Legba No Brasil – Transformações E Continuidades De Uma Divindade
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Umbanda: Africana Or Esoteric? Open Library of Humanities, 6(1): 25, Pp
ARTICLE How to Cite: Engler, S 2020 Umbanda: Africana or Esoteric? Open Library of Humanities, 6(1): 25, pp. 1–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16995/olh.469 Published: 30 June 2020 Peer Review: This article has been peer reviewed through the double-blind process of Open Library of Humanities, which is a journal published by the Open Library of Humanities. Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Open Access: Open Library of Humanities is a peer-reviewed open access journal. Digital Preservation: The Open Library of Humanities and all its journals are digitally preserved in the CLOCKSS scholarly archive service. Steven Engler, ‘Umbanda: Africana or Esoteric?’ (2020) 6(1): 25 Open Library of Humanities. DOI: https:// doi.org/10.16995/olh.469 ARTICLE Umbanda: Africana or Esoteric? Steven Engler Mount Royal University, CA [email protected] Umbanda is a dynamic and varied Brazilian spirit-incorporation tradition first recorded in the early twentieth century. This article problematizes the ambiguity of categorizing Umbanda as an ‘Afro-Brazilian’ religion, given the acknowledged centrality of elements of Kardecist Spiritism. It makes a case that Umbanda is best categorized as a hybridizing Brazilian Spiritism. Though most Umbandists belong to groups with strong African influences alongside Kardecist elements, many belong to groups with few or no African elements, reflecting greater Kardecist influence. -
P E E L C H R Is T Ian It Y , Is L a M , an D O R Isa R E Lig Io N
PEEL | CHRISTIANITY, ISLAM, AND ORISA RELIGION Luminos is the open access monograph publishing program from UC Press. Luminos provides a framework for preserving and rein- vigorating monograph publishing for the future and increases the reach and visibility of important scholarly work. Titles published in the UC Press Luminos model are published with the same high standards for selection, peer review, production, and marketing as those in our traditional program. www.luminosoa.org Christianity, Islam, and Orisa Religion THE ANTHROPOLOGY OF CHRISTIANITY Edited by Joel Robbins 1. Christian Moderns: Freedom and Fetish in the Mission Encounter, by Webb Keane 2. A Problem of Presence: Beyond Scripture in an African Church, by Matthew Engelke 3. Reason to Believe: Cultural Agency in Latin American Evangelicalism, by David Smilde 4. Chanting Down the New Jerusalem: Calypso, Christianity, and Capitalism in the Caribbean, by Francio Guadeloupe 5. In God’s Image: The Metaculture of Fijian Christianity, by Matt Tomlinson 6. Converting Words: Maya in the Age of the Cross, by William F. Hanks 7. City of God: Christian Citizenship in Postwar Guatemala, by Kevin O’Neill 8. Death in a Church of Life: Moral Passion during Botswana’s Time of AIDS, by Frederick Klaits 9. Eastern Christians in Anthropological Perspective, edited by Chris Hann and Hermann Goltz 10. Studying Global Pentecostalism: Theories and Methods, by Allan Anderson, Michael Bergunder, Andre Droogers, and Cornelis van der Laan 11. Holy Hustlers, Schism, and Prophecy: Apostolic Reformation in Botswana, by Richard Werbner 12. Moral Ambition: Mobilization and Social Outreach in Evangelical Megachurches, by Omri Elisha 13. Spirits of Protestantism: Medicine, Healing, and Liberal Christianity, by Pamela E. -
A Musical Analysis of Afro-Cuban Batá Drumming
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 2-2019 Meaning Beyond Words: A Musical Analysis of Afro-Cuban Batá Drumming Javier Diaz The Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/2966 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] MEANING BEYOND WORDS: A MUSICAL ANALYSIS OF AFRO-CUBAN BATÁ DRUMMING by JAVIER DIAZ A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Music in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Musical Arts, The City University of New York 2019 2018 JAVIER DIAZ All rights reserved ii Meaning Beyond Words: A Musical Analysis of Afro-Cuban Batá Drumming by Javier Diaz This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Music in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor in Musical Arts. ——————————— —————————————————— Date Benjamin Lapidus Chair of Examining Committee ——————————— —————————————————— Date Norman Carey Executive Officer Supervisory Committee Peter Manuel, Advisor Janette Tilley, First Reader David Font-Navarrete, Reader THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii ABSTRACT Meaning Beyond Words: A Musical Analysis of Afro-Cuban Batá Drumming by Javier Diaz Advisor: Peter Manuel This dissertation consists of a musical analysis of Afro-Cuban batá drumming. Current scholarship focuses on ethnographic research, descriptive analysis, transcriptions, and studies on the language encoding capabilities of batá. -
AXÉ, ORIXÁ, XIRÊ E MÚSICA: Estudo De Música E Performance No Candomblé Queto Na Baixada Santista
Jorge Luiz Ribeiro de Vasconcelos AXÉ, ORIXÁ, XIRÊ E MÚSICA: Estudo de música e performance no candomblé queto na Baixada Santista Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Artes, da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, para obtenção do Título de Doutor em Música. Orientador: Prof. Dr. José Roberto Zan . Campinas, 2010 FICHA CATALOGRÁFICA ELABORADA PELA BIBLIOTECA DO INSTITUTO DE ARTES DA UNICAMP Vasconcelos, Jorge Luiz Ribeiro de. V441a Axé, orixá, xirê e música: estudo de música e performance no candomblé queto na Baixada Santista. / Jorge Luiz Ribeiro de Vasconcelos. – Campinas, SP: [s.n.], 2010. Orientador: Prof. Dr. José Roberto Zan. Tese(doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes. 1. Candomblé. 2. Música afro-brasileira. 3. Religiões afro- brasileiras. 4. Música e religião. 5. Etnomusicologia. I. Zan, José Roberto. II. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Artes. III. Título. (em/ia) Título em inglês: “Axé, orixá, xirê and music: a study of music and performance in Candomblé Queto.” Palavras-chave em inglês (Keywords): Candomblé ; afro-brazilian music ; afro-brazilian religions ; music and religion ; ethnomusicology. Titulação: Doutor em Música. Banca examinadora: Prof. Dr. José Roberto Zan. Prof. Dr. Ângelo Nonato Natale Cardoso. Prof. Dr. Vagner Gonçalves da Silva. Prof. Dr. Fernando Augusto de Almeida Hashimoto. Prof. Dr. Antônio Rafael Carvalho dos Santos. Prof. Dr. Alberto Tsuyoshi Ikeda. Prof. Dr. Eduardo Vicente. Prof. Dr. Claudiney Rodrigues Carrasco. Data da Defesa: 30-03-2010 Programa de Pós-Graduação: Música. iv v Aos pais e mães, Julião Vasconcelos (em memória) e Helena Ribeiro de Vasconcelos; Marcos D'Ogun e Sandra D'Eloyá. vii AGRADECIMENTOS Agradeço: Primeiramente ao meu orientador Prof. -
Preservation of the Canaanite Creation Culture in Ife1
Preservation of the Canaanite Creation Culture in Ife1 Dierk Lange For Africanists, the idea that cultures from the ancient Near East have influenced African societies in the past in such a way that their basic fea- tures are still recognizable in the present suggests stagnation and regres- sion. Further, they associate the supposed spread of cultural patterns with wild speculations on diffusion: How can Canaan, which is often con- sidered to be the culture of the Near East which preceeded Israel, have had any influence on Africa? They overlook the fact that the Phoenicians were none other than the Canaanites and that as a result of their expan- sion the Canaanite culture stretched to North Africa and to the coast of the Atlantic. In the North African hinterland it reached at least as far as the Fezzan, the most important group of oases in the Central Sahara.2 Scholars of Africa pay insufficient attention to the fact that the central Sahara, similarly to the Mediterranean, with its infertile yet easily cross- able plains and its often high ground water level, was more a benefit to communication than a hindrance.3 Finally, they misjudge the significance of the diffusion process worldwide, which has been emphasized by world historians like McNeill4: If Europe and Asia owe essential developmental impulses to ancient near eastern influences, why should not Africa as well? My current project, however, is not an attempt to show the integration of African peoples into ancient world history, but rather to explore the ne- 1 The following study owes its main thrust to discussions with my friend and colleague Prof. -
AFN 121 Yoruba Tradition and Culture
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works Open Educational Resources Borough of Manhattan Community College 2021 AFN 121 Yoruba Tradition and Culture Remi Alapo CUNY Borough of Manhattan Community College How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/bm_oers/29 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] Presented as part of the discussion on West Africa about the instructor’s Heritage in the AFN 121 course History of African Civilizations on April 20, 2021. Yoruba Tradition and Culture Prof. Remi Alapo Department of Ethnic and Race Studies Borough of Manhattan Community College [BMCC]. Questions / Comments: [email protected] AFN 121 - History of African Civilizations (Same as HIS 121) Description This course examines African "civilizations" from early antiquity to the decline of the West African Empire of Songhay. Through readings, lectures, discussions and videos, students will be introduced to the major themes and patterns that characterize the various African settlements, states, and empires of antiquity to the close of the seventeenth century. The course explores the wide range of social and cultural as well as technological and economic change in Africa, and interweaves African agricultural, social, political, cultural, technological, and economic history in relation to developments in the rest of the world, in addition to analyzing factors that influenced daily life such as the lens of ecology, food production, disease, social organization and relationships, culture and spiritual practice. -
Mário De Andrade E O Tambor De Crioula Do Maranhão1
MÁRIO DE ANDRADE E O TAMBOR DE CRIOULA DO MARANHÃO1 Sergio F. Ferretti* RESUMO: Tambor de Crioula no Maranhão, é uma dança de negros ao som de tambores, sobre a qual, até hoje ainda há poucos trabalhos divulgados. É dança de umbigada semelhante a outras do mesmo gênero no país. No Maranhão possui características específicas e só aqui é conhecido com este nome. Mário de Andrade, diretor do Departamento Municipal de Cultura, organizou em 1937/38, atra- vés da Biblioteca Pública Municipal de São Paulo, uma Missão de Pesquisas Folclóricas ao Norte e Nordeste do Brasil que docu- mentou, entre diversas manifestações culturais, o tambor de cri- oula e o tambor de mina em São Luís, cujo relatório foi publicado por Oneyda Alvarenga em 1948. Comentamos aqui o trabalho da Missão de Pesquisas Folclóricas (MPF) sobre o tambor de criou- la, analisando a importância e a situação atual desta manifestação de cultura popular. Apresentamos caracterização geral da dança comparando-a com o tambor de mina, com a qual até hoje tem sido confundia. Talvez esta confusão, se deva em parte, a ambas terem sido classificadas por Mário de Andrade, como música de feitiçaria. Palavras-chave: Missão Folclórica. Mário de Andrade. Tambor de Crioula e Tambor de Mina. 1 INTRODUÇÃO Tambor de Crioula no Maranhão, é uma dança de negros ao som de tambo- res, sobre a qual há poucos trabalhos publicados. É dança de umbigada seme- lhante a outras do mesmo gênero existentes no país. No Maranhão o tambor de crioula possui características específicas e só aqui é conhecido com este nome. -
The Influence of the Kingship Institution on Olojo Festival in Ile-Ife: a Case Study of the Late Ooni Adesoji Aderemi
The Influence of the Kingship Institution on Olojo Festival in Ile-Ife: A Case Study of the Late Ooni Adesoji Aderemi by Akinyemi Yetunde Blessing [email protected] Institute of African Studies, University of Ibadan, Oyo state, Nigeria Abstract In this paper an attempt is made to examine the mythic narratives and ritual performances in olojo festival and to discuss the traditional involvement of the Ooni of Ife during the festivals, making reference to the late Ọợni Adesoji Adėrėmí. This paper also investigates the implication of local, national and international politics on the traditional festival in Ile-Ife. The importance of the study arrives as a result of the significance of the Ile-Ife amidst the Yoruba towns. More so, festivals have cultural significance that makes some unique turning point in the history of most Yoruba society. Ǫlợjợ festival serves as the worship of deities and a bridge between the society and the spiritual world. It is also a day to celebrate the re-enactment of time. Ǫlợjợ festival demands the full participation of the reigning Ọợni of Ife. The result of the field investigation revealed that the myth of Ǫlợjợ festival remains, but several changes have crept into the ritual process and performances during the reign of the late Adesoji Adėrėmí. The changes vary from the ritual time, space, actions and amidst the ritual specialists. It is found out that some factors which influence these changes include religious contestation, ritual modernization, economics and political change not at the neglect of the king’s involvement in the local, national and international politics which has given space for questioning the Yoruba kingship institution. -
Title the Minority Question in Ife Politics, 1946‒2014 Author(S
Title The Minority Question in Ife Politics, 1946‒2014 ADESOJI, Abimbola O.; HASSAN, Taofeek O.; Author(s) AROGUNDADE, Nurudeen O. Citation African Study Monographs (2017), 38(3): 147-171 Issue Date 2017-09 URL https://doi.org/10.14989/227071 Right Type Journal Article Textversion publisher Kyoto University African Study Monographs, 38 (3): 147–171, September 2017 147 THE MINORITY QUESTION IN IFE POLITICS, 1946–2014 Abimbola O. ADESOJI, Taofeek O. HASSAN, Nurudeen O. AROGUNDADE Department of History, Obafemi Awolowo University ABSTRACT The minority problem has been a major issue of interest at both the micro and national levels. Aside from the acclaimed Yoruba homogeneity and the notion of Ile-Ife as the cradle of Yoruba civilization, relationships between Ife indigenes and other communities in Ife Division (now in Osun State, Nigeria) have generated issues due to, and influenced by, politi- cal representation. Where allegations of marginalization have not been leveled, accommoda- tion has been based on extraneous considerations, similar to the ways in which outright exclu- sion and/or extermination have been put forward. Not only have suspicion, feelings of outright rejection, and subtle antagonism characterized majority–minority relations in Ife Division/ Administrative Zone, they have also produced political-cum-administrative and territorial ad- justments. As a microcosm of the Nigerian state, whose major challenge since attaining politi- cal independence has been the harmonization of interests among the various ethnic groups in the country, the Ife situation presents a peculiar example of the myths and realities of majority domination and minority resistance/response, or even a supposed minority attempt at domina- tion. -
Festas De Encantarias
FESTAS DE ENCANTARIAS AS RELIGIÕES AFRO-DIASPÓRICAS E AFRO-AMAZÔNICAS, UM OLHAR FRATRIMONIAL EM MUSEOLOGIA por Diogo Jorge de Melo Aluno do Curso de Doutorado em Museologia e Patrimônio Linha 02 – Museologia e Patrimônio Tese de Doutorado apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Museologia e Patrimônio. Orientador: Professora Doutora Priscila Faulhaber Barbosa UNIRIO/MAST - RJ, Fevereiro de 2020 Catalogação informatizada pelo(a) autor(a) Jorge de Melo, Diogo J528 FESTAS DE ENCANTARIAS: AS RELIGIÕES AFRO- DIASPÓRICAS E AFRO-AMAZÔNICAS, UM OLHAR FRATRIMONIAL EM MUSEOLOGIA / Diogo Jorge de Melo. -- Rio de Janeiro, 2020. 269 Orientadora: Priscila Faulhaber Barbosa. Tese (Doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Museologia e Patrimônio, 2020. 1. Museu. 2. Museologia. 3. Patrimônio. 4. Religiões Afro-diaspóricas. 5. Religiões Afro- amazônicas. I. Faulhaber Barbosa, Priscila, orient. II. Título. iv Dedico a toda a diversidade cultural e espiritual afro-diaspórico presente no Brasil, que constituíram um complexo religioso que muito me encanta e que de muitas formas possibilitaram a existência deste trabalho. v Estou vivendo como um mero mortal profissional Percebendo que às vezes não dá pra ser didático Tendo que quebrar o tabu e os costumes frágeis das crenças limitantes Mesmo pisando firme em chão de giz De dentro pra fora da escola é fácil aderir a uma ética e uma ótica Presa em uma enciclopédia de ilusões bem selecionadas E contadas só por quem vence Pois acredito que até o próprio Cristo -
The House of Oduduwa: an Archaeological Study of Economy and Kingship in the Savè Hills of West Africa
The House of Oduduwa: An Archaeological Study of Economy and Kingship in the Savè Hills of West Africa by Andrew W. Gurstelle A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Anthropology) in the University of Michigan 2015 Doctoral Committee: Professor Carla M. Sinopoli, Chair Professor Joyce Marcus Professor Raymond A. Silverman Professor Henry T. Wright © Andrew W. Gurstelle 2015 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I must first and foremost acknowledge the people of the Savè hills that contributed their time, knowledge, and energies. Completing this dissertation would not have been possible without their support. In particular, I wish to thank Ọba Adétùtú Onishabe, Oyedekpo II Ọla- Amùṣù, and the many balè,̣ balé, and balọdè ̣that welcomed us to their communities and facilitated our research. I also thank the many land owners that allowed us access to archaeological sites, and the farmers, herders, hunters, fishers, traders, and historians that spoke with us and answered our questions about the Savè hills landscape and the past. This dissertion was truly an effort of the entire community. It is difficult to express the depth of my gratitude for my Béninese collaborators. Simon Agani was with me every step of the way. His passion for Shabe history inspired me, and I am happy to have provided the research support for him to finish his research. Nestor Labiyi provided support during crucial periods of excavation. As with Simon, I am very happy that our research interests complemented and reinforced one another’s. Working with Travis Williams provided a fresh perspective on field methods and strategies when it was needed most. -
Title the Minority Question in Ife Politics, 1946‒2014 Author
Title The Minority Question in Ife Politics, 1946‒2014 ADESOJI, Abimbola O.; HASSAN, Taofeek O.; Author(s) AROGUNDADE, Nurudeen O. Citation African Study Monographs (2017), 38(3): 147-171 Issue Date 2017-09 URL https://doi.org/10.14989/227071 Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University African Study Monographs, 38 (3): 147–171, September 2017 147 THE MINORITY QUESTION IN IFE POLITICS, 1946–2014 Abimbola O. ADESOJI, Taofeek O. HASSAN, Nurudeen O. AROGUNDADE Department of History, Obafemi Awolowo University ABSTRACT The minority problem has been a major issue of interest at both the micro and national levels. Aside from the acclaimed Yoruba homogeneity and the notion of Ile-Ife as the cradle of Yoruba civilization, relationships between Ife indigenes and other communities in Ife Division (now in Osun State, Nigeria) have generated issues due to, and influenced by, politi- cal representation. Where allegations of marginalization have not been leveled, accommoda- tion has been based on extraneous considerations, similar to the ways in which outright exclu- sion and/or extermination have been put forward. Not only have suspicion, feelings of outright rejection, and subtle antagonism characterized majority–minority relations in Ife Division/ Administrative Zone, they have also produced political-cum-administrative and territorial ad- justments. As a microcosm of the Nigerian state, whose major challenge since attaining politi- cal independence has been the harmonization of interests among the various ethnic groups in the country, the Ife situation presents a peculiar example of the myths and realities of majority domination and minority resistance/response, or even a supposed minority attempt at domina- tion.