Heritage of Kranj

Home , Besnica (stream), Ivan Vurnik, Janez Bleiweis, Kranj, Simon Jenko, Udin Woods

Thirty sites of the Municipality of Kranj Heritage of Kranj

Preface

At the Kranj Tourist Board we decided to publish a brochure containing all the basic information on the exquisite cultural and natural monuments, museums and galleries in the City Municipality of Kranj. We would like to familiarise visitors with the city and guide them through the oldest archaeological discoveries and show them our modern architecture and technical heritage. We would like to take them to all the secret places in the wonderful natural surroundings of the city and to all the interesting places that the Kokra river canyon has hidden from curious eyes. A rich cultural, natural and technical heritage, intertwined with famous Slovenian names that have made a memorable con- tribution to the city of Kranj, all meet in this publication as a part of the past, which we cherish and gladly offer to tourists. The places were chosen according to the already existing tourist offer in Kranj, the wishes of tourists and what we are most proud of.

It is our wish that the publication serve as an encouragement to stroll the rural surroundings and the city itself, and also, as an invitation to revisit the City Municipality of Kranj. We believe that there is so much to see in Kranj that one day does not suffice to see it all.

Natalija Polenec, Director Index

1 City Hall 2 Pre{eren Memorial Museum 3 France Pre{eren 4 Pre{eren’s grove 5 Simon Jenko 6 The parish church of St. Kancijan 7 The ossuary 8 Pungert with the two towers and the church 9 Kranj’s defence walls 10 Khislstein castle and country mansion (Ulrih's house) 11 Tollhouse 12 Pirc’s dye-works 13 Pav{lar’s house 14 Layer’s house 15 Leopold Layer 16 Janez Puhar 17 Janez Bleiweis 18 Jo`e Ple~nik in Kranj 19 Slovenski trg 20 The water tower 21 The tunnels of Kranj 22 The canyon of Kokra 23 The giant sequoia in Kranj 24 Udin bor{t 25 Ponds in Bobovek 26 The [um waterfall 27 The Trboje Lake 28 The Brdo castle 29 Park Brdo 30 The Chapel of St. Peter under the hill [marjetna gora 1

City Hall The City Hall’s present form was made by joining two buildings, the older corner building (a clock tower and a classicistic colonnade shed) and a newer building on the square Glavni trg, where the entrance is today. The most interesting part of the corner building is a late-Gothic colonnade hall1 dating back to the first half of the 16th century, which you can now enter through the entrance hall and a former black kitchen. On fair days this room was used for events and most likely also for storing goods. The newer building, leaning closely against the older one is better known, with its empha- sized spindle in the façade part and a hall on the first floor (today’s wedding hall) that dates back to 1638 and furnished with a wooden coffered ceiling and two marquetry portals. It is one of the finest Renaissance castles from the 16th and 17th century in Slovenia.

Address: Glavni trg 4, Kranj. In the City Hall, the Renaissance Hall and three permanent exhibitions are put on show: the works of an academic sculptor Lojze Dolinar (1893-1970), the archaeological exhibition Iron Thread and the ethnological exhibition Folk Art in Gorenjska. The Kranj Art Society and the City Hall galleries are situated on the ground floor. Opening hours: Tuesday to Sunday between 10 a.m. and 6 p.m., closed on Mondays; closed on 1.1., 1.5. and 1.11. Entrance fee: adults 2.30 EUR, young or retired 1.70 EUR, groups above 10 - adults 1.90 EUR, groups above 10 - young 1.50 EUR, family 4.20 EUR, guided tour through Pre{eren’s grove 0.50 EUR per person. When Dr. France Pre{eren (1846-1849) lived here, the house was owned by Franc Mayr, a merchant and brewer. The house was rearranged into a museum in 1964 according to the design of the architect Tone Bitenc. On the frontage there is a memorial plaque, unveiled on the centenary of the poet’s birth. The house comprises two parts that were joined in the 17th century, first with a wooden and later, stone arcade hallway. A painting from the 19th century was discovered on the ground floor after the last renovation on the bicentenary of the poet’s birth (2000). Art exhibitions and smaller cultural events take place here, while on the first floor there is a memorial museum with the poet’s original works and valuable early prints as well as a room furnished with original furniture. Pre{eren Memorial Museum 2

Address: Pre{ernova ulica 7, Kranj. The building is owned by the Municipality of Kranj and administered by the Gorenjska museum. Inside one can find the Pre{eren memorial museum and a museum shop. Opening hours: Tuesday to Sunday between 10 a.m. and 6 p.m., closed on Mondays; closed on 1.1., 1.5. and 1.11. Entrance fee: Adults 2.30 EUR, young or retired 1.70 EUR, groups above 10 - adults 1.90 EUR, groups above 10 - young 1.50 EUR, family 4.20 EUR. France Pre{eren

Today France Pre{eren is known as the greatest Slovene poet. He was born on the 3rd of December 1800 to a peasant family in Vrba na Gorenjskem. After graduating from the Vienna law faculty he worked in Ljubljana as a lawyer with Dr. Bla` Crobath. Most of his poems were written there. The last3 years of his life, Pre{eren lived in Kranj. In 1846 he was admitted as a provincial barrister in Kranj, and opened an independent practice here. He died of illness in Kranj on the 8th of February 1849. In Kranj the memory of the poet France Pre{eren is marked in various ways. The grave of the poet is in Pre{eren’s grove. On Pre{eren Street in the old town centre is the memorial museum of Dr. France Pre{eren; it is located in the house where the poet worked and lived in the last years of his life. On the first and the second floor of Pavšlar’s house, on the square Glavni trg 18 in Kranj, there is the Prešern Prize-winners gallery. In front of Pre{eren’s theatre stands a bronze sculpture of the poet, created by Fran~i{ek Smrduj and Peter Loboda. Since 1969 the Academic choir France Pre{eren Kranj has worked in Kranj, and also an elementary school and municipal awards in the field of art and culture are named after the poet. The Municipality of Kranj celebrates its municipal holiday on the date of the poet’s birth, 3rd of December, while various events also take place on the 8th of February, honouring the anniversary of the poet’s death. Pre{eren’s grove

The cemetery by the parish church in the old town centre was abandoned in 1798 and burials moved to a new cemetery outside the city walls. In the years immediately prior to the Second World War, burials at that cemetery ceased as well and in 1951 the cemetery was rearranged into a memorial park according to the design of the architects Marjan [orli and Ru{ka Ogorevc. The most important monuments in the park are: the tombstone of poet Dr. France Pre{eren dated 1852 (made by Ignacij Toman jr.), the tombstone of poet Simon Jenko (1873, made by Janez Vurnik), Majdi~’s vault 4with marble relief “Resurrection” (1910, Ivan Zajc) and a memorial to the Bazovica victims and Vladimir Gortan shot in Pulj, which is one of the earliest memorials to the victims of fascism in Europe (1931).

Address: entrance from Gregor~i~eva ulica or from Partizanska cesta, Kranj Simon Jenko 5

The poet and writer was born on the 27th of October 1835 in Podre~a near Mav~i~e. Between 1864 and 1866 Jenko lived in Kranj and worked as a probationer with a famous notary in Kranj. Later he worked as a clerk in Kamnik, but a few months before his death he returned to Kranj, where he died on the 18th of October 1869, aged 33. The house where the Slovene poet Simon Jenko lived and died is on the Pot na kolodvor in the old town centre. On the house there is a memorial plaque the city unveiled on the 60th anniversary of the national reading club on the 2nd of September 1923. Jenko’s memorial tombstone stands in Pre{eren’s grove, which dates back to 1873, designed and made by Janez Vurnik, a stonecutter from Radovljica. An elementary school and a street in Kranj are named after Jenko. The parish church 6 of St. Kancijan A triple-nave church, i.e. a hall type from the beginning of the 15th century is the most important building in the town’s veduta and is one of the most important monuments in Gothic architecture in Slovenia as well as a model for many later churches (Radovljica, [kofja Loka, Kamnik, [entrupert na Dolenjskem). Archaeological research performed in 1972 and1984 showed that already in the pre-Slavonic era a sacral building stood in the place of today’s Gothic church dedicated to the martyrs of Oglej: the saints Kancij, Kancijan, Kancijanila and Prot. The presbytery of today’s church was built onto an older nave in 1413 and is a classical example of the so-called long choir. In the middle of the 15th century the older nave was replaced by a Gothic hall with polygonal columns. Gothic rib vaults are connected with figuratively as well as aesthetically richly decorated keystones. The church is wonderfully complemented by frescos of angels with instruments made around 1460 by the “@irovni{ki master”.

Address: Glavni trg, Kranj The ossuary

The chapel with the ossuary has stood at the cemetery by the present parish church of St. Kancijan since the 13th century. The benefice of the ossuary chapel was managed by the noble family Egkh of Brdo near Predoslje at the end of the 15th century. During the reforms of Joseph II (1789) the cemetery by the church was abandoned and moved to another site (see Pre{eren’s grove), and the ossuary chapel was demolished. After years of archaeological excavations from 1970 to 1975 and in 1984 and after endeavours to present the finds, today the ossuary is arranged by the architectural remains of a late- antique baptistery. The key to the ossuary, hidden under the pavement of the square behind the Church of St. Kancijan, is kept at the reception of the Gorenjska museum in the City Hall.

Address: alongside the Church of St. Kancijan and Companions, Glavni trg, Kranj. Opening hours: upon previous arrangement with the Gorenjska museum. Entrance is free. 7 Pungert with the two towers and church

Somehow at the edge of the main traffic flow of the city at the tip of the promontory (the square Trubarjev trg) lays the tract of Pungert. The name itself tells us originating (from the German word Baumgarten - orchard) that this used to be the gardens of townsmen and maybe also a refuge for people from the surrounding areas at times of fire or other danger. Such sites can also be found in other medieval towns (e.g. Radovljica). The only wholly preserved medieval defence tower dating back to the 16th century, preserved after later reconstructions and serving as the town’s dungeon (1832) and later, even for housing purposes stands on Pugert today. In the immediate vicinity of the tower a Gothic rib-vaulted branch church was built during the plague in the 15th century and dedicated to the patrons against deadly disease, St. Fabian, St. Sebastian and St. Rok. The bell tower and the shed were added to the building in the 18th and 19th centuries respectively.

Address: Trubarjev trg 6, Kranj Kranj’s defence walls 9

Located on a conglomerate promontory, between the steep canyons of the rivers Sava and Kokra, the town was naturally well protected and thus appealing for settlement from as far back as the stone age (4th millennium B.C.), but because of its strategic position by the entrance to the Gornjesavska valley it had to be protected during various historical periods with defence walls and towers. The city was most vulnerable in the north where the remains of a prehistoric defence moat from the 7th century B.C. are archaeologically confirmed, while the medieval defence walls were ten meters wide (along today’s Regin~eva street). The entire length of the town’s defence walls was 870 meters and additionally fortified with nine towers; one is partially preserved on [krlovec and has distinct architectural elements of the 15th and the early 16th centuries. These are characteristic of the defence works of Prince Frederick III at the end of the Turkish invasions into the Zgornje Posavje region (1471, 1473, 1475, 1478, 1480, 1483 and 1491). The defence tower on [krlovec also served to store armoury. Khislstein castle and country mansion (Ulrih's house) The building is an indispensable part of the town’s silhouette at the edge of the conglomerate promontory, rooted in the town’s defence walls and reflecting centuries of architectural development. Its foundations hide early and late antique walling and defence mechanisms of the fifth and the sixth centuries. The frame of the castle was expanded in width, length and height, from a palladium of the Ortenburg dynasty in the middle of the 13th century to a Renaissance town palace of 10the Khisl family, after which the building still bears its name (Jan` Khisl from Fu`ine bought the castle in 1578). Subsequent owners were the aristocratic families Mosconi, Ravbar, Apfaltrer, Auersperg and at the end, Natalis Paglia- ruzzi. The newest part of the building is the courtyard tract with arcade passageways, made during reconstructions in the 18th and 19th centuries. Many quality architectural elements are preserved in the castle, among which the courtyard and main portal made around 1578 and partially preserved frescos with the motives of veduta (in the green room) particu- larly stand out. The country mansion (Tom{i~eva 42) consists of two buildings connected with an arcade passageway which also used to belong to the castle. More important though is the building at the edge of the promontory with its core is most likely a part of the defence system, maybe even a smaller fortification unit in this part of the town, and which originates in late antiquity. In the archaeological ground floor archaeologists found remains of casting kilns supplementing an antique glazier’s workshop found in the courtyard between the castle and the mansion.

Address: Tom{i~eva ulica 44, Kranj. The Gorenjska museum has its administrative and working premises in Khislstein castle. One of the most important buildings in Kranj is the tollhouse built in 1527. The building represents an early form of town house with console-supported upper stories, which appeared in our area in the first half of the 16th century. The upper storey leans on segmented stony consoles supported by a polygonal shaped stone column. The building has in later periods often been restored, and today its most important artistic elements are: a rich edging made using a graphite technique on the first floor of the bulding’s facade, a quality signboard with Kranj’s coat-of-arms, the ground plan and arches inside.

Address: Tav~arjeva ulica 35, Kranj Tollhouse 11 Pirc’s dye-works

The beginnings of the dye-works, later known as Pirc’s dye- works, reach back to the first decades of the 18th century, and in less than a century, it developed into a medium-sized manufacturing plant. Mostly linen and cotton were dyed in the dye-works. In the second half of the 19th century the owner of the dye-works hired nearby farmers to weave linen, which he then bought in, dyed, printed and sold in his shop in town (at the former Peter~ek). Orders also came in from all major Austro-Hungarian cities. The dye-works remained in operation until the industrialisation process in the middle of the 20th century. In the memorial room visitors can see devices for fabric-ironing from 1797 and 1809. Work processes in the dye-works and production of linen are also presented. The collection is enriched by a grand legacy of bourgeois dressing culture which reveals the charm of former bourgeois life, family documents and documents on the development of the dye-works and shop as well as the cultural, sporting and economical development of Kranj.

Address: Vodopiv~eva ulica 11, Kranj. Visits possible upon previous arrangement with the Tourist Board Kranj 12(www.tourism-kranj.si, 04/23 80 450) or with Darja Okorn (04/202 70 11, 040/79 11 96). Entrance fee: 1 EUR per person. Pav{lar’s house 13

An old town house, probably constructed soon after 1550 by connecting two or even three older buildings with a picturesque arcade passageway lies in a central position on the square Glavni trg (opposite the Town Hall), attesting to the nobility of its previous owners as well as today’s usage (the Pre{eren Prize-winners Gallery) and position. Today’s building took shape after research, static reinforcement and restoration works performed from 1989 to 1992. The basic functional division of the town house into ground floor offices and living quarters on the first floor was maintained for centuries. A high living standard is proven by the crested arches in the entrance hall, a wooden renaissance ceiling on the first floor, clay brick flooring shaped in a comb and above all, the impressive frescos inside and on the house frontage.

Address: Glavni trg 18, Kranj. Inside are the premises of the Pre{eren Prize-winners Gallery, which is administered by the Municipality of Kranj. Opening hours: weekdays from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m., Saturdays from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. On Sundays, Mondays and holidays the gallery is closed. Entrance is free. Layer’s house Leopold Layer, one of the most prolific Slovene painters at the turn of the 18th century worked in a storied house at the turn of the 18th century near Khislstein. The house draws our attention with its picturesque frontage, decorated with classicistic stucco ornaments and complemented by a stone portal and a decoration with a baroque feel under the jutting roof. Even more valuable is the interior which on the first floor reveals a bath-shaped arched room painted in the beginning of the 19th century with personifications of art accom- 14panied by a portrait of the artist or perhaps the architect. The arch above the staircase is also painted; in 1840 Jurij Tav~ar painted a man with an ox yoke here. A terraced garden acces- sible from the house through a large storied arcade will also prove intriguing after its renovation.

Address: Tom{i~eva ulica 32, Kranj Leopold Layer

Leopold Layer is known as one of the most prominent painters working in Slovenia at the turn of the 18th century. He was born on the 20th of November 1752 into a famous family of painters. The original Layer home was at Pungart no. 6, but later the family moved into Town no. 52 and 84 where they had their workshop. In 1811 a fire destroyed the Layer’s house and workshop, and the painter built a new house at today’s Tom{i~eva ulica 32, where he died on the 12th of April 1828. 15 The Gorenjska museum has several paintings by Leopold Layer, many of the painter’s works are privately owned in Kranj while others can be seen in churches on Rupa, in Huje, Stra`i{~e, the Rosary Church in Kranj and in the collection of the ecclesiastic art of the parish office in Kranj.

Veronika’s cloth, oil painting, canvas, beginning of the 19th century, 65 x 48 cm Janez Puhar

The inventor of glass photography took his place among the world’s pioneers of photography in 1852 with an internation- al award in Paris. He was born in 1814 on Regin~eva street in Kranj to an old and eminent family. He was extremely talented, spoke several languages, was engaged in drawing, botanics, astronomy, music and played several instruments which he had made himself. In grammar school he was already filled with enthusiasm for matthematics, physics and chemistry. After graduation he wanted do devote himself to art, but became a priest at his mother’s request. He served in several towns in Slovenia and probably returned to Kranj 16for the sake of photographic experiments. By that time he was already mortally ill and died in 1864 in Kranj. To honour our great fellow countryman there are two memorial plaques in Kranj, one in the street of his birth and the other in Pre{eren’s grove, while his tradition continues in the oldest Slovene photography society Janez Puhar. Janez Bleiweis

Dr. Janez Bleiweis was born in Kranj on the 19th of November 1808 to a family of merchants. He was a Slovene politician, writer, veterinarian and a doctor. He wrote a series of popular and scientific volumes on veterinary science, but the broader public knows him better as the father of the nation. In 1843 he was committed to editing the publication Kmetijske in rokodelske novice, in which he consistently used Slovene language and the Gajic alphabet, which set him at the top of the Slovene national awakening. From 1861 to 1880 he was a representative of the Carniola Provincial Assembly. Bleiweis died on the 29th of November 171881. A memorial plaque is on the frontage of the house of his birth at Tav~arjeva ulica 25 and bust on a marble pedestal by the sculptor Frlic standing on the junction of Bleiweis and Koro{ka roads remind us of our important compatriot. 18 Joè Ple~nik in Kranj Beèk Villa, Koro{ka cesta 27 The plans for the building were drawn in Ple~nik’s seminar by the client’s brother, architect Niko Beèk in 1936. The pro- ject complied with the needs of an unmarried physician (sur- gery with a waiting room on the ground floor, an apartment on the first floor). When designing the building with a single- pitch roof, Ple~nik used the motif of a prominent entrance portal (separating the front of the building with pilasters). Fountain (1952 - 1959), Vodopiv~eva ulica The architect Joè Ple~nik had planned to make a monumental entrance into the town. He transformed the steep slope into a staircase and replaced the former well (called “{terna”) with an obelisk, at the top of which there is a bronze rooster from which the water runs into stone, terraced vessels. The fountain is an interpretation of the Garden of Eden at Hrad~any, Prague. Pre{eren’s Theatre, Glavni trg 6 The theatre used to be a national hall but was rebuilt in 1952 according to the architect’s plans. The most visible change was made on the entrance, to which a monumental arcaded hallway and characteristic lamps were added. Slovenski trg In 1924 the architect Ivan Vurnik built the Narodni dom (National Home). After the Second World War it was strong- ly remodelled and renamed the Delavski dom (Workers’ Home). It was located adjacent to Zvezda park situated there at the time to the east and adjacent to the grammar school (1879) in the west. The building that was built in the northern part of the square during the Second World War serves today as the town hall. It follows German architectural pat- terns. After the war the square changed its name to the Revo- lutionary Square. The architect Tepina remodelled it into an open space and decorated it with statues by the sculptor Lojze Dolinar. After independence a Slovenian lime tree was planted in the middle of the square. The square was19 renamed the Slovenian Square. In the northern part of the square the architect Edvard Ravnikar designed the town hall of the City Municipality of Kranj (1958 - 1960). Together with the eastern part of the Pokojninski dom (Pension Home) and the Brioni ground floor restaurant it forms a lively and attractive square. In the north-eastern part Ravnikar designed a building where the Agency of Payment Transactions had its head- quarters (1961 - 1962). Following Ravnikar’s plans a busi- ness and commercial centre with the Creina hotel (1970) and the Globus department store (1972) were constructed in the southern part of the square along Koro{ka street. In the northern square a relief of Kranj designed by Stane Kolman was set up in 2007. It was made for tourists but also helps those who are blind or vision-impaired.

Adress: Slovenski trg, Kranj 20 The water tower

The water tower was built by the Kranj’s Provincial Committee from 1908 to 1911 according to the design of the hydrologist and architect Jan Vladimir Hráský. It is a tower with an octagon double-ventricle reservoir on top with a total volume of 250 cubic meters. It provided sufficient water pressure in the plumbing even for the highest buildings in Kranj and the near surroundings of the town. The tower is 43 meters high, and according to Gorenjec, a newspaper of the time, “one of the most imposing and magnificent aqueducts of the whole of Austria”. Due to its of authenticity, historical value, age, technical qualities, state of preservation and authorial and artistic standards the building can undoubtedly be regarded as an important cultural monument and for this reason it is listed in the Register of Fixed Cultural Heritage of the Ministry of Culture. The water tower still serves its purpose today.

Address: at the junction of Oldhamska cesta and Cesta Kokr{kega odreda, Kranj Underneath the town of Kranj there are numerous artificial underground facilities that have long ago lost their original purpose and slipped into oblivion, but invite us as works of human hands in a peculiar way to uncover their story. Among them, the most interesting one is the 1300-meter long town air raid shelter, built during the German occupation in the conglomerate promontory on which the old town Kranj stands. Its construction started just before the Second World War and was then restarted in 1944 because of the imminent allied bombing. The work was carried out by two renowned construction companies of Kranj, the company of Josip Slavec and the company of Josip Dedek. The shelter is an important reminder of such construction and a witness of the technical heritage of Kranj during the the war. Access to the Tunnels of Kranj: from the Jelen slope and the canyon of Kokra, behind the Pre{eren theatre and below Pungart.

Opening hours: upon previous arrangement with Tourist Board Kranj, www.tourism-kranj.si, 04/ 23 80 450. 21

The tunnels of Kranj The canyon of Kokra The canyon is an almost 30-metres deep gorge the river Kokra cut into a conglomerate terrace through Kranj dating back to the Ice Age. It is a variegated mosaic of aquatic and waterside biotopes comprising the river, bank, gravel pit, meadow with the flooded woods, rock blocks and conglomerate walls. Such a dynamic and variegated area thus represents a shelter and a home to numerous and in terms of 22vital necessities extremely variegated flora and fauna. It is protected as a natural site and part of Kranj’s old town centre. There is an educational trail in the Kokra canyon. A brochure has been printed, meant primarily for acquainting school groups with the creation of the canyon, life in the river and waterside as well as the current geomorphologic processes. The brochure has been translated into German and English. It is available at Tourist Board Kranj and premises of the Regional Unit of the Institute for the Protection of Nature of the Republic of Slovenia.

For guided visits of the Kokra canyon contact the Kranj Regional Unit of the Institute for Protection of Nature, Tom{i~eva 9,tel.: 04/20 19 460, Tourist Board Kranj, Glavni trg 2, tel.: 04/23 80 450. The giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) in Kranj

Next to the Kranj grammar school stands a giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) that is a protected natural monument. The top of this 27-metre high tree leans about five metres from its vertical line. The car park located23 below the sequoia, which is on the side the tree is leaning, is dama- ging the vitality of the tree. Because of the pressure of the vehicles in the car park the ground has less air and water, and at the same time the vehicles in the car park increase the pressure on the roots, causing the tree to lean even more. There was a great danger the tree would fall. To preserve this unique natural monument, the Regional Unit of the Institute for the Protection of Nature of the Republic of Slovenia proposed that the tree should be secured by steel to the grammar school building so as to prevent it from leaning further. A prior study showed the trunk of the tree to be vital. The tree was secured to the grammar school building in the spring of 2003.

Adress: Koro{ka cesta 13, Kranj Udin bor{t is a conglomerate terrace dating back to the Ice Age that lies between Kranj, Tr`i~ and Naklo. Here we can see karst features such as sinkholes, karst caves, abysses and swallow holes. The conglomerate terrace is 10 to 15 metres thick and lies on impermeable Oligocene grey clay. There are numerous springs at the juncture of the two aggregates. Among them the most well known springs are in the water caves Velika Lebinica, Mala Lebinica and Arne{eva Luknja with two halls and stalactites, Dupulnek also known as the cave at Zadrga, and Dacar’s and Hi{ar’s abyss. North of the Kokrica - Naklo road in marshy springs, between peat moss, thrive sundew (Drosera rotundifolia) and mrzli~nik (Menyanthes trifoliat). Among trees worth seeing there are the Red pine (Pinus sylvestris) and a group of oak trees by the Novake - Seni~no road, a linden tree at the village of @igan- ja vas as well as the former forest reserve Kriva jelka. An invi- ting footpath leads through Udin bor{t and its surroundings, a short route (1.30 hours) and long one (3 hours), named “In the embrace of nature and tradition”, which was established by the local Cultural Tourist Association Pod Krivo jelko. You can read more about Udin bor{t in the book by Borut Mencinger - Naravni parki Slovenije (Natural parks of Slovenia), which was published by Mladinska knjiga in 2004. In the area of the Municipality of Kranj on Kokrica by the rollerblading track and in Letence the Regional Unit of the 24Institute for the Protection of Nature of the Republic of Slovenia in cooperation with the Institute for the Protection of Cultural Heritage of the Republic of Slovenia set up explanatory boards regarding the memorial park Udin bor{t in 2005.

Address: Kokrica near Kranj Udin bor{t Ponds in Bobovek

The ponds in Bobovek are protected as a natural reserve. While clay was being dug up here fish fossils and the remains of a mammoth where found that date back to the Ice Age as well as an urn burial ground dating from the Roman times. In the artificially formed biotope of the clay pits we can see ponds, pools and marshland, among which reeds stand out as being an extraordinarily heterogeneous habitat. Marsh plant species, numerous birds (marsh reed warbles, song birds, kingfishers and small Botaurus stellaris), insects, dragonflies and frogs, etc. have made their home here. Unfortunately, not all visitors realise the natural value of Bobovek, not even the owners that leave waste or fill up the ponds in other ways. Be better than them!

Address: Kokrica near Kranj 26 The [um waterfall

Only six kilometres away from Kranj, through Zgornja Besnica into Nova vas and from there, less than ten-minute walk is the [um waterfall, whose tumbling waters can be heard from far away. The Nemilj{~ica stream that has its river basin east of Jelovica overcomes a 20-meter high waterfall over a steep rocky level. You are kindly invited to visit the waterfall that is a natural asset, but we ask you to take back with you every- thing that you brought with you, together with impressions of the great power of water and some photographs. Up the riverbed, on a well-trodden forest path we can con- tinue to the remains of the so called Roman baths, described already by Valvasor. The locals know this as the Besnica baths. Two smaller pools were built in 1954 on a thermal spring with a temperature of around 20° C where rheumatics could find relief. Today only remains of the pools can be seen.

Address: Zgornja Besnica near Kranj The Trboje Lake was created between Kranj and Mav~i~e as a result of damming the river Sava when they built the hydro- electric power plant Mav~i~e. The water partially flooded the spectacular canyon Zarica that Sava cut into the gravel detri- tus agglutinate in a conglomerate on Kranjsko polje and Sor{ko polje. Gravel pits, river groves and rapids were replaced by a lake that became the home of many water birds. Some build their nests here, some come on winter migration and others are only visiting. Especially worth mentioning is “veliki `agar” or Mergus merganser as most of the Slovene population of this rare bird nests at the Trboje lake. Vegetation that is otherwise found in the mountains grows here on variegated conglomerate rocks. Among them is also edelweiss which at the Trboje Lake grows at the lowest eleva- tion in Slovenia.

Address: Trboje near Kranj The Trboje Lake 27 The central monument of the estate Brdo, today used for protocol purposes, is a Renaissance fortified castle built in the place of an older one in 1510 by the Gorica provincial governor and Viceroy Jurij Egkh. The Egkhs arranged the first orchards, ponds and a garden. In the second half of the 17th century the castle came under the possession of the Counts Schrottenbach and Gallenberg; later in the middle of the 18th century the family Zois became the owner and kept the estate until 1928. In 1935 Prince Pavle Karad`ord`evi} bought the castle, and after the Second World War Josip Broz Tito chose it for his residence. During this period the castle was thoroughly reconstructed under the guidance of the architects Vinko Glanz and Igor Luna~ek and so lost most of its Renaissance form, but gained a rich collection of furniture, carpets and arts. Tito’s living quarters with a reference work- room and a library with numerous incunabula are also preserved. The castle is surrounded by a large park that under- went several rearrangements since the 15th century.

Address: Brdo near Kranj. Visitations for groups are possible upon previous arrangement with the reception of the hotel Kokra 28on Brdo, Predoslje 39, 04 260 15 01.

The Brdo castle Park Brdo

Over 478 hectares of woods, parks, promenades and fish ponds of the Brdo estate offer a rare and therefore all the more powerful sight into the far past harmoniously mixing with modernity. With its castle defence walls and impeccable park areas, the Brdo estate is a treasure of Carniola’s29 aristocratic history, which is still kept alive today by protocol events and meetings of statesmen. Seventy-two hectares of faultles- sly arranged park areas are enriched by the magnificent Brdo Castle which possesses a famous beehive, winery and orangery. A walk through the park, which due to rich flora and fauna is an experience in itself (according to the current 5-year records 1,111 different animal species and 968 different plants have been documented, among them also 10 new species in Slovenia), and among other things also enables you to see a valuable sculpture collection. At Brdo it is also possible to enjoy a ride, a drive in a carriage or a sleigh ride. All this is enabled by a modern equestrian and tourism centre. A hippodrome built in 1977 today serves a double function. The hippodrome and its surroundings serve as an exercise area for golf fans, offering a short and long course and put- ting green. On your walk through Brdo you will also notice the three straw-covered local kozolce (freestanding vertical drying racks) - one by the hotel Kokra and two at the hippodrome. All three have been recently reconstructed and are now an enrichment to Brdo’s scenery.

Address: Brdo near Kranj. The price of a guided tour is 2 EUR per person, entrance fee for individual visits is 2.50 EUR per person. The Chapel of St. Peter under the hill [marjetna gora

30According to the date on the western portal, it was long thought that the chapel was built in the 17th century, but thorough research performed during the last reconstruction showed that the core of the chapel had already been constructed in the 11th century or even earlier. The manner of construction with stone hewing and grouting indicate a Romanesque construction of the 11th, 12th and partly 13th centuries, while stones dating from the Roman era were used for the construction of the corners. The architrave of the southern entrance is also Roman, which according to the semicircular shape and the size, is also dated as Romanesque. The rectangular nave was at first illuminated by only two small circular windows (oculus) widening into to the inner part, resembling a funnel. The windows are carved from a single piece of stone and are unique in the area of Gorenjska. The altar part was at first a semi-circular apse which became too small in the 14th century and was then extended into a three- eighths concluded presbytery. The nave was elevated and covered with a new roof with a rooftop belfry and consecrated in 1645 in an attempt to delete the traces of the era when the chapel was used for religious ceremonies by Protestants. The interior was enriched with a wooden painted ceiling.

Address: [marjetna gora, Stra`i{~e near Kranj info: Pre{eren Prize-winners Gallery: www.gpn-kranj.si

The Gorenjska museum: www.gorenjski-muzej.videofon.si

Public commercial institution Brdo: www.brdo.com

City Municipality of Kranj: www.kranj.si

Tourist Board Kranj: www.tourism-kranj.si

The Kranj parish: www.zupnije.rkc.si/kranj

Edited and published by: Tourist Board Kranj for the Municipality of Kranj, Content layout: 1,2,4,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,18,20,28,30: Milo{ Ekar (Kranj Regional Unit of the Institute for the Protection of Cultural Heritage: ), 3,5,15,17: Manca Beèk (Tourist Board Kranj), 22,23,24,25,26: Maja Brozovi~ (IRSNC, RU Kranj), 27: Sonja Rozman Bizjak (IRSNC, RU Kranj), 12,19,29: Natalija Polenec (Tourist Board Kranj), 21: Gregor Aljan~i~, 16: Petra Puhar Kejàr - Photography: Gregor Aljan~i~, Luka Dakskobler, Du{an Grobov{ek, Bo{tjan Gun~ar, Drago Holinsky, Bogdan Kladnik, Vladimir Kralji~, Lev Lisjak Rebolj, Bojan Okorn, Natalija Polenec, Archives: Institute of the Republic of Slovenia for Nature Conservation, Kranj Regional Unit, Institute for the Protection of Cultural Heritage, Kranj Regional Unit, Petra Puhar Kejàr, Gorenjska Museum - Printing: Printing Office Oman, Kranj - Design: Lev Lisjak Rebolj - Translation: Tamara @erjal, Phoenix - Language Editing: mag. Mary Anne Lavrence, Phoenix - ISBN 978-961-92218-6-0 - COBISS 237248768 - Print run: 25000 - Year of publication: 2008 City Municipality of Kranj Slovenski trg 1 4000 Kranj Slovenija

Tel.: +386 (0)4 237 30 00 www.kranj.si

Tourist Board Kranj Glavni trg 2 4000 Kranj Slovenija

Tel.: +386 (0)4 238 04 50 Faks: +386 (0)4 238 04 51 www.tourism-kranj.si