety goggles with side shield, lab apron/coat, and closed toe shoes. There will be no exception to this rule. • You will be doing lab experiments that require hazardous chemicals. To ensure a safe chemistry lab you need to follow : o all safety rules given , o the safety DVD, and o all written and verbal instructions given for each experiment. • All safety rules will be strictly enforced. Ignoring or failing to follow any safety rule or instruction will result in your being dismissed from the lab. Safety Equipment Know the locations/operations and use of the following emergency equipments: 1. Fire extinguisher is stored in a compartment attached to the wall. 2. Red fire alarm is on the wall at eyelevel next to the fire extinguisher 3. Fire blanket is stored inside a labeled red box attached to the wall next to the fire extinguisher. The blanket is to be used on clothing that caught fire. The blanket can also be used to cover a shock victim. 4.