DOCSLIB.ORG

Mirage 2000D Its Fighter Forces

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Mirage 2000D Its Fighter Forces Returning to the delta wing, albeit with fly-by-wire controls which eliminate many of the disadvantages associated with the configuration, Dassault has produced a worthy successor to its earlier Mirage families. Assured of a solid home market, the Mirage 2000 has also achieved significant exports in an era of falling fighter sales. uccini's 'Minii', the consumptive heroine Above: New life has been breathed into the Below: Representing Dassault's heavy/light of his opera La Bohème, had a short and Mirage 2000 by the second-generation Dash 5 fighter family, the sole Mirage 4000 poses with family, which introduces a new radar, completely the second prototype Mirage 2000. The 2000 now Punfulfilled life. Dassault's 'Mimi' ('Mini revised cockpit and the MICA missile, available undertakes all of the missions originally Mirage'), admittedly less melodious, is today the in both IR and active radar (illustrated) versions. envisaged for the larger aircraft. matriarch of a large and diverse family; its descendants are instantly recognisable as the Mirage 2000 in its various guises. However, slightly different circumstances could have consigned this aeronautical namesake to equally premature oblivion. It is as much a measure of the rapid evolution of avionics as of the Dassault company's exper- tise that the sophisticated and immensely complex warplane that is the Mirage 2000-5 was developed as a cheap alternative to a design which would have had a fraction of its potential - albeit nearly two decades earlier. The story of the Mirage 2000 is woven from many threads, one of which, perversely, originates at exactly the juncture at which the United Kingdom's TSR.2 strike aircraft met an abrupt, political ly- The crux of that muddle was that while the the fixed-geometry, Mach 3 Mirage G8A inspired end. RAF and Royal Navy wanted strike/attack strike/interdictor, which the AA nominated as In May 1965, one month after the cancella- capability, the Armée de l'Air (AA) then said it its Avion de Combat Futur (ACF) and planned tion edict, another UK government statement was looking for an interceptor, and there to fit with a pair of the new SNECMA M53 revealed the launch of a venture known as seemed no way of combining the requirements engines, then on the drawing board. AFVG: Anglo-French Variable Geometry. This in one airframe with recourse to the technolo- Procurement of 200-250 examples, redesignated interceptor and strike/attack aircraft overlapped gies available at the time. In June 1967 France Mirage F8, was envisaged, yet, before the the General Dynamics F-lllKs to which the withdrew from AFVG, releasing a joyful prototype could be completed, the dispropor- RAF committed as a TSR.2 replacement and - Dassault to proceed unencumbered with its tionate cost of the programme proved its fatally, as it transpired - posed a threat to the Mirage G (which had been rolled out the downfall: the same expenditure could have variable-geometry Mirage G which Dassault month before) and the UK, eventually, to fall in secured 500-625 Mirage Fis. was developing. As in all the best French farces, with West Germany and Italy on the aircraft Chaired by Prime Minister Valéry Giscard the British Aircraft Corporation and that became the Panavia Tornado. d'Estaiiig, a National Defence Council meeting Groupement Avions Marcel Dassault suddenly Looking like an enlarged, swing-wing of 18 December 1975 took the not-unexpected found themselves sharing the same bed as the Mirage Fl, the Mirage G was further developed step of terminating the ACF when the prototype unwitting victims of a misunderstanding. as the twin-engined G8, and from there into was almost complete. In many countries, that 97 Smce entering service in 1984 the Mirage 2000C has slowly assumed the French air defence mantle from the Mirage F1C, and has now replaced the older type in all fighter squadrons apart from one in Djibouti. It is likely that more than the currently funded 37 aircraft will be upgraded to 2000-5F standard. dynamic Marcel Dassault spoke scathingly of the F-16's performance - particularly in claiming that its fixed air intakes restricted oper- ational speed to Mach 1.7 - but had to concede that its fly-by-wire (FEW) design was a generation ahead of the Fl. In the Mirage 2000, France planned to embrace the new technology of what was then called the combat-configured vehicle (CCV) or relaxed-stability design. Target operational speed for the Mirage 2000 was Mach 2.5, somewhat higher than actually achieved. Today, 'clean' speed is claimed to be Mach 2.2 for the Mirage and 2.0+ for the F-16C. Dassault made no secret of the fact that the would have prompted a call of 'back to the a decade earlier) with some ground attack Mirage 2000 was intended to better the F-16 in drawing board', but the designated replacement potential. A deciding factor in this volte face was all aspects except range, this deficiency being a had been taking shape in the Dassault design undoubtedly the promise of 200 Delta Mirage consequence of superior US engine technology. offices for several years and was ready for 2000s at a total price of Frl5,000 million, It may seem curious that, in order to achieve its immediate adoption. compared with Frl8,000 million for a cut-down aim, the company resorted to an old configuration fleet of 100 ACFs. which it had seen fit to discard for the Simple fighter While it was possible for the single-engined second (Fl) generation of Mirages. However, Despite working on ever more complex Mirage 2000 to adopt the M53 engine from its that would be to underestimate the advantages versions of Mirage, Dassault had shown fore- stillborn predecessor, a suitable intercept- of FEW control which enables a delta configu- sight in keeping alive the concept of a simpler optimised radar presented more of a problem. ration to accentuate the positive while going fighter. Patriotic fervour may have been the Thomson-CSF, the natural source, had no some way towards eliminating the negative driving force, but a cynical observer might development programme under way in late features inherent in this shape. point to the ACF's virtually non-existent export 1975 and estimated that eight years would be potential. During the early 1970s, several needed to have an advanced pulse-Doppler A different delta concepts of a 'Mimi' - Mini Mirage - had been system ready for service. Dassault was more In some (admittedly mainly British) accounts, examined under the direction of Jean-Jacques sanguine regarding its own capabilities, predicting it was the potential of the record-breaking Samin and a team of engineers led by Jean-Paul that a prototype Mirage 2000 could be Fairey FD2 which persuaded Dassault to abandon Emoré and including François Dessirier, flying within 18 months and be in service by the stubby Mystère Delta (or Mirage I) in Christian Decaix and Jean-Maurice Roubertie. 1982. These dates were to slip, and although it favour of the larger, single-engined, area-ruled As the aircraft looked like the first-generation was 27 months before No. 01 took to the air, Mirage III. With the prevailing technology, the Mirage, it was alternatively known as Super this still remarkably short time indicated how delta had much to commend it at a time when Mirage III and later gained the alternative much work had been undertaken on the the driving forces behind fighter design were epithets of Delta 1000 and 2000. venture while the F8 was still supposedly the ever-increasing speed and ceiling. Benefits By December 1975, Super Mirage 2000 was priority programme. include high internal volume, low wave drag the generally accepted name for the aircraft The impetus behind the Mirage 2000 was and a simplicity of construction, reflected in which the Defence Council immediately nomi- clearly apparent from the viewpoint of nated as the ACF's successor. This appeared a December 1975. Six months earlier, four Having been deployed to Saudi Arabia for the curious move, as the F8 was optimised for NATO nations had rejected Dassault's offer of 1991 Gulf war, Mirage 2000Cs remained on penetration missions with an Aérospatiale an M53-engined Mirage Fl in favour of the station in the country as part of Operation Alysse (then) General Dynamics F-16 and rubbed salt (Southern Watch), suspended in December 1998 ASMP stand-off nuclear weapon and had after the US/UK Desert Fox air raids. This EC 3/2 secondary interception roles, whereas the 2000 into the wound by making their announcement aircraft ('4', seen over Iraq) was the first to be was seen as an interceptor (what the AA wanted during the Paris air show. The ageing but still delivered to the Armée de l'Air. Throughout the fighter world the Mirage 2000 is renowned for its excellent handling, making aerobatics a joy to those pilots lucky enough to fly the 'Mimi'. Low-speed manoeuvrability is on a par with the F-16 and MiG-29. reduced costs. In part, this is because a tailless delta has fewer control surfaces than the more conventionally shaped aircraft and does not need the additional structural strength required to carry a horizontal tail. Furthermore - though few bothered about it at the time - the delta exhibits lower radar reflectivity at many angles. In short, it can fly fast in a straight line and carry a reasonable volume of internal fuel. On the opposite side of the balance sheet, a low aspect ratio reduces the sustained turning rate, while having the aircraft's centre of gravity ahead of its aerodynamic centre means that the rear-mounted élevons have to work hard to produce any effect.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • MIRAGE 2OOO Around the World
    F RANCE C ONSEIL 2 ● 2003 MIRAGE 2OOO ENGAGE! around theworld DASSAULT AVIATIONDASSAULT SNECMAMOTEURS THALES ◆ ◆ Squadron chat ENGAGE! 2 ● 2003 25 years ago HAF MIRAGE 2000 EG 210, Traditions Twenty five years ago, on March 10th, a phoenix back into the air Dassault Aviation 1978, the Mirage 2000-01 took to the In 1997, HAF Mirage 2000 EG 210 maintains the tradition air for its maiden flight, flown by overran the runway at Skiros Air Base of granting distinctions Dassault Aviation Test Pilot Jean Coureau. and ditched into the sea. The Hellenic to pilots who The Mirage 2000 was subsequently Air Force (HAF), Hellenic Aerospace have logged introduced to service into the French Industry (HAI) and Dassault Aviation 1,000, 2,000 Summary Air Force in 1984, and then into many have successfully rebuilt it. It is now and 3,000 Editorial other Air Forces (India, Egypt, Peru, flying again and is back to service into flight UAE, Greece, Taiwan and Qatar). Over hours on the the HAF. “Vendée” MIRAGE 2000s 500 Mirage 2000 are in operation Mirage 2000. The first issue of this publication was only throughout the world, and have logged Dedicated patches, 2 in the Hellenic sky over 1 000 000 flight hours. diplomas and trophies are a four-pages newsletter devoted to the awarded during a formal Flight safety corner salvaging of HAF Mirage 2000 EG 210, but ceremony to these pilots at the 5 request of the Staff of their Air Forces. it met with unexpected success from Contact: D. Coulier (Dassault Aviation RDY2: multi role, Mirage 2000 users.
    [Show full text]
  • Document De Base
    Soci´et´e anonyme Au capital de 270 092 310 euros Si`ege social : 2, boulevard du G´en´eral Martial Valin 75015 Paris 562 111 997 R.C.S. Paris DOCUMENT DE BASE En application du R`eglement nÕ 98-01 de la COB, l’Autorit´e des march´es financiers a enregistr´e le pr´esent document de base le 4 mai 2004 sous le nÕ I.04-072. Il ne peut etreˆ utilis´e a` l’appui d’une op´eration financi`ere que s’il est compl´et´e par une note d’op´eration vis´ee par l’Autorit´e des march´es financiers. Ce document de base a et´´ e etabli´ par l’´emetteur et engage la responsabilit´e de ses signataires. Cet enregistrement, effectu´e apr`es examen de la pertinence et de la coh´erence de l’information donn´ee sur la situation de la soci´et´e, n’implique pas l’authentification des el´´ ements comptables et financiers pr´esent´es. Des exemplaires du pr´esent document de base sont disponibles sans frais aupr`es de Snecma, 2, boulevard du G´en´eral Martial Valin, 75015 Paris et sur son site Internet http://www.snecma.com, ainsi que sur le site Internet de l’Autorit´e des march´es financiers (http://www.amf-france.org). SOMMAIRE Page CHAPITRE 1 RESPONSABLE DU DOCUMENT DE BASE ET RESPONSABLES DU CONTROLE DES COMPTES*********************************************************** 8 1.1 RESPONSABLE DU DOCUMENT DE BASE **************************************** 8 1.2 ATTESTATION DU RESPONSABLE DU DOCUMENT DE BASE *********************** 8 1.3 RESPONSABLES DU CONTROLE DES COMPTES*********************************** 8 1.3.1 Commissaires aux comptes titulaires *********************************************
    [Show full text]
  • The Looming Taiwan Fighter Gap
    This Page Intentionally Left Blank The Looming Taiwan Fighter Gap US-Taiwan Business Council October 1, 2012 This report was published in October 2012 by the US-Taiwan Business Council. The Council is a non-profit, member-based organization dedicated to developing the trade and business relationship between the United States and Taiwan. Members consist of public and private companies with business interests in Taiwan. This report serves as one way for the Council to offer analysis and information in support of our members’ business activities in the Taiwan market. The publication of this report is part of the overall activities and programs of the Council, as endorsed by its Board of Directors. However, the views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of individual members of the Board of Directors or Executive Committee. 2012 US-Taiwan Business Council The US-Taiwan Business Council has the sole and exclusive rights to the copyrighted material contained in this report. Use of any material contained in this report for any purpose that is not expressly authorized by the US-Taiwan Business Council, or duplicating any or part of the material for any purpose whatsoever, without the prior written consent of the US-Taiwan Business Council, is strictly prohibited and unlawful. 1700 North Moore Street, Suite 1703 Arlington, Virginia 22209 Phone: (703) 465-2930 Fax: (703) 465-2937 [email protected] www.us-taiwan.org Edited by Lotta Danielsson Printed in the United States The Looming Taiwan Fighter Gap TABLE OF CONTENTS
    [Show full text]
  • Worldwide Equipment Guide Volume 2: Air and Air Defense Systems
    Dec Worldwide Equipment Guide 2016 Worldwide Equipment Guide Volume 2: Air and Air Defense Systems TRADOC G-2 ACE–Threats Integration Ft. Leavenworth, KS Distribution Statement: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 1 UNCLASSIFIED Worldwide Equipment Guide Opposing Force: Worldwide Equipment Guide Chapters Volume 2 Volume 2 Air and Air Defense Systems Volume 2 Signature Letter Volume 2 TOC and Introduction Volume 2 Tier Tables – Fixed Wing, Rotary Wing, UAVs, Air Defense Chapter 1 Fixed Wing Aviation Chapter 2 Rotary Wing Aviation Chapter 3 UAVs Chapter 4 Aviation Countermeasures, Upgrades, Emerging Technology Chapter 5 Unconventional and SPF Arial Systems Chapter 6 Theatre Missiles Chapter 7 Air Defense Systems 2 UNCLASSIFIED Worldwide Equipment Guide Units of Measure The following example symbols and abbreviations are used in this guide. Unit of Measure Parameter (°) degrees (of slope/gradient, elevation, traverse, etc.) GHz gigahertz—frequency (GHz = 1 billion hertz) hp horsepower (kWx1.341 = hp) Hz hertz—unit of frequency kg kilogram(s) (2.2 lb.) kg/cm2 kg per square centimeter—pressure km kilometer(s) km/h km per hour kt knot—speed. 1 kt = 1 nautical mile (nm) per hr. kW kilowatt(s) (1 kW = 1,000 watts) liters liters—liquid measurement (1 gal. = 3.785 liters) m meter(s)—if over 1 meter use meters; if under use mm m3 cubic meter(s) m3/hr cubic meters per hour—earth moving capacity m/hr meters per hour—operating speed (earth moving) MHz megahertz—frequency (MHz = 1 million hertz) mach mach + (factor) —aircraft velocity (average 1062 km/h) mil milliradian, radial measure (360° = 6400 mils, 6000 Russian) min minute(s) mm millimeter(s) m/s meters per second—velocity mt metric ton(s) (mt = 1,000 kg) nm nautical mile = 6076 ft (1.152 miles or 1.86 km) rd/min rounds per minute—rate of fire RHAe rolled homogeneous armor (equivalent) shp shaft horsepower—helicopter engines (kWx1.341 = shp) µm micron/micrometer—wavelength for lasers, etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Air-To-Air Missiles
    AAMs Link Page AIR-TO-AIR MISSILES British AAMs Chinese AAMs French AAMs Israeli AAMs Italian AAMs Russian AAMs South African AAMs US AAMs file:///E/My%20Webs/aams/aams_2.htm[5/24/2021 5:42:58 PM] British Air-to-Air Missiles Firestreak Notes: Firestreak was an early British heat-seeking missile, roughly analogous to the Sidewinder (though much larger). The testing program started in 1954, and the missile was so successful that for the first 100 launches, the engineers learned practically nothing about any potential weaknesses of the Firestreak. (Later testing revealed an accuracy rating of about 85% when fired within the proper parameters, still a remarkable total.) The Firestreak had been largely replaced by later missiles by 2003, though the few countries still using the Lightning (mostly Saudi Arabia and Kuwait) still had some Firestreaks on hand. Weapon Weight Accuracy Guidance Sensing Price Firestreak 137 kg Average IR Rear Aspect $7400 Weapon Speed Min Rng Max Rng Damage Pen Type Firestreak 5095 1065 8000 C47 B100 26C FRAG-HE Red Top Notes: The Red Top began as an upgrade to the Firestreak (and was originally called the Firestreak Mk IV). The Red Top was to overcome the narrow angle of acquisition of the Firestreak, as well as to rarrange the components of the Firestreak in a more logical and efficient pattern. Increases in technology allowed a better seeker head and the change in design as well as explosives technology allowed a more lethal warhead. However, by 2003, the Red Top has the same status as the Firestreak; largely in storage except for those countries still using the Lightning.
    [Show full text]
  • Fighter Aircraft
    MODERN FIGHTER AIRCRAFT TECHNOLOGY AND TACTICS As part of our ongoing market research, we are always pleased to receive comments about our books, suggestions for new titles, or requests for catalogues. Please write to: The Editorial Director, Patrick Stephens Limited, Sparkford, Near Yeovil, Somerset, BA22 7JJ. MODERN FIGHTER AIRCRAFT TECHNOLOGY AND TACTICS Into combat with today's fighter pilots Anthony Thornborough Patrick Stephens Limited © Anthony M. Thornborough 1995 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from Patrick Stephens Limited. First published in 1995 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data: A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 1 85260 426 3 Library of Congress catalog card No. 95-78112 Patrick Stephens Limited is an imprint of Haynes Publishing, Sparkford, Nr Yeovil, Somerset BA22 7JJ Typeset by J. H. Haynes & Co. Ltd. Printed in Great Britain by Butler & Tanner Ltd, Frame and London CONTENTS Introduction 7 Chapter 1 Modern Technology & Tactics: An Overview 9 Chapter 2 Launch 29 Chapter 3 Air Superiority 53 Chapter 4 Target Ingress 101 Chapter 5 Recovery 169 Chapter 6 Future Technologies 179 Glossary 195 Index 201 INTRODUCTION esigning, building, maintaining and flying lost in the quagmire of technical and professional Dmodern fighters has become an incredibly terminology. Much of this book, therefore, is written complex and expensive business, and one which is in layman's terms for fellow enthusiasts or those becoming increasingly mind-boggling in its breadth.
    [Show full text]
  • Modernization of the Czech Air Force
    Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 2001-06 Modernization of the Czech Air Force. Vlcek, Vaclav. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10888 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS MODERNIZATION OF THE CZECH AIR FORCE by Vaclav Vlcek June 2001 Thesis Advisor: Raymond Franck Associate Advisor: Gregory Hildebrandt Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. 20010807 033 REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMBNo. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED June 2001 Master's Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE : MODERNIZATION OF THE CZECH AIR FORCE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS 6. AUTHOR(S) Vaclav VIcek 8. PERFORMING 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) ORGANIZATION REPORT Naval Postgraduate School NUMBER Monterey, CA 93943-5000 9. SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING / MONITORING N/A AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The views expressed in this thesis are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • 94•GT-475 Or Printed in Its Publications
    THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS 345 E. 47th St., New York, N.Y. 10017 The Society shall not be responsible for statements or opinions advanced In papers or discussion at meetings of the Society or of its Divisions or Sections, 94•GT-475 or printed in its publications. Discussion is printed only if the paper is pub- lished in an ASME Journal, Papers are available from ASME for 15 months after the meeting. Printed in U.S.A. Copyright © 1994 by ASME Downloaded from http://asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/GT/proceedings-pdf/GT1994/78873/V005T12A012/2405346/v005t12a012-94-gt-475.pdf by guest on 26 September 2021 CURRENT AND FUTURE MATERIALS IN ADVANCED GAS TURBINE ENGINES G. A. Kool Materials Department National Aerospace Laboratory NLR Amsterdam, The Netherlands 11111111111111111111111 ) ABSTRACT as during development of new, untried aero engine materials. Gas turbine engines are constructed of components with From the operator's point of view, safety and cost are two major excellent strength and stiffness, a minimum density, a high concerns in engine operation. These two points will be discussed temperature capability for long times, and at affordable cost. in more detail. Material behaviour under service conditions and Metallic materials are the centrepiece in fulfilling these material costs must be considered extensively where conventional requirements. Future gas turbine engines will have to have higher materials are replaced and new materials are implemented. thrust-to-weight ratios, better fuel efficiencies and still lower costs. This will require new and advanced lightweight materials Safety with higher temperature capabilities. Engine problems account for only a small share of air transport This paper discusses some of the presently applied materials in accidents [I], namely 12 % between 1959 and 1989 (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Egyptian Arms Procurement in the Post-1973 War Era; a Case Study in the Dynamics of the Arms Diversification Process
    WTOlEYWWXUfiWW NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS EGYPTIAN ARMS PROCUREMENT IN THE POST-1973 WAR ERA; A CASE STUDY IN THE DYNAMICS OF THE ARMS DIVERSIFICATION PROCESS by William George Sykes March 1977 Thesis Adviser: E. J. Laurance Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. 7 /7SOOB w> SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (When Data Knfred) READ INSTRUCTIONS REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE BEFORE COMPLETING FORM i UMrt number 2. GOVT ACCESSION NO. ) RECIPIENT'S CATALOG NUMBER 4. TITLE (end Subtitle) 5. TYPE OF REPORT a PERIOD COVERED Egyptian Arms Procurement in the Post-1973 War Master's Thesis; Era; a Case Study in the Dynamics of the Arms March 1977 Diversification Process • - PERFORMING ORG. REPORT NUMBER 7. authors; • • CONTRACT OR GRANT NL-MBERfa.) William George Sykes ' 1. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME ANO ADDRESS 10. PROGRAM ELEMENT. PROJECT. TASK AREA * WORK UNIT NUMBERS Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, California 93940 1 1. CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME ANO AOORESS 12. REPORT DATE Naval Postgraduate School March 1977 Monterey, California 93940 IS. NUMBER OF PAGES 92 U MONITORING AGENCY NAME A A D « ESi(tl dl tterent from Controlling Olllea) 18. SECURITY CLASS, (ol Ihle rdport) Naval Postgraduate School Unclassified Monterey, California 93940 ISa. DECLASSIFICATION. DOWNGRADING SCHEDULE 16. DISTRIBUTION ST AT EMEN T (ol thli Report < Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. 17. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (ol the aeatract enteral In Block 30. It dltftrent tram Report) 18. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES IS. KEY WORDS (Canttmte on taeatea tide It naeaaaarr «»* identity oy Hock number) II identity «/#«* m—»ar) 20. ABSTRACT , Continue an revere* tide necaeamty «Mf by This thesis explores the post-1973 Middle East War arms procurement policy of Egypt.
    [Show full text]
  • Ministry of Defence Acronyms and Abbreviations
    Acronym Long Title 1ACC No. 1 Air Control Centre 1SL First Sea Lord 200D Second OOD 200W Second 00W 2C Second Customer 2C (CL) Second Customer (Core Leadership) 2C (PM) Second Customer (Pivotal Management) 2CMG Customer 2 Management Group 2IC Second in Command 2Lt Second Lieutenant 2nd PUS Second Permanent Under Secretary of State 2SL Second Sea Lord 2SL/CNH Second Sea Lord Commander in Chief Naval Home Command 3GL Third Generation Language 3IC Third in Command 3PL Third Party Logistics 3PN Third Party Nationals 4C Co‐operation Co‐ordination Communication Control 4GL Fourth Generation Language A&A Alteration & Addition A&A Approval and Authorisation A&AEW Avionics And Air Electronic Warfare A&E Assurance and Evaluations A&ER Ammunition and Explosives Regulations A&F Assessment and Feedback A&RP Activity & Resource Planning A&SD Arms and Service Director A/AS Advanced/Advanced Supplementary A/D conv Analogue/ Digital Conversion A/G Air‐to‐Ground A/G/A Air Ground Air A/R As Required A/S Anti‐Submarine A/S or AS Anti Submarine A/WST Avionic/Weapons, Systems Trainer A3*G Acquisition 3‐Star Group A3I Accelerated Architecture Acquisition Initiative A3P Advanced Avionics Architectures and Packaging AA Acceptance Authority AA Active Adjunct AA Administering Authority AA Administrative Assistant AA Air Adviser AA Air Attache AA Air‐to‐Air AA Alternative Assumption AA Anti‐Aircraft AA Application Administrator AA Area Administrator AA Australian Army AAA Anti‐Aircraft Artillery AAA Automatic Anti‐Aircraft AAAD Airborne Anti‐Armour Defence Acronym
    [Show full text]
  • Safran Document De Référence 2014
    SAFRAN DOCUMENT DE RÉFÉRENCE 2014 SAFR_RA_2014_FR_CouvDocRef.indd 1 13/03/2015 13:09 SOMMAIRE Profil du Groupe 1 5.3 Développer le potentiel humain 208 5.4 Viser l’excellence en santé, sécurité et environnement 220 | 5.5 Impliquer nos fournisseurs et partenaires 228 1 PRÉSENTATION GÉNÉRALE DU GROUPE 8 5.6 S’investir via les fondations et le mécénat 229 1.1 Présentation de Safran 10 5.7 Méthodologie du suivi des indicateurs RSE 1.2 La stratégie du Groupe 14 et avis des commissaires aux comptes 230 1.3 Les activités 15 1.4 Position concurrentielle 32 | 1.5 Recherche et développement 32 6 GOUVERNEMENT D’ENTREPRISE 236 1.6 Investissements industriels 37 6.1 Organes d’administration et de direction 238 1.7 Actifs immobiliers 39 6.2 Rémunérations des mandataires sociaux 266 1.8 La politique achats du Groupe 40 6.3 Opérations des mandataires sociaux et autres 1.9 La politique et la performance qualité Groupe 41 responsables sur les titres de la société 274 1.10 La démarche Safran+ 42 6.4 Honoraires versés aux commissaires aux comptes 276 6.5 Rapport du président du conseil | d’administration 278 2 ACTIVITÉS DU GROUPE EN 2014 6.6 Rapport des commissaires aux comptes ET PERSPECTIVES 2015 44 sur le rapport du président du conseil 2.1 Commentaires sur la performance 2014 d’administration 295 en données ajustées 46 2.2 Commentaires sur les comptes consolidés du Groupe 65 | 7 INFORMATIONS SUR LA SOCIÉTÉ, 2.3 Commentaires sur les comptes sociaux 69 LE CAPITAL ET L’ACTIONNARIAT 296 2.4 Perspectives 2015 71 7.1 Renseignements généraux et statuts 298
    [Show full text]
  • Modern Combat Aircraft (1945 – 2010)
    I MODERN COMBAT AIRCRAFT (1945 – 2010) Modern Combat Aircraft (1945-2010) is a brief overview of the most famous military aircraft developed by the end of World War II until now. Fixed-wing airplanes and helicopters are presented by the role fulfilled, by the nation of origin (manufacturer), and year of first flight. For each aircraft is available a photo, a brief introduction, and information about its development, design and operational life. The work is made using English Wikipedia, but also other Web sites. FIGHTER-MULTIROLE UNITED STATES UNITED STATES No. Aircraft 1° fly Pg. No. Aircraft 1° fly Pg. Lockheed General Dynamics 001 1944 3 011 1964 27 P-80 Shooting Star F-111 Aardvark Republic Grumman 002 1946 5 012 1970 29 F-84 Thunderjet F-14 Tomcat North American Northrop 003 1947 7 013 1972 33 F-86 Sabre F-5E/F Tiger II North American McDonnell Douglas 004 1953 9 014 1972 35 F-100 Super Sabre F-15 Eagle Convair General Dynamics 005 1953 11 015 1974 39 F-102 Delta Dagger F-16 Fighting Falcon Lockheed McDonnell Douglas 006 1954 13 016 1978 43 F-104 Starfighter F/A-18 Hornet Republic Boeing 007 1955 17 017 1995 45 F-105 Thunderchief F/A-18E/F Super Hornet Vought Lockheed Martin 008 1955 19 018 1997 47 F-8 Crusader F-22 Raptor Convair Lockheed Martin 009 1956 21 019 2006 51 F-106 Delta Dart F-35 Lightning II McDonnell Douglas 010 1958 23 F-4 Phantom II SOVIET UNION SOVIET UNION No.
    [Show full text]