A Comparison and Evaluation of Open Source Learning Managment Systems
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Itmazi, Jamil, Gea, M. M., Paderewski, P. and Gutiérrez, F.L. 2005. A Comparison and evaluation OF Open source learning managment systems. IADIS International Conference - Applied Computing 2005. Algarve, Portugal. 22-25 Feb. http://www.iadis.net/dl/Search_list_open.asp?code=1189 http://www-etsi2.ugr.es/usuarios/jamil/Prest_IADIS.pdf A COMPARISON AND EVALUATION OF OPEN SOURCE LEARNING MANAGMENT SYSTEMS Jamil Ahmad Itmazi PhD. Student Computer Science Department, Granada University, Spain [email protected] Gea, M. M., Paderewski, P. and Gutiérrez, F.L Computer Science Department ETSI, Granada University, Spain [email protected] ABSTRACT The eLearning is a new modern tool of current learning system; it is becoming so important of the learning of the universities. The core of eLearning solutions is LMS or CMS (learning/course management systems), which help the university to automates the managing of learning events. Some of LMS are commercial Software, while others are free Open-Source LMS. The universities give more attention to OS-LMS, which are becoming very interesting of the eLearning landscape, even it are competing other proprietary software. In fact, studying and analyzing LMS´s is not easy; because the serious studies that made evaluation and comparison of the LMS are not sufficient, especially the open-source LMS, which did not take a good attention in those studies, so we emphasis the necessity of more analysis and study of LMS´s which involve OS-LMS and we try to contribute with this article. In this article, we make an introduction of LMS, listing some of them, choosing two OS-LMS (Moodle and Ilias) to study and evaluate then we start the comparison and evaluation to every package with introduction, features, different views and weaknesses (suggests to improve it). The study of them covers the basic information of every package: the name, link, source, version, structure and explain his features. KEYWORDS LMS, Moodle, Ilias, eLearning. 1 1. INTRODUCTION The learning process needs mechanism to represent the knowledge (using different resources), allowing the interactions with it and sharing with other persons. In this sense, eLearning is becoming an important tool to support the learning system to achieve these goals. ELearning (as an ICT supported education) became hot topic in the 1990's [Nag04:5] after the spread of the Internet. Although it has a relative short history, it is becoming important part of our learning system and our society. We notice that the majority of the universities adopt the use of eLearning within its learning system. The eLearning is “the use of new multimedia technologies and the Internet to improve the quality of learning by facilitating access to resources and services as well as remote exchanges and collaboration." [Pla01]. The eLearning is based on Special purpose Information System called LMS- Learning Management System, that it has been widely used on universities. We have to understand that the importance of eLearning in the university’s environment did not mean that it intends to replace the traditional Learning mode, we mean “e-Learning is not intended to replace face-to-face classroom training but can be used to enhance traditional training” [APO03]. 2. LEARNING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS 2.1 Background of LMS LMS is the main software of the eLearning solutions; we can give it this definition. LMS “Is software that automates the administration of training events. All LM systems manage the log-in of registered users, manage course catalogs, track learner activities and results, and provide reports to management. An LMS may or may not include additional functions such as: Authoring of content, Management of classroom training, instructors and resources…Learner collaboration tools (chat, discussion groups, etc.)” [BRA03a]. Some experts use additional terms to LMS, e.g. Portal Learning, which some experts consider it as another name of LMS; while others consider it as broader in functionality than an LMS. [ELe01]. Also some experts use Learning Content Management Systems, which “is a combination of typical LMS features…with the additional ability to implement a standards-based learning object structure, incorporating the storage, controls and methodology”, [ELe01]. The key functions of a LMS are [ANT02]: LMS • Manage courses and programs. E-learning Solutions • Provide and administer course registration. • Track student registration, access and progress. Figure 1. The LMS within E-learning. • Manage learning administration and reporting. • Enable financial tracking and control of learning. • Provide course scheduling and administration. The current software market of LMS packages are “probably has at least 200 products already”, [Wil02]. The LMS are increasing very fast; The Brandon Hall report (http://www.brandon- hall.com) reviewed 27 LMS’s in 1997-1998 and 59 LMS’s in 2000, and 70 LMS’s in 2002. CUE (2003) state that, by 2003, “there are now almost 200 providers, but the market is expected to 2 consolidate” [BRA03b], and the last Brandon-Hall resource estimates that by 2003, the LMS sector will represent about 10% of entire E-learning market. Some of LMS’s are commercial Software, while others are Open-Source. Table.1 shows some examples. Table 1, some examples of LMS’s: commercial and free Open-Source Commercial Software Free Open-Source Software WebCT Moodle <http://moodle.org> <http://www.webct.com> eCollege ILIAS <www.ilias.uni-koeln.de/ios/index- <http://www.ecollege.com/> e.html> LearningSpace Claroline <http://www.claroline.net/> <http://www.lotus.com> 2.2 Open Source LMS OSS-Open source software is becoming an interesting sector of the entire software landscape, it spread out and competition others proprietary software. In short phrase, OSS is software that you can freely: access, use, share, modify, and redistribution the Source Code [Ope]. The landscape of LMS has many types, manly: Open Source and Commercial Software. The OSS is very suit to the universities learning sector due to: - OSS is a good solution to control their software and format it upon their need. - The cost of using licence is almost nothing. - OSS licence permits any change, modify and improvement of the LMS´s without any pay. - Some big organizations adopted OSS, e.g. NASA's Center switched from Oracle to MySQL. 2.3 List of LMS: According to [BRA03b] there are now almost 200 LMS, we are going to list the more recent and power LMS/CWS (Course website software) according to Google© (visited in 1/3/2004)1. Table 2. List of CWS [Goo] BSCW - http://bscw.gmd.de/ Open Knowledge Initiative-http://web.mit.edu/oki/ Fle3 - http://fle3.uiah.fi The Manhattan Virtual Classroom - http://manhattan.sourceforge.net Blackboard - www.blackboard.com/ Generation21 Learning Systems - www.gen21.com WebCT - www.webct.com/ Convene Learning Platform - www.convene.com Moodle - http://moodle.org/ ATutor - www.atutor.ca/ eCollege.com - www.ecollege.com Jones e-education - www.jonesadvisorygroup.com/standard. TopClass - www.wbtsystems.com/ Knowledge Environment for Web-based Learning - http://kewl.uwc.ac.za ARIADNE Project-www.ariadne-eu.org Interact - http://cce-interact.sourceforge.net/ IBT-Server - www.time4you.de Virtual-U - www.vlei.com Claroline - www.claroline.net/ ILIAS - www.ilias.uni-koeln.de/ios/index-e.html CyberProf - www.howhy.com/home/ Lotus LearningSpace - www.lotus.com/home.nsf/welcome/learnspace OLAT - www.olat-zentrum.unizh.ch/ Knowledge Forum - www.knowledgeforum.com/ dotLRN - http://dotlrn.org Janison Toolbox - www.janison.com.au/janison/default.asp IntraKal - www.anlon.com/ Online Instructor Suite - www.onlinecoursetools.com/products.asp 1 http://directory.google.com/Top/Reference/Education/Instructional_Technology/Higher_Education/Course_Website_Software/ 3 Also there is a list of OS-LMS in link http://richtech.ca/, [Les]. Another list has found in [Com03]. 2.4 Why Moodle and Ilias? We choose two famous LMS-OS software; Moodle and Ilias to study and analysis, due to the flowing: 1- Ilias and Moodle are OSS. 2- The recommendations; according to [Com03:2; CUE03] ILIAS and Moodle are in the top three candidates, also the Austrian Ministry of Education [Kri03] beside Fraunhofer Institute [Ber02] recommended using Ilias and [Kam03; Bav03:13; Yor03; Rey03] somehow recommended Moodle. 3- The credit of Moodle is high, 1026 sites from 75 countries, Ilias have 115 from 18 countries1. 4- Moodle translated to 30 languages, Ilias-16, while commercial e.g. WebCT-14 and BlackBoard-11 2 3. THE ANALYSIS Thanks to [Edu] site, that list 68 LMS and performed a comparison of 42 LMS features and characters. Table 3. General comparison of the characters of ILIAS 2.3.8 y Moodle 1.1 [Edu] Tools ILIAS Moodle Tools ILIAS Moodle Discussion Forums * * Course Management * File Exchange * Instructor Helpdesk * * Internal Email * * Online Grading Tools * Online Journal/Notes * * Student Tracking * Real-time Chat * Accessibility Compliance * Video Services Content Sharing/Reuse Whiteboard Course Templates * * Bookmarks * Curriculum Management Calendar/Progress Review * * Customized Look and Feel * * Orientation/Help * * Instructional Design Tools * * Searching Within Course * * Instructional Standards Compliance * Work Offline/Synchronize * Client Browser Required * Groupwork * Database Requirements * * Self-assessment * * Server Software * * Student Community Building * Unix Server * * Student Portfolios * Windows Server * Authentication * * Company Profile * * Course Authorization * * Costs * * Hosted Services * Open Source * * Registration Integration * Software Version * * Automated Testing and Scoring * * Optional Extras * * 3.1 Moodle 1 Ilias (www.ilias.uni-koeln.de/ios/info-e.html), Moodle (http://moodle.org/sites/), on 15.4.2004 2 Moodle (http://moodle.org/download/lang/-27/3/2004), Ilias (www.homer.ilias.uni-koeln.de/iliasdoc/doc/html/8_4.html, on), WebCT (webct.com/intl/viewpage?name=intl_download_plugin) and BlackBoard (blackboard.com/worldwide/gb/en/ml.htm) on 4.4.2004 4 3.1.1 Introduction Name: Moodle Version: 1.1.1, Last release: 10th Sep.2003, Link: http://moodle.org/. Source: Moodle.com© company by the lead developer Martin Dougiamas. License: is available as Open Source software GNU General Public License (GPL).