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The Destruction of Religious and Cultural Sites I. Introduction The
Mapping the Saudi State, Chapter 7: The Destruction of Religious and Cultural Sites I. Introduction The Ministry for Islamic Affairs, Endowments, Da’wah, and Guidance, commonly abbreviated to the Ministry of Islamic Affairs (MOIA), supervises and regulates religious activity in Saudi Arabia. Whereas the Commission for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (CPVPV) directly enforces religious law, as seen in Mapping the Saudi State, Chapter 1,1 the MOIA is responsible for the administration of broader religious services. According to the MOIA, its primary duties include overseeing the coordination of Islamic societies and organizations, the appointment of clergy, and the maintenance and construction of mosques.2 Yet, despite its official mission to “preserve Islamic values” and protect mosques “in a manner that fits their sacred status,”3 the MOIA is complicit in a longstanding government campaign against the peninsula’s traditional heritage – Islamic or otherwise. Since 1925, the Al Saud family has overseen the destruction of tombs, mosques, and historical artifacts in Jeddah, Medina, Mecca, al-Khobar, Awamiyah, and Jabal al-Uhud. According to the Islamic Heritage Research Foundation, between just 1985 and 2014 – through the MOIA’s founding in 1993 –the government demolished 98% of the religious and historical sites located in Saudi Arabia.4 The MOIA’s seemingly contradictory role in the destruction of Islamic holy places, commentators suggest, is actually the byproduct of an equally incongruous alliance between the forces of Wahhabism and commercialism.5 Compelled to acknowledge larger demographic and economic trends in Saudi Arabia – rapid population growth, increased urbanization, and declining oil revenues chief among them6 – the government has increasingly worked to satisfy both the Wahhabi religious establishment and the kingdom’s financial elite. -
Full Bibliography (From Sheikhs to Sultanism)
FULL BIBLIOGRAPHY (FROM SHEIKHS TO SULTANISM) Academic sources (books, chapters, and journal articles) P. Aarts and C. Roelants, Saudi Arabia: A Kingdom in Peril (London: Hurst & Co., 2015) A. Abdulla, The Gulf Moment in Contemporary Arab History (Beirut: Dar Al-Farabi, 2018) [in Arabic] I. Abed and P. Hellyer (eds.), United Arab Emirates: A New Perspective (Dubai: Trident, 2001) P. Abel and S. Horák, ‘A tale of two presidents: personality cult and symbolic nation-building in Turkmenistan’ in Nationalities Papers, Vol. 43, No. 3, 2015 A. Abrahams and A. Leber, ‘Framing a murder: Twitter influencers and the Jamal Khashoggi incident' in Mediterranean Politics [April 2020 online first view] D. Acemoglu, T. Verdier, and J. Robinson, ‘Kleptocracy and Divide-and-Rule: A Model of Personal Rule’ in Journal of the European Economic Association, Vol. 2, Nos. 2-3, 2004 G. Achcar, The People Want: A Radical Exploration of the Arab Uprising (London: Saqi, 2013) A. Adib-Moghaddam (ed.), A Critical Introduction to Khomeini (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014) I. Ahyat, ‘Politics and Economy of Banjarmasin Sultanate in the Period of Expansion of the Netherlands East Indies Government in Indonesia, 1826-1860’ in Tawarikh: International Journal for Historical Studies, Vol. 3, No. 2, 2012 A. Al-Affendi, ‘A Trans-Islamic Revolution?’, Critical Muslim, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2012 M. Al-Atawneh, ‘Is Saudi Arabia a Theocracy? Religion and Governance in Contemporary Saudi Arabia’ in Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 45, No. 5, 2009 H. Albrecht and O. Schlumberger, ‘Waiting for Godot: Regime Change Without Democratization in the Middle East’ in International Political Science Review, Vol. -
Annual Report 2019 Contents
Annual Report 2019 Contents 1 LETTER FROM CEO 2 2019 HIGHLIGHTS 3 TRADE MISSIONS 4 MEMBERSHIP 6 EVENTS & OUTREACH 13 COMMUNICATIONS & PUBLICATIONS 14 THE COUNCIL Letter from CEO Dear Members of the Business Council, I wish to extend my personal thanks and appreciation to the Board of Directors, Council members and staff of the U.S.- Saudi Arabian Business Council. Having recently joined the Council as Chief Executive Officer, it is my honor to represent you all and recognize our Co-Chairmen Mr. Abdallah Jum’ah, Chairman, The Saudi Investment Bank, and Mr. Steve Demetriou, Chairman and CEO, Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. I want to thank you as well as my colleagues for a warm and productive welcome. When I joined the Council in December 2019, I found a strong organization that had a very active and productive year. Throughout 2019, the Council organized numerous executive networking events, business roundtables, two trade missions, among other activities. This year marks the 75th anniversary of the historic meeting between U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and H.M. King Abdulaziz Al-Saud, an especially significant date to me, my family, and the Business Council. This meeting, aboard the U.S.S. Quincy, became the formal establishment of diplomatic relations between our two great nations. We share a very special bond in not only business and commerce, but also history and friendship. I am particularly pleased to be joining the Business Council at this milestone. Through this special partnership, the Business Council’s underlying mandate it to offer relevant programs and services to benefit you and your company’s market strategies and growth in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. -
Growing up Bin Laden: Osama's Wife and Son Take Us Inside Their Secret World Growing up Bin Laden: Osama's Wife and Son Take Us Inside Their Secret World
[PDF-cvr]Growing Up bin Laden: Osama's Wife and Son Take Us Inside Their Secret World Growing Up bin Laden: Osama's Wife and Son Take Us Inside Their Secret World Growing Up bin Laden: Osama's Wife and Son Take Us Inside ... Omar bin Laden - Wikipedia Osama bin Laden - Wikipedia Mon, 24 Sep 2018 07:55:00 GMT Growing Up bin Laden: Osama's Wife and Son Take Us Inside ... Growing Up bin Laden: Osama's Wife and Son Take Us Inside Their Secret World [Omar bin Laden, Najwa bin Laden, Jean Sasson] on Amazon.com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. The New York Times calls GROWING UP BIN LADEN: The most complete account available of the terrorist’s immediate family. (May 15 Omar bin Laden - Wikipedia Omar bin Osama bin Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden (Arabic: ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?, ?Umar bin ?Us?mah bin Mu?ammad bin ?Awa? bin L?din; born 1981), better known as Omar bin Laden, is one of the sons of Osama bin Laden and his first wife and first cousin Najwa Ghanem (see Bin Laden family).He is the fourth-eldest son among 20 children of Osama ... (Download free ebook) Growing Up bin Laden: Osama's Wife and Son Take Us Inside Their Secret World Osama bin Laden - Wikipedia Osama bin Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden was born in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, a son of Yemeni Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden, a millionaire construction magnate with close ties to the Saudi royal family, and Mohammed bin Laden's tenth wife, Syrian Hamida al-Attas (then called Alia Ghanem). -
Usama Bin Ladin's
Usama bin Ladin’s “Father Sheikh”: Yunus Khalis and the Return of al-Qa`ida’s Leadership to Afghanistan Harmony Program Kevin Bell USAMA BIN LADIN’S “FATHER SHEIKH:” YUNUS KHALIS AND THE RETURN OF AL‐QA`IDA’S LEADERSHIP TO AFGHANISTAN THE COMBATING TERRORISM CENTER AT WEST POINT www.ctc.usma.edu 14 May 2013 The views expressed in this paper are the author’s and do not necessarily reflect those of the Combating Terrorism Center, the U.S. Military Academy, the Department of Defense or the U.S. government. Author’s Acknowledgments This report would not have been possible without the generosity and assistance of the director of the Harmony Research Program at the Combating Terrorism Center (CTC), Don Rassler. Mr. Rassler provided me with the support and encouragement to pursue this project, and his enthusiasm for the material always helped to lighten my load. I should state here that the first tentative steps on this line of inquiry were made during my time as a student at the Program in Near Eastern Studies at Princeton University. If not for professor Şükrü Hanioğlu’s open‐minded approach to directing my MA thesis, it is unlikely that I would have embarked on this investigation of Yunus Khalis. Professor Michael Reynolds also deserves great credit for his patience with this project as a member of my thesis committee. I must also extend my utmost appreciation to my reviewers—Carr Center Fellow Michael Semple, professor David Edwards and Vahid Brown—whose insightful comments, I believe, have led to a substantially improved and more thoughtful product. -
Repression Under Saudi Crown Prince Tarnishes Reforms WATCH
HUMAN RIGHTS THE HIGH COST OF CHANGE Repression Under Saudi Crown Prince Tarnishes Reforms WATCH The High Cost of Change Repression Under Saudi Crown Prince Tarnishes Reforms Copyright © 2019 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-6231-37793 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people worldwide. We scrupulously investigate abuses, expose the facts widely, and pressure those with power to respect rights and secure justice. Human Rights Watch is an independent, international organization that works as part of a vibrant movement to uphold human dignity and advance the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org OCTOBER 2019 ISBN: 978-1-6231-37793 The High Cost of Change Repression Under Saudi Crown Prince Tarnishes Reforms Summary ............................................................................................................................... 1 Recommendations ................................................................................................................7 To the Government of Saudi Arabia ........................................................................................ -
Curriculum Vitae
Curriculum Vitae NAME : Mahmoud Diab Elsayed Gad E-MAIL : [email protected] [email protected] Mobil : KSA … 00966-540493851--- Current Position: Planning Engineer ACADEMIC QUALIFICATION: Course : Bachelor of Civil Engineering (2006) Grade : Very good Project : Survey Grade : Excellent CAREER SUMMARY (8) Years of extensive experiences in Civil Engineering discipline with exposure to Commercial and Industrial Works Project These cover the work and responsibilities on Construction Supervision, Detailed Engineering and Project Implementations, Project undertaken and/or associated with includes: Civil Works Projects includes Earthmoving; Storm Drainage Facilities; Slope Protection Works, Construction project QA/QC implementations. Also have experience in road working in SAUDIA ARABIA. - Work as a Planning Engineer from April 2011 till now. - PMP Qualifies for 40 Educational Contact Hours / PDU Credits from the Project Management Institute. PERSONAL DATA: Nationality : Egyptian Birth Date: 01-01-1981 Gender: Male Marital Status: Married. LANGUAGES: Arabic: Native Language. English: Good (Read, Written, Spoken and Understanding). SKILLS: MS Office programs: excellent in word and excel. AutoCAD all versions: User in 2 dimensions. Primavera Version 6. - PMP Qualifies for 40 Educational Contact Hours / PDU Credits from the Project Management Institute Driving License: Holder of Valid Egyptian Driving License. Holder of Valid Saudi Driving License. ENGINEERING EXPERIENCES 1- SAUDI BINLADIN GROUP. Architecture & Building Construction (ABCD Division) From May , 2013 Till Now JOB TITLE: PLANNING ENGINEER KING ABDULLAH BIN ABDU AZIZ PROJECT THIRD SAUDI EXPANSION OF HOLY HARAM MAKKAH A . Consultant : Dar Elhandasa – Shaire&Parteners Owner : Ministry of Finance – K. S . A Duties and Responsibilities: Baseline program using Primavera P6 - Preparing target program. - Monitor site progress with reference to related targets by regular updates of project program, highlight and analyze the areas of Concern and delays. -
Family Business in the Middle East | Facts and Figures
Family business in the Middle East | Facts and figures Introduction Some recent M&A deals involving Middle Eastern family businesses If the ancient Egyptians are considered the first example of a MENA are a big contributor to the region’s economy. Here sophisticated civilization on Earth, then it could be said that are some interesting facts about them: January 2014, Saudi Arabia family businesses may well have their origins in the Middle October 2013, Bahrain March 2014, UAE East. Whether that is the case or not, family businesses in Fawaz Abdulaziz Kanoo Co BCD Travel The importance of family businesses in Alhokair & Co Yusuf Bin Ahmed Kanoo Co acquired has increased its ownership stake in its the Middle East acquired the assets of Blancoshop SL, the entire share capital of Thomas Cook long-time partner in Dubai. Founded in st family b a Madrid-based owner and operator Overseas Ltd, a Cairo-based travel 1957, Al Rostamani is one of the United ge us of women’s clothing stores, for €40m agency, from Thomas Cook Group PLC. Arab Emirates’ largest and oldest family ar in (US$54.68m). Blancoshop had first Concurrently, Yusuf Bin Ahmed Kanoo business conglomerates. The company l e s announced in June 2013 that it was Co acquired the entire share capital of operates as BCD Travel LLC for its s 0 e seeking a buyer. Cortefiel was named as Thomas Cook Lebanon SAL. The two business travel. First partnering with s another potential bidder. transactions had a combined value of BCD Travel in 2006, the Dubai travel 5 90% EGP72.06m (US$10.46m) in cash. -
Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL ........................................................................................................................ 2 DETAIL .......................................................................................................................... 10 AYMAN AL-ZAWAHIRI IS APPOINTED AS AL-QAEDA 'S LEADER ......................................................... 10 Responses to Al-Zawahiri's Appointment as Al-Qaeda's Leader ...................................................12 EULOGIES AND CALLS FOR VENGEANCE ....................................................................................... 15 Official Statements by Al-Qaeda's Branches: Central Motifs and Prominent Messages .............. 15 Announcements Made by the Jihadist Forums and the Media Institutes of Global Jihad Organizations ................................................................................................................................ 26 Reference Made by Prominent Writers ........................................................................................ 31 1 Osama Bin Laden's Elimination through the Prism of Al-Qaeda's Affiliates and Global Jihad Supporters – Follow-Up Report General On May 1 st 2001, an American commando force eliminated Al-Qaeda's leader, Osama bin Laden, in Abbottabad, Pakistan. A few days later, after an official announcement on behalf of the organization's general leadership, Al-Qaeda affiliates worldwide published official announcements containing eulogies over his death and praises for his path, -
Ideology Outweighs Diplomacy in Iran's Hajj Decision | the Washington Institute
MENU Policy Analysis / PolicyWatch 2853 Ideology Outweighs Diplomacy in Iran's Hajj Decision by Mehdi Khalaji Aug 28, 2017 Also available in Arabic / Farsi ABOUT THE AUTHORS Mehdi Khalaji Mehdi Khalaji, a Qom-trained Shiite theologian, is the Libitzky Family Fellow at The Washington Institute. Brief Analysis For Islamic Republic leaders, the benefits of allowing the pilgrimage to proceed transcended the risks of appearing soft in their confrontation with the Saudis. n the evening of September 5, more than 86,000 Iranian pilgrims will complete the Hajj ritual, following O Saudi measures to once again issue visas to Iranians after a one-year suspension. The move also follows Iranian gestures in July to resume diplomatic ties with Riyadh, more than a year after Iranian protestors attacked the Saudi embassy in Tehran. Additional sources of friction between the Islamic Republic and the Saudi kingdom include the September 2015 stampede that killed hundreds of Iranian pilgrims in the Mina section of Mecca -- prompting remarkably inflammatory rhetoric from Tehran -- as well as directly opposing stances on the wars in Syria and Yemen. The Saudis and their Sunni peers, for their part, view the Iranian quest for regional hegemony with great unease. Notwithstanding these tensions, the Supreme Leader's representatives negotiated assiduously with Saudi officials to reopen the path for Iranian pilgrims, demonstrating the strategic importance of the Hajj for Iranian officials, despite the significant concession it represented for regime hardliners. Background P rior to this year's turnabout, Iranians had reasons to doubt they would be going on pilgrimage any time soon. This was the case given provocative anti-Saudi statements and an aggressive regional policy -- both emanating from Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei -- as well as warming U.S. -
Does Al-Qaeda Matter for Africa? How Affiliation with Al-Qaeda Influences the Behavior of African Sunni Extremist Groups
DOES AL-QAEDA MATTER FOR AFRICA? HOW AFFILIATION WITH AL-QAEDA INFLUENCES THE BEHAVIOR OF AFRICAN SUNNI EXTREMIST GROUPS A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Security Studies By Hailey A. Hoffman, B.A. Washington, DC April 12, 2010 Copyright 2010 by Hailey A. Hoffman All Rights Reserved ii DOES AL-QAEDA MATTER FOR AFRICA? HOW AFFILIATION WITH AL-QAEDA INFLUENCES THE BEHAVIOR OF AFRICAN SUNNI EXTREMIST GROUPS Hailey A. Hoffman, M.A. Thesis Advisor: Justine A. Rosenthal, Ph.D. ABSTRACT This paper seeks to investigate the frequently alleged trend that al-Qaeda is growing and becoming more dangerous in Africa. The study uses data from 2004 to 2009 provided by the National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC) on attacks and targeting by African jihadist groups to compare the behavioral trends of those that have joined al- Qaeda and those that have not. The data are interpreted to assess to what extent joining al-Qaeda seems to bring about behavioral changes in African Sunni terrorist organizations. The study finds that membership in the al-Qaeda organization correlates to drastic increases in activity levels and harm caused to victims in Africa. It also finds that groups that join al-Qaeda tend to increase their targeting of Western symbols and assets, although only moderately. From the insights gained through this analysis, the paper offers policy recommendations for the U.S. government. iii This thesis is dedicated to the brilliant students of the Georgetown University Security Studies Program (SSP) Class of 2010 for their counsel and support throughout the course of this project. -
CMA Tower, Riyadh
The Formwork Magazine 2/2011 ME · www.doka.com Skyward Bound – CMA Tower, Riyadh Burj Al Salam Abu Dhabi On track for New prestige fast delivery … Page 4 hotel … Page 12 KAFD, Riyadh Optimum solution Impressive mega For railway development … Page 6 station … Page 14 2 Doka Xpress Editorial Doka News Forming a dhow Kuwait – The Ministry of Education Headquarters Building will be a state- of-the-art facility. The project takes a dhow, an Arab sailing vessel, as its design metaphor. The dhow concept is implemented as two curved, intersect- ing buildings forming an interior atrium. Large-area formwork Top 50 met the challenging shape requirements. Dear Customers, Closer to the market – closer to our customers! These are the key objectives of Doka’s redefined long- term global strategy. Doka’s redefined Middle East Region will continue with the existing Doka offices in Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, Oman, Reaching the sky in Beirut Barwa Financial District Kuwait, Bahrain, Lebanon Lebanon – Doka is once again reaching Doha – Load-bearing towers Staxo 40 and Jordan. Regional head new horizons, this time the sky above and Staxo 100 were utilised to cast office will be in Dubai. Lebanon. The Formwork Experts sup- the slabs of 10 office towers at Barwa plied Automatic climbing system SKE50 Financial District (BFD). This 71,600 m2 In addition to the existing Engineering and Operation together with Top 50 as well as the slab ensemble of ten buildings takes the services in each country, part formwork for the tallest tower in Beirut shape of a twin nautilus shell and is of the expansion will be to – SAMA Beirut.