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Bulgaria Inquinans (Pers.) Fr., Mycol

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Bulgaria Inquinans (Pers.) Fr., Mycol Bulgaria inquinans (Pers.) Fr., Mycol. eur. (Erlanga) 2: 166 (1825) COROLOGíA Registro/Herbario Fecha Lugar Hábitat MAR-220808 09 22/08/2008 La Pieda de San Martín (Pirineo Sobre madera caída Leg.: Félix Mateo, Pedro Sepúlveda, francés) de haya (Fagus Miguel Á. Ribes 1359 m. 30T XN8463 sylvatica) Det.: Miguel Á. Ribes TAXONOMíA • Basiónimo: Peziza inquinans Pers., Neues Mag. Bot. 1: 113 (1794) • Citas en listas publicadas: Saccardo's Syll. fung. VIII: 636; XII: 63; XIX: 202 • Posición en la clasificación: Bulgariaceae, Leotiales, Leotiomycetidae, Leotiomycetes, Ascomycota, Fungi • Sinónimos: o Ascobolus inquinans (Pers.) Nees, Syst. Pilze (Würzburg): 268, tab. 39:296 (1816) [1816-17] o Bulgaria polymorpha Oeder ex Wettst. o Lichen fungosus With. o Peziza polymorpha Witth.{?} o Peziza turbinata Relhan, Fl. cantab.: 467 (1785) o Peziza vesiculosa var. turbinata (Pers.) Pers., Mycol. eur. (Erlanga) 1: 229 (1822) o Phaeobulgaria inquinans (Pers.) Nannf., Nova Acta R. Soc. Scient. upsal., Ser. 4 8(2): 311 (1932) o Phaeobulgaria polymorpha (Oeder) Ferd. & Jørgensen{?}, (1938) o Tremella turbinata Huds., Fl. Angl., Edn 2 2: 563 (1778) DESCRIPCIÓN MACRO Apotecios turbinados, de hasta 4 cm de diámetro, sésiles, con himenio más o menos liso, negro, que mancha al tocarlo, superficie externa furfurácea, marrón oscura a negruzca, borde involuto, ondulado y en ocasiones excedente. Carne gelatinosa, oscura, elástica y tenaz. De jóvenes, al estar medio cerrados, tienen un aspecto completamente distinto, ya que únicamente se ve el exterior marrón furfuráceo y asomando en el centro una sustancia gelatinosa, brillante, marrón rojiza, con aspecto de mermelada (ver Otras fotografías más abajo). Bulgaria inquinans 220808 09 Página 1 de 4 DESCRIPCIÓN MICRO 1. Ascas claviformes, con la base muy estrecha, uniseriadas, amiloides y aparentemente tetraspóricas, ya que únicamente las 4 esporas superiores maduran y son de color marrón oscuro, mientras que las 4 inferiores no maduran y permanecen hialinas. Medidas ascas (400x, en agua, material fresco) 72.1 [95.7 ; 113.7] 137.3 x 9 [10.3 ; 11.3] 12.6 N = 13 ; C = 95%; Me = 104.71 x 10.84 2. Esporas maduras de color marrón oscuro, de reniformes a citriformes, con una gran gútula central. Esporas inmaduras hialinas y más pequeñas. Bulgaria inquinans 220808 09 Página 2 de 4 Medidas esporales (400x en agua, material fresco) 12.8 [14.9 ; 15.6] 17.6 x 7.1 [8.2 ; 8.6] 9.7 Q = 1.5 [1.8 ; 1.9] 2.1 ; N = 46 ; C = 95% Me = 15.24 x 8.39 ; Qe = 1.82 3. Paráfisis filiformes, bifurcadas cerca de la base y bastante sinuosas en el ápice OBSERVACIONES Su forma turbinada, gruesa, con el himenio cóncavo y que mancha al tocarlo cuando está maduro son caracteres que hacen que la especie sea inconfundible. Sin embargo los ejemplares viejos y deformes pueden confundirse con Exidia truncata Fr. o Exidia glandulosa (Bull.) Fr., que son basidiomycetes, tienen las esporas incoloras y no manchan. OTRAS DESCRIPCIONES Y FOTOGRAFÍAS • AAVV. Bolets de Catalunya, lámina 1004. • AAVV. (2000). Nordic Macromycetes Vol. 1 Ascomycetes. Pag. 138. • BREITENBACH, J. & KRÄNZLIN, F. (1984). Fungi of Switzerland Vol. 1 Ascomycetes. Pag. 157. • GERHARDT, E.; VILA, J. & LLIMONA, X. (2000). Hongos de España y de Europa. Ed. Omega. Pag. 141. • LLAMAS B. & TERRÓN A. (2003). Atlas fotográfico de los hongos de la Península Ibérica. Pag. 136. • MEDARDI G. (2006). Atlante fotográfico degli Ascomiceti d’Italia. Pag. 246. Ejemplares muy jóvenes y cerrados (izquierda) y bastante maduros (derecha) Bulgaria inquinans 220808 09 Página 3 de 4 Ejemplares muy hidratados y completamente abiertos Ejemplares muy maduros con el himenio completamente cubierto de esporas oscuras Bulgaria inquinans 220808 09 Página 4 de 4 .
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