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Moeszia9-10.Pdf Tartalom Tanulmányok • Original papers .............................................................................................. 3 Contents Pál-Fám Ferenc, Benedek Lajos: Kucsmagombák és papsapkagombák Székelyföldön. Előfordulás, fajleírások, makroszkópikus határozókulcs, élőhelyi jellemzés .................................... 3 Ferenc Pál-Fám, Lajos Benedek: Morels and Elfin Saddles in Székelyland, Transylvania. Occurrence, Species Description, Macroscopic Key, Habitat Characterisation ........................... 13 Pál-Fám Ferenc, Benedek Lajos: A Kárpát-medence kucsmagombái és papsapkagombái képekben .................................................................................................................................... 18 Ferenc Pál-Fám, Lajos Benedek: Pictures of Morels and Elfin Saddles from the Carpathian Basin ....................................................................................................................... 18 Szász Balázs: Újabb adatok Olthévíz és környéke nagygombáinak ismeretéhez .......................... 28 Balázs Szász: New Data on Macrofungi of Hoghiz Region (Transylvania, Romania) ................. 42 Pál-Fám Ferenc, Szász Balázs, Szilvásy Edit, Benedek Lajos: Adatok a Baróti- és Bodoki-hegység nagygombáinak ismeretéhez ............................................................................ 44 Ferenc Pál-Fám, Balázs Szász, Edit Szilvásy, Lajos Benedek: Contribution to the Knowledge of Macrofungi of Baróti- and Bodoki Mts., Székelyland, Transylvania ..................... 53 Pál-Fám Ferenc, Papp Viktor, Szász Balázs, Benedek Lajos: Adatok Gyimesbükk környéke nagygombáinak ismeretéhez 2 .................................................................................... 55 Ferenc Pál-Fám, Viktor Papp, Balázs Szász, Lajos Benedek: Contribution to the Knowledge of Macrofungi of Gyimesbükk Region, Székelyland, Transylvania 2 ........................ 62 Pál-Fám Ferenc, Lukács Helga, Lukács Krisztián, Pluta Márk, Benedek Lajos: Adatok a Gyergyói-havasok nagygombáinak ismeretéhez .......................................................... 64 Ferenc Pál-Fám, Helga Lukács, Krisztián Lukács, Márk Pluta, Lajos Benedek: Contribution to the Knowledge of Macrofungi of Gyergyói Mts., Székelyland, Transylvania .... 70 Pál-Fám Ferenc, Szász Balázs, Lukács Helga, Bóna Bence, Benedek Lajos: Adatok Katrosa környéke nagygombáinak ismeretéhez .............................................................. 72 Ferenc Pál-Fám, Balázs Szász, Helga Lukács, Bence Bóna, Lajos Benedek: Contribution to the Knowledge of Macrofungi of Katrosa Environs, Székelyland, Transylvania .... 81 Pál-Fám Ferenc, Szász Balázs, Benedek Lajos: Adatok a Görgényi-havasok nagygombáinak ismeretéhez 2 .................................................................................................... 83 Ferenc Pál-Fám, Balázs Szász, Lajos Benedek: Contribution to the Knowledge of Macrofungi of Görgényi Mts., Székelyland, Transylvania 2 ........................................................ 91 Pál-Fám Ferenc, Szász Balázs, Benedek Lajos: Adatok a Hargita és a Csíki-hegység nagygombáinak ismeretéhez ...................................................................................................... 93 Ferenc Pál-Fám, Balázs Szász, Lajos Benedek: Contribution to the Knowledge of Macrofungi of Hargita- and Csíki Mts., Székelyland, Transylvania .......................................... 100 Pál-Fám Ferenc, Szász Balázs, Fődi Attila, Benedek Lajos: Adatok Kalotaszeg nagygombáinak ismeretéhez .................................................................................................... 102 Ferenc Pál-Fám, Balázs Szász, Attila Fődi, Lajos Benedek: Contribution to the Knowledge of Macrofungi of Kalotaszeg, Transylvania ............................................................ 109 Zsigmond Győző: A kucsmagombák (Morchella spp., Verpa spp.) a magyar néphagyományban .................................................................................................................. 111 Győző Zsigmond: The Morel (Morchella spp., Verpa spp.) in Hungarian Folk Tradition ........... 118 Berdán Zsuzsanna: A mesegomba titkai ................................................................................. 124 Zsuzsanna Berdán: Secrets of the Fairy Tale Mushroom ......................................................... 135 Kicsi Sándor András: Áttekintés a világ etnomikológiájáról / Sándor András Kicsi: A Survey of Global Ethnomycology ....................................................................................................... 142 Ifj. Sántha Tibor: Népi gombanevek Felső-Háromszékről / Tibor Sántha jr.: Folk Fungi Names from the Region Felső-Háromszék (Kézdivásárhely Environs, Székelyland, Transylvania) ........ 156 Könyvismertetők • Book reviews ........................................................................................ 173 Vasas Gizella, Locsmándi Csaba: Ghidul culegătorului de ciuperci / A gombaszedő kézikönyve Handbook for Mushroom Gatherers – Kiss J. Botond, Zsigmond Győző .............................. 173 Drăgulescu Constantin: Botanica populară românească în Valea Hârtibaciului (A román etnobotanika a Hortobágy völgyében) / Ethnobotany in the Valley of Hârtibaci, Sibiu, 2012 – Zágoni Imola ............................................................................................................. 175 Hírek, érdekességek • news, curiosities ............................................................................. 177 Pál-Fám Ferenc: Jakucs Erzsébet laudációja / Laudation of Erzsébet Jakucs ............................ 177 Molnár György: Málnási András laudációja / Laudation of András Málnási ....................... 178 Puskás Attila: Veressné Telegdi Magda laudációja Laudation of Magda Veressné Telegdi ................................................................................... 179 A László Kálmán Gombászegyesület eseménynaptára 2013–2016 Calendar of Events 2013–2016 of the Kálmán László Mycological Society ............................. 181 Gyuricza Sándor: Adalékok a népi gombaismerethez Some Ethnomycological Data ................................................................................................. 196 Duma András: A bercsóggomba / The Morel ............................................................................ 198 Málnási András gombás tréfája, rajza / Joke and Funny Graphic by András Málnási ............. 198 Jánk Károly: Ízletes kucsmagomba / Common Morel .............................................................. 198 Forrai Tibor: Kucsmagombák (keresztrejtvény) / Morels (cross-word) ..................................... 198 Jakab Antal: Gombászkalandok (részlet) / Adventures of Mushroom Hunters (fragment) ........ 199 PÁL-FÁM Ferenc, BENEDEK Lajos • Kucsmagombák és papsapkagombák a Székelyföldön 3 KUCSMAGOMBÁK ÉS PAPSAPKAGOMBÁK A SZÉKELYFÖLDÖN mikológiai- (MORCHELLA, MITROPHORA, VERPA, HELVELLA, PAXINA, DISCINA, etnomikológiai folyóirat GYROMITRA, RHIZINA, LEOTIA, CUDONIA, SPATHULARIA, mycological- ELŐFORDULÁS, FAJLEÍRÁSOK, MAKROSZKÓPIKUS ethnomycological journal MITRULA). Vol. 9–10. HATÁROZÓKULCS, ÉLŐHELYI JELLEMZÉS pp. 3–12. Pál-Fám Ferenc1, Benedek Lajos2 1Kaposvári Egyetem, Növénytudományi Intézet, [email protected] 2Szent István Egyetem, Kertészettudományi Kar, Növénytani Tanszék és Soroksári Botanikus Kert, [email protected] Kulcsszavak: Morchella, Mitrophora, Verpa, Helvella, Paxina, Discina, Gyromitra, Rhizina, Leotia, Cudonia, Spathularia, Mitrula, Székelyföld, jellemzés, fajleírások, határozókulcs Kivonat: Jelen munka a Morchella, Mitrophora, Verpa, Helvella, Paxina, Discina, Gyromitra, Rhizina, Leotia, Cudonia, Spathularia, Mitrula nemzetségekből a Székelyföldön dokumentáltan előforduló 16 taxon leírását, előfordulási adatainak összefoglalását, élőhelyi jellemzését és makroszkopikus határozókulcsát tartalmazza. A Székelyföldről ismert taxonok adatainak száma 55, ebből 18 saját, publikált vagy fungáriumi adat. A fajok leírása alapvetően a saját gyűjtésekből származó termőtestek leírásain alapul, figyelembe véve a szakirodalmi leírásokat is. A Mitrula paludosa fajnak ezek az első dokumentált székelyföldi előfordulásai. Még 7 taxon előfordulása várható, szóbeli és egyéb közlés alapján, jelen munka ezek leírását is tartalmazza. BevezetÉS A tömlősgombák számos faja, különösképpen a kucsmagombák régóta ismertek, közkedveltek igen ízletes voltuk és relatív könnyű azonosíthatóságuk miatt. Ugyancsak ismertek a papsapkagombák is, melyeket mérgező voltuk ellenére sok országban fogyasztanak. A tárgyalt tömlősgombák többsége jellegzetes, feltűnő termőtesttel bír, több közülük tavasszal, a gombaszezon kezdetén terem, ezért is ennyire ismertek és némelyek étkezési szempontból keresettek. A mikológiai munkákban is kiemelt ezen csoportok tanulmányozása, ezért taxonómiájuk és rendszerük nagy változásokon ment keresztül az évek folyamán, napjainkban a legújabb kutatások alapján már rendszertanilag különálló egységekbe csoportosulnak. Irodalmi áttekintéS A tömlősgombák első fontos csoportosítása Fries (1822) nevéhez fűződik, aki 6 nemzetségbe sorolta – a Mitrati renden belül – a kucsmagombákat, papsapkagombákat, koronggombákat, sapkásgombákat, pajzsgombákat, csuklyásgombákat, lapátgombákat: Morchella (alapvetően kucsmagombák), Helvella (alapvetően papsapkagombák), Verpa (alapvetően kucsmagombák), Leotia (pajzsgombák, sapkásgombák, csuklyásgombák, lapátgombák), Vibrissea (lapátgombák) és Rhizina (gyökeres-csészegombák). Az alábbi taxonokat ismerteti: Morchella:
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