DOCSLIB.ORG

COSTA, PATRICIA KURTZ DA.Pdf (5.132Mb)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA MARIA CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS NATURAIS E EXATAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM AGROBIOLOGIA ASPECTOS DA ONTOGENIA, GINOSPOROGÊNESE E GINOGAMETOGÊNESE EM Dasyphyllum brasiliense (Spreng.) Cabrera E Schlechtendalia luzulaefolia Less. (BARNADESIOIDEAE-ASTERACEAE) DISSERTAÇÃO DE MESTRADO Patrícia Kurtz da Costa Santa Maria, RS, Brasil 2014 ASPECTOS DA ONTOGENIA GINOSPOROGÊNESE E GINOGAMETOGÊNESE EM Dasyphyllum brasiliense (Spreng.) Cabrera E Schlechtendalia luzulaefolia Less. (BARNADESIOIDEAE-ASTERACEAE) Patrícia Kurtz da Costa Dissertação apresentada ao Curso de Mestrado do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agrobiologia, da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM/RS), como requisito parcial para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Agrobiologia Orientador: Prof. Dr. João Marcelo Santos de Oliveira Santa Maria, RS, Brasil 2014 Ficha catalográfica elaborada através do Programa de Geração Automática da Biblioteca Central da UFSM, com os dados fornecidos pelo(a) autor(a). Kurtz da Costa, Patrícia ASPECTOS DA ONTOGENIA, GINOSPOROGÊNESE E GINOGAMETOGÊNSE EM Schlechtendalia luzulaefolia Less. e Dasyphyllum brasiliense (Spreng.) Cabreira (BARNADESIOIDEAE - ASTERACEAE) / Patrícia Kurtz da Costa.- 2014. 124 p.; 30cm Orientador: João Marcelo Santos de Oliveira Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agrobiologia, RS, 2014 1. Barnadesioideae 2. Ginosporogênese 3. Ginogametogênese 4. Rudimento Seminal 5. Desenvolvimento I. Santos de Oliveira, João Marcelo II. Título. 1 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA MARIA CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS NATURAIS E EXATAS PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM AGROBIOLOGIA A Comissão Examinadora, abaixo assinada, aprova a Dissertação de Mestrado ASPECTOS DA ONTOGENIA, GINOSPOROGÊNESE E GINOGAMETOGÊNESE EM Dasyphyllum brasiliense (Spreng.) Cabrera E Schlechtendalia luzulaefolia Less. (BARNADESIOIDEAE- ASTERACEAE) elaborada por Patrícia Kurtz da Costa como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Agrobiologia COMISSÃO EXAMINADORA: ___________________________________ João Marcelo Santos de Oliveira, Dr (Presidente/Orientador) ________________________________________ Jorge Ernesto de Araújo Mariath, Dr. (UFRGS) ___________________________________ Daniela Guimaraes Simão, Drª (UFSM) Santa Maria, 14 de março de 2014 Dedico a meus pais, irmãos e a todos os admiradores da embriologia vegetal. AGRADECIMENTOS A minha família pelo apoio, incentivo, por estarem sempre ao meu lado e por compreenderem minha ausência durante estes dois anos. Ao meu orientador Prof. Dr. João Marcelo Santos de Oliveira por se dedicar a minha formação acadêmica, estando sempre disposto a ajudar, bem como pelas horas de estudo dispensadas, as quais foram fundamentais para a realização deste trabalho. A Bruna Palese Thies Lopes pela amizade, ajuda nas coletas e confecção do material botânico, indispensável para a realização deste trabalho. Aos amigos e colegas do Laboratório de Botânica Estrutural César Carvalho de Freitas, Cristiele Spat, Mariane P. Dorneles, Marisa B. Abbad, Merielem Saldanha Martins, Jaqueline S. Sartori e Jordano Tavares pelo apoio, auxílio técnico, discussões acadêmicas, ajuda nas coletas do material botânico e pelo convívio diário. A Prof. Dr. Thais Scotti do Canto-Dorow, pela identificação das espécies e por disponibilizar sua propriedade para as coletas do material botânico de uma das espécies do presente estudo. A Prof. Dr. Solange Tedesco pelo auxílio na identificação das fases da prófase meiótica. Ao Laboratório de Anatomia Vegetal – IB/ UFRGS pelo auxílio na execução de rotinas laboratoriais para microscopia de fluorescência e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. A Marília Kurtz Crema pela ajuda na confecção das tabelas e conferências das referências bibliográficas. As minhas amigas e colegas de mestrado Ana Paula Cassol, Juliana Ferreira, Maria Carolina S. Figueiredo e Rosangela G. Nunes pelo companheirismo e apoio durante as aulas e incentivo e discussões acadêmicas. A CAPES pelo apoio financeiro. A todos aqueles que, de alguma forma, contribuíram para a realização deste trabalho o meu MUITO OBRIGADA. "Deus nos concede, a cada dia, uma página de vida nova no livro do tempo. Aquilo que colocarmos nela, corre por nossa conta." (Chico Xavier) RESUMO Dissertação de Mestrado Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agrobiologia Universidade Federal de Santa Maria ASPECTOS DA ONTOGENIA, GINOSPOROGÊNESE E GINOGAMETOGÊNESE EM Dasyphyllum brasiliense (Spreng.) Cabrera E Schlechtendalia luzulaefolia Less. (BARNADESIOIDEAE-ASTERACEAE) Autora: Patrícia Kurtz da Costa Orientador: Prof. Dr. João Marcelo Santos de Oliveira Data e Local da Defesa: Santa Maria, 14 de março de 2014 Asteraceae despertou interesse de muitos embriologistas devido a grande variabilidade das características embriológicas. Apesar disso, nada é sabido sobre a embriologia nas espécies de Barnadesioideae, sua subfamília basal. Sendo assim este trabalho objetiva descrever os processos de ginosporogênese e ginogametogênese em duas espécies de Barnadesioideae, Sclechtendalia luzulaefolia, considerada basal e irmã das demais pertencentes a família, e Dasyphyllum brasiliense cujo o gênero por vezes também foi considerado basal. Ambas as espécies são nativas do Rio Grande do Sul. S. luzulaefolia foi coletada em São Pedro do Sul, RS, Brasil e D. brasiliense em Santa Maria, RS, Brasil e em São Pedro do Sul, RS, Brasil. A corola é o primeiro verticilo floral a surgir em ambas as espécies, seguida pelo androceu, cálice e gineceu em S. luzulaefolia e pelo cálice, androceu e gineceu em D. brasiliense. O rudimento seminal tenuinucelado incompleto, a presença de tegumento assimétrico e de endotélio de origem dupla (funicular e tegumentar) são resultados inéditos para Asteraceae. O arquespório é usualmente unicelular, mas rudimentos seminais com duas células arquesporiais foram observados. Em Sclechtendalia luzulaefolia dois tipos de tétrade estão presentes, sendo a tétrade linear mais comum do que a tétrade com ginósporos pareados. O tipo de desenvolvimento do ginófito em D. brasiliense pode ser um indício de sua posição derivada para Barnadesioideae, já que possui ginófito bispórico do tipo Allium e em S. luzulaefolia o ginófito é monospórico do tipo Polygonum, integrando-se a estas características a simultaneidade dos ciclos mitóticos e da celularização do ginófito. O ginófito maduro é 4- celular, em ambas as espécies, devido degeneração das antípodas, o que pode configurar um caráter plesiomórfico para a família. As sinérgides estendem-se para o interior do canal micropilar e possuem um aparelho fibrilar de morfologia típica para Asteraceae. Somente em S. luzulaefolia foi observada a presença de parede labiríntica da célula média e espessamento de parede tipo flange em células do endotélio e canal micropilar. Portanto, neste trabalho foi possível identificar características comuns à S. luzulaefolia e D. brasiliense que podem ser considerados basais para Asteraceae e diagnósticas para Barnadesioideae, bem como caracteres embriológicos que corroboram a posição derivada de D. brasiliense nesta subfamília. Palavras-chave: Asteraceae. Barnadesioideae. Desenvolvimento. Ginosporogênese. Ginogametogênese. Rudimento Seminal. ABSTRACT Master Course Dissertation Postgraduate Program in Agrobiologia Federal University of Santa Maria ASPECTS OF ONTOGENY, GINOSPOROGENESIS AND GINOGAMETOGENESIS IN Dasyphyllum brasiliense (Spreng.) Cabrera AND Schlechtendalia luzulaefolia Less. (BARNADESIOIDEAE- ASTERACEAE) Author: Patrícia Kurtz da Costa Adviser: João Marcelo Santos de Oliveira Defense Place and Date: Santa Maria, june 14th, 2014. Asteraceae has attracted many embryologists because of its high variability of the embryological features. Nevertheless, nothing is known about the embryology of the species basal subfamily, Barnadesioideae. Thus, this paper aims to describe the processes of ginosporogenesis and ginogametogenesis in two species of Barnadesioideae, Sclechtendalia luzulaefolia, considered basal and sister to the other species that belong to family and Dasyphyllum brasiliense whose genus was also sometimes considered basal. Both species are native to Rio Grande do Sul. S. luzulaefolia was collected in São Pedro do Sul, RS, Brazil and D. brasiliense in Santa Maria, RS, Brazil and in São Pedro do Sul, RS, Brazil. The corolla is the first floral whorl to arise in both species, followed by the androecium, gynoecium and calyx in S. luzulaefolia; calyx, androecium and gynoecium in D. brasiliense. Tenuinucellate incomplete ovule, asymmetric integument and dual origin endothelium (funicule and integument) are new results for Asteraceae. The archesporium is usually unicellular, but ovules with two archesporial cells were observed. In S. luzulaefolia two types of tetrad are present, the linear tetrad being more commom than the tetrad with paired ginospores. The ginophyte development pattern in D. brasiliense can be an indication of its derived position in Barnadesioideae, since it has bisporic ginophyte of the Allium type and in S. luzulaefolia where ginophyte is monosporic of the Polygonum type, integrating these features simultaneity of mitotic cycles and cellularization of ginófito. The mature ginophyte is 4-cell, in both species, because of the degeneration of the antipodes, which can configure a plesiomorphic character for the family. The synergids extend into the micropile canal and they have fibrillar apparatus of typical morphology for Asteraceae. Labyrinthine walls of the middle cell and flange
Recommended publications
  • The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks Bioblitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event

    The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks Bioblitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event

    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 ON THIS PAGE Photograph of BioBlitz participants conducting data entry into iNaturalist. Photograph courtesy of the National Park Service. ON THE COVER Photograph of BioBlitz participants collecting aquatic species data in the Presidio of San Francisco. Photograph courtesy of National Park Service. The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 Elizabeth Edson1, Michelle O’Herron1, Alison Forrestel2, Daniel George3 1Golden Gate Parks Conservancy Building 201 Fort Mason San Francisco, CA 94129 2National Park Service. Golden Gate National Recreation Area Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1061 Sausalito, CA 94965 3National Park Service. San Francisco Bay Area Network Inventory & Monitoring Program Manager Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1063 Sausalito, CA 94965 March 2016 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service.
  • Early Evolution of the Angiosperm Clade Asteraceae in the Cretaceous of Antarctica

    Early Evolution of the Angiosperm Clade Asteraceae in the Cretaceous of Antarctica

    Early evolution of the angiosperm clade Asteraceae in the Cretaceous of Antarctica Viviana D. Barredaa,1,2, Luis Palazzesia,b,1, Maria C. Telleríac, Eduardo B. Oliverod, J. Ian Rainee, and Félix Forestb aDivisión Paleobotánica, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia,” Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires C1405DJR, Argentina; bJodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 3DS, United Kingdom; cLaboratorio de Sistemática y Biología Evolutiva, Museo de La Plata, La Plata B1900FWA, Argentina; dCentro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Técnicas, 9410 Ushuaia, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina; and eDepartment of Palaeontology, GNS Science, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand Edited by Michael J. Donoghue, Yale University, New Haven, CT, and approved July 15, 2015 (received for review December 10, 2014) The Asteraceae (sunflowers and daisies) are the most diverse Here we report fossil pollen evidence from exposed Campanian/ family of flowering plants. Despite their prominent role in extant Maastrichtian sediments from the Antarctic Peninsula (Fig. 1, Fig. S1, terrestrial ecosystems, the early evolutionary history of this family and SI Materials and Methods, Fossiliferous Localities)(7)thatradi- remains poorly understood. Here we report the discovery of a cally changes our understanding of the early evolution of Asteraceae. number of fossil pollen grains preserved in dinosaur-bearing deposits from the Late Cretaceous of Antarctica that drastically pushes back Results and Discussion the timing of assumed origin of the family. Reliably dated to ∼76–66 The pollen grains reported here and discovered in the Late Cre- Mya, these specimens are about 20 million years older than previ- taceous of Antarctica are tricolporate, microechinate, with long ously known records for the Asteraceae.
  • The Plant Press the ARIZONA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY

    The Plant Press the ARIZONA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY

    The Plant Press THE ARIZONA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY Volume 36, Number 1 Summer 2013 In this Issue: Plants of the Madrean Archipelago 1-4 Floras in the Madrean Archipelago Conference 5-8 Abstracts of Botanical Papers Presented in the Madrean Archipelago Conference Southwest Coralbean (Erythrina flabelliformis). Plus 11-19 Conservation Priority Floras in the Madrean Archipelago Setting for Arizona G1 Conference and G2 Plant Species: A Regional Assessment by Thomas R. Van Devender1. Photos courtesy the author. & Our Regular Features Today the term ‘bioblitz’ is popular, meaning an intensive effort in a short period to document the diversity of animals and plants in an area. The first bioblitz in the southwestern 2 President’s Note United States was the 1848-1855 survey of the new boundary between the United States and Mexico after the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo of 1848 ended the Mexican-American War. 8 Who’s Who at AZNPS The border between El Paso, Texas and the Colorado River in Arizona was surveyed in 1855- 9 & 17 Book Reviews 1856, following the Gadsden Purchase in 1853. Besides surveying and marking the border with monuments, these were expeditions that made extensive animal and plant collections, 10 Spotlight on a Native often by U.S. Army physicians. Botanists John M. Bigelow (Charphochaete bigelovii), Charles Plant C. Parry (Agave parryi), Arthur C. V. Schott (Stephanomeria schotti), Edmund K. Smith (Rhamnus smithii), George Thurber (Stenocereus thurberi), and Charles Wright (Cheilanthes wrightii) made the first systematic plant collection in the Arizona-Sonora borderlands. ©2013 Arizona Native Plant In 1892-94, Edgar A. Mearns collected 30,000 animal and plant specimens on the second Society.
  • (Ou Immortelles) En Aromathérapie: Zoom Sur L'hélichryse Italienne Corse

    (Ou Immortelles) En Aromathérapie: Zoom Sur L'hélichryse Italienne Corse

    Les hélichryses (ou immortelles) en aromathérapie : zoom sur l’Hélichryse italienne corse Margaux Degrelle To cite this version: Margaux Degrelle. Les hélichryses (ou immortelles) en aromathérapie : zoom sur l’Hélichryse italienne corse. Sciences pharmaceutiques. 2015. hal-01731734 HAL Id: hal-01731734 https://hal.univ-lorraine.fr/hal-01731734 Submitted on 14 Mar 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. AVERTISSEMENT Ce document est le fruit d'un long travail approuvé par le jury de soutenance et mis à disposition de l'ensemble de la communauté universitaire élargie. Il est soumis à la propriété intellectuelle de l'auteur. Ceci implique une obligation de citation et de référencement lors de l’utilisation de ce document. D'autre part, toute contrefaçon, plagiat, reproduction illicite encourt une poursuite pénale. Contact : [email protected] LIENS Code de la Propriété Intellectuelle. articles L 122. 4 Code de la Propriété Intellectuelle. articles L 335.2- L 335.10 http://www.cfcopies.com/V2/leg/leg_droi.php http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/infos-pratiques/droits/protection.htm
  • 3 Tribo Mutisieae Cass

    3 Tribo Mutisieae Cass

    3 Tribo Mutisieae Cass. Eduardo Pasini SciELO Books / SciELO Livros / SciELO Libros PAINI, E. Tribo Mutisieae Cass. In: ROQUE, N. TELES, A.M., and NAKAJIMA, J.N., comp. A família Asteraceae no Brasil: classificação e diversidade [online]. Salvador: EDUFBA, 2017, pp. 43-50. ISBN: 978-85-232-1999-4. https://doi.org/10.7476/9788523219994.0005. All the contents of this work, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Todo o conteúdo deste trabalho, exceto quando houver ressalva, é publicado sob a licença Creative Commons Atribição 4.0. Todo el contenido de esta obra, excepto donde se indique lo contrario, está bajo licencia de la licencia Creative Commons Reconocimento 4.0. 3 TRIBO MUTISIEAE CASS. Eduardo Pasini A compreensão da tribo Mutisieae s.l. é essencial para elucidar a radia- ção evolutiva e as relações de parentesco entre as Asteraceae basais (FUNK et al., 2009), além de proporcionar o entendimento de gêneros muito pecu- liares e isolados (BREMER, 1994). Cabrera (1977) realizou o estudo mais completo e global envolvendo a tribo Mutisieae, cuja classificação serviu de subsídio até a descoberta da subtribo Barnadesiinae Benth. & Hook como grupo irmão para o resto da família (JANSEN; PALMER, 1987). Estudos revisivos e cladísticos, como de Cabrera (1977), Hansen (1991), Karis, Kallersjoån e Bremer (1992), Bremer e Jansen 1992 e Bremer (1994, 1996), invariavelmente, concluíram que a tribo Mutisieae (sensu Cabrera) era parafilética e necessitava ser desmembrada. Contudo, esses estudos não apresentaram um consenso para a obtenção de uma classificação estável para o grupo, de modo que conclusões sobre a sua circunscrição eram ainda contraditórias.
  • The Origin of the Bifurcating Style in Asteraceae (Compositae)

    The Origin of the Bifurcating Style in Asteraceae (Compositae)

    Annals of Botany 117: 1009–1021, 2016 doi:10.1093/aob/mcw033, available online at www.aob.oxfordjournals.org The origin of the bifurcating style in Asteraceae (Compositae) Liliana Katinas1,2,*, Marcelo P. Hernandez 2, Ana M. Arambarri2 and Vicki A. Funk3 1Division Plantas Vasculares, Museo de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina, 2Laboratorio de Morfologıa Comparada de Espermatofitas (LAMCE), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina and 3Department of Botany, NMNH, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C., USA *For correspondence. E-mail [email protected] Received: 20 November 2015 Returned for revision: 22 December 2015 Accepted: 8 January 2016 Published electronically: 20 April 2016 Background and Aims The plant family Asteraceae (Compositae) exhibits remarkable morphological variation in the styles of its members. Lack of studies on the styles of the sister families to Asteraceae, Goodeniaceae and Calyceraceae, obscures our understanding of the origin and evolution of this reproductive feature in these groups. The aim of this work was to perform a comparative study of style morphology and to discuss the relevance of im- portant features in the evolution of Asteraceae and its sister families. Methods The histochemistry, venation and general morphology of the styles of members of Goodeniaceae, Calyceraceae and early branching lineages of Asteraceae were analysed and put in a phylogenetic framework to dis- cuss the relevance of style features in the evolution of these families. Key Results The location of lipophilic substances allowed differentiation of receptive from non-receptive style papillae, and the style venation in Goodeniaceae and Calyceraceae proved to be distinctive.
  • Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park

    Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park

    Humboldt State University Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University Botanical Studies Open Educational Resources and Data 9-17-2018 Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park James P. Smith Jr Humboldt State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Smith, James P. Jr, "Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Redwood National Park" (2018). Botanical Studies. 85. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/botany_jps/85 This Flora of Northwest California-Checklists of Local Sites is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources and Data at Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Botanical Studies by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Humboldt State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF THE REDWOOD NATIONAL & STATE PARKS James P. Smith, Jr. Professor Emeritus of Botany Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State Univerity Arcata, California 14 September 2018 The Redwood National and State Parks are located in Del Norte and Humboldt counties in coastal northwestern California. The national park was F E R N S established in 1968. In 1994, a cooperative agreement with the California Department of Parks and Recreation added Del Norte Coast, Prairie Creek, Athyriaceae – Lady Fern Family and Jedediah Smith Redwoods state parks to form a single administrative Athyrium filix-femina var. cyclosporum • northwestern lady fern unit. Together they comprise about 133,000 acres (540 km2), including 37 miles of coast line. Almost half of the remaining old growth redwood forests Blechnaceae – Deer Fern Family are protected in these four parks.
  • Flora Vol 3 FC

    Flora Vol 3 FC

    PLANTS+ OF THE BLACK RANGE OF NEW MEXICO Volume Three Arranged by english common name This checklist recognizes the plant collecting efforts of Anna Isabel Mulford in the Black Range during 1895. PLANTS+ OF THE BLACK RANGE OF NEW MEXICO An Annotated Checklist Edition One of Volume three This checklist of the plants (including a few lichen and other Black Range website, a search for specimen sheets was non-plant species) of the Black Range of southwestern New conducted; Mexico draws from a variety of sources. It is a work in progress and undoubtedly contains errors. If you encounter ✦ If a specimen sheet from the Black Range was located errors of substantive omission or commission or for the species, an entry noting this was made in the administrative errors (broken or incorrect links, spelling, notes column. The name of the collector and the etc.) please let me know at [email protected] so that general location where the specimen was collected the errors can be corrected in the second edition. Your help was entered in the notes column as a link to the in this manner will be of benefit to the general community. specimen sheet. Such entries are shown in dark blue. Methodology ✦ Species which are not verified for the Black Range are indicated by a light blue “cell filling” in the first cell in This checklist was put together in the following manner: the species row. ✦ A search of the SEINet data base (Arizona & New Mexico Chapters) was conducted to determine the Disclaimers and possible species in the Black Range; Points of Clarification ✦ A preliminary search of the Consortium of North In some cases, you may note that an entry from the Vascular American Lichen Herbaria data base was conducted to Plants of the Gila Wilderness data base has been entered on determine possible species in the Black Range (this the checklist but the initial cell of the species listing is filled work is incomplete); in light blue indicating that the species was not verified for the Black Range following the process described above.
  • A Review on Presence of Oleanolic Acid in Natural Products

    A Review on Presence of Oleanolic Acid in Natural Products

    Natura Proda Medica, (2), April 2009 64 A review on presence of Oleanolic acid in Natural Products A review on presence of Oleanolic acid in Natural Products YEUNG Ming Fai Abstract Oleanolic acid (OA), a common phytochemical, is chosen as an example for elucidation of its presence in natural products by searching scientific databases. 146 families, 698 genera and 1620 species of natural products were found to have OA up to Sep 2007. Keywords Oleanolic acid, natural products, plants, Chinese medicine, Linnaeus system of plant classification Introduction and/or its saponins in natural products was carried out for Oleanolic acid (OA), a common phytochemical, is chosen elucidating its pressence. The classification was based on as an example for elucidation of its presence in natural Linnaeus system of plant classification from the databases of products by searching scientific databases. SciFinder and China Yearbook Full-text Database (CJFD). Methodology of Review Result of Review Literature search for isolation and characterization of OA Search results were tabulated (Table 1). Table 1 Literature review of natural products containing OA and/or its saponins. The classification is based on Angiosperm Phylogeny Group APG II system of plant classification from the databases of SciFinder and China Yearbook Full-text Database (CJFD). Family of plants Plant scientific names Position of plant to be Form of OA References isolated isolated Acanthaceae Juss. Acanthus illicifolius L. Leaves OA [1-2] Acanthaceae Avicennia officinalis Linn. Leaves OA [3] Acanthaceae Blepharis sindica Stocks ex T. Anders Seeds OA [4] Acanthaceae Dicliptera chinensis (Linn.) Juss. Whole plant OA [5] Acanthaceae Justicia simplex Whole plant OA saponins [6] Actinidiaceae Gilg.
  • Phenotypic Landscape Inference Reveals Multiple Evolutionary Paths to C4 Photosynthesis

    Phenotypic Landscape Inference Reveals Multiple Evolutionary Paths to C4 Photosynthesis

    RESEARCH ARTICLE elife.elifesciences.org Phenotypic landscape inference reveals multiple evolutionary paths to C4 photosynthesis Ben P Williams1†, Iain G Johnston2†, Sarah Covshoff1, Julian M Hibberd1* 1Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; 2Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom Abstract C4 photosynthesis has independently evolved from the ancestral C3 pathway in at least 60 plant lineages, but, as with other complex traits, how it evolved is unclear. Here we show that the polyphyletic appearance of C4 photosynthesis is associated with diverse and flexible evolutionary paths that group into four major trajectories. We conducted a meta-analysis of 18 lineages containing species that use C3, C4, or intermediate C3–C4 forms of photosynthesis to parameterise a 16-dimensional phenotypic landscape. We then developed and experimentally verified a novel Bayesian approach based on a hidden Markov model that predicts how the C4 phenotype evolved. The alternative evolutionary histories underlying the appearance of C4 photosynthesis were determined by ancestral lineage and initial phenotypic alterations unrelated to photosynthesis. We conclude that the order of C4 trait acquisition is flexible and driven by non-photosynthetic drivers. This flexibility will have facilitated the convergent evolution of this complex trait. DOI: 10.7554/eLife.00961.001 Introduction *For correspondence: Julian. The convergent evolution of complex traits is surprisingly common, with examples including camera- [email protected] like eyes of cephalopods, vertebrates, and cnidaria (Kozmik et al., 2008), mimicry in invertebrates and †These authors contributed vertebrates (Santos et al., 2003; Wilson et al., 2012) and the different photosynthetic machineries of equally to this work plants (Sage et al., 2011a).
  • Listado De Todas Las Plantas Que Tengo Fotografiadas Ordenado Por Familias Según El Sistema APG III (Última Actualización: 2 De Septiembre De 2021)

    Listado De Todas Las Plantas Que Tengo Fotografiadas Ordenado Por Familias Según El Sistema APG III (Última Actualización: 2 De Septiembre De 2021)

    Listado de todas las plantas que tengo fotografiadas ordenado por familias según el sistema APG III (última actualización: 2 de Septiembre de 2021) GÉNERO Y ESPECIE FAMILIA SUBFAMILIA GÉNERO Y ESPECIE FAMILIA SUBFAMILIA Acanthus hungaricus Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Metarungia longistrobus Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Acanthus mollis Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Odontonema callistachyum Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Acanthus spinosus Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Odontonema cuspidatum Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Aphelandra flava Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Odontonema tubaeforme Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Aphelandra sinclairiana Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Pachystachys lutea Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Aphelandra squarrosa Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Pachystachys spicata Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Asystasia gangetica Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Peristrophe speciosa Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Barleria cristata Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Phaulopsis pulchella Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Barleria obtusa Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Pseuderanthemum carruthersii ‘Rubrum’ Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Barleria repens Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Pseuderanthemum carruthersii var. atropurpureum Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Brillantaisia lamium Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Pseuderanthemum carruthersii var. reticulatum Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Brillantaisia owariensis Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Pseuderanthemum laxiflorum Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Brillantaisia ulugurica Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Pseuderanthemum laxiflorum ‘Purple Dazzler’ Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Crossandra infundibuliformis Acanthaceae Acanthoideae Ruellia
  • Anthemideae Christoph Oberprieler, Sven Himmelreich, Mari Källersjö, Joan Vallès, Linda E

    Anthemideae Christoph Oberprieler, Sven Himmelreich, Mari Källersjö, Joan Vallès, Linda E

    Chapter38 Anthemideae Christoph Oberprieler, Sven Himmelreich, Mari Källersjö, Joan Vallès, Linda E. Watson and Robert Vogt HISTORICAL OVERVIEW The circumscription of Anthemideae remained relatively unchanged since the early artifi cial classifi cation systems According to the most recent generic conspectus of Com- of Lessing (1832), Hoff mann (1890–1894), and Bentham pos itae tribe Anthemideae (Oberprieler et al. 2007a), the (1873), and also in more recent ones (e.g., Reitbrecht 1974; tribe consists of 111 genera and ca. 1800 species. The Heywood and Humphries 1977; Bremer and Humphries main concentrations of members of Anthemideae are in 1993), with Cotula and Ursinia being included in the tribe Central Asia, the Mediterranean region, and southern despite extensive debate (Bentham 1873; Robinson and Africa. Members of the tribe are well known as aromatic Brettell 1973; Heywood and Humphries 1977; Jeff rey plants, and some are utilized for their pharmaceutical 1978; Gadek et al. 1989; Bruhl and Quinn 1990, 1991; and/or pesticidal value (Fig. 38.1). Bremer and Humphries 1993; Kim and Jansen 1995). The tribe Anthemideae was fi rst described by Cassini Subtribal classifi cation, however, has created considerable (1819: 192) as his eleventh tribe of Compositae. In a diffi culties throughout the taxonomic history of the tribe. later publication (Cassini 1823) he divided the tribe into Owing to the artifi ciality of a subtribal classifi cation based two major groups: “Anthémidées-Chrysanthémées” and on the presence vs. absence of paleae, numerous attempts “An thé midées-Prototypes”, based on the absence vs. have been made to develop a more satisfactory taxonomy presence of paleae (receptacular scales).